Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 3, 1878, Page 11

SHICAGO T UESDAY, DisCis 3, I87e—~TWILVis PAGE 1Y 11 e wetl protected by subordinate officars con- pected with the moreimportant districts tn the aame region of country, and with considerablo savlng of expensc, Under Sce. 253 0f the Reyised Statutes, the gecrctary of thy Treastiry may discontinue any Setof delivery tho revenas recelvei at which Hors not smount to the sum ot $10,000a year. It ts recommenderd that authority he given, alao, Ly aholtsh ports of entry where the receipts do ot mmonne to thesum specltied,—placing aubor- dinate oflicerd, if necessary, at auch poris, 1o by sttached to other collection districta; or to con- goldate 150 vF more districts, should 1t be found desirable. "Attention 18 called to tho report of the Chlef of the Special Agents, showing the nature and character of the dutles performed by them dur- fme thie past vear. “The hinportance of this serv- jec 1s manifested fn_the economy and efllclency produced by the efforia of theso Agents, who, peine generally familise with the customs-gery- jve, are able to discuver snd check irregularitics, nd to detect and preseat [rauds. EXPORTS AND IMPORTS, The rold values of the exports of merchandise from the United Btates, and imports of mer- chandise into tho Unitea States, during the fast fisesl year, a8 appears from returns made to, sod compiled by, tha Buresu of Etatistics, are o8 followa: s port uf domestte merchandise, FiPoTia ot ‘turetgn merchandie. . $0%0, 700, 204 o M E06, 409 " ool ey ot af exporta e ssssoe e e, eta,200 Compared with the previous year, the impor- {ations are lcss by 814,271,5H, and the exports- glons greater by §42,800.5(6, The snnusl avernze of the excess of Imports over exports of merchandise, for the ten years ended June 30, 1873, was $104,706,922; but, dur- {og the last three years, there has been an ex- cess Of CXDUTLS over luiporls, as follows: in 1570, $T0.08h 4513 In 1877, §161,165094; sud 10 T, §057,314,281, “Tue total amount of exports and Imports of ecie aud bulljon, duriug the last fls al year, bas been aa follows: Farorts of specte and bullion. 01, 408, 60 i\ 437,001,632 Importsof mer: Taiporta of specie and builion, 9,521,314 Fxcessof exports over imports, $3,01R,811 The importation of apecle and bullion was Jess tham for the preceding year by $10,038,100, yad the exportation lesa thaa for the preceding yesr by SEAZ 112 “Ihe excess of siich oxports over Imports has decreased from $71,231.433 n 1575, to $8,918,« 511 In 1878, 03 above stated, ‘Ihe excss of exports over fmports of wmer- chandise, during tho first four months of the current Liscal year, amonuted to $31,415,477, sud, durlog the curn:sgmdhlz months of the last fls- <l year, to only €34,205,076, During the first four months of the Jast flacal year there Was a1 excess Of cxports over im- jorte of colu sud bullion amounting to 83,430, 47, whereas, during the tirst four months of the current tiscal year, thera has Decn au excess of fmports over“exports of coln and bullton amounting o & 5,852 —making a change o \ale resuect of $0,750,660, The total gold value of exports of domestic merchandise from the United States has in- crensetd fronn $260,380,000 1n 1668 to $050,700,208 1n 1578, —an jucrease of 153 per cent, With ane or two uaimportant exeeptions, the United States standa alote ainong the commer- clal nattons of the globe with respect to the ex- 068 Of €XPOFts OVEr it} orts, ‘The increase in our cxports vonsisted mainly of brendstuffs, provisions, agricultural imple- ments, fron and manulactures of iron, copper snd manufacturcs of conper, manufactures of cotton, leather ond manufactures of leather, and petrolewn, Tye oxportation of tiic manufsctured articles referred ta increased fromn $14,287,450 in 1808 tu 17,250,863 [n 1873, Many lhnly-wrought products of American mevnfacture, previously exported In very small quantitios, or not at all, now find profitably warkets {n forelzn couotries: snd certain of keso commodities are now belog exported to countries from which, & few years ago, they were largely fmported into the United Btates. Many branches of industry are now feeling the quickening_influences ot a forelgn demandy and the vossibility of successfully competing fn tho markets of tho world with somo ot our old- et commercial and wenufscturing rivals, 18 a gource of the highest encouragement and of confldence fn the future. Of tho exports of domestic morchandisa duriog the_vear, tho products of agriculiure comprised 77 por cent, and vxceeded the entira valuo of our finports of all classes ol merehau- diss from forelgn countries. , The cxgpm of these products have risen from A33,855073 In 1873 Lo 3538,080,001 In 1678, and tbe capacity for thelr further fucrease would :«m 1o be lmited only by tho demnnd there- o, . In connectlon with the inrrcase of our ex- ports, attention 1s fnvited to the decrease of our toports of merchandiso from $H2136,210 for llzf!.;‘ when they reached thelr moximum, to 1,530 for” 1578,—a decraase of §205,084,- ts decrease of imports conafsted chiefly of cotton, flax, oud silk, of wool wanufuceures u: lou}, and of iron sud steel and manufactures tereof, Of tho latter, the Importation of rallroad-bara of fron and stoel decreased from 505,821 tons in 157 to 13 tons fu 1878; but their product In the United States incsessed from 3, 141 tons during the Hva yeara from 1847 to 1671 60 4,050, 30 tons during tho flve years from 1578 to 1577 wd from this product” has been suppliod the dcmand for such bars necessary for thu exten- slon and renewal of raiiroads, of which thercare ‘0 operation 79,000 miles. ALASKA. Amicable relations have, generally, been sus- fatned between the Indlans aud whites In the Tetritory of Alaska during the past year. Bome outrages have, however, oceurred, and tha Col- lector of Customs at Sitka states that bloody outbreaks wmay be appreiended at any time, o consequence of the meabs now existing for pro- ductng jutoxieating Nquor, and from the lack of au?' organized government in the 'lerrltur{. L fs recommended that suthority be canlerrad Departiient to prevent the shipment Ttory of inolasscs, or vther articles trom which futoxicating lquors sre ordiuarlly asde, The condition of slfalrs there also®du- wands the establishinent ot same form of gov- ernment competent to restraly dlsorder and In- safeey of tho dnhebitunts, No expen- temn ls necessary ;s but tho entabliahment ol some supremo puthority for thoe ‘Ferriiory would tend to wucourage lmmigration, and insure protectton 1o those who may %0 there. At prescot, the only officers eserclsing any suthority os the nain-gnd sre the Collector of Customes at Sltka snd his subordinates, uud thetr authority {s confined to tue excention of the Customs laws. There s Lutlittlo customy-businces transicted In the erritory, and it (s posaible that the additlonal authority necessary might be wiscly conferred upon these oflicers. The Alusks Commercial Company, under its lease of the seal islauds, has taken durlog tho present season the maximuwm number of 100,000 sklus atluwed by law, upon which the tax due the Uovernment §s §243,600, which, with tho Tental of §55,000, wilt” make & total revenuo of 7,500 derived from that source. The Aluska Commercial Company appeors to have talthully complied with ail the couditiona of its coatract Wit the Goverument, INTERNAIL REVENUE. The receipts from the several sources of taxa- tios under the luternsl Rovouuy laws for the fucal years ended, respectively, June 80, 1877, sud Juge 80, 1873, are sown {n the follawing tabuler statement: Fw&w ISt 0 e = A S H it B 4 ; DALY RACYE LLTCILAVE B Y B x?fl_fl anount of colleciious extibited in tuo uul-v.uw;; tavle fucluded comimniaslons on sules g s, paid In kud, ae well as certadu sund wlleted, bul kov uepoalted duilng ez ae- #pertire fiacal yeara. An apparent discrepency {a thus eattred betseen the amounts of collec- tions eiren In the tsblo anid those sbown by the coyering-Warrants of the Treasnry, By comparing the luternal revenue for the fiscal year terminated in June Jast with that for the fiscal yenr ended June 30, 1877, it will be scen that there has been & decrease during the past year of nearly $4,000,00, and that of thls amotnt upwards of $7,000,00] arose in_the col- lections on spirits, owing to csuses which have been already miverted to. The needs of the public service require that no reduction of internal-revenus taxes be made. ‘The commodities fromn which thointeral revenue ia mostly collected, uamely: spirits, tobacco, fermented Jiquors, and stamps, st those whicll propurly bear the' burden of tha taxi and the presentrates are, in tho main, eaultable and satisfactors, and to them the trade in those commoxlities haa become adjusted. Any change in these rates, or sgitation of change, disturbs the course of business, and s prejudicisl both to denlers and the revenue. Btability In the fates of taxation Is, in view of the present con- dition of the country, especially desirabla. The number of Collcctot at present, 120, COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION: The total tonnage of vessels of the United Btates is 4,312,704 tons,—a dscresse of 20,830 tons from that of the fiscal year ended June 80, 187, 'The following table exhibits the total tonoaga for Lthe laat two years: | Wimiem Ai88=em Tone,~ Vo, Fonr, Tegfstered,engag- ed in tarelgn trade,... . Enrolled and H- vened, engaged In dumestice sine TEFCE. 0eies 10023709 2,871,407 22,227 3,383,717 Totlrve eure T,000 4,342,000 5,200 4,213,700 The decrease in the total tonnags fs exhibited in tho followlug table: 2,088 1,611,193 3,037 1,629,047 Increase, Veraels bullt, e Wracked end rabii tmadoed. o Lo by rcadniessus not documented., rotaliuereesenses 1,881 205,623 The tonnage of vessels built fs about 53 per cent fn’ excess of that of lust year. By reference to the foregoing table, it will be scen that the excess or the lossea of tonnago by wrocks, sales to forcigners, and other causes, over the galns by bullding, amounts to 20,830 tons. On the other band, the Increase of ton- nage in vessels buflt is about 80 per cent over’ that of last year. But the number of vesscia bulit tncludes only such as bave been docu-’| mented, snd does riot embrace vessels buflt and sulil to foreigners without regiatration. The vessels built during the year ended June 80, 1578, sro clusscd as follotvs: Numder, Tonmage, 2 100,160, 51 81,830,680 [ 1 11004.50 Liarge 879 4%06400 The discrinination belween boats and barges, not propelled by sall or steam, which aniscs from the operation of the act of April 18, 1874, stlll cuntinues to cxist, to thio great embarrass- ment of the Department. Under the construc- tion which it has been considered necessary to give to this statute. ono class of barzes, thst are partially employed in the internal wators of n State, 18 txempt from cnroliment and Jicense, whilo othier vosscls of shinllarstructure, employ- od exclusivelv on the navigable waters of the 1Unlml tates, arcrequired to be onrolled and cansed, This discrimination ls perniclous, snd should not be permited to exist, But'lsce no practi- ca) remedy for it otbier than by reatrictiog the fssne of caroliments and licenscs to vessela pro- pelled by sall or steaus, A billto that eflect has already recelved the favorabla consideration of one branch of Cungress. ‘Tlio total nummber of entrics of vessels luto ports of the United Btates from foreign coun- trios, as returncd by the Burcau of Btatistics, during the year endeil Juns 80, 1878, was 80,7005 ol these cntries, 10,594 were of American ves- sels. Tho tutal number of clearances forelzn, during the ssme time, was 31,3643 of this nuin: ber, 10,872 were clearances ot American vessel Of the total tonuags thus entercd, about 25 per cent was American and 75 per cont forelgn; of the total number of clearances foreign, about L'i’l per cent Was Amerlcan and 74 per cent for- efgu. STEAMBOAT-INSPECTION, Duriug tho past year therc have been lo- spected 4,137 steam-vessels, of an aggregate tonnage of 1,017,403.03 tons, and lccnses have been (ssucd to 14.450 oflice "Tho total recelpts from the Inspection of ve scls and lcensing of aflicera amounted to 837, 70:3,85, and the total disbursemcnls for salarie: and travellng and other cxpenises were 8316,- ;.‘4!]).!};,—1“\'!“ s surplus upexpended of §30,- 154,20, REVENULE-MARINE. ‘The thirty-seven veasels of the Kevenne-Ma- rloe have erufsed during the year an aggregato of 233,505 milcs, and thelr officers have Loarded and examined 81,000 vessels, of which 2,000 were fouud to havo violated tbe law in somo particular, nnd, accordingly, were reported to the proper suthoritics or sefzed, One buudred snd ninety-two vesscla wrecked or in dlstress, with an mgzregate of 020 persous on board, hava besa asalated, The estimated value of proporty saved, vonslsting of thesc vessels and thelr cargoes, js about $1,700,000. Ooe hundred and forty-Lwo persons have been saved from drowuing. Ttw expensos of tho service for the last fiscsl year were §344,001,70. Under the law passed at the last session of Congress, fifteen officers of the Revenuc-Murlne Lave been detaflod for duty fu connection with the Life-Saving Service, In addition to thcso seryices, such olficers aro required, whenever practicable, to perform thelr regular dutics. Speclal services bave been rundered by the yossels of the Reveuue-Marina (n sssisting the United States Cointnissfoner of Fish and Kish- cries in the'prosceution of his Jabors} inplactug buovs and transporting supplies on tho Pacilic Coast for the Light-flouse Establishment; In aidinug the officora of tho Government to recover ttuber wrongtully taken from the public reser- vations; and i conveyni to the life-saviug atations thelr supplies und vutfits. To maintain the public peace on the maln- Tand, and enforee tho laws and regulations rel- ativa to tho seal-fisheries and sea-utter buntiog- grounds, LWo revenue: iers were detalled to vrubse_fn the Aluska yeglou the past seasou, Quo of then), thia Richard Rush, remaiued dur- ng the season fn the region of the seal fslands, Tho reports recelved frown the commsnders of theso veusels ehow that thelr presence is etfect- 1ve in accomplivbing the object sought, Mimug tions upou thio Btikens Hiver are reported and to have attrucred to that locality & Jargge uuwber of miovrs, The reveuue-cutters which cau bo made avail- able for scrvice in Alaska were not desigue originally for such long yoyages as this work requires, snd are not well adapted Lo this cruls- fjug. Should Cobgreas deem it advisableto con- tinue sucl service, n vesacl lpeclll:[v i perform tho duty should be provide A fowol the vider veasels of the Reveuuo- Mariny will soon need exteusive repalrs, Some of them are &:ruvhled with machinery of tho old patterns, and ars expeneive in the wnmmftlnn of fuel, It Is believed that to replacs them with pew vessols, of improved desigo, wonld be true econoiny, ‘the_recommendation, contained (n the last anoual report, for sn appropristion of §23,000 to provide 8 how v I foruse in the shoal waters upon the Gulf Cosst, botween Luke Font- chartrain sud Mobilo Bay, Is reuewed. LIFE-BAVING S8ERVICE, The report of the Genersl Superintendent of thw seivice exhibits the ususl grstifylog re- sulls. The statlstics of tbe past year show that the cascs of dlsaster have bevn more numerous aud severs than durlng any yeor of the existence of tho service. The number of dlsasters to veascls reported by the Superiutendents of the soveral distrivts during tho Uscal yoar ls 169, Theso yessols had on board 1,611 persons, of whom 231 werg lost, Of tlis Jaster number, 163 pr- tabied at the wrecks ol the Hurou and Metropo- lis, Threo hundred and ulnéty shipwrecked persobs were .cared for at the statlons,—s13 ays of surcor beluy aforded thens, “Tho value of pruperty Involved way 3,622,885, of which $1,004,U75 was saved, and §1,527.560 Jost, ~there Laviug been tizy-uiue loxtauces of the tutal loss of vesicls aud cargoes, Five of tls fatul disus- rred ot scasous when tho wp- ot adinft of the stations bo- aud (wo at such distunves 1o preveut varly sud il vleut asslstutice,—vouditions whicl bud repeat- edly been pointed uut by the ofticer Jmcdlate- Iy charge of the eawblisbusient, as defvecs ¢alliug lor remredy, and lizely 10 luvolve caluui- tous tomeguencod. 