Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 26, 1880, Page 12

2 THE CHICAGD TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 1880—TWELVE PAGUS. t veyed an erroneous impression, that he will Government aid, some progress is at last BADWAY'S READY RELIEy, THE OUTER HARBOR. What the Illinois Central Has Been Doing There. What It Claims, and the Laws under i Which It Claims It. ‘The Projected Lumber-Market, and How It Is to Be Reached. How Far Ont the Railroad Oan Go—The City’s Jurisdiction. Will the City Nake an Effort to Ascertain What Its Rights dre? ‘The recent application of the Minois Cen- tral Railroad Company to the Council for permission to build a viaduct over its tricks trom the foot of Randolph street, ad the in- “troduction of an ordinance by Ald. Ballard yemoving the cargo lumber market from the foot of Franklin street to the outer harbor; —that portion of the Illinois Central dockase surrounding Slip “C,”—have revived the public interest in the Lake-Front, and plant- ed in the minds of many of the city officials an impression that these two movements are tobe used simply as an entering wedge to the eventual occupancy of the LakeFront by the railway corporation. In this connec- tion A RESUME OF ALL THE LEGISLATION affecting and defining the rights of the Illi- nois Central Railroad to a Jocation on the Lake-Front cannot fail to be of iitterest. At the session of the Legislature in the winter of 1851 2 charter was granted to, Nebert Schuyler, George Griswold, Gouv- erneur Morris, Franklin Haven, David A. Neal, Robert Rantoul, Jr., Johathan Sturgis, George W. Laidlow, John F. A. Sanford, Henry Grinnell, William Ti. Aspinwall, Leroy Wiley, and Joseph Alsop, under the title of the “ Illinois Central Railroad Com- pany,” to build a railroad from the southern terminus of the Illinois & Michigan Canal— the City of La Salle—to a point at the City of Cairo, with a branch of the same to the City of Chicago, on Lake Michigan; and also a branch via the City of Galena to a point on the Mississippi opposit Dubuque, Ja.“ The said corporation shall have the right of way upon, and may appropriate to its sole.use and control forthe purposes contemplated herein, Jand not exceeding 200 feet in width through its entire length; may enter wpon and take possession of end use all and singular any Jands, streams, aud-materials of every kind for the location of depots and stopping stages, for the purpose of constructing bridges, dams, embankments, excavations, station-grounds, spoil Manks, turn-outs, en- ginehouses, shops, and other buildmgs necessary for the construction, completing, altering, majntaining, preserving, and com- plete%operatidn of said road. All'such lands, waters, materials, and privileges belonging the State are hereby granted to said corpo- ration’ for said purposes,” but where owned by private persons, and cannot be obtained by voluntary ut or release, the same may bi condemned in accordance with the pro- sions of the act of Nov. 5, 1839; but nothing in this act contained shall anthor- ize said corporation to makea location of their track within any city wi it sent of the Common Council of sais “See. 10 of the charter further provide 2 the corporation “mn struct their said road and branches over or across any stream of water, witter-course, road. highway, rail- road, or canal which the route of the read J intersect; but the corporation shall re- tore the stream or water-course, road or hizhway thus intersected to its former state, or ina sufficient manner not to have im- paired i A few days later, at the same_session, the mended charter, Known as Judge Man- n unsolidation of* the Jaws relating to was adopted. This gave to the city the power of exercising a police supervision over the harbor for the distance of one mile * which said Railroad Como from the shore line. The Lilinois Central Company accepted the charter, and at once began the construction In the summer of 1852 the Coin- pany asked the Council for A RIGHT OF WAY INTO THE CITY, and June 14 an ordinance was passed which provaled: ‘The said road shall enter said city at ornear the intersection of its south boundary [Thirty- first street} with Lake Michigan, and following the shore, on or near the margircof said Inke, northerly'to the southern bounds of the open space known as Lake Park, in front of Canal Sec. 15, to such grounds asthe said Company 3 n the north line of Randolph. re icazo River, in the Fort, Dear- born Addition 10 said city, upon, which said grounds shall be located the’ depot of said _rail- road within the city, and such other buildings, slips, or apparatus as may be necessary and’ convenient for the business of said Company. hut itis expressly understood that the 4 Chicago docs not. ‘undertake to obtain. for said ‘company any right of way or other right, priv- jcze, or easement. not now in the power of said city to grunt or confer, or toassume any liability or responsibility fur the acts of suid Company. ‘The said Company may enter upon and use in perpetuity for its said line of rond,- and ‘other works necessary to protect the’ same from the lnke, a width of 300 fect from the southern boundary of said public fround near Twelfth street to the north- ern line of Randolph street: the inner_or west line of the ground to be used by said Company 10 be not Jess than 400 tect east from the west Jin of Michigan avenue and parallel thereto. The said Company may extend their works and fill ont into the Jake to 2 point in the southern pier not less than 400 fect west from the present. tend of the same, thence parallel with Mich- n avenue to the north line of Randolph street, extended, but it is expressly understood that the Common’ Council does not grant any rightor privilege bevond the limits abave specified. nor ‘ond the line that may be actnally occupied bythe works of said Company. Jt is further understood that should any damage nh ovenr to the harbor of Chicano. then the said Company shall ble for the same. Sec. 6 provides “tthat in case of the con- struction of an outside harbor, streets may be laid outto approach thé same in manner provided by law, in w! h case the Common Council may regulate the speed of locomo- tives and trains across then.” . 