Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 1, 1878, Page 4

v THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, AUGUST 1, 1878, principles which are recommended for gen- eral adoption by the Congrossional District Couventions throughout the State, The ad- dress furnishos a platform which ongit to be adopted by Congressional Conventionsevery- where, and which in the highest dcgree ro- flects credit upon the wisdom sud patriotism of the ,Committes, It handles “the vexed questions of the Prosidont's Southern policy and Civil-Bervice re. form in a way that is calenlated to unite and not divide the Republican party, by simply reiterating the declarations of tho Republican National Convention of 1876, and subscribing to tha views sot forth in (tov. Haxzs' letter of acceptance, leaving differences as to detaila for jodividual con- sideration and not for party discussion. The clause of the nddrees relating to the eur- roncy question is 8 model of clear phraseology and convincing logic; it exposes tho *“fist” foolery so thoroughly ns to scarcely leave room for argument among intelligent people, Upon such & platform the Ropublicans of Wisconsin can win this fall, plaints in Mr, Ween's guasi justifieation of the now party mdvement. Tn regard to the Government bonds, it wns olearly impossible for the Government to ndopt any other policy than that of exompting them from tazation. To nuthorize tho taxation of ila own bonds would hnave heen for tho Governmont not mercly to placo an obatacle in the way of borrowing monoy at the most critical timo the nation has over known, but also by ita own acls to have in- orensed the amount of interest it would be obliged to pay for a long term of yoars, The Government necossities obliged it o pay a bigh intercst as it was. Had taxation beon authorized, the rateof intorest it would have bean obliged to pay tould simply have been ruinous, and it is doubtful whethor the Gov- ernmont could bave borrowed enough money to prosconte the War to a successful termina- tion, To talk of taxing the bonds now is to suggest a breach of contract, to prevent the Government from rofunding the dubt aton lower rate of intercst, and to fly into tha face of the Constitution. The second com- piaint ia that no provisions wore mado for transporting settlers to the public lands when vaat domains wera granted Lo vailwny corporations. Thesa land-grants were mada chiofly o tho Pacific ronds which, at the ’@Irc Tribrne, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BY MAITL—IN ADVANCE—TOSTAGR PRRPAID. 517.08 Batard Tri-Weekly, one yer Farta of & year, per month. WERERLY EDITIH Qne cop s er e Club of fonr.... Spectramn coples sent tree. On("" Post-Office address fo full, including State and unty. Remittances mag be made elther by draft, express Poat-Office onler, or n registered letter. at our risk. TRILME TO CITY BUBACRIBERS. Dafiy, delivered, Bunday excepted, 25 centa per week, Dally, deltvered, Bunday fncluded, 30 cents per weeks Addrem THE TRINUNK COMPANY, Corner Jadison and Deatborn: Chict Ordera for the delivery of Tnm Ta Euglewood, aud Hyds Park seft in wili recetvs promptastention. e ee————— TRIBUNE BRANCI OFFICES. Tim CricA00 TATATN R has estahilshed branch offices Ja the rucelpt of sabecripHious snd wiveriisements sa follaws: NEW TORK—Ttoom 20 Tritune Tullding. #.T. Mo~ Pavorx, Mansger, i PARIS, France—No, 16 Htue dela Grange:Bateliers. H. MauLxr, Agont, Judgo Looxs, sitting in the County Conrt, guve yosterday an important opinion, which will act 08 an immediate check upon tax- fighting, and which will bring 1nto the City LONDON, kng.-Amertean Fxchaoge, 40 8trsad. | Treamnry largo sums which it might other- | tims, wore zo y garded as grent mational AN FRANGISCO, Cabe—Patace Hotel. wise have beon kopt out of for years. Tho | gnterprises, and it wns thought that 1ast Legialature pnssed an act requiring that whers apponls were taken to the Suprome Court in a tax cnso tho amount of the tax and costs must be deposited by appellant the people of tho country would receive ample compensation for tho subsi- diea from the development of tho country. Even amid the enthusinam that univerwally T1acloy's Theatre, Randoloh srect. beiwesn Clark aad LaBalle. Parry Robinton's Mlastrets. with tho County Colloctor, so that, if judg- | fayored subsidizing these Pacifio roads, o Sakas S mont went ngainst him in the Upper Court | yegorvation was made to throw open the TR AL # for tho whole ora part of the tax, the Col- | Jands to public pre-emption at Govornment lector could get the money withont resort- ing to asale of the property, which would involve a year's dditional delny. The game Legislaturo also creatad tho Appoliate Court, bat did not state specifically in the act that where appesls were taken to it in tax casos there mnst first bo o deposit of the amount of tho judgment. 8o the tax-fighting lawyers went into court this yenr, sud insisted that whero thoy took an appeal to tho Appellato Court a doposit waa unnecessary. Had they carried thoir point their clionta conld have kopt their monoy in their pookets till the end of another year. But Judge Looxis' decision of yestorday has np. sot all their hopes. He hold in brief that tho appellant must go to the Appellate Conrt first, nud that he must deposit the smount of the tax and costs. This decision may of courso be appenlod from, but until reversed it is tho law, and the tax-fighters of 1878 must call on the County Collector before they can take another stop. This practically onds resisting the paymont of taxos on tech- nical grounds, Whon a man knows that his objections will be finally overrnled by the Supreme Conrt, it Is cheaper for him to pay his tax to the Collector than to pay the same monoy under the name of a deposit, plus the oxponses of court. In tho oceasionnl meritorious cases this rulo will work no hardship to the contostant; in the many frivolous ones, where dolay was all that waa sought for, it will work groat good to the city. If Judge Loowmis decides, as ho doubtless will, that tha law under which it is rought to cotlect tho back taxes of 18734 is constitutional, most of the fighters will prob- ably throw up the ponge, docline to appeal, and pay ovor atonce tho monoy which the city hias been kopt ont of for years. R S Ay THURLOW WEED UN THE NEW PARTY. AMr., Trientow WzED s & gontloman whose ago, experience, ability, and former Influonce in politics entitlo him to some