31 pllowpute s nade lor partial failuee 2o suve lfe lu thesw coses, the Rortvary recond i sisalicy, fu projortion 1o the number of dissaters abd ¢he nuwber of Jives ju- pesticd, thal 10 auy DIYVIOus yiar sloco the en- largeuneut of tbe ticls of ovurativos uf tho eatablishinent ynder tho legtalotion of 1874, 1n the reven disusters referred 1o 197 nereons per- faisted, Seuvilia b suse ol lafe where Lo elurty twenty-four. pasatile. tion, of the service were nat thny trammeled ‘The report of the (iencrul 8aper- tntendent gives fn detail the circumstances at- tending the lusa of ail the lives referred to. Sinca the pansage of the act of June 18, 1878, providing for the extenston and thie service, measures for carry! this legislation have been purated as rapldly Thirteen new stations bave been erected, and most of them manned for service, upon the coasts of North Carolinn and Virginia, st three upon the cossts of Delaware and Mary: land, at poluts especially needlng this prote Bites have heen sclected for all the st tlona desizaated by the act on the sea and Jak consts, with one exception; and titles for theso have been aecured, except in one instance. The establishment of the contemplated stationsupon the Gulf const has been delayed by the preva- lenee of yellow-tever at the Souths but steps have becen taken for the commencement of work development of Ing into effect eacly in the apring upon theas and tho other statlona authorized. “Tho orwanization of the Hife-boat service upon the Lakes has heen piaced upon & better footing than before; and this, to- yether with the earlier opening ot the statlons for acrvico at il points, bas had the effect of saving many lives, during the late mututnnal slorms, which would othurwise have heen lost. A cotys of efficient Keepers have been sccured under the operation of tne provision for the fn- creass of thelr compensation, snd they have been duly clothed with the powers of fuspcetors of Customs, their adiled dutics n regard and have recefved auch {natructions .as will cosble them o perform satisfactorily to the protection of the revenue and of private property. The recent examinations of the Keepers and crews show that the detall of Ravenuo-Marine ofilcers as Assistant Inspectors in Lhe several districts has resulted {n thelr lmpravement in personnel and discipline. The great good which this scrvice has sccom- plished in recent ears, and the marxed prog- ress which it s makiug, amoly jmul‘{ tenaton of §1s powers and resourees, an! this cx- promise still greater uscfulness {n the future, corre- sponding to the aid It may recolye from foster- Ing legisiation. LIGAT-MIOUBE ESTABLIRIIMENT. Durlug the last fiscal year, eight ncw lght- houses, 161 river-lights, one fog-aignal, filty-ono Jay-hescons, and forty-seven buoys have been cstablls ed, and oue light-house, sixty-four river-lights, and two lighr-ships have been dis- continued. The total at the close of the year " was 060 1ight-houses, 630 river-lights, 22}licht-shipa, 55 steam fog-s'gnals, 471 day-beacous, sod 5,003 buoys, ‘Tho Board has commonced using the mineral ofl fu the smallee lights on tho New England cosst, and by the end of the year it {s expected thiat this ofl will be ased in all fourt, 0 "The F pleted, tho lights of the fth, and sixth orders located on land, awey Rocks light-house has been vom- and fenow In operation. It mives the anticipated protection to sbipping in the more dangerous part of the Florids reots, When the light-housy for American 8hoal 1s completed, thesa reefs will be thoroughly lighted. The lights on the Western rivers glve great satiafaction to s}l intorested in the river com- merce, kept, The lizhtin; Hght-house system., ‘Chey are cconomicaliy and ;hurnnaw A new lantern has ‘been lutroduced, which protects the light from wind and rain, and at tha sama tims lesaena Lhe obacuration, of theso rivers bos now falrly pagsed through the stage of experiment, and may be considercd as forming = part of the "The Dapariment, aswell as the whole scientiflc world, has suffered a great loss by the deatl, during the past year, of Prof. Joseph Honry, Rear-Admiral Jolin Chatrman of the Board, Rogers bas been selocted to 1l the Chair thus vacated. COAST-SURVEY. Au abstract of the report of the Superin- tendent for the present year shows that the work In [te seversl branches has been advanced at upwards of 100 localities on the Atleatie, Gulf of Mexlco, and Pacific coast of te United Btates, and at geodetic points onland, ‘The results of this important National Survey fnclude, smongst wmany Intricate Uetalls, the accurate marking on charts of tho dangers that besct pavigation, and of the soundings wenorally ia our sea-approaches, of all light-houses, buoys, sea-marks, and life-saving stations In true posi- tlon, and the variatlon of the compass; sun the glving of exact information respecting tides and currents, and the position srd aspect from tho sea of objects that serve as alds to the tnariner. Informatian the composs, respoctiog likg all marina fleld-work. the varistion of features represented on the charts, depends greatly upon ‘The determinaiion of the curves of equal compass variation for the use ot muarioers along the cosst van a combination of the resull be well ascertained ouly by obtalned hy ob- gervations at sea and at statlons In the interlor of the country, 8o, also, const-}ines for charts of consideratile extent can bs corrcctly traced only from inland points precisely known fu ro- Iation to_each other} and ol these upwards of 10,000 havo beea finafly determnined i latitude aud Toogltude, For present aod future uses thu posltions aro marked in the ground, and tho Tocality of each s deserlbed inthe records of the Burvey. 1t will be readily seen that work for the coast developmeut the Interior, scrves very important purposcs fu ¥rom that quarter calla are fro- quent for exact goographical positions on which futitre Stats surveys may bo founded, Much of the field-work fuvulves computation requiring in tho oitice the hichest abillty, From long-continued tides'ure computed at the offl a year fn_advance. mathematical In each year datn of special fmportance for public usce aresupplicd from the computing division. “The coast topouraphy, m far as completed, has been mapped on o scale sutfiient for any purpose, not only of navication, alt cases of eugliecrlug, and Is ¢ 1,400 sheets. 