Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 15, 1879, Page 9

CHICAGO TRIBUNE SATURDAY MARCH 15 18 LITERATURE. nmmoir of the Rev. Francis Hodgson,” by His Son, " ife and Times of Stein ; ory Ger- many and Prussia in the Napoleonic Age.” upidar,” by B, D. Morice-** Tho Bed- oins of tho Euplirates,” by Lady Aune Blunt. ugistory of the Church of England,” "y Canon Perry~Literary Notes i —-The Magazines, J drivals Abeut Chitago-To thio North Pole by Dailoon--'rotection of Iron- Surfaces, LITERATURE. A TRIEND OT BYRON. he bateful ight of Byron's genjus has served 1 flominate many iusiguificant figurcs fu Jenry bistory. Every one who shared tho squalntance of ' the most celetrated English- panof the nineteenth century ' Lias been per- giited to enjoy o sort of reflected fame. And yom Trelawney, with ghoulish curlusity uncoy- oing the deformity of bis dead Iriend, to the (ountess Gulccioll, shose thick und fnsipid wlamo slmost casts doubt upon the story of yer improper ntimacy with the poet, nearly ey one has offered us his little or his big ek sbout Lord Byran. Rare, then, was the fbesraoce of Francts Hodgson; in golog to his donored grave unsbriven of some sixteen years' mcollectlons of that. moble author. Not so, Jowever, conld he escapo the manifest destiny oftll Byron's fricnds,—to be In some way pro- dadtlso of memolrs, I1is son, the Rev. James 1, Hodgson, still Mves, and tashis filial devotion st owo the hundsomu volumes before us. The son of n clergyman, Francls Ilodgson ws born ot Croydon, Nov, 16, 1781, He re- eired his education at Eton and at Kine's (ollege} Cambridze. That it was a good one }is sbscauent oceunancy of tho posts of Master stEton, Fellow and Tutor at King's, Iuocumbent of Bakowell, Archdeacon of Derby, and, lastly, o Provost of Eton, sulllciently fndicates. A fing dasleal scholar, with a neat turn for pootical oaposition, his tustes took him much into the sxisty of Mterary men, though, with the excep- toasof Byron, Moore, Rogers, nnd Hallam, his iknds possessed names that would bo unfa- ollsr to most readers, and to not.a few authors. During bis early years he was o coplous writer ¢irestews, and contributed many able articles to the periodical terature of the time. Iio'also wblshed several volumes, notably *Bacred Lelswre” mand * 8acred Lyries,” But, If we may judge from the space glven by the son to iteaccount of his father's translation of Juve- ), wo should say that upon that work Francis Hodzsonreated hls reputationasn man of Jetters, Doubilesa the translation was a good one,—per- Lpssuperlor to Dryden’s, as fs asscrted,—but, forall that, it was promptly drageed’ into the areof the Edinburg Keview, ond apparently de- Toured by the ogres tiiat Inhablted there, ns wo bear no moro of it. . tls rather In his charpeter” of roformer than uaothor that Francls Hodgson will bo Jonrest rnembered. Tho year: 1840—the .400th since | Lefoundation of the colteze~—&nw him tnstalled Purost of Eton. Though «in “hls:COth year, Boleson at ouce set ‘about making Improve- zals, Ho erected new bulldings, perfected tedratnae, {ntroduced the teaching of mathe- Sitles nod modern faugringes, und at. last at- tuked even the time-honored fnstitution of Yontem. [n attemptiug this reform, Hodgson oetwlth oppositfon on all sides, ‘The Queen benelf was arruyed agafnst him. But ho victo- oy arzued the polnt with hers and, In 1847, Wt trlenoinl begping expedition of students Iressed a8 highwnyinen camu to an end. lodgson dfed Dec. 20, 1853 He was twice Eamled,~the second timo to o daughter of Lord (et Justles Denman, An admirable public smant, and o man of epotiess private character, ks spectul traits were porhiaps well summed W l!_lilyrvn in o letter to Modre: ™ +Lhear thist Hudeson {s your nelghbor, You il ind him an excoflent-hearted hfilow. s well oneof the cleverest; a lttle, perhaps, too Buch japanned by preferment in the Church ud thi tujtion of youth, as well ne inoculated Lflh the disease of domestic felicity, besides g overrun with fino feclinze about womun d constancy (Lt small ehange of love, which lknblc cxact 80 rigzidly, recelve in such counter- i euln, wnd repay fn boser metal); but other- Wz yery worthy man," nh the eusulnis remarks wo ehall have mors to 'Y of Byrou thun of Hodpzson, who must now Py tbe benalty uitenale the onjoyment of an senbadowing fricndship,—n friondship, tou, tamacked somewhat of patronnze. {v!ur, on um-na!un of Hodgson's first mnarriage, Byron NI bis debts to the nmount of £1.000, It was In 1808, at Catnbridgo, that the two ods first et, and from that timo onward b mutual regurd was cloudless. At the very Wm' of thelr acquaintanco llodgson as . ed by the epiritual condition of his frlond, nvl!l::hwhnm lia geems to have foflicted much Q s counsel. This was good-Lumoredly e ‘fl’ Byron, who wus perbaps e flattered ’by Hodgson's ciforte, vy rrobably’ regarded them as the teeid tlign of that elemental struggle’ be- lul“ tho pwwers of Might und darkness which |>°ne«dn bu golug on for the possession of a0 u.‘m"” soul us bis, In a rough way he con- P Iful' 1o dispute with Hodgson ceriulu nlce T o divinity, sehich, by the way, i never ol L deerude the Creator, n' the first ooy ¥ wuking Him a berottor of children: "nnw next you convert Him {nto o tyrant knum Immaculate and fnjured Belng, who s ™ uto exlstenco to suffer death for the boe- dhgems milllons of scoundrels, who, after i a8 likely vo be damned s'ovor. God baky, cove mado Itis will known without ol .;mn&m':rluu how very few could read My nlmw esus of Nazareth lived, had it been s ure to yatlly uwny peeulive mode of Yl As to your immortality, it puople are topye! oy di6T” And_our carcasses, which oro mmfi-’lln. aro- ey worth ratsing? { hope, thay 1.7 thut L shall have o botter pair of leys bave moved on theso two uud tiveat fi'l"ff.fig'h“u be sadly behind in the ueeze 50." Plajnly thero § g Yith g y thero 18 no reasonin, n“"l'p‘smll. Person,—oue who brings hislegs lnt,«; l\onm!'u‘ And 80 the good parson trics to b nn-:.“" ol the traveler apainst too possi- legy 8 Wit religious poetry like the fallow- Yot it pleaning eiango allaro thee Hay e rouriy swolling bide, 7 Ahe one great Guldo vecira thog— Ay gy, "o BO'UF forget thy Guide, ey “Hny was his publistier, Byron probably [rvio ¢ fujuuction of the isst Mne, but Bl hot6 verses would scem Lo havo liad \ With what horror must the gontle 1a¥6 recelved, dn return for his blame- oy this fell exhalation from the pivi Wil I somo succeediug year, ,.mnluxugm'- **3ay is lu the sere, " By wys o584 OF one whoss deopeulog crimes “mmu tbic sableat of tho timen; Nor o UCE luvo sor pity aways, Ung ‘“Du of fume, nor gooy ma‘:’x'l praise; ride P..:;:.,,q, H0L Llood sball sueh e N Wi :nk d 11 somo recording page lilgy “hfl‘ mlul‘:L‘unucul 3( 1‘«"" ‘s - il now, and, knowiug, NOE Witk g eifact forgot the cans, P22 lhlmz does not appear to bave affected Wil ut his wrote fu the margin of the orlg- bl y.' N. B.—The poor dear soul meant P u‘:l 'um.—v. L. which we_ take to be lnu,, e wus vot deflerent {n that quallty, "‘Muuxnn 6 luter lotters to Hodgson Lo drops Bt u;mrwuny sitogetbier, sud wo get i 1.‘_“u“um g) ot of ‘despalr u his more "‘Wum%"}n' CVeral of thess letters have ] i o PULHSked, und fn them wo find ky thig 8 which, sheddlig no new light upon ! ot Cu‘vj:r are atil contirmatory of the it dm“" upon him. It bLas always B L; ed thut ho waa ficklo in hls atuiv ’.“wn B 0;ucn. Hero wa bavo evidence thut "‘ihuuu“ lcd of Lig fricnds, Writlng from g o oble, July 4, 1510, ho aunountes bis R o 1jirs, for droece, wnd that of Hob- S claud. ‘Yhey had been s year to- A I stern ambition's [iy gethery and Disonly commant upon thelr sepa- ratlon s: I am confldent that {'mm montiis ol any piven Individual ta perfect fpecacunnhba.’ 