Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 4, 1878, Page 11

IREL Climate and Crops in the Emer- ald Isle. Peasantry and Their Cabins— @eneral Desire to Become Land Proprietors. oll-Ownership by the People Sure to Bring a Prosperity Never Be- fore Known. ZLopdonderry Worse Governed and More Grievously Taxed than Chicago. Enjgration—Touriste—The City of Bel- fast and Its Principal Buildings. Special Correspondence of The Tribune. Brursst, Ireland, July %.—Ireland fs blessea sith ss inc 3 climate as wss ever enjoyed by sorpeople. The sun rises clear and warm, and {proueh these lonss, delightful aays throws out gis geoial beat upon the carth, causing all pstaretoreioice. The humid seabreezes and theehowers toat pow and then fall keep the ocnd from becoming parched and arid, and ‘modify the temperature, which would otherwise ‘pecomie too hot to be endured. The vegetation 45 rauk and Juxariant, and delightful to benold. Athis ture of the ¥ear the ficlds of the farm- s are planted with potatoes, barley, oats; and gowand then rye and wheat, and with turnips, csbbages, bects, 2nd parsnips. All of these cops i the XNorth, €0 far as I have bad s opporlumity of observine, are ding well aud promise an abucdant yield during the cominzx fall. Whatever may Have been the poor easaats’ misfortunes in the past, the promises cf the future, so far as the rops are conceraed, are all that could be de- gired. With plents of potatocs and salt, a few abbaves and root veeetables, be will be able to pass throngh the bieak ecason of winter, sitting by Lis turf fire 2s bapoy as the cricket which ehirrue in thie hearth at his side. THZ FOOR PEASANTRY of Douegsl, Derrv, Antrim, aud Tyrone, gener- slis speaking, bave a hard lot in Jife. and strug- plefora meazre existence from early life to Yoary aze; but bard as their lot is, and stripped ssitis of the comforts aud_abundance of most other countries, they are a cheerr, light-hearted, and visacions people; polite to all strangers, Lospitatle, kind, and pitiful, wheuever there is any demand lor the exercise of those benign- ant qoalties. ¢ Ouc thing éeems inseparatle from the Irish peasaut,—that is filth. Therc is an abundance of water in almost evers locality I have visited, but itnever seems to occur to the peasantry . that it wss meant by the Creator to be used. At aoy rate, itis 3 blessing 1 have never seen abused, even io exeeptional justances. Squalar, poverty, aud rags appear 10 be their iuvari- "able inberiiance, handed down from past gen- erations. I bave wisited their cabins, many of them thatehed with straw, and fina them nearly &l alike in this res, “Ihe frish cabins I have «een usually contain two rooms, each about ten fect square. One of these is ueed for 2 kitchen, and the other for a siceping-room for the chick- cns, children, and old folks. T'he floor is made of pravel, cemented with lime; the walls are either made of stones Jaid in lime, or of turf. Sometimes there1s a window containing four small lights of glass, and sometimes the only Jight sdmitted comes through the door, which stands hospitably open for the entrance of the stranger, or of the pig or the cow. if the own those ammals. Fortunatels for woor Paddy, he has nothing worth steahing, so b fs pever obiiited to guard against thelt. HIS LITTLE STORE OF 1NDIAN MEAL, which be b in the city or villaze nearest at Larfl. and bis potatoes constitute nearly his en- tire weaith. He sits on wide benches manufac- tared by himsell, and eats from a rouzh wooden table, also his own handiwork. He is almost favanabty currcunded by a troop of tow-headed children, w st iu bearing the burdens of life at a sauly carly aze. A voung Irish peasant_probably becomes self-sustaining aL the aze of 7 years, and the chanees are that betore that period his economital existence did progenitors more than two-and-six- pence. The tecundity of the Irieh peasantry is remarkable and quite unaccountable to the amateur observer. - Certainly, under the foster- for care of 3 bencficent Government, Ireland ousht coon to begin_to recover the population ehe bas lost in the dizastrous years that have passed. The population of Scotland and En< glaod has more than doubled within the last decade, and it is now time for Ireland to come 10 the Irout als Anthough the condition of many of the pea: n the counties nawed is poor beyond ex- yression, it 1s better than it has been i former years. [t i Treland was never so prosper- ous as ehe is to-day. Her trade and comtmerce are large and reasing, ber manufactures, thoush Jhmited, are improving, her boggy land 12 being reclaimed and tilled, her blesk hill- €des begin to smile under the band of the hus- tang¢man, and the infinitesimal accumulations of herhardy \ry are dripping drop by drob into the savings-banks, thus creating a very cou- siderable amount of surplus wealth. Bankers 20w obtain much of their money, uot from the weaithy landiords, but fromthe tenantry of Jreland. . The moditication of the land-laws of the country by the English Government has done wuch towards bringiug about this desired tesnlt, and much more wight be accompl mthe same wav by granuing further facilities ar the purchase ol land by the occupyiugs ten- ams, Indeed, this subject has been referred to s sclect committee of Parliament, which bas al- ready made a favorable report. Tticre {s & wencral desire on the part of the tevantry 1o become ) ABSOLUTE OWNERS OF THEIR FARMS, The unquenchable longing which exists in the beart of every free-born American to possess some £pot of earth which be may call his own, aud to which he may retire and intrench him’ eull acainst the cocroachments of the great, surzing world, aud. which he may build up, adorn, improve, and bless with his toil, and 1o which be may bring the treasures of his heart and all that he holds dear uponearth, alsoexists i the breast of the humblest Irish peasant. To achieve this end he will toil in the early morn- ing and in the heat of the day_through stormns and snowe, steeping upon_a pile of straw at Dight under a thatched roof which impertectly ebelters him from the rain, and bear the bur- dens of 2 bleak and wintr? existence, that he may at last cluim for his own what the Almighty doubtless intexded should be as free as the air, —a few poor roods of ground. 1t certainly does not. reguire much arcument fo prove that by the increase of _the nomber of small proprietors a stability would be_given to the social svstem here which would tend to spread contentiment throughout the land and 'romote an indu: and thrift amougst the nsh peasantry herstofore uuknown. Prudence 0uZht W prompt the English Parliament to en- courage the purchase of their *‘holdiugs™ by the Irish tenantry, when such a course might brevent arcbuellivn, and in event of a foreign Tar and possivle disaster to_ tbe mother coun- 1ry, a dismemberment of the union which now exists betseen the two. Auexaminationof the record<shows that, since the pessage of_the Land act of 1870 to the close of the vear 1577, 710 tenants purchased their boldings in the Landed Estates Court, for which they paid the gross sum of 418304175 The Tumber of tenants purchasing anrea of ground during this period under ten aercs wae 105. he number purchasing ten_acres and under fteen meres was 61 The number pur- chasine fifteen acres and upder twenty was The number purchasing twenty acres aud under thirty was 100. The number Dunhasing thirty acres and under fifty was 137 The number purchasing fifty acres and under W acres was 137 The number purchasing 100 arce avd upwards was 105, making a total of 70 parcnasers. LUnder