consideration whon he makes any public utteranca. A Now York Ilerald roportor has rocently beon in. torviowing Mr. Weep pbout the past and present of politics, and it is natural enongh that, at his prosent ago, he shonld contrast formor statesnanship with contemporaneous statosmanship to the disadvantago of tho Iatter, Much of what ho says of the dole- terious {nfluonces of the War and of the self- ish aims of tho present race of politicians is true, but his statemonts about tho incapncity and viclousnces of all parties, and the apa- thy, extravagauce, aud demoralization of the Government over ainco the War, are too gen- eral, and ravor of the croaking tendency of a garrulous age. ThoGoneral Government, under tho directlon of the Republio- su parly (not free, of course, from sdventurers and schomers, mistakes and obuses), has sccomplished too much to ad. mit of any promiscnons arralgnmont nlong with the Democratic control of Congress during tho past throe years. The rocon. struction of the Southern States, resulting at lnst in local solf-governmont and genoral roconciliation ; tho steady reduction of the debt, the maintenance of the sinking-fund, the cuttingdown of exponscs ; tho gonorous system of rewands and pensions to thoso who were engaged in the War for the pros- ervation of the Union ; tho roscuc of a de- based Governent onrrency and ita ostab. lishinent on a proctical equality with the money of the world; the genoral improve. mont of our foreign relations, and the stend- fast defense of the uational credit in spite of a long era of commercial dopression and in defignce of detungogues and schewers, sro accomplishments that' ought not to be burled by such a mau as Tuvarow Ween undor the scrapings of errors aud asbuses which ho may rake in. Mr, Wxen went over this ground in order to lead up to the now party wovoment, which pretends at once to labor reforn and currency reform, and the following is his cstimate of the canses that have brought about this now movement : 1 comhinwab heviiabio. ail fhe Nagioust or Lajor iarty owes (ta oxistenco to the provocationy of tio joverament and of capitalista.” 1t is tho result of concorled policy to protect capltal ot the expense of labor. During the last Gftecn o olghtecn years labor has been onerously taxed, whilv caplial wa uumru Thiu uxemption of the capitalisia bos e~ clally sppiied to ‘tho owners uf Uovernment nds, the roason glven for exempting thow at tho outset botog to ludoce caplial toinvest, Never was auy hope more futile. Capltalisty rufused to buy bonds until gold was wo high that the bondd which bear Interest at o could be had for 60 per cent of thele present value. 1o sl these years Congress bus stiows 1o wyupathy with labor, snd when legiedating ot all has unlfornly ugn-'l-hnm {o favor of capltal. The lmmense grants of Bad 10 railroads fa an illusiration uf this, Although s lariu pare of the public domain was given away to corporstions which could bave had no exlstence but for the bounty of the Governmeat, [ cannut recall & single fustince where & grant contsined o provision to enable vwor peuple Busious {0 sctile in the Far Weat W get over the roade freo, The Tepeal of the duty on tew and colles Was anotlic, unwiss snd oppredaive weususe, becausy it did nof hlle the reawury, vredicted the Vresent condition of thingy, which was bound Lo reeult from viving labor too litle consideration sud capltal o much. A tlluder policy, and at the sawie thine o more uujust and opprossive one, was never pursued i a free country, and tbe only ‘wundur i that the 1saue did Bt cous suoner, Phere secws to be just three things onu. werated iy this roview of the causes for the cxistence of the so-called * National” party, viz. : (1) 'That copital hus beon favored by the Governmerit, xnd mainly by probibiting the taxation of Government bouds; (2) that nc arraugemonts have been wade by tho Government for truusporting and locating poor peoplo on publio lsuds; and (3) that the duty was takon frow tea and coffee, thus dopriving the Government of an important ruvenue without Lestowing mny relief to the peoplo. Theso are thu ondy specifio com- torms wherover sales hind not been effected within n stated period, and Secratary Beuurz's recent docision hos given the peo- ple the benefit of this prudent condition, It would have been diffloult to invent n systom of freo transportation of settlers that wonld not have proven a direct cost upon the Gov- crnmont itself, and the consorvative people of this country are not yet propared o ad- mit that it is the provinco of the Govorn- ment to take paternal care of people to the extent of furnishing them with homes and the means of getting to thom. The tea and coffea tox is nn unfortunate illustration; it was repenled at the instance of the Dom- ocrate in Congross and with the dosire to pander to tho unthinking olnssos who now act with the ‘' Nationals.” It was tho demn- gogue's cry of a froo Lreakfast-table for the poor man which brought about tho ropesl, and thereby imposed now taxes upon tho people without cheaponing their ten or cof- fao: ond, in spite of the experienco the country has had in thoe matter, we venture the ossertion that the great mnjority of the *Nationals™ wonld vote for the ropeal of this tax, if it still oxistod and thoy bad the opportunity. Thongh Mr. Weep secks to find & Justifi. cation for the formation of a new party, he evidently has little confidence in it, for he says it will bo ** a spasmodic, frregnlar, impnl- sive, and ndventurous movement,” and that it will give birth to meny wild and impracti- cable theories which may work harm,” Nev. ortholess, ho thinks it will work out its mission wunless (and we are thankful for tho saving clanse), ‘‘unless the Bocrotary of tho Treasury, who has gonme to work wisely and beneflcently to accomplish resumption, complotely succoeds andachieves both resumption and prosperity.” In de- fault of this, Mr, Werp thinks that the new party will bo largely roproscnted im tho noxt Congressand be able to control the next Prosidential cleotion. It is ovident to his mature judgmont, however, that resumption netaally nocomplished, sud followed by the prosperity naturally incident to a healthful expansion of real money, will givo a qniotus to the dreamors and schemers who now in- clino to act with tho ¢ Nationals.” BOCIRTY MF NGS. VAN RENSSELAER GRAND LODGK OF FRR¥EC. TION, A. & A, Keoteh Rite Masons, wiil confer tha Thirtdcnih, or Hoyal Arch Drgree, this (Thursday) eveuing. iy order of AMOS PETTIBONE, T.