Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 21, 1878, Page 3

s B MO i e OF 40 e B ABOR QUESTION. THE L Jane Grey Swisshelm Re* ‘turns to the Charge, . And Gives Some Moro of Her Un- pleasant Experiences as % an Employer. 0 A Workingman Makes an Argument 1 in De‘ense of Trade- TUnionism. Aaolber Correspondent ¢ Having It Oul with” fre. S5 Who Also Gets a Second Be- sponse from ““Railroad-Nan,” PIRS. SWISSIIELM. 7o the Editor of The Tribune. %, Iil, July 18.—Every one who Joythiog must know that’ the Labor gestion is one of very rave importance; and Imfl 1o one can read my Jetters without feel- jngabat 1 am in earnest avd_ waut to et at the otk WBE 1ben, do men, in answering me, fall every time into coarse personal abuse or misrepresentation and miserable, petti- i ibbles? Whet: I opencd last Sunday’s ’“"f,‘:;,m;nd saw that * Rupert Coleman * sd written 20d siened his letter like a man, I poped for some fair answer to my strictures, o was greatly surprised to fin] him morc un- gsir and trifiine than * Railroad-Man.” 1o trying to impress cngine-drivers with my {dea of their position Tused an illustration and i they stood orer 3 subterranean lake of 1alsehioud o a thin covering of false pretenses. Yr, Colemsn takes up this metaphor, leaves the men out of the question, acd makes oot that I wrote of a lake goacover! Havioz mapufactured this straw ‘Bosie, he takes off Lis coat, turns uphis sleeves, and govs for it in fine style. 1t isa pity he could find nothing in the subject worthy of at- tention, and was thus compelled to fall into 1iterars criticism and 2 long harangue about wods. Itfs alsoa pity that, in fallingvinto this Jine, he id not hit upon some one of the mis- takes or discrepancies into which Tam likely to fallin these hastily-written cssays. He must bave a bad cause when he must manufacture tiooders for the opposition in order to met sometng to say. His five frenzy of indignant ridicule about my making “ unfathomabie ” a converttble term with forty fsthoms would be ‘more appropriate if I kad used the word in any such connection; but, as I did not, his criticlsm Toses its point. -He says my {llustration about our neighbor giving auotber work *out of pity * is not hap- v, 20d adds, “ How much better a State would be where be would-be able to set himself to work.” Exactly, my rood friend, exactly! That iswhat I have been saying to workmen all the time. Set vourselves towork, boys! set rourselves to work! Do not hang around like a set of bunary children wsiting for Mother to come and eive them dinoer. Go towork like men. There are millions of acres of good land to be had for the taking, and lots of sharp sticks, even if hoes are gearve. Go towork and zet your own living; or, If you cannot take care of yourselves, die off and ret done withit. I:should be ashamed 10 be alive if 1 could not live withont whining £0d begzieg, or stealing either! As for a State where you would be able to sct sourselves to work, 1 should be sshamed in - your places, to sa¥ a word about that either. Who made the State? Was it not orzanized by the men who live in it? And is it not controlled by them? Workinzmen are & majority in every State in this Union, and if they have made States in which they cannot set_themselves to work, they had betfer give up the business of State-muking and go home to Mother. No use 10 try amain! But Mr. Coleman asks if I ever knew euch a ease a5 I depict; and I answer, Yes, sir! Not a cage, but cases by the dozen. I recall oue of a man who came to mc and bezzed work, with .Leare i bis eves and a tremor in bis voive, for pity’s sake and the sake of a sick wife and” suf- lering family, who told me, a month after- ‘wards, that e felt no responsibility for haring broken my wazon by overloading i, saving: “That's none of my busmess; I'm workin’ for my wages;” who cxhibited active enmity to me and my interests aslong as he was in my em- Dlo, and only became a civil peizhbor after I discharged him and he had got done swear- Iag about it. Mr. Coleman assumes that I kuow nothinz sbont this eubject, and talk at random. My fatber.died when I was S years old. The law- yers tovk the greater part of his property in Possession for probating his will, but left his - children to the widow, and I was her main ns- sistant in the bread-and-butter battle which en- sued. 1 pever went but three months toa school where Iwas notin a class Wwith boys. Before Iwas 15 I began teaching a school of boys and