the third section of the first clause of TEE LANLLORD AND TENANT AMENDMENT ACT OLIST2 the Board of Wurki is authorized to d- Yance monev to the tenant-purchaser in cases ¥lere tye sales were nop had_in the Landed Esates Court. Under this section the Govern- ment bas advanced 435,000, or $175.000, L0 forty- #ixof the 710 purchasers above mentioved. By theprovisions of the Hity-fourth section of tue Laxd act ot 1810 the Treasury was autborized tosdrauce to purchasers for the purposes of theseta sum not exceeding $5,000,000. There as been advanced to purchasers under this zlavse about $2,104,000, ehowing that its opera- +ots have been highly successtal, and that_the time iz not far distant when the “bumble tillers of Liich =oil will be the sbsvlute owners of the landther dress with thieir sweat, and will sit in z:ngzs from which no alicn landlord can evict . Tiere are a number of obstacles to be over- fomg, howerver, before the eale snd e of can be made entirely successful. A large proportion ’cc;x'}‘?z for hsnln&go in tlfi:‘ b ourt are held under fee-form grants an :{ffl for lovg terms. The apportionment ol} & fints reserved by these grants and Jeases and the condition of sales to indemnities con- gequent thereon, have increased the difficaltles, inconvenience, aud expense of dividing euch estates into small lota. Many estates are also subject to annuities and jointures, and the ef- fect of the [changine orders in re. Epect to loans to tenants {s to displace the priority of such annuities, aud, fn 1he case of sale or forfeiture, to destroy:them. Aliese are come of the obstacies which have arisen in the making of advances to tenants upon such estates, icasmuch as these advances in some cases prejudice the securicy of such #n nuitants. The cost of investizating the titles Of estates, both of the landiord and tenant, and the inipediments to the avplication of the ‘pur- ;-::‘s:un‘::x;{’nr::e cns]u of setrled estates sub- ces, have seri il e fl'i'}llx the applrazianalol’ s act T eriered ¢ provisions of the Land sct ai ye generally understood by fha peasantyy, aor 1oy £ales hiave, in consequence of this fact, been for less than Lhey otbertwise would have boen, with- putany doubt. The atteation of Parliament aving heen dirceted to this subject, and much having aircady been accomplished in the rizht direction, there 1s ground for Lope zhat A THOROUGH REFORMATION WILL TAKz PLACE IN IRELAND in reference to the purchiase and sale of lauds, and that the peasantry of Ircland will at last be put on an’ equalty with the peasantry of other countries. Even Britsh stupidity csnuot fail to see that the prosperity of Ireland will give the Enghish Crown peace and security at home and strengtly ebroad. With half a chiance, the pessantry of the country will rise above the. level they now occupy, and large numbers of them will become the owners of the soil they tll. Ireland will then entér upon an era af prosperity such as she hus never yet known, for the advance- meut of the country depends ot upon its titled aristocracy and gentry, but upun the thrifty haud of industry. The areaof Ircland is a lit- tle mare than 20,000,000 of acres, of which abont 13,000,000 are cultivstible, the belance being bougy and wet. The soil is rich and productive. aua the cercals which grow here may be pro- duced in abundance and perfection. The orean- ized iniquity of Irish landlordism is passing rapidly away, and will soon awell in the 1memories of men as_ the recollection of & horri- ble dream. The hardships of the past, the famine of years gone by, the poverty, squalor, and destitution of even the present »day, will slowly float away like the dark, low-hanuing clouds of a storm, leaving a clear sky and a bow of promise for the future. Then the abode of the cottier will be the home of plenty, and, the Irish people will stand forth among the- peonle of the world a happy anda restored race free from oppression, independent and un conguerable 1a spirit, ana as hurdy and thrifty in their habits as the inbabitauts ‘of the Scot- tish hills just visiblc in the biue distance across the Channel. land of- Landed Estates FUNICIPAL TAXATION has been the subject of inquiry to some extent, and 1 must say that. in some instances at least. the resulc has been quite surprising, and the cowmnparison not at all unfavorable to Chicaro. It misers loves companr, I think L have di covered some facts which will make our City Fathers rub their hands with glee, for I hare discovered a_municipality worse governed and far more grievously taxed than Chicazo. The wandering eye of the reader of this paper can- not help being riveted by this extraordinary statement, and his attention transfired by the stuvendous revelation about to be made. The uuhavpy cits to which 1 refer is the Town of Londonderry, where the annual assessment amounts to 33 per cent of the entire valua- tion of property. Every three years an smount ‘equal to the” value of ~ the property taxed is hLanded over to the Government. This city is mzpaged by a body corporate consisting of six Aldermen and eight- ecn Councilors, and it is divided into three wards. The value of the ratabie property of the city is about £65.000, or $325.000. The tex, at the last assessment, is a tnfie over five shillings on the pound. This enormous tax is made up of the borough rate, imposed by the Town Council, amounting to four shillings per £1 anpually, the county sess, imposed by the Grand Jury, amounting to sixpence per £1, and the bridge tax, amounting to something over six- pence per £1. There1s also a small tax amount- ng to something like a h'nenny per £1 for railroad purposes. It will thus bé seen that the ‘eople of this town have something to pay in he way of tuxes, a3 well as their trans-Atlantic neighbors. ‘Tlie last report of the income and expenditure of this corporation for the hall-year, made by James W, Grezg, Town Clerk, now before me, shows an estimate of £8,121 6d, or an annual tax of someihing over $40,000. This report shows that the cleaning of the streets of Derry costs annually about &7.500. The lighting of the city costs the corporation $9,200. The Police Deyartment costs about the same amount.. The Mayor receives a salary of about 32,500 per an- pum, and the subordinate officers are propor- tionally well paid. Unimproved property with- in the jimits of the corporation is nou taxed at all. Dwellings and busiuess houses standing vacant are not taxed during the time of sueh vacancy. In this city the property-bolder does uot pay the taxes, but that burden is shiftea ‘upon the shoulders of the tenant. Here,it a man moves lus family into a_house, he is ren- dered liable to pay the taxes due upon the property, and his ‘houselold furniture may be suized and eold to satisly the de- wmand if be refuses to come forward with the cash! If a preceding tenant has moved out of the house Without paying the 1sxes due upon it, one is immediatelv served with notice 10 step up and pay the delinquent debt on penalty of being sold out. Such iaws as these would make the CHIC§GO LANDLORD'S FACE 10 shine as the Sun. As for a municipai debt, Derry can boast of 2 balance ou the wrong side of the Jedger of about $375,600. This is quite respectable, and would do eredit to Chicago. “There 15 10 such thing as u delinquent-tax hstin Londonderry. When au individual pevlects to make his donation to the public treasurr, heis notified by a town official, and, if he still delays, heisarrestedand brought betorea Magistrate and finea theamount of the taxes duc, with the costs of the proceeding. ‘Thenif he does not pay he is