Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 10, 1880, Page 4

he Tribune. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. ny {ura ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREPAID. Pally edition, one year... 00 Paria of a year Sunday Rdluont Danble hast... Saturday Kattion, sixteen pag WEEKLY EDITION: One copy, por yonr. Stun of foe, Sinb of tan.. Siu of two ‘Bpecimon coptea sont froe. Givo Post-Office address in full, Including State nnd Connty. Tiemittances may be mnde olther by draft, express, Poat-Ofiico ordor, or in reristored letter, ut our risk. © TEUMS TO CITY SUBSCIUDIRS. Dally, delivered, Sunday excepted, 23 cents por Wook. Dally, delivorod, Sinday tncluded, BO cents por Wook, Address THY TRIBGNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-ats., Chicago, Ik. POSTAGE. Entered at'the Post-(pice at Chicago, MW, as Seconde . Class Matter, " For tho benefit of our patrons who dasiro to sond Binglo coples of ‘THR Trine through tho mail, we aglve horowith the translont mto of postage: * Domestic. Per cony. ¥lant and Twolve Page Paper. cent Hixteon Yaga Papers... cents + Flaht and ‘Twelve Page Papo cents Ektaan' tage Papar veneese con essa f : 3 M4 Ff t : | themselves, and, if they refuse to obey, wipe ——— TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. ‘Tne CHICANO TRInUNE has established brinch offices for the recolpt of subscriptions and nivertiso~ monts as follows: NEW YORK—Noom 2 Tribune Building. F.‘T. Mc- FADDEN, Manager, PARIS, France.—No. 16 Rue de tn Grange-Batolors. H.-MAULEn, Agent, LONDON, Eng.—American Exchange, 419 Strand. HENNY F. (Lui, Agent. WASHINGTON, U.—1318 F AMUSEMENTS, MeVicker'a Theatre. Madison streot, botween Denrborn und State. En- mmgoment of Mr, and Birs, D. HE. Bundmann. Afternoon, “Lady of Lyons. Evening, “ Ichard 1 TMooloy’s Theatre. “Randolph streot, butweon Clark and LaSalle, En- gngoment of the CollierCombination, “''ho Banker's Daughter.” Afternoon und evening. Haverly’s Thentre, Donrborn street, corner of Monroe. Engagement of the Chicago Church Choir Company, “HH. M8, Piuafore.” Afternoon snd ovoning. Haniin's ‘Theatre. Clark rtreot, betweon Washington and Randolp. Engagoment of Mls Dicklo Lingard. "Our Moya." . SATURDAY, JANUARY 10, 1880, —_—_ eee Ti: taking of testimony in the cele- brated Hnyden murder trial at New IIaven, Conn., was yesterday finished, ‘The ease has been In continuous hearlng since the 7th of October, 1879, . — AVERY malicious and mean attack by a Masonie Journal at’ Indianapolis upon the Triennial Encampment Comunittes of Chica- xo Is met and answered In our columns this morning by a Chicago Sir Knight in a man- ner thatwill command the respectful consid- eration of Masons everywhere. "TWENTY insane persons were yesterday transferred from tho Cotnty Asylum at Jefferson to tho State Hospital nt Kankakee, belng tho first installment from this county to the new Institution, ‘fhe change will bo greatly to the benetit of the patients removed, as well as to those left behind, for the County Asylum was badly overcrowded, * ‘Tr: formal opening by te city of the Ful- lorton avenue conduit occurred yesterday, aud the pumping machinery was sct in mo- ton by which it Is expected to flush tho North Branch with pure water from the lake and by the creation of a rapid current to purify that unpleasant stream, ‘In tho present swollen condition of the river, re- sulting from recent rains, a thorough test of the working of the conduit is not practicable, and it will be several days beforo the success 9f the undertaking enn be correctly judged, " | en ret Tr has commenced to rain conventions, and tho prospect is that there will be a gail deal of a shower by the time the Democratic Na- tional Committee mvots next month and chooses Chicago as the place of nominating the Democratic candidates for President and Vice-President of the United States, Yes- terday the Greenback Conference at Wash- ington issued a call for tha Convention of the National Greenback Labor party to be held in Chicago, commencing on Wednesday, June 9, one week Inter than the Republican Convon- tion. Tire delegution of Ute Indiane’ twelve in mumber, who are on thelr way'to Waahing- ton to confer with ‘the Government relative to the cession of their reservations in Colo- rado back to tho United States, passed through Chicago yesterday. These are not the Indians for whose surrender a demand was nade by Gen. Latch at Los Pinos, nono of them having had any hand in the atroel- ties at White River Agency, though three of the party wero In the Thornburgh fight. Ouray, the Chief vf the four Ute tribes, heads the delegation, and by the services he has rendered in the {interest of peace has gulned the good will of the authoritivs Ina marked degree. Unfortunately for his people, how- “ever, there Ja: butone Ouray, and his good deeds aro far outweighed by the feurful erimes of Douglas and his follow-ilends, and the ultimate fate of the Ute Nation as regards the holding of their lands fn Colorado !s no Jonger In doubt; they must go, ‘Tro voluminous official correspondence and documents In tho Interlor Departmant touching tho bloody Ute outbreak in Colo- rado last fall, which were printed in the Inst jasue of Ti Tuimuny, only confirm what haa been stated heretofore from unofiicial sources ag to the cruelty and brutality of the savages. ‘Lhe correspondence further em- phasizes what has already been urged in Tae Trmune os to the polley which should be adopted in this’ ense— namely; that the ‘gullty parties should be punished, and that the remainder of the ‘Utes should be moved outof Colorado asspoed- ilyas possible to some locality where there canbe no repstition of these outruges, and , Where they shall be compelled to go to work, If this correspondence shows anything at all, itshows the folly of ‘longer making treaties. with Indians or dealing with them-usforelgn nations, The heroic method is the only one loft, Strip them of thelr ponies and arms, give them land, and make them support them out, ‘TuEny is now no Governor in Maine, nor anybody qualified to discharge the Executlve functions. The property of the Stute ls un der the protection of Gen. Chamberlain, of the milltfa, who seems to possess the respect and confidence of all parties, It ts belleved he would refuse to recognize any porson as Gavernor who should be elucted by tho Leg- iglature t. present constituted, and cer- tulnly no:Goavernor can be elected until the Hepublicans take their seafs.in the House and. Genste and. thereby make .. Upa@legal quorm. ‘This