Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 3, 1879, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, JULY 3, 1879-TWELVi PAGS. YERMS OF SUNSCRIPTION. DY MAIL—IW ADVANCE—PosTAgy Prepaty. stiy Kditton, one year, f Parte of a year, per ion! ef Bunda: ition: J.lWersr shee! oe Saturday Edition, atatcen raw WERKLY EDITION, POSTAL One copy, pribeal Tote Ea ar Club of twenty peelmen con! . Ulva Vout-UMce address in full, fuctuding Btate and County, Temittances may be made elther by draft, exnrtess, Poat-Ofiice order, or In regiatored ietter, at our risk. THEMS TO CITY SUNSCRIDENS, Daity, delivered, Sunday excepted, 24 cents por week. Lalty, delivered, Sunday included, 80 cents per week, Address THE TRINUNE COMPANY, * Corner Madteon and Deatborn-ste., Chicago, 1 Onlers for the delivery of Tux Tntnuxx at Evanston, Englewood, aud Hyde Park tert to the counting-room ‘willrecetve prompt attention. —————— TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. ‘Tha Cutcano Trinune has cstabitehed branch offices forthe receiptot subscriptions amd advortiseinents as * followat NEW YORK—Room 20 Tritune Buliding, FT. Mov Fapnex, Manager, PARIB, France—No, 10Mue do In Grange-Batellere. Tl, Maunzn, Agent. LONDON, Eng.—American Exchauge, 449 Strand. Huwny Ff Griz, Agent. WASHINGTON D, G.—1 TVhontre. Tandotph street, Leineen Clare and Tasaile. Ene gagement of E1ncrson’s Megatherlan Minstrels, Maverly’s Theatro. ‘Dearborn strect. coruer of Montac. Kngagement of the Tony Denier Troupe, ‘*Ilumpty Dumpty." MeVicker'a Theatre, Madieon street, netween Dearborn and State, gagement of tho Standard Theatre Company, nttan," t Ene “Fa Hamlin's Thentro. Clark street, oppostte the Court-House, mentot the Georgia Minstrel. Metropolitnn Thoatre. Clark rtreet, opposite Sherman Honse, Engagement ‘of May Fiek's Dinotherlan lady Mins! ‘THURSDAY, Eogege- JULY 3, An Indian over in Canada who got drunk and went to sleep in tho sun was literally ronsted to denth by the heat. Tho ouly thing difficnlt to believe about the opisode is, that it didn’t happen in St. Louis, Tho lottery lobby hay proved its powor over the Louisiana Constitutional Convon- tion by accuring tho adcption of an article nuthonzing the Logislature to grant charters to all lottery swincles that can afford to pay 840,000 a year itito the State Treasury. The King of the Belgians has been threatened with denth if he ratifies the bill passed by Parliamont removing from -tho hands of iho priesthood tho regulation aud control of elementary education. A placard containing such a thrent was found posted on tho wall of the Royat palace. Mines Keuoz,it seems, has cullei on Mayor Tiannison for a categorionl answer as to whethor or not ho'is to be appointod Superin- tondent ‘of the Water Departmont, His de- mand of theplaco will be very generally regarded a8 an inipndent declaration of hos- tility toward the Mayor, since it is porfoctly well known. both that the position ho soeka is now so efficiently filled that no chango should be .iyada, ‘and that. if it.wero not, Mines Kenoe has not fhe ability to discharge its dutios accaptably. European crop reports are more than usunlly gloomy. In tho northern part of Italy rainy ‘aud inundations have played havoc with, ‘tha “harvest, and, while the prospects in other parts of the Kingdom are somewhat better, tho anticipations are on the whole under tho average, From the wheat: fields in- Soutbern Tuesia and tho Cancasus tho advices are still moro unfavorable, ag tho grasshoppers nnd corn-beetles sro taking what wos left by tho drought and the hail- storms. po ae! ‘The neglect of Congress to pass the bill authorizing allowances to ba mado for leak- age in packages of, alcohol shipped to tho seaboard for export continues in operation a most unjost‘and oppressive haudicap upon the oxport trade, Leakage occurring in transit botween Ohicago and New York is, under tho presont law, assessed 90 cents per gallon, whilo the nlcohol oxported escapes that tax. Tho justica-Of;a change iu ‘tho Inw whereby the distiller nead not be taxed on Ioakago or evaporation was clearly dom- onstrated to the Committeos on Ways sud Means, but.Congross was too busily engagod in bulldozing tho President to givo any at- tention to tho matter, and so the Lenkngo Dill failed. From tho interview with leading Socinlista which wo print this morning tho reader will dorivo the comforting asaurance that no dis- turbanco of any kind nced bo apprehended in connection with tho eight-hour demon- stration in Chicago of July 4, &, und 8, ‘Tho Preaident of tho ‘Tradex-Council, Mr. Sanver Gowpwatrn, authorizes the positive state. ment that thora is to bo no strike in Chicago to enforce tho eight-hour demand, and that there is among the lubor organizations hore no knowledge of any ,intontion to strike ‘in any part of tho Uni- tod States.” It is also vory positively asserted that the workiugmeu have none but tho mout peaocful and orderly designs in the parado on the Fourth of July, and will carry no arms ‘and violate no Inw. ‘Lhey claim to have arranged this demonstration as part of a general plan to promote tho eight-hour movement,> hoping thereby to show how united and earnest they are in their efforta to reduce tho hours of labor without reducing thoir wages,—that is, to deduct one-fifth from tho day’s work and nothing from the day's pay. Tho statement of United States [Marshal IMizpnve to a ‘'amuneinterviewer yostorday, regarding the effect uf the fniluro of tho Demoorata in Congress to provide for carry ing the business of tho Marybals, will be read with interest aa a cloar aud forcible illustra- tration of tho vicious intont which anuuated the Bourbon moforily, Marabal Huwrur, speaking for himaelf alonc, has no imtention of whutting up shopd but will koep on doing Lusiness at his own éxpouse and risk of ever getting reimbursed -by a hostile Congross, Tf ho and tho other United States Marubals throughout ‘the ‘country were to rofuso fo run this risk and clouo up their _ offices, tha offect ou tho business of the Federal Courts would.pe very nearly aa s0- ious ab though the Democrats hud executed their threat of leaving the Courta entiroly unprovided for, and thure Is litle doubt that tho nullifors forceaw’ precisely this result, and fully caloulated that a failure to uppro- priate for Murshuts would toa great extent paralyze tho Courts themselves, Such, in fact, will ba the consequenoo in eyery caso where 6 Marshal refuses to take tho risk of reimbuiscment; but it isto be hoped there will be no cases of that kind, and that