walked off to jil for contempt of courl. The resuly of this summary way of pro- ceeding is that the taxes are all paid. A tittle of tnis Kind of medicine might help Chicago. Certainly it has its advantages. Notwithstanding the propor- tionaily large sum expended by the corpora- tiou for cleaning the streets of this place, they are in a filthy condition, and, though water is abundant, and the draizage facilitics excellent, the authorities put them to Yery poor use. On account of the increased wazes paid to la- borers in Ireland. and the decreased wages paid them fn Americs. the tide of emigration dur- in, the vear IS8 has somewhat decreased. Londonderry s one ol the chief embarking points bl emicrants for America, but the num- bers who leave here now are comparatively few. The table of the Registrar-General of Ireland, Mr. W, M. Durke, recently presented to the Viceroy, shows that during the year 577 the number of emisrants who lelt Irish ports which was an increase of 2,910 over of the previous vear. Of this number 33,503 were natives of Ireland, and 2,722 were persons belonging to othercoun- tries. There were 5,142 0f these from the Prov- ince of Leinster, 13,602 from thbe Province of Mupster, 16,723 from the Province of Clster, and 3,036 {rom Connaught. _ ; The total nmwber of emigrants, natives of Ireland, who left the lrish ports from May 1, 1351, to Dec. 51, 1877, was 2,453,481. The annual ration, according o these tables, fluctuating from 190,322 in I 76. Over 67 per cent of these emi- grants were between the ages of 15 and 35 vears. Tbe bulk of this vasi emigration went to America, thoush large numbers found homes in Great Britain. Thus 15 the native population forced from a country whose il is of unsur- passed fertility, and whose climate is almost unequaled in the world, to people the rucky hilis of Scotland and Wales, or_to awell the already overcrowded cities of Engiaud, or 1o find homes tar distant from kindred, friecds, and tender associatious, in the wiids of the Jew World. o ‘At present Ireland i visited by & LARGZ NUMBER OF TOURIST: from Engiand, Scotland, and America. Each one of these has his pational peculiarities. The Scotehman s sbrewd, civil, and _courteous; the ‘American is good-natured, vulgar, aud _inquisi- tive: and the Englishpian is stupid, exclusive, sud arrogant. The American avd Scotchman appear to travel for_the purpose of enjoyment ana observation. The Englisaman seems to be fultilling a grave and_solemn duty. which gives himseli ereat discomfort, and coufers upon the people he visits an_inestimable pri ilece. The Aunerican walks abour with a goud-natured, elf-consciousness, as though he was an animal a3 caravan, beut on making a show of himse: He laughs at eversthing he sees which is differ- ent from bis own_country, makes friends with everybody, criticises everything freels, points out the dilfercnce betwedn the iustitutions of reland and America, informs cversbody with- out the stizhtest reserve, or apprent regard for the feelings of patriotic pride which fereigners may possess for their own couvtry, how much in advance the United States is,in every re- spect, 10 the balance of the world. He keeps evervoodylaughing st his remarks. pays liber- ally and even recklessly, and rushes from point to point with wearyibg impetuosity. The Scotchmsn 15 Quiet, upassuming, observing, ecopomical, and decent, bent on_getting all he can for the' money invested. The Eoglishman travels with his nose pointed to the sum, never laughs, never speaks Lo auy one, always tries to met the best of eversthing, and wherever he 7oes s captious, fault-inding, and bard to vlease. He is a dieacreesble companion ever; where, and the terror or Jandlords and atten ants. What he travels for_ncbody knows, and everrbody appears to wish that he bad stopped at home, where his heaviness, stupidity, and fault-finding disposition might be better apore- ciated. He is a pounchy brute, with no more sentiment about him. than about apeck of beans, With this dart through his vitais, let us leave him to writhe. BRLFAST, where I arrived last evening after a delightful ride of two and a half hours through the most pleturesyue rural scenery in freland, lying be- tween Portrush and this city, is the chief com- mervial metropolis of the country. It is a thriving, growing city, and carries the evidences of life and activity about it. In 1821 the poou- lation of Belfast was about 37,0005 now it is estimated at not less than 215,000,—showing an {wmense gain. There are many points of nter- st In and around the city well worth the trav- eler’s attention. The town is sitnated on the River Lagan, near where that stream pours its sluggish flood into an elongat- ed bay ~ known as Relfast Lough, Its commercisl facilities arc excellent, and the ocean-steamship lines call st this port. The steamers of the White Star. Line were built here, and the extensive ship-yards beiow the city are hives of industry, giving smployment to tbousands of men. There are independent lines of steamers running daily between this city sud Glasgow snd Liverpool, and much linen goods und farm products are by this means sent out of the country. The bay is well sheltered from the northwest winds, giving safe aud sccure suchorage for ships. The name is derived from Beal na forsad, an Irish sentence, measing “Month of the ford.” The quuys arc exteusive, forming a con- tinuous line of docks from Queen’s Bridge for more thav 2 mile. The 1wo principal docks are called Prince’s Dock and Clarendon Dock, which sre reserved for the foreign shipping. In addi- tion to these there is the Abercoru Basin and Camiltou Graving Dock. There are also float- ing docks capabie of accommodating vesscls of the largest size. At these piers may be scen at all times u perfect forest of masts, and the erim fuunels of ocean steamshins from the priucipal ports of England and America, There are many new buildings in process of construction, thus giving the city quite the appearavee of an American town. The general appearanice of the city is clean and neat, with a show of thrift und business upon the streets, which are wide and rerular. The hotels are clean and comfortable, and high-priced, and are run upon the Eurovean plan. The great trouble with these hotels is the difliculty of finging out beforenand what yon have to pay. Usualty the traveler has to disburse as much in the wav of fees to the attendants asthe bal- ance of his bili comes to. This is an insidious expense which a travelercan never tell auy- thing about in advance, but covcerning which he carries away sorrowful recollections. Some of THE PRINCIPAL BUILDINGS of Belfast are the Commercial buildings, situ- ated vppusite the end of Donegal street, built in 1820, and which are familiar to many Irish- men in Awerica, the Belfast Baok, at the cor- ner of Waring and Doncgal strects, the Fres- byterian Church ou Rosemary street, the Provincial Bank in Hercules place, the mew Roval Theatre, ou_Arthur street, the Ulstar Bank, on Waring street, the Custom- House and Post-Office, the Northern Bank, on High street, St. Aon's Parish Church, on Donegal street, erected in 1776, the Harbor office at the head of Clarendon Dock, and the flax-mills aud linen warchouses in Donegal Square. The artillery barracks are situated on North Quecn street, and not far distant is the intantry barracks, in both of which are quar- tered lier Majesty’s Roval troops, ket here for some purpose, no one knows quite what. The Belfast_Charitable Socicty’s house fronts on Donegal street, not far from the barracks. This building was erected in 1774 for the recep- tion of aged sud infirm persons and poor childven, “and s sustained wholly = by subseriptions, bequests, aud donations. Trinity Church is ' not far away from this last-mentioned buliding. 