Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 2, 1880, Page 9

FURNITURE, CARPETS, &c. GO- AGAIN REV-EL SAYS There is not A MAN, Woman, Child, Board of ‘Trade, POLICEMAN In Cook County THAT WILL NOT BUY Some Article of Household FURNITURE, CARPETS, DESKS, Chamber or Parlor Snits, Inside of the next two weeks, and there- fore advise you NOT TO THROW YOUR MONEY AWAY ‘Until you have passed through the immense Bar- gain-Giving Establishment of CO-ACAIN & REV-EL, 191-193-195-197 Randolph-st. Cor. Fifth-av. Also, Proprietors of the Chicago Furniture Co., Nos. 51, 53, and 55 Fifth-av., Briggs House Building. _YES! Does John M. Smyth make his own Furniture? WES! Does he sell exclusively the very best Carpets manufactured?’ WES: . oO Does he represent everything precisely as it is? a? YES! Does he sell on easy payments that ARE easy? WES! Does he keep a very large variety of Plain and Fancy Furniture? YES! Is he a good man to deal with? YES! Is his Office and Salesroom 132 and 134 West Madison-st.? YES! STOVES & RANGES. . Lowest Prices. & CH. LOW, 10 Lake-st FOLDING BED. Yeopomize in Room. and save Money in rent by using BOYINCTON’S TATED, AUTO“AT, CASKET FOLEIS@ BED. rere universat aatisfnotion, Send for Descriptive ied ethstnet me OE RT TO RENT. Large Doubfe CORNER STORE 54X40, Nertheust Corner Wabnah-av. and Twenty- Second. TO RENT. WALTER MATTOCKS, 40 Dearborn-st. TO RENT. OFFICES AND ROOMS IN THE Nevada Block, . Cor, Washington and Franklin-sts., Fellsuttea for puviisnt ey re ing or light manufacturing. Sul be renied Sepurutely orin Suites for business arpeses uns. Apply to wit-c. Dow, Boom 8 Tripane Building. For Rent. Jars, «ell-lighted Front office, with Two Vaults, Sa alain Fluor of No. 26 South Charkeat. SCOTT & GAGE, 48 South Ciar! . Room & FOR RENT, tg; OB SALE ON EASY TERME, * Stores 18 & 20 Michigan-at.,: G0x124. WM. C. DOW, $ Tribune Building, FOR RENT, gomer or wa: 5 bash-av, id ltarrison-st.; one de- Mle ta, gret-class in every respect; also two desi~ OB. Sus and 33 Wapssh-av. Apply to y P. HUTCIINSON, 15 Chamber of Commerce. And Terior 01 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, MAY 2, 1880—SIXTEEN PAGES CARPETS. Pardridge & Co IM & 16 STATEST., Are now displaying New and Choice Styles and Color- ings in Body Brassels, Tapestry, Three-Ply &Two-Pl INGRAIN Carpets! We GUARANTEE the very LOWEST prices, and invite all close buyers to examine our Stock and compure Prices before purchas- ing. PARDRIDCGES' MAIN STORE, 114 and 116 State-st. REMOVAL. MASON @ HAMLIN ORCAN COMPANY Have removed to their New and Elegant Store No. 149 Wabash-av., Where they will be pleased to show their large assort- ment of these favorite Unsans IN NEW AND BEAUTIFUL STYLES. HASON & HAMLIN CABINET ORGANS are recognized by ali competent judges and by the poblic Fenerally. as belng whoily unequaled, They ave received Hizbest Awards ut evory World's Ex- hibition for 14 years, nnd are the only American Or- guns so distinguished at any. z ‘They aro offered in a gréat variety of attractive styles, suitable for PARLORS, CHORCHES, SCHOOLS, HALLS, ETC, ‘at prices very Uittle more than those of very in- rZans, For Cash, $51 and Upward. Sold also on Ensy Payments, or rented until Rent Pifiustratea Catalogues, with full description, free. Mason & Hamlin Organ Co., 149 WABASH-AV. REMOVAL. A. BAMBERGER (Successor to Bamberger, Bloom & Co.) Has Removed His Largeand Choice Assortment of Rich and Medium Furniture Hos. 133 & 135 WABASH-AV, One door south from Madison-st, opposite his late location, ‘Where he will continue his heretofore successful business with the largest and finest stock of FURNITURE In value from $25,000 to-$30,000, The remainder of goods, damaged slightly by the fire of Feb. 14, at 267 and 269 Wabash-av., shall be closed out AT CONSIDERABLE LOSS. REMOVAL. We have removed to 277 and 29 South Water-st., where we are prepared to receive our old customers. We will alwars have on hund a larte stock of the Celebrated PIKE and MAGNOLIA. Brands of Flour, und aisy the best emdes of other Flours, far superior to any four sold by wholesale grocers or Claiming to be ugents, a3 wo are Manufacturers. JOSEPH B. QUINN. REMOVAL. Iwill remove sy oftice on ‘Tuesday next to 79 Dear- born-st.. Unity Building. H. C. MOREY, Real Estate Broker. SILKS. SILKS. PARDREDGRY MAIN STORE. This dep’t is now replete with all the Latest Novelties in Orien- tal and Japanese Brocades, Pekin Stripes in- Cashmere Effects, to- gether with an extensive assort- ment of Colored and Black Satins at our popular low prices. LYONS BLACK SILKS, 100 pieces OUR MONOPOLY: BLK SILKS, superb finish, at $1.25, $1.50, and $1.75; reg- ular prices, $1.50, $1.75, and $2.00. pieces EGYPTIAN SILKS, Cashmere: Finish, 24 inches wide, splendid quality, at $2, $2.25, and $2.50. 100 pieces GIVERNAUD’S TM- PROVED AMERICAN SILKS at $1.00, $1.25, and $1.50; prices guaranteed the lowest. DATIN DE LYONS. 24-inch Rich SATIN DE LYONS at $2, $2.50, and $2.75. Rich SATIN DE LYONS, all the new colors, at $1.90. DATIN STRIPE PERINS. | 30 Different Colors, splendid qual- ’ ity, 20 inches wide, at $1.10; usual price, $1.25. 50 pieces BL’K PEKIN STRIPES at $1.00. SUMMER SILKS. 