1t1s desire of vhysieal supcriority, all the keener fur his deformley, finds expression In the samu lotter, when, mentionlig fis swimming feat for the third Ume, he odds: “1 plume mysclf on thia ochievement more - than 1 could possibly do on nny kind of plory, romlcnl. poctieal, or rhetorfeal”? Four years iefore Nifs own marringe he writes thus of his fetend Drury: 1 will nover forgdve matrimony for having spoflcd such an excellent bacholor.” And hera Ia the man who cried_out ngalnst un- pm criticlam, and, lald about him so hstily in * English Bards und Seoteh Reviewers,” calinly snying of 8 certaln eritique, 1 wial it had pro- dhiced a Mittle more confuslon, being n lover of Iiterary allce.” Many readers of this memoir will turn with tolittle interest to o serfes of Jettors written by Byron's sister, Mra, Lelgh, which we think, witl Mr. Jnmes Hodgson, will cause alt unprejudiced versons to abandon forever w vertaln unclean explanation of Lurd nnd Lady Byron's scpara- tlon. Judeed by the ovidence of her letturs, Mra, Leigh would scem to have been n most ex- emplary \vl!c, and adevated, an well as prolific, mother, From the timo of her brother's war- ringe with Miss Milbanke until his_death, sho was the Impartiol friend of both, ler anxlety on Byrow’s uccount was constant, and {n sonio of her letters Is cxvrersed with charming naivete, Writiug to JHoduson of a lotter just recelved from her brother, she says, * Jle wioto {ns usunl to me) on the old subfees very uncom- fortably, and on his present pursuits, which are what we could dreald aud expeet of him," yron sald, *'The enuses of the separation were too simple to ba caslly found out.” Lady B{run’s nutter want of humor was probably one of them, 8ome womnen would bave laughed Byron out of his corsoir moods. Add to this o sense of Leauty so finperfeet us to be noticed by an old gardencr,—who, on seeing n lovely flower In full bloom fn some neelected shot, rlirewdly remarked, *Lady Byron would have called that a weed,"—und we have two. Thut Byron's hab- 1ts were of the worst, and his morals nat of the best, when he marrled, there can be no doubts but, Lady Byron was not whally ignorant of these facts.” She certninly gave up the work of reform n Jittle tow soon s and, morcover, she did not set nbout ler work in the right way, ‘The drupkard suddenly deprived of his stimulants hins delirium treniens, Why, then, should not Lady Byron have expected sowe horrible convutgion when she began to tamao this soul of flra to solitary walks, to early hours, touwull games of cards, enlivened only by the senfto ceotism of her father? Mr, James Hodrson draws a pleasant pleture of what the wedded life of Byron might have been, We wonld not underrato the siinple ]nfn of domestiecity: and yet we think they would have been deddening to such o geofus as his, Ligntning {8 most vivia apalnst a black sky; und 80 certain kind of genfus, like that of Byron or de Musset, gains In brilllauey by the dark background of iron fortune. Memolr of the lley, Franels Hodwson, B, D., Scholar, Poct, nnd Divine, with numerous lot- ters from Lord Byron and others, by his son, the Rev, James ‘I’ Hodgson, M, A,y 'In two vol- &méa, w[lh a portralt, London: Macmlllan 0. 5., . Ao Ho THE LIFE OF STEIN, Prof, Seclye's * Lifo of Bteln' mny well awe the unpracticed reador. Two lnrge volumes of 600 pages cach ara not to be lizhtly taken up n this busy nge. Uuless the kmnportance of the subject 18 pre-eminent, or the narrative sucelully engagiug in its mnnner, blographics that uro written at such length are not apt to get a gen- ernl audience, Yet the author in this cise claims credit for condensation. The standard life of Btein, by Pertz, {s In scven volutnes. L'rof. Seelye's last 100 pages cover the period de- scribed In 1,400 pages of Pertz. But it las seemed neeessary to explain customs and Insti- tutlons that fu Germany are known familiarly; and the author hos felt thut his statements must bo full, becouse a large proportion of the ques- tions dlscussed have never been treated before in Enplish. ‘It s the abundancoe of matter," he says, **und not any dillusiveness or prolixity of Btyle, that bas nade the book so large.” in another place lie challenges the crities with a confldence which In his casc ot lenst Is not offensive: “I certainly wish this blozraphy to be judged by a bigh standard, and desire no other allowance to be made for me than what may always be claimed by o blog'aplier who {s writing of a foreigner, ‘nnid of one from whom ho 18 geparated by a whole age,"” 5 Ot the fidelity with wbich. Irof, Seelyo ling performed Dis task we have ncither the dispo- sitfon'vor the ability to jndee; but, ofter a care- ful reading of tho two volumes in question, it scems proper to say that they are not relieved of the suspliclon of. prolixity by the abundance of tha material employed, Steln 1s, of course, a.figure of the first lmportance in German his- tory., Ifo was onc fustrument of organizing the movement for German uvity which has culmi- nated In such splendid resnits. He was, more- over, an agent of ftirst consequence fn bringing about the European alll- once which caused the overthrow of Napoleon, But he was not necessary to elther of these results. Germau unity would as cer- tolnly have been ostablished and Napoleon would as certufuly have_been overthrown it ‘Stein had never lived, Indeed, he wns at the critical moments of both cutcrprises out of favor with the soverelgns who wero chiefly cos cerned in bringing thetn nbout. After his f. n 1808 he was naver restored to oflico in Ger- many, nud the reforms which hie concefved were Intrusted to other hunds, Some of them were wholly defeated, and othiera_only partiully exe- cut ‘The Emancipating Edfet, which did tor the Prussfan serfs what Nicholos did for thoso of Russiz, was framed and ready for promulgation before Steln came futo office, “Though the greatest aluglo uchieve- meot of Steln's” Ministry,” “says Llrof. Beelye, “It wns yet Jmt which was Teust of all originated by him, and least Leurs the marks of his mind." 1iis scheme of ud- ministrative reform did not go into operntion until after bis rettrement, and then only in such an altered shape that its suthor might wellhave dlsayowed avy vesponsibility for it. Even the military reform, the most cowprehensive and famous of all, was, in the words of our suthor, #sketehed and commenced under Steln's aue spices, snd yet not by him.” Hie only great catapleted work was the municipal reform, the abject of which was to restoro to the communes the privileges which they lost. This was the foundation of natlonal und parilamentary 1lb- erty; and ofall the reforms for which “Stein was chlefly respoustble it produced the most i+ purtant resuits, ‘The military reform had the most {mme- diate und llrlkln]i' cffect on the history of Gurmany, thouzh it was only * sketched and commonced under Stelu's auspices.” Beharn- horst was the authior of it, It is o nistake to suppose that even then the Prlnelulu of com- pulsory scrvico was new In Prussia; “ontho coutrary, it was the olil principls of tho Btate, on which its greatncss was founded.” Frederle the Great entoreed {t rigorou The evils ot Frederick's systemn, which Benarnhorst abol- Ishied, lay In tils exemptions whickiwora granted to favored ses aud individuals. The army of old Prussia was rafsed by conseription; but from this conscription Jargy classcs of persous, 88 well as whole towns and districts, iad ex- cmptlon, In the main, the citfzou class were exempt, whilo tho peasantry wero subject to compulsory service; and, {n order to matn. taln’ so large &an . army, it was necessary to mnko tho term of service twenty years,” This unjust compulsion was the chlet tause of the weakness of the Prussian army, whiclh fcll almost without a blow befors Nae poleon ut Juna, When compulsory servico was mudo universal and o reservo established thut organizution of the Prusslan army began which afterward procured for it the victorics of 1813, 1868, and 1870, Bcharphiorst Orst concoived the military reforn, and as Miulster of War and Chlef of Btafl saw it begun, He had, it Is true, the symputhy snd nssistance