conn- torfoitors, dofraudars ‘of tho rovenno, aul criminals of all kinds will not ba permitted to onjoy the benefits of tho Democratic nul- lification conspirac: Mr, Arnrss, of Tenucrsuo, Chainnan of the House Committee on Appropriations, re- turns to his conatituonts greatly in doubt as to whether they will admire his sucooss in dopriving the United States Marshals of their foos for exacuting the regular Court proocsses nnd transacting the routine Court business. He fs roported to have said that he was at alt {mes opposed to the attempt to abolish the office of Marshal, but was ovorborne by such rampant uullifors as Spnincen, of Iili- nois, who waa in favor of starving not alone the Marshole and the Courts, but tho army and all the Departments, thougls wo holiave itis nowhere recorded that Sr. Spaxarr advocated adjourning before ap- propriating monoy: for the paymont of the antaries of Sonators and Iteproacntatives, and it must also be admitted that he did not adyocnto the ingortion of o clauso in tho Legislative bill rostricting the payment of salnrics and miloago to all membars .who. voted against the caucus monsuros, OF to ‘the *}: Presidont in tho event of nvoto. It was only the Marshals that Srutmorr proposed to * got avan with.” 18 THIS A NATION? Mr, Foaxx Honp, s Democratic rnembor of Congress from Ohio, residing iu ‘Soledo, has lately assumed the position of champion of tho doctrine that tho United States havo no nationnlity; that thera is no such thing as citizenship of the United States; that the so-called Governmont of the United States isa more agency appointed by the soveral States and oxisting by, tho’ concent of such States: that, being created hy tho States, it is subordinate to tho States bucause tho cren- ture cannot bo superior to tho creator; that the States existad before the so-called Union or Nation, and that all power in the Nation isderived from the Stntes, Ho repudiates ‘ag unsound that there is any such body a+ tho “poople of tho United States,” and denies of necessity that thore is any allegianco to tho so-called Unitad States, be- cause original sovereignty rests in Uho States, and each citizen owes his allegiances primarily to his sovereign, and seconilly only to such agency ns that State miny have appointed. The “nationality” olaimed for the United States Mr. Horn ropudiated iu toto; such o thing ho insisted was excluded dud prohibited hy tho Constitution, and lo cliuch this asser- tion ho read from sho Constitution that ‘Tho powera not dolegaled to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to tho Statos, aro reserved to the States respect. ivoly or to the people,” and wo nro assured that “'Thero waa a spontancous burst of ap- planso as Honp's ringing tones rang out that singlo centence.” Ono would have supposed that this was a now question, ono which had never been dis+ cussed before, ond which hod never boen heard of by Congress or the people. ‘That sentence has been repeated during tho timo of several genoratious very froquently ; it was discnssed in Congress by abler mon than ara in the presont Congress; it hai boou ar- gued in tho Courts, and contested on many # battle-fletd; it lins passed into history as the tattored, beaten pretext for treason,— the shallow sophistry of tho ‘Lost Canse"; itis the shred of dogma which Jzrr Davis carrics in'hils pocket, and which he weeps over at every gathering of his deluded fol- lowars. No doubt tho halla of Congress re. sounded with tho Rebel yell when tho Con- federato Brigadiers heard this man of ‘Toledo feobly rapeating that the Constitution itself authorized socossion, ond made dismembor- ment of the Amorican Union a right, ‘The Ajneriaan people ocenpiod the terrl- tory along the Atlantio States ns subjects of Great Britain, aud wore governed by royal executors .appointed over certain goograph ical divisions created by royal charters, They were colonists until the 4th of July, 1776, Recognizing tho necessity waich constrained them “ to altor their formor systema of gov- ornmont,” the representatives of thesa pco- plo did, “in the name and by tho authority of the good people of these Colonics,” de- claro “ these United Colonios " freo and in- dependant States, aud thus, og the ‘ United States of Americn,"becamo a nation. At tho some hour and by the snme oct that thoy ceased to bo Colonics of Great Dritnin they became tho ‘United States of America,” with all the powers of a froo and independent untion, As nation they proseented tha ‘War of Indopendonce; as n nation thoy were resisted by Groat Britnin; a nation they sought alliances with other nations; aa n nation they excited the sympnthy and ob. tained the cid of other nations, It was not a war of Virginia, nor of Massachusotts, nor of any ono or any number of States ; it waa a war for and by the United States. Gront Britain in tho end acknow)- edged tho indepondenco, not of Ponnsylya. nin nor of Georgia, but of the United States, Onr Ministers went abroad uot acekirg rec- ognition of the indcpendence of Now York nor of avy State, but of tho national inde- pendence of tho United States, Mr, Hunn will fail to find that Great Britain ever rec. oguized the milcpendenco of any of the “govoroign States" which ho snid exlated before tho Union; there is not oven A uion- tion made of Ohio, which, so far as auy rec. ord exists, has never bocn recognized to thia day by any nation of the world as ono of those sovereigns whom he styles “creatorw,” and thorefore superior to its own croaturcs, The nation thua called into existenco on tho. 4th of July, 1776, having beon recognized by the nations of tho world, proceeded to form a hotter government than that which oxisted during the wor, but iu tho articles of con- fedoration it retained the national title, by which it was kuown to mankind, ‘The United States of America,” ‘This form of government provided for “a perpetual Union,” and no altoration in it was to bo permitted untess agreed to by the Congress of the United States and confirmed by the Logistature of ovory State, ‘This form of government proving in- efficient, thero waa hold a National Gouven-~ tion which, ‘in order to form a mora por. feat Union,” prepared the present Constitu- tion of ‘Lhe United States of America,” ‘This was tho third form of government adopted by the Ameriean people for tho nation called into existence by the Declara- tion of Indopendonce in 1776. ‘hat Con- stitution has been amended repontedly sincg its adoption in’ 1787, but it has continued alwaye the samo Goy- ernmont, with altered and amonded formu, wince the day when tho Amoricun people renounced the title and condition of colonists aud declared themuelves to be “The United Statey of America," “with fall power to levy war, conclude peace, control alliances, establish commerce, and do all other acta oud thingy which independent Btatos may of right’do.” Is su noticuublo fact that cach of theso powers which tha Declaration of Indopond- | tho extra sosslon hing cost tho people, firat enoo says froo ond indopondent States may do wora (with others) specitieally probibited by tho articles of confederation, aul are now specifically prohibited by the Ccastitution Doing dona by axy of the Stntes of tau Union, Thirteon * soveroign Btatoa,” ench clothed, in ordor to be soveroign, wilh National power, distinctly signed n formal nbdication of all protenso to individual or Stato Nationality, and recognized such National sovereignty to bo vested in Tho United Statés of America.’ 