Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 8, 1880, Page 4

a THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1880—SIXTEEN PAGES. The Tribune. SY MAIL—IN ADVANCR—POSTAGE PREPAID. DEF "Thursday, and Saturday, per jeadsy, and Friday, per Sr bunday i6-psge edition, Any other cay, per Fear... -* WEEELY EDITION—POSTPAID. Give Post-Office address in full, inclnding State and Geinficances may be made clther by raft, express Post-Ofice order, or in registered letter, at our risk. TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS < daly, delivered, Sundsy excepted, 25 cents per wee! daily, deltvered, Sunday included, 80 cents per weak. ‘Address ‘THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Comer Madison and Dearborn-sta, Chicago, 12. ————— POSTAGE. Pest-Ofice at Chicaga IR, Gz Second Class Matter. veered ah Oe cor the Denestt of cur patrons who destre to send sele copies of THE TRIBCYE throngh the mail, we herewith the transient mte of postage: Domestic. 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HLTIFFAN Recorder, ¥. BR. AM—sinted ‘ed. a at 7:30 jons aro ANY, 3G, LP. v of A Fo ALM lar Communication ‘on Wainesdas Feb. ll, The members re ‘ail ening, as-basiness of impartancs wit “tea, eresent 08 will pare Lodge. Visttorsaivays welcome, “™® Pere the EM ASHLEY, Sedary, D. 4. CASHMAN LODGE, NO. 6%, 4. P. £ : Regular Communication Tuesday o 5 their Ball, corner, West Madison: and Hover sharp. Important work. e ‘ors welcome. G. 3 Robes -st 333 ‘Members ted. 5 ADOUGLARS Secret CHICAGO COMMANDERY, NO. ae cial Conclave Monday evening, Feb. omer ct Eambors dealged PEttre cose eneam got orderof the Eminens Commander? "Vee 3 oS Hi. T. JACOBS, Recorde. COVENANRLODGE, NO. ALKA MM. eon Gommunication ¥ritey ersatne. Feb. sat Conan et for most imporeant Visiting brethren: cord Sarita Brorden ed WHLLIAM ERR, Becreissges WALT We ML SUNDAY; FEBRUARY § 1691 TxeE betrothal of the Austrian Crown Prince Rudolph and the Princess ‘Mathilde, daughter of Prince George of Saxony, is an- : nounced, — —_—_—_—__ YESTERDAY was another field-day in the local market for pork. The price declined 4234 cents per barrel, or 834 percent. Parties who are carrying the property became im- pressed with the fact of extraordinarily big Stocks, and the longs were pinched for money to protect their contracts. Hénce the drop. = Tu aspirations of Prince Napoleon to the French throne are not likely to be realized very soon if the Paris newspapers are any guide to public opinioa. One of them warns him that the guardians of the Republic are watching his movenents closely, and will take measures to surpress any active pushing of his claims. ‘THE result of the election in Liverpool is interpreted by the London Times to mean that the people do not. agree with the recent violent denunciatisns of the Government by the Liberals, and,’ naturally enough, mani- tested their disapproval of such a course by Tefusing to elec: a representative of that Party. Heretofore at least one of the threa members from Liverpool has been a Liberal. ——— “THE recent appeal of the Bavarian Ultra- montanes imploring the King not to consent to the proposed incrense of the German army is not likely t2 have much effect, altbough the petitioners evidently thonght that their action would induce Bismarck to make some concessions on the Church question. “The Government, however, is almost certain to have the requisit majority in the legislative halls, irrespective of the Ultramontanes, and consequently cares but little for opinions or wishes. . THE Republican Convention in the Dis- trict of Columbia yesterday was a somewhat protracted and tiresome affair, a majority of the delegates being afflicted with the mania for oratory so prevalent in this country. ‘Thare were a large number of candidates for delegate to the National Convention, but the two men chosen were Messrs. Sayles Bowen. snd John T. Cook, the latter s colored man. Bowen is a Blaine man, and Cook is for Grant, Among the candidates was Col. Bob Ingersoll, but he was defeated early in the fight. We publish this morning an exceedingly fateresting letter from Ireland, written to the London Times by aspecial correspond- ent senttd Ireland by that paper. in this letter is detailed with great minuteness the social, moral, and industrial condition of the People, The account is given with a frank- ness and a candor worthy of all respect. The condition of these unfortunate occupiers of the land is truly pitiable. It will appeal to every heart; 1t will excite sympathy from the most prejudiced. Even at the best of times the struggle for life by these people is ahardone, Itisa struggle for bare subsist-/ ence. Asa whole, the people are free from the vices which generally impoverish com- munities. They are laborious and indus- trious, and contented with’ a living that would seem to Americans to be but one degree removed from extreme poverty. They are tenants at will;. they occupy Jand enovgh to yield them enough food and Tmeans to pay the rent, and they live in danger of having the land taken from them and given to some person who will offermore, They are houseless, The mud cabins sre unworthy. the name of haman habitations. They cannot build others, be- cause they would become the property of the Jandlora, and would serve as a pretext for increasing the rent. They can surround themselves with: none of the comforts of home, because thet would indicate thrift, and any appearance of thrift is at once accepted as an evidence of ability to pay more rent feat at the Liverpool election, they have the satisfaction of Knowing that they have re- duced the Tory majority from 6,000 to a little or face of the English how! against the Irish Home-Rulers, whom the Liberal candidate favored. erunken city siso supported the Tory candi- date en masse, as did the clergy and adher- ents of the Church-of England, and the plutocracy of the city. Had the Liberals succeeded there is little doubt that Beacons- field would be forced to an early dissolution, and had the Tory majority been much larger * itis not improbable that the Premier would havetaken advantage of the “boom” and sppealed to the country. As it is, the defeat is not so overwhelming, nor the victory so great, as to cause either party to be seriously impressed with the event, or to make ita basis for calculation. The happiest man over the event, except the successful candi- date, perhaps, is Lord Salisbury, and he is happy because the election shows that his ancient rival, Lord Derby, has not such a powerful influence in Liverpool as the Lib- eral party was led to believe. land, seems to have a proper appreciation of the character and effects of the atrocious and barbarous land-laws of Ireland, and has op- portunely given notice of his intention to in- troduce a bill to puta stop, for the time be- ing, to the further service of ejectment-proc- esses in that country. The measure, which isappropriately styled “A dill for the pro- tection of life and property in Ireland,” is not likely to be received with much favor in .