8 of the ordinance further provides: The said Company shall not in any manner nor for any purpose whatever occupy, use. or intrude upon the upen ground known as Lake Park. belonging to the City of@Chicago, lying hetween Michigun avenue and the western or inner line before mentioned, except so faras the Connon Council may consent for the con- venience of said Conipany while constructing or repuiring their works in front of the said ground. In 18%, the Company having largely filled’ out into the lake the space granted by the furveving ordinance, and lying between the extension of the north line of Randolph street and_ the river, asked permission from the Council to FILL IN 4 GONE SHOWN BY DOTTED LINES IN THE MAP, immediately south thereof and east of - its right of way, for the erection thereon of side S, SO aS to obtain ready access to_all parts of the made land before described. The Council took favorable action, and on Sepi. 15 passed the following: ‘rhut permission is hereby granted to the said inois Central Railro: Company to enter upon and use in perpetuity fur its line of railroad and other works necessary to protect the same from the Ieke, the spice ‘between its present breakwater and a line drawn from 2 point on said breakwater 700 feet south of the north line of Itandolph street extended, and running thence in a dircet line to the southeast corner of its present breakwater, and thence to the Provided, however, And this permission is only riven upon the express condition that the portion of said line, which lies south of the north line of Randolpn’street extended, shull be subject to all the conditions and restrictions as to the use of the same us are imposed upon that purt of sald line by the said ordinance of June 1 TSS o further legislation was had by the road, With the exception of an ordinance granting perinission to build a bridge over the river east of Rush street, whgceh was adopted Dec. 1, 18@, until the passage of the celebrated “LAKE-FRONT BILL” * hy the Legislature April 16, 1869, over Gov. Palmer's veto. Th ct eave to the.city all the interest of e of Dlinois in that part of the Lake- vetween the south line of Monroe sirect and Park row, with authority to sell and convey on any terms the City Council might see fit. | an ‘The third section provided that: of the Hlinois Central Railway Com- grunt from the State in its char- gragt constitutes a part of the é ‘RMonroo Rudhon Lake-Front Harbor—Lands Given to and Encroached Upon by the «Illinois Central Railroad. ‘3 considerntion for which the said Company pays to the State at least 7 per cent of its gross earn- ings, and under and by virtue of its appropria- uon, occupancy, use, and control, and the riparian awnersbip incident to such ‘grant, up- propriation, occupancy, usc, and control in end to the lands submerged or otherwise lying east of the suid iine running parallel with and 400 feel east of the west of Michigan avenue, in tfructional Secs. 10 and 15, is hereby con- firmed, and _all the right and title of the State of Illinois in and to the sub- merg lands constituting the bed of Luke Michigan, and lying east of the tracas and breakwater of the Llinois Central Rvilroad Company for the distance of one mile, and be- tween the south tine of the south pier extended eastwardly and a line extended eastwardly from the south line. of Lot 29, south of and near to the round-house and machine-shops of said Company, in the South Division of the said City of City, ure hereby granted in fee to the suid Il- lois Central Railroad Company. its successors and xssigns: Provided, however, That the fee to said land shaH be held by said Company in per- retuity, and that the said Company Shall not five power to grant, sell, or convey the fee to the same, and that all gross reccipts its. leases, or otherwise nll. improvements thereon, mude thereon, part of the gross pro- and income of the said Railroad Company, upon shall forever pny into the State Treasury semi-annually the feevenl per centuin provided for in its charter, in accordance with, the requirements of said charter: And provided, also, That nothing herein contained shall authorize obstructions to the Chicago burbor or impair the public right to navigation, nor shall this act, be construed to exempt the Illinois Central Railroad Company, its lessees, or assigns, from any act of the Gen- eral Assembly which may be hercutter passed regulating the rates of wharfage and dockage to be charged in suid harbor: And provided, fur- ther, Thut any of the lands hereby granted to the Mlinois Centra] Railroad Company and the im- provements now or which may hereatter be pn the sume. which shall hereafter be leased by suid Illinois Central Railroad. Company to any person or corporation, or which may hereafter be occupied by uny person or corporation other than the said Illinois Central Railroad Company, shall not during the continuance of such leas hold estate or of such occupancy be exempt from municipal or other taxation. See. 4 provides that— Ali the right and title of the State of Minois in and to the lands, submerged or_otherwise, ly- ing north of the south line of Monroe street, and south of the south line of Randolph strect, and between the cast line of Michigan avenue and the track and roadway of the Illinois Central Itailrond Company, are hereby granted in fee to the Illitiois Central, the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy, and the Michigan Central Railroad Companies, their successors and assigns, for the erection thereon of a passenger depot, and for such other purposes as the business of snid Com- panies may require: Provided, That upon all ross receipts of. the Ilinois Central Ruilroad Company, from leases of its interest in said rounds or improvements thercon, or other uses of the same, the percentum provided in the charter of said Company shall forever be paid, in conformity with the requirements of said charter. Secs. 5 and 6 require the payment by the three railroad companies mentioned to the city the sum of $800,000, in three from __use, profit of said lands, or Ilinvis — Central 18200, months from the passage of the act (April 16, 1869), $200,000 within six months, $200,000 within nine. months, and the remaining $200,000 within twelve months; and empower the'city to quit-claim and release to the three Railroad Companies mentioned all its claims to and interest in the property mentioned be- tween Monroe and Randolph streets, which the city may have by virtue of any expendi- ture or improvements thereon, and in case the city refuse to make such quit-claim with- in four months from the passage of the act, then the Companies shall be discharged from all obligation to pay the balance remaining ‘unpaid. The above act of April 16, 1869, was re- pealed April 15, 1873. As will beseen from the accompanyin; map of the depot grounds and that portion o the line north of Adams street, THE PROPOSED VIADUCT will start from a point thirty feet east of the northeast corner of Michigan avenue and Randolph street, and proceed east, deflecting slightly northwards ov the tracks and turnouts, to a point about 300 feet west of. Slip C,—the terminal points of the structure being represented by the letters A and B. In Slip C there is accommodation for a large Jumber fleet. The railroad tracks run along the water's edge, and the facilities for un- Juading from the vessels into ears are unsur- passed in this city. Owing, however, to the numerous tracks which intersect South Wa- ter street,—the only entrance to . the slip,—on which freight-trains of the Ainois Central, Michigan Central, and Baltimore — & | Ohio, and all the connecting lines in this city are constantly moving, the Iumbermen have expressed a de- cided antipathy to moving their business there, thus relieving the main river at Frank- lin street; because of the attendant danger to life and limb. Hence the dock property does comparatively little business, produces a small revenue to what it might obtain, and compels the three railroad companies named. to send their cars