Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 3, 1879, Page 11

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNI: IRIDAY, JANUARY 3, B79—-TWELVE PAGE& (tor snch ha atil wan), the father of the Amer- | employed in one of my farcwell specches tomy | foture. *Our helm,! e #ays, s riven up to cau Commonwealth, Kinid American honts]” In that memorable hone | & better hand than our own.” Our littlo wherr There is et one fourth gronp of evonts which | —memorabla in the life of every onc as the mo- {a taken fn tow by the ship of the Great Admi- makes us fecl that cven now In thetime in which | mert when he first sres the Pyramids of Egynt | ral, which knows its way, and has the force to wao Jlive Ameries helongato thosc old days of Eu- | or the Alns of Switzerland—when 1firat stood | draw men, and States, and K‘“"““ to thelr ronean nations when soclety was not yet welded | before the Cataracta of Ningary, it scemed to onl. Buch and so putent is this high method Togother whom the war ol York and Laneastor, | me that the sceno which T witnersed was not an | by which the Divine Providence vells the chlef- or the wara of smwell and Charles tho Firat, | nnapt likencss of the fortunes of Awmcrien. It | est benefita under the mask of calamities, that wers atil] possible. [ fofer to the only | was midnight; the moon was full, and Traw | we shall not by sny perverse ingenuity prevent elyll wir of recont times,—nerhups the greatest | from the vast bridge which epans the river the | the hicasing.*! olvil war of all times—the War between the | ceaceless contortion, confusfon, whirl and chaos In like manner it was one of themost atrik. Northern and the Bouthern States ten years | which burst forth in clouds of fosm from that features of that hanquet at Salem, of which 30 But this i3 too close to our daya for s to | eentral chnsm which dlvides the Amerfcan rpoke at the beginniog of thin sddress, to heat safely touch upon; the amolderinic sshes of | from the British Dominfon, and as I Tooked cn the fmpassioned recitation of a vigorous ode by e e ean no sutlace. 1 | that ever-changing movement, and Katened to | 8 gilted ‘sculptor and poet, & nativn of that o but glance at It and move onwan that everlasling roar, it seemed an emblem of | American village, but well-known in this coun- have sall of the history, so to ibe fermenting, Derv‘exed, bewildering sctivity, | try and In Europe, wha spoke to bjs connteymen Amerlea at onen flludtrates and the ccaseless, reatiees, beating whirlpool of ex- | words of terribie remonstrance, which were re- teated by some of the chiel istence in the Unue-l Btates, Buv into the | ceived, not with reprobation and aversfon, but teristics of the present conditlun of tha | moonlight sky there rose a cloud of spray twice | with slanificaut and universal spplause. Ile e a0 e o Eettations of | &% bigh a8 ihe Falls themaclven—sient, ma- | evidently hul In his mind that sbstraction of the the future. Look, for example, at the extraor ]e-u(; Immovable. ‘hat siiver coluwn, glitter- | higher onder of charactera from public afalrs dinary munificence sown in smultiplication of | ing In the moonlight, scemed an image of the | which, thongh happily not yet scen amongat inetitutions emanating tn a large degree from | future of American history,—of the upward, the plety and liberality of indiviuual fonnders | heaven-aspiring deatiny which should emerge and benefactors, Thu very phraso which I | from the disteactions of the present. leume usa recallathe medieval beneficence out of which | exulaln ina few words wherein that plilar of nrnun 80ina of the chiof educational Institu- | light hias 2 historical substance in fact, which tions of our own country. | do not kay that | may lead ua to hope that it will not vanishaway this munificence has dled ont of the nineteenth | with the morning light, but may continue to century at home or fn the older countries. | euide the coming times of the United Statee. In one branch—that of public libraries for And for this pnrpore I select three points, general use, which Is theetilef glory of the maod- drawn from the history of the past, which con- ern institutions of the Uniied Stotes, as it duce to confidence, which, it not withont most total abstinence I8 tho chief reproach to | *trembling,”” still *‘rejolces’’ always, aod on the metropolis of London—in the.e public 1f- | which I venture to insist because they bear Uraries I nnderstand that at teast in Birmin oractically on sn educational nstitution Ilke ham a near -%vronch has been mada to the gen- | this. First, therc Is the marked pecullarity ap- crosity, whether of t«rgflmflum or individuals, | parent almoat from the first, the singular buoy- m the United States, Btill the fresdom, almost | ancy and elasticity both ot the national anl ine the reckleasness, with which these benefactions | dividual character, 1t may be tho product of are lavished bevond the Atlantic bears upon its | the brilliant, exuilarating, Invigorating climate; face the characteristic of an older age reappear- | {t may be the accompaniment of the vast horl- {nz amidst our modern civilizationas the grante | zon opened by their boundless territorys it may boulder of sonte._ earlice formation. For the | be partly the youth of the Nation, on which T Jikenesses in our English bistory to John Har. | have so much ‘enlarged in this sddress; but ita vard, to the ten worthy fathersof Yale, toJohna | oxiaience is unquestionable. If at times there lopkins, aud Astor, and Johin Pcabody, and 1s something alinost of lovity in the readiness Peter Cooper, we must look to our W}Iu: ams, | With which misfortunes "are thrown off our Waynfletes, our Wolscys, at Oxford, and | and life. begun over agalni It st times those whose names are Immortalized fn (iray's | the mora sober part of the Natlon Is splendid *Qde on the Benofactors of Cam. | depressed by the scnse of tho “difliculties bridge." which they havo to encounter; yet, on tlu whole, this spring of vitality, i turned to good account, must pe of incalculable value fo this wurking world, where ths |magination still plays so larze s part, and where so much fsgiven 1o confldence of victory, even more than to vie- tory itself, If percuaiice the United Btateshave tod muck: of it, we, it may be, have too little; and this confidence of Amerfcans in their own political, ceclesiostieal, and social sysiem, Is & waruing to us to rise abuve those dofeful lamen- tations with which in these dava we often hear citizens, and churchmen, and Christiana of En- glsna despalr of our country, our Chureh, and our relgl Becondly, there are the clements of that character which they possess in common with the English race, with which their past history ahows it to be in so manyrespecia ideot~ feal, 1n spite of some dark and sinister features {n both countrics, there §son thewlole thesame keen nrprednl.lon of the delights of pure domestic Jife. Jumplte of the lawlessness which is per- haps the luovitableoutburstof theevanescence of communities not yet fully organized, there is on the whole in the mass of the people somotbing of the same aclf-control and contmon sense, and love ot freedom, and obodlence to law on which wo prido ourseives, and which we aro glad to recornize ln vur descendants, And these pointa of contact between the Mother Country and tha Daughter Niates not only ars themselyes en- couraglng, but they derlve additional foree from the guarautee which they give that the union Letween the two, though severed by the revolu- tion of the Jast century, s in the easentlal ele- ments of character and soctal sympathy yet un- Lroken. We no doubt may have much to learn from America; but If this closeness of sympa- thy and Lomogeneousnes of race i4 atill ‘main- tained, they will alwayshave something to learn from us, and will, we trust, be not unwilling 1o receive it It I8 8 solemn responsibility which thls recollection of American listory fmpresscs upon us, that ns we wero their fathers, so, in large measure, we are respousible for them,—our childreni ve- sponsibio beeanse they sprang from us, but yet more responsible because onr good or evil actlons still produce a direct frupressionon thelr susceptible minds, Commercial - dishunesty, Dblind political partisanship, demngogic atrata- rems, trivolous luxury in Eneglish soclety, are & strong Incentive to any lika vices which ‘appear in the kindred stock; and on the other hand, cvory attempt on our part to malntain refine- nent of manners, tratLful deading, a policy that does not tend to popular fashion, aimplicity, and self-control in social life, act and have acted with immense force {n Pmmullur thelikavirines beyond the Atlantic. 