| the British House of Commons, composed as it is largely of landlords, and Irish landlords at that; but the justice and expediency of ‘the measure will be none the Jess apparent thd cause of all this evil has AutHoveH the Liberals have suffered de- ver 2.000 ina vote of 50,000, and this in the “The 3,000. liquorellers of that Mn. A. ML. SuLirvan, M. P. for Louth, Ire- ‘o all enlighteried and unprejudiced people. ‘Perhaps in no other country in the civil- ted world than Ireland would a handful of %n be permitted to rob, starve, and murder Avhole nation, not only with impunity, but Wit the sanction of law. Poor, famished, si&ky wretches are turned on the roadside to di, because they cannot pay rents prom- ised 'n more prosperous times, after from one-thrd to one-half of their crops has been Jost frough the inclemency of the season; und ifey dare to resist the Government of the cotntry are reaay to send whole regi= ments of ioldiers and policemen to the aid of their oppressors. Lord Clarendon, at one time Viceroy of Ireland, described the land- system of Izeland as “ felonious landlord- ism.” Yet™dising his Administrstion, in 1847 and 1848\scenes such as are now oc- curring in the’ yest of Ireland were then enacted in the name of law and with the sanction of Lord-Licutenant Clarendon. While the charitabig-people of the world are pouring alms into the lap of Ireland that her unfortunate children might be saved, the English landlords are plundering them of their substance, driving them from ‘their homes, and hounding them to pauper graves, ‘The tenantry of Irelandhave cultivated crop that is not their own, according to English law; they reap only that “harpy hands may sweep the harvests from their lands.” . Their crops and cattle are taken from them by the felonious landlord that he may riot in Lon- don, Paris, or Baden-Baden. No .wonder that in many cases the people have consid- ered that “Patience ceased to‘be a virtue;” and have precipitated themselves on the po- Jicemen and bailiffs, and no wonder that men like Father McWilliam, of Athenry, Galway, whose mission is peace, feels called on to Jead his poor people in opposing the service of ejectment-processes. ‘The discussion of Afr. Sullivan’s measure in Parliament cannot fail to have a good ef- fect, even if it should not become law. The English Liberals will have an opportunity of declaring their position on the Irish land Question, and the world will understand that restrictive measures are necessary to prevent Trish landlords from committing robbery, and perhaps murder. —_ THE MILITIA LAW SUSTAINED, The Supreme Court of fllinois has just made public one of the most valuable and in- teresting decisions which ithas ever delivered, In an opinion filed yesterday at Mt. Vernon it sustains from the enacting clause to the concluding section the validity of the act for the organization of the Illinois National Guard, passed at the last session of the Legislature, Soon after this act Went into force an effort was made to secure a test case by arresting a Communist Captain and some of his men, who were parading the streets with arms in violation of its provis- ions. The leader sued out a writ of habeas corpus before Judge Barnum and was re leased, the Judge, in a long: opinion, holding that not merely the particular section under which the man was arrested, but al! the other provisions of the law, were unconstitutional and void. There was no way in which this case could be carried to the Supreme Court. Subsequently a man, summoned as a juror before Judge Barnum, then sitting in the Criminal Court, pleaded his privilege of exemption, he being a member of the Na- tional Guard. This plea the Judge refused to recognize: and fined the man, who appesled the case to the Supreme Court, where it was elaborately and fully argued last November. Now the Court has delivered its opinion, and delivered it with a promptness which shows that the Judges fully appreciated the gravity of the subject upon which they were to act, In their opinion, published in another col- umn, they taxe up and demolish one by one, With a clearness of logic and a contempt for jections macs to the validity of the law by the Communists’ lawyer and snstained by Judge Barnum. The Judges decline to al- Jow themselves to be entangled in the web of sophistry woven in the lower court, but, brushing aside these cobwebs, sustain the ‘will of the people as expressed in the act of the Legislature. 5, To the first point raised by the opponents of the law, that the power to organize and Ireland pays annually 009 rent, and } discipline the militia having been conferred to pay this i ihe beach oe takes from | by the Constitution on Congress, and Con- the island the entire product, and leavestothe | gress having acted the State has no jurisdic- mass of the people merely enongh potatoes | tion, they reply that, for many rea- to feed them. When the crop fails, then | sons, the assertion is not warranted. there is desolation and starvation. The cor- } The power given to Congress to raise respondent suggests, that the holdings | taxes and impose duties does not strip are too small, Larger holdings would | the State of the: power’ to impose require more rent, and it is the ina- bility to produce eaineh to pay the | the Supreme Court and of varions States are Tent that is the cause of all the suffering. In | referred to to show the fallacious position France, the peasants—the most prosperous, | assumed on the other side. happy, and productive in Europe—have hold- ings of land smaller than in Ireland. In Bel- gium ‘and in the Western Provinces of Ger Many, the average amount of land held by the farmers is less than in Ireland. In those countries there is never any suffering for food,—there is no famine. Each occupier owns the land he cultivates, and what his labor produces