1t was erected in 1543, St. Patrick’s Roman Catholic Chapel stands at the northern end of Dovegal street. The Royal Academical institution and Govern- ment School of Art is situated in a Jarge square in the central part of the city, not far Irom the Ulster Railway terminus. This building was oriminally crectea in 1500, and is a very plain snd substantial pile. _ Christ Church is also witbin_this square. The gaol is a substantial new building situated ~on Crumlin_road, erccted and “openad in 186. The Court. House, built in 1850, is dircctly oppo- site the =maol, and {5 a substantial stonc structure, with ample accommodations for the admivistration of justice. The Museum of Belfast is situated o the north side of College Square, and contains 4 rich collection of Irish antiquities, some geological mineralogical “speciment illustrative of the Ginnt's Causewny and other Interesting voleanic formations. This building was erceted in 1530. Then there is the Presbyterian Church, Fisherwick place, opened Dy the celebrated Chalmers in 1827, ST. MALACHT’S ROMAN CATHOLIC CHAPEL, opened in IS4, s also in this vicinity. The plan of the building is cruciform, in the Tudor style of architccture. Besides these build- s are Ulster Hall. on Bediord street, the Linen Hall, in the centre of Doncgal Square, the Music-Hall in Arthur street, St. Geort's Church on Hizh street. and Queen’s Collexe on the Batsvia Garden Road, the Presbytertan College at the extremity of University Square, the Methodist College opposite the Butavia Gardeu, and the Model School, on Falls Road, opposite Ardmoulin place; these comprise the educational facilities of th city. As tothe matter of municnal taxes, Belfast hus something W boast of, the regular annual rate being something over 22 cents on the dol- tar. is_an income tax, which sweeps in nll those Who escape the property tas. How people live aud support such enormous taxes it s hard 10 state. The cost of sustaining the Coustabulury alone j& morc than the cost of runuiug the_entire Municipal Govern- ment of Chicago. The people here pay for the prvilege of being protected not_less annually thau i3¢ ceuts on the dollar. The abolitiow of tae civil forms of government and the aesocistion of individuals for protection would be far more effective and lcss expensive than this. The gas-works of Belfastare run and owned Us the corporation, with a manifest gain to the people. No gas monopolics are tolerated here. Gss costs the consumer UL cents per 1,000 cubic feet, and tbe coal from which it is made is mostly brougnt from England. Thus it will be seen that the mocster gos monopolies of Chicago have some margin to go upon. The price of beef s about 12 vents a pound. and other articles of foud in proportion. On the whole, wne cost of iiving is ubout the same as itis in Chicago. Articles of clothiug may be purchased at_s much lower firure than with us as may also beer and whisky. F.EN. e HAUNTED, A ¢temal shade once passed my door, A ehadow dark and black as nigat, And stretched yseif upon the floor— A gri and ghastly, borrid sight. 1 walked with quick, unceasing step, Crossed ard recrossed the narrow hall; Ard enl the shadow lingered yet— Dark. and more dark. it seemed to fall. 1 wildiy cried, **O basten. dawn?” And dercely smote my burinz bead; The snadow keemed to lauz 1n scorn, And echo vack yhe words I said. Long sears bave trod their onwara track, Have draz zed their weary length ajons} Aud still the shadow, dark and black, Langs o'er me with its threatenng arm. 1 wander down the crowded streci— The shadow there is plzinly seea; And, when my dearest friends ] greer, Thiat hideous face is there between. Upsecn by any eye but mine, 1¢ ever lingcrs oy my sudc cars Ana prayers are a in valo— ught now but death eax os divide. Cmcaco, July 31, 1575, Lavna UNpEREILL. Shumla. Atfast the Turks have given up their fdol, thé great fortress of Shumla. Itis the gran outpost of Coustantinople, and has been the most_important stronghold, not only of the famous quadrilateral, but of the whole Turkish Empire. 1t is a town of about 40,000 inkabit- ants, and lies in a deep mountain basin on the glupe of the Balkan Mountains. Intrenchment Das beeu added to intrenchment, so that it needs an army o: 30,000 men for a varrison. 1t bas . been exceedingly dear to the heart of the Turk- ish people, as 1t has stood tiepres almost without number suice they gai ession of it in 1357, aud has withstood them all. The title, * the victorivus,” was long since given it hy the Porte, as If it were a man, and the official docu- ments aiways refer 1o it as Ghazl Shumla. ln all the Turko-Russian wars, including the one just closed, it has formed the point of concen- tratiou for the Turkish forces. In 1774, 1310, and 1823 the Russians made vizorous but vain efforts to capture Snumls, but during the last two wars it has been leftalone. Gen, Diebitscls, in 1529, masked 1t and passed on to Adrianople. In accordance with the terms of theytreaty of Berlin, it fortifications must now be demolish- ed, after resisting the tide of war for almost 500 years. The evacuation was carried out on the 20th ult., 1 the best order, the Russisns enter- ing the city amid the buzzas of the Christian veople. 1878—SIXTEEN PAGES. 11 NEWPORT. The Cold Wave Kindles the Fire on the Hearth. The Auther of ‘the Bulgarian Lstters Feted--The Titles on the Avenue. The Coach-and-Four and the Farm-Wagon. Our Own Correspondsnt. Newrorr, R. I, Aug. 1.—The cold wave, for which we all devontly praved a week or ten days 270, has come, and &t this writing the unhappy feminines who so recently went wailing about under cover of organdies and Victoria lawns, and miserable at that, ar2 now wrapped in yacht-fannel and other warm fabrics, and wish- ing it would be just alittle less shivery; that the clouds, which have brought the blessed ‘boon of rain, and now ounly threaten and sulk over the town, sending forth cold vapors' which produce neuralgia sad rheumatism, would make way for the sun once more. Wise ones who sit. indoors kinale tires in open erates or firoplaces as a protection. At this moment the crackling of two or three oak sticks,—it would sound more ooctical to say logs, but, like the Father of his Country, 1 CANNOT TELL A LIE,— and “the bright flashes of several tongues of flame therefrom, are creating an atmosphere of comfort and safety in the midst of this cold vapor which the houschold appreciates. And three days ago organdies and Japanese faps were the ordes of the hour! What wonder that, srith such jumps as these in the weather, we are an irritable and nervous people? But, not to complain any longer, let me tell the story, before I go further, of the yacht-race which came off the other day, and which f6r days and days previous to the sailing had been the great topic amongst every one interested in yachts.