50 pieces STRIPED SUMMER SILKS, good quality, at 50c a yard. J 100 pieces Checked and Striped SUMMER SILKS, in Jasper Effects, at 65 and 75c; others ask 85¢ and $1.00. = * LADIES’ GOoDs, Examine our stock of Ladies’ and Children’s Hats, and note Priees: 600 Walking Hats,: Milan Braid, 75¢ and $1.00, 1? Doz. Fine Turbans, Black, Brown, and Ecru. 86¢ and $1.00. 20 Doz. Fancy Shape, all colors, $1.00, $1.25, and ‘1.50. : 10 Doz. French Chips, $2.00 |' and $2.50. : 50 Doz. Misses’ and Chil- dren’s Trimmed Hats, 22c, 50c, 60c, S0c, and $1.00. We shail offer on Monday several new styles in Round Mats und Bonnots; also, several enrtons of Fancy Ribbons, together with another Jaye stock of Flowers, Feathors, and Ornaments, all af popular prices. HCTGHKIN, PALMER & CO, 187 & 139 State-st. CLOAK DEPARTMENT, P.S. Our stock of Ladies’ Walking Jackets also Silk Dol- mans is very large, at low prices. On WMionday we shall- offer several new styles in Ladies’ and Misses’ Jackets from $3 up. HOTCHKIN, PALMER & CO. GREENE & 60. (Formerly Sampson, Greene &Co.) Will ADVERTISE their new store by giving yon VERY LOW PRICES in F URNITUR F OF ALL KINDS. It will PAY to give them a call at Pardridges’ MAIN STORE, 114 & 116 State-st. Samples sent on application. SILVER GooORS. SILVER GOODS. We have a new lot of Rogers, Smith & Co.’s celebrated goods, comprising heau- tiful Tea Sets, from $20 to $60; Urns, Tureens, Cake Baskets, Casters, Fruit and Preserve Stands, Ladles, Children’s Cups and Sets, ‘Napkin Rings, Forks, Spoons, &c., at factory. prices. FRENCH COCKS AND ORNAMENT CIEES, BRO. G00. HOTEL, SOUTH PARK HOTEL, FARNSWORTH & SMITH, Proprietors, E. B. The Best Road House IN AMERICA. Entirely remodeled and refurnished. AN tho delt- cacies us Well ay the stat@ards of the season. Chulc- est Wines, Liquors, and Cigars at elty prices. Unsurpussed Stabling aud careful attendants, REMOVAL. LEOPOLD MAYER, Banker, has removed to 78 LASALLE-ST., Opposite New Court-House. RAL, OPer Ct. Money, We have $25,000 to Loan pee of $5,000 and upwards, oR {proved Site, Broe- Mt Washington-3t, MISCELLANEOUS. COPARTNERSHIP. have this day formed a Copartner- Se ne Hie fine name OC EERNOVER & BLA- Nudk, fas Successors to PENNOYER & CO. munufseture snd sale of Carriages s Tand, 20 to i Wabush-ay. All assets Of the inte firm will be collected, and ali Hablilves bald, by Leroy Peanoyer | oy pax voren, CHAS. D. BLANEY. Chicago, May 1, 1950. PASSPORTS. Persons going to EUROPE can now obtain their PASSI‘OItUS by opplying either in person or by letter to SIMEON W. KING, United States Commissioner und Government Passport Agent, Oftice, 107 Clark-st., Chicago. Il. BIRDS, &c. ay, We offer for sale, for necount of the ‘owner, a su- erd, richly-tinished #35 uctave Stelnway Square frand Piano. in perfect order, und pructicayy equal tonew. Original price 21,0W. but will be sold"tfor less than half thatamount. Guarantee unlimited. LYON & HEALY, Stute and Munroe-sts. * BUSINESS CARDS. Fancy Leather Goods. Western Leather 1f’g Co. NG & DRESSING CA! --first-st., has a fine stock of goods In House- fold Artuad Vioutoeeping Coodsin tsjolisn, Chi Stone China, Gless-Ware, Stone-Ware, ‘Mn, an Wooden-Ware, ‘Housekeepers will consult their in- terest and save 10102 percent by giving him a call. Goods first-class. Kine stock Stationery and Notions, Clothes Cleaning! Goto JOHN JONES, 119 Dearborn-st. ESTABLISHED 1585, “To Rent Jarre wel lght WipocgtHehied Boom for Oftice or Went’ usiness pr i all ther kinds,Cages,Gold ‘f KAEMPFER, 227 Clark-st BIRDS GERMAN CANARIES, 268 WABASH-AV. The Tobey. Furniture ¢ Have now in their Ware- rooms the largest and finest display of CHAMBER SUITS ever shown in this country. PARLOR, LIBRARY, DINING-ROOM, HOTEL, and OFFICE FURNITURE in equal variety. All at the LOWEST POS- SIBLE PRICES. State & Adams-sts Factory, Jefferson and Randolph-sts, FURNITURE! H, & M. NEUBERGER, 211 & 213 Wabush-av. We most respectfully solicit our Friends and the Public in general to see our large stock of Furni- ture, and consult their interest by learning our prices before buying elsewhere. H. & M. NEUBERGER, 211 & 213 Wabash-ay. FLOUR. NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION. ‘The firm of PINDELL BHO. & CO., consisting of W. H. and G.W. PINDELI, of Hannibal, Mo., and Joveph 8. and Mary E. Quinn, of Chicago, NL, doing business at the Magnolia Flouring Milla, Hannival, Mo., was this day dissotved by a decree of the United States Circuit Court for the Eastern District of Mis- souri, entered by consent. All blils held against the tirm will be presented to the undersigned for pay- ment, W. IL PINDELL, G. W. PINDELL. TLANSTBAL, Mo., April 2, 1880. We have this day appointed H.c. & C. DURAND, 112, 114, and 116 Lake-st., Sole Agents for this City and vicinity tor the sale of our celebrated FLOUR, “MAGNOLIA HILLS, HANNIBAL, Ho., UNDER THE BRAND MAGNOLIA. ‘The genuine Flour will bave the name of our firm, Pindell Bros. & Co., Hannibal, Mo. ‘The names of our Agents, H. C. & C. DURAND, plainly branded on each barrel. All other four pur- porting to be Magnolia is counterfeit and spurious. W. H. PINDELL, G. W. PINDELL. ‘May 1, 1550. FUR STORAGE, FURS preserved from Moths, stored infire-proof