is his own. The American reader can have no doubt, after reading this letter, as to the want for food and the im- pending famine in a land capable of support- ing 10,@0,000 of people, and where a popula- tion of less than 5,000,000 is now starving. ‘Yet, though been patent for years, has been confessed ever since the last famine, and though the J Temedy is self-evident, not one word is ut- tered in Engtand in favor of removing that cause by applying the only possible remedy. ee taxes for State purposes, The decisions of ‘To the assertion that the Militia act is re- pugnant to the laws of Congress, they say, as all reasonable men would, that non-es- sential variations are of no conse- quence. It is not’ valid objection that the law does not require the entire militia to be enrolled as active members; nor isit so serious a matter that the State law does not provide for a Major-General; nor that its provisions as to the number of men ina company do not exactly coincide with those of the Federal law. To stich trivial- ties as these the Court pays no attention. To the objection that the Federal Constitn- tion forbids a State to keep armed troops in time of peace, the Court very sensibly replies that the National Guard, composed of men whose pursuits are those of peace, who meat occasionally for drill, and then separate to re- turn to their ordinary avocations, is not to be confounded with troops whose sole object is war, and who have no peaceful pursuits. ‘The distinction between the First and Second Regiments of this city, whose members meet atnight to drill, and who have amilitary encampment once a year, and the standing troops of Continental nations is obvious to ithe Judges, though it may not.be to the | Communists, mee 2 The objection that the clanse forbidding the march of armed men through the streets of a city without a license from the Governor where they do not belong to the National Guard is in derogation of personal liberty and unconstitutional is very summari- ly. dealt with by the Court The Legislature, fn making that provision; acted within the scope of its powers. The police powers of a State are plenary and inalienable. It is a power coextensive with self-protection. Its exercisein this par- ticular instance is warranted by the State, and is not repugnant to the Federal Consti- tution.. The object of the Legislature was to preserve the peace. It acted within the scope of its authority, and the Court declines to interfere with its decrees. The illusory hopes of a favoring decision of the Court with which the Communists have been fed fora year back are now sum- marily ended, and it is to be hoped that they. will disband their illegal organizations and make no further attempts to violate the pro- visions of the State law. STREEI-CLEANING IN CHICAGO. One of the standing expenditures of the City of Chicago is that for street-cleaning, -and one of the standing reproaches against the city is, thatit never has any clean streets. Itis generally an even thing between the paved streets and the earth streets as to which are the more dusty in dry or more muddy in wet. weather, and, as the wedther is either dry or wet, the dust and the mud are the alternatives in the thoroughfares of Chicago, - é We spend good’ round sums nominally for scraping the paved streets, but these serajings are semi-periodical, and the mud is carried off and dumped upon the earth streets, thence to be blown, in the form of dust, ofhauled on the wheels of all kinds of vehicles hack to the paved streets. In con- venient prximity to all paved streets there are unpavetones, kept seemingly to supply the others Wth mud. in wet weather, and with dust in dy. ‘The expenditure of money for street-cleathg under these circumstances is like spending toney to sweep back the sea with a broom. The Commissione. of Public Works and the Citizens’ Associaton have considered this matter seriously, alahaye come to some kind of an agreements to the sum which oughtto be expended “or tids purpose, to which agreement there itprobably no objec- tion, if. the present syste; is to be main- tained. But the time has Gme when there ought to be some effort mats to arrest the supply of mud by means of \ermanent pre- vention. There should bea Systematic im- provement of the streets; the} should be paved, or they should be macadanized, cin- dered, or graveled. All the street not im- proved by paving with wood or stol should be given a hard surface by thick bedssg ¢in- ders, macadam,-or gravel It is folly to expect paved streets to be opt free of mud s0 -long as_ there ‘gq acontinuous train of vehicles bringing mud upon their wheels from all the unpaved streets and depositing it on the paved road- ways. All the mud and dust scraped from the paved streets should be hauled away to fill up low grounds, and should never be dumped on the unpaved streets. These should be all improved by the removal of the soft.surface-earth, which is alternately dust or mud, and should be provided with deep and firmly-rolled beds of: cinders, macadam, or gravel. The beds of these streets should be made so hard that they will throw off therain, and, when this is done, the supply of mud which is now furnished to all the streets will be reduced proportionately. Having stopped the manufacture and distribution of mud, then the work of keeping the paved and all other streets clean will be reduced to the minimum. If all the money now expended have occasion to use these streets, and the: cleaning of these streets by scraping and sweeping with such frequency thattheyshould always be free from mud and dust. In dry weather they.should be swept every night, and thus avoid their scraping alto- gether.’ It is to be hoped that the very prac- tical Commissioner of Public Works will bear in mind that one of the most efficfent means to keep the streets clean is to put an end to the manufacture of mud, and that to do this he must give ali the mud streets which shall not become paved a hard bed of macadam, or of cinders, or of gravel. eel THE TORIES’ PLAN FOR THE RELIEF IRELAND. © oF A : Sir Stafford Northcote’s proposed measures for the relief of Ireland are such as might have been expected from the leader of the ‘Tory party in the House of Commons,—weak, temporary, restrictive, and inadequate. The Jandlords through whose avarice and cruelty the Irish peasantry are starving and half naked are to be made the instruments of the Government in relieving the distress. Loans are to be issued to such of the Jand-owners as, may apply, to be by them expended in the improvement of their lands, thereby giving employment to the tenants. When it is re- membered that it is on the estates of the rack- renting landlords that most distress prevails, and that these same Lords are more desirous of clearing out their tenantry than of aiding them, the efficacy of the Government meas- ure cannot be well perceived. Then, again, the loans are to be made on security. Most of the estates of the rack-renters are heavily mortgaged, and it is improbable that they ‘will be burdened by‘’ their own- ers to any greater extent, even {if the Local Government Board was willing to negotiate loans on the security of such es- tates. It is well to bear in mind also that the compensation paid to workingmen will be very niggardly. In. justification of this statement we might offer the case of the Earl of Kenmare, a Catholic nobleman living in the County Kerry, who has borrowed $13,000 from the Church Surplus Fund, and who pays his laborers 1 shilling, or 25 cents, per day. Outof this scanty sum aman issup- posed to be able to support himself and fam- ily! Another provision of the proposed meas- ure, will give power to the Local Government Board to authorize Boards of Guardians to give outdoor relief, That this authority will be productive of some good in many places is beyond doubt, but there are many places also in which it will remain a dead-letter, be- cause of the landlords forming a majority of the Board of Guardians. In 184748 some of these Boards were so remiss in the perform- ance of their plain dutfes in relieving the sufferers that an act of Parliament was passed giving the Local Government Boards authority to remove them, and this was done in 148 cases, The system of outdoor relief, too, is demoralizing and degrading,—so de- grading, indeed, that a sensitive people had rather die of starvation than receive it. The manner in which thisoutdoor-relief business was managed in 188 was simply horrible, “The feeding of dogsin a kennel was far more orderly.” The only feasible, Practical, and sensible plan of immediate relief would be the em- ployment of the people in some useful and necessary productive works. ‘This is what the representatives of the Irish people de- manded months ago irom the Government; but the Tory leaders are veritable “Bourbons, who never learn or never forget anything,” and they seem determined to move in the same old groove as in 184748, There are thousands of ‘acres of waste lands which, by proper: drainage, might be changed into arable ‘land where’ fami- lies might live in comfort and prosperity. Many of the Irish streams periodically over- flow their beds, anda slight outlay towards deepening their channels would prevent these overflows and the consequent destruc- tion of much valuable property. ‘Then there are the fishing-harbors, which by a slight outlay might be put into good, serviceable condition, but which are now mere creeks, without docks, piers, or anything which would render them available for the purpose for which they are attempted to be used. Such matters have been brought before the attention of the Government by the Irish members, only to be totally disregarded. They do not wish that the control of the relief funds shall pass out of the hands of thelr pets, the landlords, who may be able to use the influence whjch the distribution of the funds shall giye them to bolster up an infamous system of land tenure. nanny TILDEN’S LOVE AFFAIRS, Soméof the intimate friends of Mr. Sam- ud J. Silden, of New York, say in soft } Whispers that he is in love. Doubtless j thousands ¥ ardent boys fell deeply in love at or near he moment when the sage of Gramercy Par; declared himself a victim of the tender paston, Sammy denies that he isin love. Thikts quite natural and as it should be. The Qher thousands of boys in the very act of buying deep sighs also blush and dény the St.impeachment, It is as natural for the lovy,-while in the agony of suspense, to deny tha.he is spoony” on a@ young woman as for 2 »6litician who as- pires to the Presidency to itsjst that it is the farthest possible thing from alitis thoughts. Birds pair in the spring, and in tag same sea- son the thoughts of boys turn tonye, But the winter has been exceeding mild. In the annually for scraping and Sweeping the paved streets, and for trimming the earth or dirt ones, were quadrupled, it would not sui- fice to keep them in a respectable condition. Ofall the expendituresmade by tha. city, that for “cleaning” the earth streets is tha great- est waste. The performance would be ridicu- lous if it were not so costly. - Large gangs of men are employed throughout the year for this purpose. These men shovel the soft earth from the sides of the street and throw it upon the centre of the Toadway, and the first shower washes it back to the level, re- ducing the whole roadway to a disgraceful mass of thick mud. ‘The defense of this ex- penditureis,that it gives employmentto aclass of men physically unable to perform any other work; the expenditure is therefore a matter of charity,—a direct donation from the City Treasury. Occasionally the Council Chamber echoes with fervid appeals that these men should not be required to “work” more than eight hours a day, and should be paid 80 per cent more than the current price of labor. So far as their labor is concerned, it would be of as much practical benefit to the city if employed in bailing out the river or the lake, if one-half the money annually appro- priated for street-cleaning were expended in macadamizing these mud streets, or in giving them a good hard bed of cinders, every dollar would be of practical use. In the matter of Street-cleaning, and espe- cially of street-sweeping, the city authorities fronting thereon, but of those who have oc caston to need them. Thestreets inthe South Division north of Harrison or Twelfth street are used by hundreds of thousands of bersons every day. They are visited by Persons from all other parts of the city, and the whole population is interested directly in haying them free from mud and free from dust. All the strangers Who come to this city on pleasure or business soft, springlike days of January the buds swelled and threatened to burst into Joliage. What wonder that the tender heart of Sammy throbbed with warmth and passion! We happen to know that nothing grieved Mr. Tilden