of Stoln during their official connection, But tho reform was moro Scharnhiorst's than auybody clae’s,—cer- taluly mure his thay Bie For™ the purposes of u Ufoeruphy of the lattey, the hmurf of this r:llurm haa been, 1% secms to us, too fully enter- ed upon, 'The yreat work of Stein's 1ifo was the organf- zation of the onposition to Napoleon Bonapurte. He contributed to the alllance as much us ho ceuld ‘while he was Chiet Minlster of Prussis, and, when he was proacribed and drjven from Ticelin by order of the Fronch Emoperor, ho cne tered tho servico of the Czarof Kusais, und was eyen moro efliclunt In thut place than {n Lhe uther, ilo was contldeatial savisor of 1he Czar in Gerinoo affulrs, aud it was chielly owlng to bim that the Czar fuvaded Uermuny, aud that aKlu& of Prussin wua forced iufo the alll- ance. Btein wus never wholly forgiven for this by the King, though lis greut services to the Biata lu thut und all other aifalrs should have far outwelghad bis slight frrevercuce of royaity. But thero was a time when Stedn, as vietual guardian of the smaller Uerman States, was Jocularly spoken of as the Emfwmr of Uermany, Ho was'in Parts when the oliles occupled that city, und he sac fo the Peace Cungress us Vien- na. . Jis influence was thrown at all times n favor of Uerwau unlfication, Ile was by birtn ou Iwperisl Knight, Woen Fraucts 11, betrayed Dits trust as Emperor, Stelu foll tn heartily with the fdea of watlicring'the fragments of the dis- menbered Ewplire’ about the King of Prussla, aud Lo soryed tho Uoverumeny of Wit Btate doubled enerry, because 1t became to him the sole hope of Imperiatism. ‘The (lovernment of Prussia auring part of Stelu's conneetlon with it was In somo respeets anomalous, It wus adeapotism not tempereil by purity or mildness, Pl King was surronnd- el by fayorites, male and female, whquonstitut- ed akitehen enbinet, and whasealvive was tnken In preference to thiat of the regutarly aphointed counselors of the King,' Before becoming Clief Minfster of State, Btein inslated that this ol onder of things should be done away with, nud o was partly succossful, But he aisamued il excrelsed the powers of a Dictator, and so outraged tho seosihilitles of the weak Fraderiek Wittt T11, that he was nover recalled after hils prosceiption by Napoleon. ‘The Prusstan Civil-Serviea holow the highest offlces was fonnded on right tdeas. Promution was alow but assured. Men of capaclty were welcumed, whatever thefr natlonality, provided only they wera Germans, Thus of (he Prusstan ‘nlhl!c men duringg the perlod treated o tlls hook, Hlanover sent’ Scharnhiorst il Hardonberies — Niobulr waa of descent nartly Ilunoverian, partly Danlsh, wnd by wdneation a flolsteiner; Bluener was n Meck- lenburerers Atndt came from the Tstand of Bu- §cn; Gnelsenau and Plehte were Swxons; nod teih bhinscll was n Franconlun cducated fu Hanover, Searcely nnv remarkable men of the q:f' except W, von Jlumboldt, Schon, nmd Sehlolermacher,were torn Prussian subjects, An- other prominent fact In councetion with the Prussian service waos, that a pecullar kind of alility scemed to be required, ~ This was not the ubility to conduct detleate diplomatie nego- tintlons, or to smooth away the scruples of o Teaislatly of a Uovernmenty to bring order out of the chaos into which the (inances had fallen, to pro- vide resources for a poor country without eredit, to re-catabllshi the various dopartments of the Government service on o safo_aml eco- nomical footing. This whs a work for which Steln was well qualiiled by his carly training fu the, l)ci\nrllllclll of Miunés, ils was an excen- tive and a business man of the first rauk, sl hls success was chieily due to those qualities, Which { these days are brought to perfection {i the counting-roum or themanufnctory. He was not elogquent, nora practiced writer; snd, though a University wan, was uot learned ju the Ger- man sense of 1he word, e achleved what he did slmply by virtus of his efeat force of will, his practical business sazacity, and his integrity ol purpose. * Prof. Beclye's life of bim, though, 08 we have sald, In plices prolix, s o valuable contributlon to ovur literature; il 1t gives a view ol the heeinnings of German such ns is to be found fu no vther pla aud Tlmes of Stein or, Germany and the Nupoleonle Ane'” By J. K. 8eclye. Bos- ton: Roberts Brothers, 1870. 2 vols, octave, clotl, $7.50.) PINDAR. The serivs of “Ancient Classies for English Teaders,’ as first: planucd, was 8o suceessful that a number of supplententary volumes have been added to {t. The lnst of these Is o volumu on Piudar, by the Rev. F. D. Morice,, M, A, Fellow of Queen's College, Oxford, nud Assist- ant Master in Rugby School. That be Is o com- peteot editor no one can doubt.who observes his familiarity with all the Pindaric writings,—a famlllarity which extends mot merely to - the original text, but to the allusions in it which are capable of [dentifeationpand to all the titeraturo of the subject. The metrical trans- lations by Mr. Morice aro not, it muat .be con- fessed, favorable specimens of English versifica. tion; put he has had the wisdom to barrow largely from the Bishop of Sallsbury's tfansia. tion, and hls own prose s both vigorous oud graceful, A somewhat unusual quality of Mr. Morlee'p criticlsm is its strict dmpartisllty. = Though stident of Pindar, and presumably an enthu- slust, he fs nble to estimute fairly “his place u nistory nnd literature, ‘The fame of Pindar in his own day und since, Mr. Morice admits, ex- ceeds the popularity of his poetry, ** Whateyer elements of permanent value thut poctry nme' contain," ho remarks, * it contalns also, boyonll question, mueh which could buve lttle valae for any but {ts orfginal audlence. . . . Uver the minds of his coutemporarics his influence was unequaled, but tne very gualities which at- tracted them repelled—und stlll repel—the men of other ages.” Mr, lorice devotes two chaplers to Greek Choral Poctry, describing its form nud matter, the ‘clrcumstances whichsealled it torth, and those under which it wae produced In public, . He then treats of (he Greelan gamus, showling their, connection with the religlon und the polities of ‘the Greck Btates. ' Voltatre spoke of Pindar as **an unintelligible and bom- bastie Theban, o poet of the .boxing-ring, the firas violln of ‘King Hlero.” Mr. Morlce owna that n modern reader, plunging without special vreparation uron o study of Plodar's odes, would be not unlikely to” find himself, for a time at least, in sympatliy with Voltaire's scorn- ful eritfclsm ; and one of “the objects of this Iit- tle book is to clear the way for a proper un- derstunding of Lhe subject, ‘Ihe Greek games werae the oceaslon and the buckground of Pi- dar's poetry., ‘'Fhey furnished o nexus aud a glossary for the odes. Mr. Morfce writes of them with real appreciation of thelr plave In Ureek Nfe. **It wos not in thelr religlous aspect alone,” he says, “‘that the groat cames {nfluenced 8o powerfully the fmagi- nation of every cultivated Greek. e saw In themn also the ‘chilel ana ahnust the nnl{ cone creto embodlment of an fden «which, In the eyo of Plndur more than ever before, was growlng wd [i'anlnunruuml In Greeve,—the gentiment of Pan-Hclleale unity, the conception of an abso- lute and even vhysical distinetfon between Greek und barbarlan? This passuize, we cop- celve, containg the key to the whole philosophy vl story of the treele games, Mr., Morice attemots o clussification of he Pindaric writings on the busls of the traditions contained, or referred to, in thoem, and with anunexpeeted degree of suceess. ‘The fdea is original with hiny, and he descrves eredst far it. 1t may furnish a convenlent solution of what s hitherto secined a hopeless problom. This volume, on the whole, fs us useful and enter- talnfug as any of its predecessors. (*Pindar,” F, D, Morice, A. M. Philadelphia: L pincott, 1870, 12mo._Bupplementary Buries Al clons Clussies for Euvllsh Readers, edlited