rooms. For perfect safe- ty leave your Furs.or address to send A. B. RUSS & CO., UNDERTABERS, ‘Have removed to Twenty-socond-st,, near Indispa-ay, for them with BARNES, 86 Madi- son-st. (Tribune Building). RELIGIOUS. Ernest Renan’s Fourth Lect- ure on Early Chris- tianity. His Particular Theme Being “Rome, the Capital of Catholicism,” In Which He Traces the Causes Lead- ing to the Papacy. Science ‘¢Atheous” but Not Atheistic— The Latest Definition, General Notes, Personals, Sunday Smnall- Talk, Services To-Day. THREE ELS. ‘They say this life is barren, drear, and cold— Ever the sume sad sony was sung of old~ Ever tho same, long weary tale is told. And to our lips fs held the cup of strife, And yet-—~a little love can sweeten life. ‘They -say our hands may gtasp but joys de- stroyed— H Youth has but dreams, and age an aching void, Whose Dead Sea fruit long, lone ago has cloyed, Whose night with wild tempestuous sstorms is rife— a And yet a little hope can brighten life,’ They sny we fling ourselves in wild dospair Amidst tho broken treasures seattered there, Whore all ts wreekod, where all once promised ry And stab ourselves with sorrow's two-edged nifo— And yet a little patience strengthens life. Is it then true, this tale of bitter grief, of mortal anguish finding no relief? Lot midst the winter shines the [uurel’s leaf: dhree augels shure the lot of human. strife, ‘Three angeis glorjfy the puth of lite. Love, Hope, and Patience cheer us on our way, Love, Hope, and Patience form our spirit’s stay, Love, Hoo, and Patience watch us day by day, And bid the desert bloom with bouuty vernal, Hn the carthly fades in the eternal. —Lemple Bar. aes ERNEST RENAN. “ROME, THE CAPITAL OF CATHOLICISM" —Hg FOURTH LECTURE IN LONDON. On Wednesday, April 14, M. Ernest Rénan de- livered the fourth and last lecture of his series at St. George's Hall, London, taking for his theme “Rome, the Capital of Catholicism.” It was Rome's rausterpiece to have succecded shortly before the accession of Antoninus in making all butuntversal the belief that Peter and Paul had founded Christianity at Rome in per- Tectly mutual accord, and hid seuled there this work with thoir blood. Rome's ecclesiastical destiny wus fixed from that time. In Christian dress, she was still to play through a new series of centuries her purt—regere imperio pop- ulos. Under Antoninus and Marcus Aure- lius Rome's greatness culminated, her reign over the world seemed undisputed, no cloud was seen on the horizon. The centre of a Catholic orthodoxy of the future was plainly there. Plus had succeeded Hyginus, and wasas firm in safeguarding the purity of the faith. Cerdon, Marcion, Valentinus, Mar- cellinus were banished from the Church by Pius. Under Antoninus the germinal bud of the Papa- cy was already well set. The Roman Church grew more and more indifferent to those hollow speculations in which Grecks, seething with in- tellectual uctivity, but filled with the reverics of the East, took such delight. The organiza- tion of the Christian society was the great busi- ness at Rome. Caring little for speculation, bit- | torly hostile to doctrinal novelties, her trained practical genius was watching over the develop- ment of discipline and the hierarchy. What wus created about 120-130 mm the Christian Church was the Episcopstc. But the creation of the Episcopate was eminently the work of Rome, But the ecclesia presupposes a little hiorarchy, a burean, as Frenchmon now say, consisting of a President, assessors, and a lim- ited number of subordidates. The democratic clubs carefully make provision that these func- tions should be as much restricted as possible in both time and attributes; but the result of this is something precarious in their nature which puts an end to the club as soon as tho circum- stances which created it have ceased to exist. ‘The Jewish synagogs have ‘much more contin- uity, although the synagoral office-bearers havo never attained to the rank of a clergy. . ‘The presbyteri (seators), or episcop! (officers, inspectors), became very early the anly repre- sentatives of the Church, and almost immediate- ly afterwards another revolution of still greater importance was brought about. Betwcen the presbyteri or episcopi there was one who, by habitually seating himself in the President's chair, absorbed the powers of the rest, and be- came the episcopos or the presbyteros in a proéminent sensv. The worship contributed powerfully to crystallize tnis unity. Tne cuchar- istie act could only be celebrated by a single person, and Invested the celebrant with extremo importance. This episcopos,in a marvelously short time, became the head of the Presbyter- ate, and consequently of the whole Church. His cathedra, placed on high and hav- ing ,the form of an armchair, became a chair of honor—the symbol of the primacy. Each Chureb had thenceforward but one pres- byteros in chief, who was called in a sense ex- elusive of the rest episcopos. Besides this Bishop were seen deacons, widows, a council of presbyterf; but the great step was taken; the Bishop bad become the sole successor of the ‘Apostles; the lay bellever had totally disap- peared. Apostolicu! authority deemed to be transmitted