so much during the Pres- idential campaign of 1876 as the cruel reflec- tions cast upon his state of bachelorhood. With a refinement of brutality, it was charged that, the good man of Gramercy Park lacked the «warmth of heart and delicacy of sentiment‘ essential to connubial bliss, and that he lived unpaired from a feeling of dis- dain and contempt for the fair sex, Ni othing could be farther from the truth. Mr, Til- den’s admiration for women is of the chival- tic kind peculiar to the Middle Ages. There has never been a moment of his life when he has not desired the love and companionship of awife. But he had a mission. From the moment when he drank in political wisdom at the feet of that great patriot, Martin Van Buren, Mr. Tilden felt that he was born to ‘reform American political life and save the Constitution of his country from wreck. With him, to see the path of duty was to. follow it, He therefore en- tered the political areza at an early age, but abruptly -retired after a brief ex- perience, having made the observation that the possession of wealth was essential to the Prosecution of a successful political career. This observation caused Mr. Tilden a serious pang. He had a passionate fondness for the Joys of domestic life, coupled with an aver- sion which amounted to loathing for the sharp practices and double-dealing necessary to the rapid accumulation of a vast fortune. Thus early in life the alternative was pre- sented to Mr. Tilden of marrying and settling down to a life of domestic repose, or of sac- Tificing himself for the benefit af his coun- try. With that heroic self-abnegation which has distinguished every moment and every act of his subsequent life, Mr. Tilden threw himself into the whirlpool of lega) business, burying remorselesly all soft toughts _ot fore it is that the city should provide for the | bition of paternity. | e, all hope of domestic comfort, all am- Hiding his grief at the stern dictates of his hard fate beneath the folds of the Con- stitution, he became a railway-wrecker! He was not unaware that his chosen calling would he thé occasion of heaping upon his head mountains of abuse. But he said to himself: ‘The end justifies the means. My country isin danger. I alone can preserve it from destruction, and I can only accomplish my heroic purpose by a liberal use of money. From this great mission a wife would dis- tract my attention; the prattling of children would deter me} the social requirements of the family circle would weaken my high resolve. As Hamlet put away from him the dream of Ophelia’s love, so will I put aside all fond thoughts and intents. To me my nephew Pelton shall be wife, child, and family circle.” Thus Mr, Tilden quenched passion and emotion, presenting to the world an exterior cold, calculating, and remorse- less. Inspired by a noble purpose and boundless devotion, he robbed a railway, as a despairing father would rob a baker’s shop to procure a loaf of bread for his starving children. With the holy design of saving the Government from de- struction, he cheated that Government out of its revenue, In pursuance of the same great object, he caused the files of acourttobe rifled of its records in order to prevent their use to deprive him of a portion of the estate essential to the success of his benign scheme of the Government’s salvation. All the pro- ceeds of these robberies Mr. Tilden’ laid away, with a religious benediction, in his strong-box, against the day of his country’s need, : 3 But after all Mr. Tilden is only human. As there were moments in the life of Hamlet, the ‘avenger of the wrongs of his murdered father, when thoughts of love nearly drove him from the execution of his great purpose, so there are times when the sensitive and lov- ingnature of Mr. Tilden revolts and reasserts its sway over the whole man. In these mo- ments of weakness Mr. Tilden’s warm heart is convulsed by terrible gusts of, passionate tenderness. The soft emotions ‘of' a gener- ous and loving nature, repressed for years, break forth like a torrent, bearing down everything before. them. During these epi- sodes Mr. Tilden makes violent love to some beautiful woman, and in wooing he is per- fectly irresistible. He possesses the ardor of a boy overwhelmed by his first passion, and the tenderness of girl in her teens. His paralytic eye is restored to life and im- mediately resumes proper relations with its old neighbor on the other side of the nose, and in all respects conducts itself as @ well- Tegulated optic should behave, charming with smiles and tears, and finishing the conquest with an irresistible wink. It is during these episodes that the rumor goes forth that Mr. Tilden is intending matri- mony. Itis under these circumstances that Pelton plays the Ghost to Tilden’s Hamlet. At breakfast, the nephew, in sepulchral tones, reads the announcement in the morn- ing paper, There is an ominous silence. Pelton inguires, in a stage whisper, whether itis true that Mr. Tilden has aban- doned his solemn purpose to save his coun- try through the enticing invitation of love,— of the smiles, and tears, and sighs of a fasci- nating woman. Suddenly Mr. Tilden’s erstwhile lonely eye, which, but the night before, “looked love to eyes which spake again,” becomes frozen, still, and cold in its socket. The lover disappears in the patriot; the sage regards his nephew with a glance of mingled gratitude and abhorrence, takes another muffin, rises from the festive board, paces the floor of his library, meanwhile dic- tating a letter to Gov. Garcelon directing him to hold on to. the Government of the State of Maine, and another to Smith Weed request- ing his services in and about the next Presi- dential election. renee OLD MEN, AND MARRIAGE, There seems to be an unfounded prejudice in the community against old men, which manifests‘itself most violently when old men manifest a disposition to marry. They are immediately assailed upon all sides with the cheerful declaration that there is no fool like an old fool. Itis unanimously assumed, first, that he has no right to marry; second, that he has no need of marriage; third, that he should turn his entire attention to the affairs of the other world instead of the marital state; fourth, that it is sufficient evidence for application for a writ de lunatico inqui- rendo; fifth, that he is the victim of infatua- tion; sixth, that the cunning fowler hascanght him in her snares with the intention of