several miles up the river to other docks, which, while less accessible, do not present the same dangers. This the viaduct will at onee remove on its comple- tion. The managers of the Ilinois Central emphatically deny that they have any ulterior view. and that the absorption of the Lake- ront between Randolph and Monroe streets never entered into their calculations for one moment. They insist that the erection of the viaduct will be entirely on their own proper- ty, and can in no way affect the riparian and other rights now enjoyed by them. They ‘Simply seek to pm UP 4 LARGE LUMBER MARKET in the outer harbor, with which the entire system of the Northwestern Road can have easy access by means of the bridge now in process of erection across the main river east of Rush street, thus doing away with the roundabout transfer by way of the “cross- ing” at Sixteenth street. z The building up of this market will greatly telieve the main river at Franklin stree which during a rush renders the passage 0} grain-vessels to and irom the elevators on the North and South Branches exccedingly tortuous, and at times decidedly dangerous. It will also bea boon to the trade, in that where cargoes are sold to be placed on board the cars, there will be no occasion for towing from Franklin street to any of the railway docks. In this respect there.will be both a saving of time as well as of _tow-bills, two quite expensive items. One other great benefit to be derived in the transfer of the hunber market, and with it the conse- quent large amount of lumber-piling, will be the part removal of a source of danger which is constantly threatening the southwest quar- ter of the city,—the possibility of a large con- flagration in the lumber district, which, un- der ausvices similar to those of October, 1571, might again reduce the greater portion of the city to ashes. Tt will not, however, b2 practicable to do much with the outer harbor, say the Govern- ment Engineers, until another north and south breakwater, parallel with the present one, has been constructed. At present, when- ever there is a strong northeaster, the waves dash over the breakwater with such violence that it would be impossible for vessels an- chored inside to unload or load, and in case of a very severe storin they might be exposed. to much danger. Still another breakwater— and a costly one at that—will_ be needed be- fore the outer harbor can be fully utilized. ‘The heavy dotted lines on the map indicate the property rights originally granted to the Illinois Central Railroad by the ordinances of 1852 and 1856. It will be- seen, however, that the Company has largely =, GONE BEYOND THE LIMITS thus defined, and has extended its territory even unto where the water-line is indicated. This absorbtion covers at a rough estimate somewhere in the vicinity of twenty acres, and is of immense value. The great bulk of this, if not almost all of it, has been taken possession of by the Company under the pro- visions of the “ Lake-Front Bill” of 1869. The subsequent repeal of this act, the Com- any says. cannot affect its riparian rights. it maintains that it is a well-established principle in law that the land under navigable waters, to which no__ private owner. has any claim by virtue of his land abutting on the water’s edge, be- longs to the State, and not to the. Federal Government, with the limitation, however, that nothing shall _be done to it to interfere with navigation. When the Railroad Com- pany received its charter it was empowered toenter upon and take possession of any State property_on the line of its road to an extent of 200 feet in width for any distance ne ary to the building of the road. The Lake-Front and outer harbor were by act of the Legislature included within the city lim- its to a distance of one mile from the shore line, but the municipal jurisdiction thus con- ferred was of a purely police ‘character. When the right of way across_the naj ble water in front of the Lake Park, which at that time consisted of a strip vary- ing in width from six to twenty feet fromthe east line of Michigan avenue, as then sidewalked with pine plank, was grant- ed, an ex ra strip of 100 feet in width was given to the Railroad Company as 2 quid pro quo for the latter’s erecting a breakwater in front of its right of way from the north line of Randolph street to the city limits, on'the South Side, This was to preserve: the shore from any further abrasion by the action of the waves, which had in years previous washed away large sections of the bank and seriously endangered the existence of Mich- igan avenue. __In the civil law, and thence ithas proceeded into the common law, say the counsel for the IHinois Central Road, the riparian right con- sists simply in. the natural aceretion to the shore-line. It{frequently happens that there is a yearly abrasion of the shore by the action of the wind and water, and what is taken off in one place, finds a lodging elsewhere. Hfence the civil law regarded the nat- ural accretion simply as a recompense for the natural abrasion, and that the one would about equal the other. In the case of navigable water, while the owner of the land abutting thereon has an undoubted right to all the benefits that maybe derived there- from, he can exercise these rights only so Jong as hé does not interfere with navigation and the public weal. The Company does not, however, make it clear that there is no dis- tinction between a casual accretion, winds and waves, anda deliberate add: the actofman. Nor does it fully explain how a mere grant of a right of way 300 feet wide carries With if a right to double that width by fiNing in on one or both sides of that right of way. The State had the undoubted right, say the Company’s lawyers, to grant the Rail- road Company the right of way over any navigabie water within its limits, so long as the property abutting on the shore thereof belonged to the public domain, even if it were the property of the United States. While the grant of right of way did not in express terms carry with it any ripatian right, it was still the opinion of many good Jawyers that the grant cut off the' owner— the general public—from any enjoyment of a riparian privilege, for the reason that the erection of the piling and breakwater pre- vented any further natural accretion to the shore line, and hence the owner was de- barred from exercising any jurisdiction. be- yond the right of way so granted. -They do not shaw, however, that the railroad gained what the property-owner lost. s THE RAWROAD COMPANY CLAIMS FURTHER that whatever doubts in this respeqt did. ex- ist were expressly removed by the passage of the “‘ Lake-Front bill” of 1869. This was ac- cepted by the Railroad Company, which com- plied with all the terms of the act as far as it could. Hence, say the Company’s counsel, the subsequent repeal of the act is of no avail. ‘The whole act, they say, must be looked upon asa contract. The Railroad Company Tas performed its share as far as it could , and no subsequeént action of the Legislature of a re- pealing character can be of ony avail. The State lias each year, since 