by W, Lucas Collus, Cloth, $1.) BEDOUINS OF THE REUPIIRATES. At the present ttme, when the East is attract- ing the world's atteution, all literature pertain- ngz todt has un especial intercst to observing people. It I8 o stage, whose actors are the English, the Russlans, the Turks, and certain Aslatie tribes, and whose spectators aro the whole world, . n No part of the East should in {tself be more Interesting thon that concerning which tho lenst s known, Thoriver of the Kuplirates was sur- veyed by Col, Chesnoy In 18335, und statistics and a chart concernlng 1t published, but very little history of the people known as the Bedou- Ing, Hving near {t, hos been given to the world. It §s suld to have never been popularly de- seribed, nud, sluce the days of Xenophon, to have bardly been described at abl. ‘Ihie worl under review wns evidently fntended to moct this want.” Witnout doubt the materlal fn it would Ko far to do 8o, but the manner of {ts construc- tlondoes not commend itsolf to one requiring lin- medisty {nformation. It scems to have been thrown into tho publishers’ hunds as a mags of material, in which the scarcher after knowledee uay scarch until he finda the required fnformation, . Thera 1s no syatematic arraugement of the work, which izt bo overlooked if the oditor lad Inserted an index of subjects, or, in fact, an index uof any kind. Lo the uveragze reader there s no tnter- eat In the dlary stylo of writing, wiving the op- cration of each’day without aking any attempt to cull out the uninteresting und superiluous in- lormautlon. To the person who inteudu to travel this route, and desires to antlelpate just ubout what wili happen each uxccu:dhuf day, this work {s exactly what {s noeded, But how few peoplo are proposing to nake this journey! Let it not be understood thut the work {s without merit, ‘I'here is much valuable materlal init, It cone talos maps und Hlustrations thut commend the book to the reader at flrat thought, ‘I narra- tive is ood. ‘The followlny oxtract witl flius- trate sowe of the more substantial portions of it Tho political organtzation of the Bedoulna v e: tremely jnteresting, for it gives the pureat exanple of democracy o e found " in the world yuriuive the ouly one in which the watcliwords of Jiberty, equality, siid (ratornity uto marg thon s panic, . ‘L«h-rly, Indeed, 1u tho basle of tho wholg sys- tem; ana not national alone, but individual lb- erty, unfettered by any reatelction of atlegianco, ojther of King or Statu. The individusl Bedouin owue 0o dutics, oven ta his telbe, of which he c: not rid hlweelf by a slmple act of will; nor dJ ho subiule to any limitatlon of the sovereiyn ri; lio posscysen over Lily own person except by ow freo act und hile own Iutereats, 1f divsatls ha can at any Hiny retiro from the socluty ho Jongs to without a question weked or fear of penalty, Lis position rominds one gather of the member of a political club than of sublect or citlzen, Av long n & hu Is with his trive be.must confonn to certalu rules, and be takes part ln ull ita deliborations; but he can y timo witidraw from ils autbority It ho finds his opinlon Ju winority or his indey ouco humpered. No ono, thorefore, fo the dusert Las tho Jcast cuuso to complaln of tyrangy, for the romedy iy salways ot haud, ‘Then it conatantly Lapoens that, when pll({ 1eellug hns run high in & ribu, the minonty, tosicad of submitiing thelr oplnton to that ol the majority, retires. from the maty budy aud lves svars without the seccaslon ve hody, but to orzanize the muchinery * helng treated by these an an act of trenson or hy tillty to the State. Evena single tndividual n retire unguestioned, to pitch his tents swhere hi Will: antt 1h time of poacs (1§ Thre to fnd. mors than Afty or n hundzed famiiles living topether in dnily Intercourse, Kven when thero Is war, it fa tather the feur of heing attacked in detail than any tnty toward the teibe which keepa ita members fo- gether. . ., Arab horae-breeding $n deseribad, and nleo some imnortant measures concerning the future ofthe reglon of country visited, It wan certain- ly a strong love of adventurs that led a soman, With only n taw attendants, through @ wild region the inhabitants of which have long heen fearcd as the deadly enciny of the traveler. (The Bedouins of “the Euptirates, Ly Lad Anne Blunt, dited by ber attendsnt, W, 8, 1§, New Yor Harper & Drother, Irice, $2.50, 150 pp. 1870) W, . T A JUSTORY OF 'CIIE CHURCIT OF ENGALAND, ; ‘The new history by Canon Perry alins to cover the whole period of the Reformation fn En- Blaml, beginning with the time of Henry the Lighth. An Introductory chnoter traces the working of {mportant influences that prepared the way for the Reformation, The history of the English Church fs nlso hrought down froin the perfod of the Reformation to the close of the cighteenth century, Canon Perry bas fo the maln performed his work well. [lis style, though not Lrilllant, Is clear and easy, 'The uuthor evincesa goad degree of candor through- out. His impartiality as o Churchmnn. is, of vourse, severcly tested In his represcntations respecting the relatlons hetween English Epls. copacy ntud the Presbyterianism of Scotlnud aud the Evglish Purltans, But ho is as Ialr as could be oxpected n this portion of his history. Ou the whole, the work may b regarded as meetlng a want that [8 not su well provided for 1n anv other volume. ‘The taot-notes, referring continually 1o suthord. ties, will be annoying to some readers, but a couvenienc to othera, The added notes mud 1 Iustratifons at the end of each chapier furnish much valtable {nformation respectlng persons aml particular events which could not be well Incorporated into the text. We lind In the tutes and {llustrations at the closa of Clmpter XIV. a table of the Reformers that were burned during the reign of Queen Mary, from which it nppears that, within the four years of the rencwed as- cen of Romanisis under Mary, not less persons were executed for their Prot- cstant faith, nnd sixty-eizht punished in prison for the ssme offense, Amaong these sulferers were mauy of the most notahle ;‘mm und women of England, fincluding John Rogers, Bishop Huoper, Dr, Rowlund, und Bishops Farrar, Lati- wier, Ridley, and Cranmer, No wonder the bis- torian says that * the nation stoud aghast at these horrors.'! In the c]nulllfl art of the volume a very good outling of the History of the Eg!sununl “hurch fn the United States is added by Dr. Spencer. In his Inst chapter thie welter says thut the Epfs- capal Church In this country ** takes the rround that 1t is the American Branch of the * One Catholic and Apostolie Church® spoken of in the Niceno Creed”; that * it afms to be the Nu- tlonal Church of the United States'; and that *{t cannot consistently recogmize the validity of the conumlission of those who minister auong the grent_body of Protestant denominations, whether Presbyterfan or : Congregational,'t al- thouh ** it recognizes, it is true, the validily of 1lie Episcopate in the Roman Cathiolle Chureh," whilo *“repudiating the errors’’ of *that cor- rupt Churen.” This * Natlonal Church of the United States " cmbraces about 3,000 parishes and some 300,000 tn 850,000 communicants. The other denominntions, = exclusive of Romun ‘Catholie, embraco 4,000,000 to 6,000,000 of comn- nts. : Church History of:Dean Perry and Dr. Spencer i8 avolume of uLurly 00 pages, well *yratten up,” aud adapted.to Ue useful, (*F s tory of the Church of Englund from the Acces- swi of Honry VIIL to the Silencing of Convoca- tiou in the Eighiteenth Centur; With aSketeh of the Protestant Church in_1he United Stutes, By J. A 8peocer, 8, T, D, New York: Hnrrnr, 1879, Lp, 000. Sva. cloth, $250.) R W, P, BRILF NOTICES. “Vislons of the Futurc und Other Dis- courses,” by O. B, Frothiugham, have been col- leeted and printed in a volumie by G. £, Put- nam’s Sona. Prize, 81, “fhe Bargue Futurejor, Life in’ the Far iNorth,”" another of Jonns Lic's novels, trans- Jated by Mra, Ole Bull,. 