Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, June 13, 1880, Page 10

10 EARLY CHICAGO. Reminiscences by a Gentleman Who Arrived Here in (836. Appearance of the Town at That Time—The Leading Business- Honses. Botels and Churches—Religion and the Slavery Question—William Box B Brown. How Chicago Wes Reached in '36—-A Oentre of Real-Estate Speculas tion. Inflation and Subsequent Rein Caused by Gen. Jackson's War upon the United States Bank. To the Edttor of Tht Chica Tribune. Caicaco, Jung-H.—I notice a call in Taz ‘TiuBeny, by a correspondent, for reminiscences of scenes and lift in early Chicago, with the 23- sirrance thet such narrations will be highly prized by the survivors of those palmy days. I will, therefore, give such remembrances as I cin revall—trusting that others. who have bet- ter memories, may thus be induced to continue the record. I say pulthy days,—for, at tho tine of the first wave of immizration to Michigan,- Uiinols, and Wisconsin, the whele country was in a state of unusual prosperity. That fs, money wus ubundant, and a spirit of speculation wes rife, causing a rush of restless spirits to the For ‘West, which then hud 1t8 centre in Chicago. Ilanided in Chicego . Tur Ist Day OF AUGUST, 1636, 2 from on board a schooner.—having been driven by a storm, with the rest of our family on board, past the place of our destination, which was what is now Kenosha, iu Wisconsin. The fam- Sly returned by the echooner,—which remained here aweck to unload,—leaving me here alone. Among other passengers on the schooner came also Jo¢eph Peacock, Esy., the lumber-merchant, baring with him his little kit of tools, with which he at once opened the first gunsmith-shop in Chicago, and perhaps in Illinois. Mr. Peacock is still with us, but he no longér repairs old guns. As we approached Chicago, the most promi- netit object was Fort Dearborn, which, in its completeness, with its white pallsades, and its plovk-hoiises at each angle, mounted with cati- non, and garrisoned with troops, stood out ir bold relief on the bigh bank of the inke, with the river at one side,—there being uo part of the town on the South Side of the river nearer to the fort than Srate street. { then saw a few schooners lying between the piers,—there being none above Rush street. The Lake House, then new and just opening, stood out. prominentiy; and that. with the warchouse of Kinzie, Hunter & Co. beluw Rush street, and the forest north of the Lake House, nearly hid the rest of the town from view. 1 could, however, get a glimpse of what appeared to be A LITTLE HUDDLE, which th fact reactied only from along the bank of the river, oft the North Side, to Luke street, though begond that, as far as Van Buren street, between State and Wells, were quite a uumber of scntterink houses. There were also a few gouses north of Kldzie stréet. The North Side was almost entirely covered with timber; but it isd been considerably thinned out from the ake ab far back-28 Li Sale street in opening a treets, while along tho river it bad cleared off. Butfrom LaSallestreet . the North Branch, and clcar down to the main ‘iver, the timber was a complete thicket, which, Ford tlie vessel, a8 seen through ‘the scattering wees, had’ the appearance of a hill, I con- duded that the huddie mentioned, of which (bt caught giiinpsts, be merely a convenience fur harbor-busiiess, and that the town itself must be beyorid the hilt appearing as above. As soon as 1 could get on shure,—whieh was by buat, for the sehvoner bad logged: on a bar between the piers,—I bastencd up South Water street, whith was the principal Dbusitless stret Chicago, to see the town of waieli I bad heard .go mueb, aud which i sup- posed was over the bill. But, alas! the vision which 1 Had édiifiired up soon vinished into thin au 2 sine befire me; sitetcbing toward the west, thé boundless, unbroken; and unoceu- pied praifie: Howeter, by looking about I ound 3 , A Goov DEAL OF A TOWN,” ~ and endag" ‘Yerein, to intctest me. The town was full’ ., overflowing. Every place was pucked and erdinined with travelers. Only to- das I cite atross u lelter from dne of the Way- Teret4 of that day to his Eustern home, in which be relates that br active eiforts Ne found in Chicago & plate where he could get bis meals in one hunse, and lo@eii¢s fh andther house. or rather hich would bea house when completed; and ‘there he bad to éleep on the flour, with feuthcts uiider him which had been mowed on zhe prairie. * ‘The hotels were tlic Treinont, House, oa the er upposit from the present “ puli_e hotel” of ligt bame: the New York House, on Lake strett, where Surdam’s store now stends; the Exchange Cotfee-Huuse, on the northwest cor- ner of Take and Wells; the Siuganssh, on Mar- ket near Lake; the Mansion House, on Lake be- tween Dearborn and State; the Green ‘Tree, slill, standing at tke curner of Lake and Cunal,—all wvo-story wooden buildings; 2 log hovel, fronting te’ rivet, near the Green Tree; aud the Lake House, which was ggite a pretentious brick structure, 1 used to hear won- dertul stories Irom travelers about the over- crowding of these hotels. Some slept on the Hours, some on the tabies, some bolt upright in chairs, some hanging on pegs, and some roosting on poles shoved ont of the windows. AN 1836 THE POST-OFFICR was in alittle onc-stoty building on the south- west corner of South Water and Franklin streets. John §..C. Hogan was Postmaster; buy as Mr. Hogan kept a store towurd the west en Of the same block, the Post-Uffice was attended to by Tom Watkins, a noted eg man, who afterwards went fnio the Indien country, Oo the point of the same block, at Luke and South Water streets, was the log grocery of Nobles & ider. On South Waterstreut, between Wells and La Salle,on the south side’ of tho. street, for there Were no buildings whatever on its north side, were two or three stores.—one being that of Philo Carpenter and one the buok-store of B. H. Clift. On the sume block, at the corner of La Baile, stoud the bank bufliing, being the branci of the State Bank of Illinois, of which Bfr. W. H. Brown was Cashier. On the corner of South Water and Clark was the store of Harmon & Lounis: and Just west was the book-sture of ¥. Gale, and one or two other stores; also, the eHinz-house of Mr. J. K. Boyer, a noted citi- zen of that day. But on South Water. between Clark and Dearborn, the principal business of Chicazu was done. Here was the bardware-store a of Jones. King & Co.—the firm being composed of William Jones, Byram King, and Henry 8. Clark: also the stores of Walter Kimball, Peter Pruyn. B. F. Knapp, and sume vthers, The cor- ners of South Water and Dearborn were the busy centre of Chicago, THE ONLY BRIDGE ACROSS THE MAIN RIVER beluygat Dearborn street. OnSouth Water, below Dearborn, was the store of Walker & Co..—the firm being Churics and Almon Walker and E. 8. Hulbert. Here, aleo, was the store of E. B. Will- jams. On Dearborn street, tuwards Lake, was the elothing-sture of Tuthill King and welry-store of E. H. Mulford; while the ry " of the block was occupied by suction- rooms, lottery offices, eating und drinking places, and the tatior-shop of.Jack Cox. Along the north side of Luke s Salle, were about cight or_ten stores. ‘t the ‘I'remont was the meat-market of Syl- rsh; then the hurdware-store of Kin- & Hyde, andthe general store of 5. and beyond Ciurk street was the store Merrill, and Perbape one or two others, the jewciry-store of 8. J. Sherwood, and the tailor-shup of Elijah Smith, and on the nurthwest corner of tbe block was the drug- ftore of W.H.& A. F. Clarke. which, 1 think, wus the only drug-store in Chicago, though | think Philo Carpeuter kept afew drugs and med- icines interspersed umong his stuck of stoves, pork, codfish, etc.. to muke up a general asgort- qnent. - But Mr. Carpenter will remember better about that than ldo. On the south side of Lake street. on the coruer {tt the Tremont, was & Jog bincksmith-shop, with & ruil tence around it. A Utde beyoud, toward Clark, was the grocery ‘noms Church and one or two other stores. Ou the southeast corner of Clark were the su- Joon buildings, just being -compieted by Capt. J. B. F. Kussell. " Between La Salle and Wells, on the sume side, were two or three BXCHANGE-OFFICES, as ther were culled. Qoe was kept by Strachan & scott, tad I think all were kept by Scotenmen, und did 2 banking business. Quthe West Side, the Point. a8 it was called.