© It was a race of catrizged yackts. I repeat this biv of information fresh from a yachtsman, and fresh from an elaborute explanation of the genus cat-riggzed boat, as dis- tinct from another rig, without the faintest idea, in spite of the claborate explanation, of the reason for the fciine appelia! To the inex- perfenced, and mot-tu-be-eniightencd. feminine Ese, a cat-rigged boat 1ooks like any other nice sailboat, with, perbaps, a bigger sail. The one fact which did penetrate my density through the explanation aforesaid was that the cal- rigzed boat never carried bit one sail. The summer residents and the citizens of Newport subscribed §400 as prize-mouey, with desire of making the race a spirited one. 3JAMES GORDON BESNETT SUBSCRIBED $100 to the Newport boatmen, and told them if they wanted more they should have it. Is it any wonder that Newport likes him? Ihave before used all my finest adjectives, my gayest and most pointed peroratious, in my little heartfelt gush over yacht-races, so [ am Dot going to o over that ground again, further than to bay that the present race was as prett; 4 sicht as one would see in any waters. Leavi ont tny adjectives, I will quote from my yachts: man the facts in the race tor thebenefit of those who know more about boats; as fixed facts thau as fancies. Owing to the difference in stze, the race was arranred to be sailed in four classes. The first class comprised boats meas- uring 25 feet and over: the sceond class, 20 to 95 feet, not inclusive; the third those of 1S to 20: and the fourth those measuring less than 17 feet. The prize-money was divided so0 as to make a first and second prize for each class. “The entrance-fee was very low,—$2 for ol first and second class boats, and $1 for all third and fourth class boats. Over forty boats entered,— sbout an equsl number in” each class. The beautiful yacht Restless, flazship of the New- port Yacht Club, was the judges’ boat. Her commander, Commodore S. Nicholson Kane, very obligingly ran his boat round from New London in order to place her at the disposal of the judges, while COMMODORE FANE himsclf acted as referee. The judees—Stayve- sant Leroy, Pbilip Schuyler, and Robert Centre —are famons yachtsmen. They had the use of Mr. Alexander Agassiz's steam-yacht Actina for moving about among the yachts. The wind was strone and steady, rolling up a chopping sea that made things lively and a little danter- ous,—one boat, the Sunstine, going bver with ber crew on bher return run. Two other boats—tnc Hebe and the Dick— met with misfortune. but, altozether, it was a epirited race. notwithstanding uccident and error of arrangement in one or two cases, for all ended happily witha supper for the yachtsmen in the cyening. Amongst other junketings that the world outside is expected Lo know about is a receptiou wiven to Eugene SL-)mf'lcr, the United States Cousul at Constantinople during the Russ: rk- ish war. The reeeption was given_by M Wheeler to some of the friends of Mr. Schuy and was said to be a_brilliant as well asan in- teresting affair. Mr. Schugler, it will be remein- bered. is the one who wrote the terrible account of the Bulgarian atrocities which was copied into all the newspapers. Ile hag been the recip- ient of a zood deal of attention here,— TUE LON. WILLIAM BEACH LAWRENCE GIVING HIM A DINSER the other day. Schuyler bas been appointed” Coonsul to Birmingham, and leaves shortly for Europe to assume the dutics of his oflice. In the wake of all these fine doings there is a grand concert on the tapis, where Annie Louisc Cary, Miss Florence Rice-Knox, Miss Sallic Reter, Mme. Teresa Carreno, Mr. Williaw Castle, Mr. Charles Fritsch, Signor Tagliapietra, Max Maretzek, and others, will participate. The concert is by subscription, and all the villasg and eottages pretty mueh will berepresented. To this concerf will come dozens—uay hundreds—of people who don’t care the lift'of their little fingers for music, but who do care to o where a Countess may be one of the audience, or Wwhere they may have a hand in_the same fry wherein the Hon. Mrs. So-and-So has put ber pretty fingers. Speaking of the upper-ten reminds me of the ondit of the hour,—Miss Stevens' marriage with LORD PAGET'S ELDEST SON, and the rumor that the Prince of Wales is to wive them a_wedding-breakiast, directly after which grand event Madame mere, Mrs. Paran Stevens, whom Newport society tmisses in some ways quite as much as it does James Gordon Beunett when absent, will return to her home here. An observer of life and its varied tricks and manners said very truly the other day that society was su cotirely cosmopolitan in_New- port that no foreizner conld possibly make any study of American ways and menns of living. The " varties bave an” English cast, with a dash of ¥French flavor; and on the Avenue, in the words of an English visitor, “One gets a mlimpse of the Bois de Boulogne and Rotten Kow.” Justnow on the Avenue we see the havsom _cab, fmporied from England, and pretty Freueh carriave side by side. Here are the British Minister and THE FRESCI DUC DE FELDRE,~ a descendant of one of Bunaparte's great Mar- shals,—M. de Laurent; the ch Mini Max Outrey, and the German, Baron de Kie with otters of like nobility, from the various uarters of the carth, one would jud drive own toe Avenue beside some Newport ha- bitue. and listen to the string of tities. And vet. outside of what the world ecalis ** society ™ kere, there {5, perhaps, the most characteristic American life and character liv- ing, and mosing, and having 1ts betuy from day t0 dsy rignt beside the fine folk on the Avenue and their grand domgs. This is the countrs character,—the old, middle-class descendants ol the tarmer of former days. There are tamlics of this description, now and then with a strafh of Quaker blood in them, to be found in the outlying country, the heads of which, though well-to-do_farmers themselves, with money in the bank, have no hankering for the Hesh-pots of Egypt,—they may and costly fiving that flashes by in coach-and-fonr from time 1o time. It's all foreizd ficdle-taddle to them; and, When they read in the paper that some beauti- iul daughter of a rich American has married a Lord, they thiuk her & most consummate little fool. and greatly to be vitied for throwing her- scif away ou a **foreizner,” when she micht have had a *‘smart Yankee,” for the *smart Yankee y RNOWS HOW TO MAKE A LIVING, which the foreizuer does not,—a canabiiits wkich the genuine unspoiled New Epzlander regards as besond_all the titles dn the world, with the Bank of Engiana to back the How the pretty dauchters of these philosopbical farmers régard the matter is another question. But they keep schoof and keep their roses from vear to year with a Jook of health that arzues well for their peace of mird, to say the least. 1If some observer—some sthdent from abroad— could hut penetrate some of these pretty snd comfortabie dwellings intognito, and enter futo the everyday life, be mighy find the American character for which he vainly sougzht in the tine arlors on the Arenue. and, no doubt, be vast- v more entertained. and perhaps more clevated, by the shrewd common-sense of the head of the houze and the fresh, ready ‘brigitness of the daushterwno * keeps school than by the society talk of the belles of the Avenue. But that little event is not likely to take place, for the ruis are all well worn, and the cosch-angd-four does not find its way out of its broad deaths; nor dues the farm-wazon ever think of intruding upon its gay - neighbor's zround. Soside by side the two worlds 7o on, and oneknows nothing of -the other,—bow it lives or how it suffers.” Both are “foreign® to cach other; thatis the becinning and the end: | of the whole. EUROPEAN GOSSIP. THE FUNERAL OF MERCEDES. Correspondence London Standard. AMADRID, July 17.