1,880 sheota. but for wvearly opresanted by Tho soundings aro contulned ou Many of the topucraphleal and bydrographic sheets are yearly lu requcst when local or barbor improvoments are under consid- eration. As heretofore, closs relations sro malataived betweon this and other branches of the public setvice, especlally with tha Navy, the Engincer Department, and tho Lizht-llouse Board, ‘e Coast-Survey Office Is the depoattory of the staudard weights and mcssures of “tho Unfted States. Copics there coustructed have been supplied to many, and are belug supplicd to others, of tho Status and Territories, and to tiho Custom-Houses, as rapldly as the appropri- atlon for the purpose witl permit. ‘Tho comn- parisons are made with the orlginals by meth- ods which meet every requiremont for exuct- ucas. THE MARINE-HOSPITAL SERVICE. ‘The Burgeon-General of the Marlne-flospital Bervico reports 18,223 slck aud disabled seamen cared for durioz tho year ended June 80, 1678, —~—the pumber exceedlog by 1,415 the largest number relleved {u avy previous year. As In the preceding year, there was again & mall surplus of recelpts oves expenditures, as shown by the statement of the Traasury— Tho_rocelpts covered {nto the Treasury bo-' ANFi e Leaving usexpended. the Jpwest aud $15.87 I ulshed has ateadily fmproved. On the basis of txponditures as hero stated, the averago percapita cost of tho rellef fur- nishied was $20.04,—which is less by 84.18 than age cost for any previous year, s than the wverugo lor 1370, At the same tiwe, the character of the rellet fur- “The Natlonal Quarsutine sct, with the execu- tion of which the Burgeon-Genes was passed so lato fo tho last & uut its Drovistons could uot be made, without the cxpenditure of mune By the ald of voluntary wulrtl):fiuom. al vestietion as to tho cause of the yeliow- is charged, un of Cou- gress that the spuropriation necessary to carry Notwith- stundiog the fct, everytiiog bas beeu done under the sct which cuuld be sccomplisied epidomic of 1878 bus been undertuken, under the direction of the Surgcon-Uenera, by u Com- inission of cxperts, whose report will by sub- mtted to Congress. ‘I'he atteution of Cougress is called to tle expediency of requiring by Jaw au examivation of the ullicers ol this service us o requisite to tueir apootment. ‘Thu Becretary icuews the recounendstion scversl times mady to thut cifect, T'ha metric system of welghts sud measures has been sdupled sor medical sud phaguaceut- ical purposus fu the scrvice durlug tuu year No cmbarrasament hes resulted from gduptive. ——— PUBLIC BUILDINGS, surinz.—some of thesy therelor. fts ‘The report of the SuperylslugjArchltect shows a satlsfactory prozress {n gue coustructioy ol the public bulldlugs, Durfoz the yesr, four bulldings bave been cowwmenced, seyen bave been practically completed, and five others wru so fur advauced Lhat they wlil be coupicted by latter comlderably within the esthustes and sppropriativus madu lu addition to the work of con- atraciion, necessary vepairs huve becu m uoun varwus public buifdings uuder the cootrol of this Deparcment, vf which therg aro 134, Dusldes tuoss fu coarse of erection. vaults aro briug coustrusted for tac silver duilurs 8t ths dub-Treasuri toru e fu Larss e ol New York, azgre Treas thirty pl Ivcu uavy, mitte How story sons | narri erat ¢ the corre they from aud 1 in their deut ta suppl tuak then fled b Nort! Tl § sulf, band turn ey, ory. In J.C. the for uot, fuuul freed “fa ‘The detnils pertaininz to the rental of bulld- ings and roows for officers of Customs, Buper- vising and [ocal Inapectors of steam-vessels, and Ansistant Treasurers, are under charge vf the Sunervising Architeets and be reports that the number of huildings and nortions of bufld- ingza renterl for these piirposes fn 183, the aggre- gate rental of woich is 8140,878 per aonutn. In clcsing his annual report, the Becretary deems it proper to call attention to the great varisly of Jurisdiction jniposed by law upon the by act approved Sept. 2, 1789, it has been placed in charge of the commerce and navigation of the country: of a ravenue-martne, consitiong of in toe preventlon of smuggling and the assiat- ance of distressed and wrecked vessels; of the engraving, orintlog, and redemption of United Btatea notes: of the collection of commercial and other statistics$ and of the constructionand custody of public ouildiogs. It has alio the exclusive supervision of the Na- tional banks, of the Lighi-House KEs- tabilshment, the Const-rurvey, the Life-Saving Service, and the Sarine-Ioapital Bervice,~together commmlnfi . duties requiring the highest akill, le ity, and enterprise on the jartof Its oflicers. ‘The laws raiative to these matters have been ministrotion of the business of the Depari- ment. It will, accordingly, be seen that the col- Jeetion and disbursement of publie revenues, and the settlement of the accouuta therefor, constitute a smnll part of the work of the D partment; and it would secm oproper that the persons performing dutles so varied and impor- tant ahould have a tenure of oftice terminable only for canse, as §s the case in the arny and vuy a8 a reward for long-continued and fafth{u! service. The gencral conduct of the officers of this Department has heen exomplary, and probably no service presents a better record of responsi- ble trusta falthfully and bonestiy discharged, ‘The several reports of the fleads of Burcans and Divisions are Lerewith respectfully sub- The Von, Sanverd. IAXDALL, Speaker of the 1louse of Representatives. to Change I'artners, and How the Gams Was Frust Party with Mer Little Pistol, EvAXsVILLE, Ind.. Nov, 27.—A very slngular one of the most wealthy and arlstocratic sections of Western Kentucky, scd an Enguirer repre- sentative, who devoted ten days to an Investiza- tion, has uneartbed some uatonisbing facts, At Hobard's Statton, alittie raliroad sillage four- teen miles frow kendersoo, haveresided for gen- crattous o fawmily named Arthur. One uf the younger representatives, Nathun Arthur, owned adrug-stere lu the village, and sone years ago uet Arthur, Bhe wus very young then,andis uow only 21 yearsof aze. Four years since o Dr. Brown moved to Ro- bard's Btatton fram Loulsvilte, Ky., bringlng with him o remarkably bandsome wife and sev- by the resldents of the villaga and " neighibur- hood, aud, being educated people, at once tovk a prominent position, him soon intiniaty with the Arthurs, and, as a consequence, the fanilies beeaine (ntimate, "Thus matiers ran ulong thres yesrs or more, Mra. Srown 18 abous 32, and young Arthur, who is o dashinz-Jooking fellow, is about U3, shiort thne azo it began to be rumored that Mes. Brown and Arthar were very fond of each otuer, and the womun did ot stfempt to couceal ft cvenfrom lier husband, Further, and tothe great astonishment of all, sceem 10 object, Arthur alone sceins Lo have been fnoraut of 1o visit several weeks scrive persuaded M, Brown wroto for bessclfl {n her fricud’s Jetters, came more intlinate (n tem and ono evenhug, whily driu 1a discuss thefr wives. futluence of liquor and emboldened. Finally, Brown told Arthur he had observed his fondness, Tor his (Brown's) wife, aud hiad nut objected, be: cause (Arthur's) wife. T stons, aud finally to & proposal to sawap wives, ond bofore they separated the srrangenicol was made. agreetnenis wers slgned: +*Tlove Mes. Arthur better than any hnman be- Ing on earth, and will never bo satisded witnout I Iive with her. awap, #0 belp me Uod, tor than any ood aupare as | on Judge: and the ono tha ba Toriwit $5. ¢ From this a further contract was drawn up for the women to sign. ‘Pnis i3 not to beon- tajned. It disposed of Brown's four cuildren, of whom three were to romaln with their father aud oue @o with Arthur, who had noue, ‘Tuese oreliminaries arranzed, they wrote to Srown at once agreed to the exchance. Mrs. Arthur was still lznorant of tho arrange- ment, and was ta be approacied. Brown at once Legan to writo her love-lctters of the moat ar- by hier own husband. She fudignautly destroved the missives, and did not speak of thele contents Arthur. lier phiucograph was removed from her albun oud Mrs, Hrown's (nserted in its placa, shio #puke to bor husband, und ho told ber ail, askine her to consent to the exchange, and that she would nccompany Dr, State. Sho Indlznantly retased, and when next day he avuin inmsted, sud produced the cou- tract for her slgnature, she went 1o her desk, leavs sho would slioot b and Brown. Bue man, who came to Robard's Btution at once. Browt and his wife had fed, bowever, sod Just Friday Arthur disposed of nls avertook Bin heve, und e lu six weeks, and was ullow, Thess tacts were wlven by Mrs. Artbur bor- Cumpbellite or Chrlstiun Churel, anid thy let- gh’uu tu the local wineter, wua buried them, ut repeatod the above