'Tho assertion of Mr. Hunp that the States existed before the Union in a mere sophistry. Thoy existed as parte of the United Statcs, which was the national title of the Union, from tho 4th of duly, 1776, when thoy re- nounced the condition of British colonies, and formed the Union known thonceforward ng the United Statos of American, The now Constitution was not to supersede tho old form of government uutil ratified by nine States. Whon ratified by this nnmbor it was to go into oporation amoug thoso ratl- ‘fying it, tho ratifications by tho othors to follow when made, ‘Theso ratifientions were slow in making; bnt clevon States having ratified, an oloction for Proaidont and Vico- “Pres{dont and fot mombors of Congress tools plice withont waiting for the other States, and tho now form of government wns octual- ly put in operation, while the two ‘creators ” wore discussing whether thoy would‘ create” ornot, or, abandoning the United States, arstmo “ sovercign” cxistenco, and oak somebody to recognize Rhodo Island ond North Gnrolina as two now members of tho family of nations. > : Sinco the clection of Gronaz Wasnrxaron, and his induction no President of tho United States of Atmorica, thero have bien swenty- five States which had thes wo ree ad sovoroignly or even existone2 ay conunt ties, Vermont, and Kentucky, aud Ohio wero “ creations ” by act of Congress, They enn hardly be called crentora of the Amori- can Union; they moro proporly aro “erontures,” which term Mr, Hunp seems to think implies oo low gradv of inferiority, Tho original thirteen Colonies which, in 1776, declared thomaclves to be the United Btatos of America, with full National powers, have '' created " sinco thon twenty-five other members of the Union. Tho “creatures” are, by the Constitution, in- vested with full and completo equality with all tho othor States, nnd thus, in direct con- tradiction of Mr. Hunn’s axiom, the ‘ crent- uros" areequal to tho croator, and, boing tore than twico as numerous, can exorcise superior authority and power, as part of the Nation, to that of the minority. “Under tho second form of government, ealled tho Articles of Confedoration, there was no provision for n National Exccutive, nor was there for a National Judiciary; thore was a Committee of the States” appointed by Congress, consisting of one momber from each State, to sit during the rocess to act na n quasi Exeoulive. Merein is the present Confederate theory that the National Gov. ernamont is a mere committees or agency to ropresont the States. Bat that form of govorpmont, boing an utter and complete failure, the now Conatitntion excluded ovory- thing of that:biisracter, It provided a strong Executive power, fitting to cxocuto the National anthérity 3 it provided also a Nation- al Judiginry shally independent of any local Governmentj-and-with ample authority and jurisdiction’ bvét “every quontion of National concern. -fhg paw Constitution oreated a Natioual Government clothed with overy power—oxoetttive; legislative, and judicial— necessary to assort, inninfain, aud enforco National stippainidy or Netional authority, and the snboriinttion of eli to dio National will, legally, dxivailsod. The Nationnl.@overnmont has always ex- ‘dd doolnrod in 1778, Tho form has begn ‘changed, but the substance has contimed,fyoin the boginning. As timo and exporionao devolopod weakness, tho form has heon cHdnjjdd, The Constitution of 1787 was changed repoatedly during the first fifteen yonrs ‘of ‘ita oxistones. Tho asser- tion of Mr, Hupo’s sophistry, and tho at- tempt by force to deny tho axistence of n National Union, possessing National powers, and the authority to euforce the obedience of citizens to the National law, despite the decrees of the “‘soverolgn States,” ended in the overthrow of that absurdity, and the re- construction of tho Constitution in sevoral important features, But the Governmont of to-day ig none tho lesa a continyation of tho National Governmont begun in 1776, which, changed and altered from timo 60 thuo as ex- porience suggosted, remains now, as it bas evor boot from the boginuing, the National Government of “Tha United States of America.” WHAT THE DEMOCRATS HAVE DONE. Evorybady knows what tho Democrats in Congress have not done, Thoy compollod the extra scusion of Congrans for the express purpose of repealing tho Election laws or so restricting the appropriations as to defeat the exccution of those Jaws, Thoy hnvo failed to do efther of those things, ‘They cucoun- tered an opposition from public opinion which they dared not ignore, and a resistance on tho part of tho Executive which they conld not broak down, In spite of their numerival majority in Congross, tlio Demo. erats have been powerless to carry qut a par- tisan scheme which nover bas had and never will have the approval of tho paople, This failure to accomplish tho partioulnr aim of tho extra sexsion is the conspicuous fenturo of the first Demooratic Cougross since 1861. But what hos the Dumocratio majority roally dono? It waa in session nefely four months, and during that timo 2,895 bills aud 119 joint resolutions wero introduced In tho House, and 727 billy and forty-six jolnt resolutions reported or offered in the Sonate, Of all those, but two bills wore passed of nny benefit to the country, viz.: ‘Tho bill for the interchangenbility of subsidiary silyor and legal-tendor, which will regulate ond properly distribute tho amall change of the country, and tho bill for the repeal of the iniquitous tax on quinine, Even the passage of tho latter ia waid to havo been ‘acal- dental,” though it will be none tho less Deneficlal to the country on that