—was a store i by the Hugunins, and un the North Side ‘re three or four stores,—one kept by H. O. Erone. 0 by “Alfred Edwards. and one by 5 Ki There was a foundry by W. H ‘und a saw-mill on the North Branch, ick wouds neur Chicago avenue, by Bemsiy Hugtoun. There was wso 8 wagon-shop by Brizes& Humphrev. and a plow-shop by A. Pierce, ow of Hyde Park. ‘This was abont the extent of the merchand!s- ings banking, and general business of Chicago, o1 ‘urough there was interspersed among the res 1 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE:. SUNDAY, JUNE 13, 1880—SIXTEEN PAGE aratory to her early departure for | upon thetenant and his awents. He cai gut stope, arinkingspaces cts, 1 spent of | 08 wef ma NT hap otras, | Muniag ogee erro betes | OR CCE, ieee eee wea atnasy, | Satan nai ancora ble tens Sy Shey summer of: for in the. _ fal vided : iver coin in thelr | sult? {would not say, as the poe’s have it, |. —_: ‘Mrs. F, Adkinson, of New Albany, | still kil 3 ni @ pulsance, considerable accessions were made to the nnm- | provided they nate the silver, con, aye | that “The fast-auchored isle would swing trom CHICAGO. . : Ind., is visiting her brother, Mr. E. W. Ad- pi dog ner ar Crier t Scare On AE is of ber of stores. But stores thet’ were small af- fairs aa compurod with those of the present. ON THE NORTH SIDE, near Rush street, were three considerable stor- age and forwarding houses, where all the ship- ping that could come into the river from be- tween the piers tanded. One wus that of Hub- bard & Co,, one of Newberry & Dole, and one of Kinzie, Hunter & Co. Hunter, of the latter firm, was Capt. David Hunter, a retired army-Capt~ alu, and afterwards the distinguisbed Maj.-Gen. Hunter, who tho honor to be the first to is- sue a prociamation of freedom to tho slaves, jn bis militery-department. during the Slavehold- ers’ Rebellion, ‘The proclamation, however, Was annolicd by President Lincoln. Mr. Lincoln never could give up the idex of conciliating the Kebuls, and securing peace by renewed aud stronger guarantees uf Slavery. His persistence in the Jdea, however, was undoubtedly owing to the mnalign influence of William H. Seward. But, | fortunately, the slaveholders were too blind, or, like fiestas two hardened, to’ see and under- stand. Probably the thought that the town was yet out of sight over the bill was Uecause of the absence of church-steeptes, a3 1 had never be- fore seen a town without stevplea.. The only ap- peurance of such a church was the old St Jastea, on Cuss streot, near Kinzie, and that bud only a low tower, which was fartrom being a steeple. The Methudists bad a litte baru-like building on North Water strect near Clark, with Joose benches, which would seat about 150 peo- ple. The Baptista had o similar structure, where now stands the Merchants’ Exchange. ‘The Presbyterians bad another, on Clark strcet near Washington. The Catbolics also bad -a smell churob, un the southwest corner of Lake and State streets. ‘This wits the EXTEST OP THE ACCOMMODATIONS for public rellgious observances in Chicago in ‘Miss Martineau, who visited Chicago in 1831, gave a graphic and hishly interesting descrip- tion of an Episcopal service which was held in a room somewhere on the North Side. John H. Kinzie Meals proleebly, the prime mover in estab- lishing and maintaining the services of that Church in Chicago, und to bit is the credit due for placing it upon a permanent und prosperous ‘The Rey, Isaac T. Hinton, a talented and noted preacher in his day, was pustor of the Baptist Church. Mr, Hinton left his impress upon the church and peopie, which is uot effaced to this day. Among the Presbyterians Philo Carpenter was an active leader. Ever taithtul, diligent, and untiring, Mr. Carpenter still bolds on in the-.evea twnor of his way. In 183 the Methodists ‘were rather quict and went slow, ‘but they soon begun to take a leading position, and for some_time they held the sway to a great extent. They were noisy and stirring.—in fact, clowing with enthusiasm, ‘and became very popular. Such lungs as they possessed were astonishing. But there were some Kentuckians among them who were strongly Pro-Slavery,—much afwr the Cor federute Cross-Roads style,—which fact measur- ably neutralized their efforts. If any one in the Methodist’ Church had ventured iu his prayers to “remember those that ure in bonds us bound with them,” be would buve been branded as an Abolitionist and driven from the fold. Once, by a preconcerted arrangement, a colored man, 2 fugitive from Slavery, by the name of WILLIAM BOX BLOWN, so named, because he had escaped ina box,— arose inone of their mectings, and soon branched into an Anti-Slavery speech. ‘The effort was like putting fire to powder. Leading Methodists popped up, and made frantic elforts to dismiss the meeting. They buzzed around like enraged bumble-bee3, and tinaliy put out the lights. But the binck mau was equal to the occusion. He was cool and self-possessud, and In the mean- time gotin bis words with telling effect. . Still, there were mauy goud people nmiong the Metho- dists uf, that day, while now they are ail sound. And Yet there has been a wonderful decline in {cihodisin since that time,—thut is, in the ex- ereise uf lung-power. ‘To reach Chicago in 1836 was a great undertak- ing. From our starting point in the western purtof the State uf New York, two dars were ebrisumed in reaching Butfalo by line-boat on the canal. The Erie Canal was then A GREAT THOROUGHFARE FOR TRAVEL, though ft had not yet been enlarged. Lines of fast packets, tted expressly for passengers, were coustautly running thereon. ‘The whole Jength of the boat wus a handsome saluon, with cushioned seats all around. ‘the bow end was partially divided off for tadics,and the after partiora kitchen. A table of Sutliclent leugth was exieuded in thé cabin, so that meuls were furnished regularly. At night, berths wide enough for one person were hung on ench side, one above another, the whole lenyth also, As these packets were handsomely titted and furnished, and inade good epced,—between three and four miles un hour,—and as the deck aifurd- edi ample space for viewing the country. this was considered a luxurious mode of travel. ‘The line-boats also were handsomely fitted for pas- stngers, and ‘rere very comfurtably; but the time—about two miles an bour—wus thought by sbme tO be not fast enough. thouzh, ts high speed was then unknown, it was no cause for compiaint. But traveling was not a3 common then #8 now. : At Buffalo We went on board 1 small steamer, which took another two days to Detroit—thet being as faras her trip extended. Very few steainers went through to Chicago that year. in fact, there were nut muny Steamers on uke Lukes. ‘At Detroit we went on bourd the schoon- er, where we were wind-bound for a while, as there were then no tugs, We proceeded r there to Buick River (now Port Huron), where we were loaded with tumber, and. then svt sail for Chicagu. One duy we laid at Mackinaw, where were thousands uf Indians, and where the scenery was inuguificent, Then we pissed nlung the western shore of Lake Michivtin, where for hundreds of miles ivas only a dark, unbroken, and inhospitable-appear! forest, and arrived in Chicago the Ist day o! August, having been 4 __-NINET£EN DAYS IN TRANSIT,— adoumey: whieh can now be made in nineteen ‘ours. Muny camé by schooner from Oswego, and many all the way by sail from Buifalo. [ say by sail, for, in addition to the schoon- ee there were a number of large sailing-vessels on the Luxes at that time. These vessels were also fitted for pussengers. There were two full-rigged ships. One, the Julia Palmer, was unequaicd for beauty and for accommodations for passengers, by uty sailing erafton any waters at the present,duy. The other, the Milwaukee, was also a” fine ship. Thea thero were the bark Detroit and the brig Queen Charlotte, which vessels were captured from the British in “Perry's Victory,” In 1! ‘These were massive specimens of mariue arc! tecture. The schooners were