they haye no pres- ent intention pf dotug, but are apparently content to play. 8 walting gaine, In the ex- poctation that the Fuslonist compact will full tg vleces throueb Inherent weakness, Tho THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: bribery charges were yesterday mado moro oxplfcit, one Wallace R, White, 2 Republic- an, being named os the person who offered $1,000 each to -two Fustonists as an Induce- ment to thent to surrender their certificates and resign their seats, Mr. White denies the charge entirely, and it {9 to be remembered in his favor that at the time he fs alleged to have offered tho bribes the Fusion quorum qwas already destroyed by the refusal of three mon to take their certifleates, and there was no necessity for: hiring anybody to help pre- vent a quoru ‘Tneng was one glaring inconsistency in the statements mnde by the speakers ut the masemeeting of tho Butchers’ Union tn Dexter Park on Thursday, It was assorted thatthe odium of the strike rested upon the packers, who were using it simply nsa means to break the hog-market”; and the same speaker said a little further on that “the cmissaries of the packers were out [in all the snloons doing their best to get Union men drunk and take them ovar to the pack- {ng-house to go back to work,’ and that ho “knew of men who had been offered Sida day to go back to work.” There ts a palpn- We contradiction in these statements which Intelligent licarers ought to have discovered. If tho packers were responsible for the strike, and desired to maintaln it In order to “bear” tho fhog-market, then it {5 certain they would not resort to tricks to Induce tho butchers to resume thelr places, ‘The theory that the pack- ers Mnstignted the strike is sufliclently disproved by the efforts they are making to Improve the present packing-season by em- ploying all men who are willing tq work at largo wages without seeking to manage and control thelr business. Meanwhile some 8,000 or 10,000 men prefer to remain idle In the Insane effort to compel their would-be employers to concede conditions that would be disastrous lo business. er Tne St Louis Reptdblican affects to re gard as very preposterous Tne ‘Cinuus statement that the threo States of Olio, In- diana, and Illinois can provide employment. for “all the colored farm laborers the Caro- linas and Virginia can furnish”? The num- ber of colored farm Inborers that could bo spared from the three Southern States named probably docs not exceed 100,000 to 150,000; after that number had emigrated induce- ments would be nade in the shapo of better wages and fairer treatment that would retain the others, Missourl, with not more than two-thirds the agricultural population of INl- nols, has from 120,000 to 150,000 colored peo- ple, and Kentucky, with not one-half the agricultural population of this State, sustains inore than 200,000 black Inborers. Wecannot discover, then, why it is unreasona- ble to assume that the three great States of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio can tako enre of it least as many colored familics 2s Missouri alone. ‘The demand is not only for the farm laborers, but for the familtes who will permanently locate upon prosperous farms and assist In the housework and the “chores? which make farm-life so burden- some, Inallof the Northern States named, a large portion of the people come from Southern fomilles, and have no prejudices agninst black Inbor, but have always missed itin thelr Northern homes. All such peo- plo wilt gladly welcome tho assistance of colored women and children, as well as of farm-laborers, in the old-fashtoned Southern way. ‘The real objection entertained by the St. Louts Republican is against a. possible tnerease {n the political representation of the North, and an amelioration in the con- dition of the blacks. COWARDICE IN MAINE. It was very generally supposed by all peo- ple who have x knowledge of law and by all who respect the operation of law that, after the Supreme Court of Maine had rendered its decision last Saturday upon the election questions voluntarily submitted to it by Gov. Gareelon, the Fuslonists would nc- cept such a decision as finul, and act aceord- Ingly; that those who had beon kept out of their seats In violation of Iaw would take them; and that the Republican majority would proceed to organize the House under the law. It was even expected by the Fu- stonists themselves that the Republicans woult tuko possession of the House and bundle out the non-clected usurpers. They were demoralized and prepared to go, and are even surprised that they did not xo. They would have gone !f the Ropublican leaders had had the courage te give the sig- nal, It needed only a word from thein to turn the usurpers out of both Houses and to seat the representatives who had been legally chosen by the people. But there was no one to speak the word. In the very instant of the crisis, when resolute and determined netion would have placed the majority In peaceful possession of their rights, they hesitated, delayed, and paltered, and ‘the chance was lost. Tho Assistant Clerk, a con- venient tool of the desperade Pillsbury, or- ganized the House without opposition, and ran in the Fusiontsts who wore not elected, while in the Senate those of the Fusionists who were elected combined with those who were not, aud ousted the Republicans who were elected, without even so much as a pro- test on thelr part. Thus, for want of the most ordinary courage and resolution on tho part of the Republican lendors, this infamous outrage was consummated, and Goy, Garee- Jon Is patted on the back by tha Revolution- ists, and praised for his courage in. securing aresultwhich is due not to his cournge but to the lack of courage on the partof the Ro- publican leaders, Where were these loaders, what were they doing, when this great villainy was consunt- wnted ?. Everything was in thelr favor, ‘The Fustontsts wore disptrited, demoralized, and Hopeless, “A guilty consclenca had made cowards of them all, while thelr opponents, whose cause was just, were thrice armed, ‘They could not havo resisted a determined attack for an instant, They even expected to be bundled out of the seats they had stolen, but this golden opportunity found the Republican leaders too thud and nerveless to improve it They wero sitting by, sucking thelr thumbs, walting for tho sky to fall before they would venture to catch their larks, $Thoy had tho law on thelr side, ‘They were armed with the decision of the Supreme Court, All the facta in thecase wore in