account, At all events, and giving the Democrata tho entire credit for this leglalation, these two bills are the ouly compensation the country hag ior tho cost and alarm incident to fonr months of extra session, The Democrats caunat charge tho President with any share of tho blomo for tho constipated legislation of the session, for he said nothing in his message calling the extra session to discourage mis- collansous legislation, he vetood uno bills except the appropriation bills with political restrictions, and ho did nothing duriug the session to provent or hiuder usoful legisla- tion, Tho simplo fact ix that the Demo- cratic politicians wore too much absorbed in thelr partisan intrigues to give auy thought to the interests or demands of the country, ‘Tho most striking accomplishment of thiv Domocratie session was the squandormg of about $2,000,000 of the public money, which -fieinls. and last., Tho Pomocratta protouso of ccon- omy is vory shallow fa the {neo of thin fact. Tha extrs nession wos not necessary, ‘The Democrats tinvo adajlticd aw nmeh thom: kelves by adjourning: finally without aceom- plishing anything,..JTow, thon, can thoy justify the expanditure of tho largo sum of mouoy which it hag cost? Even if their partisan purpose lind furntuhed a reasonable exettso for necessitating an extra sersion, n single day or at most n week wna enough to demonatrate that thay hind not the powor to carry it out, and tha’ prolongation of their futile efforts evineod ‘nn ulter indifference to the Intorosts of tho peoplo, The very Inst thing done by the Demo- eratio Senate was to digchatge tho small rom- unnt of efficient omployes because thoy wero Republicans, to make room for Democratic atrikors, ‘Iho Very Inst thing done by tho Democratic Houso was to voto an extra month's pay (niaking, thirteen months’ pay for about six months’ work) to tho ontiro lst of antaried employos, Such notion as this fs calenlnted to, mako a seandal of “+ economy,” ng constrned and applied by the Domoerats, This oxtra pay iu m small way is ng outragoous na, tho salary-grab which cost so mavy former Congrossmon their places, and it js all the worse because it ine cluded among tha beueflofaries many oxtra men for whose employment thore was no au- thority of law, and who wera carried on tho pay-rolle morely to reward them for partisan aorvico, Indifferonce to the public interoata was farther illustrated by authorizing vari- ous junketing excursions, and tho leadera in tha House found it necessary to tako n tem. porary recess bofore tho final adjournment os the only ineans for rostralniug tho disposl- {ion of their party to raid the Publio ‘Lrens- ury. ‘Thero is only one. other thing which tho Domocrats in Congress’ have done worthy of notive, aud that was the meauost ard most irrationn) of nll thoiracts, Wo refer to thoir refusal to appropriate tho pay for the United States Morshnle because the Presidont would nat become a party to their scheme for froe {rnuds at the Congroasionat cloctions, In doing this they joopardized tho administra tion of justico in tho United States Courts, the pursuit, apprehension, and punishment of criminals, and tho collection of the public revenue. It may bo that the Courts will bo kopt open, and that tho judicial branch of the Governmont will be able to onforca the Inwe as befors, but that result will bo duo entirely to the influence of the Republican party and tho patriotism of Republican of- It will be inspite of a deliberate effort on the part of the Democrats to pre- vant the excention of tho laws aud tho man- datos of tho Gourts; and if the Marshals go ahend with the disclinrgo of thoir dutics in the uncertainty whothér they will ever ba paid for thoirservica or not, the Democratic moanness in withholding that pay, though it 1s actually in the Treasury and contributed by the people, will become all the moro con- splouous. i THE REPUBLICAN PARITY AND THE 80° ULALISTS. A reporter of ‘Tur 'Tarnune asked Mr. Mrowartas, of the Gorman Jreis Presse, ‘+ What is the reason the Germans loave tho Republican party and vote the Sooinlist {Ickot?" ‘Tho reply of Mrcmaxxis, reported iu Tox Tamunz yesterday, was vary extraor- dinary. Ho said the Gormans wero leny- ing the Republican party and voting the o- clalist ticket becauaa'" Tho party has tolor- ‘ated corruption withirt its own ranks. by al- lowing notorionsewinWora to go froa ; be. enusa the aforcanid swindlera go into the conyontions and tako..a prominent part in politics; bevaugo men Jike Sipney Myzna, of the Boehive Bank, walk about tho streets unpunished ; becanse.thore is no law to pun. ish criminals, and the Ropublican party is to binme for there not being avy law; because the Repnblienn party has made xfo offort to curo these ills, and, thorefore, has shown it- self to bo in sympathy with criminals and bank-swindlers,” ‘Tho excuses which Mr. Mronarris puta in the mouths of tho Gérmans who have left tho Republican party ‘to join the Socialiats whon they have bean sifted down aro just two, Ifo says the Germans have receded, in tho firat placo, because thoro aro bad mon iu the Republican party, and, in the second placa, becauso there ard’ bad men outside of tho party, Ho makes tho Ropublican party responsible for all the evil there is in the country. Lot us examine tho two heads of this argument soparataly, If these Gorman Socialists have left tho posed of nmnjority of Dersoorats, courts, since the. War,.and.who haya, x whatovor with tho material discrimination the Gorman Hocinlists wish to havo our Courts, refuso ball in all once? =Mrens has not yot Loon brought to trial, boonutso perhaps thoro is not snftivient proof against him of criml. nal futent. Is it the duty of tha Republican party to manufacture proof against acousod criminals? Tho charge of failure to onforce existing Jawa in silllor than nny of the others, The Republionn party {4 nota court of justice. Its Contral Couimitteo cannot try bank. embezzlers, howavor cnrnently it may desiro to da so, The administration of justica in this State and coun. ty hns been for years in tho hands of, Indg2s and jurics of both political par- tios,—that is to soy, in tho hands of the people themselves. ‘The Suprome Court has Leen since its organization iu Ilinois com- Thera have been Democratic Judges io all our Democrptia Sheritle, Democratic Grand and Potit Juries, Domooratia oMotaly in overy dopartmont of the judictary. Has it not boon ns onsy for the Domocratic Judgos as for the Republican Judges to bring Sypwzy Myens to justice? Is it nob a ensy now, whou all the