—The funeral ceremony over the remains of Queen Mercedes began at 9 o'elock this mornice, lone before waich hour the streets near the Church of San Fraacisco el Grande were erowded in every directioniby peo- ple desirous to see the preparatloss. In front of the principal entracee the square was cleared and guarded. Over the street leading to the church an awning was spread from roof to roof, and the carriages stopped under the shelter of the portico, which was husy with heavy black curtains, £ Before S o'clock the invited spectators began toarrive, and about 4,000 at least entered the chureh, the ereat majority being ladies, clad in decp mourning and wearing mautilias. The mentlemen in eveniug dress coutrasted with thc briltiant concourse of uniforms. The spectators included most of the aristocracy and persons of political eminence. Perfect order reizned, snd the arrangements were complete. In the vave every fuch of space was oceupied. ‘The aspeet of the interior of the church w: very imposing. The light from the window: the domebad been nearly shut out, and this canged a very striking effect. 'There were thou- sands of tapers lizhted in the crvstal and bronze chandeliers, and these cast a splendid bt Jurid wlare on_the walls, which were hung with sable cloth aud black velvet, here and there relieved with argent bands, Scurs de ls, bright escutcheons of the Bourbon and Orleans arms, embossed wreaths of roses and evergrecns, and gome banners. Kven the aome and its cornice were draped in mourning uv to the windows, and right round the coruice, bebind the lights, were hung the coats of arms of the ancient Spanish Kingdoms. 1n medaliions were the let- ters “ M. .7 (Mercedes. the Orleans). In the centre of the church stood a large catafalque several metres hugh, represent- iug @ white monument, adorned with crown of flowers, cverzrecus, and roses, seut by many towns and corporations. This was lighted up also with rich candelebra and hundreds of ta- pers, aud was Hanked by four statues represent- iner four heralds. kings at arms, with coats of the houses of Bourton and Orleans, and hold- ing white banners with the jleur de (is. On the saperior part of the catafalqiie was the sarcoph- agus, with wreaths given by the Royal family and surmounted with the insignia of Rogalty. Suspended from the dome was 2 monster croin, 7 and four long sable scarves extended acruss the dome in the shape of a cross. ‘Lhe altar, which is of Carrara marble, was maeniticens its fing bronze Jamps and ciandelicrs were one blaze of light, set up in reifef by the dark background of its velvet panels, which were stadded with the Jlewr delis and the letter * M," surmounted with & crown. Behind the altar was a towering statue of the Virgin de Yas Mercedes. On the steps and within the railing of the altar stood many priests. Cardinal Moreno, the Primate, officiated. He wore his pontifical robes. and with him were the Nuncio, the_Cardinal-Patriarch of the Indles 2nd cleven Bishops. They were assisted in si ing the requiem mass by sumne distinguished singers. During the mass the scene was very zrand and imposing. Several times the sound of artillery wingled with the beils and the chants. Now the orzan would fill the building with Solemn strains of music of Spanisn composers of the sixteenth century. Then the shrill voices of children cang the solemn “Dies Ire” hymn, and at last the voice of Sienor Tamberlik rose above the choir in the * Miserere Domine vsalm. It wasa thrilling scene, and beyond description. The poble thurch was crowaed with mourners of every rauk, and through the apen door one saw the wultitude outside behind the glittering lines of guards. i After the Mass, tne Bishop of Salamanca, from the pulpit. made 2 loug oraison funebre of Queen Mercedes, praising her qualitics azd de- pioring her prewature death. His voice was hardly audible to the assemblage. Near his Lulpit were the Ministers of the Crown, and to them were the soecial enyoys and their jssions. Opoosite _ the President sce the Diplowmatie Corps. Next sst the Deontics of the Cortes and the members of the Senate, with their Presidents. Marshals, Generals, delezatious, the representatives of the army, the navy, the courts of justice, the Madrid authorities, formed one brillian throng.~ Right round the feet of the catafalaue, and motion- 35 s statues, stood the balverdiers, in Louis Keep back Lhe crowd. The con- slowly dispersed, but ereat numbers of veovle of the lower class remained all day to visit the church. THE * CLAQUE * IN PARIS, Londan Daily News. It was the ches’s business to show some that they could not get on without bitn, and others that he could not do everything for them; but, of course, these services were only rendered for money, and here was the bad part of the busi- ness, for many inferior players, who had paid the “claque™ well, wers applauded far more cuthusiastically than actors aud actresses of greater mierit wio could not atford tobuy plaud- its at a liberal rate. It was often trying to see a conscientious actress whose salary was small come on the staze amid a dead sifence and ex- ert herselfl without obtafning any recognition, while some painted hoyden, with more dia- monds than wits, was favored with continuous salvus. Now and then the public, growing i patient, would right the balance by some sponta- neousoutburst either of bravoes or of hisses, but these maniiestations werc rare, because, as above said, in howses where the ‘“‘clague’! rules, the publie gencrally bottle their feelings. ‘The sums paid in dowcers to the chef’ de claque of the Francaise used to vary between £4 and £3) per annum from cach performer. Some actresses, desirons of making their reputation, have been known to pay several hundred pounds in the course of a season to have the “clague doubled or trebled night after nignts but this is not donc so often at the Francaise asat smatler houses devoled to vpereita. In these places a sonystress ‘who bas wealthy admirers, but whose voice is pot of the steadiest, will sometimes make use of the “claque™ to “‘run down " a rival in the wmusical market. A chef de clague svmetimes pays so much o r to 2 manager for his privileze; but in most ses he works simply on condition of fithing many seats every night with spplauders. hen there is a piece ou the bills which does not araw he way find himself out of pocket” by this arrangement, and it has now and then happened that a chef has had to recruit claguers by giving them five sous a head and a glass of wine between each act to induce them to sit out the five acts of a tedious piece. And even then, many beinz siruck with the fo- congrtity of applauding nonsense, have been known to do their duly in a luKewarin way, Lringing unon themselves the indignant re- prozches of their employer. In _general a chef de ciaque has half a dozen sataried sous-chefs, wiio attend every night end form the pucicus of lus stafl. Their headquarters are at some wine-shop, and there thev recrait their “ Ko~ mang ¥’ nightly oy seiling tickets to them cheaper than at the hooking-ofiice. Whena plece 1s avtractive there are always plenty of volunteers who will applaud for tie sske oi get- tingz a seat cheap, and on the uights of first performances of plays by Dumas, Angier, or Sardou, the “*claque’ seats feteh fancy prices, e in the other parts of the bouse. st two performances of M. Sar- labagas the chef de c’agne at the Van- deville tound buvers at the rate of twentv franes a seat, snd he must have made and amazing hau!; but such occasious are of course exceptional. It is always an understood thinz that a verson who buys a “claque ti botnd ou bis honor to clap whenever the si s g1ven DY the chef; and. indeed, i he fails 1o doso he is nudged in the ribs by oneof the suus-chefs and regaled with some warm language the acts. There are times when a 15 expected to make Bse of 15 iste as_ welt 25 its outstretched palms. If