1t Is the splrit of the British Constitutlon,"” says Burke, **which, in- fused through tho inighty mass of the English sottiements, peryades, fecds, unltes, invigorates every part, even down (o the minutest.” Our kiosmen beyond the sea may be flattered for the moment by being told that they are a nation strunger and greater than we. But they have too tnuch seose, they know our joiut history tdo well, to ropudiste or disparage thelr English parentage and thelr anclent Lote. TUN INFLURNCE OF LITERATURR. Thirdly—\Vith them, a3 with us, in_spite of the overwhelming forces of uncducated or Lolf- Hennlehire, In the City of fondon. *ilcre,'" such was his_enitaph, **ho lles conruered who connuered all.” ‘Tirn to another groun. Can any one stand an tho hill nbuve the Bay of Plymoith, fn New England, nnd see without a yoarning as toward the cradle of n sacred Siate the Mavtiower wind- ing her difficult way from promontory to prom- ontary, from island §to lsland, thlat last the Mttle vrew deacent upon the one anlitary rock on that level shiore,—tha rock of which the re- malns are still visited by hundreds of vfigrims from every part of North Americal s At mot truly a reconl of the heroic age when we read the narrative of tho wi ing-away, in thot cold December seaton, of onc-half of the little rolony, the other hiding their dead under nameleas graves, lost the neighboring Indians should perceivo tho diminishing strengthof these peaceful invaders; and then the stern determination with which they watched the vessel, after five months, ro- turnon ita homeward voyage, without one sin- glo coloniat of the remnant that was icft aban- doning the cause for which they came, and re- tracing thelr steps to comfort and plenty? What. a dramatic elrcle {s that which contains the stern (en. Brodford, the Yorkshire soldier of fortnne, doubtfnl Partan, and doubttul Catho- +llc, Miles Standish: the firat child born on the Atlantic, Occanus tfopkina; the first child born {u New Enghund, Peregrine White. Or, ogain, look at that singular, eccentric enthnsiast, Kog- er Willlams, who found the bonds which the new colony endeavored ta lay upon him not less odious than those which caused those colonists themselves to leave their native country, and himself wandering over wooded hili and valley, or threadlug his way in_ solitary cance AUl he reached a polnt where he could at peace unlurl the banner of retigious toleration, and to which, {n l‘meml scknowledgment nf the grace of God which had smiled on him _thus [ar, he gave the name still Immortalized i the State that sprang from his exertlons, * Providence.” Or, npafn, look to the banks of the Delaware, whero Wiillam Penn founded what he called the “holy exnerlment " of a State which should ap- ‘peal 1ot to war but to peace for protection, and which should improve, to use his own words, “an fnnocent course of life on a virgin Elysian shore.”” Thers rosc the City of Brotnerly fiuvc, srhose Atrects still bear the noma of the ash, the cheatnut, the spruce, and the walnut of the foreat in which it was planted. There relgncd that dynasty of P'rinces who acknowiedged their alleglance to the English Crown by the simple homags of a_ beaver's akin, and “whose prin- ciple, - derived from the Patriarch of the Quakers, George Fox, was, ** Lot your light sbine among the Indisns, the blacks and the whites.” Or In Georgln, look at the fine olil churchman, Oglethorpe, the unwavering friend of Wesloy, the model soldier of Bamuel Jolinson, the synonym Inithe mouth of Popo for “strong benevolence of soul.” He and those I have named may surely be reckoned amongst those to whom Lord Bacon nives the first pisce amongst the benefactors of mankind, —the founders of States and Fmpires. They arc examples of tho hoary sacred antlquity which may still be found In Amerlea. CONTENDING FORL A CONTINENT. 1pass to the uext evoch,—it Is that In which tho great French and English natlons contended for the possession of the American Continent, ns they had onca in the Middlo Agces contended far the possession of tha ancient Kingdom of France. This nlso, althongh chronologically it appearsin the nildst of the prosale elzhteenth century, {8 fraught with all the romance swhich belongs to the medieval struggles of {European races. 1t 18 that long contest so graphically de- peribed fn the eloborate narrative of Francis Parkman, and it is futertwined with some ot tho most impressive scencs of American nature. T.ook at that lins of waters, Lako Geeorza and _Lake Champlain, which formed st that timetho central thoroughfare—the only thoroughfare— through what was then a trackiess wilderncss of mountaln and furcst, Bew the English armies, drawn alike from tho mother country and the stilt obedlent colonlsts, fighting in one commun cause, coming down fu their vast flotilla through those_buge overhanging woods. Sco st the point between the Iakes the fortress, of which the ruins still remain—almost the only ruins that coo ba seen, Eerh-nl,mruuzhout thelength and breadth of the Unitcd States—the fortresa of Ticonderogs, or as the French called it, Ca- rillon, or Chimes, from the melodious murmur of thewators which dashedalong from vne Inland sea to tho other. Listen to the legendary lory which hangs over thomysteriousdeath of Dancan Campbellof Inverawe,wliosegzravestonu isstill lo be scen amongat tho dercendants of his famous clau; orgaze on e historic splendor which surronnds the nama of Lord Howe, commmemn- orated by the grateful Americans, alike in o inonument on the spot where hy fell, by the shares of Laoke Georie, sud withim the walls of Westminater Abbey, Or_ aguin, look, more norshward still, to the wondertul enterprise in which the most captivating of English soldiers,’ tho littlo sfckly ced-balred hero, Gen. Wolfe, by & miracle of audacity climbed the heights of Abraham, and won tha fmperial forress of Quebeg in the singular victory 1o which almost at tho rame hour expired himself and hia no less chilvalrous adversary the French Montealin, Tho Englishmen snd the Americans of to-day, ns they louk tram the terrace of the citadel of Quabee uver the mluntz watcrs uf tho Bt, Law- ronce, may altke feel thelr patriotlam kindled by the recollection of that time; und not the Increased. On such waters as the UGerman Qcean, the English Channel, and the Mediterra- n ihe ees i3 crowded with veasels, Urged by , one-half of theee arc shot along iiko bolts througn stormn, fog, and darkness. A feeblo Hight at the foretop and perhaps two col- ored ones fo the walst of the ships arc the salc- ty nignals. Inclear weather at night these aro sufficient. In thick, fogzv weather, or when anow, rain, - sieet, and wind combined half blina the eyea of ihe walch on the lookout and the oflicer an tho bridge, when alicets of spray at frequent intervals are drench- fng the entire deck forward, when yon cannot #ee your hand before your face and throuch all this the Immense bulk of san ocean ateamer ls belng forced hour after hour Intoan abyss of Eerption darkness, the lights in common use wre of little better avail than the glow of a fire- malority which has doomed my conntey fo'des straction. You have bagun to burn our owns And murder o people. Lok npon your hands. They are stalneid with the blood of your relations! You and 1 were long friends; you arc now my énemy, and 1 am yonrs, B. PRANKLIN. YOICE OF THE PEOPLE. The Andre Monument, To the Editor of The Tribuna, EVANSTON, 1il., Jan, 2.