by the imposition of hands nad smothered the authority of the brotherhood. ‘The Bishops of the different Churches were aft- erward to join hands, and to make the universal Church into a sort of oligarchy, which would hold assemblies, pass _consures on its own mein- bers, decide questions of faith, und form by it- self i power truly sovereign. Within a century this change was almost accomplished. When Hegesippus traveled througbout Christendom in the latter hulf of the second century he nolonger saw anything but the Bishops; for him every- thing wus question of canonical succession; the living opinion of the Churches no longer ex- isted. ‘This revolution was not completed with- out protest; and the uuthor of the * Pastor,” for example, still tries to uphold agninst the grow- ing authority of the prelutes the primitive equal- ity of the presbyteri. But the aristocratic ten- deney ended by ‘winning the day. On one side the shepheras, on the other the flock. The prim- itive equality ‘existed no longer; to speak truly, its durution was but ephemeral; the Church thenceforth was but un instrument of its helins- men, and these held their power not from the fellowship, but by spiritual inheritance, by 2 transinission pretending to reach buck to the Apostles in anunbroken fine. One felt that the representative system would neyer become in nny degree whatever the law of the Christian Church, It was the Episcopate which, without any intervention of the civil power, without amy support, from the policeman or the tribu- nuls.set order above liberty Ina society based at first upon individual inspiration. ‘The Church thenceforward dominates the in- dividual, drives hita at need from her bosom. Inu short time the Church, an unstable and shitting body, mes persunified in the elders, the powers of the Church become the powers of a clergy which is the dispenser of all interme- diary acts of grace between God and the be- liever. Inspiration passes from the individual to the community. The Church has become everything in Christianity; one step more and the Bishop becomes everything in tke Church. Obedience to the Church, afterwards to the Bishop. becomes the first of dutfes; to lodge an appeal is to prove oneself in the wrong. Schism isto be henceforth for the Christian the worst of crimes. In one sense it might be suid that this wus decay,a decline in that spontancity which had hitherto proved so mightily cre- ative. It was plain that Churck forms were about to absorb, to smother, the work of Jesus, that all free munifestations would soon be brought to a standstill. Under the censorship of the Epitenpate speaking with tongues, prophecy, the manufacture of legends, the production of new sacred books would be faculties dried up; spiritual gifts would be re- duced to the rank of official sacraments. Mean- while, regurded in another way, such u transfor- mation was she essential condition of the might- iness of Christianity. “the Apostles and their immediute Vicars wielded an uncontested sway over ail the Churches. But the Bpiscopate was deemed the heir of the Apostolic powers. The Apostles re- mained alive, and governed after their death. ‘The idea that tho President of the Church holds his mandate from the members of the Church who have nominated him was not met with once in the literature of that time. The Church thus escaped, in virtue of the supernatural origin of its power, the decrepitude inherent in all deleguted authority. A. legislative an executive authority might spring from the ‘crowd, but sacraments, dispensutions o! heavenly grace, have nothing to do with uni- versal suffrage. Such privileces come from Heaven, or, according to the Christian formula, from Jesus Christ, the sourve of all grace and all good. M. Renan went on to e that Bishop bad’‘never beon really eloecn ene whole brotherhood. ‘The designation by the Holy Ghost, that is the'secret resort to elections cering maneuvres, the excuse for which was an extreme naiveté, suificed for the spontancous enthusiasm of the first Churches. When. tho Apostolic nge was over and had to be replaced by ecclesiastical authority of tho nature of Right Divine, it was the presbyters who chose their President from among thomselves, and submitted his name to the acclamation of the people, Since feelers as to how opinion was running were always Put forth befcre taking the vote of the laity by a show of hands, theirsut- frago sank into a formulity, but it kept alive tho remembrance of the evangelical ides, according to which the Spirit of Jesus dwelt in the commu- nity at large. The deacons were chosen by episcopal’ nomination vatidated by a like opular formality. It was a genera! Church luw that the inferior never nominated his superior. It is this which gives the Church of to-day, in spite of modern democratic tenden- cies, Sich an overwhelming reactionary energy. It wes in the Pauline Churches that the hierarchical and episcopal movement was espectally felt. Tho Jewish Christian Churches, less instinet with life, remained synagogs, and drifted less decidedly towards olericalism. Ac- cordingly it was by writings foisted on St. Paul, such as the ‘canonical Pastoral Episties, that the hierarchical