Judges of tho Cironit Court are Demoorats ? Tho Republican Contral Com- mittoe would uot be able to make mugh hondway in trying bank-defaultors so long ag those Judges wore ou the Bonch. Micuazx1s' reasons for tha secesaion of the Gorman Soclalista aro probably used by somo clevor rascals in that organization to dulude tholr ignorant dupos. Thoy ought not to de- Iuda avy mon, not even a fool, Thoy nro mero pretoxts—attompts to justify a move- iment which, ou any. grounds of politionl honor or gratitudo, cannot Lo justified. The Gorman Socialists havo not left tho Ropub- lican party becauge there wore bad men under Grant, or bocause’tho Campnign Com- mittee lias not beon sitting asa court of jus- tico, but becauso there sro designing men among tha Germans who aro willing to soll their souls to got into oftice, snd hopo to plunder the peoplo after they got there. —_—_—_—— NEGRO COLONIZATION, The following paragraph is an oxttact from a private letter written by a gentleman who sorved in the Union army during tho War, nnd who afterwards sottled in tho South, where he now Hyves and whera ho held o prominont office under tho Inst Administra. tion, ‘Tho writer is n Republican in polities, aman of good judgment, and long enough a reuidont of the South to bo ontitlod to re- spoot for any opinion ho may express upon tho race conflict going on in several States. With spocinl roferuncve to the emigration of tho blacks, he ssys: “ “The ‘exodus’ 4s the only rolution of the Southern queatiou, ‘Ihe, persons who once owned: tho nogro as a slave will nevor live In neaca with lilm av polltical equal. The AngioeSaxon will never subwit to be governed by any su-called ine ferlor race; hence the Irrepreswible conflict will go onin the South il] the exodus removes at least o part of the negro race, which fa weakest mentally thouvh rtrongest in number in sono of the Statcy, But I don't Hke the {dea of an exodus to tha North. ‘That will only be changing the location of the race conflict, Gen. Gnant's idea was the tro one, snd ought to have beon carriod ot, Annex San Domingo, a territory capable of,supporting ten milllons of people in comporative.tuxnry, and give It to the nogro, twoen the principal Southern ports and that teland, giving free transportation to tho emigrant, and you Let nationul vesaole ply be+ will wee an ‘exodus’ worthy of tho namo. Io that event the South would MVP with a tahor Nke that in the North, whien would not submit tramely elthur to the lash of the bulldozer'tor to the depri- vation of Sta political rights," 7. | It is a notable foot that mauiyiof the North. ern men who havo lived in tid ‘Cotton States 0. bympathy: and politicnt oppression prédlicod npon tho blocks, ora still of (io opinion tat it will not be possible to harmonize the relations between tho two races, eis "this judgment be correct, then it is (rue that.an “ oxodus” is ‘‘ tho only solution of tho Southern quos- tion.” Tha sama viow of the situation haa beon taken by many Northorn mon of ability not residing in tho South, and it has boon tha inciting cause of various! projects for emigration and colonization of tho blacke, among which mny be onumerated the follow- ing: A schome to agrco upon some ona or two nogro States, with oncouragement for tho settlomont of the blacks aud the removal of tha whites; the purohaso of Ban Do- iningo, which was urged by Gen. Grant largely upon the ground that the new island in our possession would furnish a congenial homo for the oppressed bincks of the South; Senator Wrixvom's scheme for black omigration to Dakota, Montana, and othor lands open for settlemont in the Territories of tho cold Northwest, and would roqnire that they should farther somo such profect for tho colonization of tho negroes, for most of thom pretontl thot thoir country would be botter off without the Ulacks, Renewed emigration froin the Cot- ton Btotow in the winter nud spring, .after the gathoring of the prosont orop, may be confidently expected. ‘Chit will sorva to convince the Southorn whites thnt the move. mont is not tranalont and imnfmportnnt, but actually throntens 9 ova of: tho black inbor. It will thon be for the ‘ruling lisa" to do- termina whethor they desira to keop the lacks, or tolot them gotheir way. It the former, thon they must trent the nogro ns an equal before the law, nnd, if tho Inttor, they should furthor any proper achome for facili- tating binok emigration and for colonizing the nogrocs in auch a way as to provide o finol gottloment of the raco problem, To the Kalter af The Tridune. vaud, July 2.—In your editorial commenta upon the claht-lour movement T think you fall to cuunider the underlying principle. Thin consider tobe, in brief, whother it ta butter for all con: cornet that one portion of the waze- workers of the United States ahnuld work t others of their cline are ent ment, of whether the working time of these who now work whould not ho decreased tn order that all muy oblain somothing ta du—in order that cyery one inny have an opportunity to carn his dally bread by honest labor. In ordarto bring this mat- ler more clearly before Tuy THtnuse for considers ation, Tahall put asupposititious casa, and answers to the queations contained therein will be unxioun- ly awaited by me and others concerned in the movement. Suppure tho entiza ponutation of this world 1s eight, four of whom owt all the meana of prodnc- tion, while the uther four produce, tho necesaarics of life for all, receiving for their own Wee and con: sumption # stipulated quantity of products, Sup- pose, again, that the cutire number of bourw de- voted cally to production by the four **hewurs of wood and drawere of water's clult,—two hours perday worked by each, —and that this is found ample for tho production of all necessaries and iusnrlas, Now. nuppose one of thoaa employes should (ut a hint fron the Sabloyates conculve the wea that he could perform all the noeded Tabor, ond should immediately act upon that plan, In such cage what would of cold the ‘army of un employed dot Instead of belng protected in “*hife, itborty, and pursaltaf happiness,” would they not be cheated out of existence, and that too whfle abundance for all could bo obtained by n fair division of inbor? Would the employing clarn become richer by thle freexing-out process, and towhatextent? Under such conditions vronld It not be jist and proper that the eclfishneas of the one dog-in-the-manger workman should bo cist aside, and that on opoortunlty should be given. to the other three tu earn theit daily bread iy the aweat of thelr