girls, and kept on at that business until Iwasalmost 21 Since that I have lived fifreen years on a farm, in constunt intercourse with Workingmen, have been over seventeen years an editor, and nearl¥ as long apublisher; wasseven -years 3 boss-printer. _Ihired four meu and eight ozen to Lreak up a_ bit of virzin prairie, and ‘built around it the first substantial board ferce ever erected in Northern Minnesota, and built a £ood two-story house on it, of which I drew the plan. 1 delivered my first public address sur- Toonded by 2 howling mob. collected to put me intbe river for advocating the cause of the voor,—a mob collected at the beck of one who comnted his acres and doilars by the tens of thopsands. I have traveled as much s 2000 miles on_ sleizh-ruoners to advocate the rizhts of Labor: traveled when themercory was frozen in tnermometers and thewind blew a gale: traveled all night with no other company than 2 driver, when the ‘wolves helped the sleigh-bells to make music; and, it 1do not know & zentleman when I meet him, there isnot 2 woman in this country who does. I have found some of my gentlemen in red flaunel shirts and moccasins, aud some in broadeloth coats aud shiny buots; but mever inistook a cost for a man. Some of my gentle- z;n L:rezmfl. but none of them ever betray a " 1 once spent months in a hospital where I was the only woman, aud there were from 700 to 100 men all the'time; aud became so familiar With them that, ina smart walkthrough a ward, Leonld tell the speciat need of every one, right and lefr, and did not bave tostop at amy bed ‘Where there was nothing for me to do. I have £one, night after night, to amputation-wards, When men were on the borders of lockjaw or deliriom with pain, and bave put them to Sleep, at the rate of one in twenty mio- utes, by finding -out -something wrong in the position of the stumrs and fixing them. re must be some hundred men alive some- Where who wonld have been under the ground not come to them o the hour of need. 80T ought to know enourh sbout men to have some idea of their business, and know I bave a el gympathy with them. My opportunitica for studring the effect which Trades-Unions ve bad upon. them have been considerable; or, besides watching - general developments, -and reading the report of the Parlizmentary Committee which Investizated themin England, 2udagood ceal of what has been written in Ihis.country, 1 bave been in the habit of talk- with both employers and employed, beside Blling both places myself. l-xln 1867 I went up 1o the side of the Allezbeny Jiountains aud bouzat a bit of ground, so thick- J covered with evercreen and deciduous trees onehad to' force one’s way through, aud d not see one rardahead. 1'madeaclearing - 80d eat up roads, built 2 small plauk house, and ade o garden. The lov is of verv irregular Elape, and bounded on one side by 3 winding ' Soutain-road. Ou that side I built s feace ©: Dine poles spiked 1o growing 5 and on the otbher sides 2. ram- & %'xn of logs, which kept out cattle and hogs. repooarse I employed a good deal of labor, for alleared the sizeof a smali village ot logs b= brush. T would have planted a. £Tapery, . mfif’“fl that all the grapes 1 could hope to ot Would not pay a fourth part uf ' the price Nerved Tmust hire. Men there were not mem- -$80f umions, but they were filled witl usfon ‘.’:fil\‘ud_lmfed around_the blacksmith-shops *hnm' maintaininjz the diznity of labor, “wode thelr wives supporied them by doing toe ok of men, and boys, and women, and don- amis It Is 2 community of .small farmers, aud “Ely of the land does not admit of machiners. Gazands of bushels of praln were lost for -Jat of “harvest-nends, while gangs of men 36l and tried to ,compel . farmers to pay '3 ’u’“fif‘ Which would. have eaten up all the. profit Rerimdds 2and sowing. Those idlers were not 2lous “or upkind neighbors. If.I wantedsa o, Inored, five dozen of them would come to ¢1t and would have scorned the' idea of - We could leave our house for months. ;Dask and find that not oo article bad - onghelsturoed, aithough the door bad been Lirpnateb, and dozens of folks had been all « =%o0gh the house, Jooking at the curiosities. KDowS 1usea topreach or teach Bible-class on the Sabbath. and have crowded houses; andJooked ont every man asa friend so long s 1 417 hire hitny but, wheu I did that,all but two’ scemed tofeel ‘that our interests were antag- onistic;. and, in talking, they ulwavs spoke, of working for tkemselves as _gquite distivet from working for an employer. _Fhey always' scemed- airaid that any ove. should have any profit on theirwork, aud never were troubled” that any one incurred foss by giving them employment. In the spring of 1377 1 pulled down the chim- neys of a prehistoric house in Allezheny County, Pl.’nllfi)"\'lll% and got stone euough out of them to build a cellar-wall 43 by 25 feet, 7 feet 4 fnches hizh, with 3 bay wicdow joz 10 by 6, and a cross-wail, all 18 inches thicks lifted the house 7 feet 4 juches, built the cellar under it, and put fu enough new logs to raise the lower story. three feet. The house had been built in instaliments, and to keep it together we droye in the walls on three sides with jack- screws, and fastened - them with “iron | t bolts and bars. - We sunk the sccond-story floor of the new end eightecn inclies to make it level with, that of the old eud; putin 1214 square | t feet 5 new floor, and fourteen new windows, beside all theold ones; puton a new roof— raftere and all; built new chimueys; put ina new stairease and partitions; had the inside plastered and painted; ‘built two large porches and balf a8 mife of fence; filled up a swamp, made a barn-yard on it, and built abarn; made {four rods of ‘2 new channel for an old run, and | t! vut that.yun into it hauled about 100 cart- louds of ashies aud_old pluster on o the potato- lot, and put in two acres of potatoes; plauted an orchard, and corn cnonzh to bring 100 Lushels; sowed down some new meadow with buckwheat; put in_some oats and Liungarian &rass, and set out £0) cabbace-plauts; repaired a section of road, and so found use for the bal- ance of our chimney-stone; and_did odd jobs. So I did considerable hiring. I lived in the Louse all the time, and Voarded most of my bands; hired them all by the day or month, cept the jackscrew men and the masons; over- saw_the work myself, and so ws in hourly Tamilior intercourse with my workmen and boys. Three of the men and one boy felt s much interest in mv work as I @id; Lad a sort of personal houmor in doing it well; and one of these men was & tramp. But e got drunk, #ad I could not keep him. The other two bad earned homes for them- setves, and went to ‘them. The majority were indifferent toali sublunary things except their waues, and did not care the fraction of a penny | » whetber [ went in'0 baukraptey or kept out, | i provided they could get a job elsewhere; but a larze minority, and these the more intelligent, studied and practiced swall acts of meanness to lengthen out the work, and otherwise showed their class-cumity, their pssitive hostility 1o my ungallant. *And as, by the same article, I sm iled to infer that she was the first to introduce female compositors to compete with men, I "tnink she must have had amble revenge, for she has, brought 3 worse competitor into the field than is to be found in Ah-Sin, of industry. wait? (for her pay). the cardinal virtues? to needs of the Rarcns, Teluzoos. or any other far-oll veople hapy in' their iznorauce, are strangely forscttul of the absolute needs of tieir employes. and their appeals for wmoney to n any brauch 1 do not know very much about the Printers’ Union. It may have many objectionable fea- tures. Isuppose, however, that, like all sensi- ble vodies of men, they are willing to make rea- sunable concessions when oceasion requires. ‘This much of their rules I can see no reasonable objection to, viz.: they are paid so much per thousand ems,—and are expected to set it up according 10 copy,—correcting errors in spelling and panctuation, perhaps. Bat, if there are chanres and transpositions made in the proof, they way charwe time; all of which scems rea- sonable enougn, for with them time is mouey, and they ougnt certainly to be paid for the loss of it. In this way the man who can pick up the ypes the fastest malies the most money. So, while Trades-Unions limit a man to tue ‘quality aud price of bis work, they do mot restrict him 0 any certain guantify. So, the swifter the workman, the laraer Lis earnings. Therefore, 1 think they are beneficial, But Mrs. Swisshetm - initiated girls into the art of typography ** because she could get them 80 much chea) duced into thev were much cheaper; but the results are not r.” Soalso the Chinese were intro- alifornia and elsewhere, because he same. When the Chineé has mastered the, mysteries of his business, he expcets the sane price as his Caueasian brethren, which any per- son walking down