de- monetizing his children; and thus we might go on numerically to the end of the catalog. The lady who has the courage to unite her- self to senilityruns asimilar gauntlet, Some of her friends are reminded of May and De- cember. Some think she is a bold, horrid thing. Others, for the life of them, can’t comprehend what she sees in that dreadful old granny. Her next-door neighbor won- ders if she will enjoy herself tucking him up nights and mixing his gruel, while the children of the happy old gentleman. hate her with a cordial malice that is extremely ingenious in discovering methods of annoy- ance. ‘The marriage of Charles O’Conor, the em- inent lawyer, and Bfrs. Hicks, the eminent ensnarer of old gentlemen, is a case in point. Rumor and gossip have been busy with them ever since if was announced, and all sorts of theories haye been propounded to account for what is called an ill-assorted alliance, And why ill-assorted ? Mr. O’Conor fs uni- Vasally conceded to stand very near if not atthe head of the American Bar. That is Proo of his mental ability. He has recently gone through an illness that would have Killed any ordinary man, and defied the doctors and Death, even when the former had handed him over to the latter. That is proof the old gentleman has a good constitution and splendid physical power, He has re- cently put upon record the belief that the Democratic party is past any hope of re- turning common sense, That is proof of his good judgment and close observation. He is very wealthy. That is proof he knows how to take care of his money. He has married & very smart and véry handsome woman. That is‘proofof his good taste. He knew Mrs. Hicks’ past Mfe, for her record has been very generously bruited abroad in the news- papers. That is proof he has-not been en- trapped. Why should he not marry her? And why, on the other hand, should not Mrs. Hicks marryMr. O’Conor? She isnot eutering upona new and untried course of life, tobe doomed to unhappiness and dis- Sppoiutment. Though still in her prime, and not out of her forties, she has had senile experience. Her first husband was an old man, and there is nothing to show thathe was not a happy old man, or that she was not a happy young woman. Her second husband, Mr. Lord, was an old man, and, not- withstanding - the calummy that was heaped- upon her head, and the ab- surd stories that were circulated, there is nothing to show that the late Mr. Lord was nota happy man during the brief time he had the pleasure to sojourn with her, orthatshe did not manage his affairs with skill and judgment. And, ‘now that she has married a third old man, who even now is worth a regiment of average young ‘men, have we not the right to assume that they will be as happy as any two young people who commence life as gossamer and rain- bows, without any of that knowledge nee essary for the procuring of bonnets and beefsteaks which Mrs.-Hicks and Mr. O’Conor. have acquired through Jong years of valu- able experience? They know the world, all its crooks and its turns, There is no un- certainty about the future, as both have plenty of money. There is no.social position tobe struggled for; they have already at- tained it. There are no battles to be fought, for their fighting days are over. They are not obliged get acquainted with each other; the public supplied that want long ago. There is no “blasted nonsense” in the busi~ ness, for they have long passed beyond thi jurisdiction of the fool-killer. It is nonsense to charge that Charles O’Conor is the victim of infatuation, for he is the last man in the world to be infatuated with anything or anybody. And, even if he were, what does it signify? It is the com- ‘mon experience of life that all persons are infatuated when they marry. If they were not, they probably wouldn’t marry at all, | to the study of the problem what it was they were infatuated with. Nature, in this mat- ter as in many others, is kindly in her offices, As the boa~onstrictor garnishes the rabbit before it swallows it with a glutinous sub- stance. that makes it go down easier,. so Nature wraps the two lovers with a glamour that makes the mutual absorption perfectly ‘practical, the} mistake not being discovered until the time for digestion arrives, when they wonder why they liked each other so much. But, eyen admitting that Mr. O’Conor 43 infatuated,|does he show bad taste in be- ing infatuated with a handsome woman, especially when he has money enough to in- dulge his infatuation to the forthest stretch of luxury? | There is no room for faultfinding in this case. Mrs. Hicks has obtained a husband of whom any woman might be proud who wants social position, family pride, and the comforts which wealth can obtain. Mr. O’Conor has obtained a wife of whom any man might. be proud! who wants,,beauty, brightness, and experience in life. jis was, no stake ventured upon the turn of the wheel, buta fair exchange, and both are to be congratulated. | We make no doubt that they will be happy together; and, when the gallant groom is gathered to his fathers, there is no special reason why the thrice-triumph- ant widow should| not make some other old gentleman happy, and so continue fn her missionary work until her duties are ended. Instead of calumny, she deserves credit for the courage with which she has asserted the great principle that old men have the right to get married, and practically carried it out by giving her hand to an old gentleman whom the whole country honors, ——$—_—_—_— . ASTRONOMICAL. Chicago (Trmmuse office), north Iatitude 42 deg. 52m. 575,; west longitude, 42m. 18s. from Washington, and 5b. 50m. 30s. from Greenwich. The subjoined table shows the time of setting of the moon’s lower limb, and the official time for lighting thd first street-lamp in each circuit in this city, during the coming week, unless or- dered sooner on account of bad weather. Also the following times for extinguishing the first Jamp:; i SOS Ey SD en s bs B ‘The moon sets this evening at Sh. 502m. ‘The new moon will occur Monday (to-morrow) at Sh. 2im. a.m. Thursday morning the moon will be near Jupiter, and Saturday morning near Saturn, Thursday evening she will be above Jupiter, and the next evening between Saturn and the Square of Pegasus. Monday, sun’s upper limb rises 7h. 4m. a. m. Souths lim. 23.53 p.m. Sets 5h. 25{m. p. m. Friday, sua’s upper limb rises ¢h. $9m. a.m. Souths 14m. 27.38 p.m. Seta 5b. 30{m. p.m. Sidereal time Thursday noon, 2th. 26m. 39.54. Mercury is n¢ar the sun; tothe westwa~4. Th> Superior Conjunction will occur next Saturday afternoon. . Venns isa morning star. Thursday she rises at Sh. 0m. a. m.; souths at 9h. 40m. a. m.; nearly three-fourths of her disc is illuminated. She is now approaching the sun. Mars is an evening star. Thursday souths at 6h. 17m. p. m., and sets at Ih. 45m. the following morning.. About nine-tenths of his itluminated dise is turned toward us. He is near the Plei- ades, and on )Monday will be only two degreca south of that group of stars. Jupiter is an evening star. Thursday, sets at ‘h. dim. p,m. He Is a short distance south from the square of Pegasus. Saturn is an evening star, nearly midway be- tween the apparent places of Mars and Jupiter, and southeast from the Square of Pegasus. Thursday hesouths at 3h. 19m., and sets at 9b. 2m. p. m. The breadth of his ring system is apparently about one-sixth ot its apparent di- ameter. 