1869, continuously received from the Railroad Company the 7 percent of the gross revenues Zecruing to the Company in consequence of {ts exercise of these riparian rights. D ‘The railroad companies—Illinois Central, Michigan Central, and Chicago, Burlington & Quiney—make no-definit claim'to the STRIP OF LAND BETWEEN MADISON AND RANDOLPH STREETS and east of Michigan avenue. ie City $800,000 which ie Legis- Council ‘never accepted the $ the companies were authorized by Jature to pay for it. They did pay on account to Mr. Walter Kimball, the then Controller, $200,000, which he refused to accept otherwise than asa trustee for the benefit of the city. Several property-owners on Michigan avenue, in the immediate vicinity, who had _an- ease- mentin that portion of the property north of Madison streef, and believed that, the erection of a depot thereon would seriously dam- age their lands fronting on “Alichigan avenue, applied to the Courts for ai injunc- tion. The United States was madd a_ party to the suit because of its reversionary Tight, and after a long and_ patient hearing Judge Drummond granted the in- Junction. He decided that, in ¥: of the original dedication of the property in ques- ton as public ground to be forever free from buildings, it was not in the power of the State or the city to alienate itfor another pur- pose. Atthe same time he pointed out ot the railroad companies that if they needed the property for depot purposes they could ob- tain it by the usual process of condemnation. Subsequently the Michigan Central and Burlington Roads withdrew their share of the deposit of $200,000, and even now do not evince any particular disposition to enter into the building of a depot in the vicinity. The Illinois Central would probably take the property at $800,000 if a good title could be iven. a jectors are now willing to withdraw their op- position, feeling satisfied that the erec- tion of a depot would be of bene fit to the surrounding property. What action the General Government might, take no one knov It is likely, however, that if the property should ever be taken for depot purposes tite title to it must be obtained by condemnation proceedings. ret ‘i It will be seen from the map that there is a ine BEYOND WHICH THE ILLINOIS CENTRAL CAN- NOT FILL OUT There is, therefore, no fear of the destruc- tion of the outer harbor,—no fear that the Company will fill in up to the outer break- water. “The United States. Government, which has expended large sums of money, will take care of that. Furthermore, the mo- ment any of this property is leased to private parties or to corporations, it becomes subject to municipal taxation. “There appears to be no, question’ of the _ railroad’s right to fill ont to the line established by the Governmen anywhere north of Randolph street, for it towns that property. Between Randolph and Madison 's Fractional Sec. 10,—the . property covered by Judge Drummond’s infuuelion It is forbidden to put up any buildings there, but there is no prohibition in his decision against filling in or laying tracks. South from Madi- son street, in Fractional See. 15, no action has ever been taken to enjoin the Company from doing anything. It appears, however, that it is filling in, and if the city. feels confident of its case, and is convinced ‘that it has riparian rights, it should proceed to enforce them. If some action is not soon taken, the title of the Ilinois Central will become a good one by virtue of occupancy without a protest. ISTHMUS CANAL. Doubts as to the Utility of the Work— Will It Pay for Sailing Vessels to Make Use of the Canal?—Resons for Believing that It Wil Not—Policy the United States Should Pursue. Wasuineroy, D. C., Feb. 20.—Lawrence Smith, of Louisville, Ky., who attended the Panama Canal Congress, at Paris, Jast May, upon invitation of the French Commission, andas the representative of San Francisco and the Chamber of Commerce of that city, and who was Vice-President of the Commit- tee on Navigation and Meteorology, says that sailing vessels which now ply between San Franciseo and Liverpool by way of the Cape could not save Sper cent bygoing through the proposed canal. He bases his statement upon facts which he has been collecting in Europe and Ameriex during the past'year.. While he was in Liverpool, two ships of 1,500 tons each arrived from San Francisco after a passage of 120 days, which is a fairly good voyage in * point of time. In going by way of the Cape, ships keep well out atsea, under the intlu- ence of prevailing east-or west winds, and are troubled very little bycalms. To reach the canal they would be compelled to hug the coast more closely, and would be so much delayed in the vicinity of Panama Jay by calms that the trip would not, in his opinion, be shortened one-fourth. He computes -the cost of a trip of 120 days, putting the value of .1,500-ton vessel and freight at $164,000, at $6,500, insurance included. “Allowing for a difference of one-fourth. in insurance, the cost of the same vessel’s trip of ninety days, by the canal, would be $4,375, or $1,625 in favor of the canal. But at SS penton, the ca- nal tolls on the vessel would be $1,500, turn- ing the scale in favor of the Cape by $2,875. Allowing for the use of capital for thirty days longer,.at 15 per cent on the yalue of the ship and 6 per cent on the value of the cargo, this sun is reduced, but the cost still remains in’favor of the Cape by $1,380. Against this must be ‘set the gain in time. This gain, he believes, has been greatly over- tated, and he asserts that it will be very little for ships sailing from Hong Kong to Europe. Itis admitted that the voyage from the Bay of Panama to California is one of the most vexatious known. _ It is’ said that it takes Jonger to go from Panama to California than from Valparaiso to California. From Jtne to September, calms, squalls, and contrary winds and currents baffle the best seamanship, so that it often happens that twenty miles of westing are not inade in aweek.- Lieut. Maury is reported as having said in 1866 that if some great convulsion of Nature should rend the continentin two at Panama, leaving a free, open channel from ocean to ocean, it would never become a highway for sailing vessels, Mr. Smith says that the estimates made at Paris, of the cost of the Panama and San Blas routes, respectively, were $240,000,000 and $280, 000. It was unanimouslyagreed that questions of navigation must be settled as if the Congress were dealing only with sailing vessels, for the reason that steamers could not be expected to carry the heavy cheap productsand pay, the heavy toll re- quired. Mr, Smith believes that the United States should let the canal severely alone for the present. Senator Gordon’s resolution of protection he regards as a declaration of war to the whole world, with an army of 25,000 men and an insignificant navy behind it, in behalf of a canal that will be of more use to any one else than toourselves. He urges the development of our own territory by high- ways between the two oceans, and the exten- sion of the relations which must exist be- teen our west coastand Asia, and our cast coast and Europe. Great highways from ocean to ocean will furnish, he says, cheap and rapid Hransporiadian forall products ex- ceptthose which are heavy and cheap, and these, he believes, will find their way around Cape Horn, rather than by the costly route of an interoceanic canal, ‘WASHBURNE’S CANDIDACY. We Wil Accopt the Presidential Nom- ination if Gen. Grant’s Success Be- comes Impossible. > Correspondence New York Tribune. WasniINnGton, Feb. 20.