Madison street will observe by consulting Mr. Tin Hop's or Mr. Wang Lee's vrice-list, which is just as high as that of any Sinion-pure Awericau ; while the Teminine typos arc asclay fu the hands of tne potter, to be molded as be will. Many women have been very successful as type-setters,. and, when priees were £ood, earned very good wages. ambition was greater than th ed themsclves into their graves. hired in the first place because they Then extra work could be put upon thens, be- cause they belonzed to no Union, and could not chargre time. ‘They did not drink, or chew to- bacro; ana, as **Cleanliness i3 next to godli- uess,” the relizious newspapers hailed their ad- vent with delight. They discovered she had od soumre. whose ir strength, work- hey were were chieap. “learned to labor,” and they tausht her “to For is not patiéuce one of And good Christian nen, leaders. in the Churel, whose ear s cver open and tongue cver ready, lay befora the public the wants or interests. That eumity cost e considerable, | settle past-due board-bills, ete., are mct with and was beyond question; so that 1 was glad | the reoly, ** After the harvest I will settle with cuongh when the imbrovements were in that | you” And the query is, *What will the bar- state I could quit, and Idid auit before I had finished, simply on account of the treachery and dishonesty of workmen. - The farmine I coutmued for @ vear.: thinking that time and effort would bring me, from among the hun- dreds of unemployed men, onc who would lion- estly do my work] but I failed to find him, and Iam now saving money by letting those ficlas urow weeds, as thousands of other acres are doing within sound of Pittsburs church-bell,s beeause of the class-enmity of workmen to their emplovers. ‘When 1 bought my horscs and implements, there was a wreneral ery of warning from people who had tried to farm with hired belp; and one man tola me that every potato I raised would cost me 40 cents. It was not so bad as that. Aly crop was good, and only cost me 33.50 a bushel, Then L got 50 cents for some of them, and sold some for 30. The animus of my em- ploves was expressed by one wood-tempered fellow who had charge ot the stock last winter. Lasked bhim where the bax of corn was that he Lad taken to the stavlé the day before, and he replied, with a laugy, “ I'm sure I dow’t know " “But it certainly is your business to.know."” ¢ No, ma'am, that isn’t any of my business! T'm hired to work by the month!” ‘This was the virit from first to Jast. My in- terest and theirs vever ran in parallel lines, and their antagonisn was always shown, cither in indifference or open acts of hostility. So my small establishment was not closed by competi- tion with any larger one, but by sich treactery. on the part of workmen as makes oue more warning to capitalists of tbat neighborbood not to become employers. Within five minutes’ walk of that old log | i house is 2 car-works, built by capitalists of the neighborhood at a cost of $200,000, and a dead loss throuzh the treachery and cupidity of em- ployes, who now sit, and loaf, and whine be- cause some one does not_find work for them. Just beside that car-works is the coal-works where Oatman was murdered for not Joining in the treason ana dishonesty of his fellow-work- men. There live the two principal proprietors of the coal-works,—both meu ‘who began life [ t! ‘withotit a dollar, saved their wages, and in- vested them in & business which depends on workmen: both hard-working, plain, hearted men; both baukrupt through the treachery and murderous violence of their cm- ployes; and both having lived years under con- £lant threats of being murdered for no other crime than giving employment to laborers. No wonder the roads are full of tramps, for, up to | t this tie, the one great effort of thbe Labor party bas been to coact and eniorce penalties agaitist the cuployment of labor. The declared purpese of that party Is to “abolish the wace system.” To do this it must abolish emplovers; and in tins itis sne- cecding rapidly. Bat Mr. Coleman hints that it bas some better system to take the place of the one it has destroved. Is it not about time it unveiled the statue and Jet the world sqethe divinity under whose rule it is to live? What is the ‘system which is to take tbe place of .wages?! ~ And why do the apostles of Labor play priest of Mammon and_Misrule? Spea out, men! speak out, and tell us what. you pre pose to do! Mr. Coleman might Lave spared us Lis thrce paragraphs of preach about tbe rich oppressing the poor. Itisthe loafer who is oppressing the workingman,—the idle vagabond, made o by Labor-combinations, who is_ taxing the in- dustrious. The gods bLelp those who help themselves, and the God of Christiaus is no more the patron of tramps 2od losfers than was old Vulean, who got an konest living by workine | I at the anvil, not by whittling sticks and waiting for Congress to find employment for him. JANE GRAY SWISSHELM. A WORKINGWOMAN ON TRADE- UNTONISM. To the Editor of The Tribune. Cuicaco, July 19.