*P.%G.% M. ED GUODALK. Gr. sec. THURSDAY, AUGUST 1, Greenbncka at the New York Btock Ex- chango yeatorday clorod at 99 1878. Tho enormous suocess of the 4 per cent loan is R matter of general attenmtion and comment. 8ince the loan was first started on the market, during the months of April, May, June, and July, the eales hnve ronched n total of $118,000,000, of which abont 43,000,000 wure by private subscrip- tion, Returns of tho German elections give no enconragomant to tha Socialistio eloment. Nearly double the usunl vote was cast, ag- grogating 90 per cent of tho entire voting populntion, 'The Booialists, though they cast a larger vote than evar before, have lost soveral sonta in Parliament, the result being brought abont by tho great’ efforts employed by their opponents of all shades of political opinjon, Things have come to a sad pass in & Dem. ocratic Congreasional Convention when Eviza PrxxsroN gots twice as many votes a8 AN- porw Jacksox in the balloting for candidate for Congress. Yot this {s what happened yostorday in the Dea Moines, Tows, district. But noither E. P, nor A. J. was nominated; o Greonbacker was the successful aspirant to the distinction of gotting beaten, and Le was awallowed with ovidences of supremo disgust by that portion of the Convention who aup- posod they belonged to tho Domocratic parly. o ‘The gigante Fiskal polioy of Jax Gouvrp is widely belioved to lave involved him to such an oxtont that his entiro overthrow is rondored imminently probable. Colossal lossos have recently crippled him so wofully that ke & known to be now unsuccessfully hawking paper on Wall stroot which from the flimsy linbility of evor ronlizing on it must havo come from the very bottom of his box. The Napoloonia prestigo of luck and success which has hovered sround bis name is rap- idly doparting, and the black omens of dis- astor which now confront him are causing @ sonsation in Wall stroet unparallelod mince 1878, THE BATILE OF THE PREMIERS, The central figures of tho debate npon tho HantinaToN rogolution in the English Par. linment are the Pramior Disparzrr upon the one hand and the ex-Promicr Graivstonz upon the other, while around them rovolve numorous lesser laminarics, whose light, lowever, is too fooblo to attract very gonoeral attention outside their own orbits, There are probably no othor ¢wo Englishmen who possess such qualities to attract public at. tention outaide of England as these two. ‘Thoy have not only made a world-wide ropu- tation ns political leaders, brilliant Premiors, nnd successfal diplomatists, but both have had literary ambitions, and,i although thoy bave passod tho zenith, they are still remembored for what they have dono in the world of lotters, and now gonera- tions road their works with zest and in- struction, The Jewish race has alwaya been imoginative, and Dismarit ia a prominent typo of tho race in that respoct, Lis imagina- tion leading him into the picturgaque and passionate Oriont where ho can satinte him- Bolf with pomp and pageant. CLipATONE, although characterizod by poetical sentiment, ia a colder man, whose tastes load Lim to the classica, Both are men of irst-class intel- lectual calibro aud of more than ordinary political preacicnce and sagacity, and both have roputations that long sgo crossed tho narrow limits of tho British Isles aud spread over the world. It would uot bo possible, therefore, for those two to confront cach other on the rostrum of dobate without hav. iug the world for an andionce. Of the two, Disuarr: has tho greatest ad- vantage. o is dofouding accowplished facts. GrapsToNg is & prophet of disaster, and in the present wowment of glorification the English people are not in a mood to listen to joremisds or evon criticlsms of methods. Drsnaxnr comee before thomand shows thom ita classical Island of Oyprus, the Lome of Vouus, at one end of the Mediterranean, Gibraltar ¢ the other, and Malta in the cen- tro, all under the English flag, and they feel that England dominates the great sea, defica Frauco und Italy, menaces Egypt, and stands watch over the Straits. Ho shows thom that Turkey, though sadly sborn of her auclent domalus, is still an independent power, with metes and bounds, with her capital undis- turbed, with an anny still in her possesaton, with on alliance with Eugland, and loft in s condition that canuot bo menacedewithout the consent of the Great Powers, whereat the Euglish bondbolders rejoico. Ile shows them the whole of Asiatio T'urkey, with the excoption of tho sumall part of Armenis within the limits of Datoum, Kars, and Ardahan, under s Bntish protectorste that is almost tantamouut to anucxation, and the Holy Land and all the Holy Places under the protection of tho Dritish tlag. Ho shows them that his diplomacy bas orcoted a strong barrier between Russia and Iudis, which must be overthrown ab immonso cost of monoy sud life before the favorite colony can be threatened by the Muscovites. 1lvshows them the beds of futury great roads down the Armenian valloys to the Persion Gulf thut Xxxopton and ALexaNDED travelod, and that are destined to deliver in s fow days tho rich jwoducts of the East now moved in long —— There would apposr to be soma doubt in the minds of tho Democrats in tho Mississip- pi * shoestring " dintriot ns to whother Gen, Cravyrns will again be able to overcomo the legitimato Republican majority which in a fuir election wonld bo pollud in that dig- trict. Alroady the Domocrats ure casting about for & man of straw whom they can sot up to beo knocked down by Gen. Cuaruzus, ond have hit upon a colored Republican who is morally certain not to cull out the full strength of the colored voto of the district, Efforts are making to secure his indorsement in Washington, bat without success, aud there is a fuir prospoct that the Ropublicans of Cuarurns’ distriot will nomiunte & man who cannot bo boaten except by auothor re- sart to the ** Missiasippi plon, Tt is noticed in Washington with merked entinfaction that tho tone of the Bouth Caro. lina pross on the subject of the revonue im. broglio bias undergone materlal modifieation since it becaie known that the Government had fully Fesolved to assert ity supromacy in the watter of the transfer of tho indicted officers to the jurisdiction of the United Btates Court, The bluster which followed Judge Kensiaw's extra-judicial intimation of possiblo