—The recent an- nouncements, made apparently with author- ity, by two Chicago journals which advocate the nomination of Gen. Grant, the Indter- Ocean and the Evening Journal, that the ion. E. B. Washburne is not a candidate for the office of President, and that he will not be, have attracted much attention in Wash- ington, and caused no little discussion. Mr. Washburne is very much respected among leading Republicans at the National Capital from all parts of the country;. and, while there cannot be said to be anywhere evidence of a Washburne “boom,” he has been very generally Jooked upon as an avail- able candidate in case those more prominent- ly mentioned should fail. There is, probably, among those whose names have been mentioned as possible can- didates, not one who would ve less objection- able to Republicans of all shades of opinion, in case the favorits should be defeated at the Convention, than the honored ex-Minister to Paris: and it has been no uncommon thing to hear expressions of regret among, Repub ic Ans, during the last few days, that Mr. Was burne should peremptorily. withdraw. _it now turns ont that Mr. Washburne’s at- titude has been partially misrepresented in this particular. ‘The editor of the IUinois Staals-Zeitung, in a recent article which has been read with great interest at the Capital, declares, as: he says, “ With the same assurance with which the Inter- Ocean makes its ‘official? announcement, and from the very same source,”—which is understood to be a declaration by Mr. Wash- burne himself,—“ that Mr. Washburne has simply said that he would _not be a candidate against Gen, Grant; and that, as long as Gen. Grant remained in’ the field, and_as longa there was any prospect of his nomination, he (Washburne) would not be an active candi- date, but would divert to Grant every vote that would otherwise fall to him, in case such vote could be delivered.” This is the position which Mr. Washburne would naturally be expected to hold. His loyalty to Gen. Grant, and his sincere desire for his nomination and election, are doubted by nobody. But, the Staats-Zeitung con- inues:- “Tf Gen. Grant shall yoluntarily withdraw, from the candidacy, or shall not receive a majority of the votes of the Convention, and shall then decline to contest the nomination any further, in that event Mr. Washburne will not refuse to receive the Grant vo! : any other that maybe given him. Mr. V burne will not, as the Jnter-Occan declared, allow his name to be used to divide the Re- publican party, butit is also trug and this the Intcr-Ovean, omitted to sax, and thus con- It is understood that the orignal ob- - not object if the party should be united and strengthened through his nomination.” _in this connection it is proper to say that six members of Congress from Indiana, who favor Gen. Grant's nomination, remarked yesterday that, while Senator Blaine seemed to be getting the delegates in that State, Mr. Washburne seemed also to be growing in popularity, and would be very cordially sup- ported by the Republicans of Indiana. if he should be nominated. ZL. W A CASK OF WINE. Sent to Gen. Grant Without His Ordér —Ho Declines to Pay the Duty. New York Sun. In the Custom-House General Order Store in Hoboken is a cask of wine branded on the head with the name. U. S. Grant. In the Tenth Division of the United States Ap- praiser’s_ Office is a small case of wine on which is inscribed: U.S. GRANT, JR, 126 Brondway, New York The person to whom the cask of wine is consigned is Gen. Grant. The consignee of the case of wine is the second son of the Gen- eral, who has recently established himself in this city as a lawyer. The cask arrived here in the steamship Westphalia on the Lith inst., and the case came by a previous steamship from Bremen. No one has appeared at the Custom-House to enter the cask and the case for the payment of duties, and the qyestion arises whether the Government officers are expected to issue free permits for the delivery of the goods, as has been done in former years with wines, liquors, and cigars for- warded to the Grant family. It isa part of Custom-Liouse history that under the administration of former Collectors of the Port the presents. consigned to Gen. Grant and the members of his family from Europe were passed without the usual ex- actions of duty. Reyenue officers say that between 1868 and 1876 Gen. Crant received many valuable consignments from abroad on which there was no duty paid to the Govern- ment. ‘The only instance known where duty was paid for goods for Gen. Grant or his family occurred a few weeks ago. The con- signment consisted of-a case of wine shipped to Mrs. Grant, the mother of Gen.Grant, who lives in Jersey City. It was sent to her by the Rev. Dr. Kramer, who was nominated by. his brother-in-law, Gen, Grant, to the diplo- matic post of Minister to Denmark, ata sal- ary of $10,000 a year. With the consigning of the wine to Mrs. Grant was mailed a letter by the Rev. Mr. Kramer to Collector Merritt, who was a stranger to him, asking that ofti- cial to instruct his officers to have the wine safely delivered to Mrs. Grant, The letter was construed to mean that the Rev. Mr. Kramer would like to have the wine passed free of duty, and was sent_to Deputy and some time Acting Collector Balch for perusal, Mr. Balch has always been a strict opponent ot the free-permit system, the abuses of which he has pronounced against time and again. As soon as Mr. Balch was informed ot Mr. Kramer’s request, he decided it would work injustice to pass the wine for Gen. Grant while other persons had to pay duty on what they received. Te declined to grant a free permit, and paid the duties, it is said, out of his own pocket. When asked about the case yesterday, Mr. Balch said that he re- called the cireumstances perfectly well. “ Was the case of wine passed free to Mrs. Grant?” inquired the writer. “No, sir; not by any means.”” « Did the Government get the duty ?” “Tt did.” “ How was it paid ?” “Tpaid it? é From other sources it was ascertained that the amount paid by Mr. Balch as duties was between $400 and $500, and that the Grant family had made no offer to’ reimburse him. The unwillingness of Gen. Grant to pay customs duties like other citizens is well known to the Government. Astory is told of him that, while General of the Army, Com- modore Newton of the navy sent him a pres- ent of 4,000 cigars. There was a hitch about the free delivery of the cigars, and as Gen. Grant would not come forward to pay the duties, they remained at the Custom.House in charge of Isaae, of the seizure room. Aft- er keeping the cigars several months, the Deputy Collector sent them to the Govern- ment auctioneer