—I bave been much sur- prised at the persistency with which Mrs, Swiss- helm attacks all kinds of Labor-Unions. I, ent market rates. the kind who seem to think tuat *the chicf end of man” gis to get the almiglty dollar,” and, having gotten it, can enjoy it forever—proposed, in the first plave, to mef irls, and, by teaching them lbow 1o set type, get them to work for nothing; and, finding u 13ay who was anxious to have he for the instruction. So, you see, this man would be paid both ways. capnot compete with such men, who will zo round and solicit work, and will get it because they can afford todo it so cheaply. fail, while the contract-men flourisa” like green bay-trees. This 1 believe to be one ot the rea- sons why * plainand practical men gise up business.” Now, these are examolesof the wages people et whe are trammeled by no Union,—who have the privilezes of hawking their Jabor around for what tl and not for what it is worth. perience, and will say that. in the privters’ trade, I work harder for $5 per week, and find it far more difficult to get, than when working west be?” “Then, again. there is another class of mon who take the place among white peoble that the “nigger-driver? did mnong the blacks. not mean by this that they flow them, ete. O no! they would not do that'; they simply get Ido the most work for the lesst money, and sometimes for nothing at all. ' Some weeks since an . agricultural - paper came to life,—the proprietor baving made a contract ym 2'man to act up his paper at a_reasonable Yice,—a priccjat which be could pay the pres- But the mau—being one of the trade, ber daughbters learn wanted pay chauged his tacties and Honest ewployers So they y can get for 1t, 1 speak from ex- n any otber brauches of industry for $12. And 1 would ask any reasonable person, Would they expeet 2 man with a family to “be able to com- pete with me? ' 1t isalitle amusing,in reading Mrs.Swisshelm’s letter, to find bow much she expecets from work- ingmen that is noble and houorable, and how faithful shewould bavethem in the performance of all contracts,!ete. Theu, in another place, she says: © They have proved, in the contest hey have raised, they hesitato: 2t no act of rob- ber¥ or murder to manifest their hatred of em- ployers;” that * Men cre idle becausz capitalists are afraid of iuvesting their money in any busi- ness that must depend on hired help.”. Welt, L am very sorry she has such a poor opiniou of them, for I thouelt to myself, last fall and win- ter, wihen thousands of our most industrious, soler mechanics were robbed of their. savings hat had taken y2ars of seli-denial to accumulate, how patiently tuey bore the loss of what they will never be able to replace again, and per- mitted the men to walk ‘in their mi unharmed, j them. Spencer, and the other Bank-Presidents be- louged to Trades-Unions, -there might bave been some ground every day, and man down_ with thera. ance in office, and some who have” been looked up to as models of virtue simply *horrowed the livery of Heaven to serve the Devil in.” Yet thicse people have done uothing to_ destroy public confidenee! and have had nothing to do with influencioz the man with money to invest, to prefer Government bonds, with alow rate ot interest, exempt from taxation, and without risk,~—when he can 2o to Evrope, if hic so wishes, and feel that theivterest Is accumulating all time,—in preference to investing it in busincss, with jts risks and competitions, etc. Yet the workingman is responsibic_for this, because he has sought in union to find protection for his had, 50 Myers, who Sidney Had r her assertion. Men fail times draw houest men Many are guilty of malfeas- abor. Ou the other hand,hasthe workman nothing to drend from vnscrupulous employers? How mauy times arc garpenters, masows, plasterers, etc., cheated out of their wazes by unscrupulous-em- plovers, when' working for a mere