system was fortified, al- though several passages of his genuine letters already preached respect for a hie iy of presbyters. The forger of the Epistles to ‘Titus and Timothy was unacquainted With the Acts of the Apostles, and had but a vague knowledge of Paul's travels. The three Pastoral Epistles were vam pies same ny ae were probably written at me, pre! ruling the spurious Decrotals. H P repel Rome was the spot where this great idea of catholicity was developed. Day by'‘day Rome. was becoming more and more, as the successor of Jerusalem, the religious centre of humanity. This Church enjoyed a generally recognized primacy, based on her assumed double descent trom Peter and Paul, the fismulus and Remus of the new Holy City. The Bishop of Rome be- came known as the’ Bishop of Bishops, the one who enjoyed the right of admonishing tho oth- ers, and ‘even the right of excommunicanon. ‘This was Instanced in the heretication of the Artemonites, n sort of premature Arians, who had some grounds for deeming themselves wronged in being thus punished for believing what the whole’ Roman Church held down to Pope Victor's days (c. A. D. 190). ‘The learned lecturer proceeded to argue that even the spirit whieh in.1810 procluimed Papal Infallibility was already very ¢leurly recognizable from the close of the Second century. The fragmeutar, Muratori Canon, for instance, written about 18), shows us Rome feterminmy for the Churches the Codex of Scripture. Irenwus refutes all the heresies on the authority of what Rome belicved, which Chureh he styles “the greatest, oldest, most illustrious, possessing by unbroken suc- cession the true traditions of the Apostles Peter and Paul, the Chureh to which, in virtue of its primacy, all the rest of the Chureh was bound to have recourse.” ‘The immense churitics which this very weulthy. Church distributed throughout the world grently helped to con- solidate her authority. This practice had no doubt come down from the days of old. M. Renan further traced the history of this carly Papul supremacy under Pope Cornelius, in the third century iuterfered so enerycticuily in the Novatian controversy, both in Africa and Italy. Sometime the reins of’ discipline were so tightly strained that they threatened to snap, 1s in Victor 8 high-handed proceedings in the Easter controversy, of which a sumewhat: detailed sketch was given, including an necount of tho kind of concordat, embodying “the principle of mutual tolerance, agreed to between Polycarp and Pope Anfeetus in 154. When at tne close of the century Victor disturbed this settlement by denouncing the Oriental Easter praxis, Ireneus mediated between the two parties, and Victor was strongly censured by even the Western Churches for prematurely’ stretching his crozier over tho East. Polycrates, Bishop of Ephesus, was Victor's most redoubtable antagonist. ‘The Church was already making court to the Empire. Through. politeness, doubtless, but algo by very legitimate deductions from her principles, she was very glad to buve it believed, contrary to the fact, that certain Emperors had not been absolutely opposed to Christianity. Stories were told that ‘Iberius had wished to put Jesus among the gods. It was very untruly said that Hadrian and Antoninus had sought to make reparation for the eruelties of Nero and Domitian, Tertulln said the same of Marcus Aurelius, Tertullian doubted, indeed, whethor any one cou!d be both Cusar and Christian. But a century afterwards no such incompatibility struck anybody, and Constantin’ was to prove that Molito showed himself 2 mun of profound sugacity on the day on which he distinguished so clearly, a century and a half before the time, athwurt the procousular persecution, the figure of uChristian Emperor. The hatred of Chris- tlanity and the Empire was that of a pair bound to love one another. Under the Severi the language of the Church remained what it was under the Antonines,—plaintrve and ten- der. The apologists Iaud the Church as Legitimist; she was ever the first to salute the rightful Emperor. No pretender like Cussius, ‘Albinus, Niger, for a Christian! In point of fact, this assumed worship of legitimacy was the worship of success. ‘This correct attitude of tho Church in regard to civil power was dictated quite as much by outward necessities as-by her principles. The Church was already a powerful associntion, and ‘as suck her bent was uaturally conservative: she needed order and legal guar. untees. This was illustrated by the history of Aurelian’s decision of the action of efectment brought against the brilliant herestarch, Paul of Samosuta, Bishop of Antioch. The Emperor adjudged the Episcopul Palace to Puul’s ortho- dox rival, the litigant favored by Rome and all Italy... It'was becoming clear that Christianit; and the Empire could not live without eaci otter ‘The world wanted a religion’ Of conte: utlons, churches, or synayogs, a religion whose Essence wus brotherhood, Christianity fulfilled all these conditions. Its udinirable worship, its pure morality, its wisely o: ized clergy assured it the future. Several times in the third century this historical necessity tended to become a reality, especially under the Syrian