sthall, generally from sixty to. ninety tons. But these. and all square-rigged vessels, soon passed away, to bo replaced by Lirger schooners foY freight, and by the daily line of great upper-cabin steamers be- tween Buffalo and Chicage for passengers; these again to be replaced by railways for pussengers, and by large propellers for freight. Many came by water to Detroit, and thence through Michi- gun by stage, or driving their own teams, or on foot. “It was understood, however, that 51 passengers niust generally go on foot, and CARRY A RAIL ON THEIR SHOULDERS to pry the stage outof the mud. Travel through Michigan mostly came to St, Joseph. crossing over from there in a little steamer which then ied between Chicago and St. Joseph, or by sail. St. Joseph was at that time a rival of Chicago, us also was Michigan City. My futher, who came through early in the season, cume on horseback as far x6 the headwaters of the St. Joseph Hiver, where he and a fellow-traveler bought a canoe and touted down to the mouth of the river az St. Juscph, ‘They there took a schooner for Chicugo, with the canoe in tow. Many drove with covered wugons ull the way from the State of New York, through Obio and Indiana, to Chicago: and many shouldered their packs and walked the whole distance. Westwurd ho! was the cry, and the rush was as_great us the limited means of transit and the difficulties of the situation would admit of. But, us previously. stated, speculation in Chi- cago wus rife, money was abundant, property wus constantly changing hands at advancing prices, fortunes were rapidly accumulating, an extensive system of internal improvements had been projected in Illinois and was in progress, and things, 80 to spexk, WEEE BOOMING. Not only was town-property booming, but in the country about Chicago. which was yet un- surveyed, and of course not ia the market, lands were staked oft and claimed; and these “claims,” as such were called, though of no value in law, for there was then ‘no Preémption law,—tbese elaiins were suldin many jostances fur more than the same lands would bring ten years later, aud after being surveyed, and deed- ed, and improved. Now it may be interesting to present a view of the peculiarities of those times, their causes, and the results, In so doing { only give the views of it silent observer, and, if incorrect, I would be pleused to have soince active partici- pant in afairs at the time set _me right. 1 only give Impressions, and Trom memory, for I have no.uime wo grupe for greater accuracy. ‘The War of 1812 bad left the country in a ver depressed condition. Business was ‘deranged, the public debt way burdensome, and taxation was oppressive. In addition to ordinary sources of revenue Congress bad also levied a direct tax. To all this was added an almost total fail- ure of crops in 1817, when the distress was ex- treme. From this’ condition, under the benign and healthful intiuence of THE UNITED STATES BANK, which was under wise, and skillful, and patriotic mansgement.'the country slowly emeryed. ‘The commerce drid_ industry of the country were fostered-by the Bank, and from that time up to 182 thore was moderate but cheerful and health- ful prosperity. Through the patriotic cospera- tion and ajd of the Bank the Nutional debt had been extinguished, and the business of the coun- try was ona souhd basis. The United States Bank, being the depository of the public money, was in a manner a coordinate branch of the Gov- ernment, And well and faithfully it fulfilled its oblimition xssuch. The Nacional revenues were received and puid out db) the Baik, or trans- ferred to any point required, without cost to the Government, and witnont the loss of a dollar, While the United States Bunk was strong and sound, und the equal of any moneyed institution in the world, it was almost unavuidably conserv- ative, as such an institution must be. It was a restraint upon any disposition to undue infla- on by the Stute banks. And, as the beanches of tho bank occupied every important com- mercial point in the country, it stood in the way of the unnecessary establishment of banks, or thoxe merely for speculative purposes, T'nough, has been, in times of inflation. that THEY LACKED THE Sune CORES Unfortunately, the charter of the Bank was not perpetual; it was to expire in 18%. In 183 application.was made for its renewal. Through a freak of Gen. Jackson,—probably from pique toward Nicholas Biddle,—be conceived a hos- tility to a renewal of the charter. Many of Gen. Jackson's friends, whether in the Cabinet, or in Congress, or elsewhere, only needed an intima- tion of his will to go for or against any measure whatever. They accordingly joined him in op- sing & Tenewal of the charter of the United Bintes Bank. It was necessary to find somo grounds for the opposition; hence & committee of Congress was raised to “investigate,” when {it was ascertained that sume of the shares of ie Bunk were beld by foreigners, and, furthermore, that the Bunk had discounted the notes of some newspuper-proprietors. It did not appear that any tuw had been violated, nor did it occur to the opponents of the Bank that a new charter could provide against such enormities in the future, or that laws could be made imaking it a enal offense for any journalist to apply for Bank-sccommodations. ‘The fight against the Bank went on in Con- gress, While Nicholas Biddle and the friends of the Bunk were not idle. Gen. Jackson charac- terized the Bunk a3 u “monster,” dangerous to ‘tho liberties of the people, and threutening the perpetuity of the Government,— asserting tbat the Bank would soon presume to dictate who should and who should not be our rulers. Nevertheless, after a long and animated contest, the bill ror the renewal of the charter passed both Housos, when Gen. Jackson interposed his veto. It is probable tbut the Dill. passed because the reasons for op- posing it really uppeared too absurd to uct up- on; but, when the President insisted upon mak- ing Ita party meusure, the Democracy wheeled into line, for there is - NO ABSURDITY TOO GROSS, for a Democrat to swallow, The Democracy, 93 blind and as devoid af conscience now ns then, and haviug played out its hypocritical ery of * Ke- form,” 1s now, 8 shown by itscoursein Congress, reduced to three cardinal prinolples aaa bond of union. One isthe disfranchisenent of the col- ored Yoters; gnother, to honor and reward Rebels, inoluding such double-dyed Kebels as Fitz-Jobn Porter; and the other is to expend the bulk of the public money at the South. If the Democratic party bave any other distinctive principles, they are not shown forth. Gen. Juckson was an ardent patriot. Ho was honest in his aims ‘and intemtions. He was ivi- petuous, willful, and rigorous in’carrying out whatever he considered to be right. Ho did not hesitateto take the responsibility. His blind consciousness of honest aims was his shield. He was,in fact, a Hon-hearted, iron-norved vid hero. Such aman might render valuable sorv- ice a3 commander of an army composed of tur- bulent spirits, or be might be tolerated to aa- minister justice ina semi-civilized community; but he was not. the -careful thinker, the thor- ough student, nog had he the unprejudiced mind, to be at the head’of a great nation. His advisers whom he gathered around him were oqually lacking in judgment, and EQUALLY BLIND AND WILGYUL WITH HIMSELY, while some of them were Incking the honesty of aim which churucterized the brave old warrior. Thomus H. Benton was undoubtédly honest in his belief that the existence of banks was the only obstacle in the way of a constant How of gold up the Mississipp!.as he pictured it in a Speech in Congress. Still, it may be a charity to call. it some other name than honesty. For, son after, when ail the banks had failed, and no longer stovd tn the way, the gold did not ow all the sane. in carrying on the war upon the United States Bank, the Democratic party—or, more properly ‘speaking, the Jackson party—mude it a point to mianifest’ approval of — State banks a3 being safer and equally reliable in _com- parison with the United States Bank; and they were made the “pets” of tho Adminis- tration. Tho public deposits were removed from the Cuited