pittance? Mauy times, when working-for what they sup- pose are rehabl: firms, a portion of their wages is with held; and, when driven at last to seck by lemal process to get the remainder, they find that the fiue house and clegant appointuents belone to their employer’s wife, and the ma- chivery, or stok at the factory or store is accustomed to them from childhood, bave never | FUNGEY OF SIOSK 4 0 , been able to see ansthing “enslaving™ or | fu R e Mty ot elid “piggish ’ about them, Many years azo, when | the City of Chicago treat its lavoring but a child, and liviog in London, where all or nearly all of the trades have Unions or Socie- i ties, a skilied mectanic felt it a duty, as it were, | ae &1 & day. Now he thonght, I suppose, he could pay his 1ax or indebtedness to the city with the same paver they bad $aid him; but he was mistaken. His pay for past services would not be available until next year. then, or 2o out and sell it for perbaps S0 cents on the dollar, then pay the city dollarfor dollar, ot liave bis properiy sold in the fall. and a benefit to him, to become a ‘member of ‘his Trade-Union or Society. In the first place, many trades required years of application with littie or no pay, and in many Instauces the parents paid for their son’s instruction. After Laving served his apprenticeship and become a skillea mechanic, he was eligible for membership in his Trade-Union or Society, if he desired it; and his membership would be an evidence of his skill. It did not, as Mrs, Swissheim seems fo think, put himon a Jevel with an unskilled workman, or even limit his wages in a certain sense. Take, for instance, | the cabinet-maker. He was furnished by bis Society with a book of patterns of eacharticle in his line of business, with description and price of each article attached. So, if he felt he could carn more by the piece than by the week, it was optional with him todo so. So you sce his twages would devend upon his dexterity. And «The tools belong tothe toiler.” Business- men in London think something of their repu- tations. In many instances. the business has Qesceuded from fatber to son. They do not make fortunes in a day, as_they do here, nor lose thew, perbaps, i as short a time. What- ever they represent the goods to be, you will find to be true. And, therefore, knowing that Trades-Union men are. skilled mechanics, they cmploy po other, though, of course, they have to pay bigher prices. Thus, you sce, to belong to a Society or Union sccured & man em- ployment, and insured_him better pay tham a | L % boteh.” . Therctore, I cannot undersiand why | 1 Mrs. Swisshelm sbonld exhibic so mucn feehng towards Labor-Unions. Each m2mber naid some | I some smali ducs to the Society; and, when out of employment, or inespacitated through sick- pess ftom performing bis daily labor, theSocicty paid for himself and cach member of his family acertain sum per week for his and their sup- port, until he Was restored to health or found employment. i BuLIon ‘wetting a momentary lance at Satur- | i day’s TRIBUNE, 1 saw. one of ‘the reasons why Mrs. Swisshelm is so opposed to Trades-Unions. “And somehow it reminded me of the **sixblind, men of Hindostan,” who went to sce the cle- ‘pliant, and one, Teeling the clephant’s side only, concluded * "’.Liis was, mighty _like &, wall.?’ She hiad started a paper in the interests of what ‘at the time was wipopular, and the men of the Printer's Union apparcotly did not. sympathize Wwith it enough to wait for their pay or work for Jess than Union prices. Hence Mrs, S., like the ‘blind man ot Hindostan, concludes the Union is *¢mighty like a wal),” for I suppose it de- barred her of making a fortune. And, as a woman, I lavish of late with her advi particular. to some extent, sud so, with your permission, bere goes: tor not be recarded by reasonable men_but ‘s un « infamous libel and malicious slander,” caleu- ‘must ssy I think those men werevery ! that must depend on hired labor for saccess;’ men? I'was over at the County Treasurer's oflice some_weeks since, and a poor man came is taxes. He bad worked for the city in o pay and the city had paid him in serip. So he must hold it over until Ruti, A WORKINGWOMAN, “HAVING IT OUT WITH HER.” . To the Editor of The Trivune. Cricaco. July 20.