18 now out, and ean be obtained of the publisherg 8. C. Griggs & Co,, Chicago. 4 “Father Tom nand tho'Fope "—that exceed- ingly clever gatire on Rompu Cathiolicisin by Juhin Fisher Murray—has:Lien raprinted fn pa- per covers by the Petersons, of Phlludelphla. Prive, b0 cents. At the Back of the Moon" s the title of a small volume of grotesque ballads in which the sensattous’ of n visitor Irem the moon to the earth aro described, Doston and Now Yorlk are spoken of under the hwerted names Notsob and Kroy Wen, and all the) popular nmnes nre treated fn the snme way, f)(Boston: Lee &Shop- ard. Price, 50 cents.) A Popular Trentise omw: the Currency Ques- tlou, Written from a Soutiiern Polnt of View,” by Robert W, ITugnes, Uniited States Judge for tlie Enstern District " of/Virginia, 1sa volume composed principally of coutributions to the Richmond State, " 'The mithor 18 n hurd-mone) maon, and favors the use of silver colna whicly shall be fncrensed fn welght to such a degree thut they shall exchangedollar for dollar with gold, Though wrong [u:this position, Judge Huglhies hos done good service to the causo of bonest money in_ the South, and tha publica- tlon of this book will be welcome to many reuders. Mr. Longfellow'a ¢ Poams of Places” hava now advanced to the twenty-third volume, which Is devoted to the Middle Btates of Amuer- fea. 'I'he fatnkllar poem, “ Woodman, Bparo thut Tree,"gds_“lovated " 1n this voluine at Bloom- fngduicd® N. Y.; but bovond this there sre no special revelations of local circumstances con- nected with the composition of any pooun, Moat of the poems ncluded tell thelr own story fn this respect, efther o their titles or In the body of the verse. The poems on New York ore per- hups the most curious of the collection. (Boa- ton: Houghton, Osguod & Co, Price, 81.) LITERARY NOTES. Mr, Browning hus fu the press u collection of short poems under the title of “Dramatic Tuytle, Some experiments at Neweastlo-on-Tyne ap- pear to bo quite couclusive that explosivus may be, and liave been, caused fn colllerles by the g~ nitlon of the fine purticles of floating voal-dust, Lady AvneBlunt, whose boak o * The Bedou- us of the Euphrates" Is claewhero reviewed, fs o granddsughiter of Lord Byron, belng n child of tho beloved Ado, ‘The book is edited by her husband, who wus ber compauion on the jour- noy. The remaining four partsof the “Flowers and Furns of the United States,” reviewed atilength in lost week’s 'I'RIBUSE, huve been recelved. ‘I'he serfes of this luvaluuble wark s now come W"tf' ‘The publlshers ore L. Prang & Co., oston. Wilkio Collins in a recent Ieiter to the pub- Jishers makes the following comment: **T sco I an Ameriean vowspaper that the Zulernationa {s now fsaucd monthly. This s fu my vplnjon o great ehange for the better. “The two mdnths interval waa too long. 1 don’t betieve thut our old quarterly reviews Lero ever Zet o new sub- seribery they languish rather than live, on clubs, Institutions, aud old subseribers, 1most slncerely hono Uit you wiil find the new form of 1ssuc remuncrative in the coinmerciat as well as the literary sense. Every ono who wishes well to the cause of literature must wish you suceess in the ereditablo und spirfted effort you are making.” As 18 well known, the Jate Mr, George Brinley, of Hariford, a natlys of Worcester, und a meiie ber of the American Antlyuarian Soclety of thus city, posscased a very raro winl valuable” Horary, 1t was his inteotion 1o havo mude Hbora! dona. tlons from ju to Hterary sociutics, sud a drate of 8 will for that purposs had been propered, but was niot uxecuted ut the tune of bils death, -~ Ilis lieirs, however, propose to carry out ils wishus, and the Anerican Autlquariun Society is to re- ceivo o credit of 5,000 ut the auction sale uf the lbrary, und will bo allowed to buy such vol- umes o8 may bo desired, to thut amount, with- out charge, It fa arranged that one-halt the amount i3 to be selected at the first sale, which {ncludes about 8,000 titles, and the remainder at a subsequout sale, It s understood that the Watkiosou Library at Hurtford und the Yale Collegs Library aro beueliciaries fu the samns wanuer, the whole sum thus bestowed to va- 625,000, —Loaton rious libraries sgaregating Journal, It {s not often that women nowadays, of any nation, commit fndecoruius, much less fudeceri- cles, {u Nterature. Women of miud andeulture euough to write well would usually have retined uwnf' lui’sflmh tendency, even If thvy Ladft orig- foally. But in France thera huvo becs, snd are uow, femintae authors who.love to yiolats the proprieties, to shock thye scusibllitics, ln print, with 8 perversity not cxplicable by lug; ordinar; koowleage men have of thosex, Mme. Su- vogne—her pseudonyny {s Mare de Mootifadt— I8 oue of these anomalous futellectual belngs, Bl 18 reurescuted as baudsoine, elegaut, Los- sessed of unquestionablu talents; sho fs s wife und mother, and in_all soctal nnd domestic reln- tlons frreproachable, But ahe has never published a novel without belnz sun imoned before the Parls Courts for “outrag- gz public decency.” 8he has agaln and agaln been tiued and imprisoned, Lhough she does not mend her literary morals a whit, They seem to tleterlorate. 8ha nppeara to take dellght in vrinted leentiousness. Iler last story, ** Mme, l)ucrou{," is dectdedly her worst, It has cost hier 500 francs fine and four months' Imprison- ment; hiee publisher has been similarly pun- Istied, nnd orderesd to destrov the whole editlon, Even such journals as the Gaulols and the Hugaro—certainly not squeatnlsh—speak of “Mme. Ducrolsy? ‘in unsparing terins, and other papers denounco t =g thoroughly coarse and deliherately obscene. Mme. Quivoxne must really deltght 1o hee shanoful notorléty; but her excnse is that shia Is an artist, and that art must deal with life and nature as they oxlst.— New York Tunes, A vorrespondent of Noles and Queries writes ns follows: “ [u the tLife of the Rtev. F. Hodg- son.! Intely lmhlhhml Ly Maemillon & Co.. the fullowlnz lines are qaoted (Vol. 2, p. 160) a8 Lordt Byron's on the Hivle: Within this awfnl volama Hes he mystery of mysteries. Oh! happiest tney of human race, To whum our Goil has given grace To hiear, to read, ta fear, to pray, 4 To 15t the latch and forcs the war; But better ud they ne'er been burn, Wo read 1o donbt, or read to acorn. But the same lines (with one or two trifling va- rlations) are put into the mouth of the White Lady of Avenel in the * Monastary,’ and applied to the mysterious volume Iying in the super- natural flre; nor Is any hint given that the yerses are ot the composition of the author of the story. Is it certaln thiat Byron wrote them? ‘They are not (ns Mr. llodgsun, Jr., adinits) pub- lahed with his works. Byron died in 1324, What 4 the date of the * Monastery ' Mr. Anthouy Trollope has consented to con- tribute a study of Thackeray to the ** Men of Letters™ serles which Mr, Jobn Morlev is edit- Ing for Meeses, Macmibtloa., ‘The. omissfon of ‘Thatkerav’s uamne from the ist of aunounce. ments has been remarked, but was a mysters to Lobedy who kuew the rcluctunce which his family buve to the writhyzol the great novellst’s e, . . . Dickens has been futrusied to Mr. Thomas Hughes, who has been tor somo time at work on u subject which lie is singularly competent to treat, buth on its literary und social sldes. Novellst as Dickens was, [t may be doubted whather his place in literary Wistory will mot be lareely influenced hereafter by the view posterity shall take of his opinlons touch- ingz gacfal nbises, und the means lie employed to maire des Arts du Desscin, By Kal cwell Doggett, with the original {liustrations. Third cdition. Price, 83, Chicago: 8. C, Urigas & Co. Tae LiegorJ. M. W. Tunsen, R. A, By Philio Glibert flamerton. With nine etchings after the painter's sketches, and four tvood- cuts, sr‘unra 12mo,, unlfortn with ** The Intel- lectual Life," cte, Price, $2.60. Boiton: Roberte