thelr favor, ‘Thoy were tno logal majority In both Houses, ‘Thelr men were all on the ground, but thore was noone to lead them. Why did they not goin cand tuke Utr seats to which they were elected, und hold:them? Jf thoy hud done go, the orlsis would have ended jthen and thore, and there would have been eno further question of the validity of thoir } title, for “thrico ts he armed who hath his quarrel Just.” It Is ditiicntt for Western Republicans, whose blood has been boiling over this In- famous fraud for weeks, to view tho situation with pationce, ‘They are disgusted at tho shilly-shallytng of those lenters, and at the tlnild, nerveless, If not pusillaninous, man- ner in which they frittered away thelr oppor tunity and allowed the legally-elected - repre- sentatives to be clicated out of thoir seats, when one bold word spoken at the right tle would have driven the whole Fuslon crew out of doors. If this outrage had been attempted Ju “IiMuols, if the Democracy had sought to steal the seats of the legally: elected majority, the Republicans would havo driven them out neck and heels and si their sents, and the people of Iltnols would finve scen to St that thoy kept them, The people of Malne, Indignant at Garecton’s fraud, stood rendy to support the Republican leaders, If there hnd been n hint of trouble, or any possibility of violence, there wero thirty thousand Unton veterans of the War in that State, onraged nt thelr deprivation of represnntation and the larceny of the Gov- criinent, who would have beoit on hand at Augusta and settled the business in a por- fectly satisfactory and conclusive manner, If any resistance had been offered, they would have taken the’ Fusion usurpers by the nane of the neck and flung them out of the doors and windows and seated the right- fully-elected occupants in their places. ‘Their action would have been applauded by the whole country, Including the decent Democrats, By tho cownrdica of these leaders they havo once more prejudiced the legal rights of the majority. They have given assent to the infamous proposition that the will of the majority ean be set nshle with impunity by the chicanery and fraud of the minority. In aeconilict between the rights of the people and the ustrpations of revolutionists they havo ylelded the ground without a struggle, and that, too, ata time when a single bold movement for thelr rights would have secured it, The evil result of their sur- ronder {s not vontined to Matue alone. It atfects the whole country, and impertis the success of Republicanism. If there fs any- thing to do which will make reparation, they should be quick to do it, or they will find themselves branded with the contempt of all men, BRITISH SITUATION IN AFGHANISTAN. ‘The victory gained by Slr Frederick Rob- erts over the Afghans on the 23d of Decem- ber hag again placed the British troops In possession of Cabul and such portions of Afghanistan as they.are able to oecupy. Since the beginning of the troubles It has been predicted by those familiar with Afghan character that no permanent orgunized re- sistance was to be expected, but that the British troops would be constantly subjected to isolated attacks by the hardy mount- alneers whenever suitable oceaslons were presented, So far in the course of the war, this prediction has been fully verified. Taught by his ‘experience of the 2d of De- cember that the English ware too strong for him around Cabul, it ts probable that Mo- hammed Jan, the Afghan lealer, permitted his men to return to. their villages in aceord- ance with this systent. He will doubtless repent his attempt to guin possession of Cabul whenever the British garrlson is suf- ficiently reduced to Invite attack. So long ag the Afghan people are governed by these tactics, It is not probable that the British can permanently control any other portions of the country than those actually ocenpied by them. In spite of Gen, Roberts’ victory, wo may expect in future to seo the British troops attacked on every occasion whieh affords the Afghans any hope of success, ‘They are 9 brave race, and are as yet by no menns subdued, Tho military aspect of the question, how- ever, has now become ono of secondary im portance. ‘The British troops will no doubt continue to whip the Afgnans without dim- culty In the Jarge majority of eases. While the British army can be maintained in sufl- cfent strength sround Cabul, the pet idea of Lord Salisbury, that an English Agent shall be stationed at Cabul, will probably be car- ried out, If the troops are withdrawn or reduced in numbers to such an extent as to afford this Agent insufficient protection, it may be predicted that he wilt be sacrificed, as were Sir William MeNaghten In 1841 and Sir Lewis Cavagnari durlug the Inst September. The Afghans have given, since {&8, tho most unmistakable avidenee that thoy would not permit the residence of an English Envoy ‘ut Cabul, nor tolerate English interference In their affairs, It has been repeatedly stated by the Amecrs of Afghanistan that they had not the power to protect the life of an En- glish Agent nt Cabul, even though they might be willing to receive him. Ina Dur bar held some years since at Peshawurit was expressly so stated by the Ameer Shere All to Lord Lytton. ‘This statement, however, was not belleved, Lord Salisbury persisted in hls demand, and jn order to enforce it’ brought on the present war, Tho occupa- tlon of Afghanistan by tho English in 1839 was brought about by the same reason, ‘The events attending both ovcupations have, up to this time, been singularly similar, But besides doing violence to the Afghan people in thus forcing an Envoy upon them, the British Government has been wilifully deaf to every representation opposed to Its views which was made by its own subjects, The experience of tho past, and tho opinions of such exports in Asiatic affairs as Slr John Lawrence, the nblest Governor-General of India in later years, have been scouted and sneered at as absurd. Every principle of justice, humanity, and right has been vlo- lated in the most outrageous mantier, that, by the presence of a British Envoy at Cabul, Russian intluence with the Afghan people might be counteracted, At different stuges of the war, the ques- tion “ What will he do with it?” has been asked by Inrge portions of the English peo- ple, During the lust session of Parliament tho Cabinet was repeatedly urged by the Lib- eral party to define what its permanent pol- fey In Afghanistan was tobe. ‘The reply in each case give adequate reason fur tho be- Nef that