Emperors, and the ecclesiasticism which they favored scemed to promise a peace made, not, is under Constantine, by the total defeut of one of the parties, but by'a broad reconoiliation. The struggle became a deadly one when those great reformers, animated by the old spirit, Diocletian and Maximian, believed themselves able to re- endow the Empire with a new life by keeping to the nurrow circle of Homan ideas. “The Church triumphed by means of ber martyrs; Roman pride “stooped; Constantine saw ‘the hidden might of the Church; the populations of Asia Minor, Syria, Thrace, Macedonia,—in a word, of tho eastern partof the Empire, were already more thin half Christian. He le the whole Empire Christian. From the Occidental point of view this might astonish us, for in the West the Christians were butn wexk minority. But in tho Eust Constantine's policy was not only natural but imperative. One remarkable thing was Rome's temporary eclipse in consequence of the removal of the seat of the Empire to Con- stantinople, and still more remarkable was the manner In which, under the politic inspiration of such Popes ‘as Sylvester, Dumusus, and Gregory the Great, she struggied through her dark centuries and emerged stronger than ever when Charlemayne restored the Western Empire. In conclusion Mr. Renan said: Belfef cunnot be had to order; we believe whut we believe to be true; it is ut no man’s pleasure to bold as true what be bus been Jed, right or wrong, to find false. ‘'o refuse freedom of thought is a kind of contradiction in terms. But from free- dom of thought to the freedom of saying out what one thinks there is but a step. “For the right of all is the same; I have no right to for- bid anybody to say what he thinks: but nobody has the right to forbid me to speak as I think. See here is a theory which will seem a very poor ‘one In the eyes of ‘the transcendent doctors who fancy themselves in possession of nbsolute truth. We have them at agreat advantage, ladies and gentlemen. To be‘fogical, they are obliged to be persecutors: ns for us, we have leave to be tolorunt, tolerant towards all, even towards those who, if they had the power, would be anything but tolerant towards us. Yes, let us not finch from thi8 paradox,—tberty {s"the deadliest weupon against the foes of ‘liberty. Some teli us in all frankness, “ We accept liberty from you because you owe it us according to your own principles, but you shall get nothing df the kind at our bands, for we do not owe it you.” Very well; let us give them Uberty nil the same, and Iet us not-dmugine we shail be worsted in the bargain. liberty is the grand solvent of all fanatleisitt By claiming liberty for my foe, for him who would stamp me out if be could, I muke him really the most fatut of all presents.’ I oblige him to swallow a strong drink which will turn his brain, while I keep mine steady. Science can stand the maniy training of liberty; fanaticism, superstition, cannot stand it. We do more harm to dogmat- ism by treating {t with implacable sweetness than by persocuting It By this sweetuess, we tench tho very truth which cuts up all dogimnt- ism by tho roots—numely: that every metaphys- ical controversy is barren, and that in questions of this kind the truth foreach man is what be thinks he geta.a glimpse of. The great thing Is not to silence dangerous teaching, gag such and such a disvordant voice: the great thing wanted is to put men's minds into such good temper that the masses may see the emptiness of these angry squabbles. "When this temper becomes tho atmosphere of society the fanatic wili find he can hardly breathe in it any longer. He finds himself benten by the gencrul softness. If, In- stead of leading Polyeuctus to punishment, the magistrate, with a smile and shake of the band, ‘nad sent hii home, Polyeuctus would not have been euught oifending aguin; perhaps in his old age he would even have laughed at his escapade and would have become a sensible man. SCIENCE NOT ATHEISTIC, ‘A NEW WORD TO EXPRESS ITS POSITION. Popular Science Munthly. We recommend those thoughtless theologians who think they are doing God service by array- ing modern physical science against Him and charging that it is atheistic, to read the article entitled “ God and Nature,” by the Lord Bishop of Carlisle. He utters a timely and much-needed rebuke to his careless brethren on this subjeot. ‘We have been amazed at the fatuity of many divines in the course they have pursued upon this questioa. Their predecessors have been more wise, and have gencrally recognized that “ the stady of nature led up to nature’s God”; but now, on the contrary, we are assured that the study of nature leads to the dental of God. What on carth our theological friends are to gain by spreading the beiicf that physical sci- ence is fundamentally irreligious by renouncing and subverting all conceptions of the Deity, wo areata fo understand. Physical science is not to be put down in this way. It is a greaw phase of man’s mental progress and is destined to Increase in influence in an accelerating ra- Uo. Thereisno doubt, furthermore, that ite stowth isan invasion of the domain illegiti- mately held by theology in the past, and threat- ens