contlict in the event of an attompt to remove the cases from ihe State Courls baa given place to more peaceful and mod- erate vxpressions, which will grow apace in tho same direction fust in proportion aa it becowes more apparent that when the Fed. eral authority asserts itself in conformity with tho laws of the United Btates it will carry its point beyond the shadow of a doubt. The most successful and extensive wheat “corner" ever wsnipulated in the North. west was carrfed tbrough yusterday in Mil. waukee and Chicago, resulting in gains esti. wated all the way from $100,000 to 500,000 to the winning operators, aud in correspoud. fug losses to the partics that bad ‘ wold short™ for July, In Milwaukse (ho uncousciouablo squeeze was forced to a fig. ure ¥0 conts higher than in Chicago, $1.80 being the prico bid for wheat ad the stand. ard ut which the *“shorts " must settle intho firit-nawed market. In this game of gouge between the speculstors {he farmer is only oa oulooker, nnd derives 50 benefit from the fabulous figures quoted iu yesterdoy's *transactions.” A healtby crop of litigation promiscs & harvest for the lawyers as an outgrowth of tho *‘corner,” while tho public at large peither sympathize with thu loscrs nor admire tho winness in the big battle of the speculators. The Wisconsin State Ceatral Republican Committeo have just prowmulgated an ad- druss, wnbodying a dsclarstion of pelicy sud perioda of time by snail.like caravaus, and It could not be expeeted that a people naturally covelons of territory and groady of wealth would resist much reslitios by whatover crooked mothods they may have baen ob. tained, or that thoy wonld stop lo considor ony morely moral violations of mnational rights, or any questicna of foturo respeusi. bilitics, nt the hazard of losing the bird in the hand. Nevertheless, it i not to be denied that Mr. Grapstons makea somo some beeausa they will forco thomselves upon the English Gov- The Anglo-Turkish oconvention only defers the evil day. Eugland agrecs by to euhiance the woalth of England. vory sirong points that must day bo considored, ormnent. that convention, in consideration of cortain advantages, to protect T'nrkoy it Rusaia over moves hor frontiors hoyond the limita pre- scribod in the Tierlin treaty, and has agroed to do this indepondent of all the rest of Furopo, That Russin will some ‘day cross those froutiers in na cortain aa that the aun will rive to-inorrow morning. Then Englaud, with vo other ally than ‘Furkey, must bo prapared to oncountor Russia in a land war thousands of milos away from home. There is groat truth in Ms declaration that the par- tition of Turkey has Leon a8 complote as that of Poland, notwithatanding Disaaxni's romewhnt finical distinction botween parti- tion and division by conquest; that the Tiritish Plenipotentiaries did their utmost to prop up Turkey and keep down the snbject rncos; that the promisos hield out to Greece wero not entirely fuliled; that tho power of tho Crown had been pushed to a danger- ous extreme; that the laws of Earopo lad been defled ; and that tromendous responsis bilitios had boen laid upon the English peo- ple. ‘The duspair of Mr. GrApSTONE's poOsi- tion, howevar, is that tho English people, dazzled with the sndden glare of Dispaeir’s Oriental pageant, and dazed with the oppor- tunities for wenlth that it roveals, wonld not listen to n prophet even though he wore the mantle of Isaram. ¥ WHY SILVER CIRCULATES AT PAR WITR Tho advoentes of an unlimited isano of pa- por, doclared to bo irredeemable and to be legal-tender, make tho point that the silver dollar of tho United States is a logal-tender to any amount, though its intrinsio valuo ny motal is worth less than 100 cents in gold; and they insist that by the same logal authority the Govornment has to give an ar- tiflicial valuo of 10 or 12 centa Lo the silvor dollar, the Government may givo an artificial value of 100 conts to s picce of printed pa- per. 'The man Mouwrox, of Michigan, who echoes tho argumants of Voonmees, Cany, Poweroy, and other ndvoeatos of flat money, submits the point as follows : The Constitution does not apecily any particular smaterlal for calnsge. ‘The word **coin, " as used, inaverh, and Ita_meaning there agrees strlctly with the word make, and, conceding the metafiic polnt. thera is no limitation as to amount of metal or kind, or that {ts leeal or commercial vniue il correspond. 1 have here three colnaxes of wilver thiat tlastrates this olnt. Siero fo u trade dollar; Ihis [s not monay st ull, and has hut the commer- clal value which, at last accounte, waa {13 centa in_paper money. llcro 18 a now doliar, n full money, and 8a mnns( It 13 worth 100 cents in wsper, ‘although thero is soven and one-half geains wan of commodity In it. Here, again, are two haif-dotlars,—450 graine, yot asmoney they are worth 100 conts, whilcax bulllon they are worth still Teas than tha new dollar, yet noone protenda tlioy are unconatitutional, or that tyeir value {s maintained elthor by presant or prospective redumption. If thy Government can tnke Any of the commodity value out lawfully and succeodl in maintaining an ortidcial value on the remalnder, whore and at what procisa point doos this right and sbility 0r 3 m’:‘ho(}aulunuon onumerntes among the powers of Congress that it may *'coin money.” It prohibits the States from making nnything A legal-tender bat gold and ailver coin, and by falr implication and intond- meont spacifies gold and silver coin s the oxclusive monoy of the country. Tho Colo- nies and the Confedoration had just emorged from a dolugo of paper monoy. Thero was at the time the Constitution was adopted no kind of lognl-tendor money othor than silver and gold. The Fronch nssignats had not yot been tried; the Bank of Englsnd had not suspended, and sns- pondod bauk notes had not become a legal- tonder, No Govornment had foisted fint scrip on its pooplo. Coin was tho legal- tender of maukind when tho Constitation was made, As carly as noeded after the ndoption of the Copslitution, the mon who made it logislated for the coloago of monoy, They provided, first, that 871} grains of pure silver should consti- tute tho American dollar, That was the wolght of the old silver dollar of Spain, which was current tho world over. They did not provido that this silver dollar should bo and romain of fixed value in exchange for gold, or wheat, or any other metal or com- modity ; they did not provide that this