brows? Would tt not bo the hight of cruelty todisreyari the appeal of the three unemployed workmen while they stand at Sturvas thon'a door? If the monopolist workman diaregard- eu the ery for justice, for iife, of tie distressed comrades, would he not merit the acorn and con- temptat all honarablo mon? Aud should not the umployer who encouraged tho welfluhness of the one as agalnat the rights and lives of the others be abhorred while living and daniued when dead? . Now, Me, dltor, I desire fair ans sere to those ucstions. ‘Sls caso can have no connection with the extenvton of Anierican exporta, It will be on- necessury to diycues whethor the Ametican pro- ducer abould ondeuvor, by fair wuzes aud euploy- ment for all, to create & youd hume warket (whoro M4 percent of line productions are congumed), ur whether he should devote his entire attention to the forelgn market which {4 prepared to. re- ceive & por cant of his products. In other words, It la not nt all necessary to decide In this cnay whether tho tail shonld wag the doz. An aps especinily along tho line of the Northorn Pacific Railroad. . Tho recent flight of black Inborers from Loujsiona and Mississippi was not the remult of any organized effort, but o spontaneous movoment among themselves to escape oppression aud injustioa, stimu. inted, of course, by the usual promises hold ont by railroad circulars ; and henco it attests tha engerness of the negrocs, ax a clasy, to quita soction of the country where thoy Republican porty because it hns had bad amen in its ranka, it ia romarkablo that thoy did not go sooner, Tho bad moun in office in tho Republican party woro most numerous during Grant's two Administrations, Yot the Gormons did ,not secodo thon. Under Haxzs, roform has boon prom: jaed and accomplistidd, Wo defy any man to polut to a purer Administra. tion in tho Jast fifty) years than that which Mr. Haved is now carrying on at Washington. It must bo, then, that tho Germans aro leaving and going to lenve, ac- proving their condition. ‘Cho palpable mani. festalion of thia disposition on their part, which tho Southern whites cannot reasonably hava labored for fourteon years without im-_ cording to Miomazzts, heoausa there wero bad mon in the party many yeara ago, The slowness of Germans tg. got angry is pro. verblal, but wo canuot bolivye that they are just now gotting angry about corruptions that wero punished yoars ago, We believe Micnarzis js mistaken on this point. Ho is probably alco mistaken {n saying that tho Gormans are outraged becausy bad men and awindlors have appeared in Republican con- yontions, A full proportion of the objac. tionable characters who havo appeared in Republican conventions have been Germans, If tho Gormans don't want thom there, it will bo onay to stop sending thom, ‘Tho Ro- publican party la no moro responsible for them than the progont Sogiallst party ix. ‘The second and main part of the Micuar- 118 arguinont for the Socialists is that the Republican party has permitted Sronur Myrzs and ). D, Srxnozn to steal tho peo- plo's money, and has not provided Iswa to puulsh thon or enforced such laws as wore in existence, It would be av vonalble to chargo the last eclipse, or tho geisshopper plaguo, or the farulno in India, of tho fuanolal dis- tress in Germany, to the Republican party, The party cannot be hold respouslble for tho thefts untoss it can bo proved that it recom. mended Myrns ond Srenerx to take their dopositora’ inoney and invout it foolinbly, Wo do not know that apyboly has attempted to prove that, or that‘ oven Miouaenia would be foolish enough ta‘assort it serious. ly, or that uny ubnsible German would be- lievo it for 8 woment. ’ ‘Tho statement that the Nepublican party lias = nots provided §=lays to punish bank-robbers is a faluehood, “‘There aro such Jawa. Srencyn’ know them, avd he rou owey sud ‘took refuge in Germany from then, fe fa living iu Bor. lin, Myvzns felt the forcu,‘of them, and is now under indictment. Ho walka the streets because Le has beou bailed ‘out of jail, Do ignore, mny bo tho turning point in the oon- filot of races in the South, land-owners of tha South that they cannot Tt may warn the Jouger maintain this conflict withontinourring the risk of losing the Jabor which supports thom, and the apprchension of such loss may teach the Sonthern Anglo-Saxon” that ho can bettor afford to give tho nogro hfs polttical and social rights and o foir sharo of his earnings than to lose binck Iabor alto. gather, If this warning be heeded, aud the white population of the South adapt it- golf to tho situation, thon tho prodiction thnt the two races cannot live togethor in ponce will prova to be wrong; otherwise, thero is little doubt that more comprohon- sive schemes will be organized to rolvase tho Dlacks from their guast condition of bondage at the South, aud furnish thom with homes whora material prosperity and polltical oquatity will depend upon thelr own indus. try, frugality, and ambifion of purpowe, In tho lattor oyent, the revival of Gov, Grant's Ban Domingo project will probably ba ro- ceived with moro popular favor than woo accorded it whon it waw first proposed, It would seem now that Gen. Gaanr was gifted with moro presclenco than hig opponents, and it iq uafo to say that, if the Republican party had the same political con- trol now that {tunfoyed at the time when Guanr was urging tho purchase of San Dom. ingo, renowod nogotiations would result in tho noquisition of that idaud with special roforonca to the colouization of tho blacks. It may bo that recent Democratio blunders may restore to the Republicans a Congress’ in sympathy with Northern civilization and political mothods, and in that case the anxiely of tho blacks to exoape from tho hardships of their present existenco may find « rosponse and practical aid in the Amoricanizing of San Domingo for their boucfit. Even if the ex: Confederates shall prevail in tho Adwinistra- tlon of the next four years, strict honcaty pea) to tho salfahneay uf thore who aro now Ho fortunate as to hinld situations {4 no answer to the questions, Au appeal to the selfwlness of em~ pluyors no answer, Cabling wiv an idiot [6 no ane wer. | Saying Yum w vaurant-witten Laan, nulla noanswer, And avon the beloved word **dema- ta no ouswer, 1 desire the discuesion of the to be fair ond just. Lam an advocate of the el our movement, antl believe thut neither the snecrs. spacial pleading, nar deliberate niiu- whatemepta ef asl the newspapers in Cheistondom can atay Its progress. Eoonomtcy." A favorite kind of sophistry ts to set up