the nscendency of theologicul systems and ideas. It is hardly to be expected that professed theologians can view this change with com- Placency, but that affords no excuse for getting into a passion with science, and striving to array religious prejudices against it. Our friends should not forget that the “modern science * upon which they expend their denunciations is Rgreat body of accredited and impregnable truth, and that it is a somewhat serious matter to declare and reiterate the accusation that it ig atheistic in its spirit and intluence, How far is this from asserting that the demonstrative truth of nature fs uguinst the existence of God! qrand if scientitic men reply to the theologian, Very well, you know best,” where will rest the respoisibitity? ‘The Bishop of Carlisle secs that this is a mis- taken policy. Ho cays: “It is not desirable that the swprosch. of atheism should be thrown about rash! and, what is more important, he Points out that as commonly done it {s not true. A bist slight examination of the conditions of thought in scientific pursuits forbids the current theological conclusions. He draws a valid dis- tinction between the legitimate, proper, and logical attitude of the scientitic mind: toward the conception of Deity and the atheistic state of mind; and he strives to mark this distinction b} the introduction of a new term. He says: “{¢ seems to me that We want a new word to express the Yact that ull physical scfence, properly so called, is compelled by its very nature to take. no uccount of the being of God; as soon as it does this it trenches upon theology and ceases to be physical science. It I might coin a word, I should say that science was athcous, and there- fore could not be atheistic,—that 13 tosay, its in ¥estigutions and reusonings are by agreement conversant simply with observed facts und con clusions drawn trom them, and in this sense it is uthcous, -or without recognition of God. And because it is 4p, it does not in any way trench upon theism dr theology, aud cannot be athels- tle, or in the condition of denying the being of God. ‘Take the case of physical astronomy. ‘To the mathematigian the mechauics of the heavens are no way aifferent from the mechanics of a clock. It {s true that the clock must havo had a maker: but the mathematician who fnvestigutes any problem. connected with its mechanism bas nothing to do with him as such. The spring, the wheels, tho escapement, and the rest of the works are all in their proper places somehow, and it matters nothing to the mathematician how they came there. “Asa mathematician the investigator of clock-motion takes no account of the existence of clockmukers; but he does not deny their ex- istence; he hag no hostile feeling toward them: he may be on the very best terms with many of them; it may be that at the request of one of them who has invented some new movement, he has undertaken the investigutions. Precisely in the same-way the man-who investigates the mechunics of the heavens finds a complicated system of motion, a number of bodies mutually attracting exch other and moving according to certain. assumed awe. {n working Gut the re- sults of his assumed laws, the mathematician has no reason to consider how tho bodies came tobe as they are: that they are as they are 1s not only enough for him, but it would be utterly. beyond his province to inquire how they came soto be. Therefore, so fur as his investigations are conceraed, there is no God; or, to use the Word ubove suggested, his investigations are athecus. But they are not atheistic." For the further working out of this concep- tion in his article, the Bishop must be held re- sponsible. We only cull attention to the post- tion here assumed, ag illustrating the progress of @ liveral and rational theology. “CHURCH DRY-ROT.” “ARE THEY DYING OF RESPECTABILITY?” To the Editor of The Chicago Tribune. Cmcaco, May 1.—The above is the heading of an article from the Interior which you published just Sunday morning. It refers to the Presby- terian churches fn this city. The following are the opening woras: : ‘What is the matter with our city churches? Are they dying of respectability? We have nine less of our denomination. in Chicago than we bad ten years ago.” ‘This certatoly is a very remarkable admission in regard to the great leading denomination of which the Interior is the spicy and very able organ. That paper attributes the fall! off to the Sunday papers, prevailing Deoptlataee, rich churches, and sundry other reasons; but ‘there is a cause which ifes much deeper, and it has had a far more commanding intluence in crippling the energies of Presbyte- rianism, and forging the churches to consolidate tWo or more into one, or to dig out altogether. The Interior hus surely not forgotten the cele= brated heretical trial a few years since, in which one of the most eloquent and able divines of the Presbyterian Church was driven out of it. Now Jet Dr. Gray come over to Central-Hall and min- gle with Prof. Swing's splendid congregation, © and he will sce what is the cause of the “dry: rot’ resbyterianism in Chicago. It 1s not Pres~ byterian. doctrine to which the great public ob=~ Ject; but that faith