dollar should have an invariable value for all time); but they did stipulate that 871} gransof pare silver should be an American dollar. Tho value of gold snbsequently varied, and the 371} grains ot silvor Lad a value 84 molal groator than that of tho gold ocontuined in tha gold dollar; und for forly years tha 371} gruins of silver were worth from two to four conts more than o gold dollar, The two motals whon oolned wero logal-tonder throughoot the Union, and the world was oware of it; and in all the deal- ings et home and abroad the cheaper coin (gold) was wused in payment of dobta. Nominally, the gold Lad a lagal or an artificial valae of 8 per ocent above its intrinsio value as bullion, B‘}p:, howover, weru legal and constitutional coins; their weighta were fixod by law, both were legal dolars, and whilo their bullion valauo might change, that chango never affeoted thoir logs! value. Tho right to use either, and tho option to pay dubts in tho cheaper coin, wasono of the reasons for adopting the double standard. In course of time the United 8tates contraotod unprecedonted debts, and the poywent of the intercst theroon and eventually of the principal was promised In coln,—gold or silver dollars, at the option of tho Govornment. 'Tho Government theretors, more than oighty yoars ago, inade 871} grains of puro silver & dollar; contracted to pay all its debts iu dol- lars of that spocifio weight, aud to receive a like number of grains of silver in dischargo of dobls duo to it, and it has boon a loyal- tender (vxcopt from 1873 to 1878) for all debts from the begivning. 'The original stipulation and legal-tender was that 371} graing of puro silver was o dollar; and that that woight of silver should be a logal tendur, and, so long os the silver dollar con- tains 871} grains of puro silver, thero is nothiug forced, or artificial, or fiat in the ataudard dollar, Ifis the same dollar tbat it was in the bogiuning; the same dollar that for forty ycars and imore wes worth from 102 to 103 iu gold, which is now warth from 88 to 90 in gold, snd which may in two or twelve months bence be agsin worth 102 in gold. 'The dollar was to contain 871} grains of gilver, and tho Governmunt no more guars anteed the purchasing power of that waight of gilver than it gnamnteed the purclasing pawer of soy given weight of any other com- wodity, IHence, the standard’ silver dollar Loy u real 63 woll as a logal value, and is not ‘| bonds to aid in building the Pacific railways legnl messure of monoy value, ‘Wae do not ignoro or ovade tho fact that silver, as bullion, ban doclined in value in reasous: (1) Theamount coinod is at this must pass beforo any groat quantity can bo put in circulation. amount to $130,000,000 a year, not used for this purpose, the gold must bo. Morchants, therefore, can nffard to giva gold walue for silver, and it adds to the available cash coin andtends to overcomo tho discount on paper, Evon if thore bo a difference of ono mill in tho dollar, importera will reok the cheaper coin, Customs dutios alono will furnish uso enough for silver to main. tain its value on a level with.gold so long as ita circnlation is limited, (4) Silvor dollara are money in which the National Banks may rodeem their cirenlation of §424,000,- 000 and thoir $700,000,000 of doposits, nnd thoy servo for bank resorves, which wford a lnrge fluld for theuse of the coin. When groenbacks bocomo equal to gold ‘tho banka can redoem their notes in silver ig proferonce to gold, if there be any diffurenco in tho valne, If for nny cause silvor should have n lews purchrsing power than gold, thon all debtors may tender it to their creditors, and pay their taxes—untional, State, and local—in silver. (5) The debtor ks tho legal right, and always rxercisos the option, to pay in the chonper metal. Whon the one rises or falls, all busi- ness will ba transacted on the basis of the cheaper logal-tender. Hence, if gold he donrer than silver, tho demand for silver will inorense whila that for gold will decline, until the two forms of legal-tender will oqualiza, The two forces—the option to uso the cheaper legal-tender and the in. creased demand for it for such nse—are powors that rise silver to the gold level as money, though as bullion for export it is worth loas than the gold. (6) Tho tmmde dollar is not legal-tender, and therofore has no Iawful use as money ; it has a valuo as morchandise only, (7) Thesubsidiary silver coln is closely lim- ited in nll countries. In this country thoy ora rostricted to about 31 per inhabitant, nnd have baon issued only to il the vacancy cansed by the withdrawal of the fractional notes, whiok Iatterhave boen always rodoom- sblo as well ns logal-tender, This subsidiary silvor.is o logal-tendor only to the extont of 36, and to that oxtent islogal in payment of interest coupous, duties, eto., to and from the Government. As bullion they oro worth botweon 80 and 90 conts, Thoy are nooded for change, as token money, nnd, from theso considerations, maintain their valua at por with logal-tonder notes, which aro mado redcomable in coin five months lLonce. Tho mint stamp * Fiat" haa noth. ing whatever to do with the artificinl valug of silver, asido from tho law of supply and demand and the dobtor's option of payment. As to tho amount of legal-tonder silver that can bo maintained at par with gold in pur- chasing power, this is a question that i to bo datormined only by exporienco and not by guosswork. Of course the amount would ba incroased, as in Franos, if tho logal-tender paper was roduced or abolished. In France there is no logal-tonder papor, and there are no bank notes under 820. Nor is it known how much legal-tonder of gold value is nooded to handlo all tho business of this country. It is cortainly some hundreds of millions of dollars. 'T'he less groenbncks and bank notes there aro in ciroulation, the groator the sum of silver that can find stoady uso in the form of coin and Treasury cortifl. cntes. Franoo maintaing at par with gold §150,000,000 of five-frano ploces, ench some- thing near an equivalent of our dollar, The business public will reod this an. nouncoment with surpriso: New Yonx, "“If A1.