States Bank into State banks. This Course populurized such institutions, and gave them an intpetus which, being now without cree intluence of the ooh States uk, sour run into 9 course of intlatiog which _ UNSETTLED THE WHOLE BUSIN: of the country. Speculation, especiully in land, ran wild. As Was said by President Jackson hinisti’, “The ‘ordinary pursuits of industry were displaced by a spirit of wild speculation.” New banks sprung into existence on every side, In Arkansas, which was but a wilderness, two banks were chartered with a capital of $3,000,000. Hlinois, which was but little better than a wilderness, had two banks with $5,0w,00U each. And Michigan, which hud but ono small town of perhaps 1u,00 inhabitants, had bear] y sixty winks, with untold millions of capital. ‘The Nn- tional revenues exceeded the wunts of the Treas- ury, and a surplus accumulated; and, instead of abuting taxation untilsuch surplus should be absorbed by ordinary disbursements, it was dis- | tributed, to the amuunt of many inflHons, none Theetfect of the inflation was felt in every hamict and on every farm In tho.coun- try. Wealth was recarded us more certain from the advance iu values of land than from {tg prod- ucts. Such was the result of the successful war agninst the United Statey Bank, the States. Chicago, though but 2 village, was the'centre | of the speculation in Innd. ‘The principal in- dustry at this time was buying “and selling cuuntry-lands, and laying out and selling town- lote, Not only were Chicago lots an article of tratiic and source of wenltit, but all orer the country new towns were projected, and ‘lots aud junds were constantly changing bands, and every time nt an advanced price, enriching ail who. participated. Fortunes were speedily made, aud wealth abounded. But it was discov- ered ail too soon that there was A LIMIT TO THIS INDUSTRY. _ ‘Young as I wus, these operations ‘appeared to me to be unnatural und delusive. This coud. tion of affairs reached its culmination in 18v6. The first shock to which the bubble was sub- dected was the senseless and wuntonly Oppres- sive Specie Girculur, issued In ‘July of that year from the Treasury, directing that specie only be reccived for Government tangs. ‘be order waSsenseless. becuse the specie ‘80 received was deposited in bunk us currency for account of tho Treasury. ‘The special bank waa benetited, and not the Government; while the settlers who during the continuance of thd vi der were entering their lauds were severe sa: ferers. The order upplied tono other Goyeru- ment dues. That the order was regarded end intended a3 2 shock, is confirmed by the reply of the President (or Secretary Levi Woodbury) ty @ remnonstrince against thé order, whetcin lic sdid, “Good banks would not be shocked by it, and others ought to be shocked.” From’ this time, with ‘characteristic inconsistency, all banks were denounced by the qld’ General us wicked inslitutions; ‘and the Democracy,. ever blind and obedient, took up the ery, and’ rash on pell-inellon that tack. All this tinke: With finance, this indulgence of Gen. Jackson ot bis vagaries, was admitted by himself to be but é * EXPERIMENTS.” And well do 1 remember, and undoubtedly others in Chicago remember, the speech of Dan- jel Webster on the campus of Fort Dearborn, in 1837, wherein he said, *t No man in authority bad. ital interests of twenty millions of freg people." 3 The next blow the bubble sustained was the failure of Benjamin Rathbun, at Buffalo, in August following. The boom, however, was tuo strong to be immediately affected ny these oc- currences. The etlect of the Treasury order was & molerate dru upon specie of the bunks, which caused a contraction on their part, and a gradual tichten- ing of the money-market. This checked operations in real estate, and thuse who held such property on credit—und that was nearly every operntor—were unuble tO reslize on it to meet payments. The pressure continued. with increasing force, and japos all business opera- tons, until in April, 1887, the banking firm ‘of Josephs & Co., iu New York, failed, after which failure followed failure ou every side, until nearly every bank-af not every one—in the country had failed or suspend and bank- Tuptey was general. TUE BUBBLE HAD BURST. Of course business was paralyzed, and real es- State was neurly unsulable. general distress thet President Van Buren called Congress together in, extra session to devise means of relier. And ‘I think the only relief offered was the issue of $50,000,000 in ‘Treasury notes,—thug, after ail, recognizing the propriety and necessity for paper isis auy right to experiment on the ‘but not reniiziog that paper money should on! De issued by bauks, and based. on real capital. Banks can be 80 established and encouraged as tw mect the wants of Goyernment in any emergency, but no Government ought ever to Tauke paper moncy itself. Such money .uever cun be stable nor safe, ner meet the wants of business. This was the condition of affairs which followed the palmy days, and was 2 part of early Chicago. Nowhere was the revulsion more severely felt than in Chicago. The West ‘wns dependent on the East even for provisions, with the exception of bacon and mexl, which Were brought up from the Wabash ‘by the Hoosiers, nnd pratrie-hens and ducks, with which the West abounded. To add to the dis- PROVISIONS WERE SCARCE AND HIGH throughout the country. Flour was $13 a bar- rel, butter 50 cents a pound, and evorything in. Proportion. Wheat was largely and constantly imported from Europe in 1996 and °87, and un- donbtedly tlour from Buropean wheat reached Chicago. ‘The high: prices which the people of tho West paid for provisions when obliged ‘to buy were followed in''38 and the following years, when thes were sollers, by prices whic yielded no adequate returns, My fathor hauled Wheat to market, as good as ever grew, and sold it for 3) cents busnel. Dressed hogs wore ‘or’ cent, butter,6 cents, eggs 4 ce! a Comm and outs i0 courst” “oot WES 4 cots, and Had the charter of the United States Bank been renewed, monetary affairs. which were never in betier condition, would have rémained undis~ tarbed; progress and the accumulation of Wealth, instead of being spasmodic and tluctuat- jug. would have been sure and unchanging; and the long years of depression and distress,’ and, in fact, the constant recurrence of bank cx- pansiona, contructions, aid explosions of ‘the lust tifty years, would bave been measurably, if not altogether, averted. [say measurably, for it would be too puch to say that*ho booms at all would have beed started tn that length of time. i Let us suppose that Mr. Gladstone, the Prime Minister of Great Britain were to denounce the Bank of Enzland as a dangerous institution, and atray a party agninst {tto seek ity overthrow: such action would be *. “SO MORE ABSUED “ than was that pursued by Prealdent Jackson. -strong gnd weil-organ! Such was the | its moorings”: but Ido say that it would leave monctare aifairs at loose ends; that it_would send a bight over the land, from which English skill, and energy, and industry. and wealth could not rescuo it. Here, on the other hand, in tho richness and extent of our virgin soll, in the products of our mines, in opening lines of transportation, and.in prosecuting the business connected therewith thus forced upon ‘us, we had all the elements of recuperation. Banks arog necessity of civilization: and a ized, and consequently aga bencticent tulone. Hence conservative, bank is -superi inetituion toa weak and dou! x bank recornizea a3 Nutional, from being tho depository of the pobile. money, and therefore in a manner, as Betore atated, % codrdinate branch of the Government, and yet independ- ent and disconnected therefrom, must be Fu- perlor to any ordinary banklog institution. Had the United Stntes Bank remuined. such opera- tions as that of George Smith, whereby the struggling industry of early Chictgo and the whole Northwest was placed under tribute, could never have occurred. J. M. HL THE TELEPHONE. A New Method of Reporting Parla- mentary Debates. London Times. A new methid of reporting the late debates of the Housetot Communs—those, namely, which aro continued after miduight—has