o bundle of preposterous suppositions, and then draw conclusions theryfrom to sult tha wishes of the sophiat. ' Economtcy’”. proceeds in this weak moue of argument, nud scems to think that ho has erected an invulnerable fortiféation behind which to shelter bis eight-hour. theory, Rauueing the whole world to sight persons— four capitallate and four laborers—is 9 ridiculous: “suppose” to begin with. The complicated and multitudinous avocations of mankind can- not be illustrated, sampled, or supposed? in auch way. ' (8) It is nonsense:to “!suonose” that foutpervond Wwattendy henotrd ich puis day could * produce ns ‘nich: * products as eight persons would desire ‘to’ use and unjoy. (9) It is very Iikely, “-howover, that if four employers had four ‘tollora” in thelr service who jwould onty labor two hours per day, thoy would promptly discharge them and do the work themselves, snd lot, tha - two- hour gentlemen: “go West? (4) It fs utterly absurd to “suppose” that tio hours’ work per day “would be found am- qile for the production of necessarics and lux- urlea of two men to ench two-hour worker, Such a supposltion fs wot only absurd, but it is Legeling the question at teauc, It ‘disregards ant fgnores human nature, bumaa wants, hue man desires, And right lero ts tho funda. mental crror of all such personsas “ Econom- ica.” The people of thy world want all the wealth it {s possible for the whole: race to pro- duce. ‘They want ten or tty ttmes as much, If they con getit. hero fa no Init to human wants and desires for “necessarjus and lux- urles."” «The ‘wago-cloasoa" of Chicago spend more than the proceeds of two hours’ labor por day on quor and tobeeco alone, ‘The Communists understand this covetons, acantat- tly tendency of human vuture, ‘They intend to compel veenle to Hilt their wants to the mintuum. Thelr plan !s to fssuo apectile rations and clothes to each person in the comminnity after tha manner of provigfoning aud supplylug an army, ora poor-house, or State's Prison. If thla system were adopted of reatricting each person to the ininimum of necessarica, then short hours of Jabor and reduved production might be put {1 practice; but the Communlat forin of government will hove to be instituted hofore It cau badone. (8) It caunot bo too often repeated Uat the employment to tho wage-clasa must be Hmited to the public consumption of products, This Is calted the demand, © Cou- sumption cau ouly equal the meuns of purchase, It cannot equal desire, but only the ability to buy or alive in exchange, We repeat thut peo- plo can purchase grooda only to the amount of thelr carnings or {ucame; If thoy execed thut, they run in debt, and shortly into the hinds of the Constanla or Shertil, ‘The lesa o laborer, works it stunds to reazon the lesa he earns, and hence the lead he produces for exchauge, If o man works ten hours, ho producos suffictent to keep some other man employed ten hours to get enough products to swap with him; whereas, if he works but oleht or five hours per day, ho will eara only cnough to'pur- chase three-fourths or one-half of the products of the ton-hour man; the latter will have an unsold surplus of goods, owi the former will not bo able to purchase It. The {dea of potting ten hours’ production Jn oxchange for clebt hours! work fs a weak delusion, Whon the olght- hour aystem is adopted, cuch laborer will have the productions of tht space of time, and no more, to sell or exchange for the restricted aud reduced ‘productions of sumo other clght-hour worker, because they can, only supply cach other's wants to thy extent that cach bas pro- duced something to sell the other, und conse quently no additional laborers wilt find cmploy- went. ‘The’ rule muat therefore ba laid down that the less a man works the lees no can buy, and the less employment he can furnish to other workers, ‘This {s al! plaln cnough to any man who wauts to sce and dou's willfully shut blu oyea to the bard logiv of tacts and exporl- ence. ee The old mythological method of representing stics ad a Diudfolded friage holdlug the # has had another (Mustration In Alilwaukee recoutly, Jest spring o special telegram from the Cream City brought the readers of Ture ‘Tamuse the sonsutional news that a Mrs. UN- pegwoon had beea arrested on complatnt of one Haypen, of Chicago, for uttering forged paper, und the digputch wout on to give the pare theulars, It was alleged that Mrw. Unounwoon, who “beuluuged to the best society in Ajiiwau- kee," had been speculating fu wheut, and, hay- ing beon caught in o corner,—thut fa, eho had Deon gelling “short” when sho ouglt to have sold “Mong,— and beliy unable to vover her margius she bad to Iu down (guratlyely) bike the restof the boys. It waa alleged tether that Mra, UnpeRwoop did whst soma ofher | Busia and Fryine-Czouns are ta bo civil ahedt spectators do when thoy gat left, viz. utter totes tb ediae the wind (or the wheat) with’ certain good nines upon them to’ make them current, when tle dwiors of the tinmes afore- Bald: tad not ‘Heo “consulted. Notes of this kind © were’? Sut “to the amount of $14,000, and ure out nb, Now there aretwo persons by tho nome Tof‘A. G. UNpeRwoon; one In Massachisotts, whiis the Jady's-father- in-law nnd a resnansible person, and another As Q. Uxperwoon, who fives m Milwaukee, who fs the lady's husband, and who fe not as: rich ag ALEXANDER Mircusit, It was represented to Haynes iat the notes he purchased of Mra, Unpenwoon bore the’ stronture elther as maker or. fndorser Of the A. G, Unpenwoop who wan her father-in-law, and other prominent citizens werd deluded fn a Wke manner, Mr, Marnen went to Milwaukee and had the lady , arrested for uttering forged paper, whereupon the first cirelos were very much torn up and acandallzed by stich a valger event. Ex-Gov. Levixaron wont her ball, although he had In- dorsed two of the notes and was already mulct to the tune of $1,200. Jonn J. OrTox, an erratic lawyer of some local reputation alttiough involved pecuntarily in the tady’s trausactions for a large amount, undertook her dofense, aud, os it bas turned ont, managed her case ex~ cocdlugly well. At this polnt the beauty of the acienco of law.comes iu to the great rellof of Mre, Unpsuvoon, but to the dlagiat and dis comfiture of Mr. HWaypgx, ‘Three facts In tho, cage, yea, four, are evidont cnough: (1) That Mrs. Unprnwoop speculated in wheat and got left, (2) That sha sold notes purporting to ba signed by her fathorin-law. (0) That she got the money and used St. (4) That the ola man nover did eign such. notes and will not pay them. Everybody