~The Unlon Pacific Rafl- road Company will Isaue to-day a clrcular to the dry-goods trade, lntorm; Ihll;ncn of an increane 1p'mion on first-class merchandire from Now York o San Francisco, from 34 to $12 8 hundred. The reason asdigned s, that when the rates wero low merciants ouly shippud lght freight Ly rail, and sentall bulky merchundise by clippers around Cape llorn, thus loayving to the rallroad companics the light and coatly freight, on which thy risk was 100 great for the sinall profit, Jax Gouto will discover bafors ha {8 mauy moaths older that the moerchants of New York, or suy ather eity, will ship proclous few goods aver hiy rond at those extortionate rates, Tho charge ou ** first-class " goods from Now York to UOhicago, nourly 1,000 miles, s $1.20 per 100 pounds, ‘The dis- tance from Now York to Ban Fraucisco is three and o half thncs o4 tur 8s to Chicago, bat the new tarill is ten timesns much, Fromn Now York to Omabu the chargo is about $2.20 por 100 pounds, and the distance is nearly 1,600 miles. From Omahba to San Fraucisco tho distanos is 1,800 miles, und the charge is nearly $10 per 100 pounds, although the distance is only 800 niles farther. In other words, Jay GouLp annoanocs that he will ehargo four times s wnch per mile from Omnaha West as the othor ronds charge from Omahs East, Gouro is laying the founda- tion deop and strong for the passago of a bill by the noxt Congreas fixing the inaxi- wum rates to be charged on the Pacifia roilroads for both freight and passengers. ‘When Congress meots it will bo in the right humor to put through a little bill of that kind pretty unanimously and without much loss of time, The rates will be made to correspond with tho nsual tariffs of the roads leading East from Ouwaha to the Atlantic citiea for all kinds of freight and for passen. gor fares. In tho act granting lands and tho vight to make regulations fixing the maximum rates of froight snd fares was rotained. 1t woald scom from the Associated Press roport of the Republican platforin in Maine that Mr. Bramz was able to do tho silver cause some servico, There was a dispute in the Committeo as to whether tho word * coln * or the word ** gold * should be em- ployed in the platform, Mr. Brane con- tonding for the former, and Mr. Hamraw and others for the latter.. The principal fipaucial resolution, as reported, resds as follows : 6. We demand honest money for ths peovle. ‘Qur corrency must be wede as good as coin and ru- deemable lu . The Governueut promised this, the ftepublican party bay logisiatod to perform It aud In the course Of resuwption, now Rearly sc- complished, thers must be no steps sidewsys or backwards, ‘We can't se0 how the word * gold ® could have been truthfully employed in this reeo- lution, It is not truo that the Goveramont ever promised to redesm in ** gold,” but it is true that it promised redemption in “coin,* and that promise must be kept, as tho Maine Republicans insist. It is diffoult to under- staud bow thoro could hiave becu apy dispute nrtifiofal bocnuse it is of itsclf en ancient gold; but as money it {3 at prosent at, or nearly at, par with gold in paying nnd pur. chasing power, and for this thore are soveral timo only $10,000,000, and not over a quarter of these aro in general oircnlation, the rest being in the Trossury, (2) Their coinage is slow,—limiftod to from twoto fonr millions A month, ot to from 0 cenla to 31 for ench inhabitant per year, and thus sovernl yoars (8) They are unlimited logal-tendor ; they aro received by the Gov- omment for duties, and the annual daties It silver bo that tho only trne eolution of the ocontro- versy was reached. e e Ono of the propositions of the Honest Money saya he made this anawer to that proposition in his reply to Mr. Niciows’ speech: on demand. systoms of uncertainty violent of value and fluctuations In purchasing power. 1 1590 Congreas passed nu act declaring that the greenbacks stould be redeemed at the ear- Hest practicable day. The eifectof this promire was to * steady " the purchasing power of the notes, and to reduco thelr fluctuations and perturbations, and at the same time to Increase their value, which latter resulted cnfefly from stopping Inflation. Six years later, fu 1875, Congress passed another net fixing the day when resumption in colu should actually begin, viz., Jan. 1, 1870, From the passage of that act 11 the present moment tho tendency has been to an approximativon with coln fu value and the same degree of purchasing power, until now the paper-money {s within one-half per cont of the value of gold. And yet the country Is full of madmen who wonld banish this kind of re- decmable paper-money and pour ont an unitm- Ited flood of Irredeennble shinplasters which would inevitably depreciste in proportion to the quantity emitted, or threatened to be ig- sued, unth they became utterly worthleas. et . To the Edifor of The Tribune, Facxsox, Mich., July 10, ~1 am vor) Jandy, but there in one thing you have not tohl us. How can & man who hus no moncy to apend on law« wuits oblnin land from the Union Pacific Ratlroad Company at 31,25 per acre 1f thay Are not willing to'sell nt that price? 1t yon wil}” answer this tn- Juur futoreating pas yier, you will cunter 8 Inating Iavor upon o reador of Ttk Tianvse, and one who e anxious to take quiry througs the columns of tho advlco of Honacs GRERLEY aud Qo Weer, According 10 the decision of the Sccretary of the Interlor, any man has the lawful right to enter a quarter scction of unsold rallrosd land wherever ho can find It, pay fo the $200 to the Land Oftive, and proceed to live on the land and claim it as his own, with the Government certifi- cate of ontry In Lia possession. It Is truc the rallrosd companies may attompt to oject him, but they cau't do It untll the Supreme Court shall firat roverse the deciafon of the Sccretary of the Interior, and we do not belleve the Court wiil ever do that, for the statute is too pinin on tho polnt, Possesslon I8 sald to bo nins out of ten points in law, and when a man locates hiis fumily on a quarter section of railroad land, snd pays the 81,23 per acre Into tho Laud Offico in govd faith, under that decision of tha Boecre- tary of the Intarior it would bea pretty difleult job elther tocject him or make him pay more. Qur Washinzton correspondent rulses another point, however, of some importance that bos yeb to be declded, viz.: I'ho quention alsn stlll remalns for decision as to whether the mortgaue, given by the vatious roads n thelr lands, will unerato ns & malo or dlsposal of lands withi the nct of 1802, upou which the present declelon I based, It isexpoctod here that the rallroads will dectile to contest thia opinion In the courts upon Individual cascs of pre-omption under jt ss &‘iy desire, We have no further advico or {nformation to give our correspondent. —— ‘The Z.