within the last few days been brought into operation in the office of this journal; and some account of the method employed will probably be of interest to the public. Thero bas for sume time beena tendency amony the most prominent public men to deliver their Parliamentary speeches at very late hours, and this, together with the dis- pateh of the first morning trains from the London termini an hour earlier than former- ly, bas placed great difliculties in the way of Parliamentary reporting. After about lo’clock in the morning to produce in time for the early edition a full report of a speech, how- ever important ft niight be, became @ matter of extreme diflicuity, and after 2 the record of pro- ceedings bocume necessarily a mere abstract. ‘The inevitable curtailment of the reports has been felt as a grievance by many members of the House, and has‘been one cause of the efforts recently made, by appointing select committees and otherwise, to get a better provision for the publication of the debates. But these difficui- ties seem-now to be ina fair way to yield—suf- ficiently at least for ail practical purposes—to the increased powers of work which have been afforded by the judicious application of modern selentific inventions. The dirst step iu this directlon must undoubdt- edly be ascribed to the increased rapidity of setting up type, which has been duc-to the em~ ployment of 4 machine as a substitute for the munual labor of the compositor. The most skillful workman,’ setting up type by hand, would not d'a general average of about forty lines per hour, or a maximum rite of fitty’ Imes per hour during short periods of great presstire; but the machine, in which the types are brought down and placed in position by striking upon keys sumething like those of a plano or ongan, enables fair workman to uttain an average speed of 100 lines an hour even when composing from manugeript, which he bas to read for himself; and this speed can bedoubled, or nearly sv, when the operdior is assisted py a reader, and thus’ composes from dictation. ‘The original form of the machine in use nt this Oflice was introduced here soon after the Fninco-German wer, and has ever since been undergoing such moditicutions in detail a3 expe- rience bus trom tinie to time suggested, until it bas now reached a state of very ereat efficiency. It has for some time been the custom to trans- rait the foreign intelligence from Paris, Vienna, and Berlin to this office by menns of Hughes’ printing telegruph; and tu dictate the contents of the telegraphic elip ton compositor at the biichine. By thiscombination remarkable fa- cilities in deuling ‘with iate manuscript bave | been obtained, andit bus been possible to carry on the work of typesetting almost tothe tine of going to press; bui the copy received from the House was necessarily sumewhat delayed - while the reporter transcribed his notes and in trans- mission. The compositor wns compelled to lug behind the actual progress of the debate, and precioug time thus lost at each step of the process: mounted up inthe end to a considerable 2 a At this point in tho history of the matter the telephone was brought into actual operation as a meuns of Verbal communication between dis- tant points; and the conductors of this journal, having obtained permission from the Metropol- itan Board of Works to Iny down the necessary Wires iu the subvay of the Embankment, formed 4 new connection between the House of Commous and the ofico. and placed one of Edi- son's ioud-speaking telephones at either end. ‘fhe immediate result: of this arrangement has been to bring the compositor at the niachine into direct communication with the Parliamentary reporter ut the Hou:y, and to enable the debates to We reported and friuted from half to three- quarters of an hour IMter than had previously becn possible. ‘The notes made by the reporter can be read directixinto the telephone receiver in a roum adjoiumg the gallery, either by the reporter himself svhen revieved or by another person employed for the purpose; and the com- positor, at bis machine In theollice, sits with his ears in juxtaposition with the other terminal of the fustrument. The plan which has been found the most citcacious for the purpose of shutting out distracting sounds of other kinds {s to place the disc of the telephone above and behind the compositor, and then to arrange two tubes, each with two trumpet-shaped extremitics, in such & manner that these extremities are applied at one end to the two sides of the telephone disc and at the other end to the {we ears of the compositor. ‘Tho compositor is riso furnished with a speak- ing instrument, with-a key for riuging 1 bell, and with a bell which is rung from the House; a simple code of. bell signals, ing of one, two, or three strokes, sulliciug for the ordinary requirements of each message, The compositor announces by the bell that he Is ready, receives a sengenca, strikes the bell to in- dicate that he understands if;sets up the type with bis machine, strjkes the bell azuin for the reader to continue his dictation, and so or until the work is carricd ag far as time will allow. If there is any doubt orgifficulty about the words, a bell signal will cause them to be repeated, or explanations can be sought and received by direct vocal communication. In this power, in- deed, resides one of the chief advantages of the method, and one which ought to lead to greater accuracy thin bas ever previously been fttain- able. The numes of peuple, places, etc., cau be spelt out lotter by lettexif there is any doubt avout them. ‘Kelephonic reporting isas yet only in its in- fancy, and the present. mechanical and personal arrangements will no doubt be modified in many respects. Enourh has been done, however, to show the complete practicability of the method, which seems to hold great possibilities of fur- ther developmcaot. There are cortain impedi- ments stilt in the way, arising from the difficulty of connecting the telephone wircs against tho disturbances caused by induced currents, and algo from the effect of certain kinds of. vibra- don in confusing or overpowering the trans- mitted sounds; but these ure mutters of detail, which either ure, or certainty soon will be, ina fair ‘way tobe overcome. ‘A difliculty of an- other Kind arose frum the action of the Post-Olllce, which, in the interests of its real or supposed moneypoly, at first placed every possibie hindrance in the way of the application. of the telephone to reporting purposes. ‘This opposition, however, could uot be sustamed; and it will not be surprising If, before luug, the direct communication between the reporter and the com ositars by which, even now, we are abio erally to extend the time available for re- porting in the House, Should be rendered eyailiy applicablato speeches delivered In every part of the Kingdom. Our predocessors iu fornicr times endeavored to supply exrly intellizence by methods which hve tong been superseded; and itseems not unlikely that the fully writron trauseripts of the reporter may be’ gathered efore long to the specinl stermurs and tho relays of post-horses which wero the instru- ments of the greatest enterprise of the last generation. : ——— The Strongest Man in the World—Why Doosn’t Barnum Get Mim! At Reno, in Nevada, according to pne of Mr. R. A. Proctur’s letters to au English journal, there now lives a inan who is ‘probably the strupgest in the world. His nasie is Angelo Cardela. Ho is an Italian, uge 33 years, five tect ten inches in hight, and ‘weighing 19) pounds, die is a tnborer, of teniperate habits, but not objecting to the moderate use of malt liquors and light wines. In personal appectrance he fa not remurkable, but “merely at good-natured- looking son of Italy, vith a broud, heuvy face, n noble development of chest and shoulders, and large Heshy hands.” His strength was born with him, for he has had no atletic training. This strength does not reside in -his huir by aay means, but apparently-as much in bis bones as in bis muscles. At uny rate, be differs from other men cebietly in his osseous structure. Though he is not of ‘anusual size, bis spinal column is double the ordinary width, and his other bones and