Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 4, 1878, Page 3

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE SUNDAY. AUGUST 4, 1878—SIXTEEN PAGES. 3 ‘THE LABOR QUESTION Mrs. gwisshelm Answers Her Crit- ics Whose Letters Ap- peared July 21. gad Experience of Pittsburg Pa- pers Devoted to the Imter- - ests of Labor, gow the Yotes of Northern Workingmen BRiv- ofed the Chains ou Sonthera Workingmen. Who Are Responsible for the Swindles of favings-Banks and the Frauds of Tax-Eaters? from Wurking'n\xen and Women on Various Points of the Controversy. AMRS. SWISSHELM. 7o the Editor of The Tribune. %, 111, July 31.—I have been suffer- ‘rom inflammation of the eyelids, so that I ot been, and am not now, able to read ave T carefolly the numerous letters which these 05 call out, or to review my work. Tous #t happens that 1 write in more or less of men- falas well 35 physical darkness; but, yesterday s friend kiodly and carefully read the three let- ters which sppeared in Tne TRIBUNE of the o151, apd 1 was fmpressed with their earnestoess 400 general spirit of candor. "+ Ruth, a Work- ipgwoman,” MArs her article by making asitua- oo for me, and_putting me in it, then argulng from that point. Had Iattempted to run a , thirty yesrs 850, partly by paylng men for their work, and partly by appealing to their CJante, there would probably have been few women in competition with men: to-day in any department of labor. 1t was by proving that women can work in shops and oflices with men, without making demands on their gallantry, thst Lopened that vers wide door through which €0 meny thousand women have passed to gelfsupport and independence. Y myself had, single-banded, entered the cdi- torisl ranks, and after = fierce struggle con- quered the rignt to discosss all questions of public policy on equal terms with men, and when 1 bad placed three level-headed women at the case the field was won. Had not the Print- ers' Unlon ordered a strike, and thus compelled my workmen to violate their contract, betray thetrust reposed in them, aud thus put into {mminent peril the business on which they de- ‘pended for a living, T could not have made Such anjngovation; but my workmen Loew that'T was working for nothing, and working much herder tha any of them. At least I think they must have known it,—must have known that I worked double the number of bours that any of tbem did, and denied myself respectable cloth- ing to pay them full wages. They never pre- tended to bave a personal grievance. I could not have given them offense, for Inever saw ooe of them, to know him 2s my employe, un- il after their dastardly betrsyal of my inter- csts, and thelr own, when they came to me to explain and apologize. They professed to be sorry,—very sorry. Thelr relations with my businessman had been of the most pleasant Kind; they_would be giad to o on at the old rates. if only their Union would vermit; would tiave been rlad to Jive up to their acreement, if the Gnion would permit; would, in_short, have been glad 2o be men, if the Uzion bad not for- Dbidden thew to stand in that rank of animated nature. Most, if not all, of the Pittsbure papers em- laved women at the time T did, but the cxperi- meut failed in every daily oflice, except that of the Commercial Journal, In Which my paper was printed. 1t failed because the masculine pro- prictors succumbed to the appeals of pretty bea- s, who ¢ sccking emplovment, and enfording their daims by pitiful tales of dis- tress and becoming toilets. Such. women wert of coirse, *tas ¢lay in the hands of the potter fora sont always fits the body it lives in, and. when this bas been modeled to fit a French tervet, that can be made into any form by steady pressure. Sume of thein bave, uo doubt, becn Killod by overworl: in printing-oflices, as ¢ Ruth says; and for tins, teo, the world owes me thanks. Killing fools is a very important busi- negs; and, if I have introduced another method of prosecuting that good work, I have done the world some service. ‘Trpe-setting is no more unhealthy for women then for men, provided they ure d for ther work ; and any workingwomau who affects the fiue lady in her aress lacis tae clements of somnon sense. Any womau who Zets up pretty tollets for aud practices prelty airs in business- lours, any woman who mixes business aud pailantry, is o moral pestilence s well as o fool: and, from my knowledee of business, sonclude that most of the failures of woten tome frown tuis cause, as well as all the seeming ich become scandalous. To place myself rigit on the record. let me say that the political platform of the Pittsburz Saturday Visitor, started thirty-one years ugo, was: , The right of every man and woman to the éwnervhip and control of his or hier own body 2ud sonl. subject only to the control of the moral I "The preservation of the pubtic lands for the use of actual setilers. ian--uonopuly, cither by corporations or Individuals. anption of the homestead from forced sale oy any pretext, while limiting the amouut «f property so held. £qual taxation on all churchies, parsonages, mortgagre: Equal legislation for all. Spes none.—noteven Indians. < This was the creed which “Ruth™ truly says was “aupopular? with the workingmen in the fourth dedhde of this century. Mine was the only paper in Pittsburg devoted to this creed. A!:lnstllt my workmen struck. {n 1852, by order of tue Priters’ Union. The Albatross had pre- Selded the Visitor n the advocacy of this crecd. t was owned and edited by Charles P Shiras, \‘be IrunCity Poct,”—one of the noblest souls 3 bave ever_known,—author of * Dimes and Jollars,” and “Qwe No Man a Dollar.” It as the Printers! Usion which * sho the Alba- ros,” then picked, cooked, and ate the bird of ;;mcn. No wonder the ship from which the E::gl‘ :;r:w l:ned should now li¢ rotting in a o slim . i flasnant, sliny ses, 42 painted ship upon a All the intellectual labor of the Albalross was zr?;mmns, while the proprictor sunk the gréater part of bis patrimony in paying laborers {floallvouteme canse of Labor; then struzgled Fith poverts aad ill-bealthy all the balance of i life, and lefv an infaut, orphan daughter to :Icgnrc of nis sensible mother, wifo thought harity began at home, and bad taken care of her small income. prrss Daver which preceded the Albatross in sburz as the advocate of the above Labor Diatform was the Spiritof Liberty. Onit - Flewson, a msn of brains, and a non-Uuion printer, spent years of hard waork, and all the aceawmnlations of previous years. After he be- c:lmn baokrupt, be, with Col. J. Herron Foster, £tarted the Pittsbure Dispatek, and proved the ?:hmmudnl value of the time be bad donated to ¢ service of laborers by making it a erand financial success. 8o far as I can trace the history of ell that has n done in this country to diguify Labor and Jrotect the richts of labarers, it has been done o, avitaliste,—cmployers; aud all the time #g(l_'ln;;mudum lubort‘:xr as;ijm enemy otlm his an ain and again been overborue nd defeated et Rt “-‘\ Lile ihe non-lavorers of the South owned L its tabor, and sold 1aborers like oxens while . 200,000 capitatfsts ruled the Southern States 85 :;nmlmely as any Czar ever ruled Russia; while {hey classed Southern white laborers below inck slaves, and kept ihem dn bruts] iemor- snce: while they heaped scorn and insult ou urthern laborers, calling them **greasy me- e ics and *emall-fisted farmers,” whose “behests, of the ballot-box, they laughed to scorn,—these same Northern laborers voted With them and for them, By their “votes they. enabled 1heir boastful Southern masters to rule their black siaves of the South- by their white slaves of the North, and flount the fact. in" the Aaces of the men they calied staves; :while tbey ~emeked their whivs over their heads and. drove them 1o do their bidding.—drove them even us “ cattle are driven. The great body of working- men, the great Denforratic party, voted with iem and for them; 2nd bowed their ‘necks 10 Yoke like well-broken uxen. Y okt was the votes of laborers cast st the bid- ine of demagugues which made our Civil War Passible, and :‘]ued;limud it upon us. Qur rescat, finzuchal trouble grew out of the War, :ml the refusal of Labur-combinations to re- U to peace-wazes. ‘Thau cmployers have nnny gins 1o auswer for, is mosttraes but these including ds, Locks. favors for property bor do not scem to me to be the subject c\l!.!liun. 1 do not propose to talk to ::(vll!ll;‘d‘[:- or cluss of men, about the sins and shortcom- ee of other folks, except in 8o far as is neces- sary tollustrate the errors of those I address. 