—Begging your indule gence, I would tsln snggest to C. E. 3l afew thoughts afler perusing the communication headed *Maj. Andre® in your lasue of* tha Stat uit. DId you ever know that our great, ali-mite, and benefleent Creator, fo superior knowledgy and wisdom, created some men with minds broader, deeper, and farther seeing, havios profounder thought and higher {ntelligence, and who are more whole-sonled than others; men who delve deeper than mrere superficial; who sink self and show manhood; who understanl more thoroughly as tocbaracterand worth; who sct, not hastily, but calmly and slowly, aod, when conyinced that they are right, proceed to carry out thelr ficas and plans, lving tosuch actfons nn effect that will prove lasting! * When one such as these, havivg at hls com- mand weaith, doubtless with perfect unders standing as tawhom they wish to bonor-in memory or person, and in a way which they may deem proper, acting with a charitable patriotism, fres from mallce, and with fecling that mankind might Le bocefited and history made clearer, should declde to do as Cyrus We Fleld did in expressing willlogness to erecta statue 1o memory of the lamented Maj. Andre, thoughtful readers would certalnly not doas C. E. M. has done. ) ITistory, a8 It reads and Te justly nnderstood nowadays, records the fact that Andre, even by our own people, Was not considered as unprinci- pled and dishonorable, but as unfortunate by contact with that double-dyed Judas and traicor, . Benedict Arnold; be was considered to be what Lie was, without doubt, n gentloman of honor, strictly under the defloition of the word, not a Y. pélbtflrad within our lines, Arnold"s tredch- ery imade knowa, tried, condemoed, and_exe- cuted, by stern military law, There {s do doubt but that the discovery of Arnoid's duplicity added intensity at the time to the feellng ngatnst Andre. Many of the then leadiog men of tbe uation deplored his fate. Washingtoo himselt would gladiy have saved him. ‘Che amiablencss o(‘llm private character excited putlic sym- pathy. 1 vanturo to assert that were each and every one of his &nrlzen 1iving at this day, aud the trial to bo bad, ths records of the court-martial would show different ruling. 2 C, E, M, shouid also be taught to know that all things relative to bigher thougbt have changed much since then. Christian relimiou lias broader teaching, The magnanimity shown by oury martsr President and his wellcliosen leaders nthe closing of our, late internccine atrife sbould alone remove, tinless the heort ls callous, all feellng such as shownin his com- munication. ] -~ America I8 larze and lfberal; fn it a man can spend his mopey ns be will, whether it be jn erecting monuments or diggiog vits. Do noty 1 tpmv, rush futo print with such a balderdash of hash: plain porridze Is much better. You can protest and protest, the world will still coo- tinue fn Its ceasless orbit. The Goveroment will not come to yuur resete. Oh! fle, Cyras, why @1d’yon rates his dander, "Twaa crael, but you know bestregnrding Andre; . Mothinks I'C. E.M. now with about six feet of rope enndering Into obscarity, I hope. AMERICAN LIFE. Dean Stanley's Views of Some Aspects of It. £n Addross Delivered Befora the Birming- ham and Midland Iostituts, Lessons from Ameriea’s History~Fonr Greal Epothis-Present Condition and Fature Prospeels. Dean Stavley delivered his inaugural address g9 Prosident of the Birminghom and Midland Jostitute at Birmiogham, on Dec. 10, This ad- dress, upon the historical aspects of American Iife, expressing thoughts suggested to Dean Stanley by his recent visit to thia country, ls given below. y. All this every traveler can testify Is realized for mora or less times at _every trip across the Atlantic, esnccially on the Banks of New- foundland and at or near the entrances of the FEnelish and St. Georgza's Channels, and more e]nrthiglnry-t this season of the year, when he « dark and stormy. The uss of sn electric light at tha foreton wanld lr!ntl{ diminish these incrensing chances of collision, ~The efectric ray wonkl penetrate the thickest foz or tempest many hundred yards, where the ordinary lamp in use can only boseen when toolate toavert the fatal crash. The dynamic power for tha electric light Is ready at hand on every steamcr. And when almost weekly hundreds on bundredsof human victima aro by such casualtios being drowned in theas unguarded boxes like rata {n e, when the Ioss of lifc by maritime collision within the last thirea months has been greater than that occur- ring In any combat of navies since the days of Abouxir and the Nile, it would scem as it the suggestion was warranted by tho circumstances tliat the principal maritime nations unite In en- forcing some additional means for avolding tho recurrence of thesc terrible catastrophies. We send out n Government vessel at many thous sand dollars’ expenss to hunt for & reported sunken rock which may not exist, while with our present applisnces every vessel on the ocesn In thick weather grants the dangers of a rock oran abandoned and drifting wreck to every other yvessel. ————— 281, Lawyers In Congress. New Tork Graphic. We recently ascertained that of the seventy- iz membera of the United Btates Senate, fifty- cight are lawyers, and that in the Natlonal House of Representatives thero are 228 lawyers, and only seventy who are uot' lawyers, Hun- dreds of papers In the country bave been led to comment upon these startling figures, and most of them agree with the Graphic that “There are four times ns many lawyers In of- fice in this country as there ought to be.” Tum Ciicaqo TRIBUNR has & roview of these figures, but it does not seem at all affected Ly the facts that Mlchigan has sent to Congress niue law- yers, Missisaippl ‘six lawyers, and Maine five lawyers, and that even lllinois has sent seven- teen lawyers, and has ouly two Representatives who are uot lnwyers, Commenting on our as- sertion that thero are too maony lawyers ia otfice, Tne TRIBUNS says: This assamption is based upon the theory that Iawyers ¢4 obtain the larvest fees from the ohscur- Stles and contradiciions of Iaw, * nnd that they are conaequently inclined to make the laws a8 obicare and involved as possibie in order to furnish them- selves_and their aasociates witk a profitable pracs tice, We are tnclined to regard this rentiment an’ 100 sweeping. 1t wonld be neccesary (o assume that men who fucling to the legal profession have a common moral defect in order Lo sscribe #0 un- worthy and mean-spirited a motive s this to all lawyers. Tur Trinuxz will please Lake notice that we have indulged in no sweeping condemnation of lawyers, eithar by expression or_{mplication. Lawyers a8 o rule are gs honest and patriotic as the "members of auny other occupation or profession, These questlons are not In- yolved In our earncst protest acainst the practice of allowing lawyers to make sllour Jaws, Our obfection is a fundamental one. Wo say it 18 expensive and dangerons to permit lawyers to make the laws from whose ambigulties and imperfections they live, not be- cause lawyers are distioncst, but merely becausa they are iuman, ‘Fhey cannot belp looking at thiogs from their own point of view, Ir a Congress were empawered to establish the price at which all farm’ produce should be sotd, would mechanics, merchants, and miners Insist on clecting nobody but farmers to tbat Congress? -And if four-0fths of such a body were fariners, would the farm Interests of tho country be ltkelyto suffer! And would the man who remonatrated against farmers fixing the price of thelr produce bo justly chargeable with slandering nll agriculturists! It zertainly fs an alarming fact that three- fourths of the American Cougressmen are law- yere, Thelr law-making will be partial in splio of their good lntentfons. In mo otler country in the world have Iawyers such dominance.—not even fn Italy. 1o England the landed and ourselves, {s sald to provall at Jeastin the North- ern States of America. He blamed The careless trust, that happy luck Wil eave ns, come what may— The apathy with which we see ‘Onr country'a dearest lntercst atrock, Dreaming that things will right thempelyes, That brings dismay. Not thinga will never right themaelves, “Tis we muat pot them right, He rebukod those who Apart in selfish ailence stand, Inting the danger and the wrong. And yet too busy to upiift their hand And do the dutles that belong To those who syould be free, e called on the ‘Nobla men and true, l||1h. low, young, old, wherever you msy be, Awale! arisc cast off this letbargy, Your anclent falth renew, And set your hands to do the task ‘That freemen have to do. ' 112 bade them Cleanse the Augean stall of politics Of ita fonl muck of crafts, and wiles, aud tricks; Bresk the baee tings wnere commerce reeks and rots, Purge speculation of its canker-spote. Hea bade bis sleeping country rise And forward go upun the path O e dcstwnies, 0P Waords, like these, 80 uttcred and so recelved, cannot but beget & hope that the country for which they were written, and in which they were spoken, has yet within it the Instruments of regencration, and the germns of future creat- ness. And as they give a forcible, perhaps too forrible, representation of the dangers and th hopes which lie wrapt up fu the history d Americs, so also, consciousof that affinity of which I bave before -rokcn which unites tha two