no detinit policy had been fixed upon, At first it was sald that the establish- iment of an Envoy at Cabul to prevent Rus sian intrigue was solely desired. Evorything like Interference In tho-alfairs of Afghants- tan was positively disavowed. ‘Tho desire to annex any portion of Its territory was vehie- mentlydenied, ‘The easy occupation, howey- er, of Jellalubad, Koonmn, and Candahar led to other views, which resulted in the treatyof Gandamack, By this treaty the presence of an English Envoy at Cabul was not only insured, but Jé was agreed that this Envoy should have charge of the foreign affairs of Afghunistan, and that a large tract of country, known na the “selontifie front- fer” to India, should be ceded to England, Since the murder of Maj, Cavagnari, and the subsequent oceupation of Crbul by Gon, Roberts, the question is again put forward with more persistency, anid a categorical re- ply demanded, ‘The British Ministry have so fur not aitempted a response. Everything indleates that the new condition of affairs finds them without any wellalefined Idea as to whut thoy will do, and leaves tho fmpres- slon that they are painfully groping in the dark for some satisfactory solution of the dimiculty. The question, What Is to bo dono with Afghuntstan ? places the Beaconsfield Cablnet in a paluful dilema. If the country 4 per-, manently occupied as a Britlkh dependency, it can only be done by the presence of a large .urmy and by an enormous inerease of the Indian budget, Iftitis not su oceupted, and the British army, after a short stay, aban dons it, a serious loss to Britlh prestige in India will be sure to follow, In addition te the diflcultics these questions present, it is now apparent that there are others of equal importance. Tho. hanglug of Mohamine- dan priests by Gens, Roberts and Gough, and the wholesale hanging by Gen, Roberts of Afghans whe were gullty of no, other offense than opposing the advance of the Britlsh troops, juve awakened stormof indignation among . SATURDAY, JANUARY 10, 1880—SIXTEEN PAGES. the Mussulmans offAfghanistan. Thesocon- stitute the principal portion of the Afghan population, 'Thoy areof the Wahubu sect, the most Intense aud fanntieal of the followers sof Islam. Many of them ara now making their way inte Indla to arouso the Moham- medang of that country, andscrions fears are felt in England that they will sueeeed In fomenting violent tronble, Far from doing away with the possibility of Russian intrigue fn Afghanistan, the British Government has succeeded by its unwise and eruel polley in ineurring the lasting hate of tho Afghan people. Rusalan agents would now un- doubtedly be welcomed by them with onen aris, and Russian Intrlgue against the En- Bish tn Tndta would find among them warm: est sympathy and thé most skfltful assistance, Tho settlement of tho guestlons which tho Afghan war-has caused, and tho control of the Mojiammedan fanaticism which this war aroused, will certainly tax Lord Beaconstield’s well-known sktll to. the utmost. Whatever the solution he inny adopt, it ls hardly proba- ble that his poliey In the matter ean meet with the approbation of a majority of the English people, . THE LAST IMPROVEMENT IN COTION MACHINERY. We give considerable space this morning ton detailed deseription of the new, bub sue cessfully-tested, Invention fur the preparas tlon of cotton for the market, with state- ments of the practical operations of the in- vention at several establisiinents in the Cot- ton States, The “Clements attachntent” ts the name given to the invention. It Is the combination and application of two well known machines, with some improvements, whereby cotton is ginned with great econo- my; whereby the cotton is preserved fram various Injuries which it now sustains In the present system of gluning, baling, and trans- portation; and whereby the cotton Is, at in- significant cost, advanced in condition for tha market from mere cotton-lint to that of supertor slivers or perfected yarns, ‘The “Cloments attachment” was Invented some years ago, but the Inventor died before he had time and the opportunity to denion- strate its uuility. The first gentleman who undertook to put it Into practleal use also died before accomplishing much. The in- vention was especiaily designed for use In the Cotton States and lirgely upon the plan- tations, The planters of tho South have been poor, thelr crops have always been to 2 great measure mortgnged for advances, and they have been in no condition to invest in inachinery. Moreover, popular senthnent in those States does not run warmly in favor of elther machinery or new Inventions, and this: “Clements attachment,” which, if cotton were a Northorn crop, would long since have been In genera) use wilh all the Improve- ments suggested by experience, has really been tested only fn a few places in tho South, aud to a limited extent, and has probably not been .even heard of by ainajority of the cotton-producers. Ina for- mer article on this subject we entered Into an explanation of the processes for maturing cotton by this inveution. ‘This is more oxten- sively done In the letters and reports and the {tlustration of the machine which we publish to-lay, and to which the reader fs referred, But we wish to point out how great fs the promise held out by this Invention to the Southern States, how lnrgely it will add to the nggregnte value of their crop, and how it will ald theso States in reaching a financial improvement whieh will place them on a comparative footing with the Northern States, It seemns that the present system of ginning cotton Is not perfect; that by the now process there is a liberal percentage more of cotton ob- tatned; that this cotton obtained by the new process fs greatly superior in quality to that obtalned by tho present system; and that, be- ing fed to the muchine direct from the seed, itis fresher, richer Involl, unbroken, untan- gled, and free from the many serious Injurles if sustains in the vartous processes of baling and compressing, besides tho waste from dryness. Much of the machinery now used In spinning baled cotton has been devised to correct and overcome diMcuities caused by the compres- sion of the cotton and consequent weakness of the fibre, resultIng from the baling. All these troubles are avoided by the new inven- tlon, which, taking the lint direct from the seed, by the one operation turns It out In the form of slivers, or, one step further, Into yarn. It ts claimed that these stivers aro of a firmer and stronger thread than fs possible from those mude