a cadal 1s xor up agalnst 3 plaver it becowes the duty of the “efaqueurs” to see that plager well through the busimess, whether he or she be a liveral “tipper or not. The credit of the house is au stake it such cases, and many_dougnty ‘clag- ueur's iave been known to shed nasal blood in valiantly doing their duts in u pit battle. On 1he whole. thoagh, the sweeis of £ chef de ctagne’s ife exceed the 2ours, snd most of them retire after a few yearswith band One, who had exercised his turbulent fu for more than twenty yvears, became & m: aire, bourht a landed cstate, and was quently returned to tne Imperial Coros Legis- latif as an official Deputy. After havine ap- plauded good snd bad actors, be fitly crowned his cas by applauding good and bad Ministers through thick and thin. THE COST OF BRITISH SPORT. London Truth. “The prices paid for deer-forests this year are enormous. The highest is probably Glenstrath- farar, Invernessshire, the property of Lord Lovat. and let to Mr. Winans, an Americao, atsn sn- nual rent of something lke £7,000, to which must be added the cost of gillies, hill-ponies, ete. Next, probably, comes the Blackmount, in Argyleshire, the property of the Earl of Brezdalbane, and let to Lord Dudley at arent of £4,500 & year. Lord Zetland pays £3,000 a year for the forest of Ben Alder, the property of Sir John Ramsden; Sir Curtis Lampson, 2,500 a year for Rothiemurchus, belonging to Sir J. P. Grant; Lord Stamford, £1,00 for Abernethy; r. Meux, £2.000 for Cannacroc Glenmorriston; Mr. Baes, M. P., £1,800 for Glenguoich; Mr. Hargreaves, £1,500 for Gaick; Lord Holmes- dale, £1,500 for Kinveachy: Mr. Godman, £1,600 for Ivershire: Sir C. Mordsunt, it i3 swid, £3,000 for Glenfeshire; mud r. Thistlethwayte, £1,750 for Kinloch,~a!l in Juverncssshire, in which cozuty alore very nearly £100,00 is paid every sear for sport. Mr. Ellice, M. P., and Mr. Scott, of the Island of Harris. both own valua! forests, too, in Invernessshire. There arc oue or two Lighly-rented forests in Aberdecnshire, Abergeldie beioz let to the Queenat arent, it is_ said, of £2.000; and her Majesty also pays £1,600 for Ballochbule, near Bracmar, the property of Col. Farquharson, of Invercauld. Mr. Cunliffe Brooks, M. P., pays the Marquis of Huntly £2,000 a year for lnch- marnoch, i the same county. In Banilshire, Lord Grosvenor, M. P., pays the Dake of Richmona £1,350 for Glenasen, notwithstanding that his father pays the Duke of Sutnerland £1,600 for Resy,—a- forest in which suffictent sport should be got tosatisty any onlinary man, ahd which, if not lettoa counection of the proprictor’s, would, no doubt, bring ju throe times this sum. Iu Calthness- shire, the Duke of Portland owns the forest of Berriedale, in which a shot is scldon fired now. 1€ Jet, a rent of at least £2,500 a year would be obtained. 1Ln. Forfarshire there are two valuable forests oanly. One is Invermatk, the property of the Earl of Dalhousie, ana let to Sir R. Batesoo Harvey ata rent of £3,000a year: the second being Canlochan, belonging tothe Earl of Airlie, and let to Sl Brooke Middleton for £1,600a year. - In Perthshire, Drumour, the property of Sir D. Stewart of Murthly, is let to Mr. Barclay Fieldata rent of £1,700; and Feslar, belong- ing to the Duke of Athol, to the Hon. C. White for £1,5002 yeur. Iu Rossshire, Mr. R. Loder pass £1,000 a year to Mr. Matheson, M, T.. of Ardross, for Dicbi~ dale; and Mr. Clay £1,400 for Gildermorie, the proerty of Messrs, Furguson and Butler Jobn- stone of Novar. _ Sir Keoneth McKenzie gets £1,650 for Kinlochewe Forest (in which a lady- stalker is very successful); and Lady Ashbur- ton 42,000 for Loclluichart, from Mr. Frank Morrison. Sir Ivor Guest, Auchnasheioch, and Lord Middlcton, ‘Applecross, both own very valuable forests in this county, bt seldom let them. In Sutherland, the Duke of West. minster and Lord Fitzhardinge pay the highest rents. ‘Therentof a good grouse-moor ranges be- tween £500 and £700 a year. Iovernessshire, Pertbshire, Aberdeenshire, and Argyleshire are the best counties, though there are several fair shotutin‘.'i to be got farther south at a medernte rent. AMERICANS IN PARIS, Editortal Correspondence Baltimore American. What is called the American Colony in Paris consists of about 2,000 familics, a Jarze propor- tion of them from the South. A great many of them might be regarded almost as permanent residents. A goodly nuwber of them are peo- ple of limited means, who find that they can live so much cheaper here than in an American ity that they have coucluded to stay. Onc of these remarked to me to-day: “I can live better in Paris on $3,000 per annum than I cotld in New York on #6,000.” He then proceeded to detail the difference. fn New York he would be rearded as nobody unless be owned or rent- cd a brown-stone house, at from $4,000 to $6,000 per annum. Here he could obtain a suit of ele- #ant apartments, in a fashionable neighborhood, at from $300 to $1,000 per annum, and make as ood an appearance as auv oue else ia his sphere. w York be would bave to pay 310 eck for a coachman, while here he could e a landay, with a fine pair of horses, and a liveried footman thrown in, to be always at the reasonable call of his family, for $12 to $15 per week. Then he said he could clothe him- self and family 3 one-balf the expense, aud muck better, than be could in Now York; that servant nire was not haif the cost, and the service better; that there were always amuse- ments here at moderate cost, and a cab at call to take him and family home at all hours of the night for two francs, whilst in New York such a luxury would cost 35. "Thea there was little or noné of the trouble of housekeeping in Paris, a5 a family can be fed chenper than it can feed itself, il satistic @ with Frenca livis But, he remarked, an American can never feel con- teated or comfortable in Paris until he goes to housckeepiug and orders his' own food and prescribes the mode of cooking it. A Freuchman loves the table d’hote, but, it is au shomination to<the American. As soon as they get under their own roofs they all full back to the American mode of living, and luxuriste in griddie-cakes, muffins, Lot rolls, aud buckwheat akes, afl of which a Paris- ian would regard as poison. - They exorcise the borrible French paties, roast and siufl their chickens iustead of Uroiling or frying them, serve up their salad witbout oil, and let those wholove oil oil it: they cat their peas, and beans, and potatoes with their meat, nnd mix things generally just as tbey did at home. They know exactly what thiey are eating, and no lon; er shut their eyes and swallow whateveris gi them without knowing very often whether it is fish, flesh, or fowl. When an American gets under bLis own zoof he is always havpy in Puris, and the ladies capecially become attarhed to it In short, he maintained that sn income of $3,000 per annum would euable 2 man_here to keep his family tn 28 good 2 position in_polite Society as could be done at a cost of $10,000 in New York, and that there were certain ex- penses necessary to positiun_that were oot re- auired liere, and that a fine showing can be made of & limited purs BIS. aton Svorting Times. Prioce Bismarck guve a state dinner to the Plenipotentiaries. At dessert the Marquis of Salisbury suddenly remarked to tbe Prince: “Your flighness will suller from inaigestion; you have just swallowed s cherry-stone.” My Lord,” replied the Prince, somesvhat hangntily, “‘you are mistal " The blue blooa of the Cecils mounted to the brow of the Lord of Hat- field at this, and the guests began to Jook nghast, when the Earl