-0.-U. soma six weeks aga reduced the prica of typo-setting in its composing-room from 40 cents to 38 cents, by a mutual agree- This oven- tually Jed tho Printers’ Uslon 10 order a “strike ¥ of the I.-0.-U. compositors, whero- meunt with its * Unlon ” printers. upon s new set of hands came forward and oc- cupfed the abandoned eases ot 33% cents per 1,000 ems, and the oflice was *ratted,” and that Is tho present status of the cuse. Provions to 1802, when property und labor were ot o coln basts of values, tho regular Union rote for type-sotting ou Chieago wornlug papera was 80 centa por 1,000 ema. Tha .-t that tbe cost of ilving, Including argues o0d, cloth- ing, fucl, rent, eie, aro undeniably down to ante-War prices, taken on the average, and that tho 834 ceuts it §s now paylug are 11 per cont more thun the highest rates pald previous to the War, and ita final knoek-down argument ls that far more men apply for situatious at tha new acale than it has cases to offor. far cxeeeds tho demand for it In that office. The lats strike In Washington orizinated with cortain socalled leaders of the worklngmen, who deranded that avertain Government bulld. Ing should be butlt by day's work and ovot by contract, as the Jaw provided. As Congress limited the cost of the structure it was linpossi- ble to comply with the demand abd puy the Uovornment employes the higheat Imaglnable wages for the shartedt posatble time and for do- ng the least posaible amount of service. These uarcusoustie demands ou the part of the lu. borers not belug cumolied with, the Idlers do- termined to use force to yroveut wmen from workiug at a lower rate per duy thsn they had tixed upon. and oow the work 15 car~ ried on uunder tho protection of the police, and tha reault of tho tuciplent riot is, that a man'a right to work for auy wuges ha pleases to accept hns been onve wmore vindicated, ‘The head devil of this little Washington rlot, Hke most ot thy other labor-sympathizers aml trouble-makors, hus devoted the last years of hia 1ife to ofce-secking, and, being unsuccessful in that, now gives his tlwe to *waking (& Lot for the capitaltets.” e e a—— It secins that Mr, Kmaungy, the great ex- poaent of the Labor party, is a blackguard and foul-mouthicd demagogu, 88 well as a reckless agltator. His speechis are stuifed full of abuse of avery man who Is, well'off, uo matter bow boneatly his wesith was oblutved. ‘Toa Ban Francisco reporter he catled the caplialists # bell-bound vilialus and daylight robbers," and hestowed upon them other cholce epithets thae fudicates the fellow's vulgar sud foul-mouthed breediug, He declared fu Wiy Boston speech on Buuday that the newsvaper men of Bau Fruncisco wers * the uoscrapulous winlons of thieving capltalists and bloodsuckers fu genersl.” As for the great work thut KEanysy bas ucvom- plished in Californla fu emancipating labor, be modeatly dectared tbat he has *left the plalos strewn with the festering carcasscs of public plunderers.”” Considerivg the fuct that the Kxausxy party wos defeated st the polts fu the Qolden Btate, bl hgureol speech about what happeoed to the “public plunderers ™ Is not easy to understand. —— e Joke on Armxanpus Il Breenmws: His feeblecondition warrauts him (o carfylng s smail flask of good whisky fur mediciual purposes, snd, when he becomes exhaysted from speaking in the open sir, bie draws out tho Husk and takes a drop before the audience, The other day hs was expatistiog uposs ths principles of Juvesuson, sud, in the widdls of ooe of his most glowing passages, stopped sod took & drink from the boltle, Resuwning at oaoce the thread of the discourse, bs said; *Yes, fellow-cltizens. This is trus Democracy,” whereupon thojsudlence, thinkiog of the whlsky sud not of tbe discourss, clupoed aud smlled sudibly at Old AL¥CK's expenss. e —— Mr. Jay GouLp's uewspaper, * founded by floxacs Gueriey,€” and foundered by the youug wan (o plum-colored velvet, advences au arguwicut ju favor of Now York ss a sumuwer resort tuat neither Chicago or St. Louts peo- ple cver thought of. Tne plum-culored velves ©0oat puts it ju this wise: One of the any advantages which have com. Dined thus fur Lo reader New York Uity one uf the 0s8 ChAFIIAZ sULIET FesorLs 0 this Bide of tbe equatur ié (ae facidily wilh whick OB Cute got QXY Jrou u on vu éxcusvion: buat. 4 The facility with which one csn get away ™ from s disty, dusty, swotberlug, swelwrng over the point, and it ja a fortunate thing Leagneis “in favor of n currency of cofn amil paper of cqual value and equal purchasing power,”” Tha *Fiat Fool" of Grand Raplds “We con- slder that of less consequence than a currency of coln or paper of skady purchasing power.” This anawer can only be rezarded In the light of 8 juke. Asthe ‘“flat” wonll havo no purchas- ing power It would neceasarily be “steady.” There never was a schemne devised by the wit of man that gave paper currency so *‘steady 8 purchaalng ‘power as convertibility (nto coln The great trouble wth all frredecable paper onvy s constant and 'y mnch ine torested in your asticle abont Paclie Itaflrund meaning of the third section of Under tho Juw of supply and demaud, tho suoply of lubor town like New York or Bt. Louls {s eertainly gy uriginal and uniqtie way of arguing the casy in favor of the comfort of such places that iy ol dom thought of, and never belore employeq n that conncetion. VYousibly here gy the exsct ngint, whereln New York hms the 4. vantage of St Louls—sou can get away frop Manhattan Tsland when the dog star rages nl the summer solstice becomes unbearable, wyny at 8t. Louls youaro compelled tostick |t o4 and perhaps die of sunstroke or suMlocatioy, But we arc glad to learn from anybody, sng therefore seize upon the suggestion of our Yoy York namesake with avidity, Next VAT when we publish our regular snnual artfele tipayy * Chlcago ns a Summer Resort? for the benegt of all whom It may concern, but more eRpectally toinduce our Suathern friends to come up gy be happy through the summer months, ye shall add n paragraph about the * fucility pyy which we ean get away™ from Chicawo by Toat, on lake, eanal and rlver, and, 08 far ns fd«'lllllc; for getting out of town by horsc and steyy cars are concerned, they are slmbly unpiee. dented, as evarybody knows. i — . That wall of Dax Voorugas in nis Soyp Bend blatherakita harangue