and had them sold. STUPENDOUS PROJECT. Railway from Behring’s Strait to Cape iorn—Mr. Helper’s Scheme for a Backbone ,Continental Line—$5,000 Offered for Prize Essays and Poems, | New York Tribune. Mr. Hinton Rowan Helper, of St. Louis, is the author of a railway project which, for magnitude and possible results upon civiliza- tion, throws all former achievements and ideas of the kind quite into the shade. He proposes the construction of what he calls “a longitudinal, midland, double-track rail- way” from a point high north in North America, running more or less southwesterly through Mexico and Central America, to a point far south in South America, looking to its ultimate extension to Behring’s Strait and Cape Horn. Mr. Helper has so much faith in this magnificent scheme that he has gone to work in earnest -to attract public at- tention to it. His first step is to deposit $5,000 in the Bank of Commerce at St. Louis, to be distributed by a committee in the shape of rewards for essays and poems on the enter- prise. For the best treatise in prose a prize of $1,800 will be given, for the second best $1,200. and the third best $1,000, while the best poem will earn $1,000, and the second best $500. The articles and poems must be sent before the ist day of October next to the Chairman of the Committee, the Hon. Thomas Allen, President of the Iron Mountain & Southern Railway, No. 1 North Fifth street, St. Louis. Mr. Ilelper requires that the prose essays shall comprise from sixty-six to 100 pages of closely-written cap paper, and that the poems shall contain not more than 500 nor less than 333 lines. Mr. Helper intends to print his prize essays and poems ina book, and hopes thereby to awaken stich an interest in the project throughout all the countries from Alaska to Patagonia, that all'the requisit Governmental ntees and charters will be granted be- October, 1882, and 150,000 men put to on-the road by that date. Seven years, st, he says, ought to suffice for the com- pletion of the entire line. Then he’ proposes to celebrate the opening of his great Conti- nental Backbone Railroad by holding a World’s Fair in St. Louis on the 400th anni- ary of the di ery of America, Mr. per makes no estimate of the cost of the road, orof its probable receipts and running e ses, nor does he present any plan for ig the vast capital required. No details as to the route are given. Whether the ling should run east or west of the Rocky -Mountains in traversing the United States is a question the projector does not answer, but it may be presumed from his interest in St. Louis that an eastern route would be preferred. No accountis made of the fact that for vast distances the road would traverse a desert country, where the tratlic never would pay for the fuel burnedin the locomotives. ‘ These objections _do_not, however, detract from the merit of Mr. Helper’s general idea, and if his enthusiasm has led him to disre- gard grave Drnetical obstacles it must be re- membered that enthusiasm is a potent factor in the organization of all great enterprises. If Mr. Helper succeeds in awakening a gen- eral interest in the problem of a railroad from some point on our Texan border to the City of Mexico and thence to the Isthmus. with an eventual extension down the Pacific Coast. to Chili, he will have done a great work, and may be con- tent to postpone until the next century the full realization of his grand project. A longitudinal line across the centre of the United States will be completed ina few years, in links owned by different companies. The -branch of the Union Pacific from its main stem to Montana will be one link, and the Denver & Rio Grande Railroad, now pushing southward to Santa Fé, will be another. On the Pacific coast a north and south line is now in: operation from the Gila River t6 a point well up in Northern Cali- fornin, and will. soon be completed to Port- land, Oregon. Whether either of these lines can profitably be pushed northward into the forests of British America, or southward into the deserts of Northern Mexico, may be doubted, but there can be-no doubt of the immediate value of a road from San Antonio to the City of Mexico. The link from San Antonio to tae Rio Grande is part of the line of the International &- Gréat Northern Rail- road, which now traverses Texas diagonal! trom Marshall to Austin, and will be extend- ed to San Antonio this year. This roa is owned by New York capitalists, and, as its name indicates, is designed to reach the frontier. In Mexico, aftera delay of years and 2 tedious conflict between the tye American cowpanics for charters and being made in the building of a road from the Capital toward the Rio Grande, A study of the condition of Mexico, anda :nowledge of the rapid development of Texas, and the steady adtance of population toward the Rio Grande, will .convince any one that the time is close at hand when rai road communication between this country and the Capital of our sister Republic will be an imperative demand of commerce. Once Jet the iron horse crossthe Rio Grande, and anew era will open to Mexico, The vom- mercial and industrial isolation in which she has lived willbe nt an end, and the long epoch of revolutions and lawlesness she is passing through will give place | to one . of. peaceful development. | :Capital and immigration will flow | in, e wealth .of the country will. be. devel- oped by American enterprise, and, whatever may be the political future of the country, e may be sure that close business relations {1l@e established with the United States. A railway from the City of Mexico :througi: the Central American States to the Isthmus would eventually follow as soon as the new life should be fully infused into the dead- and-alive realm of the Montezumas, and then either through the enterprise of the South American States or by the efforts of our own capitalists. Mr. Helper’s dream would soon he nearly realized by the construction. of. dine along the Pacific Coast ‘or, through the interior valleys of South America as faz as Santiago or Valparaiso, and it may be to the Straits of Magellan. Looking at the results sure to flow from such a road in opening new fields of industry, in extending the in- fluence of Anglo-Saxon civilization, and in unifying and developing the entire American Continent, Mr. Helper’s enthusiastic eager- ness to push the project right along at once , is not to be wondered at. TYPE AND PAPER. George W. [Peck Sends a Petition to Congress for the Bepeal of the Duty on Type and Paper That Will Cause Laughter if Nothing Else. Orrice. OF PRESIDENT oF WISCONSIN Eprrors’ AND :PuBLISUERS’ ASSOCIATION, Mmwavkee, Feb. 20.