countries together, 1 veniure to quote them bera In the feeling that by annlogy they aro ap- plicable also to England. Not only they In thelr youth and fresnness, but we In our green ola age, need to be reminded that we nlso, In spite of onr long ancestral traditions, and *‘the anclent fubred integrity " of the Eoglish nation, have kindred dangers threaténing uson theright handand oo the left, Oursafety, like theira, in listening to the volco of those few nobl and high intelligetces who rise above the pas- slone of party and the sordld Intercsts of tho moment, who have tbhe wisdom nat merely to denounce, but to discriminate: and the desire not merely to preserve or deatroy, but to tm- prove and bring to perfection the inheritance committed to our trust. BYMPATIIY IN TIIR QUEEN'S APPLICTION. When speaking of the common sentiment which auimates a nation in the presence of tho deeper and higher cheracters aud decper thonghts { should not bo duing justice to your feelings, nor, I may add, to the feelings of the reat Ropublic which we bave been considering, ik 1.d1d not touch on the mlnfilenl grief and re- spect which will bave pervaded all true English hearts on efther alde of the ocean when they Lear of tho atroke of sorrow with which the Royal famlly of this country hns been visited on a day already sicnatized os the most mournful in the nonals of thefr house. She who 18 gone from un first became known to tho public of Eneland through her noble con- duct by the deattibed of her father, once so well known in this city, and she bas now fallcu a savritice, as every wifo and mother in tnis as- sembly will feel, to the devoted care with which he nurscd her husband and her children. Bat sbo also belonged tothat higher order of fntelligenca and gooduess of which we have been speaking. 8he cored for all that could elavate her fellow- creatures; and If her exalted rank enve her larger means of making her beneficent lnfluence felt, 1t will not be grudged to Lier tn oy home or in suy institution, whether of the Old or of thoe New World, Her life will not have been spent in vain € it has shown what on_ Eoglishwomnn can do biv tho unseliish discharge of the dutles of her siatfon—~her death will bot have been in vain if 1t hos causcd many hearts to beat in closer sym- pathy with tho solitude of a desolate home, and with tho sorrows of a family whichthe whole Augio-Saxon race througluut the world claling us its own pecitllar property. In that banquet at Salem, to which I have already referred, there wai 6 moment, and ono only, When the whole assembly rose to their feet, and stood jn respect~ ful revirence. Jt was when, sfter proposing “Qnr vwn homes,” there was sung the English THR ADDRERS, (n this oceasion I have thought that, Instead of enlarging on the commonplace topies of edu- tlon or literature, which would be equally ad- vantageous at any time or in arly place, it might be nsefil to say o fow words, suggested by & recent journey to the United Bzates, which wiil pot bo mnnsuitable to the general ques- tlons nvolved in institutions like thls. Jt ls mot my purpose to pive to yon what aore called ™ Impressions of Ametics.* Even I the circumstances of my Jjonrney did not render such an undertaking Ime possible, should have felt that, beforean audi- ence 8t Birmiogham, the ground had already been preoccupled by a distingulshed pastor, well known to all of you, wboso activity and zeal must be admired even by those who most wide- Iv differ from him,and whidse controversial vigor of style few cau imitate or emulate. I propose to confloe myself to that side of Amer- ican )ife which perhaps was of more luterest to me than to most travelera: its purely historical aspeet, that aspect presented by tne original Eostern States to which my journey was con fined, It is a partof history which, for what- ever reason, Engllshmon are strangely lgnor- aut—nt least 1 speak for myselt—until their tmagination has been touched by the actusl wight of that vast continent, with its inspiring anggeations and recollections. P R There ate two remarks which sn Englishman constantly hears from the lips of Americans, uttered with a kind of plaintive apology: “ We are a young people,’* and * Wo haye no autiqui- tles.” 'Tho truth of the first of theso remarks every oné must admit; the truth of the sccond | venture to question. Thero I8 & saying of Lord Bacon, part of which hgs been made famillar from its baving becomo the titlo of an Interesting work by an eloquent snd multifa- rlous writer of our own time, ** Antiguitas saeculi Jjuventus mundi," ¥ The aze of the world Is slso its youth.” DBut there fs the reverse of this eaving, which 18 equally triie: * The youth of & nalion is also {ts motiquity.” Tt wos a funda- wental maxim of the historical philosophy of the great teacher onmco well known in the neighborhood of Birmiogham, and I trust not yet forgotten, Thomas Arnold, of Rugby, that every nation has Its snclent and modern Iistory, lrrespectively of the chrono- logleal place which such » nation may hold In the general succeasion of events, * This.la strik- fugly {llustrated in tho case of America. Its youth bringa it within tho catogory of & perlod of listory which may truly ba called snclent, because it still breaths something of the fresn- ness of its Ocat beginnings, becauso ft -still ex- bibits soclety mot In the shapd of . absolute achievement, hut of eradusl formatfon. No doubt the sclentiflo and material appljonces of the nincteenth century, in same reapects car- rled to a further extent fn tng New Waorld than fu'the Old, yrive an appearance ot noyeity, and, 1u a certaln sense, of perfection, which 18 alto- pether alien to tho first origin of a peovles but when we penetrate below this wo ahall find toat thero are wbunoant traces of this voutbful, childlike, and = therefore primi- five aapect of American history...’Lhe iyout! of America corresponda to tho the antiquity o Furope. It 48 this peculloririty of American history In its past, its present, aud s future, which\constitutes its pecullar interest, often it Lest apology, always its powerful incentive, It Is a charsetoristic which, ina lnrge measure, it shares with Itussla, but which in Amerlea is brought to g nearcr focus from the shortuess of the carcer it has hitherto ron. s TUR ERA OF TIIB POUKDERS,: | Tho bistory of the Unitea States: may bo sald 1o claas ftsclf into four dlfferent opochs, which POLIFICAL INATITUTIONS. Agaln, the distinct ehaeacter, the independent povernment, the scparate legislation of the varfous States which composo the Republic of North America represent a_condition of polit- fcal society to which modern Europe offers no parallel, except perhops inthe small Federa- tion of Switzeriand, and for which, on so larce & Scale, we must for an_example go back to the not yet developed States of Europe, nst emerg- ing "from_the old Homon Emnire Into the new Christian Empire of Charlemogne, each marked, indeed, by the separato natlonalities which wera already beginning to shiow themscives, but even in thesixth or the nioth century, speaking, as fn the vast Contineat of North America at tho orcsent day, at least, amongst tho educated | clonscs, one lan- guage and sublect, at ‘least i wpame, to ono central (Jovernment, You will mot stippose that, In thus referring to tho jnde- pendence and diversity ot thedifferent Buates of Amcriea 1 am presuming to enter on that most vexed of ail vexed questions of American politics—the exact point whera the rights of the separate States terininaie and tho riehts of the Central Government begin. I treat of it only in {ts general featurcs as an unquestionable phenomenon which indicates that the Ameri: can Commonwealth is yet In tho beginning of potitical suclety, and that the end may ho some- ;’hl;l far diiferent from that which we now be- old. Agaln, {n the relatlona of the laboring classes tothe educated or uppor classes ol Amorica, without entrenching on the thorny questions of capital and labor, of sociolism aud of political economy, which ara now beginning to agitata the New World as they agitate the Old, there fsa pocullarity whicl: ‘exists In no European country at the present tlme, and which {aa problemn_kindred to the first arrangeme of tho Btates of theanclent classical worl Itis the pecullarity by which mechanical and manusl labor is ~performed, for the most part, not by natives, but by forcizners. What tho Pelaagians were tn Attica, what tho Helots, were in Bparts, what the Israclites wero in I’ tine, what the Greeks generally called by tho varying names of Parmel or Periecl,—that 18 to suy, the rigloal or forcign elements which the ruling class appropriated to itscll for these inferlor purposes,—that, In some measure, the Irlsh, the negroes, and the Chilnese aro to the ‘Anglo-Saxon race of the United Statea. 