about the assesy ment of Federal officeholders is enougl 1o make n dog Jaugh. He expotiates upun thy cnormity of the custom With the fuce of Urgy Jeap, as It tho practice of levsing asscssmenty upon officeholders for pulltical Durpuses way unknown to the Democratie metbod of iaising the wind. When did the Democratie politisy fall to oxact contrlbwtions from the ofliceholg. ers whonever any of that breed are receiving the emoluments of publle offiee, or when go the prospective Democratic candlidates for o, from Congressman to Corouer, fall to shell oqt when called upon to furnlsh tho tluews of gy for a political campalgni Go to, Dastel; yyy are a fraud, o hypoerite, and a blataut deceiney of unsophisticated Boosier Inuocency, e Religions superstition in the South Is not . together conflned to the Ignorant sud eme. tioal blacks, The Richmond Wiy of Saturgyy says that Y JENNIT SM1Tit was n eripple who byl Deen unable to move from her couch for sizteen years, She attended thu Ovean Urove Cemp last vear in o cot on wheels. Last week ber fricnds got around her and prayed. She sy converted, got up aud walked, aud on lag Weduesday morning strode Into the tabernade, upright and pralsiug Gop.” o ‘The Now Orleans Democral makes note of thy fact that tho yellow-fever this year differsin wany characteristive from tho peculiaritiesol the disense in former years: This year the El(lflnl feols no pain In the hack, and hia puldo, skin, and general abpearnce donw indicate a high stage of fever, ‘Tho fever labi den, internal, though mach more dangerous thay apparent febrile wymptoms, The prescnt sickned 18 sporadic, and gives no great canse of anxiety sy yot, 1f tho propoer sanitary rules are followed wiy strict attention. ————— Citlzen 8cHwan hins mnoro scnse on one b ject than Ban Canyand the whole crowdof flat-muney inflatlonlsts, for ha tellsthe working. men who have becomu atilicted with tho pictare. paper luuacy that ** The working poople wauld not be benotitod, Evorything theyeat and wesr would go up, and thelr wages would go up, bui notas highas tholr oxpenses. Dadly off a they are now, they would be worse off theu.” ————— 1t we raly on the Republicans of Chicago for 1d n tcgulnmf the next llouse, we niny expect to reallzo vur hopes wbout tho next Centenwlal, It took them w year and o half to fod out ehat they had bealon CanrEs Hann ~Washington Re wubllcan. * And thoy have not yet found ft out, and don't expect to until about the morning of the they expect to know that e s soundly beaten. ———— r of The Tribuns. Ty P Snich eadinge Londen (Eng.) nowspaper I8 tno organ of the Frotection- ist party? 8. No “leadivg" London newspaper is suchs3 orgun or sdvocates * protection,’ and there (s wo protection uarty lu Evgland. Thern tray by {ndividuals who aro protoctioniats, bat thero ls 1o such * party." wnd Critcauo, buri Herald is short and to the polut. Hesays: an appropristion, aud extremely anxions o kuow who witl be Doorkeepur of thonext Howo of Represoutatives.” 1l ls probubly a cundk date for thot oftice blmself, and heuce bis mb ural anxlety. e —— ‘The Fronch have $10.80 per capita, while wa havo 810.40 per capita, Now it seoma as it Tox Ewino undBax CARY, who * eshaycipate labor* at 825 per speoch, ought to consent, in view of tho hard times, to havo tbole pay reduced & $10.40, or to take for a day’s work the eotine amoeunt apportioued to tho averago vitizen. e et— e Ono Southern newspaner, the Vicksburg Herald (woll reconstructed Union), calls Jury Davss’ recent secession apecch ** fircbrand 5 and snother, the Monteomery (Alu.) Advertier (unrevouciled sud finplacable oru-slavery Btato Righta), calla it st olive brancl” You pajs your wouey sod you takes your cholee, e et ‘Ths Washiugton Fost says tint since Dox Caxzion marrled Into the Admintstration ba bas bocome clvil to the nead thereol, But thab duea 1OL comport with what Benator PATTERI0N suld, aiter returning from visitug the Caxee nowns. Hosald that “DoX dumos the [laxsd Adninistration like all the rest of us.” ————— ‘Ihe newspapur indicatioua *on? Lo-torroy nrothat the 7imes wili contuin its usual smoust of bogus telegrams, seanduls, Lies, aud oditorial contrudictions, and the £-0.- ¥, will bewall tos fallure of the Havxs Adwiblstration to ware the bloody-shlrt, and to *‘advauce tha lnker usta of the Hépublican party.' e —— 5 The Byracuso (N. Y.) Journal says that the minds of very 1any people are Axcd upon E. B WAsMBULKE **aa the most Hkely and avallable Republican vowlnee fur President ju 1550." The sttestion of the Dally Murphey, at Milwao- kee, s reapectfully divected to this uawertion o the Byricusu bewspaper, —— It seems that our article on Chicago as & sume mer resort has uot boen lost on Judize HALAK, of the United Stutes Bupremo Court, who bss fallen 50 twuch in love with this city that ho bat 014 bis Louisvitla resideuco and will muke Lok cago bis bome when not enguwed o odidal dutles at Washlugton, — Oco. BANKS has a very spirited rival this yes? In the person of Mr. Jous Cumxings, whols sald to be snexcellent business iy, and who would represeat the district very creditably ¥ elected, but tho Springfeld Kepullican ssysthad It would take s rovolution to loossu Baxks’ bold on the distric A disputo bas already artsea mnoog the poll~ ticlans in regard to who “frstnominated Guaxt the last thne k.Y Like the darkey that wis knocked dowd lu & mnob and ralsod tho luteresi- fuy inquiry, **Who frowed dat lust rlckbad fusté” ——— It is probably not trus that & committes of Deinocratic ladies frpim Oblo huye been fn couo~ sultation with Bunator TuvrMax for the pur pose of Retting him to adopt the white pocke bandkerchief iu place of that red bandguner.” e —— STPAES swore befors the Porrse Committes that he once saw JOuN SIERNAN'S sutograph {n wlady's album, 1 that slarting assertion 8 true, Mr. BuLTER ought to prescnt articles of fwpoachment as soon as Congress conveues. e The New York Tribuns ssys: “ Caursn Has- BI30N, of 1Luols, 8958 Lo will resigu his scab 1o Congress If Lo was ot legally elocted. 1 bo does that, bu will be the fref who i unwilliog to be bhinselt o r—— Judeu Baucs, of the Uuitod Btatea Court of Alabawa, b struggling with tbe questlod whiethier u convict can be worked outaldo of the prison-walls, aud, if o 1s 50 worked, whetbar b docs LoS go free. second Wedneaday of November nexi, whea —— Tho political eroed of the editor of tho Vicks #1Wo are against secosslon, for the old flae aud -