1orldue-men cannot repent of the sins of ci- Ployers, and do works meet for that repentauce. 1u reforming society, try to get cvery manto fi;en up }.\Ll{ own sins, and every man who guides ke ar: e wht doces m}lc.h toward the general “Ruth” blames me for not giving workil ing- men credit for bearing patiently thel? losses )fy the fallures ot savings baoks. I fail to see m%dgn Ifihe case. n the first ‘place, they intrusted t! to Spencer S those other rogues be‘éflxrs? 323 worship glitter, These fcllows, every one, lived at a rate which would have shown\any man or woman of sense that they were living on otber people’s money; and it was because those fellows decked their wives in diamonds,drove fast horses, lived jn grand houses, and kept trains of servants, that poor men and women got down in the dust beforcthem, and brought thelr little savings as an offering at the shrine of these divinitics of elitter. They carried their cash 1o these pasteboard nabobs on the same principle that they give their votes to the lord- Jing “*who waved his whip of dominion o'er hundreds of slaves,”—on the same principle g‘;:rfl?;a’é’;fil '.h(;lrul::‘lf-dnllnrs to see circus ers in their spang| finler_v. spangles and gewgaw t was a long time before the savings-banks failures that I warned workingmen, through ‘Tor TRIBUNE, not to intrust their money to these giittering moths; and, if they scorned my warning, they Deed not come to me now to play martyr. They disregarded all dictates of common prudence in_giving their money to such trans- parent swindlers, aud it was no virtue to let the Is zo unpunished. 1f workingmen had 2 genuine law of honor, and hatred of fraud, they would find some way 10 punish rogues, so that they dare not walk “the streets in brona day- light, like honest men. Itis that general rot- tenness running all through socicty which ‘f"‘s sfiub SW] ]:;llm to go u&wnipued of jus- ce. workingaen scorned the eri Wou]]{d punls” ;ilhe criminal. IO *Ruth ves one illustration of the tr mendous swindle which the taxeaters of Chfm‘:: go are perpetrating on the taxpavers. Well, who are to blame for that? Who clected the tax-thieves of every city in this Union! Who keep them In office, aud levy taxes for them to steal? Who but the small taxpayers, aided by that rabble which has arrogated toitself the name of * workingman™? Is it the merchants, and manufacturers, and properiy-owners of Chicago who levy its taxes, aud gather them, and steal them? “Ol! verily no! Ttisthe men who pay no taxes, who contribute nothing to the resonrces of the city, that hold the primary meetings, select the candidates, do the voting at the rate of two votes to each man, levy the taxes, and levy them against capital, in what they pretend to be the iuterest of Labor. Our mupicipat debts, oue and all, are the direct re- sult of the enmity and jealousy which poor men feel for their rich neighbors. In thcir efforts to pull them down, they overwbelm themselves in ruin, and have only themselves to thank for the loads of taxes and tax-thieves which grind them to the dust. No European city is ground with ifraud and taxation, as every American cityis; and the reason is, that men who have pothing at stake are not allowed to vote taxes on the property of their neighbors. When the taxpayers of a city, and they alone, elect its officers aud levy its taxes, it never runs into the ruin which is fast overwhelming every city in thiscountry. When- ever American cities are governed on the princi- ple of no taxatiou without representation, no representation withour taxation, and represent- ation equal to taxation, we shall havean hoest, economical administration of City Governents, and never till then. in London, every resident who pays a certain rent votes at uty elections, whether he or she be native or foreign; 2nd the man who pays noth- ing toward maintainine the City Government has nothing to say about it: consequently the taxes are low, sud the Government economical and honest. ‘The sameis substantially true of all European dities; and, when your Chicago taxpayer disconnts lis city-scrip to_pay his city: tax, he can lay it to that American magoanimity srhich delights in appointing wolves to take care of the sheep. Mr. Nelson insists that my publication of the rumor about the proposed sction of locomotive- engincers was au “‘infamous libel,”” and so forth, and soon. Ile cannot read papers very carefully, or he would know that an important part of the business is to publish rumors of cora- fue uvents; and that, by industry in_this ling, many an evil is nipped in the bud.. But why i my offense so great, when the Legislature of this State discussed, if it did not pass, a bill forbidding engineers to do what I gave as their possible intentiont 1Iad they been above sus- picion, no such law could have been proposed ; but T am glad that my presentation ol the case has placed it iu its truc hizht. and that, seeing jt thus, they turn from it with contempt and anger. “ Railroad-Man is not consistent in ascrib- {og such feebleness to my cfforts, aud yet likea- jof them to a dose of poison given to a dog, which causes death before the antidote of denial or explaoation can be upplied. 1 trust he mav be correet about this. ay the event prove that this dog of contract-breaking and treachery, catled “Strike,? is really a dead dor, and will be insured & dog’s burial; while the man he has hounded into dishonor will be restored to that ndividual liberty which teaches that ¢ A mau’s # man for ’ that; und ¢ An honest man's, thoogh e'er sae poor, The king 0’ men for a’ that! Deliver us from the day wien an honest man fn rags shall be zenerally esteemed the inferior of a Spencer in diamonds and coat of the newest cut! Deliver us, Good God, from every in- fluence which lowers the standard of trith, und brings us nearer the level of the brutes, which make no bargaius, and know no law but the instluct togratify immediate wants, without reference to woral obligations, JANE GREY SWISSIELM. S“RUTH? AGATIN. o the Editor of The Tribune. Cmicaco, Aug. 2—0n taking up my paper on Sunday morning, 1 was much pained to tind that wy iunccent allusion to “The six blind men of Hindostan who went to see the ele- phant” Lad peen the means of causing the wsually placid, screne, gentle, and womanly Mrs. Swissbicln to pour forth twu columus of “hot shot” (as Tue Trinuxe calls it) upon working men and women, and 1wyself in particular. \What must her sufferings have been, with the thermometer at 93 dew., and Ler temper at the Doiling point? One thought, however, brought consolution; and that was, that, while it did us 10 harm, it may have done her a great deal of good, and soared those in her immediate vicin- ‘Had she taken into consideration that I ity. bad said, ““Mauy years ago, when but o cnild, and living in London”? I came fo this. country when but 12 years old. Nearly mincteen vears of my life have been spent in Chicazo, in varlous branches of industry. Trades-Unions may have anaergone many changes since then, and the innocence of cnildhood, “Tracing, in all tney hear or eee, An earnest of-fdclity, may have rendered me blind the system. My _father, too, always employe Union men, and 1 never heard lum speak dt paragingly of them. So, if 1 have reared but & cob-house, surely Mrs. Swissheim need not brine a battering-ram to overthrow, nor a whole powder-magazine to blow it up. And her mavy years of public life: can have taught ber put Jittle if she thinks people are to be driven into thinkiog as she does. 1 also suid, * T do not know much about the Printers’ Union, It may have many objection- able features. I suppose, however, that, like 21 ceusible bodies of men, they are willing 10 il concession when oceasion requires.” 