as expounded and repre- sented by rigid churchmen that rests like an iu~ cubus upon the energies of the Presbyterian Church in Chicago. Swing was sustainea by a vote of forty-five of tho leading divines and eld- ers of the city, while only ifteen antiquated relics sustained sixteenth century bigotry. Upon these-leuding divines and churches of Chicago the succeeding General Assembly at Pittsburg hurled a most outrageous and gratuitous Insult. Thut squelched, fora generation ut leust, the razressive energies of the Presbyterian Church in this city. Intelligent thinking men say if these are now the teachings uf the grand old .. Presbyterian Church, we will have none of them, Individual churches under such able pastors 23 Drs. Gibson, Mitchell, and Kittredge have bad ® reasonable prosperity; but the fulling out of nine churches in ten years past tells the whole story of the mildew, “the dry-rot,” that rests upon the Presbyterian cause in this city, and the trinl referred to is the direct cause of it. The condition of the Presbyterian Seminary on the North Side is a convincing illustration of the same thing. Itecently three of its Professors Iwere asked to resign, because the institution was in debt, had no funds to pay them, and the churches would not come down with any more money. So long a8 cast-iron theology reigns there, very little, if any, improvement can be expected. The Presbyterians of this city and the Northwest do not want, and will not have, a large delegation of young: clergymen educated under such influences. If the Interior wishes to regain the nine churches it bas lost, and that its Theological Seminary shail become a large, prosperous, useful, and popular fnstitu- tion, the theology of two centuries ago “must go. . PRESBYTERIAN. GENERAL NOTES. The Chicago Baptist Association will meet in the Centennial Church June 8. ‘The Central West Association of Congrega- tionalists meets ut Elmwood Muy 4. The Fox River Association of the Universalist Church will meet at Aurora June 9, 10, and 1L. Arrangements are on foot for a Pan-Preaby- - terian Council in Philadelphia next September. The Westminster Church at’ Leavenworth, Kas., has recently lifted the heavy dept in- | curred by the erection of its large and elegant house of worship. The American Missionary has passed into the hands of the Rev.C.C. Puinter, a3 editor and business manager. He recently oceupieda chair in Fisk University. 2 Bishop Robertson, in the. Church News, advo- cates the Inw of the English Church forbidding any chunye te be made in the chancel ar- rangements of a church, after consecration, without the consent of the Bishup. Among many of the stricter of the Methodist brethren there is much dissatisfuction at the proposition fo hold the General Conference in a theatre. Pike's Opera-House in Cinciunari bus been selected, and the old-fashioned Methodists hold up their hnads in holy horror. first annual report of the Society for the Encouragement of Moderation in Delakiog states that more than 22,000 pledges have been secured through the Society’s efforts, and one- fourth of these bound the signers to total ab- stinence. Besides this, 4,000 men pledged them- elves not to drink during business hours, and 13,000 agreed not to * stand treat" or be treated. The American Sunday-Schoot Union will hold its fifty-sixth annive: May l1_ in Broadway ubernacle. New York. 1e Speakers ure: The E. P. Goodwin, D. D., of Chicayzo; the Rev. S.J. Niccolls, D. D., of St. Louis; und the Rev. Ruen Thomas, D. D.,of Brookline, Mass. Allof - these gentlemen are familiar with the practical operations of the Society on the fleld, having examined {t personaily. The Union established 1,277 new Sunduy-schools last year, and alded. 2,903 old schools. Copies of the unoual report of the anufversary cun be had free of charge ut the American Sunday-School Union, 73 Handolph street, Chicago. zi The annivers: exerolsesof the Alumni Asso ciation of the Chicago Baptist Theological Sem- inary at Morgun Park will take place Tuesday evening, May 11, at the First Buptist Church, commencing at 8 o'clock. The Rev. J.T. Jack- son, of Aurora, Tll., will preach the sermon, and the Rev. Robert Leslie, of Waukesba, Wis,, will read a puper entitled “The Missionary “Sacn" The.talented Carman Family have been engaged to furnish the music. The annual business Toceting will be held at 7 o'clock of that evening. itis of great importance that the iectine be well attended. ‘The annual dinner will beserved at the Palmer House on Thursday, May 13, at 2 pm, Tickets, $l. ‘The Third Unitarian Church, on the West Side, has taken a fresh and hopeful start. Tals eburch was organized in November, 1363, ander the pastorate of the Rev. Carlton A. Staples, who is still affectionately remembered bya large circle of friends. Last yeyr the Society wus without a pastor; but fora short season they enjoyed the kind services of the Revs. Robert Collyerand Brooke Herford on Sunday after- noons. Since Jan. 1 the Kev. FE. L Galvin has © conducted regular Sunday-afternoon services and attended to the pastoral work. The Society has an attractive church-edifice, finely locuted: + Within the past month they have paid $1,000 on -