—Mrs. Swisshelm bas been ice and abuse toward aborers in gencral, and railroad-cngineers in Ifeel like having it out with her 1In the first place, Mr. Editor, I think it was altogether foolish and unnecessary for her to conjure up a ghost, as she does in her letter of June 27, in the shapeof starting a slander based on what she had beard whispered (that’s about the way tattlers always start their stories), that the locomotive-snzineers in the United States and Canada were to stop worlk on a certain day, keep taeir engines just wherever they happenéd to be at that moment, and, by all means 11 their pq}rfir. prevent others from using them. story, which Mrs. Swisshelm took care ¢ and start afresh over the country, can- ated to injure und defame this class of * high- v-responsibie men ** in the eyes of the pubiic; and Mrs. Swisshelm justly dcserves the appel- ation of a **misclict-muking minx ? * for her uncalled-for activity. - X 3irs. Swisshclin acknowledees that she has adopted the profession of a political writer, and, as such, sbe is liberal with misreprescnta- tions and ablise towards thosc she but, when ste is met by the same w takes refuge beind her womsanhood, ‘schooling; pons, sne 2 ~-presum- ng that she bad right by mendacious ’ writings- to insult every lonest laborer; but must notre- ceive the samé treatment, because, forsooth, sac is2 woman!'s L ey Furthermore; '*“Engineer,” and - those that sympathize -with bim, have yét 'to learn -that sbe" and her.sile are “absolutely invincible.” That’s so; we. have it yet to learn, ani Mrs.® Swisshelm has - got to*tmlearn it. talkes the position that the Labor-movement is' based upon anfazonism between the - interest of the employer und emplove; that laborers are | *out ef work **because their treachery ia so great that thousauds of peopie iet their money lay idle rather than invest it m aoy business When she o - when Mrs. Swisshelm . makes~such falsehoods her Gibralar, she will find sheyis: not invincible any longer. . When she pervepts truths- as she does in the following: * Thie monopoly of Labor by Jarze and powerlul combindtions has forced Capital into Jarge and power{ul combinatiops,” she will find that she’_has not” God, tut Mammon, for & leader, _and her majority will not be ‘so'tremendous, - Who- ever heard before that the hauehty and all- powerful combinations ruled . over by Tom Scott, Vanderbilt, Jay Gonld, o the National Banking Association, and others of like import, were forced into beinz by any J:ind of Labor or, Trades-Unions? Would'it not be " nearer the truth to say that each and cvery kind of Labor- Uuions are the direct resulis . of capitalistic combinations, and not the contrary, as Mrs. Swisshelm would nave us béliéve? Wil Mrs. Swisshelin be ' kind enough to tell us when, and where, and how, any lesislation ever was procured by Labor, which had, as'she states, for its object, ** first;ito deprive every Taborfiiz nan of his rizlit to make his own con- tract; and, second, to punish any one for em- ploging him ¥1 Whata piece of demagozery does shie compound in the following, which she claims to be the ultimatum .towards which the Labor-movement is workiug:. Be it enacted, That sny person riving employ- ment to any Jaboring manor skilled mechanic shall he deemed guilty of & penal offense, and, upon conviction, shall e suoject o’ & tine equal o the whole amount of his Propetty, real and personal; and. if this shonld fail to defer him, he may be &hoc dead by any one who fecls aggrieved by his action, _Also, auy laboring inan wno shall pre- sume fo dispose of bis dwnlahor without the con- kcutof the Secretary of his Union shall be shot and buried tike 2 dog. A_political writer who will deliberately spew forth_such nonsense, and attribute it as the chief end to which the best thoughts and efforts of alarze class of honest'lcitizeiis are tendivg, deserves the appellation of being * crazy.” Mrs. Swisshelm prides - herself that she be- longs to the stroug party; . that she sand per party are going to winj that she is invineble, ete. It would be more betording in ber not 10 tallk so loud. The rich ‘mdn’s wealth is his strone city, and as a high wall in his own conceit ; and * Pride roeth before destruction, and a havehty spirit before fall.? = = The position taken by nsany Labor and Trades- Unions iu the scrambie for the necessitics of life may not always be the true one. [t is safe, however, to credit them with moare honesty of purpose, and purer motives.for their actions, thau their opoonents; but the position talen by A Swisshelm, to cry down the wuiled efforts of laboring-men to better their condition, is wholly false, untenable, and