aurcemiouts froim mem- Nore,—~The above names are fctltlous, but the sctual parties oxist real namnes through dof of the petition of person aud estute of Lizic T, Naliton, widow of W, C. Hulston, deccased, was contmued untll Fridav, Nov, 20, ut 3 o'clock, ‘The contliuance way granted, vn the motion of the petitloucrs, Becauss of tho abeouve of W. their counsel, who 13 vno of tae delegates tv the Constitutloual Convention uuw to Itouert Harrison, retatned by Mrs, Ralston, au- voupted sl os fully reudy to proceed with aistent arguments th suggestiug thaty beeause of the ot suadion Huuaue vention shall have brougul 1urth semetbing in tha way of u Cobst.tution and bleasea sing ale, to ke any stutu ceodiugr, bub avers tiat (Cthere bad ever auy dunger that Ll wied lu the bes socic flous Labit, §t Las lone come aud hali-forocte: specially s mitnagement of ber own private foriuue should L tust, o ddu g tley wlil with Fhiladelphls, and 8an Francisco, the ate cost of which miil be shout 813,000, OFFICIATL SERVICE, ury Department. Since Ity organization, -seven steam and safling vessels, engaged of el- diversit arning, IYd emented by regulations and decisions, and mbincd form an sdmirable system for the on and that provision be made for increased d. JONN BNZRUAN, Serretary of the Treasnry. STRANGE STORY. ‘Two Men and One Womnn Attempted ted by the Indignant Foarth Disgatch ta Cincinnati Knguirer, has Just come to tha knowledge of per- iviug do the neighborhicod of Henderson, ed bis fiest coustn, a daughter of Emman- bildren, ‘They were hospitably recelved Brown's practice made Dr. Brown did bLut vald Mrs. claborate ottention. not Arthur M, most stood. and, beloro her woat with Mrs, Brown n llnols. Walle there apondence was kept up with the busbands feft behind, Mrs. Arthur, betog s poor Broan towriteher letters ranspires now that Al ictation. It made love to the husband, the mneantiine the husbonds at home be- ry bachelorhood, tegether, bogan Both soon ot under the e had ‘concelved a fundness for his led to maudlin confes- Next day they wmet, sud the following BROWN'S IPROFESSION. 1 awm in earvess, and wiil make the Wasi. L. Browx,'" AUTIUI'S AGUEEMENT. am willing to awap. 1 1ove Mre, Brown hot- else, snd | am Iy earnest, just tiny oo thie varrel, as God ks out Oreb MaTTREW AuTi wives to retnen, and, on srrival, Mrs. dosctivtion. Theso were convoyed to her Iu a few days shu obacrved that Then Brown, wio was well lled with this world’s goods, to anuther out a revulves, aud told bim if ke dld not informed her father, a slern and fearless drug-store and ion buzey to this city, wheoeo he went 1, ostensibly tu New York to sttend med- ecturca, Ilis wite opd father foliowed and romiscd to return to proceed. o moidest young womai, who savs her hus- wus led astray by driuk, and will soon sa- to kier. Both inen wers deacons in the elc,, written in the strunge lutrigue Were and we suppress the crence to the ladios, # A tho Probate Courl v A J, itatston, J, D, Fry, and Wadswurth for the guardiansnip of the 4y 1, L, Barnes, of casl heariny, ana it Was owlog 1o bis per- tho hearing was set the ¢ounaicl on the the zU:h uf the Constiutional Conveution, it be valled Gpou tu iove for 8 cone arom tung to thuo autl the sald Con- adjuurucd to 8 Mra. Halston declines us yet ut n regurd Lo the bro- becy asting encour- Lrowinz into 8 per- ¢ Lecomio un uver- liveuiug L she b Ul tu ace why the cuurts should Ler us u perdon from whom the risiio Hut uniy sowe otber ladics, buk pierable geatiemen of large fortuue, are ¥ permitted, th o state of ceuscless fuebri- leir own. court yesterday, u Liur was sald sbout there beis no lnveutory tlled of tue tate W, L. }m.um'- cetate, wnd 1 was expluined that he no estate, Baving travalerved all bls property Hatos Suarsi e day beluew bls deal GREAT BRITAIN. Financial Distress Among All Classes of Working= men, * Suflering, and Even Starvation, Btar- £ ing the Laborer in the Face. No Iopeful Drospects, hut Every Evl. dence of a Continulng Decline in Trade. Benoonsfleld's Foreign Polioy and Ameri- can Jompetition the Oanses of the Oommercial Depression, Are the Days of Britain's Manafactoring Oreal. ness Appreaching an End 7 Amretal Correspandence of TAe Tridune. Loxvon, Nuv. 18.~WIith & view to give your readers some fdes of ths Dritish workman's conditton just now, I have been lor a weck or two looking bita up. e Is not st oresent living in an earthly paradise, nor is he likely to during the coming winter, *A mnation of 34,000,000, who are enjoviug the two greatest biesstugs of civll life,—~justice aud lluerty,'” was the Pre- mier's description of the United Kingdom, last Saturdsy eveuing, at Quilghatl. Ho might with truth have sdded, that, of these 84,000,000, a considerable portion are now unable to enjoy elther of these blessings, simoly becauso they sre huogry. Unfortunately, however, Lord Beacansfield seems to have so litle sympathy with tbe hundreds of thoussuds wlo are now suffering the deepest distress, that he did not think It worth whilo to give them ooe word. Yet the distress {s growing to AN ALARMING EXTENT, snd reports from manufacturiog citics come in dally, telling us that exceptional measures of relief are Lelng taken. For five years the depression o trade has ex- isted, but it was never so apparent as now. Of caurse the opponents of the Disraeli Adminis- tratfon blame fts members, and attribute the comnercial troubles of Britaln to the perpetual state of uncertalnty caused by the diplomath Juzglery of tue political equilibriat who is at the head of the Government. Others bellove that the days of Britaln’s manufacturiog greatness sre about fintshied, unless the British workman will consent to s great reduction in wages, 8o that his cmployers may compete succesafully with tbe Amerivans, These philosophers say that thy strugele with American manufacturers bas been going on for live or six years,—Britlsh merchants during that time trylng to comply with the exactions of Labor-Unfons,~—and now they find ¢ 18 lnpossiblc to stop the march of Transstlaotic products into the markets of the United Kingdom, or to compete succcsafuily ot present wages. I am Inclinca tothe opiviou that DOTH CAvES have produced the present state of aMalrs. Tt certainly caunot be ateributed to purely politic- al reasons, for those who indulged the hove that the ratification of tlie Berln Treaty woula b followed by an iinmediate revival of tradein Euziand have been saaly disappointed, Ha far from there befug any hopeful prospect of tncreased activity fn trude, there ia evidence onevery side of contioued decline. Not a sin- gle furhace bas been put in bigst, nor a smgle spindle sct iu motivn, by the Berlin ‘Lresty. On the contrarv, dally, furnaces are belug blown out sud mills sre belnz atopped. From the manufacturing districts THE MOST OMINOUS REFORTS come to London with nearly every mail. On the banks of theClyde the choris of haminers grows tainter and foiiiter, At presout prices the ship- bullders flud it fimpossible to carry ou 8 pasiug business. The roar of the turnaces iu many of the maunfacturing districts is well-nieh husied, whlle in others the whirl of tha spindle uod the toom is sficaced fu the children's cry for bread. In Ashton-under-Lyne district, nearly halt the mills are stopped, und the remainder are run- nln:r short time: Whilo all the wihls fn the Old- ham district arc ot a stundatill, owiuz to a pruo- vosed reduction of 10 per ceut.” As for the tron and coal trade in the Minlond dleiricta, people are actually starving, Whole famities, T am told, go for days without food, and workmen have become so debilitated by Jong-continued privation thot they are UNADLM TO BNDURS PRYSICAL EXBRTION, Incredibia as this inay appear, 1 have sbundant testimony corroborating the siatements. In thu Tyne rezion, fow factories or colleries sre uven running on three-quarter thme. Every day