of baled cotton, ‘The labor necessary to operate this machine Is Hight, and offers employment to that most unfortu- nate class of the American population who are dented the opportunity of carning thelr own bread lest by laboring they fall to the level of the negroes, ‘This 18 a new branch of Inbor hitherto unknown, and will give to the rural white population of the South con- tinuous, healthful, and remunerative em- ployment without sacrifice of social position, The prompt sale for cash of cotton in the seed ut the place of growth offers an oppor- tunity for small cultivators not hitherto en- joyed, Horetofore anything less than a bale. of cotton wus of Httle account to the pro- ducer, Under the new system every ounce of seed-eotton can busold at the mill forcash, Ench mili will be open atall times to pur- chase all the seed-cotton {t can, Competing mills will keep the prices well up to the standard, and avery producer will find rendy salo for his hundred or his hundred thon- sand pounds of seod-+otton, ‘The whole presont cost of hauling, baling, bagging, hooping, commlsslons, freights, wastage, ete, will be done away with, The cotton-1itl will be at the door to purchase seed-cutton, just us the flour-mill fs now ready to buy wheat. It is assumed, and the facts evidently warrant the assumptlon, that the producer will recelve for his seed-cotton as inuch on an average per pound as he now recelyes for tho cotton in bale, thus saving all the present expenses from the cotton-gin to its delivery at the cotton-mllls, Without repeating all the details given in tho papers we print this morniag concerning this matter, we contine ourselves to tho estl- mate that, with the Clements attachment” in full and goneral operation ull through the | Cotton States, the Southern people will re- ceive annually an average of cight conts per pound more for thelr cotton than they new reeelve, ‘Tho value of tlio cotton In thelr hands will be advanced that much under the general use of this tivention, What- ever labor may be used In glving it this addl- tlonal value will bo Southern labor, and tho earnings will bo those of 9 class which now earns nothing, “ ‘Taking the average annual production of cottan us equal to 5,000,000 bales uf from 450 to 500 pots each, the nddition of elaht cents per pound to Its value in the hands of the Southern States will not fall much short of $200,000,000 2 year, ‘Tho difference In value will be caused by yarlous items, but, auumed up, the difercuce will be that the South will produce for sale cottan-yarns In- stead of baled cotton; and that, owing to its suportority for wearing, this cotton-yarn will be sold af less cost to the manufacturer thun itenn be now made from baled cotton, ‘Tho. whole diiference between the value of baled cotton and cotton-yarns will be added to the annual income of the cotton-producing States, ‘This “Cloments ‘attachment wilt give an impetus to the Increased planting and production of cotton equal to that given by tha Invention of McCormick's yeaucr avd ' other implements to the production of brend- stuffs. iu Tho present cost of one of these machines 1s $3,750, and the Southern people have not the money efther to manufacture them or to purchase them. ‘Tho South fs abundantly supplied with water-power, but stoam may be equally employed. ‘Theta is.no quea- tion that the machines may be Improved, and thelr cust so Jargely reduced that their uso will be greatly incroased, The establish- ments in Ohjo and tn Pittsburg, and even here in Chicago, engaged In manufacturing machinery, have here a now and a wide field, Amnachine, or s machine with engine, will be needed in every locality In the Cotton States where cotton [sy extensively grown; and, as these machines multiply, there will be an increased production of ‘cotton, The ready sate, the good price, and the cheap labor will make cotton of far greater value ns a crop than ever it was In the days of Slavery. ‘Tho product of yarn, and the sub- stitution of yarn as anirticle of commerce for the Int of baled cotton, will give Lo the growth of Amerlean cotton an overwhelming udvantage over the shorter-flbre article of other Innds, Our inachinists will find in the South as great and- universal a demand ‘for the “Clements attachment” machinery us has been and is now for the Smproved agrl- cultural implements called into use by thelr vust economy of Inbor and cost. THE WILD BOOM IN IRON. ‘The tron production In the United States seems to have gone mad, and fs clearly rush- ing to nmost calmnitous result: ‘The price of tron has been advancing since July, 1879, The demand for tron and steel, after the long: comparative siagnation, exceeded tho hume- diate means of the manufacturers, At ones the price was raised. Orders equal to the production for several months to come were soon received. Each order was followed by an additional rise in prices, ‘Then followed ademund for foreign fron to meet the wants of the country. Prices of domestic iron and stecl soon reached such figures that it was cheaper to buy foretgn tron and stcel, and pay’ the heavy dutiesand freights thereon, than to waltand pry the advancing prices at home, ‘The manufacturers of steel rails in Pennsyl- vanta found {t was cheaper to import En- #lish blooms and.make ralls of them than to pay the enormous prices demanded for American pig. Amerlean manufacturers also began to import foreign ple iron, and found ft cheaper than to purchase American plg. The British tron and steel market, which had been largely closed, re vived under orders from America, English millyand furnaces which had put out thelr fires and discharged thelr operatives resumed. business. At first they were glad to sell iron at low prices, Under the strong demand from the United States they too advanced their rates, and, once In full blast and opera- Uon, they too have made the price of iron and steel as high as was possible to admit ex- portation and the payment of the high duties under the Amerlean tariff, The tarit® has Jong stnes been disregarded by our tron and steel manufacturers; thelr prices are. no longer controlled by the rate of duty on ime ported fron and steel, American pig iron, which on Jan, 1, 1879, was sold in New York at $18 per ton, commanded on tho Ist of Jan- nary, 1880, $35 pur ton. This is an Inerense, and mainly sinee last July, of nearly 100 per cent, For a long time prior to January, 1879, foreign pig iron had ceased to be Im ported, and now, notwithstanding the lurge hnportation of ply and: other forins of iron and steel, the price