1t has often been observed how widely this diversity of the QGreclan Commonwealths from those of modern Europe fnfluences any judgmont which we may draw from them and their condition to ours; 1t 1a not less truo that a like precaution Is rendered nccessary by the appearsnce of this stmilay phenometion “in the United Btates ol America. I might multiply indefinitety the fn- stances of this divergenco in _the relative atages *of social and politicaland ecclenfastical existenca {n America and Europe. Whether wo condemn or approye the institutions of tho United Btates orof our own country, the main practical con- ditfon under which we must atart on any com- parisan {s, that to s very large oxtont the two apheres of the OId World and the New World are almost 08 incommenatyabla as tho perjod of P, The Chicnge Boya. To the Editor of The Tribune. s Cnicaco, Jan. 1.—Ooly yesterday I' saw an express-wagzon run over & emall boy on Madison street, Just above Ada. No one seemed to bs 1o fault except the general custom which has provided no place for bovs, and nothing for them todo. It almost scems as if boys in a. city bave uo rights that other falks are bound to respect, and that they are always looked upon &g In somebody’s way. They cannot ride the horses to water, briog 1p the cows and milk them, bunt hen's nests, trap opossums, chase squirrels, or cut wood, as boys do In tho country. Their motlers and sis- ters, or servant-girls, do all the cbores. They have no play-grounds, anu it docs secm as i€ they were left out of the ealculations of life. ln the parior they are always fn the ‘way, and are sure to get loto trouble with Bridget every tiue they gotothe kitcien. They must not rus, and skate, and whoop, and tbrow stones, and turn summersaults on the streets, sud must $twatch out " in the parka leat they run over the S ; ! = God Save the Queen.” ‘ihat moneyed intereats are paramount,—perhaps (00 | 41,0 cury, Lo clurs ltsolt hito four differcut, opveliny Which | ks becaiise, as J have said, it 1o weapt, It s halo | Thesous or Lycurgus with tho aco of Alexander, | ellucatcl Leneranes and fanaticism, therg {a tha | national unthietn, araniount, since they are very apt 1o I carts, e O e demilned, Tho frat epoch 1s | of romance which belongs 'rather to the thir- | or the nerio ot Egbert or Charies Martel with | chanee thet the volcof the ressonablo fewmay | FHAR sentiment’ will, 1 am sure, fnspire thou- | BYERUCH YA ML Hcago montor Now boya are an_American {nstitation, aod more and more make itself heard, It fs In )it~ crature (and for this rcoson I call tho attention of this tnstitute to the fact) that this Yyoice is chlefly to be heard and felt. The litcrature of America {s still young; but that swnall but se- lect band who are its Yesders have cxervised, and still may excrcise, a controlling effect by thefr increasing sdentlfication with” the Letter elements of the nation. It was Wasbington sands of Amerlcan learts to respond nt this season n & yot docper and more solemn sense 1o the prayer In which wo all jolned—*Gud save and bless the Queen,” —————— EADS® MISSISSIPPL JETTIES, Thelr Fallure asa Far as They Have Been ¥ should be "taken into tho account fn all family aud munlcipal Nfe. Every one stould have sometbing to do, and some place in which he has a right to be, All our parks should be given up to them fur a certain number of hours every day, when adult pedestrisus, strolling lovers, bables, and toddlers must et out of the way. Vacant lots shoulu be dedicated to thelr use,and teenth century than to that fn which it nctually oceurred. Those scencs of bat- tles between the high-born courtiers of France on the one hand, and tho Jacobite Highlandura of Bcotland, and the sturdy colo- nists_of Vircinia and Masmachusetts inter- wiogled with the war-whoops and the tomahawk, the feathers and the colors of those Indisu tribes who wers the terror and what wo may enll the Era of the Foundera, It 1s rarely that we are able so nearly to place our- uelyes within the reach of tha first fnlabitants and “the flrst chieftains of & pawertul people.. What most resemblos this evoch 1s, perbaps, the secounts, historleal or legendary, af the foundation of the Orecian Btateg, whethor lu the mother country or its do- the perlod of Henry VIiL or Charles ¥, EXPECTATIONS FOR THE PUTURE. Tut heaides the lght which this view of Amerlean history throwe on the pust and the Present, thers is also tha further guestion of the light which It throws upon tho future. It does uot follow that Sceaund & nation like ours has flourished for centuries it is ucar its cud, assumes, beeause thoy arc ‘‘moan-spirited,’ but becsuse they uaturally look at things from thelr own polat of view. " But nowhers in the world 18 Jaw enforced mora exactiy, or_{ustice assured more certalnly, than fo Great Dritain. 1n France, t0o, sod in Germany, lawyers occupy a back seat, landed eentlemen, scholars, litera- tors, jourualists, and artists taking precedence ou the Effect of the Wood-Euting Worms on the Willows Used In Thelr Construce ton. pendencles. But the (ireck founders are, fur Far from us be any such desponding fatallam. Constructed—\What #n Army Rugiveer | Of them. fbo 1d not bo sulfered to siate o crowded Tl most part, more or less involved fn a cloud | the attraction alternately of hoth the contend- | . thy Teving who first knlt toether thase bonds of g 1n no other country in the world sre th Uusiness atreets. The truck of a street-rallway of Table, wiilst, those of tho Ameriean Com= [ g pares, carry us back to times which anetire Tovatiit canpie B dened thut tho lonzer 1he | fafly and domentiensmpatiy between Eagland | Tiaks o7 The and What Ifo las to ay | 10 1o other equatey in (1o mocld ate thers 9 | is no placs for s boy un siates, snd they shoaid and America of whicli'1 have Just apoken, After the violent disruption which” tore us asunder, he had the grace oud courage to diffuse his own kiudly and genlal fuollufi from his sunn; cottngs on the banks of the }Hudson througl 1he lurid atmosphers which _had been produced by the successive wars of 1735 aud 1812, Weat- minster Abbey, Btratford-on-Avon, and Ab- hottsford were transfizured In the eyes of Americans by Nis charmiug **Sketen Book," and trom that timo hias sat in tho pligrimaga of Americans to our English shrines which has never coascd, aud which cannot but render suy futura dislocation of the two countries mora diticult. Bryant, lougfcllow, and Whittler have tono perbaps even u greater service by touching with the swectness and the light of tholr poctry acencs perhaps before hardly kuown in tho natural objects and the Liatorie splendor of thelr own conutry. Bryaut, to use the words distinguishicd "Amerle eccleslastic, firut ed the heart of Ameriea through the Gate Beautifnl, Whenwo aeethe lircen Hiver, and the rockyslopes of the hilisof Berkshire, we feel that ko did tor them something of woat Wordsworth effected for the lakes and mountains of West. morelaud, Longteliow and Whittler achluved thelr fame, not only by those pocms which ap- peal to Lthe general fuatincts ol mankind, and arnentwined with the sacred recollections of Europe, but they also attaclhed themselves di- reetly to the early inhabitauta of the Northern Cautinent, and to the atlrring scenes_of the great coufliets both of America with England us that the Americun novellst, Fenimora Coop- cr, rlzbily chose them 2s o themo of lits plet- uresquo and beart-atirring tales, and which make even an £nglishinan or a Seotchmon feel that tn traveraing those regians he s, as it wore, on the Lochi Katrine or the Loch Lomend of his own kindred fsles. And when o the hille of the Amerivau Berkshire wa see the hugs howlder which, withiits simple indeription, marks tho *grave of tha Ntockbrid naians, the frionds of our fathers,” wo feel that we stand on the bonndary of those days when the clyil- 1zca man aud the aavoge were not yet parted asunder, when there waa still a scnsg of inutual ratitude between tho Lo races such as carries un back to the tines when (loth saud Roman, Cult and Saxon, met fu thelr vared viclssitudes of war and peace, THH WAR OP INDEPENDENCE, Wo pass to the third epoch—tliat of the War