Brothers, PriiLosopny, HISTORICAT, AND CRITICAL. By Andro Lefevre, Translated, with an introiluc. tlon, by A, H. Keane, B. A. Being the Fifth Yolume of the " Library of Contemporar Selence” Crown 8vo., cxtra cloth, $1.75, Phila- delphia:J. B. Lippincott & Co. SPARKS -OF SCIENCE. BIRD ARRIVALS. The arrivals of birds on Saturday, March 8, a8 regards nutnbors of species, (s unosralleled in the swholc course of the writer's observatfon The diffcrent specles that usually delay their migration until the moro bold ones have ex- plored the way simultancously appeared on this day In large flocka which scemed to spread over o great extent of territory, During the eve preceding the dny In question a change was noled In the stmosphere, and on toward midnight a hot current ot alr came on from the Gulf, bringing with it the migratory specics, sa that long before morning the sir was filled with feathered songsters whose cries and chirrups swoko the naturallst sleoper. The coming of this Guif current of hot ale In every Instance noted seems to bo the slgnal for the migrations of the bolder tribes. Meteorology has an fntrl- cate connection with bird arrivals which the sci- entist has yet fajled to deveiop. The tempera- ture for Friday was 61 dee, at New Orleans, 07 at Memphis, 88 at Calro, 42 at Chicago, aud 40 at Milwaukee, shotring that the “hot current was really a great wave on Its wav to the pole. For several days previous, as a precursor to it, was noted fmmense tlocks of Arctlc birds far up in the alr, at the limlt of eyesizht, hastening to their Northern breeding “erounds, Up to clns:!ng of March 8 the followlny species bad ar- rived: Red Winged Black Bird—Ageleus Phonlceus. Crow Black Bird—Quiscalus Purpurens, Cow inck Hird—Molothrus Pecorls, Yeliow Headed Black Bird—Xauthocephalns Teterocephaina. Fox Spatrow--Passerella Illaca, Giross Sparrow—Puocates Gramtnous, remedy thew, No man can do himn Justive who deuls only with bis Hterary merits, But Mr, Hughes has an cqually distinguished place in liternture, and in o cluss of cconomtical questions which hold the closest relation to sume of the most vital roclal provlems of the doy.—London Correspondence New York Qribune. Mr. 8malley writes from London to the New York Tribune thut the sale of Stanley's “'Through the Dark Contineni™ was extraor- Chipping Sparrow—Splzella Soctulls, Lowy Sparruw—Melospiza Melodia, Fleld Sparrow—Splzella Posiila. White ~ Crowned Sparrow—Zonotrichla Len. caphrre, ilue DHrds~Bialia Sialis, Kobina—Turdus Migratorlus, Yellow Bellied Wood Pecker—Sphyraplcus Variue. Plhabe—Sarornts Fasens, Clerry Bird— Amipelis Codornm, dinary, **The book, it Is true, Is still In its first edltion, but what au editionl It consisted of 0,000 coples, 'The whole of the 6,000 coples have been suld by the publishers, Mcssrs. Sainp- aon, Low & Co., and a second edltion of 1,000 is now bueing *subscribed,’ The book was fasued at two guloena (810), a price at which few pub- lishers would ~venture on printing 6,000 coples, or bulf thut number. But Messrs. Snmp- son, Low & Co. showed buth enterorise and rzood judzment fn this case, as they did fn M, Eugeue Schuyler’s *Turkestan’; ‘nlso a two- rujuea book, and now fnits fth edition, 1 hear thut they paid Mr. Stanley §30,000. The nearest appronch I know of to tfhat s the 825,- 000 which Measra, Macmitlan & Co, handed over to Sir Samuel Baker for his * Lsmnailia,’ which proved, I fcar, o Juss successful epeculation. Sir Samuel Baker's popularity was ihen on the wane: Mr. Stauley’s was at its bight when ho came back from his last African journey, snd for mouths he was oue of the lions “of London, the guest of the Geographical Boclety, and the hero of couatless controversies.” PERIODICAL LITERATURE. The second nuinber of Index Medicus, **n monthly cluss!fied record of the current medical literature of the world,” has been received. F. Leypoldt, 87 Park Row, New York, {8 the pub- lisher, The JAfagazine of American Ristory for March has articles on the following subjects: ‘““I'he Constitutional Development of the History of New York,” by 8. -N. Doxter North; * 8panish-American Documents," by J. Carson Drevoort; Chmmnplaln's Astrolabe, ~by- O. 1I. Murghall; “Diary of Commodore Ed- ward Preble Before Tripoli, 1804"; translations of documcents relating to Americus Vespuclus, Rose-Die'ford's Western Mugazine for March (230 LaSalle street, Chicazo) has the following table of contents: * Netson at Quebee,” Dr. Henry H. Miles; *“The Fallen Leaves," Wilkle Collins; “Forms aud Uenges,” J. (. Bourlno! “Chatles Heavysege,” John Heades “An ceape from Siberls,’ 1. Marven; “Three Sor nets,” J. L. Stewart; “The Counfederation of Caunda with Britaln in Reiat{on to the Canada Pacifie Rallway,” Jawmes Whitman, B, A.; » My Princess,” I, L. 8pencer: “ Under One Roof,” James Payn; A Peacock,” Edesr Faweett: “Wealth und Ita Uses,” the Rev, W, U, Mellen; “The Mouks of Thelema,” Walter Besant and James Klce; * Papers by a Bystund- er'" (No. 8), A Bystander (Goldwln SBmlith). Jacmillan’s Magazine for March has the fol- luwlnF tuble of contents: “The Afghan_ Ques- tion,” by R. E.; “Haworth's,” Ly Frances llodeson Burnett; “iluberdashers’ Hall,”? by the Hon, Mrs. Ridding; * Sketcues from East- ern 8ivlly”* (111, Catsnla), by Edward A, Free- man, 1. C. L., D.j S Prot, Mahafly on the Aze of Homer” A, Paleys “ The Progress of Greaee," by Prof. Jebb; Charles Lump— Flve New Auncedotes,” by Aleernon Black; “A Donbting Heart,” by "Miss Keary gChlph:r XXL)3 **To ‘Theocritus, In Winter,” by A, Langs “Burns' Unpublished Common-Place Bouk,” by William Jack; * Notes on 8helley’s Birthiplace,” by W. llala White; “Can_Reci- procity Help Us?? by A. J. Wilson (No. I1,). The March number of the Priuceton Jteview Tas the followlng table of cantents: »Relirion and the State,’ !glho late Prol ylor Luwis, LL, D., L. 1L D, Unlon Colleze The Gieneats wndd Migrations of Plants," by Principal Dawson, F. R 8, D, C. L., Montreal; “Tho tulpit uul Topular Skeoticlsm,” by the Rev. Phillips Brouke, 1), D., Bostoni *8entimental amd Practical Dolitics by Edward A, Freeman, D, C. L., LL. D., England; **Thicrs," vy B do Preasense, formerly Memuver Natiosal Assem- bly, France; * Flnal Cause: M. danct und Prof, Newcomb,? by President MeCosh, D, D, L. D, Princcton College; *Continenta! Painting at_Paris sn 1878," by Philip Gilbert Hamerton, France; * Premillenurlanism,™ by, tho Ttov. It M. Patierson, 1. D., Pufladelphln s “The lslands of the Pacifie,’” Ly Bir Julius Yogel, K. C. M. U,y New Zealand. The International Jeview this month posscs under the chartre of its new editors, and shuws ut_once o decided lmprovewent, The eritical natices, which are more cspeciully the work of the new editors, are written with n fres and slashing land, nnd will bo rellshed on that ne- count, ‘The leadlng articlo 14 **The Adminis- tration and Civil-Service Reform,” by Edward Cory, une of the editors of the New York Zones, who unaturally has littlo to ray in favor of the Administration. ‘Pl otbier articles are: " Bleep and Dreams, by Prof. N, 8. Shaler, of Came bridee; “The Currency and the Natlonal Banks,” by George Walker, Vice-President New Yurk Gold and Stock Telegraph Company; he Present Condition of tho United btates Novy,” (L);. *A Forgotten English Poct)” by Sldney Lunlery “*Seif-Goverument in the Terrl- tories,” by Declus 8, Wade, Chlef-Justive of Muontana; ¥ The Silver Conierence and the Stl- ver Question,” by Simou Newcomb, Unfted Btates Nuval Observatory. BOOKS RECEIVED, Bociery 7un REDEEMED Foum or Man, By 1L James, Svo. Price, 83, Boaton: Houghton, Qigood & Co, Exatssu Soxas Prox Foneian Tonauns, Dy Frederick W, Ricord, 33, Now York: Clurics Beribuer's Bous, Lonp SBTRANAN, A noval, By Mrs, Wildrick. 12m0,, extra cloth, 8125, Philadotphia: o, B, Lipplncott & Co. Movikkg. By Mrs, Oliphant and F. Tarver, AL A, 1Umo, fine cloth, $1. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippiacott & Co. Bix Gumir, By George Macdonald, Svo,, ex- tra cloth, $1.25; puper cover, 75 ceots, Phila- delphla: J, B. Lipolucott & Co. Housn's Opyesevy Doxs INTO ENoLisu . By 8. A, Butcher und A, Lang. Bvo. E‘Jffl.‘ 2,50, 310 paes. Now York: Socuillany 1670, Tur QaMaxexrss AT Hoxg; Or, Sketches of Nutural Mistory, Posching, und Rural Life, ‘Third valtion, Crowa 8va., cluth, Frice, $1.60. Boatou: Roberts Brothers, AMERICAN ALMANAG AND TREASURY OF Favrs, BTATISTICAL, FINANCIAL, aND PoLiTic- AL, YOR Ty YEAR 1873, Edited by Atnsworth R. 8potford, 420 vages, 12mo0., clath, $1.50, New York; Awerican News Company, 1870, TuE (RAMMAR OF PAINTING AND ENGRAVING, Tranalated from e Freuch of Bluuc's ** Ursm- Tassenger Plgeon—Ectoplaten Migratorins. Mendow Lark--Sturnella Mag Killdeer—.Eginlitin Vociferus, Golden Plover—Chradrius Fulvaos, ‘The following winter species were relnforced by nunierous members of thelr own kind, which camne I strageling flocks: Black Swan Bird-~Junco Jlyamalis, Shore Lark—Ecemophiln Alpestrie. American Nuthotch—~Sitta Carolinensls. Blue Jay—Csauura Cristata, Crow—Corvus Americanus, Herrlng Gull-Larus Argentatus, The 1ollowing Arctic American birds were noted rapidly migrating northwest, moving at hich_altitudes and recogoized olten by “their peeuliar eblrp, or, when scen, by their specific methods of flight or otherwise: Enow Buating—Plectrophanes Nivalis. Lapland Longspur—Plectrophanes Laponlcns. Loreer ed Poll—Zylothus Linarin, E.\muly. Red Poll—agivthus Linarla, varlety xilipes, l'ln‘; GUrosbeck~Pinicola Enucleator, Great flocks of ducks were seen flylng in all divections, fn such bich altitudes or ot such distances, lowever, as to e unrecogafzable. Numerous huwks of various species were uoted in the wooded districts ab great bights, often in flocks, wheeling, elreling, or gyrating in a man- ner Iwm\:h remnded one of au immense whirl- ool "Theexceeding larze numberof specles arriving on one day i3 u henomenon for the native consid- cration. Seldam more than fourspecies vesture nortt. on the samg day, und thess of the most hardy natures. The four, which are the olue- IArds, roblus, tras finches, gnd meadow larks, are always scen on the sume day, and usually precede the others mentioned by weveral days, a week, or & mouth. . Althouzh thoru was an early. spring last scason, the birds were ten days carller ju their arrivals, the earllest being of the vlue-birds on Feb, 27, “I'ke arrivals this yeararo nlso twelve days carller than those of two years previous, b Owing to the severity of the weather for the past winter, the Cuileago market—which la usu- allv represented by a large nnber of specles durlng the winter—was limited toa amall pro- vortion, * Those found thure, bowever, were. in cxcess of the demund, 80 thut quails were often suld by the bushel, . [Observations taken at the Northwestern University, representing also o radlus twelye miles arouna Chicagzo, the mouth of the Calumet River, the ridges, woodlunds, and watered oreas in vicinlty of the University.) Thermometer at Evauston at noun, 702 £, YW H, B, PROTECTION OF IRON SURFACES I'ROM RUST. ¥ Popultar Science Monihly, We bave already brietly described Prof. Barfl’s method of rendering the surface ot fron unoxe idizable, yet, by way of fntroduciug some re- marks on the results of the process published in the Lancel, we mny repeat that it conslsts merely fn Bubjecting the iron to the action of superheated steam,—stesm having o temper- sturd of 1500 degz, Falir. This steam {s geuerated Iu an upright boller, oud {s then conducted through the “superheater,' which imparts to it the necessary temperature. The fron artlcles to be acted on are placed fn o chamber bulit of fire-clay, und the steatn belng ndmitted to it a coatlug ot magnotie, or black, vxide of iron {8 produced ou the surface, And now Jfor the result. ‘The article has o dull-black ap- ‘pearance, nud s susceptible of a high degree of polleh, The surlnce coating is absolutely ad- ierent, and 15 8o hard that {t Is not removable by ordluary methods, for fustance, nn iron rasp has o etfcet an it eid the same 13 to bo sald of ull the agents which under ordinary condittons oxidize fron. Salt or fresh wator, vegotable aclds, and cven the London atinosphere, are unavle to produce the slightest tornish. Iron vessels which have contalned water for weeks are entirely free from rust, Iron viping sud arnatnental castings, which have for mwonths luln among the wet leaves In the garden outslde Prof. Dartl's laboratory, aro unchunged. The cost uf the process 18 ul(llnl.'. less thon that of “galvanizing.” Thé sanitary anil domestic uscs of fron thus prepared Oro DUMErOUA, 08 fur woter-pipes and clsterus, and for cooking apparatus, ARTIFICIAL DTAMONDS, Tupulur Seience Munthiy. In examinlng the pupersof thelr deceased father, J. N. Gounal, Messrs, A. and F. Gounal found ono which purported to be acopy of a memolr presented by Ilin to the Parls Acadeny ot Selences {n 1823, und which gave an account of a proccas for the artilielal production of dia- monds, The Academy almply buried the com- munlcation n {ts‘archives, und never mentioned 1t in any way, The substance of this document 1s now published in * Le Monde do Belence do. PIndustrie,’ from which we take the following particulars: Equal welghts of carbon sulphiac und of phusphorus, both as pure as possible, arv put in a fask, and u little water addea, which floats on the top und prevents the sulphide from turning to vapor und from taking tre. The wlmmhuvlu‘; Leen pluced fn sotno sltuation where It will not be disturbed, the sulpbur of thu sulhides combfues with the phosphorus and relcusey the carbon, which falls to the bottom amd ussumes o ceystalline form, This result tukes place slowly, nud not thlutter the lapse of slx tontus was M, Gaunal able to obtain dia- monds the size of o grain of millet-seed. As for the purlty of these aull dismonds it was proyed by the strictest tests, and that not onl by M, Guunal but also by othera, The experl- ment was repeated sovernd times o the course of mauvy yeurs by M, Gaunal, sl always with the sameresult, ‘The yrtificlal diamonds cone alst of pure carbon fn’ dodceahedrul crystals, aud they serateh steel like the naturul dismond. ABOUT BEE-STINGS, Londan Nature, Can auy of your reuders inform me wby the working hoooy-beo hos such an fmverfect weapou of defense 2 fta sting wnanifestly (sl For purpases of scl®defonss it {s apparently worso than uacless, for In nearly every case, almost without exception, the bee lays down ita life with the sting. Tho possession of a stivg, therefore, only leads to its own destruction in- stead of to its presorvation, so farss the jodi- vidusl beo 1s concerued, No doubt the hive geverally galus au advantage from il Its native wembers having stings, und so indirectly do Iu- dividual bees, trom the fuct that the wellarg of | ~T'om lood. the hive, speaking generally, means tha welfare of tho (ndividuals that compose it. Directly, however, the possessfon of a sting can only ben - disadvantago to the Individual bee, unless thero are certain cnemlfes from which ULees after fofiicting & wound can withdraw thelr stings and escane with life, This, so far_ a8 my observatlon goes, appears to bo very un- lkely, and thereforo no beo can have nay . knowledge from experience of what a weapon of offeneo he possessca, for ie has never used it, nor can ho have any knowledgo from'expert- cucee of the consequence of using it, All smaller pests becs attack with their jaws. Is it poasible, tnen, that they ara so ntelligent as to be well awareof the power for mischief " to themAelyes s well as to others which they carry about witl - them, ond that it 1s only when they nltogether | lose control over themselves, clther througlh *, severe pain or through terror lest thelr queen should bs injured, that they sign their own death-warrants on our hands and faces? v the death of a few worker-bees a hive suffers very little loas, perhaps none at all; yet it may lavo Fnhmfl much in the