—Zo Senators and Members of Congress: It becomes mny paih- ful duty to address-you a few lines, and if you will pay attention and allow the ideas herein advanced to gently enter your several systems without the aid of a surgical opera- tion ora shotgun, it will be acussed sight more than we have a right to expect. At.the annual meeting of the Wisconsin Editors’ and Publishers’ Association held last June at Oshkosh, after the members had been formally admitted to the Insane Asylum, they passed the following whereases and resolutions, between free lunches and picnics, and made me the humble instrument of torture to bring the aforesaid whereases and resolutions to your attention: - 3 Wxerzas, The type foundries of the Unite States have formed a combination for the pur- pose of imposing such terms and. regulations as they choose upon trade; and ‘Wuereas, They bave been and are using.their organization to the great disadvantage and in- jury of their patrons, the printers and publish- ers of the country: and Wueneas, The ordinary and _vermanent difi- culties in the way of obtaining type from” for- cign countries ure such as to afford ample pro- tection to American type foundries without the addition of the safeguard ofza tariff; therefore, Resolved, That the just interests of the printers and publishers of the United States require that the tariff on type metal and type be removed. Regolved, That the representatives of Wiscon- sin in Congress are urgently requested to use their influence and efforts to secure a speedy abolition of such tariff. 4 Now that you have read the resolutions, it is a supposable ease that you' will feel’ that your next .duty is to_ throw them into the wastebasket. In the name of 40,000,000 people, be the same more or less, Lask you not to lose your cud, but ruminate, as it were, and think over the highway robbery that is being practiced upon your unsophisticated constituents by the type {founders, who are foundering the newspapers, As it is now they stand in the entrance of the editorial sanctum and take, the money that comes in on subscriptions, and only allow the publisher the cordwood and farm produce. By the protection your alleged honorable body affords them in the way off tariff, they grapple the throat of every newspaper in America, and say “Keno,” while the newspaper publisher can only return his chips to the dealer and say “O hell!’ Every article that is used by a newspaper man, excepting second-hand ulster overcoats and liver, is protected by a tariff that makes the cold chills run up his spine. Another thing that. the Association did not’ pass any resolutions about, but which they probably willat the next meeting, if there are enough of them left outside of the poor- house to meet, before they meet on that beautiful shore, is the recent action of the manufacturers of paper, who are endeavor- ing to screw down the lid of the newspaper- coffin which the type-founders are preparing for the grave. 1n the last three months, by their own sweet will, they have run the price of paper up almost 100 per cent. There is nothing to prevent them from doing it, as foreign manufactured paper is kept out of the country by the tariff. Every article that goes into the construction of rag-paper, ex- cept_ basswood, sweat, and water, has a tariff on it. The soda, the asafeetida, and blue- mass, or whatever is used to deodorize under- shirts and ‘cast-off drawers, so that they will smell good in a newspaper, has acorn on it in the shape of a tariff, so that the paper- manufacturing, three-card-monte chaps have an excuse to. bleed newspapers to the last drop. What the newspapers want, and they believe it is not an unreasonable de- mand, is the removal of the tarilf on type, on rags, on paper, and on all chemicals used in the manufacture of paper. In a tariff on rags (if there is no tariff on rags you better put one on, unless you remoye the tariff on the rest of the stuil; ifa tariff is a good thing you can’t have too much of it), for instance, whom do you pro- tect? Nobody but: guttersnipe rag-pickers, and old maids who save up rags to buy snuff, and tin-peddlers who trade tin-lippers and skimmers occasionally for a flour-sack full of bad smelling rags. Are the rag-pickers and old inaids your principal constituents? ‘The newspapers of the country believe that they are entitled to some consid- eration at your hands. They are in many instances the instruments through which many of you have’ attained the posi- tions you how hold, and ‘they. never have got much of anything from you except Patent Office reports and ‘ieultural docu- ments, They have set up nights for you, and done dirty work that may bar them out of all participation in the chariot races in the golden streets of the New Jerusalem, and now they demand that you protect them fron the ravages of the type founding and paper making grasshoppers, before it is everlast- ingly, too Jate. Not being one of the “ d—dliterary fellers” so touchingly alluded to by the great Senator Simon Cacron, this epistle to you Cor- inthians may be a little raw, and not as polished as it should be, but it tries to rép- resent the feelings of the newspaper men of Wisconsin in language that the. wayfaring man, though a diabolical idiot, can under— stand, and it means business. The news- papers are desperate, and, while they don’t Want to goon the war-path, they feel thatthey have been ravished about enough by the dif- ferent tribes of beneficiaries of the’ Goyern- nent. Ifyou great men will pass a Dill to give us relief, You will strike it. rich, and don’t you forget it, “Yours, about’ mad SOURS, #7 GroncGE W. Peck, siden lsconsin Editors’ ” vation and Publishers’ ————— The Donnelly Outrase—Some of the Decent Democratic Papers of Minne- sota Not Dispowed to Indorse It. Sueur (Minn.) Senti le How this result could be arrived at on any fair hypothesis it is difficult to understand. Bribery_seems to be the only thing which could unseat Washburn, and this does not appear to have been clearly proven by any means. But even if it were proven, the unseating of Wash- burn could not give his seat to Donnelly; for, with all that may be claimed as irregular, there Hoo a clearly expressed majority of several ousand votes for Washburn. All our political convictions are against Washburn, but Demo- crats or fulr-minded men of any political party cannot afford to follow Republican precedents: of ten or fifteen yenrs ago too closely, in disre- to the popular voice. Weare not prepared 10 believe the Democratic majority in the House, even with the aid of the Greenbackers, willconfirm the fection of the Committee. - ing (Minn.) Argue. We trust there is tio’ truth in the rumor tele- graphed from Washington that the Committee on Elections have decided to report in favor of unseating Mr. Washburn and of seating Mr. Donnelly. Above all the National Democracy inust make no mistake here. No partisan proju- dice, no supposed exigency, will warrant thers in committing an uct open to suspicion and in- Yiting the charge of injustice. Wé are and will be fighting fraud until the victory is won; but We must fight it, not with its own weapons, ‘With cleam band gud undauated courage, oUt HALTS Wt Tal Of Body is Wealth of dng RADWAYS = SarsaparillianResolreat, Pure blood makes sound flesh, ; aolear skin. “Tf you would have youre eamey ta your bones sound, without caeies and yo lexion fair, use RADWAY’ ur coms Tran 'resoivent. **® SARSaPaRn 4 GRATEFUL REGORSITO “To cure a chronic or long-stan: * trulya victory in the healing arte Cag piss is power that clearly discerns defectandsummees remedy; that restores step by step—bydemee® the body which has been slowly attucked weakened by an insidious disease, not only nent. mands our respect but deserves ‘our gryigee Dr. Radway has furnished mangind Sith ue: wonderful remedy, Radway-s Sarsaparihe ges solvent, which accomplishes this result, ang pe foring humanity, wno drag out an existenees pin and disease, through long Sand | nights, owe him thelr gratitude.'