fy 100 per cent grenter than one yearago. The present prices in this country have so stluulnted prices in Europe that iron manufacturers there are reaping a righ harvest, all the more grateful beenuse unexpected and forced upon them by the avarico and greed of the American manufacturers. = It is ensy to shout approvingly of this “hoom,” but is there not a serious dificulty behind ital? The present demand for iron and steel wasn sudden one. Tho general revival of business Included all branches valling for an Increased supply of iron and steel, Our manufacturers were content with $17 to $18 per ton for thelr pig, and the prices of allother Iron and of steel were propor toned to that of nig tron. ‘These prices wera so low that they, with the protection of $7 per ton on plg iron and §23 per ton on steel rails, prohibited the importation.of foreign iron, ‘The advance In prices soon overcame the protective duty, and to mect this sudden and unexpected demand there has been a large importation of forelgn tron and steel, Under this increased sale at advanced priees thore has been a stendy, regular ad- vance in the cost of Inbor, Tho wages of the conl-miners have Increased the price of coal and of fron ore; the advauce in wages of all workmen engaged In the manufacture of fron and fron goods has Increased the cost of production, As each advanec in the price of fron takes place there ty a atrike and a de- mand, and an increase in the rates of wages from the coal and ore digger In the mines to the last Iaborer or mechuante that handtes tho finished product, The workmen naturally and justly demand jand will have thelr shire of thoenormous profit reaped In the fron trade at the expense of the consumer. Of necessity there must be w Hit to the prices which the consumer can afford to pay for fron and steel, When the sudden demand has been in a measure supplied, whon ox- Iuting orders, extending, perhaps, to May or June next, shall have been filled, the high prices will causes serious reduction inthecon- sumption tuntll prices recede, When this deeling In the consumption of fron and steo), beeauss of their excessive charges, takes phice, the manufacture of all other goods fn which {ron and steel are employed will also decline, and for the sume eause, ‘Tho de- cline In consumption becansy of — cnor- mous prices will force a reduction of prodic- tion, and n reduction of the cost of produc. tlon, The prices of forelgn iron will, of course, fall first. ‘Their margin between the present prices and thelr cost of production Is too great to resist a falling market. Foreign fron and steel will pour tuto the country at such reduced prices as the market will bear, ‘Then will begin the troubles of the men who hayerun up the prices of Iron to such extravagant rates, ‘They will have to re duce the cost of production, ‘This redue- tlon will be resisted at every step by the workmen, and the presont wages will only bo reduced through the long ond als- astrons processes of “strikes” and “lock-outs,” closing of mines and of milly, and of furnaces and forges, In the meantinie foreign fron and steel will supply the market, aud the manufacturers who have levied their advance of 100 per cent In 1870 will find thely trade taken from them, and their operatives oveupying the distressed con- dition of the forelgn jron-workers a year ago, locked out by thelr employers and yalnly uttempting by long etrikes, and labor-unions, and workingmen’s organizations to resist a reduction of wages. It ts boyond all ques tlon that before the end of 1830 thero will bd such.o falling off In demand for fron and steel, or such a reduction of thelr prices, as to compel a general reduction of wages in aly branches of that industry. When that reduction 1s attempted the manufacturers who ure now reveling in the great boom of extravagunt and extortlonate prices will find that w falling warket (s a natural sequence of s rise pushed beyond all reasonable cyusc, and that ils foltaz snurker brings with It serious digastors, not easily avolded of rem- edied, both to employers and employed, —_———_____—- ALL RAD FROM CHICAGO TO MEXICO. We consider the railroad now in course of building by the Atchison, ‘Topeka & Sauta Fé Hallrond Company one of the most ex- trnordinary cases of private enterprise, and promising mote polliient and commerctat bonetits than anything of the kind yet ac complished. Of course, this road fs but a natural oxtension of the railroad system of the United States, which {3 penpling States, planting the desert, leveling and overcoming mountains, and drawing the whole country into close commercial unloh; whieh {splice ing o market atthe rondside of every farm on the most distant plains, and establishing a neighborhood interest between the peopla of every section of the brond Republic, Nev- ertheless, this special railroad ts doing special work; it ls extending the commercial and social Interests of the United States be- yond tho territory of the United States, and placing Portland, in Maine, In closer relations with ‘the Gulf of Callforntt than existed thirty years ago between New England and Chicago, It proposes to extend the ratlrond system of the United States to the Paetile const of ol! Mexico. - ‘This rond conneets at Kansas City with all the lines leading to Chicago and the Eastern States, It passes through Kansas and the vast ‘Territory of New Mexico to El Paso, on the boundary between the United States and Mexico, and thence, under a favorable ar- rangement with the Government of Mexico, southwesterly to Guyamns, on the Gulf of California, This road from one end to the other will be built and put in operation through the ald of private capital, and with- outany subsidy in money or bonds, Infact, the road will be built mainly over routes Jong since surveyed, but on whiehk/no work. was done because the companies owning them had no capital of their own, and sat down waiting, ike paupers, for a National subsidy. ‘The original rond of the Atchison, Topeka & Santa F6 Railroad Company has been so far constructed that it will strike the Rlo Grande River at Sun Domingo on or about the Ist of Februnry, or In less than. thirty days from this thue, Contracts have been let for bullding the road 175 niles down tho river from that point towards the Mexican Mune. In the meantime, the Company has begun operations building the new road east and north from Guyanas, go that work. on that part of the route in Moxico will progress at both ends at tho same time. Itis conti- denlly expected by the Company that the road