ot Independence. Wo now approach a regiou which, compared with the twa that have preced- ed it, nay well be called modern. Yet hero also thers s a savor of antiquity and of primitive Inspiration In the circle of ronowned chiuracters wha for the first, psrhaps we may say thec only, time in American history appear equal to the catness of their country's destinies, When, n the public place at Richmond, we the statue of Ucorwe Washington surronnded grouy of the famous Virginisus of bis thné, the cloquence of Patnick Henry, the judiclons sagacity of Marshall, tha eccentric encrey of JetTerson—when to these we add the stern vigor maonwelth stand out {n afl the distinctuess of Myviug and octual personalities, It wi ex- trnordluary sensation which I experlonced when, two days after landiog fn America, I found myself asalating ut the celebration of tho 250tk anniveraary of the town of Balem In Mas- sachusetts. Around me wero guests and speak- ers who derived tuelr lincage and namo from those who liad first set foot on what was then s Jdesolate wilderness. On onc sids was o dis- tinguished Judge, the reoresentative of Fndi- cott, the tirst” tlovernor: on the other side the venerable and accomplished descendant of Win. thirop, if not the first actual, the fivst undls- puted, overnor of tho Colony. The ofiica ftself _waa well represented by tha lonored citizen who in . direct succes-| sion filled ft at that moment, On the rigut nand and the left wers the Saltoustalls, the Bowditches, aud the Higginsons,—naimes obseure hero but houseliold words there, Thelr progenitors are not shadowy phantoms—like 1ha heroes of Ossion's pocins—with the stars shinjug through them, but stout and stalwart yeomen, or merchants, or clergy, lke oursclves; each howe iu the place clalmed some connectio with one or other of these ancestral patriarel thelr portraits, thelr letters, she trees they planted, the churches thoy had bullt, wera still wmongst us, It was gs i ono were sitting st table far Lack {o the opening of English or Fu- ropean history, with the grandsons or great- f‘r-mlmnl of tiengist and Tlorss, or Clovis and be_ kept off thewi by light peualties, strictly enforced; but there are plenty of side streets sod cruss strocts where they cab skate, and run, aod shout, and, with a little caro on_their purt, be {n nobody’s way. { do wish oar L‘n{ Fatoers would make larger allowance for (Le boys, = that city mothers would supply thew with a lit- tie sulfable emnployment, such as would make thelr play all tha inore Injovable ta themselves and others. JANN GREY BWIssuLs. or of complcteness which, to a certaln degree, contracts the vislon of tho future. 1t 18 tho veverss of this fecling that ia produced by what 1 have called tne near, and, as it were, clase]y present antlquity of the American Btates. ‘Fhey Insenalbly Jook forward to tho posaibllity of u vaster dovclopment than we do in the oldor uations, And this expectation (s 0o new unnfi. Amldst all the ovil forehodings, and all the fail- ures of Ameriean existenco, it has always hevn present. Whetherfrom tho remarkable circum- stance of fts flrat bflimulnk. cortain it s, that even from very early Umes s sensn of & vast aad mysterious destiny unfolding ju a distant future had taken posscssion of the minds both of Americans and of 1{shmen. Bhakspearo (or it may bo Hen Jonson) ned hut just scen the first dawn of the carlicst scttlement in Virginia, , and yet he was able to place fu the mouth of Cranmer the prediction that in tho foundatlon of the town, and the river which bore tho naine of King Juines, thero should be: of his name couutry in the world are laws so {nextricably tangled and contradictory; sod in no other country lo the world is there 50 much unncees sary litigation, In every town peaceable peoole are engaged in quarrels to determine what law means, aud In the intel of court the simple- minded farmers pay the fuea and then clect the learned pentleman who ropresents the plaintift to the Leglslature and the learned gentleman who represents the defundant to Congress! Aud then the farmers resumo thelr quarrel, never ouce reftecting that they have re-elected to oftice the very men who made the laws they aro quarreling about! Lawyers are cducated, glib-tongued, facile, ready; they are in the eye of the publlc and stand at its ear; but 1t is indecent and perilous to the public welfare for them to be thrust (nto all the lewislative oflices. What would be sald il threc-fourtns of all the members of Conaress were bankerst or i threo-fourths were journal- ists? or §f three-fourihs were soldlers?” Itfs a sud uign 10 hear Tia CHICAGO TRIBUNE, one of the ablest and most sugaclous journais in the country, say that *tho experience of the Awerl. cun people as not a8 yet taught them that there ta moy danger {a calling lawyers futo public life, even to the extent in which this tendancy I fn- dulged,” Tue‘TRisuxs i3 certalnly mistakon, The American people are not insaue. Heuce. forth there will be & smaller percentaze of law- yers olected to Congress und to the varlous Leg- slatures, and other wen will succeed them rep- emphis Aratanche, The latest annual report upon the improve- ment of Bouh Pass (the Jetties), mado by Capt, M. It Brown, U, B. A,, engineer In charge of tho work, to the War Department, has been ro- celved. It records operations te July 4, 1878, On page 2 Capt. Brown fs compelled to admit that tha croas-currents nt the sea end of the Jettles, relied ou by Cant. Eads to carry tho sed- nent out Inta the deep waters of the Gult, do not appear when wanted. Ile says *they are soldom sbscnt at some distance Lelow tho surfaca fn decp water,! but *‘all testa for their existence near the ends of the jetties havo failed to find any, save one made March 18, 1873, The report voutains vo evidencs that the pediment {8 thus disposed of, but 1% is known that {t plles up outslde, boyond Lhe sea-euds of of tho jettles. Thu only absolutely reliable water (s in the calumns of the jetty journals that cau find spaco for ouly facts or nfsinforination hwrmtx tho Eads enterprise. ‘Anothier point broughit out by Capt. Brown's report bears oo the wood-caflng worms, the s predo,” which, it bas been botli charged and denled, have been lunching vigorously on the willows used 1o constructing the jettios. The ps the fact that « Tplnlehed Dusiness” In the City Councils To the Editor of The Tribune, Ci110460, Jan. 2—\We have au excellent City. Councti—perbaps the very best wa have cver: had; the members meet promptly every Mon- day eventng, hardly & seat vacant at the hour of ineeting, halt-past 7, and attend closcly to and expedite business 11l 10 or 11 o'clock, and vet there Is always a large amount of tusiness lu arrear,~much of it tnost $mportant, aod of very urgeot uature, ‘This s (o the Iist of * Untinlsh ed business," haying found its way there for' yarlous rensons, chfefly becsuse of the pre- cedpnce necessarily and properly given to mat- ters communicated by the Mayor aud by the Board of Public Works tothe reports of com- mittees, and to speclal prders, Whoen @ messure has oucegot futo this list—** Unlinlsned o Let it not be grievous to you," was the con- solation offered from England to the Pilgrim Fathers, *‘that you have been fmtruments to break the lca for others. * 'Fhe honor suall by yours to the world’s end, for the memory of lie adventures to this plantation never dle,”” Blshop Berkeley, who by a strange fato was diverted from bis projects for Hermuda to scttln on the plessant shores of Khoda Island, even the epln, It was tbat sense of near proximity to 0 ind | sl witlow twigs are subject to the ravages of | resenting othier intercsts, not so sloquent or businsss'—It sccms well olgh given over B e e O e B ervel | Of Jubh Adume, and Namion bis nomenaicey feom | 3 there within the bumble uisito n wiicta 18 | und ot the Northern and Bouthern States. | Tho | yyo tercdo.” Capt. ot sayes « T O tbs. it knowiu what the | 10" VLo sleep that kuows no. waklg. ously reprodiiced by Bir Walter Beott’s novel of | Boaton, and last, not least, thn homely snd | st ugl !;.fi':fl nnlfl ’lu b n Suapsaed romances of Hawthorne, which connect them- | “'ny '\ rme nnd thelr efects in the Jetties were | fountry needs aud qulta as likuly to legislato for And, so long as the Iuembers * lyauhot," where, with verhops & too cless | penctrating Tenlnn of Bnjuntn Franklin, | Inw roc h"‘fl :‘"}Yh biiosophical ‘un‘}ha- self with talian life, touy to us for the mowent | 4. 