10 they are not, then I gave them more credit than hey deserve. A v £ Sfie also says: * It [the Union] forms a slid- ing seale from self-support to pauperisu, by tesehing its members to receive aid from the Union, when they would scorn to aply to the State Tor alms,” ete. Ido uotagree with her there, for a man_contributes Lis portion to the Sion's ‘funcs with_tnc understanding that, it he should be in need, a certain sum shall be re- By med to him. A man who has paid but $10to insure his house for a year, and receives 31,000 for the 1078 of it before the expiration of that time, doos not feel miich indebted to those who have fnsured for_ years without intending to benefit him specisily. "1t the Union mau fs ai- ways employed, he” gets notbing from m:.- Luion; and. if the man's property isnot burned, e gets nothing from _the jnsurance compauy. Yet cach helpto benefit otbers less fortunate. Of course, 1 pever meant o be: ‘understoo that Trades-Univnism will ever amount to au. thing while, for the seventy or eigbty who co pose the union of any trade, therse may beseven fimes the vumber outside, ready to fill their Jaces a5 oceasion offers. eve_ tbat, to be D ifeetive, it must be general.” Nor do I for one moment imagine that any sensible .workingmian beliéves in an equal division of property et 3¢ Mrs. Swissbelm would have 115 believe-. For, Sere such a thiur possible. it would not long remain so, unless the elements in man’s nature were also changed. Otherwise, the Board of Equalization would have to o over thicl work evory twenty-tour bours to keep things fu statu quo. All Ladvocate for working men or women i3 8 fair day's pay for & gond dsy's work, to the defects Dé —a little more than cnough to keep body and soul together; and, as the 1aborer proves him- eIt “worthy of bis or ber hire,” to recelve it when it becomes due. And I have zood author- ity for this, for we read, “The bread. of toe needy fs the lfe of the poor; be thiat defraudeth them thereof is a man of blood ™ (Eccle., xxxiv., 95). “They who defraud or neglect to pay the r man, take away his life; forhe lives by the abor of his hands.’ St. ~James also 8ays that, “The wages due to the laborer, and not paid. cry to God for vengeance against him who withhoids them” (James. iv., 5). Aud again, At his day thou shalt give him his bire, neither shall the stin go down upon it; fop be is poor and setteth his heart upon it: lest hecry ugmns,t,. thee unto the Lord, and it be sin unto thee - (Deat., xxiv,, 15). But 'Mrs. Jane Grey Swisshelm scems to con- sider herself a higher authority thou these. For, to my statement about honest womeu who work hard, and have their pay Withheld, she “All men who aid in driving such says: “o’men back ioto the domestic circle, or the gutter it mneed be, do render the world some service.”” Yet this woman claims to have the good of the working people at heart, and her extreme solicitude for them causes her to pour two columns of *hotshot™ iuto their midst on the Sabbath morning. 1 might be able to cover a wolf so nicely with the pelt of a lamb a5 to deceive the eye, but no one would mistake the Aowling of & wolf for the dleating of alamb. Andit would take more than her un- su{;poned word to convince wme that she is not paid for the liberal donations of advice and abuse she has been dealing out of late. Isup- suppose she isa fair example of tho blatant fo- male political writer. *All for the party.” Few women, perhaps, can lay claim to such a Jength and variety of accupations as Mrs. Swiss- helw, viz.: School-tescher, six years: fariner, fittcen years; editor, seventeen years; publisher, nearly as Tong; “boss printer,! seven years. Besides all s, we find her perambulating hospitals, and de- Iivering public lectures, coverinz s period of sixty-two years, according to her statement. ‘And from all this accumulation of oractical ex- perience, we might reasonably expect a solution of the question; and that in overthrowing “Prades-Unionism, ete., she ‘st least wo 1d be able to offer a substitute, and hereitis: There are millions of acres of ood land to be had for the taking, and lots of sharp sticks, even it hoes are searce. Go and get your own livings or, If vou cannot take care of yourselve, dic,of and get done with it.” She does not say by what hocus-pocus they are to get there. And e Aonneszar-fashion, tney may browse until they raise more suitable provender. While, for the working-women who are so impecuni- to need their from at ous as pay least s month or two after it s aue, she says, “All men who aid fn Griving such women back {nto_ the domestic cir- cle, or the qutter if necd be, do render the world some service.” 'The impracticabulity of the first is apparent to all. And tne blind vindictiveness of the second would make any respectable womn- an shudder. "Aud now I must say 0od-by to Mrs. Swi helm. And,if Iever meet with 2 plaster-of- Paris clepbant, I will send it to her, as 8 me- mento of past defeat in her own undertakings, aud anappreciation of her magnanimous de- fense of working-people’s rights. And if she 50 wisbes she can call t—* Ruth,” A WORKINGWOMAN. RIGOTS OF WORKINGMEN. To the Editor of The Tribune. Ciicaco, July 31.—The world bas entered on what may cmphatically be styled an Age of Progress; but its advancement does not consist in pursuing with accelerated speed the track trodden by our progenitors, nor in upholding the theories and hobbies of Birs. Swisshelm. ‘The present are rather times of shifting in- vestigation. Every theory concerning the wel- fare of the masses Is pow submitted to the crucible; they are tested. and subjected to the most keen and rigid scrutiny. Men are digging down nowadays to discover, if vpossible, the deep foundations of thines. A spirit of ijoquiry is abroad, plucking up Whatsoever is useless, and over- throwing whatsoever is obstructive to the pros- erity, and welfare, and progressivn of mau- kind. The theory that workingmen have rights which ought to be respected, has been, again and again, cast Into the futnace of controversy. Mrs. Swissielm is at present enguzed in desper- ate conflict, with her embattled foes. Butitisa uestion whether she will retain possession of the field. 1 do not think she will come off con- queror. There are numerous systems of error Zcreatiors of her own faucy, not to suy_ scltish- Dess—that might once have tlourished in inis land; | but mow they . shrivel beneath the expostires of the truly ) intellieeut and the pood. Many of her lately-rélming pre- tenses, inpeached by reason, and condemned by public opinion, arc slowly perishini {rom our midst. Mrs. §. probubly has an ides, at the present time, that workingmen have all the privileges which they in justice deserve, and she classes al1 workinmnen on an equal basis; but, shoutd jmpartial investyration conviuce ber of her erron, T hope she willy with trae womanly Lon- esty, “heerfully cknowledse her defent. The designs of tl ordid, the profaue, and the licentious, in every case, be they peer or pau- ousht to~ be frustraied; but the Tionest claims of upright, faitbful, and_deserv- ingr workinzmen should be established on an immovable basis. Now, Iwould ask Mrs. S., 1s it enouwh thata race of rationnl beings sbould De dealt with on the mercenary principles adopted with respect to our beasts of burdeut Man's two-fold nature, his nobler eapabilities, This clevation as a moral arent, his soul resplen- dent even iu its ruivs, challenge a loitier recog. nition of his claims than is due to themere drudecs of creation. To caleuiate the daily Tavages committed upon the loins, the muscles, gud - the limbs of labor, and to dole @ut the swallest possible amount of Yest and pay for the smne, to barely Thaintain the equilbrium of functional waste el supply at the smallest possible: sacrifice of Lheir services,—is to imbruze the laboring Jation; yes, to degrade beings origin: foned in God's image into mere auiu ehines to be used in the production of wealth, Juxury, and patrician indulgences., in which they are never suifered to_participate, instesd of ‘whic, they are doomed, in _the vizor of man- hood and the deerepitude of age, to gpend all their intervals of relaxation from physical exer- tion in cating, in drivking, or in sleep d all this ouly to gather fresh power for the strainea sin ew mofsture workingman cws, aud for the dripping brow! The vient than vearns for a higher order of enj this,—can we blame himt—souething more congenial with the diviner indwellinas of