joints are mado on 2° shinilariy jarge and generous senle. He has been knowin tolifta man of 20 pounds’ weirht with the middle finger of his right hand. The thing was done us follows: The man ty be lifted stood with one foot on the floor and arms outstretched, bis hands being itghtly grasped by tro friends, ‘one on each side, to preserve the balance of the body, “This slight assistauce,” we are assured, had no tendency to raise the body, being mere- iy to keep him from toppling over.” Cardcla then stooped down and placed the third fnyer of his right hand under the hollow of the man’s foot, on which be was balancing, and witn scarcely any pereeptible effort raised him to the hight of fuur fect, and: deposited him standing ona table neur at band. it 13 said that two pow- Irishmen, living near Verd. in Washoe ada, waylaig Cardels with intent to fin; but he seized one in each hand, and beat them tovether till Hfe was neurly¥bam- mered out of them. He is, however. of a quict and peaceable dispositivn. His strength seums Ww have been inhcrited,-for he states tbat bis oe was even more powerful than he i3 him- Roe Aialian Aubroviations. apis two leading journals, the Pungolo ard the Picola, ‘are cried on the streets by the euphonious newsboys us “O Put” and “0 Pil” consist- | MATRIMONIAL EVENTS. The marriage of Miss Jennie Rothschild, daughter of Mrs, Sarah Rothschild, and Mr. Leopold Rothschild, of New York City, was celebrated Tuesday evening at the residence of the bride’s mother, No. 233 Thirty-second street. The ceremony was performed by the Rev. Dr. Adler inthe presence of & smail company of friends and relatives. Mr. and Mrs. Rothschild left Wednesday evening for their new home in New York City. Miss Virginia L. Rutledge, of Inckson- Tillpe UL. spe married June 3 at the residence of her cousin, Mr. W. U. Kinney, No. 4004 Ellis avenue, to Dr. William B, Warren, of Berlin, il, the father of the bride, the Rev. W. J. Rutledge, officiating. The young couple left after the ceremony for their fut- ure residence in Berlin. ‘The marriage of Miss Antoinette Corwith, daughter of Henry Corwith, Esq., to Mr. Charles L Dangler, of Cleveland, was cele- brated Thursday evening at the residence of the bride’s parents, No. 1702 Michigan ave- nne, the Ker. Arthur Mitchell oiticlating. ae spd Mrs. Dangler left for a trip throug! The marriage of Miss Lyda B. Wells, daughter of W. W. Wells, Esq.,to Mr. J. B. Egger, of this city, occurred Thursday at 12 m.at the residence of the bride’s parents, No. 1060 Millard avenue, the Rev. A. E. Kittredge oniciating. Mr. and Mrs, Eger Jeft for Geneva Lake, | ‘The marriage of Miss Della St. John, of this city, to Mr. George W. Higgins was cel- ebrated Thursday in a quiet’ manner at_ the residence of the groom's parents, on West Washington street. After a short bridal trip Mr. and Mrs, Higgins will reside in Chi- cago. 5 Miss Callie Marwood, daughter of the Hon. Fryer Marwood, of Mont Clare, Ul, and Mr. Robert Eurgens, of Elgin, were inarricd on June 1 at 8 residence of the bride’s parents by.the Rev. Dr, Canteen, of Oak Park. After a trip to St. Paul they ‘will reside in Elin. Miss Mattie J. Stockwell, daughter of _F. W. A. Stockwell, Esq., of this city, and Mr. Charles Pargells, of New York, were married May 25 at Laporte, Ind., by the Rev. James L. Boxer. Mr. and Mrs, Parsells will reside at 155 Cenfreavenne. ‘The marriage of Miss Fay Calhoun, daugh- terof John Calhoun, Esq., and Mr. Henry B. Mason was celebrated yesterday after- noon at the residence of the bride’s parents in Hyde Park, s ‘Miss Helen Schmitz and Mr. Benjamin S. Mayer, were married at Martine’s West-Side Lall Tuesday evening by Rabbi B. Fel- senthal. A large family reception followed the ceremony. ‘The Wedding of Miss Agnes MeMurty and Mr. Herman Eberhardt wok place Tuesday evening at No. 2453 Prairie avenue, the Rev. Dr. Erhard officiating. * Mr. Alfred Millsand Miss Carrie Wilder, of this city, werg married ‘Thursday evening. Mr. Littleton Jones and Georgiana Mead, daughter of George W. Mead, were married Wednesday at 6 o’clock by the Rev." R. De Luptiste, pastor of the Olivet Baptist Church, ‘The wedding occurred at the residence of the bride’s father, 216 Third avenue, and was a grand affair, The bride was elegantly at- tired in white satin and diamonds. About 309 guests were present, all of the notable colored people in the city being there. The presents were very fine. Among them were: Silver set, C. L. Woodman; china set, Mrs, Dempsey; parlor set, the groom. APPROACHING The marriage of Miss Emily B. Mullin, daughter of O. B. Afullin, Esq., to Mr. James Maxwell will occur June 16 at the residence of tho bride’s parents, No, 459 North Salle street, Edward A. Davis lett the city Thursday for Mineral Point, where he will lead to the altar one of Wisconsin's beli&. He has the best wishes of his friends. = Miss Cxrrie Deutsch, of this city, and Mr. Henry Polachek, of Waukesha, will be mar- ried at No. 3819 Langley avenue Wednesday evening. é The wedding of Aly, Rugol h Williams and Miss Lita Ferris occur the litter part of this month. ‘The engagementof Miss Rose Cole to Mr. Al Liebenstein is announced. SOCIAL AND CLUB NOTES. ‘The fifteenth anniversary of the marriage of Mr. and Mrs. William J. Rosenfels was celebrated ‘Tuesday evening at their resi- dence, No. 3712. Vincennes avenue, their friends tendering them # surprise party. ‘The fitth birthday of their son Hugo was celebrated atthe same time by a number of little folks, A very pleasant evening was passed, 2 ‘The anniversary exercises of Allen’s Acad- emy took place Thursday evening in the hall of the Academy, on Twenty-second street. An excellent musical and literary program was executed, recitations by Prof. Kayser and others bein special features. Last Monday evening a very pleasant sur- Prise party was given at Al Nuniy’s residence, No. 13 Norti: Morgan street, about thirty couples being present. The evening 4 was ry pleasantly passed, dancing being the pri elpal feature, Mr, Mark S. Lansing r gese the first of his poels: receptions last Saturday evening at his residence. A very enjoyable program was provided. Mr. Charles Goodman, of 217 South Ash- Jand avenue,'gave a Serr enjoyable lunch party Thursday to the ladies of the W. C. T. While last week was in social circles al- most devoid of gayéty, the reception of Mrs. James Owen and Mr, and Mrs. B. W. Ken- all, of No, 3440 Wabash avenue, tendered to Mr. and Mrs. James KR. -Owen, née Wickes, Was an event of interedt and elegence. Flowers, musie, and numerous guests lent their charm to one of the pleasantest recep- tions of the season. 2 COMING EVENTS. Invitations are out for the seventh annual reunion of * Gideon’s Band,” whose quarters are owlsland Wiki, Brown’s Lake, Wis. The general reunion lasts from July 1 to 12, the election of officers takes place July 8, aud the club-house will be open during the entire sumuner. The “ Band” is composed of resi- dents of Racine, Chicago, Milwaukee, and neighboring cities, who spend their summers on tis delightful little island. . The Mignonette Social Club will give a moonlight excursion ‘Tuesday evening, June 22, and a social hep at Jenning’s Ilall, Evans- ton. The Club will leave the city at $:30 p. m, on the steamer Flora. ‘The usual annual picnic of Lady Wash- ington Chapter, No. 23,0. BE, S., will take place at Riverside Thursday, June 17._ Cars leave the Union Depot at 9am. Gdod mu- sic in attendance. ‘The Oakley Progressive Club will ‘give an open-air reception at Miller's Summer Gar- den, corner of Clark: street and North ave- hue, Weitnesday evening, dine 16, Musie by the Sixth Regiment Band. The Ladies’ Aid Society of St. Patrick’s Parish will give a strawberry festival and musicale on Wednesday evening in the base- ment of the church, corner of Adams and Desplaines streets. a lawn party under the auspices of the In- dustrial School for Girls will ve held Satur- day, from 4°to 10 p. m., at No. 482 West Adams street. Refreshments will pe served. ‘The Sunday-School. Association of the Church of the Redeemer will give their annual plenic at River Grove, Desplaincs, Friday, July 2. A cordial invitation is ex: tended to their friends, i PERSONAL. Mr. Charles A. Roithermel, with Max Stern, Goldsmith & Co., will leave for Bloom- ington this week where, he goes to visit his parents. Ie will go to St. Louis before he returns. . Mrs. Louis Benedict and little daughter } are visiting their old homestead in the coun- try, and wili not retarn to Chicago until fall. r. and Mrs. H. B. Owsley have returned fo their home, No. 157 South Robey street. ghey have been spending the winter in the uth, Charles P. Kellogg, Esq., and family have returned from Europe, and wil! leave the city shortly to spend the summer in Colo- rato. 5 -N. E. Mahn, of Minpeapolis, Minn., is stopping afew days at the residence of his sister, Mrs. E. P. Hall, while on his way East. Miss Annie E. Lloyd, of Muskegon, Mich., has been the guest of Miss Mamie Cochrane, of So: 40 South Throop street, during the week, £ : Miss Carrie Bloom, of 3158 Indiana avenue, leaves the city Monday to visit friends in Hoopeston, HL Mr. and Mrs. James J. Harrington have returned to the city, and are at hoine at No. 824 East Indiana street. Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Doolittle, of the West | Side,left the city Thursday for the ¢ Dells of Wisconsin.” Walter-3fills and Joshua Lane are he fishing season at Fox Lake. Airs. Lucy Kaucher, of Oregon, Mo., is visiting hor brother, Mr. W. EH. Christian, at Ehglewood, “Airs. Elvira M. Coleman has returned fi of Englewood. ee |. BT. Sugning has: Hennes from a siness trip to Southern Indis, ~ . by ‘Frank Pp. Haven, née Coones, is “at home” at No. 46 South Curtis street. Piss Eva Williams, of Milwaukee, is visit- ing friends in Chicago. SOCIETY TOPICS. It gs mentioned as possible that Mr. Long- fellow will #id some rhyming verses to tie blank verse of his “Mask of Pandora,” to serve as songs for the leading roles when ft ig produced as opera. It is to be brought ing season. The costumes are to be strictly accurate; even the ballet is to be dressed in flowing Grecian robes. Fashionable soclety has not abandoned Paris under the Republic. ‘The Bois de Boulogne is extensively patronized early in the morning by those who are trying to ob- tain some compensation for the fatigues of the season, and of an afternoon by the élite who fulfill the obligation imposed on them iby fashion, which has decreed that every oue shall present himself or herself in the drive round the lake some time between 5 and 7. For all Mrs. Thompson employs 73 girls in the manufacture of her “ Patent Waves,” the demand more than equals her ability to supply them. Their charming effect. superi- or Wearing qualities, and the ease with which they are dressed, requiring only comb and water, and, above all, their remaining in crimp in warmest or dampest weather, make them an actual necessity to every lady. Found only at Mrs, Thompson’s, 107 State street. it was a very pretty compliment the little girl paid to the gentleman, who said he was sorry to give her so mucli trouble in opening the door to let him go out, when she replied, “1 wish, sir, it was to let you in.” A thost excellent opportunity for our ladies to send abroad for rave millinery novelties oceurs this,week, Our Mr. Ballenberg leaves Chicago next Sunday evening via New York for London axd Paris direct, and has signi- fied his willingness to take a limited number of orders from his customers. . A philosopher says: ‘‘ You require In mar- riage precisely the same quality that you would in eating sausage—absolute conti- dence.” John Wright, the popular caterer, is kept very busy with parties. weddings; receptions, etc., and furnishing fis superior creams an ices. ‘Fhe Convention Hall restaurant during the great Revublican Convention was con- dueted by Mr. Wright. desire for change is encouraging the re- vival of plain-colored cloth costumes. The cloth employed is a French mannfacture of kerseyinere texture, as soft and as light as the flannel dress stuffs. It is shown in all the fashionable dark colors and_ black, and is an extremely handsome as well as a serviceable material. Fresh importations of summer millinery are constantly arriving at W. H. Hagedon’s, 42 and 44 Madison street. See his advertise- ment on fifth page. * Says a French critic: “I like a girl before she gets womanish, and a woman before she gets girlish.” ; Alaska women cure babies of crying by taking them to the seashore and holding them in the waier until they are silent. _ Ladies can supply themselves for a Hmited time trom en accumulation of fine shoes of Keller’s inimitable make at reduced prices, —Monroe street, Palmer House. Fashionable pickpockets in London tickle the noses of ladies who_happen to be lookin; into shop windows. The fair hand invol- untarily applies the white handkerchief to the itching nose, and the naughty thief steals the purse from the exposed pocket. Our society people in making arrangements for their church or social picnivs can find no cooler.or pleasanter place than} “* Hemm- rich” Park, Washington Heights. A certain junior has at last discovered one advantage in the faculty. He says that they write to his parentsso often thatit saves him the trouble, H. B. Bryant's Chicago Business College affords excellent facilities for improving one’s education during the summer. No vacations. The flower bonnets of last summer are seen, but are likely to be superseded by. the are currants, both red and white, and very odd and ugly they look. ee Refrigerators, porcelain-lined water-filters and coolers combined, i gauze window- screens. Harbeson’s, $5 North Clark. Ifa man whistles in the street as if he were calling a dos, from three to seven men will stop anddenly and look about. Is Darwin right? . Economy; an ornament to any Gining- rooin,—the Cooper refrigerator fills the bill. Wirts & Scholle, 222 Wabash, agents. ¥ _Large sunflowers are seen on, some of the richest bonnets, Some of the most beautiful costumes of late manufacture have the polonaise as the overdress, The “Bernhardt” hot weather waves crimp from the simple application of water. Made by Burnham, 71 State street. A sentimental cous man thus feelingly expresses himself: “ Even as Nature beney- olently guards the rose with thorns, so does she endow woman with pins.” The comforts _of the home are increased with a genuine Fisher refrigerator bought of Hatch & Breeze, 50 State street. The Boston Courier says that marriageable ladies favor the unit-rule. The Grand Union Hotel, Saratoga, will show two electric lights from its tower this year. A new bathing establishment has just been opened at 238 West Washington, corner Sangamon, by S, T. Norman. TiS ‘place is very nicely fitted up for electric, sulphur, vapor, and hot and cold water baths. He is also the Western agent for A. Norman’s Electro Curative Belts for nervous debilities, rheuriatismn, etc. Marie Antoinette fichus are made of éeru mull and piece Languedoc idce, trimmed with Languedoc lace, and garnished with a bouquet vf rosebuds, heliotrope, or pansies. vanes that look natural, raves that never straighten, waves that give satisfaction, at Fetherly’s, 189 Wabash avenue. i After a woman has passed 90 she fs proud OTF The : hluxs keep on this way there will soon be a drought of dry weather, Fountain Spring Honse, Wankesha, will open Monday, June 14, under management of A. Cleveland, Many rooms are engaged. a New York musical critic is looking for another situation. He wrote twenty-five lines about a concert and neglected to ring in the word “technique.” Ward & Davis’ clothes ‘tare _not very nice, but just nice enough.” Under Palmer House. Reversed use of combiniiig materials ts shown in recently-ade costumes for the promenade; of witch the skirt is floriated, and the overdress or the drapery of mono- chrome stuff. ty, Refrigerators, ice-boxes, _water-coolers, water-coolers and filters combiued, gasoline and oll stoves. Seavey & Co.’s, 49 State. A sermou should never be so short, in the opinion of the New Haven Register, that the ‘wotten will not have time to take fashion notes. Presidential candidates’ photos, views, etc. at Lovejoy’s, 88 State street, up-stairs, bila! It is the easiest thing-in the world to find a man willing to bet u hat on his candidate, but it is the hardest thing in the.world to ind the man if he loses.” Pork and beans served and families sup- plied as only Thomson can, 74 State street. Newport is alive with bicyclists. Teil the truth though the heavens fall—to the census man. Vitallzed air is safe. Dr. Sherwood ex- tracts teeth without pain, 26 Doré Block. Queen Victoria’s attitude ‘at the reeent drawi ng: ‘oom reception is deserided.to a cor- respondent ‘of the North American by a ,Young lady presented to her. “I was very imuch disappointed,” says this irreverent young lady; “she seemed so sinall and in- nitcant, She did not smile. at all, but oked very cross. She did not take the slighest notice of me, beyond holding out her hand for me to kiys, nor say anything? Truth is a greater stranger than fiction. 