gatd she ought to be punished, but aho wren't. . All. tha Milwaukeo papers wero full of it,but aro now sorry, they sold a word. ‘Tho other day the case came up iu the Criminal Court, Judge Mauiory presiding, nnd !u about fifteen minutes -by the..Shrowabury cloct'* Mrs. Unpgnwoop walked out of.the City-Hatl purged of her crime, and. raveiving the hoarty congratulations of Ler. larca circle of frienda, It wasn’t forgery; tt wasn't obtaining monoy ‘Mpon falso pretonses; ft wadn't avytbing ‘bad that Mrs. Unpgrwoop did, only ake got $14,000 of other ‘people's wonoy. Poor Haypen can't exactly sco how lt was done,—tie facts in the casa appeared go plain to.his simpto comprehonaton, —but he fs sotisfled now that ft fs all right, and is reconciled to bia loss on the princtplo that he {s found in such good company. Hole atrongly of tho ausvicion, howover, that the caso wa “doctored” aftor legal procaedings had been commenced, and thut the personified figure of Justley allowed the bandage over his eyes to slip down juat a little so that he could seo which gcale ought to kick tha beam. But Mr. Haypen’s troubles have just begun, The lady's friends have’ had him “arrested ou o charge of falso imprisunment, taking usurious Intorest. or blackmalling, and ho will probably bo nade to pay dear for attempting to yet his monoy baclr. a : ‘The extra seasion of Congress just closed was geort ofa oreliminary skirintah between the two great polltical armies bafora the big pitehed Dattlo of 1880 begins. It was the first thine that the Democrats had a mnjority In the Unisod States Sanate stnco the Southern wing of that. party ‘rebelled ,in 1861 and left the Senate, to go home and engage in the effort to destroy the Union, In the skirmish just cnded they Gave come aubat the Htele end of the hors, The Election laws haya netvbeon repealed. The sCoverninent bas, of been “ coorced ! nor’ “starved? Thoy have not boon able to nullity what they could not repeal. They hiave not suc- ceeded in bulldozing the President. They tava not been ably to abolish tha’ Executive branch of the Goyornmant. They have not reduced nor Uiagraced tha army, They havo not holped elther of their numerous candidates on one step towards the wominatlon for tho Presidency, except it bo Samunn J. Tie nen, Tho Demo-Confedorates retire trom the field after a contost of: fourtaen woeke, badly beaten .,and:.demoralized,,..Every charge that - ithdy have mado has been gallantly repulaeds-' * ‘They have bean out-maveuvered and out-gen- craled. They will be busy through the summer in taking care of the aick and wounded and burying the dead. But there aro somo thiaga that they did accomplish. Thoy hays succeeded Jn thoroughly uniting and solidifying the Renub- lean party, ‘Thelr reactionary und: revolution- ary conduct thoroughly aransed and alarmod the country. They have convinced tha voople that thelr motives are unpatriotic and thelr policy subversive of their best Intercats. The acesfon bss been a-menace to commercial pras- perity, and there 3 Iess tension on all the nerves: of trade ta-day:butausecthby hava adjourned. They naye ahown-ogreatlark of party manse> ment, und a greater lack of wisdom, The only thing that they haye exhibited a creat capacity for ig blundering. Inthat they ara up to con- cert pitch, a8 usual, ‘They now ga home to prepare for the tromendons battle of 1830, focl- ing for all the world like Len dit after be had been up to the plenls with Gen, Mgzapz on those disastrous July days at Guttysburg. eo We greatly fear that Congrcssinau Pounn, of Wisconsin, will carn the title of The Watch- Dog of the Treasury,” not because he is ing. ¢llned to guard the poople’s stroug-box with the steopless vigilance that is charactoristle of wateh-dogs,' but becatise “ne {9 ao anxlots to get ‘into it himeelf."Kvery yedr that Mr. Pounp’ has beon {Congress the River and Harbor Ap- propriation bills have contained numerous items, disbursing large sums for wild-goose improve- ments. fn Pounn's district, until there tsn'c a stream" big cnonh to float a bullhead drawing: two inches of water but that bas had a donation of money to improve or survey it. Having had auch good ek tn obtalning money (upon false pretenses) from tho National Tresaury for the benefit of lis numerous: water-powers, Gov. Pounp has undertaken tho schema to make good times in his district by educating tho Tn- dian children. of, bis. locality. Having seun the suthorixdd statement somewhere that It costy..tho-. United: States Government avout §20,000 for cach-nud every Indian killed by our soldiers, the quaation camo home to his manly bosom whéther it were not bettcr to educate than to kill them. Js district cone tains throe reservations, and embraces various remnants of once powerful tribes from tho untutored savage Who “aeca Gon {n clouds aud’ heare Ita in the wind” up to the semt-clvillzed , Iudiav who has reuouncad hls: tribal rolations, und who votos and dejnks whisky ike the bal- ance of Vounn's copatittouts. Ue bas accord- Ingly introducod a bill into the House of Repre- sontatives appropriating mianey for tha better education of theag childrun of. the forest. He ho doubt see fu his miud’s-aye a aystom of! graded schools established fu the plug foreata of: Chippewa Valley, tu which the future Srrt and Christlanizeds at least {t 1a Pounn’s latest plan to tnake butter times in Northera Wlacon-' ain, whon the hupber market ts.dult and the cranberry crop Is a falture, ne It ta consoling to the feelings of the whole country to know that the editor of the Courier-’ dournal has ceased to stay awawe nights for fear the country ts yalng to the devil, Th de- clares that it has no moro interost in the couns try than other folks, und that if other fulks ara ‘Saeqatoscent,” so will Its editor bo also, This Js encouraging, und insuiras.us to bapa that there will bo vo mam: warennot If It depends on Kentucky, Qur syeure way aa well be beaten into prauing-hooks and our swords iute lawn mowers, Te does looks sumetines as iC it were, batter for a follow not to kick egalust the, pricka. ¥ ————— : We greatly fear that the good old Scriptural adoue about a toyse divided ayatuat ttsclt not belng able to stand will have another siustra- Monin the Milwaukee Sunday Teegraph, Tho’ fast number of the paper lates that “one ot, the editors faa TILDEN Democrat and the other wu llayes Republican” sa ‘Tho theory of theeight-hou fe that thelr: system of abort work will raise compensation und give Idlo wen cinployment, white tu fack’ iy will dy ucither obe wor the d.ler, because aby,