'chiervod in December, 1570, tho spucimeus | thy promotion of justice work withont compeusation, it is ditlcult to foreshartening of bis picture, he makes us feel | from WPwiladolphis, and the britliant philo- :l;‘:?ll“:fl& d“fl h: th e ::u‘; s o muat (nterest, bus thoss which sball | o¢ pine sttacked having' been’ fn the jeltles tind o remedy. It wonld seem like ‘“ridivg a thi J poxsess tha most enduring value are the strauge scencd of Now Englaud lu the strects of Bostou und of Satemi, Buch pathetic snd elevated sen- thnents, 3o interminzled with national seutl- ment, muat lave s share o ralslug the natlon mbove the rustlc murmur of parochl- sl or munwipal e luto the great wave that ccbioes round the worll And yct furtnor, it is not only in this more subtle and Indirect mauner that tha writiogs and the volces of the few may guide the opin- fons and fous of tho miany It f& by those di- rect lessons of wisdow and ‘noderation which now and then the few have the courage to utter, ond the many have the good seusa to welcoue, In theso latter days ¢ hus been sometimes lm- plled that the uneducated classes arc siways Fight, and the educated classes alway wrond, TUE NEBD OF A MIGUKEH INSPISATION, Bat iu every delghborbood, and not least In this great ceotrs of populur life, from thuo to time, we meet with fnstances which roveal tous, a3 with & lizhitoiug ash, the need of higher ju< spirations, ‘The inost widely spread and deeply routed of popular jllusious th our time received, if ¥ nlstako uot, its dret wortal wound when sn eloquent votcw from Birmingham, beloved also In Americs, had the bolducis to de- nounce it os & grouudless aud toiser- able {mposture. Avd in the close of the cightecath century il is uever to be forgotten Lhat tho Jast of the Pigrin Fathers, as we may call bum, who was forced to miei scienco’s spke from Englaod to An refugo fu the solitudes_of Penusylvanis, driven beaes, not by King or Bisbop, but by tha illiter~ ate mob of Blrwingbam,—the fllustrious wartyr of freedoin and scicuce, Juieph Pricstley. We il now scknowledizo that the mob wua Wwroog, i that the few who would Leve tolerated Priestley were right. Tuls ultlmute delercace to wature knowledge snd geterous sestiuicnts is a3 neediul to cultivate In the institutes of our great English towus as in the United States of Amorica. 1t was ooly this yoar that the vever- able sage who stands at thu bead of Awerican Nteraturo ventured lu s lecture ou tue * For- tuaes of the Republic to polut out one by oue the sallens fuults o bls countrymen, Lo eXpross bis certaluty that tueir clviization 14 vet fucomplete,” aud that b hus wot yet eaded, or given signs of endlog, in a hero. It i3 this wodesty, this sesse of Incomvletcuess, that eutltle With the sxvivesivie UL the salia truet in their ‘edric aud Athelstan, Front do Lieuf, and the Templars, still breathed the spirlt of the Haxon movarchy and of the Norman Conquest, Louk for 8 noment at somu of the seporute fimum into which the founders of the Amer- a0 Btates arrange themaeives, In thebrilliant pages of the veuorable bistorian of the United States, Ueorge Mancrott, you aes tbemn one by voe, from Florida to Quebee, emerging, as if frem the ocean, under the guldance of those ancientberoes, Take frat that which Is stilf in vommon parlance called the Mother Btate, or the Old Dominion of Virginis, What can be wore atirring or more primoval than the account of those brilliant adveuturcrs, who in thoe Jszziing glory of the Ellzsbettiau age were firod with the bope of perpetuating tho uamo of the Virgin Queen on a new contiuent! Luok at the nirst projector of the scheme, statesman, poet, Iistorian, discoverer, Bir Walter Ralelgh! Ho lles in & namelesa grave at \Westminster, but bis trug monuinent tha Coluoy ol Virginia. il':,"kd.n‘nlsl;e llu'l‘:" ngum 'fm“wn n A’mcr- K ) W Tecogal in England, of lim who.. though —hesdog ihe nodie wame of Johu Bmyth, was the hfe and soul of tlat esrly settlement, sud whoss career, both bLefore sud afterward, was checkered with series ol marvelous risks, which might weil Luve belonged to s tireclan Argonaut or s nic- divval crusader. With a scientitic nnd nautical urdor which has descended 1o his lincage fa this country, includiog tho late renowued hydro- krapuer, Admiral Smyth, was combined an . petuous peasion fur adventurs which had pre- viously led bim through tho wars of Huugary aud plupged him fnto the dungeons of tbe ‘Curkish coreairs; and which, in America, won e aflection of the Iudiau tribes, azainst whom |h\" aloua was able to guard the fulsut colouy, ‘Thrice was bis life spared by the futercet which Lils presence lmulmfln three Princeases, whom tle encountered In these various hazards—Cala- neta, the lady of Hungary; Trabegizonds, the Jady of the Turkish harem; aud Focaboutas, the young dsugiter of, the Iodisu Chict Fowbattan, who threw lhorscll between bim and per fathers anger, It is by & slogular fate that whilat Pocabontas, 1he carliest, or alinost tho earliest Chirlatfan con- Vert of Lhe native tribes of North Ameriea, lcs burled within tue parish church of Uravesend, Whera she closed her llte, the remalds of John Buwyth, atter bis long and stormy carcer, should - Fepdds L the soleain gloom of the Church ol sopie frlend and equal of Talleyrand, the gifted and unfortunate Alexander Mwmilton, we {cel that we are in the presenca of onw of those futellcctusl coustellations which mark only thoss great cretive epocha In the bistory of natlons, such as may indeed avpear in their Jater history, but usually belong to those mowments Wwhen the nation ftself {8 struggling futo existence. In sl the events of that atrug- glo there 18 & dramatic piovement whic longs tothoss eritical times when mankind {s ang through one of its decisive triule. Old Murtin Routh, of Oxford, who hag_{ived through ths French Revolution and the Naboloonic wars, when asked in his oxtreme okl ays what event of bis tune hud produced io Eniland tne deep- et tmpression, answered, * The separation ot the American States 5 and when, in his 100th year, be wandered in bis dylng moments tothe Yecoltections of former years, kils last words mur. mured sowethioig of “the war with Aweriea." Mauy sre tho scenes which lmpress oo tho tnind the momentous sspect of that time. Lot mo select two, One shiall b that in which Lhe firet British blood was shed, on the b of April, 1735, It is jn th “tn:cn meadows close to the Viliaze of Coneord. A gentie river dl- vides the swelhing hills on eltber sldey a rustic bridge crosses the ;am. On one elde s a simple pillar which marks the graves where | first Euglish soldlers that were slain il buried; un tue other side I 3 monuwent, erect~ ed fu later times, representing ove of thy slmple Amncrican peasauts with his musket by bls side, sad underuesth sre writlen the wemorabie words of oue of tha grestest living poets, him- self a mative ot Concord, sud the grandion of the pastor of the villaze, who was present 8t the time of the couflict: By the rude bridke that arched the food, ALolr Bag to Aprils brueze unfurlo, licre once tho enibattled furwers st00d, And fired the shot beard round the world. Tlio other acene is at Mount Veruon, tha un- adorned yet spacious wooden mausion where Washiugton spent bis latcst years with his de- voted wile, with his retivue of slaves, with the gracdous bospitality of siquost regal majesty; lookiog ont from the cuks which nuw overhaui hils gruve over the broad waters of the Polomac, on whoss_bauks was o slie the noble but stul uvfiuished Capital which bears bls canonlzed uaswe. No Epglishinan peed grudve the hours that he gives to the blograpby which Wasbing- tuo Irviog Las given to our great countrywun free horso tu death ' to usk more of men Who mua{ filv- %0 much of their time and labor to the publle free. Bome well-diecsted system of permunent reliof ougbt to be provided, hut that will come late, tug late to help tha piedent veed, Any immediate hein can come ouly trom the ecncrum{inl wen Whu £VED DOW BIY every week laylug the city under a heayy woight of gratitude for s large amount of well-rendered service, flwn stwithout money and witbout price.”” 