shape of sccurity from mo- estation. Ara - hecs so Intelligent 8s Lo know this fact, nnd communlcate it from ono to an- other, or can thelr conduct be oxplalned on tho lower ground of fnstinct ! It scems that an interesting point s here ralsed, which perhaps has heen fully dlscussed clsewhere without my knowlecgo of {t. Is the fact that the sting of the worker-bee {s an {m- perfect weapon of defense o result of ita having nothing to do with the propagation of its spe- clee, this belng left to the stingless queen and droneat Conacquently any tendency to develop o more offective stitg 10 one generation. of worker-bees has no heredlitary efTect on stice ceeding eenerations, nor apparcutlv have the worker-bees any Influence whatever on the worker-becs that ced then except by the way {n which they feed and educate them, un- less [ndeed they can linpress ther tendencies on the drones or on the future queen before she leaves the bhive. If they have no such power ft scems llkely that they will always bave to lament the use of a weapon which nature might have made as effective ns a sting ot a wasp. ' Finatly, are therc nny other Inscets (n the samo . predicainent as workes-bees, |, ¢., unable to uso heir weapons of defense without doing them- selves more (njury than they inflict on their ade versarics, aud unable-to help their successors by :huumr'lmmlan of n continually sccumulating nstiocl * TO THE NORTII POLE BY BALLOON. Commamder Cheyne, of the DBritlsh Royal' Navy, s making efforts to get up an expedition to reach the North Pulo by means of balloons. He 1s un experlenced Arctic navigator, baving aerved under Sir Jomes Ross, nnd has sccured the services of Capt. Templar, a well-known acronsut, Commander Clicync belleves that the Gulf Stream sweeps round the polar basin, and returns by the northand east of Greenland as a great body of cold water, He proposcs to utilize this current in the followlng manner: ‘The ship would proceed up Davls’ Stralt and Baflin's Bay; then, turning to the west, wonla steam up Laocaster Sound and Queen's Chan- nel to the furthest explored polot, Nbe would next take a north-northweste erly direction until the set of the currcut was felt, when her course would be altered to due north. In any casc,sbo would push on through every available opening fn the feo uotil her advance was definitely arrested by the ad- vent of winter. In addition to the usnal cquin- ment of sledgres, etc., the vessel would carry several balloons, each one capable of lifting about & ton welght in addition to the men. ‘When the sbip becamo beset n the pack, three © balloons would be {nflated and jolnea togather by means of threc light spars sixty fect long. Thus a triangte would be formed, with o balloon at cach nowie,—the whiole together represente ing a )ifting power of ebout three tons. This power would bo emnployed In carrving the boat-cars, elcdues, provisions, tents, ballast, etc. Commaoder Cheyno pro-. poses during the winter to establish tiwu observatories about thirty miles apart, with the ship as a centre, 8o that by the end of Mav the balloons may start upon a curve already pscertained with tolerable accuracy., Bv this means, the distance of the vessel from the Polo . nud Lhe eourse to be followed buing Knowu, the teavelers would be enabled to drop within ten or twenty miles of thelr deatioatlon. Wirs trail-ropes would be used for preserving an equal oltitude above the fre. When It was necessary to descend, the gas would be vre- served by recompressing {t, by mechanteal means, ioto the receivers, there to be held in readiness for future use. If the journey should have been successfu) and the winds favorabls, © the return trip would - at once be made; tho balloons hullui arrested on the paratlel of loti- wude upon which the ship was left fee-blocked, I'he commandlug offleer In charge would send out sledge parties dallv: to neet the balloons, and give whatever nssistance might bs required, On the breaking up of the Iee the - ship would leave her winter quarters und push round the nortiern extremity of Greenland. A second winter would here bao pasved, the tima bejug spent In maklnyg o survey of the const and * other sclentific observations.” During the fole lowing sumwer, afded by the natural drift of the fee, the vessel would stcam through cvers onenfug, and return home between the contl- nent of Greenland und Spitzberzen, 8hould no favorable wind arise, however, to carry himn back from the Pole to his ship, Commander Cheyne - intonds contiuuing s acriul journey, and trusta to good fortune to drop In Itussia wherever fu- nubitunts are to bo seen, THE INDIAN AND THE ARMY. Gen. Shermnn to Mr, Heechor=Ile Wonld QGlve Yvery Denomination u Fuir Chanco if the Army Hud tho Custody of tho In. dinne eartstian Unton, Mancit 8, 1870, —Uenry Ward Beecher, Chris- tian Union, New York—Dran Sin: f find amongz the accumulated letters of my absence your favor of Jun. 24, indorsed by my Alde as an- . swered, but I suppbso you prefer ao nuswer from the * party of the first part,” I auswer cmphatically that If the army hed the Jegal custody of tho fudians, o8 loow as [ occupy the post of Commauder-in-Chiet avery relicious deuomination professing *Peace on earth and good will*" should have a fafr chones to establish schools, churches, nnd charitable sacicties nmonr each and all the tribes, Opposition, diversity, snd rlvairy among churches, as among merchants, stimulate actly- fty. Now each trlbo or subdivislon of a tribe is let out to some sepecial denoml- nation, which bas o monopoly of the business. The result fs, Protestant In- dians are fu the spintual custody of Catholle priests, sud_vice versa. Catbolle In- dluns, such as the Flatheads, Ceeara d'Alencs, Bpokans, ete., who bolleve u Father de Bmet, ara turned over body and soul to tie Methodists ar Eplscopalians cxclusively, In n business genae this is not falr or bonest. But our Chrls- tlan friends ralse the ery thut soldiers are mun without religlon, und ticrefora incompetent to judge of such watters, This may bu 8o, but wo noldlers poilut back to a lundred years of listo- ry, und sk a compargson of results with the goif-professcd Christtans, . Porsonalty nnd oflicially I will encourage any- thing thut will canyurt thic wild Indian fyom the bold warrlor (whom wo cansot hely adinlre) to the obedient citizen with some Christian vir- tues suneradidod—by thoss Methodist, Eplsco- palian, Quaker, or Cathollc, 1¢ I cau add more I will gladly do so, ot somno moment of tine whon 1 have more lefsure. As aver your friend, W, T, BUERMAN, BLANK VERSE IN RHYME. Even s come, and from the dark park, harx, I'he signul of the wettini sun—one gunt And six lv sounding trom the chling, prime time ‘To go anu veo tho Drury Lane Daue stain— Or tiear Othetlu's jealous doubt spout out— Or Macbeth ravini at that ahadu-made bladi Dunylng to his fruntic clutch much touch: {lu 10 weo Ducrow with wide stride rige Four hotsvs 88 uo 0lLer INan can ¥Dan; Or in the small Olywolc pit, ait, split Laughing at Liston, while you quia is phiz, Anon“ulgm comes, sud with her winge uringe h1Ig k uge Such as, :llh hie poellc topguo, Young sung; The p-blazes with it bright white lleht, nen prowl, howl, geowl, - te, and take up Pall-dall sal, ug (0 ber uightly juba, robs fobe, mash, crash, creopt ‘Who, hasts Now thieves to enter for your cdal Past drowsy Olarley, Iu a’decn A e SIS Wi tone, *+No got nd wi y're A ¥ Nowpusy, while folke aro Jn. taaié beds, treads eads, And sloopers waking grumblo ¢ drat thal cat Who in (Le wutter catter-wauls, Sowme fellue fue, who screaus hau, of ¥ pr aud whi 'y Fiow -3 poor ] » ot gore r Charles, or Billy, willy n\ll{ 2 Hut nursemsid (n a pightmare rest, choal g‘rcu g,° Dreawetlh of oue of her old Uames, Junce Ganiva, And that sho bears—what falth is’ mau'sl—Asn's Jann's Avd i, from Reveroud Mr. Rice, twico, theley; . While ribbons fourish and a styut shout vut, Fuat upvmlsl goes, #hows ose kuuws tbusy bowa' wucs