—Medicat Me senger. FALSE AND TRUE, We extract from Dr. Radway’s u Disease and Its Cure,” ss follows: eatise @t List of Diseases Cured by Radwvay's’ Sarsaparilian Qesolvent Chronic Skin wiseases, Caries of the Bone, Hu. mors in the Blood, Scrofulous Diseases, Bad or Unnatural Habit of Body. Syphiiis and Venereal,, Fever Sores, Chronie or Old Gleers sult Rheum” Rickets, White Swelling. Scald Head, Uterin, Affections, Cankers, Glandular Swellings, Nodes Wasting and Decay’ of the Bods, Pimples smi- Blotches, Tumors, Dyspepsia, Kidney and Bia. der Discnses, Chronic Kheumatism and Gout Consumption, Gravel and Calculous Deposita, and varieties of the above complaints to which sometimes are given specious names. -. ‘We assert that there is no Inown remedy that possesses the curative power over these diseases that Radway’s Resolvent furnishes. It cures step by step, surery, from the foundation, and restores the injured parts to their sound condi. tion. THE WASTES OF THE BODY ARs srOrrEp, AND HEALTHY BLOOD IS SUPPLIED TO THR S13. Text, from which new material isformed.- Thisiy the first corrective power of Radway'sResolvent In caseg where the system has been salivated: and Mertury, Quicksilver, Corrosive Sublimata have accumulated and become deposited in the bones, joints, etc., causing caries of the bor rickets, spinal curvatures contortions,. white swellings, varicose veins, etc., the Sareaparillian will resolve away those deposits and extermi. nate the virus of the disease from the system. those who uretaking these medicines for the eure of Chronic, Scrofulous, or Syphllitic diseases, however slow may be the cure, “feel better,” and find their general health impror- ing, their flesh and weight increasing, or even keeping its own, isa sure sign that the cure is progressing. In these diseases the patient either gets better or worse,—the virus of the di ease is not inactive; if not arrested and driven from the blood, it will spread and continue to undermine the constitution. As soon as the SARSAPARILLIAN makes the patient “feel bet ter,” every hour you. will grow better and in- crease in health, strength, and flesh. OVARIAN TUMORS, The removal of these tumors by Rapwars RESOLVENT is now so certainly established that what was once considered almost miraculous is now 8 common recognized fact byall parties Witness the cases of Hannah P. Knapp. Mrs. C. Kral Mrs. J. H. Jolly, and Mrs. P.D, Hendrix, published in our Almanac for 1879; also, that of Mrs. C.S. Bibbins, in the present edition of our * False and True.” Space forbids our making particular reference to the various cases of chronic diseases reached by our SARSAPARILLIAN REscLvENt. Invalids and their friends must consult our writings if they wish to obtain an idea of the promise and potency of R. R. R. Hemedies. Gne Dollar per Eottle. MINULE REMEDY. Only requires minutes, not hours, to relieve pain and cure acute disease. - Radway’s Ready Relief, In from one to twenty minutes, never fails to relieve PALN with one thorough application. No matter how violent or excruciating the Fain, a Ae ade ey rip He ervous, Neuralric, or sprostrat isease may suffer, RADIFAL’S READY RELIEV will afford instant ease. Inflammation of the Kidneys, Inflammation of tht Bladder, Inflammation of the Bowels, Congestioa of the Lungs, Sore Throat, Difficult Breathing, Palpitation of the Heart, Hysterics ,Croup, Diph- theria, Catarrh, Influcnza, Headache, Toothache, Neuralgia, Rheumatism, Cold Chills, Ague Chills, Chilblains, Frost Bites, Bruises, Summer Com- plaints, Coughs, Colds, Sprains, Pains in tha Chest, Back, or Limbs, are instantly relieved. FEVER AND AGUE. ver y Cents, There Fovet and Ague cured for Fifty Cents, Theft 4s not a remedial agent in the world th cure Fever and Ague, and ali other Maiarious, Bilious, Scarlet, Typhoid, Yellow, and other fevers (aided by Rapwax's PrLxs) so quick as Rapway's READY RELIEF. oi It will in a few moments, when taken PE ing to directions, cure Cramps, Spasms, Stomach, Heartburn, Sick Headache, Di 7 Dysentery, Colic, Wind ia the Bowels. an Internal Pains. fa ‘Travelers should always carry a bottle o! Lara way's Ready Relief with them. A few drops water will prevent sickness or pains from cl cr water. Be is etter than French b itters ns a stimulan Miners and Lumbermen should always be pro- vided with ft. CAUTION. All remedial agents capable of destroying life by an ‘overdose should be avoided. Morpuino, opium, strychnine, arnica. hyosciamus, and o powerful remedies, docs at certain times, in very smuil doses, relieve the patient during thelr ac tion in the system. But perhaps the se dose, if repeated, may aggravute and increase the ‘suffering, and another dose cause dome ‘There is no necessity for using these uncerta® agents when a positive remedy like Radwar's Ready Helief will stop the most excrucia! pain quicker, without entailing the least culty in either infant or adult. - The LIrué Relief. Radway’s Ready Relief is the only remedist agent in vogue that will instantly stop pain. Fifty Cents Per Bottle. RADWAY'S REGULATING PLIST Perfect Purgative Soothing Aperients, ad Without Pain, Always Mellable a0 Natural tn their Operation. A VEGETABLE SUBSTITUTE FOR CALOMEL. Perfectly tasteless, elegantly sweet gum, puro regulate, purify,.cleanse, ond cE Bwct's Friis, for te cure of all disorders LADWAY'S Pris, for ¢ of of the Stomach, Liver, Bowels, Kidneys, Blade der, Nervous Diseases, Headuche, Constipatt Costivencss, Indigestion. Dyspepsia, Bilqesnar Fever, Intlammation of the Bowels, Piles ant aul Rerannernants of the internal oe he ranted to effect a perfect cure. ble, containing no mercury, minerals, or delete jous dru; E27 Observe the following symptoms regulte ing from Diseases of the digestivo organs: er stipation, Inward Piles, Fullness of the Be the Heat, Acidity of the Stomach, Nausts, Heartburn, Disgust of Food, Fullness. in the Stotaach, Sour Eructations. Sink |_Futtering at the Heart, Choking or. Sul rere Sensations when in # lying posture, Dimno™ Vision, Dots or: Webs Before the Sight FETE and Dull Pain in the Head, Deficiency of Pet spiration, Yellowness of the Skin and Eves, F in the Side, Chest, Limbs, and Sudden Fi eat, Burning in'the Flesh. ‘A few doses of Rapwar's PILLS veil free the system from all the above-named disorde! Price, 25 Conts Per Bom We repeat that the reader must consu! books and Papers on the sibject of diseases nd their cure, among which may be named? “False and True,” oat “Radway on Irritable Urethra,” “ Radicay on Scrofula,”” and others relating to different classesaf dit " SOLD BY DRUGGISTS. READ “FALSE AND TRUE. Send a letter stamp to HAD WAY & COss Nov 82 Warren, cor. Church-st., New York. igioe, RERALGR wou taguanayda wil he ara vou coated with «7