his beiug. Heaven is benevolent as well 4s wise, if snot. O if shewould only preserve a judicious mean Dbetween two mischievous ex- Tremes! We know that the abuse of capital is the workman®s deadly enemy. I do not believe innoppression_by wealth and influence; neither do 1 be Communism: they are wicked dclusions, and canuot receiva o0 severe con- demnation on every hand. We all know that the true, earnest workinz- men are the fountains of the nation’s prosper- ity: and I do believe that more honest, upright, mianly, and godlike hearts wili be found in the plebeian hut thao in marble halls. We may stray from city to villaze, from hillside to valley, from one cluster of human habitations 1o unother, und we will find in the majority ol such abodes, the sweet tranquillity of true virtue and moral worth. Tbere are human abodes, oven among the poor and lowly, cursed, in every sense of the word, with all that pertains to makine man a brate, rendering him entirely uafit to ussociate with his feliows; but you will fiud just such churacters inbabiting the ubodes of wealth and afiluence. The statesman, merchant, the manufac- turer, and sometimes even the well-to-do me- chanit, can often escape the duties or emanci- pate themselves from the thrall of business, and, vanishing from theiwr cctive engaye- tneuts, may embark for foreign travel, und Tuxuriate awhile m some invizorating clime; or wauder up and Gown our own fair lund insearch of healts; or may visit the wouder-teeming Citics and towns reared by modern enterprises or ¢lse, if wearicd with the excitement of such scenes, may furn aside for a sezson to the mar- giu of the ocean, and there inhale health aud eladness from its bracing breczes, refrzsh_their bodics in its livinge waters, and soothe the irrita- tion of their feelings with the music of its mur- murings. But not so the poor workingman. Iie cannot 7o beyoud i tether. Ile can rarely cast off_A4is collar. From morning's dawa to evening’s close, and even into the deep.shades of nignt, through scenes of sorruw aud tribula- tion, sud the incipient stawes of disease, his ne- cessitics chain bim to- his post. Condemned, like Sisyphus of old, to roll the stone of labor up-the steep seclivity of life,—whicl, on having neared the :summil, rebounds to its starting- point aguin,—he figds -himself, after the dis- bursement of his Scanty ages, again at the bottom of the mountain,. yoked to his hopeless task, and compelled to begin -anew the up-bill straggle. ‘The geed of covetousnes, the Jove of wealth, bave wrung from the workingmen some of their noblest blessings. Bliud scllishuess 18 scenou every hand, Iaying an cmbarro on the righits and privileges of the poorer classes. L. MouvAT. COLONIZE.’ To the Editor af The Tribune. Cricaco, Aug. 2.—uch has been said upon the Labor Question of the present day, edito- rially by the press, and through letters by indi- . pering. iduals; but few, it scems, have forwarded sug- | the Grocery Socicty—=a workingman, gestions which mizbt actually be acted upon with satisfactory results. -It seems to me that most arguments arc based_upon ideas that are extreme. It i3 aun unflcgluplc fact that the me- chanic and laboring; classeS in large cities are suffering greatly from the effect of the so-called hard times; thousands .of willing workingmen are hoarding stores of idleness; insome particu- lar instances, all endeavors to find the much- coveted situation wherewith to earn life's sus- tenance scems tofail, and the workingman sinks down stricken with grief, and antagonism grow- ing in his breast toward those who, through fortunate circumstances, are placed n life’s sta- tion above his standing. But he is still more vexed and goaded when reading articles in the daily papers that secm to lay all blame of the prevailing state of affairs at his door, and, at the same time, assume 8n attitude as thouzh they werc written with friendly feeliog to the working classes. ‘Now, any unprejudiced person must acknowl- edge that the sufferiog is great; aad it can only be he who, perchance, fs fixed in circumstances free from wanty or one who cannot” see further than the length of his nose, that will deny this. True, there are some who bave the good fortune ot being steadily employed yet, and at very ac- ceptable remuneration, 1003 but, in the mass, their numnber would show small figures. What- ever will grow out of this state of affairs.'if a change for the better does' not aopear, the fu- ture will undertake to solve. The sim of this Jetter is to forward a suggzestion of relief to a portiou of the working class that can and should Jisten; § mean that class who, through 2 series of prosperous years, have laid by a part of their Gurminzs for rainy duys, snd who yethave ample means ot command to attempt the fulfill- Inent of my sugeestion. The advice is, *Col- onize.” Every person knows that the prevailing de- pression has its foundation somewhere; but tnere are many divided in placing the cause. The writer ascribes it principally to over-produc- tion; and would ask the reader just to reflect for n moment upon the vast amountof im- proved machinery iu the hands and at the com- inand of the capitalist, with cvery day’s addi- tion of new improvements, which carry with them the destiny to reduce labor and increase speed,—thereby crowding the workingman steadily more and more inte the backuround. It is uunecessary for a citation of a single in- stance where one machine can produce more work in one day than flva ten, or twenty skilled hands formerly could; any one who is posted ut il on mechanism can clte instances enough to till this column. Yes, it bas become so greal, this 1abor-saving giant, that it requires n dare-devil to undertake . the building np of a mechanical business withouta large amount oOf money to back him when enterlng upon the arens of competitorship. I verily believe that, if all the machinery in the United States could be moved simultaneously for one day, its pro- ducing Jm\ver would amply cover the demand of two days’ consumption; or, in other words, the producing power of the country exceeds the consumptive. Now, L ask, Why needs this bel Yes, itisa brand of shame that, in a land like ours, where everything is_represented in such superabund- ance, husbands and fathers should be lying in idlencss, pining for something to work at where- with to secure life's sustenance. Now, if, a8 above stated, the producing portion excceds the consuming, a way to equulization should be crested; and, to accomplish this, the cities should be drained of their surplus of trades- men, mechanics, and laborers. ~ By thelr reap- pearance ss independent furmers, the problem might find its solution. Many will say, #1 would willingly zo had 1 the means.” Poor beings, you certainly de- serve pigy; for, if you have tiot got the means, there is no one that will experiment fn giving you the necessaries, unless you can furnish good ana plenty of security, and then unly on the bosis of what Is called s living rate of interest. “The purpose of this letter is not to draw pau- pers out of this city upon farm-lands. Noj it 15 the class who yet have the means at eommaund to iocate, that should leave. By doing so, they will maice room for their less fortunute neigh- bor. There certaiuly is a fortunc in a 8300 bill for any workingman who will use it in the es- tablishment of such an independent home. - But right herc let me remark that it i just this class that will not be driven from thegates of the city. A majority thiuk themselves sinarter than others who have laid nothing by; and, be- cause they have s little sum to gxxck them, they think 1t best to stay and waif for the reappesrance of brighter conditions. Formerly some intrusted their all to Bee-Hives, Saving Spencers, ctc., and got worsted, for wluch they deserve pity; but, aside from thew, there are yet tuousands, right bere in our city, who to-day could produce from 3500 to $2,000. Now, why not put this money to the practical use of establishivg yourselt upon the fertile lands of this country, where you can labor in- dependently, and where you can raise your clildren free from all the temptation, vice, crime, and corruption of an overcrowded city By leaving, you will certainly benefit yourself most, asidé from doing a good turn toward your fellow-man. 1f all persist in remuining, and the conditions will not find the much hoped chane, tor which there really is no prospect, then some day, perhaps, you will be counted umong the penniless and Wailing portion of hu- manity, wishing vainly tnat you had made the fuvestiment hercin suguested. Lknow of over sixty_families who left Chi- cago since Deg. 17, 1877, to locate upon the highlands of North Alsbama, aud I am con- vinced, by letters and personal iuterviews, that there is not one whomn you could coax back into the city aguin. Permit me yet to say that thelr Jeaving was conducted under the suspices: of the Colonization Ald Society of Chicago, which is an established organization of one year's standing nest September. Its members are all of the working class, and have called this cou- cert movement into life for mutual benetit. So far all has worked well, and the prospective town, Garden City, Ala., bas begun to show the result of this undertaking. Yours, cte., CO-OPERATION. CincAco, Aug. 2.