for the last fortuleht there have been i pounced the succearlve reductions of 5 percent in the North Walos iron trade; a furttier dimng- nution of the workinz hours througnout Lanca- shire; B per cent in the Sheiield ron trade,— waking 173 per cent since January lastia een- cral reduction of 10 per ceot i tho Statfurd- shire and Dutham fron trade; uud another 123y pereenttaken from the Nortbumberland tincrs, who were carning searvely etousrh ta kees bady and soul together. All this does not mesn mery frugality in lving, but MARD, WITING PRIVATION, The Times puts the present wages of the Scotch minor at s Bd—USceuts—a day: but, for manths past, Tew have been working moro than throe- quarter time, When vou consider thut pro- visfons ors aetundly higher than in America, and that cluthing s not uch cheaper, yYou vau finagine what a wan with s fanuly can do vo sueh wages, But It 13 not from the manufacturing dtstricts alone that tho terribles storfes of suflaring and privation come. The erv of distre the homes of the aericultursl farmers of Kent ond Sussox have determined to reduco tho siready olserable wages of thele help from somethtig Nke #5 to & per woek, ‘The lsburcrs have o rike has beeu orderedd, aud tho r four vears aze will no doubr be renewed. ve hundred of ther thieatea to warch to London and srouse public fecliog, MUCR BAD PEBLING ia already creeplug nto the matter from the fact that th farusers, Snding the men unwilllog tu accept the reducod w are lacrealng the number of onders for ciction from Lue tutlages. Several have locreased tho reuts irom 02 conts & week to 8400, Notwlthstauding this, the men suem determined (o reslst,-~thoy clalining that toe propesed reduction will briuz them to the polnt of starvation. ‘Lhe excitement i tho re- ion fa dntense, In the Eust Kent district alone, nearly 1,000 men, women, sud cuildren have bees thrown upon tne funds of the Laborers’ Union; while fu Susacx the uumber is uot far short of 1,2N, Public mcutings aro befug Leld throughout the rexglon, to warn the wen aganst resistuoce,— the prominont spoakers et which ure cierzymen af the Church of Euztand. ilowever much the Taborer may be uppressed, the State-Churct sys- tem almodt comgols the clerey to TAKK $IDES AGAINST HIM, The land-owuers arc their * putrous,’ and they ure aleg the leaders of suclety 1o the rural dus- tricts. Efther the clergy uiuat snap thetr ugers at soclety, or thoy wust follow ther leader, eyen lu the starviug ot thelr parishioners. Hai a Heverend Prevendary—[ir. lirlscol—ait ono of thess mcetlngs, the other day: “Iv did not scem o him ihst 158 & week—sunpuse the laburer put Ju sl his tnio—was a Jow rato of witzes, ‘L bey waust remember that several arti- clrs uf foud wess clicsjies shau torwmerly, sud there was overy ludioation thab butcher's weat would soon be cheaper than was pow,—~from 10L o 1s 4d. However, be was afrahd that butcher's meut was llkely to ba aiways & delicacy or B FantLy I the workuigman's fainliy, rathier thun an articly of consumptio, —an the Hev. Mr. Gowering consotiugly told o crowd ot those sterving tarn-hauds, yesterday, that, * Wheo tuey could uot gt suiwal food, they could have focourss to vegolable fuud; aud that they could strencilien aud ioalutal their trames with vesetable fuod f they coul not get uny other. Ity for fmstance, o ook vattiea) must everytnlue tbat was uecessary o dlfe, A pound of 0atinval contalaed s much ol that yeculilr substance which wus necesrary lor the orination of thelr budles usa pound uf muat would. ‘Chey did not requirs buleucr's tmeat; vatineal was* uuite sutlliicnt 1o walutai thy powurs 4ud Lo sustutn the fabi) “Fhe clenymcy prosch 1o the laborers the ad- yisablilty vt IGAUSING TO BTALVE WITILOUT DYING, aud the patley of coatentment. ‘Tuodlvlve vi,2hts of the lavd-vwuesy ure sct buforo i die- sore oLMh suil, und the Leautles of yasaslsss Crscantud upou, sud practiced with sy odteose Of deat RULUR 8id Mrisesy that woald eveniuake u Fen'au thiuk iy corntrymen I the raral ots- trices of Trelaud had a préis, guod tinie 1o o~ patiuon to dbat ol fus E Lrotuer. As 8 easun for sisu tovemens, the formens ataty Luar tha wwuers of the aoll, duriug the it J —a valuavle artlle,~he found fn it al-* pas! flye or six vears, have Increased thelr rents nearly 15 per cent, and, owing to the low prica of eraln, they are now compelied to reaues tho urice of labor, or to appeal ta their lsndiords to convert arable into pastare land. Bo it Is all over the land, Farmers and labor- ers, mechanics and manufacturers, buiiders and workgen Jo iron, and hewera of coal, are living under a atate of financisl depression unknown even inour darkest times In Amerlea: and, were it not for the fact that the Isboring classcs of England have become impregnated with tales of commercial stagnation In the Unlted B':fitwu. 1 am sure the emigration-rush would ba q AS ORBAT AS 1T WAS A DOZEN TBARS 400, As an Instance of the deslre to immigrate to any couniry where they supvose they can better thelr condition, Mr. Henry Tavlor, the Inspector of Emigrants for the S8outh Austratian Govern- ment, advertised. the other Restiog that that portionof the cutertatnment b rastmed in the morning and on the floor ot the barn near by, Icould sesthat the negroes wanted to do some danmcing, but that they teognized the fact that they had already gona out of thefr usual course, and it ended there. The Colonel also mcelnlly submitted, but sly- 1y remarked that things were getting too nice for comfort {n his house since his daughters had returncd from boarding-school. We had breakfast garly, to enable me to sea the farm hefore train-time. One of the hlack house-#irls was the cook, who received six dol- Inrs per month, and who would be worth four tines this price to many Chicago families 1t they could secure her, Dut she had everything to do with: ncw milk, yellow cream, tho floest water] ever drank, frult fresh from tha earderts, and the brolled chickens of thelr own rafsiog. The farm, though a litzle rolling, all admitted of the usc of machinery i its cultivation, which ‘was targely made use of. The corn would prob- ably average fifty bushels per acre; the wheat was threshed, and yiclied twenty-two bushels per acre. There was no aale for tne apple-crop,~ thcy grew 80 abundantiy this year all through- out'the Valley, Potatoes averazed 125 bushels er gere, and were selling at 50cents per bushel, ‘e hutter was sent to Haltimore at price Yor the season of 82 cents. I ever seen 80 fine & herd of cows, some twenty- five In number, Not far from the house s spring of elegant water came out of the hiliside, giviog water enough Lo make quita s brook, and over this #pring the milk-house was built, and the milic was cared for bya black man, who mads tha butter, aud who proved by his works that he nceded uo directions. The house was a pattern of nestness, 1 was compelied to_leave on the train earller than I desired, but Isaw enough during m{ brief visit to coovince me thas this section of the Bhenandoah Valleyis es fine as that he would 2 MGenit'st Norfolli and_Nowcastie for four dayh to see agricultural laborers, pick-and-shovel men, and skilled mechanics, not miners, anxlous tatoll. Eachday theoffice was hesleged with applicants, many of whom piteously begged to berelected, and more than 10,000 went away unable to resch the office for the crowd, It (s true that Landon scaccely feels the gever- ity of the pressure; but its tarn MUST COME ERR LONG, for Landon cannot continue to be moderately prosperous while the manufacturing districts are sunk fn the deepest distress. A day or two ago. at the Manchester Chamber of Commerce, it was stated that, In tho Inst five weeks, there had been 190 Enziish and eighty Beoten bank- rupteles, twenty-nine winding-up notlees, snd 1,315 liquidations. No hope was expressed of reviving trade for fome time to come; and the only grleass