will be completed to the Gulf of Call- fornin in eighteen months from this time, or about the Ist of July, 1881, Nor Ss this grand achievement the only ono promised by this same enterprising company. of private capitalists. From the City of Albu- querque, In New Mexico, the Cumpany has united with an oldorguntzation having ehar- terand the right of way to build a road along the sith parallel, westward, through Ari- zout and California to the Pacific Ocean. Tho Atehlson, Topeka & Santa Fé Company have undertaken to begin and complete this. ratl- rond, which will find Its Pacite coast termi- nusatSan Diego, whieh hag a harbor of equal convenlence with that of San Fran- elsco. ‘This road will be commenced shortly, and, it 1s expected, will be in operation by dnnuary, 1852, only two years hence, Whoever will take up the map of the United States and trace thereon the routes of these two railways cannot fail to discover their Importance, especially in the grand future of the commerce of the Pucific Ocean, one 2 through, direct, and aliost olr-lne railway from the entlre Atlantle States, and from Chicago as the great distrivuting point in the teeming valley of the Western States, through Northwestern Mexico to the Gulf of California, aud the other a route to the great harbor of San Diego, in the southern part of Californin, No one can mark this penceful inyrsion of Mexican territory without un- derstanding the effect of introducing Amer- Jean industry, American capital, American Inw, and American seeurlty for life and property, with an American population, Into that part of tho sister Republic, ‘Che part of Mexieo through which this railroad will run ig rleh In gold and silver mines, has an abundance of wood, and is capable of being made sustaining to an industrions popula- tion. It 1s now almost uninhabitable for the want of roats and tho want of the means of transportation. ‘She railroad to Guyainas will put, practteally, an end to this difficulty, Population, American and Mexican, will flow in. Mexico will be compelled to Mberal- izo her terriblo tarlif, and the port of Guy- aiming ag well ag that of San Diego will fur- nish more convenient and shorter routes to Australia and that part of tho world than. ean be found elsewhere, ‘Tho effect politically of Amerieanizing that northwest corner of Mexico will rapidly ex- tend to the other Mexican States on tho Pa- elfis Ocean, It will operate benefictally upon Mextco generally, It will furnish an illus- tration of what civilized commerce may do in regenerating whole regions of productive country now abandoned to the freebooter, to Idteneas, and to semi-barbarism, THE DUTCHERS’ ae AND ITS FOOLISH. ‘ 8, ‘Those who read the reportot the mnass- ineeting held by the Butchers’ Union In Dexter Park on ‘Thursday sought in vain tho Justiilention for the strike which the Pres- dent of the Union promised should be devel- oped by the speeches, Tho meeting was orderly; the speakers nyolied, for the most part, incendlary appeals; there was no effort fo arouse the pusstons of the strikers to violence, though elannish pride was invoked to keep up the self-lmposed lock-out, Even mioutside proposition for arbitration was patiently Hstened to; and for these evidences ota penceful disposition the strikers are cn- tiled to commendation, At the same time, not one word was uttered which, to an im- Hurtin! hearer, would justify the enormous logs and witlespread suffering Incident to the self-fmposed idleness of 8,000 or 10,000 nble- bodied men during « period of more than three weeks, Among all the speeches that wero mado thore was not 0 single allegation that the am- ployers had fatled to pay wages regularly in ensh, nor that they had sought to reduce wages, nor that they had refused tho do- mands for Increased pay, nor that they had exacted too much Inbor, nor that they had In any other way dictated unreasonable condl- {ions to tho laborers, The fact remains un- challenged that the packers of Chicago pay larger wages: for the-same service than aro pald at competing polnts, und that the butch- ens carn more money than any other class of wnskilled labor, ‘There wag a virtual admis- ston that tho strike is continued because the employers will not submit to the terug which thebutchors desire to dictate—viz.; that none but members of the Butchers’ Union shall bo employed; that, whenever a reductlon in lyborers fs necessary, the non-Union butch ers shall be discharged first, without refer ence to character, skill, or services; axl that, whenhover employers desire to discharge any Unlon butchers for any cause, such discharge shall be submitted to the Union to act upon it ng they please, In othor words, the Butch- ers’ Unlon arrogates: to itself the right to control the business of the packers directly, and indirectly to contro! the capital, the banks that furnish imuney, wel the eomuils- sion men that are Identified why pneking Industry. 3 From 8,000 to 10,000 mon have Whuntartly auapended work and Involved thendayes and thelr families In distress In order t nchiave theso preposterous and impossible colitions, The boss of wages may ba falrly. extriated at from $16,000 to $20,000 a day, and, F the strike were to end now, 2 total loss or a¢ Jenst $500,000 will have been sustained. ‘Dodgy itpay? 'Thnt ts the question which honest leadera would have put to the strikers. It must have become apparent fo the more in. telligont members. of tho Union: that the packers will not accedy to the unfalr and unreasonable dletation of the officers of a secret organization, ‘The strikers have hod ample opportunity to useertain that publid senthinent does not approve of the tinpossible and preposterous conditions which the Union seek to fmpose upon the employers, They imuat be sutlsiled, from tho expurlence in the packing-houses within the last three weeks, that the labor fs of 8 charneter whieh ean be learned Ina short time, that the pay ts suilleient to attract other men to the work, and that thelr places can be, a8 thoy have been to n large extent, supplied. If the strike should be nbandoned to-day, only a portion of those who are out of employmens could regain their places, because the packers eannot fn equity and Justice throw out the independent workers who have endured the ostracism and braved the threats of the strlkers; the longer the strike shall continno the larger wilt be the number of butchers who will thereby be permanently excluded from employment, What hus been lost by tdleness and n divers sion of business to other competing cities can