—1 was agrecably surprised to see the keynote struck in that able letter signed Rupert Coleman: Co-operation. That, rightly carried into practice, is the cure for the evil of the present state of things; and no other country offers such advantages. That It can be attained, has been proved beyond a doubt, 8s & few reminiscences comiug to my recollection will prove. In the town where I was raised, about the sear 1848, there was a Coul-Exchange, similar to the one extsting in this city, which regulated prices, &e. ‘This Coal-Exchange came to the conclusion that an availabic time had arrived to raise the price of coul to an exorbitant price, as the consumers thought. A number of workmen employed together thought so, and advertised a meeting for all to attend who were of the same opinion. At the meeting asug- gestion was thrown out that was carried into elect. Those that could afford to pay the price for one ton of coal, cash down, and also those who could pay for & half too, sent their names up to the Chairman. They found enough ‘money to ruarantee them iu freighting a Vessel direet to the mine. While this was being carried out the members of the Coal-Exchange were called towether, who werc _ highly indignant ac such a procedure on the part of workingmen. One, in particular, used much about the same language as Mrs. Swisshelm has used iu her letiers in regurd to Trades- Unions; said, “ Tnese men were placing them- selves on the verge of an abyss they would fall into, aud neyer be extricated from.” But, in spite of ther protest, the coul came to hand, was duly meted out, and every oue was satistied that had Invested, A profit of some dollars was left on hand from the price the Coal-Eix- change was charging. Then a number more of Workingmen joined, which induced tbe Coal- Esehange to fall back to theirold firures, wh Dad they heen satisied with, would have given alalc profit. So, then &S now, they bewan to blame 'the workingman for the disagrecwments which had sprung up between them. But the workingmen were not to be duped by thc lowerig of rates to dis- suage them from the, purpose they had in hand. *Our fathers, it sccms, were made of sterner stull than their clildren are.” So these Inen formed themselves into a society called the “ Equitable Co-operative Coal Society.” After a few years of hard strugeling, they succeeded iy laying by cnough to purchase a_vessel, then. to rent a doclc; then other vessels were bdurht; and soit still continues;—the children doingthe same as their fathers before them. supporting these socletics,—for this onc hias arown an off- shoot it has another nearly as Jarge in another part of the city, ealicd the Phenix. Those mem- bers of the Coal-Exchange who prophesied its fate nave died, but left the societies still pros- “There are also & grist-mill, a_grocery, and o dry-zoods store ou the same ‘principle, doing well,—having a store of their own, with a Teading-room and library In connection with {t. Now what has been the moralof this change! | it has cleyated the workzaen ; brought them to. ibink and to work out what would have re- mained dormant within them. A better state of feeling also_exists between. the merchants and them. By respecting themselves, others Dow respect them. In fact the ofticers of thesc socleties are on equal terms and rights with the Coal-Exchange and Merchsnts' Association, and po monopoly Do exists. ‘The President of “sible-i for u° I bear ‘in mind—is now on the Bourd of Education. ‘There is also a branch of the Brotherhood inthe same place which is so held in estcem that the Mayor and other influential geotlemen were present at their annual meeting in March last, the Mayor taking the chair on that occasion. They fave to two of the brethren a bonus of $600 to start some ~ business with, - as they had reccived some injury in their duties. The Secretary of that branch holds an important trust under the Government, he haviog risen from a workman to that position, and he has too much principle to desert his brethren, although now not really a working- man. = Now, we have plenty of wogkingmen who have the true ring in them, which ooly wants developing und bringing to the surface. It will incrense the ioral tove of the workingman, aua will level him up intoa more business and better way of Hvine. He will educate big chil- dren in the co-operative spirit; for why should our children go down into a worse state of things than that n which we are struegling for aliviog? - Let them look back when they shall Teach man and woman hood, and say, with price. and pleasure, “This is what our fathers did tor us; we will’ carry it out. cost us what it may.” To do this it will require time and thought, and bring to our hearts that grcfl', command, * Love thy neiznbor as thysell.’” While you ure helo- ini vour neizhbor, rest assured you're benefit- ing yourselves.” AN Ex-Co-oPERATOR. WIIY ¢ To the Editor of The Tribune. CnicaGo, July 31.—Mrs. Swisshelm speaks of a certain car-works which was a dead loss to the proprietors through the treachery and_cupidity of employes: why doesn’t she state the facts, and say that the Car Company built cars for raiflroads heavily morteaged, and took stock for their pay; that ratlroad as well as other property depreciated in value so that the stock was worthless, and in that way they lost their money? Mrs. Swisehelm alsostates that her father died when she was § years of agc, and that the law- pers touk the most of his_ property for pro- ating his wilfz why don't she go for the lawyers who stole the most ol ‘her fatber’s property, and give the working ciasses 2 chance_for reston the ome day in the week which God has set apart! ~But, if the Jawyers stole the most of her father’s property, where did she ret the money to buy ull the farms, {ncludiag the one with the biz chimuey, which, according to her story, must_have been as large us the Pyramids of Egypt or the Tower of Babel ! Perbaps she saved the moncy during the five orsix yearsshe was teaching school; and, if she di¢, Wiy does she grumble to sce a workingman, who has to work twice as hard, maling barcly enoughto keep bim and his family from starving! W. McC. HOW? To the Editor of The Tribune. CrircAgo, July 30.—I[n rezard to Mrs. Swiss- helm’s statement to workingmen, in Tie Tiin- UNE's fssuc of the 2lst, calling on the working- men “to go to work, and not hane around like a set of hungry children waitiog for Mother to come and givethem dinner,”’—stating that there are * millions of acres of good lapd for the tak- ing,""—let me ask her, How ere the workingmen gomg to get those millions of acres, sud pay their fare to where those millions of aeres are supposed to be sitnated, it these sane workinz- men have been idle owing to their insbility to get work? Men have all the belp they need, and there are hundreds lying idle in the City ol Chicago to-duy because they caw’t gt work. And, again, if thes have work, how are th ioing f8 be able to save enough to carry the 1o those millions of acres, from such meut. mis- erable wages as employers, as a general thing, are paying employes now ! FAW.