of light was on instruction to the Directors to ingulre how far (Government was responsible for the dryression of Indef-—lnll- matlug thelr bellef that the home and forelgn 1 policy of the Administration must surely o L T e B Fainteya. amacreia) welaeines aad that | thats thls family are fale specment o the people, I should never expect Lo meel with any mare courleous, cordlal, generous, or intelligent than theso have shown themscives to be. It any one, of every member, of this family cver visit Cbleago T sball feave no means umtried to make their visit a ptessant one. But they will never come to Chicsga, th should they! Within sabout 100 miles of Balti- more and Washington they make a fow visits there o year, and they sre {n the midst ol = wealthy, refiued, and well-educated population when at howe, for, although tho disttlct s & strictly agricultural one, it bas been long set- tied, and its fertility, climate, and accessibllit, have music them rich, and contented, and refine ‘Fhey believe thiey lve in a scction which is nn- equaled In location, fertitlty, climate, and scen< ery, where God Almighty showed a little tavor- 1 when He finished up the job of creation, and thev Lellevs in staying st home and enjoy- ing it Tney know now to dispense an elegant hospitality, and give a welcome that makes oo feel (¢ comes [roni the heact. doF. Ll the experitnental Imperiallsm of Lord Beacons- fie)d stood very much inthe relation of cause and effect, H. ——e—— OLD VIRGINIA. A Chleago Gentleman's Adventures In the Colebrated and Famous Shenandosh Val- ley—An Instance of Genuine Bouthern Honpltality. 7o ths Editor of Tha Tribune. BrAuNTON, Vo, Nov. 17.—1 left Winchester Friday to cume tu thls place, taking dinner with other passeugers at \Woodstuck, There was sinply an announcement by the conductor that there was time fur diouer, and, oo going out- elde, | found the conducturand many others getting into s long covered earriage, which, I lcarned, was to take us to Wilson's lotel to dine, and I joined the crowd, though something new ln my experience in traveling, It {s & beau- tiful village, the shire town of the county, and lying on the turoptke running. from Harper’s Ferry to Stsunton, snd I found here a3 good o dimer sa I ever desire toeat. 1got au fdea of Virzinis roast beef that will always make me long for more of it, chickens roasted just right, coffce, with pure cream, and with such butter as I bad vot secn formany a day. I found tbat I bad also got luto the best portion of this far-famed valloy, and engaged in conversation with several gen- tlemen who wera smoking ln front of the hotel, i reard to tho customs of the section, and the styleand profits of cultivating the soil. One of the gentiemen, Col. Newman, {nvited me to dlecontinue tmy journey fo the cars, and accont- pany hitn to bis howe, o larze farm some milea abuve, near Mount Jackson, which he sasured me wus thie (iueat section of the valley, and as fine fand s there {8 (u tho whole Btate of Vir- g, Hls appearance was so geutlemanl aud his juvitation so cordial, that { couvluded to accewt ity and rode with him behind & fine team to bishome. We traveled due suuth some %en 1nlles over the plke, & mac- adamized road mawtalned by payment of tulls, some two_cents per mile; the residents liviog near 1t and haviog occason for its freauent use contract by the year at o merely nomiual sum. I have never seon such & couutry highway be- fore,—as bard us rock feelf,—and Col, Newman assurcd me it was equally good throughout its entire extent, ls amdit wasn regular race: course throuzghout the War, oue week in poss siup of the Nutiunals and the pext controlled Ly their encmies, und that the chlldren would in those times it fu the dour-yarda and on the fences and watch theas as they passed by, The dwelangs were geucrally Jee aivne, but thobarns, eeanaries, and bay-alatks were burned, after taklng what was wanted, und stock driven ofl THE LAST OF THE M0DOCS. Hogus Charley and Iiis Fading Little Band tu the Indlun Terricory, Isnac II. Bromley writes from the Indian Ter- itory s “ Leaving the harbaric glitter and lth of the _camps of the Nez Perces with the lazy braves fn thelr tents, the squaws bartering their Govera- ment ratfops with the traders, the meditino men beating the lodge-poles and making thelr doleful munmery, we started on our return, in- tending to visit some of the Modocs, who occu- Py a large reservation fn the viclnity, These people came Nere In 1878 or, rather, they wera brought here by the Government, virtually as s punishment for baving cngaged in the Modoe massacre and tho hostilities In the lava-beds; and are compelled to remain. The Modocs, I belicve, hod In » measure sbandoned no- madic life, and were settliog graduslly ioto pastoral hatils befors tho out- break of hostliities, so that at the close of the war, when the preseut occupauts of this reserva- tlon came here, they were so far removed from the blanket lodians I thelr progress toward civilization that they sctiled down,asa gene eral thing, to the business of cultivating the soll, without feoling the change very seriously. Wa saw only onc or two of the log bulldings ln which they jive, and these at a long distance. Thoy looked as though thoy might be comfort- able for shelter, but that_was all. Ths square log-hut, for which tue Indian exchanges his cunical wigwam, fs not an invitiog structure, even though It be roomier and better defende from the weather; and when I came to contrast he graceful forw of tho tent and the bright colors of the camp in tho savage life we had for supplics, to prevent its falling into the | just scen with the sombre and gloomy Liands of the oppastug party aud elve thew | aspect of these ugly square cabins neuns of sustenanice. Ouly o fow marks of the | into which ~civilization” loyites the in- War nuw scmala, thousts occastoually suine re- mams of bastily-thrown-up breastworks are s . disa as his tirst step out of savagery, I could hordly wonder that the barbaric love of bright colors and gracetul forms sbould draw him back 0 strougly to thie oid life. A field of 850 acres of corn, cultivated by tho Modocs, was sbown us. In the fleld wero scveral members of the tribe_gathering the crop, and amoug them Bo- gus Charley, the present chief, We stopped at the cdgo of tho fleld to feed our horses, and at our Invitation Bogus Clharley cams out, and wa talked with him about the present conditlon and prospects of the tribe, He gpeaks English quite well, and uuderstands readily ordivary conversation, Like all the Indians we saw, he scerncd shy and silent, answering our questions frecly, but making no conversation himself. He sala thers were 155 in tho party that came here {n 157, but tbat they had dwindled now by deaths to one undred. © In sanswer to our loguiry 1f they were contented, he said, sadly, +Ob, well, 1 exvect to stay here now, Weno get back.” * But don't you fike 1t bers!’ ¢ No, we not hkeit,’ hesaid. *Too many dle, Wy come hers one hunuer Alty-five—we only onu hunuer uow, All over there,” and ho potnted to the burial-place over on a lillslde hatf o ko away. There was an exqulsite tenderness lu his way of saytng this, and iis ‘ouly ooe hunnor now? was so full of genticuess and gravity toat, thougls ho plalaly did uot aim at any etfuet be- yond aussrering us, be did rually touch the feels nge of &1l of us. ‘Tben when we askod him 1t hie wanted togo back to his old home among the lava-tieds, bis vyes ‘wlt brightened u little aud turned wostward with the far-away look of home-slckness and louglog, sod o said: * Yes, 1 n‘:ce t‘u Ko back; my sister there, my frionds there,’ 1 was much intereated {u this chiefy, Bogus Charley, Other lndians complalaed or \m:gm. were sullen or hauglitys eiticr ed ur grov- eled. ‘This mau, with felt bat, bluo shirs, sad overalls, without bead, or featber, or a touch of cular,~an utterly unberoie person o appear- ance, with no effort at displsy or attempl 1o eXx- clte symputhy or adinlration,—seemed to e great in the simplicity of his talk, bis mis-studicd eloquence, his profound uatural pathos, his dignlty without haughtiness sad grace without affuetation, and ‘zrenu.