3 Xabkits as an Enzlish Political Ques- : tlon. Loniton Spectator, lay 29, The Government brs Inst no time in keeping {ts promise to diminish. the ovils of the Gyo Jnws. It dows not propose this “session to dod with those laws a thes effect the communicy, but to reform them alniost completely us ties affect the tenuut-farmers, The Home Secretary ou Thursday, therefors, obtained leave se berg in a bill under which the right of killing prennde game—that 3, bures und rubbite—is abe out atthe Boston Theatre early in the com-" ruit -bonnets. - The favori i se :|- “Ewe: uit -bonnets. - The favorit: fruits for these ‘genic Ga iscuuier Sak PARKS. But slisht improvements were made in the ¥arious small purks throughout the city during the yenr 18: The disbursements, chiutly for maintenance, were as follows: proviso the lundiord would contract binse!f out of tho law. Mr. Chaplin, who represunted the Tories in the matter, did not seriously oj though he grumbled’ that more hares and tab? bits would be preserved than ever, the tenants looking to their own shooting, and the bill wilt doubtless puss. It would ‘never bave been brought forward, but gor the accession of the Liberals to power: un@could not pass the Peers now, but that lundlords are alarmed at the ime tation of theirtenants. The result, aieemaHine, t be will be in nost distrie(a that the Hates wi preserved for coursing, that the rabbis will by almost extirpated, and that pouching will be couie an offense in tenants’ eyes. Thoze are ex. celleut results for everybody, except the use lucky bares, who wust wish ardently’ that they were slower-fovted. -PUBLIC WORKS. Commissioner Waller’s Report of the Work Done During 1879, Mr. Waller, Commissioner of Public Works has submitted to the Mayor and Council the fol. _ lowing report of the doings of the Department under his ehdrge for the year ending Doc. 31: T was appointed and qualified as Comm! of the Derurtment on the Ivth of May, Ba cone sequently during a Httle more than seven months of the year this Department was under my charge. 5 ‘The whole work done by the Department of Public Works during the year 1879, gathered into aggregates und brietly shown, was a follows; = - STREET WORK. Streets paved, 36,090 feet, as followa: Fe ‘Wooden blocks. aig Medina stone. LES Macadam. a3 Cobblestone sepeeitece i) Three-inch oak plank... 2167 Cinders... Fy Total, 6 #5 miles, or.... . SIDEWALKS. About fifty-one miles of sidewalk were bout in 1579, to-wit: Forty-nine miles were t=-~ ¢ ‘wood and two miles of stone and concrete, ** , STREET CLEANING. ia Nine hundred and twenty-five miles of street cleaning was done by contract during the year, at $21.50 per mile, distributed ag follows: In North Division. In South Division. In West Division. Making... + e Besides this, there’ wus expended during the ear for street repairs and cleaning, as follows: ‘n North Division... $253 ay In South Divisjon.... In West Division...0. ions Total, - Si12,008 a. The whole number of lamps tgaired d the year was 16,21; number of new lambs put In, Ss, Theaumber of Breet Leimps broken fur Ing the year averaged 45 per day. by ofthe city cost, in 1879, a {plows bad Chicago Gas Company's bil me People’s Gas Company’s bill. st Total... = $24,068 WATER WORKS. Whole quantity of fron water-pipes laid dare i$ milea, ing the year 1879 was 6,587 feet, 15 Whole ntfinber of bydrants put In... af Whole number of stop-valves put in. 3, 8S Whole uumber of new meters put in, w+. 21S Whole number of water enginea connectéd to elevators, etc..-........ see ee Sevens. The whole amount of sews put induring the year 1819 was 15.331 feet.—27i4 miles. Number of cateh-basins built. Number of man-boles built... Fifteen bridg-s and viaducts were thoi ghly. Painted daring the year, und considerable re- oe were necessarily made. A new bridge was ait at Kedzie avenue. The amount expended in the progress tmade in the erection of the new City- Hall during the year 1879 was... . The enginc-house built under the snper- vision of the Department, on Maxwell street, CUST......2...... FULLERTON AVESUE CO> a Machinery house, river connection3,dock,, ete., work done at a cost of............$ 4 Steam machinery put in, contract price, 21ND CHICAGO RIVER. One hundred and twenty-four thousand nine hundred and nineteen cubic yards were dredged out during the year, un- der contruct, at an aggregate cost of...$ 45,100 —an average of a fraction over 23 cents per cubicyard. Iam trying to do wore of this work in one season for legs money. Luke crib—But few repairs needed during the year. A small boiler was put in, costing ‘Twelfth strect outlet—Amount expeided no this outlet, $3,755. E y-Secord street, outlet—Amount . ex- The appropri and quirements of this Depurtment for the year 18i¥ (except fer construction of new City-Halb: Amonnted in the azgrerate 0 aaag SM tbis was expend uring year 1879, in all... Pat Tae Leaving a balance unexpended of..$ 2a 55 ett THE DOUGLAS MONUMENT. To the Editor of The Citengo Tribune, Cricago, June 12.—Wohld it not be well for the parties who are erecting shanties and pavil- ions upon the monument-grounds to read the following words in the act of the State Legisia- ture appropriating $25,000 for the purchase of te same? z . “The same to be held ag a burying-place for Saja deceased, and for no other purpose.” “ ‘The ground wus purchased as 2 buristplace for Stephen A. Douglas for the benefit of the people uf the State, and cannot be diverted or used for any private purposes whatever, If une citizen has aright to erect a shaaty or other structure upon this burial lot, then every citizen 6 State has the same rixht. rig: FAITH AND SCIENCE. The MolyBook tells of a land Above you shiuing orbs we 3ee, here Death "s uaknown, and fountains grand Iu sunjizht flash eternally.* Itg streets ure paved with fewels rare, Its gates are ull of burnished gold; Palo Sorrow ne'er can efter there, And God in glory reigns, we're tol Pure Angels flit on snowy wings. , While muste’s—beaveniy music’s—tone, With soft, melodious murmur, flings Its witching sweetness ‘round the Throne. Ang sy our s e calmly: bear, i nd hope, tho’ here with cares opprest, : Life's burs ut lust sbull anchor there, In that fair haven of Love.and Rest. t “From me O learn Beyond the sturs lies boundless space; With telescope [can't discern. Heaven the fuintest, slightest trace. "Tis but a childish tale at best, By Reason when a baby wid; There is no heavenly land of rest, oe With jeweled streets and gutes of gold.” There is no Heavenly tara of rest? ath, Science! with Eurth’s eyes you see fie Suckling babe ut mother’s breast OF this fair lund knows more than thee. Thy power—tby mighty power—we own; urintellects thou cunst control; But talk not of thi3 world unknown Till thou canst analyze the soul, Joxz 5, 1880. BERT TURNEY- oo To —. Oe ee Must dies . So, Love, must you! No bitter, tate-drawn sich _ Cau life recali—can death undot If God shut call, and tear ug heart from bh Dear one, let not Love's golden fetters pars! Be true to me, a3 I to you, i ~ Pho’ neath ¢ : Old love renew - > Beyond the Sky! ‘ay 30 Hernrcare Iau, MIAING GOODS. HULL’S HAIR STORES “inest Assortment of Natars? Tlave the Lary Cnc Wary Pieces. Waves and Derfections, in alt the Nawest Siyles mes wear, Hull's Perfection Wayvex never iouplng. Palmer House lat at ro, Attu W Muurve-st. West side Sture, G0 ot LACE MATERIALS. ATARIALS of all vind, Seer ie ee Mant ondecs a * Tia os prompar ulew. ‘Send for cain en Mas MERA, 157 State. E i £ :