- | e ———— THE PORCUPINE. Somo Big Yarns in Regara to That “ Fret- ful” Animal. Correspondence I'ittsburg Telearaph. Tt was not a desire to acquaint myself with the nature and habits of the porcupine that led 1me to visit the Goman of Mr. J. C. Martin, up near the top of the Alleghanies. If the truth must be told, it was fo search of certain trout reported to inhabit 2 dashing mountain stream which runs for a distance of nearly four mtles, and then plunges headlong into the fathomless depth of Gen. Harry White's noble Conemaugh. The less said about the trout the better, perhaps. Rather permit meto Gommit to the immortalityof print a few stories told by the gruileless wountaineers about that most remarkable of all American fauna,—the porcupine or * perkypine” accordivg 1o the mountain dilect. The tivst man to relate his experience with the porcupine was an old hunter. Une autumn day he was fox-hunting up near the ** sumuit.” ¢ bad six of the best dogs that ever struck & teail. They would fient anythinge from a chipmunk to a * painter,” aml they we grit to the backbone. On this particular dag, after catchine two or three foxes, he was on his way home when the dogs suddenty took to the bush, “tongucd’ for 200 or 3 yards, oud then “treed.” Almost instantly they set up a terrible howling and uttercd crice of intense pain, as though they werc band to hand or mouth to mouth with a spainter.” The hunter hurried to the spot as rapidly as possivle. Coming to a small opau- ing he found the dogs cutting up extraordinary 1 Some were clawine at their mouths capers. and uttering cries of agouy; others would go toward a . hollow hem- ock stum in the centre of the opening, but when about ten yards from it they would rear up und fall ba d, roll un the ground, and paw the carth and sir in the wild- £st manner. ‘The hunter himself appronched, when suddenly he felt as though his shins ad been pierced with a_volley of Indian arrows. “Then a light broke upon In the hollow hemiock stump he saw anfmmense * perkvpine,” unlimbered like a Ga tooting bisquills with the greatest precision st the yelping dogs. Of course he ealled his dogs out of danger us quick as possible. Lizhting a fire he came up on the opposite side of the stump and iznited it, end quickly burned off Mr.¢ Pe pine’s” quills. Then he dispatcbed him with a club. Getting his faithful and fearless fox-hounds home os Dbest he coutd, he called the boys to bis aid and with a patr of pincers begun toextract the quills. Some of them he pulled out, while others had o take their course—that is, work through in & dircet line from the point 'at which they Strek. Sume of them worked their way through the dozs’ jaws in an hour. Others that struck in the shoulder came out the oovo- site. ip in three or four hours. Some thirty uills weat the fall length of gne dog’s body. iis favorite dog received fatat’ injuries, the di- Toction of thrée quills beine such that they passed throngh his heart. Nearly ail the quills fhat struck the hunter himseli passed throuzh the bones of his legs, he having forzotten to extract them in the excitement of uhe oceasion. “The next man's expericnce was equally excit- fog. He hind been to see bis wirl, and was riding bome zbout 2 o’clock iu the morning throush the pitchy darkness. At an uncxpected mo- ment bis horse reared bolt upright, aud came near dislodgiog him. He held the animal in, atthougi it still plunzed, and Kicked, and snort- ©d as though in terrorof some—to him—unseen object. Wiien tryiug to fathom the darkacss he heard the ficrce whizzing of missiles | arrows past his head, and something strik- fngr the soles of his boots. Rightfully conjecturing that his horse had run upon o Soreupine, he put whip and got out of further danwer. ‘Lhe horse ran for nearly a mile and then began groaning, and finally lay down in sreat pain. His own fect were paining him fo- tensely. Attempting to pull off his boots he founa them absolutely riveted to his feet. The quills had worked througl and were ons If fu the boot-sole and the rest in his foot. Ile sat there and endured nearly three mortal hours of agony, until they made their way through the uppers of his boots. In the meantime the horse died, and the man bimself has not been able to walk for months. ‘Another professor of porcupines treated of & new variety,—thechestnut-burr poreupine. ile Jescribed it as nearly two fect long and as sleo- der as a weasel. This epecies does not shoot its quills, Tu fact; they can only be pulied out of the animal with difficulty. When acting either on the offen sive or defeusive, it rolls ftself up O found a5 n chestnut-burr. and its quills stick out at.all points like steel spikes. It is impos- dog or- any other ani- kill them. On one oc- casion our Proftssor had the bad luck to stirup a nest of them over in the corner of Bedford County,* and he does not kuow to this day how he eseaped with bis life. His ap- pearance would indite that be has had the emall-pox for a whole tewnship, but this he ex- plained was the result ot his fight with Bedford County porcupines. ‘One®day he got after a young “ perkypine,” and chased it into 2 ledge T rocks.” He took a Jong " stliz and poked in after it, which~had _the “effect’0s- stirringz up a mal to Dite..or whole colony at - least~ 100 strumg. ‘They came bouncing ~-out .. of the ricks like cannon-balls | coated with dles. One “struck ‘him square in the fact,”aud Kuocked him down. ~Updn that they assanltad, bim on all sidesand tbumped bim and roll& over him until he was unconscous. and until They evidently thonght him dead. e regained cousciousncss, however, and managed to drag himaelf home, where he found himseif punctur- ed from head to foot. It was six months before e recovered, and then his swectheart utterly disowned him, and I don't have it inmy heart to blame her, especially if she was a youux lt:lmi of esthetic tastes and an eye for the bean- ul. But it remained for another unsophisticated dweller on the mountain-tops to enlizhten the public on the thieving proclivities of this same species of porcupine. According to his state- ment, in the autumn of the year they visit the orchards when the apples fall, and by rolling over them attach them to their quills fo large quantities and carry themoff to theirdens. When poreupines are plenty all the apples are carried out of the orchards, and the frate pomologist vo doubt attributes their disappearance to the villaze boys. He gave several instances of their predatorv habits, but one will suffice to show what they can do, Missine large quanti- ties of his apples, he lay for the intruder one night with a shot-gun. ~Presently he espied a ‘porcupine come into the orchard and make up to the choice tree, where the mellow and luscious apples lay thick upou the ground. Over and over it rolled smong them until it attainéd an enormous size, and o big ap- ple_was on each particulor quill. Haviog loaded itsclf down to tbe wuards it moved off, and be tollowed it. A =ood opportunity offer- ing, be fired at it, and fortunately killed it. 1 plcked up the apples,” he said, *and measared them just lor curiosity, and that porcupine was getting away with just two bushels and threc pecks of Tem.” - ' ~* How larze was the porcupine! How much did it weigh#’ I ventured to inauire. “Well, it was some two feet long and six fnches high; would weigh five or six pounds be- fore it was skinned," was the reply. ‘I'wo bushels and e pecks ufyg'!cen apples would weizh about 125 pounds, and would make 2 rood load for a full grown man, and et there are plenty of peoole, both In town and count who say that newsvaper men are ziven to ma oz reckless statements. But what 18 most sin- ular about these porcupiue stories iz that there is DOt mow aud never were auy porcupines in this country, outside of zoological wardens and traveling menageries. Another curions fact f5, that 1 bhave heard precisely the same stories told with the most solemn carnestuess, and without the slightest variation, in alinost every part-of the Union, Ly parties who_have Teither read or traveled. Upou inquiry, 1 have also found that the ancestors of the people who nost frequently tell them were origially from Southern Europe; and it is reasonable to infer that these wonderful porcupine storics have lgw anded down througn tradition for at least years. DISFIGURING NEW YORK. Pathetic Interest in London on