3 Uranus souths Thursday at Ih. 07m.am. Hoe is just visible to the naked cye ina clear sky; but not so favorably aituated for evening obser- vation as he wil! be a month hence, Neptune souths Thuraday st 5h. Im, p.m. Right Ascension 2h.30}4m., and Declination 12 deg. 63 min. north. He 1s invisible except through a telescope. - ‘The middie starin the belt of Orion souths at 8h. Olm. Thursday evening; and Sirius will south at Oh. im. ~ A comparison of ail the reported measures that have been made of arcs of the earth’s meridian gives the following as the most Prob- able values of the earth’s dimensions: Feet. Miles. Metres. Equatorial radius..20,926,000 3963.26 6,378,200 Polar radius. .... ..20,854.200 3049.78 6,356,500 Ratio of the axes, 292.94 to 203.94, Logarithm of axes, 9.995200, The eccentricity is one-twolfth, very nearly. Value of one degree,'‘on the equator, 865,328 feet. Equatorial cire ference at sea-level, 24,002 miles; and circumference on a meridian, 24,860 mites, very nearly. Surface on sea- level, 196,938,000 square miles. ‘The circumstances of the case scarcely war- sant the supposition that we can obtain aknowl- edge of the carth’s dimensions that may be de- pended upon as true to with one-milllonth part of the whole. Probably one part in a hundred thousand is nearer the limit of accuracy. ‘The polar radius, as kbove given, is 7,600 inches in excess of 250,250,000 inches, which {s supposed to be the value of 10,000,000 cubits of the Great Egyptian id. The Pyramid inch bas been stated to be eqval to 1.001 British inch; it would require to be equal to 1.00103 inch, in order to make the above-given dimensions correspond, with the theory that the polar radius 1s 250,000,-" 000 Pyramid inches. The nearness of this com- mensurability was first pointed out by the late Sir J. F. W. Herschel, in 1863, as a powerfulargu- ment against the adoption of the French; metre asa unit of measure, the metre being in error to the extent of more than one Part in 6,000 from what it was assumed to be—viz.: one 10,000,000th part of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian. . =—__ : THE New York Democratic Papers assert that the Empire State is the Pivotal one in the next Presidential campaign, and that in order to carry it Mr. Tilden, Mr, Seymour, Judge Church, or some other good New York man, should be nomilnated for the first place on the ticket. The Republicans think that the nomination on their side should be made with special reference to carrying that State, as withont New York the day fs lost. In Ohio the Democrats insist that ‘Thurman must be nominated in order to carry that State for the Democracy, and that no other Democrat can take it out of ‘the list of Repub- Ucad States. On the Republican sfde the same necessity—say his friends—exists for nominat- ing John Sherman. Pennsylvanians haven’tany * favorit son "' yet developed for the Presidency, but they will be likely to hang their Ip if they cannot dictate the nomination at Chicago. Mr. Hendricks’ pacnleyake the same position ia Indiana. That State is doubtful, they say, with any other candidate in’ the. field but Tom Hendricks, and Tom ‘it must be. “The Republicans of Indiana don’t insist on the first pince on the ticket, but they are quite certain that, with Ben Harmson as the candidate for Vice-President, it would be adusty hunt for the Democratic party in Indiana. The same may be said of both parties in some other States.. Party fealty is not strong enough to since after marriage they devote themselves hold the voters up to the scratch : stimulated by the nomination of a feat? a8 date, and they can only “boom” for a fay son. But the Maine and Ulinois Repubh ted not predicate thelr support of the nomi @ the Chicago Convention upon -any such bd and unpatriotic motives. Both States haven? favorits,—Itnois a pair of them,—eminest oe zens; but, if the choice falls to some other Sta they will keep step to the. Republican musi = the same. ‘The line of battle will not wove ad either of those’ States, no matter Who She standard-bearer. Their _Republicani ism dens matter of principle that adheres through ergs pia pian He & mere incident Of pe: lendship, depending for its local considerations. Sens, tm ——. A SCHOOLMASTER named Dohe: from Charicetown, County Mayo, Pegi Freeman's Journal, gives a Ppitiabdle Pleat the suffering in his locality. He says: «qe, 8 school which is attended by 250children, = are 107 in attendance to-day; on last wy, there were only thirty-nine, the Atten being very low of late on account of the alyzing apathy which exists among the peo caused by want. I have known several since last November in which children at mny school without having tasted a morsel thes” day.” Surely this is a state of things whien should not be permitted to exist in any ch community, and the system and the ment which are responsible for it are ‘The ponal laws of the Inst century only g1 the minds of a majority of the ‘Trish people; the land laws starve the body and wi mind aswell. How can hungry, half-clad cum dren be expected to progress in their studies, even should they attend school? It Spears that, in this case hunger and want of clo 213 out of 250 children home trom school, te Government that permits such a state of ‘ calls itself civilized and enlightened. Tt would seem that patience should soon cease to des virtue in Ireland. How long,O Lord! how long? ees Mr. E. G. Asay, the well-known. bibliophite of this city, has recently-received from and Parissome