-u of all lu the phllosopllc reaignation with which he ao- cepted his fate with hardly 8 iguriaur or com- plulnt, As le stood thergon a Hitls etuinence averlooking thu cora-eld, his srius folded snd his lithe fgure lmnwd agamt the sky, not Tuoking at us as we drove away, it wus not dif. cult mfm-luu in him a herole Last of the Mo- docs. [le had atd little, bue the toug aud man- wer of what he did say 80 impressed me that for ecn. ‘The 3henanduals Valley was reganled aa the grravary of Virslnia, and probably no section of the entire Nouth was more earucstly foaght for by both arnrles thay this particular section L am describing, und ho body of men suffered more from the etfects af thie War than the people thirouzgh whose lands { rods duriug mf Biters uoon's journey. O course it left them all poorer, sotne with everytbing gone but their nare ucres; veu duriug tho past ted years new Uarus have teen bullt on almost every farm, and the fariners are begivuing 10 gut baek ity thelr old style of independent life. With all these evidenies of destruction befure them, and the recoliectivns of seenes of crdelty they werecoms pelted to witneas fu; years, and the deprivations they then suffered, owl thelr struggies slace to recover the losses they then sus- tamed, 1 really wondered bow they could su tur&lllll}‘ weltutne me, & Northern man, Darlng our ride we called at seyeral farmera’ troues, aud 1 was wtraduced to the awners, and o two fustances to their fumiiics, sud not only must courleouely treated, but In two fustatces was fuvited to vat of their jruit and drink ot thielr dumestle wine, aud on leaving most press- ingly fuvited to visit then again, Icun only suy that (€ thege Rebela that [ Lave thua fac wet in the Valley are samples of tho rest of the Virginlaus, 1 can never azain vatlently sit and bear them asssiled wnd defamed, “Chute wel- oo seems u real one, coming from the hewrt, and when thiey 1)l me, as many of them did, that they e.lrnfltlrv destrod Nurthoruers 1o sct- tie wmoug them, I believe every word Lhey say, and 1would as soon riak them Jor nelebbors as thu peoploe ol any section of the Republic where I have cver traveled. To show thelr stylo {n busiuess I will relate ao incldent at Winches| 1 wanted an apple, und walked into a stuve where several varletics wers duplayed, sud fuquired for u really sour vne. ‘Thy storckeoper shuwed e all be bad, Lut sahil: ** 11 you waut a really sour appple, you will tind It acroas Lhe strect, whero 1saw some pipuins this morning." How many dealers in Chicae would dircel you to their rivals' estab- Ushwent, Instead of asserting that their apples were just what you were wquiring for! 1 found upon eur arrival at Col, Newman's home that hic was the owner uf enc of the tln tarins 1 had ever scen. A fin hrfie oid brick house In perfoct rogaly, substentially turnished, with outbulidiugs 1o nistch, sud straw stacks which he hat not roown 1o cover, with o corn- tleld ot swenty-five acres alliusbock, with winter wihest hurrow ed fn where it gro 4 covering | « while L did feel as tnough 1his man represeats 1t with zrowth already souts Inches in hight. ed au szgrieved sud despoiled ruce, and thas olJ Alter iutroducing mo 1o his fatmily, sud ox- | a8 represcutative of the race that had wrongt pluning the circumatances of y comiv, § was i, bad somethive to be sorty for, 1 presums as warinly welcomed by bjs famnily as by him- 1 ideatized bim, ‘Well, 8t an) rntfi; 1 have the pleture, and that [ shall retaln, But woat su unromantle name! ** Bogus Clarleyl® Well, Yot Riny bo Boizu, and go Lack to the squalor of his cabin, The pleture tn rmy memory s of +I'he Last of the Modocs,' and transfused with aglow frum the subsel Bogus Cbsrloy s s fuxt, T'm! a clod, of course. My Indlsu 18 & posm. shown to the large trout cham- ber, ubu requesied Lo cutne duwi Lo Les us suon a3 | was ready, showing that they were prepared for strangers ub ull times, My firat glanco st the tea-table showed me that 1 was In the bome of a good nousekeeper, aud, before wo bad completed our meat, t wua fu & fainily of refinewmeut, where the parents were educsted fu al) the courtesies of life, aud where the children had had all the udvautazes of education st bomo sud in socicty, It was too late to touk sround, sud we sat down sud sawked, and 1 lovked over Lis lbrary, which was quito an exteasive one. We werw soott fulued by bisson und two gruwu-up daughicrs, and 1 oasied two huours Ju as pleas- aut conversation as I ever eujoyed iw my self, nud ot of —— Lack of Dooks in Mumnia, In Russla there are districts whbere 1t 1ssald one may pass through o population of ahundred thoueauil uw[:ln without seciug anything lu the form of a bouk, excopt the Slavonic Bible or the well-warn book of un_otllcial, correapondent of the Cologue 1 Moscow, & town of 800, ceordiog Lo & Gazelte, thero are inhabitants, ouly Hite, It was cotortalniug to _ Msten | Tour or ive Huasian book-ahops worthy of the ta the wother a8 sh related wxny focklenta of | name, while there ars four German shops. Bt. the War coming uuder ber owu vbservation, | Petersbung better off, but it has and to hear her deacription of tue terror of her | ounly bookscllers, or oue to cotldreu at the Hrst sight of armies coing by | evrey 1, persuuy, Thess towns are, her door. But they voon got used to it, aud after o thue would vh{ o the roadside s the suldivrs iwarched by, In o skirmbhat Cedar Hun, vot far trom this bouse, wauy Were wouided, sud soie were bruught o ber house for vare. | Buuss were Untoulats and some Con- federatey, but she suld sbie did ber best for all bl they could be rew ‘Thelr barns aud sacks were bussed, but Col. Newwmun drove bis Mook uway vu seversl oceasions, aud poluted out a plava at soing distance lu the turest where for weeks ot u thue e Kot them berded, out of 100 reachs vl citlier sy, Durlug the eveulng we nad apples, wine whileh- wiwoat every famliy makes, snd clegant grapes which they raliv (o abuudauce. Ater somo o wusic frow the dauclters, one of wha bad beon educated lua Catbolic extabitabuieut, the Colunel wsked me il | was toud uf ueges instrelyy, aud upou wy auswer- fuz fu the allinustive, called we foto bls luoyg kitchen wnd bad bis two matla sud 8 red wan ainy soiwe of thelr Visginls sou; The uewroes wentiuto It witu a vim, wid el tu €njo. i yxeceatuzly, sud § kuow Edil The Culonel sufgeated thAL tuey anuW we B speclwen of tuclr deucing, bat biswife chevied It by sug- ol course, the ceutres from which proceed the ublicativus that supply the restof tho Empire. Warsaw hay ol veuder of buoks to every 10,00 peaple, and Ouessa one Lo every 16,000, Lut half of the (klessa shops ate In a dozayed condition. Croustadt, lu spite_of 118 large garridon of edu- cuted ulticers and Finutsh saflors, bas only two suoos tu 43,000 people; Aba, In Finland, ove tu 20,000; aud Ouwk, the exile centro of Bibe- ris, and the site of the future unlversity, one Fivally, Tusbkeud is the worst of all, having ouly s slogle bookwhop to people, uud that & bad unv. Tukivg praviucial Ruasly, the proportion ot booksellcri to the town poplation 13 roughly estunsted to ba one 10 eyery 20,00 gwul-x while uoue at alt will be {ound (o towos haviug less than 10,000 Inhabitsnts, At the sumo thne it may be uuted that un Odeass correspoodent of the Mouscuw Guzeltd reports that tho three best books ou farming i South Russhe aro’ purlsacd chiedy by Euglshuen, Oue |, buokscller told bim that he suld twice os many of those bouks to Euglishwen that he did 0 .Russiane, aud that the purchasers wyro either touls (m:i . wet wuo bad bought furd L the uelvhborks of Oaeass,