tilo, pork. never be regained; every additional day of the strike will simply entail new loss and In« crease the number of those who enmot hope to secure thelr old places when the strike shall be finally abandoned, Unfortunately for Chicago, the butchers’ strike threatens a more general and more ses rious loss than that sustalned by the packers and tho strikers fur the time being, The pork-packing industry has become the con- splenous feature of Chicago's winter bus! ness, Tho grain-trade of this elty is enore mous and constantly growing, but othercltles ean also boast of progress In this branch, In the case of pork-paeking, however, Chi- engo has had tho promise of almost a 10- nopoly. During tho Inst year the entire West has packed about 11,000,000 hogs, and of these Chicago atone has killed 5,100,000, or about one-halfof the whole, Aside from Inbor-trou. bles there is no reason why the centralization ofthe pork-packing industry In thiselty should not continue, But the Stock-Yard strikes are construed by the packers as warnings that they should, in self-defense, distribute the business, They now believe that thera will always be danger of « general interrayy tlon of their business through a Communistia combination, if it be concentrated In the main atany one point. Thiseonvietion will operata towards Increasing the packing business at St. Louls, Cincinnati, Milwaukeo, Peorta, Kansas City, and many other points, at the expense of Chicago, whieh would otherwise secure all the accretion of tho In- dustry, ‘Mhis loss, or at best the cessation of tgrent tnerease, will affect not merely the packers and their éimployés, but the commis ston men, the banks, the transportation inter- ests, the merchants, and the workingmen em- ployed by all those who benefit from tho growth of trade in Chiengo. It may bo that such a consideration will have no intluenco over the strikers as a mass, but a further dls+ regard of It by thelr leaders, who are intelll- gent chotgh to comprehend the extent of the InJury the strike fs Infileting upon the com - munity, will show how utterly selfish and wn serupulous they are. 7 _ Ir Is sald that the entire German press of Ohio [a decidedly opposed to the nomination of Gen. Grant for a third term, and the German papers of Missouri, headed by tho St. Louls Weatliche Post, taku tho same view, On this sub- fect, the New York Republikaner, the londing Gorman Republican organ of tho East, says the opposition to the Grant movement among that eluss of persons is very pronounced, and that imuny of theso papers would support the Demo- cratic candidate as against Grant, unless he had been a Confederate or anotorlous “Copper- bead.” ‘Tho Republkancr is of the opinion that, since the Gorinun-American element holds tha key to tho situntion in seven Northern States,— viz.: New York, Ohio, Indiann, Iinols, Wiscon- ain, Michigan, and Minncsota,—common caution and prudence should prompt the leaders, wha have tho mnchinory in hand, to take thia clreum= atunce {nto the most serious consideration, Asona the reasons that tho Litchfield (II) Monttor gives for dosiring tho nomtnntion of the Hon. E. B. Washburno as n candidate for Presi- dent aro (1), that “his nomination would be a titting recognition of that atrict Integrity which, ag aimember of the National Houso of Repro- sontatives, carned for hin the honorable title of the Guardian of tho Natlonal Treasury; (2) thut It would bo a ploasiug tribute to the stanch Re- publicanisin of our Gorinan fellow-cltizens, tha Intercats of whose fellow-sountry:men In France he go well conserved during the horrors of the Franco-German war; (@) that bis nomination would be 2 strong appeal to all tho beat clemonts of soolety, with which he showed himself to bo in full uccord am{d the terrible scones of the Com- Tunistle rising In Paris, notably In bis visit in person to the Archbishop of Paris, to whom, in. defance of the mob, ho offered words of condo+ enue und gave thu hand of friendship.” ——<— Tum Naw York Sun stops tho ery of fraud Jong cnough to toll the Domocratic party some plain truths, Ittells the Domocrats that the party is not a8 strong as it was in 1870, and that tho campaign of 1880 will boa differont affair and fought on different issues from that of 1870. Carpotbagisin hus boon eliminated from tho South, and the poopie there haye enjoyed the right of local acif-governmont to its fulloat ox- tent, It says that tho Intimidation of tho blacks and tho use of tlysuo-ballota have hurt tho party, but that a worse blotch ypon tho reputation of many Democratic States la tho taint of ropudia- Uon, Tho Sun fours that tho people bavo lost falth In the Democratto professions of reform that won the popular majority tn 1870, and thut tho prostige of that success hag boon frittered uway by a serlos of blunders. ‘Tue Richmond (Vu,) State (reconstructed Tourbon) hus denounced the Matne fraud from tho start in vigorous and manly language. In ita Inst fasuo It roturns to tho subject again and sayg that the Virginian Noart of Btato Ounvuss- orsuill of whorm havo been turned out of office, intght engily have found enough of tochnloull- tlos in the returns to have counted out tho Hee publicans and Reudjueter Fusionists, without ut allstrotching the law, dud tho Stato would have buen kept in tho hands of the Consorvutives; and, oyen though ft had caused violence and tumult, they could havo rightly maintainod thomsolves in this great wrong, and much but+ ter than Garcelon in Maino. ~But thoy never once thought of porpetrating. a crime of this cnonnity, Tur champion conylet-pardoner of the United States is Uncle Dick Bishop, of Obie, who durin hts ono term as Governor released no less thin 245 erlminals, His Republicat preducessor pardoned only 178, which brought upon his head much sevore -criticiam. Gov. Blackburn, of Kentucky, comes next after Bishop tn tho Iino of pardoning, and excused himself for his uction by saying that ‘all of ut have been gullty of some crime,” Can It be + that this smull-pox propagator bas had a twing? of remorso? — In anothor column will be found a letter recalliug tho clroumstances of the default of Willard ©, Flagy, of 3foro, wha waa Colloctor of Tntornal Kovenue for the Alton District, - Bir. Blogg bas boon dead sumo time, and: it’ now trunspiros that his default was tochutoal and not, real, and that hla widow and children: have & just cluim of restitution against the Govern mont. Of thig-fact Tux Turouny is tuformed by Col. Bluford Wilson, who was tho United States District-Attoruey gt the! tle Judguncn® -