rare and beautiful books. : them is an edition de tuxeof L’ Abbé Prévost's “Manon Lescant,” and another of A) “Daphnis et Chloé,” each containing a preface by Dumas fils, These volumes are publishes by Louis Glady, in London; they are printed og ‘Turkey mill paper, in blue and red ink, andfrom the most distinct and beautifully-rounded The edition of each fs limited ta a3. copies, printed on various kinds of rare and costly pa. Per. Another valuable volume recently ay. quired by Mr. Asay is a history of Jeanng « D'Arc by H. Wallon,—a large quarto, by fac-similes of the illustrations found incl manuscripts, and of the engravings, paintings, tapestry, sculpture, and other works of art sug- gested by the career of La Pucelle, embracing samples from her own time down to the present, —_—_—_— - Tus Denver Tribune says: “The Hon, Thomas B. Bryan, of Idaho Springs, has re. cently purchased a group of lodes on Sulphures Hill, near Idaho, which form a very valuable mining property. The lodes are easily acces}. ble, situated conveniently for development, an& two of them, the France and Prance Extensi carry ore of unusually high grade. Tea ‘taken from the France averaged $1,000 per ton in gold and silver. From a number of assayeer tificates one gives eighteen ounces-of gold and 2i7 ounces of silver, another forty- ounces of gold and 450 ounces of silver, and a! third assays thirty ounces in gold and 6 ounces in silver per ton. The shaft is but fifteen feet deep, and the ore is usually a brown de- composed, friable mineral. The ore-mill rng from $500 to $600 per to. — ANEW dodge troubles the passengers on the Long Island Sound steamers. -'The walls of the staterooms do not ron all the way up 10 the ceiling, but there is an opening along it 10 that the rooms may be ventilated. Recently several robberies have occurred because of this, the case of Miss W.J. Davis furnishing an exe ample. Miss Davis, who was a passenger on the steamer Massachusetts, hung her dress on the only peg in the room when she retired last Sate urday night, About 1 o'clock a man, whohad purposely selected the adjoining stateroom, slipped a hook throngh the opening, caught the dress, and dragged it noiselesly up and through into his room. Relieving the pockets of the valuable contents, the robber as noiselesly put the dress back again, and, vacating his roosy left the steamer before morning. —— A Doustrx dispatch of yesterday says: “The Empress of Austria arrived yesterday 08 her annual bunting tour in Ireland. She was ree ceived with the heartiest demonstrations of wel- some, and many compliments were heard on her friendly and social ition, so diferent from the conduct of Queen Victoria, in secluding bere self so completely from the people of {reland.” Old Madam Vic never liked the Irish, and bag always exhibited a special aversion to the aiste? island. Wo believe that during her forty-three Fears’ reign sho never set her foot onit butonce, When the inhabitants, under the joint effectof British rents and potato failure, were dying ia 1847 by tens of thousands, she prevented the Sab tan of Turkey from giving £10,000 for theirreliefy and made him cut it down to £2,000, thossmeaf’ her own insignificant donation. —-— Tue Atlanta (Ga.) Republican is in pum Suit of information, 3 appears from the follow: ing extract from its columns: “ The papers in ferm us that two negroes have been fined $100 each in Morgan County, Ga., for enticing cole ored men to emigrate to Mississippi. It musthé aqueer law under which such proocedings.are had, especially in a State which bas passed & Jnw to encourage immigration, and has appoint ed an ‘Immigration Commissioner.’ . Suppot® that New York should fine Mr. Fontaine $100 {ar ‘enticing’ her citizens to remove to Georgi, whata howl there would be, and justly! And what is the difference? Docs Georgia punish ‘negroes’ for what she appoints white ment? do? Will somebody who knows explain this law tous?” P Tuey have the meanest swindlers of the day in.Boston, according to the Traveller. Afew days since a young couple called on a prominent clergyman and esked him what his price befor marrying them. He answered $5. They having no company, he called in two of bis servants as witnesses. The services ended, the bridegroom presented a §50 bill and wns given i exchange $15. A few days after, having oct stori to use the $50 bill, the clergyman foundié to be a rank counterfeit. The clergyman, 02 reflection, now thinks that they were two Youngs seamps, one dressed in girl's clothes, as the pur Ported bride never looked him in the face while he performed the ceremon: .. FREDERICK HETLER, a farmer of Martony ., was approached the other day-by a wellt dressed man who wanted to buy ateam of 26 horses. As the stranger's credentials were Hetler sold the horses, taking in pays United States bond for $500 and giving the stranger his note for $300. The purchaser of the drove away with the team, stopped sat the oe bank, disposed of the note, and disappeared. few hours after the sharper's departure aoe found that the bond was bogus, a counterf and utterly worth! Iy 1847S many Coroner’s juries throughon? Ireland returned verdicts of willful murie’ against the English landlords and the Englis Government. A Coroner's jury in Kings Coun ty, Ireland, recently returned a verdict of dra ful murder against a landlord who evicted : Person on whose body the inquest was held. is now the duty of the Government to oaly the landlord, but it will scarcely do £0; an 4 cnunce of retaining power after the nextel ts 1s to keep the landlord and the publican on side. Losvor Spectator: “The French are hes keenest reasoners in Europe, and shrink a stinctively from half measures. With el thinkers a change of opinions or beliefs, to 4 Receptable, must be fundamental. The eee love of compromise is too often foundi 4 muddled brains rather than moderation, Leet the so-called French fickleness springs quite ty much from clearness of head a3 from of temper.” ——— ‘Tue Rey. Mr. Taylor, of Richmond, Ind, undertook to escort a young lady Se church to her home, in order to protect tal ea the attentions of a suitor who was disliked OF her parents; but the suitor waylaid the ect man, whipped him savagely, and eloped the young lady. | Excepr the magnificent gift of the late fe ‘T. Stewart to the merchants of Chicago after great fize, thore has been no munificence compares with the subscription of Mr. of the New York Herald, of Simm ta