of Beaconsfield inter- posed with that suaviter in wmodo which the noble Earl knows so well bow to emoloy. * Per- mit me,” said bis Lordship: *‘ you muy botn be right and both wrone.”” Addressing the Prince, he said: * Your Highness is far too reat aman to take notice whether you swatlowed ove very, very small cherry-stone.” “‘fwo,” insisted Lord _Sailsbar) “Or two,”” gently added Lord Beaconsfield: *and my noble colleague Is too far-seeing & man to be mistaken in his eye- sight. Will yoar Hizhoess permit me to be the arbitrator on the spot” = With pleasure,” said the Prince. “Will you pass me your piate{” said Lord Beaconsficid. The piate was placed before his Lor p Ly a pgorgeously-at- tired tackey, and, amidst the profound silence of the courtly assemoly, the Prime Minister of England upset the debris of the Prince’s des- gert on the tablecloth, and commenced arrang- ing the cherry-stones in rows: and against cach cherrs-stone his lordsaip placed a stalk, and then deliberately commenced counting the stalks,—one, Lo, three, and so on, up to fAfty- seven. A silence thst was absoluteiy painful reignéd as his Lordship commenced counting the stones—one, two, three, and so on, up o Rity- five, and there stopped. + Your Hichness,” said Lord Beaconsticld, ** there are two stones miss- ing.” The Prince fose, and, iu a voice trembling with emotion, said to Lord Salisbury, * My Lord, you are rizht"'; and thes, approachi Lord Beaconsfieid, threw himself upon nis nec Cxelaimig, ** My Lord. you are the most won- derfui man in Europe!™” e — Bismarck at Home. * London Times. At the present moment it may be of Interest tothe publreto Know the precie manuer in which Prince Bismarck is ascustomed to pass hi time, or, at soy rate, some part of it: and 1 am enabled 1o furnish the following details. My correspondent writes: He lives generally at the Radzivil Palace, which has lately been purchased by the Germaa Government snd adied to the ol Foreiun Office pext door. At the back is a large garien, called bere & “park,” and ongmally cut ofl from the Tier Garteu, or Bois de Boulozne of Be is surrounded by hign walis, and the great Chan- cellor, when be walks there, is carefulls watch- «d over by the police and protected by his now ceicbrated doz, a Jarge, smootb, black boar- hound, which bas succeeded the famous **Sul- tan,” who was poisoned by the Social Demo- crats: The Prince hardly ever ventures into the streets of Berlin, and, indeed, comss 1o the cap- ital as little s vossible. {n conversation Lis manner ls jrank and cordial; be taiks of English books as ove who has read most of them; and be scems to be possessed of a thurauzhly ency- clopedic mind. Nothing, indeed, is 0o small forft; and his fund of Enowledre is constautly increased by the information he obtains trom his_secret police, who, I am_told, tarnish him daily with the most _minute details concerning the Jives of those around him. Tt is his habit after dinner to stroll upon the terrace at the back of his palace, asd to pul volumes of smoke from an enormons chins pipe with a long cherry-stick stem. 1 do_not xoow ywhether his to sons are possessed of any of his intellectual powers: but they have inberited, at auy rate, their father’s vigorous and massive frame. " e THE GAME OF CHESS All commanications for thi addresed {0 oK TaiAuRE. 204 (agorsed L Choges CHESS DIRECTORY. gmc\efl Crzss CLwa—No. 50 Dzarborn street. CHIgA00. Cil=33 1230014T10; = ' B R Chess-plarars meet dally at the Tremont House (Ex- § chsnge), Sherman House (1 25 s S stres. corner of Elisaves L TO CORRESPONDENTS. A. F. 6.~Your last three-mover wi ppear ia due time. appeans &3and, Wig I%. M. C.—The problem ss amended 31 andresoried on next medk or o0 ilbe examized W.H. 0.. 0. R R.. aud othery.—A typographical errar crept int igma No. 13i. The Wilte Q be locatcd at B sq. {nsread of ¢ 8q. Ao ‘The author of Problem No. 137 8 Ly - tion the addition of » White I"lh'llnlgit!(; sfl? 2, ;odn-'e‘xgu :mo"lfll ‘;r‘f‘ni}i‘-{lfik B\s(nunp li! QR \f%lh{n how- ver, that the on of the Pawn at T2 will ke der the problem quite sound. 9 R ENIGMA NO. 140. BY K E. BARDE, cucaco. White. Whtte, Riogat® B osth Kingan i Ke elghth Queea st Q R n Rishop at K | seveath Kook at (f sacond Kpicks at Q Kesixeh Pawn at K Kt stxth Rook at G R sfxth Pawn 2t K B sevenrk Bishop atk Kt second Eeizht at & 3 Tawn at K Ki foursh Pawn at Q Kt foarth WRite to play and mate ia three Toves. = g EROBLEN YO, 110, ect contribatlon to Tz Soxpat TR & Birbe, Eoqy TROTR through BT ME. 5. LOYD, ELIZARETIL X, I Black. ‘White to play snd mate fn two moves. SOLUTION TO ENIGMA NO. 137. Correct sotution to Enfrma No. 137 recelved from. 0.T:- Benjamin and E. Baroe, city. SOLUTION TO ENIGMA NO. 138, TWhite. | 1k, 10KkeS takes B KttoBS UK takes & .PlakesB KBS Correct solution to Enlgma No. 133 recelved fron &, Bewuin, £ Jarte. and .M. Congar. citn t., Turuer, 1l B Ko Ko ¢ mats Kt to K Kt 4 dble chf SOLUTION TO PROBLESM NO. 138. ‘White. Black, TRoQs 1..Any move Mazes accordingly Fect solution to Problem No. 134 recetved fron H. Orington. O. I B«:n{:m E. Harpe, F. A, werts, and W. H. Stock: o stman, . M. Congar. i S msa, clty; C. B. th, Grand Rapids, Mich. , Salt Lagé Clty, Utat; Ke., Tarner, U, ssra. 1. 1. O, cit ., Salt Lake Cicr. alsq It seems that thie fnformatfon given fn the dispatel from Paris of the 20 ult. was prematare, _ A later dis. patch sates that deawrs. Zukertort and Winawes had tled for the firat prize, and Messrs. Mackenzle unu Lird for the fourth. GAMES IX THE PARIS TOU Fira game between M. VIENNA € White—-). Clerc. Black—Fi 1.P0K4 1 foue {683, and wins Whi jte—M. Winawer. toK4 aE% H P, To B 5 SiEsy 3 . 1akes K P ol takes K KL P b TEEEEBEEEEE o8 3 We find the following g round, in the Glassow Aersid TGULAE €, e o kel 035 w3 QB3 takes B Y 43 % S w R @ l’.hlgfl 43w K3 :?nli:l ks o Kt takes Kt (akes K¢ Rltoyhsa toRtsq takes ¥ () wRES oy By 05 wid wht3 toK D3 "‘3“ ‘Ibkal(l!l Y o4 e Rk bt fGud B wQ sy I takes itel irs Riten wQ s 1o QKL3 ' takis 1 ch hrry) 52 1 £5dz & 3 b B s 46013 tak: i vy LR W PP IR S pON TS . Bo' ) 5 5. 3. EeR Fohome . And the gaxe was drawn. (3) The commencement of some very pretty phy on the partof 1. ZuKertore. (b) White Naviag won a 5awn. and with ng apoarent Inferlority I DOSLIGD, SNGU'E now feel as If he werd on the winning wide. The [uilowiag moves. therefure, io whicn D)r. Zukertort, WiCh o much sl and ings Balty demolisues Uie White ceatre, are worthy uf 1ery Cluse attention. (e) The objuct of this 32d White's next move s saf Actentis aprent. () Lisc<'s piay trouzhiout this game has beea very fine. it he surely ought W make mare of his cxtn PawD Lbun e does. P e Fx-President Grant's Thoaghtfalness. The Youngstown (Obio) Jeeyister relates tht : _*Some years azo Mr. A. G. Lewis florist, of Youngstown, was anxious to obtana sery rare plaut, apd wrote to a number of the leading nurserymen of the country to obtaia it receiving uniformly the reply that it could not be bad. He then wrote 1o the Agricuitura Department at Washington for the vlant, bul his letter waa not answercd. Not discours by Uis fauures, he addrested Gen. Grant bi self, then President, and received from a private secretarv. a letter in which it was stated that the piant could not be procured io the United States. This was some years azo. Last wintet Mr. Lewis received from Europe the very plant be had been sceking, * with the complimeats of U.S. Grant.” It is really wonderfui that thess things shoald remain in the memory ofz man perolexed with couptiess public cares aod be- sieged with requests for favors of onc sort or apother.” B