Account of tho Elevated Kalironds. Zondan Standard. The Island of Manhattan, upon which the city proper lies, bas no special beauty other than belongs to the rivers by which it is inclosed, the splendid bay by which it s approached, and the views which meet the eye of a spectator Jooking from cither extremity of the island to the right or to the left. But the surroundings of the city possess a rare and signal beauty. The Hights of Brooklyn on the one side, and of Jersey on the other, present attractions such as few seats of active commerce permit the visitor to en- joy. The instant that the traveler by the Hud- son River or Ruilway emerges trom the suburbs be finds himself in presence of views on either side st:nmcl% surpussed by the bunks of the Rbine itself. Toward the uooecr end of the island, and, indeed, as soon as the older and strictly commercial quarter is left behind, the strects tnemselves have that sort of grandeur ‘which alone is proper or seems possible to x city adapted to modern notions of conveuience and health rather than to sacient or medieval con- centions of eleance, art, and splendor. The | width, the nnbroken length, and sometimes the architecture of Broadway, of Filth avenue, and of some other principal thoroughfures are very striking to the citizens, we will notBsay of Map- chester or London, but of Liverpoo! or of Huam- burg. The brown-stone wansions and churches, which at firsc sight present a dull sud almost painful contrast to the brighter colors of Euro- bean buildings, acquire, as soon as the eye be- comes reconciled to the dexd, dull hue, sombre beauty of their own, aud at worst com- bare tavorably with that diney-brown colorine which smoke, fog, and carclessness give to the streets of English towns. There is, then, some special reason to regret that New York should be the first victin of a new form of ugliness, a new sort of toriare for irritable nerves and educated tastes. Om'the otber hand, an_idea so_thoroughly democratic and commercial—so recklessly sucrificing to the Turrying eagerness of the ninsteenth century, the comfort of life, the privacy of homes, arciii- tectura beauty, snd perbaps public safety—is tuoroughly in Keeping with the character of the Tonpire City, the subject domain of the Morris- seys, Kellys, and Tweeds, the contre wherein suell millionaires us the Astors, the Vander- Bilts, and Stewarts have made their zizantic fortunes out_of mercantile speculation. The lowest municipal democracy in the world—a. colleetion of -the offscourings frour all Europe, from waich more distant and hopeful fields ol eoterprise constantly drain - awav. the bet- ter eclements of the immigration—is perhaps the only comuunity that could Jeel no shame or regret in defacing the beauty whichh bas bitherto adorned their dwelling- place, to the common advantage of all its iu- babitants. Thne destruction by the Parisian Commune of the proudest splendors of Paris, the schewe of Manchester to deface the fairest district in England in order to cheapen and im- prove the water-supply, must, however, re- strain the severity of European strictures on the vandalism of the New York ochlocracy. But as yet such thoroughfares as those of New York can hardly be traversed by locomo- tives, while, on the other hand, the enormous cost of subterrancan railroads, even were it sure %o be repaid by the traflie, would hardly be congenial to the economic spirit of Ameriean therefore, a8 1867 enterprise. So long ugo, a railway was actually scen passing some t v feet above the heads of fout-pas: along ome of the most crowded traficroutes of the dock-yvard aud warchousing district. Siugle coluinns supported iron bars extending to the full width of the line, and on these werc pinced the sleepers (if the term may be properly upplied to Wooden bars arranged on a prineiple quite dis- tinct from those to which we apply the name), wherenoon again rested the raiis themselves. A few vears later this lino wus extended toalength of five miles, and 8 similar system is now in process of being carricd out through all the rincipal lives of traflic along and acruss the sland of Maubattan. The acriul track is to pass not over the foot-paths. but- apvarently over the entire width of tne street. The trains .will be oo a level with the upper stories of those gencrally lofty mansions which are inhabited by the well-to-do _citizens, and will of course not merels affect the Icelings of their inhabitants by destroying the sensc of privacy, but will create o practical nuisance bardly toler- able to the steadiest nerves. ‘The line of columns suDEorllnz the track will be double, splaced where the curb of the footway bounds the road, so as to interfere as little as possible with citber branch of the traflic below. ‘Aerial stations and platforius reached by steps will be placed at every half mile. Seeinz that every route aloag which suy considerable pas- senger or [reizht traflic has to pass is already well provided with tramways, it would scem that the mere convenicuce and speed of loco- motives—the difference between. six and fifteen miles an hour—could not be worth the sucrifices and apuogance which this new sclicme must cause. e are sure, ot any rate. thay considt ations of this kind will Joog exclude the new Jention, whatever its American triumphs, from our own strects. Of course time is as valuable 1o busy men lere as to those beyond the At- Jantic, but, after all, the value of an extra twenty minutes per diew spent in traveling is ratner fanciful than real; and American haste and burry are duc more to uervous excitability than any real pecessits at all commeusurate with the waste of comfort, health, and life which they are known, lo entail. LAKE FOREST ACADEMY. Lake Forest, IlL, July, 1878 —The Local Committee on Examinations respectfully report that the work of the Academy has been, s0 far as the examinstions attended furnish a test, well done. A finished education has not been attained, we presume, by any of the oaplls of the year; but, in almost every case,a suitable begioniniz has been made (which we take to be the appropriate-work of academy-teaching), and the pupil has been prepared to pursue his more advanced studles with pleasure and success. We find the teaching of the Academy wiscly allapted to. the needs and capacity of the boys Fho receive it; so that, while more is pot .de- nanded than should fasrly expected from pupils, of such see and advancement, vet the hizhest Teasonable deeree of progress is {nsisted on. e note with pleasure the attention paid-to mpbiess ia_ recitation,—a quality which fo- B ives, in 8 Jarge mensure, the power 10 com- Iaana at will the knowledge actually possessed.” ccordingly, we find less of what may be catled. intellect: ishinéss than 1s common in saeh Bchools: ~ - - Pt {IAST Yt g ‘The deportment of the pupils. under examin- ation was generally excelleut, nd there was “rery Indication of wise apd faithful teaching on the one hand, and, in nearly all cases, of ditf- gent and sucerssful study, on the other. ‘Without goling fully into details, we think it ‘York Herald the astoundin not improper to mention particularly the class just prepared for college,—the complete prud uct, and . therefore, perhaps, the’ faircst spee- ;;mm‘ of the Academy training, This class, af. fl\"e meubers, acquitted itself throughout with & lighest credit. The recitation in Eower, and especially that in Euclid, showed o maatery of the respoctive subjects as.rare as it is de- sirable. Among the younger boys we find the classes o Virgil and Caisar, the advanced cluss In Arithmetic, s well as partment, worthy fl?suedn!l ar’allsl:a’.’ Erimey Do Of theinstraction fn music, us illustral ' ted b the performances of cight young entlemen 8 the closing exercises fn the church, we can spesk _with mngnalified commendation. The bigh character of the pietes played Is especially gratifying, in contrast with ~the mnoisy or tinklivg trash whichi is often produced on such oceasions. We cannot-but comptiment the instruction which has fitted s class of school- boy puplls to perform with 8o much taste and appreciation the elevated compositions of Chopin, Beethoven, Mozare, Rubinstein, and Thic members of the Committee arc azreed in thé opinion ‘that, in the vears of thelr ae- quaintance with the Academy, it bas never shown greates efficiency in iis work, nor closed a session with more hopeful auguries for the fature. Cuarces 8. Hovt, 3 Annie F. FxeRY, M. Erriz Nzep. ‘GEN. GRANT IN NORWAY. What One of the Leadinz Newspapers ot ‘Christinnia Hlas to Say About *Our Ulysses.” Ex-President Grant is, as eversbody knows, at present sojourning among the sturdy Norse- men, in rowantic and picturesque Norway. tie receives a most cordial welcome wherever ne comes, and the people show him everywhere the most marked attentipn. More than 10,000 neo- ple greeted him upon his arrival at Christiania, the Capital of Norway, with rousing cheers, the like of which could but emanate irom Norse lungs. The Dagbladet, one_of the leading morning pavers, in its Issue of July 13 says: Gea. U. 8. Grant, ex-President of the United States, arrived in this city this morning. Having, by choice of the people, served two terms (efht years) as the head of the Govern- ment, the General has now visited several of the European countrics, and everyvhere has e been received with that considerate and respectiul esteem awakened ov his own name no less taan by the thought of that miehty nation, the sal- vation of which through u fearful cnisis pring pally was due to him, whose rulcr durine an im- rartum period of development with great honor he has been, and which forever will mention his among the nawes of its truly zreat men. Gen. Graut las, Jike his predecessors, stepped down (rom the pinnacie of power to the quict- wess and_ pleasures of private life. Heis nut possessed of auy of those vain ambitions which follow that twotles horde of pretenders who now are suflisfently numerous to create ther own class in monarchical Europe, and who can be seen every year dragrine frowm one Court to snother, accompunied by their Mintsterial as- pirants and miniaturc Courts. This will, ‘in- stead of making any cut in the hearsiness ol the sympathy that is manifested toward the former President of the United States, stil more forcibly illustrate the ureat difference there is between the authority bestowed by a confiding people and the authority that very often rests principally upon the contested rights of inheritance,—the great difference between that power thatis an expression fur the re- quirements of the time, and that which think it can govern both time and the free will of the people. “Che charaeter of the people whose zucst Gen. Grant now is is known tohim from eariier davs. We reeall with gratitude the pra Quring his Administration, publiciy exoressed for our emigrated countryinen, - and the testi- mony he gave them as being industrious work- ers. houest people, and good citizens. He has known them not_only during time of peaces more than one Norwezfuu shared the honors under his banner durinz the War, and thers was more than one who, by wiving bis life-blaod, sealed bis devotion and Joyalty to his adopted country and the noble catse of the Univn. “\nd now, when ticu. Grart visi:s our coun- try, we have ocesion to remark that the ties which bind us to bis home date further back thian the tine wheu it tirstshowed 1ts hospitati- tv to.our countrymen. The man who now i3 called * the Father of our Constitution ™ has stated that, upon the organization of repre- sentation, at Eidsvold. 1n 1814, the delegates bad only the American Coustitution iu view. And it is not ouly in this that we have co- deavored to bring about o simlarity in our Constitution,—we, tou, have excluded® the Councilors of State from our National As- semblies. The United States and Norway aro the only conntries alike fu that respect. We mention this, aithoush we well know that it is not political studies or comparisons thut is thelobject of the General’s visit to Europe,— merely to remind of thut relationship which, in more than. one sense, biuds us to the land whose first and greatest citizen be Is. A heartier welcome than ours he will never have found. THE DEATH OF OUEEN MERCEDES, Extracts from a pritute letser iwcrities by an Anmer- ‘Tean duily, now a Sister of tie Order of the A samption. CONVENT OF THE ASSTMPTION, MADRID, uly2— . . . You will hase read in the papers the accounts of the illness of our already beloved Queen. After muelr suffering she left her eartnly home and crown for eternal ones in fleaven. She left a broken-hearted husband and a mourning Court. All bear testimony to her virtues, and lovely Chiristian character and influence. Hundreds of garments for the poor (tate by ber and under her direction, found in her wardrobes, attest ber humble spirit of char- ity; indeed, =vcrvt.mn§ shows what u loss poor Spain has suffered In the deatt of this Tovely Christian Queen. Her poor boy-husband, who loved her from childbood, s ter- ribly bereaved by this sudden loss. Oualy five wonths and Madrid - was brilliant with the marriage-rejoleings: now, the belis and cannou prociaim that the liznt and hope of Madrid has groae out, and the splendid corteze bears the voung Queen to the solemn halls of the Escurial. Accordint to her uwn request. her body bas not heen cibalined; and, 2120 by the same wish expressed, she was buried in o relizious éress of an ancient order whose name sbe bore. She wuscalled Mercedes, which Ieans Mercy, and there was & beautiful, order founded in the twelfth century, called “Order of Merey,” since its object Was the rausom of the Christian captives tak y the Moors foto. Africs. This order still uxu% though it no Jonger has the same class of charitable works; and’ she chose to be dressed in the simole costume of this crder. So she Lias gone, our dear little pupil and Queen Mercedes,—zone out of this world of temptation to a purer and more glorious home. All ery, God bless her, and zl:omlou those whom ~she has left mourn- g, . . . —————— His Coffn by His Bedside. ey West Dispatch. For some days this week rumors were in cir- culation of the brutal treatment of 3 patient at the Marine Hospital, and we pald the establish- ment a visit. In the dead-house we found upon 2 mattress on the floor, In a room aevoid of all furnitare, the still livinge and breatbing body of 2 man, formerly the steward of the British bark Mary Jane. ‘This poor man, we arc nssured by 2 number of persons who have surreptitiously visited him, had been lyiuz upon that pailet un- attended for three or four days, with an empty coflin by bis eide. Passers-by were begged by bim, by signs, for o few drops of water to assuaze his thirst, when those paid by the Gov- ernment to attend upon him neglectea tacir duty. We met the steward ot the hospital, and were ioformed in an insolcut manoer that it was ‘rone of our buslaess,” aud if a coflin had been placed by the patient’s side it was because *‘he had to die anyhow, and it made noUifference as the man was demented.” We contend that this was our business. e ————— iiydrophobia in England and Wales. Jome interesting flures as to the number of deaths from hydropnobia in England and Wales during the eleven years enaing in 1870, are given {n o Parliamentary retarn recently submitted by the Registrar-General. The total number %S was 337, or 35.2 & year, the retarns showing aa lncrease in the latter part of the gtrlod, the average for the first six years being 6.5 per an- muw, aud for the last five 45.6, while in 1576 the Heaths were 53 as ugainst 47 In 1575. This fu- crease may possibly be laid to the account of in- creaged arcuracy fn obtaining statfstics. Anotl- er curipus point (which may possibly be consid- ered s, strengthenivg such an asswnption) is the fact fbat the deaths are almost all reporied from certain districts. Of the total number of deaths (357), o Jeas than 118 occurred fo cashire, 72 in_West Riding of Yorkshire, 3lin London, and 26 [u, Darham, the disesse appear- ine to be unknowr)-or alnost unkuown, in tie Southwest, the Eastp:the South Midiand, and Wales. b N ... HKnights of l.;r:'o i : Newspapers which bave erpigd fro! iy o l&fl!, that in the State of Calffornia there aro tBiday 111.000 enrolled members of the secretonder of Kaights o Labor, are requested to bear: in mindthat. at | the last clection in that Seate’the entire voto polled was 152,725, This would indicate that s great many of the Kuights are minors rather - than miners. ey & oy e sl BRaiy