1f the Cuunci could oceastonally & spevial session, to be devuted exclusively to “upfiolshed busfuess,” they would curn for themselves aud recelvo frowm the citizens thanks beyoud measure, Caunot one such upecial ses~ sion be beld at u very early day! JITIZEN, about etght wonths, 1o the month of Januar, 1577, a willow sapling, badly eatea by wuriws at fa lergor end, was faken trom the jottics, pre- sumubly nioe fect below tho murlace. Siuce tuen any Investigutions lnto tbe condltions of the mattresaos at the lower ends of the jettics have beon made, and the Invariable resuit fias been to 1nd 1nat willows of the wtizceses in tho lower tiers of the vuter ends of the Juttles sed budiy al- fecied, sowotines o partial disintegration. * No traces'of wornk have beon found in tbu jottios above a polut 10,000 feet below Esst Point, or 1,770 feet above the lower ead of tho east jotty, ahil nona have becn observed nearer than fuiir and 5 baif fesl to the surface of watar at any polat. Tho agile teredo is evidently making hlmselt at howme smong the jetty willows. Judgiug tbe future by the paat, Ii is ouly a question of Hme when the wood-cating worms will litersily de- stroy tho chief material used fu the jettics,” Bo- twuen the increasing bar outaldo tho sea cwls, tne ever-shifting mud-lumps, and the froll~ some teredv, Capt. Fads will tind 1t hard work to keep matters straight. lowever, there are the ever-faithful oewspapers. ‘They discover no mud-lum They have never hieard of the bar oo the outside, and they will bear testitnony that 1o teredo has ever tiadl the sudacity to in- scrt his molars ju oue of the jetty willows. Bug, seriously, even assumlng, for the sake of argumnent, that Lapt. Eads can, under the jetty system, obtain tweuty-tive or twenty-cleht feet of water within tho walls, aud overcome the obstructions beyond the sea-ends, how sre tue Tavages ot ths testiva teredo to Lo be stopped | And, it uot stopped, bow Joog will ic be betors by walls which foro the jetty-chanuel rot and foat out into the Guif? "It will bo burue (u wind that the Jetties are designed us & perma- pent huprovemcut, for which Capt. Eads bas sircudy recclved $1,500.000 of the Dwfilu‘l wmoney. ‘This fact gives vitality to the question. Mewbers of Uougicss should study before they vote auother dollar 1o kecp up Capt. " exploded jetty system. e ———s An Eleotric Light at Sea. New York Graphic. Another collislon ut sea between two steam- ers. Oue huudred aod ity drowned. These aceidents suceved each other with fearful rapld- ity. Is sea-travel now really safer than it was 100 years azo! Bhoals und fieadlands are betier guarded by lights tban formerly. But the wprd's ships ate doubl d perbiaps quadrupled L uuwber, Tuochauees of colllsion are greatly ——— A 1iride Abducted on Mer Wedding-Day by eor Father, Harrisbury (Va.) Latter, to Haltimore Sun, In the Rockiogham County Court, Judee '¥errall presiding, a trial has just taken placo Inyolving tho fact of the coercive atxluction of o bride from hier bome, on the evening marriuge, by b ‘The fac df ou tha Irlul, wure substantially o ard M, Bharcr, & {”‘"“ widower and fariner, resid- fojz u few milea from this place, on tha Jith of Heptember last married Miss Dora Bharer, who was & flrst cuusin, being the danghler of his unele, M, Qeorge W, Snarer. ‘Thuv were regu. larly married, tho bride belog of pge und eutl- tled to chouse fur berself. After getting mar- rled, tho bride and groom went from Lhe preach- er's 1o Mr. Bharer's resideuce, and about 10:30 1 o'clock at uight, just before retiriug, the de's father made bLis appearunce. [le came {u abruntly, Indulged u soma rather vigon ous English, got futo violent colllsion with s nephew and new-made son-iu-taw, and ended by orderiog Lis duughter to home with him, ana copelilug hier to get on his Lorss bebind Lim, A warraut was issucd for tus arcest_at the time, but [rieuds ot the partlesinterested them- seives, and o was balled tu unswer au ludict- wment which was found sgainst hin: for s siuple case of gssault and Lattery upon hia sou-iu-law, with fotent to kill, distigure, waim, etc. 'The bad fecliog creuted at thotime of the ocuirrency haviug been removed, the vurties Diost Interast- ed wers lo a compromuing sud coucilistury mood at the trial.und the Comwouwealth's at- torney had to sbandon au active sud vigorous prasceution, The defense bad puiployed enl- nent counsel, she Hou, J. T. Harris, Cavt, Joun Paul, sud Craoville Eastham, Easq., whilst Capt. (1, G. Grattau represcuted the State. Conswder- able interest was manifeated fu the trisl, s Jarge wpumber of persons listenluk 1o the testimouy aud specches of counsel with great cageruess. "The urnr in asbort time returned a verdict of acquittal, coucluding that & case of this kind might be compromlycd by the ties alrectly luterested, without the lutervention of thy law, him, witlh dden enthusiasm, and uttered those fumous words which have ouly within the last year been inscrived on the portais of the universitv ou the shiores of tho Pacliie; estward the course of empire holda its way. Burke, in his magniticent speeca on tho Aer- Jean' Cdlonfes, whilst deseribing them 8a “u ficrca peopla who were atill, as it wery, but In e geioie, and not yet bardened futo the bone of mankiug,” could not louk at their growth without marvel, and when ho spokeof them was constrained to say, **Let us suspleste all our procecdiugs on America with the old church cry, Sursumn corda.”! We inay frosly grant that thcse predictions, linpressive as they are, do ot of necessity carry with them thewr own tulfll- mient. There have been predictions evenof & nore sacred character withi regard to thy for- unes of & fur_more sacred people, which bave hitherto failed of their [ull accomplishnent be- cause tbe nation of which they were spoken knew not the thne of ber visitation, and heard tho Divine call with closed cars and hardencd heart, But the peculiarities of Ameridun bie- tory oo whith I bave dwelt give ut leust some eubetance to these lofty dreams, Woen we sce how young, LOW = UCW. how primitive is the form of American history and Awerican soclety, it reveals 10 us tho poasl- bllity—oay the probabllity—tbat there ls stiil & long courss to be run, that the foundation of threo States is, as Penn sald of Penusylvanis, 8 noble experiment which it depeads upon thein- selves under God to secomplish or torutn, The very defocts and sborwomiogs of the present are, U not a pledge, an lncoutive 10 whai may yer bo fu store, Of thicsedefeces I donot speak. ‘Fhey are suficloutly set forth ln the teemiug columus of the American journals. Maoy of them belong to what I bava veutured to call the medkeval, the infantine state of American e, ot of them hevoalready faded away before the touch of superior clvillzation from thicir uwn Easteru Stutes,—some bufors the criticlim of forelgners,—some of them are flagraut stitl. But whether recently extlact or yet ousubdued, they are clements of & soclal coudition, tut toward which the civilized wurld 1a advancing, but from which it has escaped, or 18 escapiur century by century, A MIMILE PROM NIAGARA, Aond In thus cumpariug the growing Listory of the present with the possible bistory of thi Suture, way [ be aldowed to tsy o Lrure wbich 1 The Sliver Quastion, To the Editor of The Tribune, Dixonw, 11t Dec. 30,~1 have been s resder of Tan Tiwens for sume time, and bave read with wutercat nesrly all your articles ou the sil- ver question, Alttiough I have never folt that It deyolved upun mo 1o give advico to 8 great newspaper ke Tuz TRIBUXE, your suswer t@ T. ¥ i, Falrtleld, Ia., in Saturday’s paper, 80 tully met my views on the question that I thought I would write you s few loes to lnform you that there is ous man out Lere thatl appreciates the coustant effort you sre wal u5 to beuetit the great wajority of the people of the West,~tie Juor men. 1f old nations lke France, sfter huudreds of yeurs of_sxpericuco, get alouk all rigut with (a8 you thirty fve-fraoc pleccs to our ons stau sitver dollar, why caunot wi uh.:l coln &t Jeast ten times as smuch ss we bave ready, and be as happy and pruapervus in pro~ portion as the Freuch! ' e cdn, aud every com~ mon-sense man kuows ity except thosa ones ot tho guld viug, aud they don't waas 19 koow ", Three good, bonest, hard-working. wea bhave cowne 1o 1o sice thls last cold susp Lo get a job ot work for thelr breakfast. Two ot the men wers Geringus and Ouc was an Americsn,—a Massachusests Yankee, It is pruity geocrally understood that when the last ol‘the aboves pawed wen canvot wake s Hving by workiog for {t, times are bard, aod chet thers must be somss thlug wronz, Yours bruwly, Yo A Ravolutionary Letter. The following lotter shows the lutensity of feellug which anhnsted the Colantits s the tlwe of the Revolutivui PmiLaveLruia, July G 1775.—r. Strakan : You are a tacuber of Farilament, and one uf that