foolish; and, if she daesu’t *move her camp,” she will find hersell and her theories buried ip that * forty-fathom hole™ which is covered by the hollow pre‘euse that the carth and the fulliiess thereof belong rtn willionaires, snobs, and aristocrats, % Daes Mrs. 8. recozuize that *The carth is the, Lord’s, and the full thereof 2 and that ©All men are the equal children of God 7 If not, let her not come around and preach that lahoring men, by their treachery towards their emplogers, are the snle ciuse of *the want of confideuce’ which has paralyzed all our indus- tries.” The laboring men neser procured the passage or change of a Jaw that put millions in their pockets. They never started or run a “Credit Mobilier”” or Syndicate; nor did they steal millions upon millions of acres of God’s fairest lands, that He has given all mankind to possess and enjoy. Trades-Unions are not known to havé committed such grear deeds; they were not orranized for such parposes. and never aimed at such rascality. If. as Mrs, 8. claims, all workingmen are traitors toward their emplogers (which 1 dexy), they have become so by the same course of trcatment from thelr em- ployers as hos_made_the'lndians enemics and traitorstothe United States Government. Traly yours, 5o P. N5LsOYN, * '8¢ East Erie strect. “RATLROAD-MAN? AGAIN. To the Editor of The Tribune. Cuicaco, July 18.—This is very warm weather to take such a thrashing as Mrs. Swisshelm at- tempted to administer to tae last Sunday morn- : but, like the boy who was whipped by his mother, [ did not_feel the blows muel, for they were administared by n weak hand. And, as for the Drotherhood of Lozomative- Engincersand Trades-Unions sufferine much, or being diminished much in their numbers, by such thrusts and dives 6 she makes at them, I don’t think they will ‘have to throw up their charters just yet. on-that sccount: for such nounsense as she writes ouly tends to exasperate men azqiust one who can stoop so low as to say all she can to prejudice the public mina sgainst a class of men for whom she professes to have *greai respect and o iceling of great interest in their welfare. B Mrs. Swisshelm says in reeard to the report which she mentioned in_ber first letter: © As it 1s 2 matter about which I professed.and conld have had no snowledzce ll I gaic must of course o for nothing, providing the reporis were ‘un- rue; all their Uefenders have to dois to deny the truth of the report; when the case falls of its own weizht,” Mrs. Swisshelm mizht as well zive a dog noison, and, afterit had accomplished its desired effeet, eay that it fell dead of its own weizht. A dose of poison once administered is not so easily zat rid of; and, after carefully studying Mrs. Swisshelay’s writings on the sub- ject, 1 can but come to the conclusiou tbat she is working dirvetly in the interests of railroad companics azd moneyed . institutions, to poison the minds of all who™ read against toc laboring classes, and especially against the locomo! engineers, 1t matters not whether “its defenders™ deny Mrs. Swisshelm’s statement or not, as far as she is concerned: for the fact remains that she has made the statement, and couched it in such terms that nine-tenths of her readers will not look at it as it is,—a ‘‘whispered” fabrication of an overstrained imagination,—but ratber take it as a statement of facts; aud, like a dose of poison once taken, the idea is_fixed in their minds, and is not easily eradicated. " Not a word has she to say ngaiost all the com- binations, riugs, pools, and associations of the capitalists and moncyed managers of laree corporations and monopolics. It is all right for them “to associate themselves tozetber to put down the laboring classes, upon whose labors they depend for the increase in thefr wealth. - . * In unitythere Is strength” ;aud, if all labor- ingmen stand together, aud vote rgat, and uet right,—asking of their employers ooly the just_compeusation for-their labors, .that their Tamilics may have the necessaries of life,—~then will they have taken, a stepin the right di- rection; ~ but, if they take Mrs. Swiss- helm’s advice, they will be like o body of _troops ' sinzled out, each man by himseli, to oppose the solid ranks of their enemy,—each man for bimself, the Devil for them ail,—and eventually the Devil would et them ail. 1 caunot but admire Mra. Swisshelm’s sagaci- ty in discovering, * over a quarter of a cetury azo,” during her lonely nocturnal wanderings nlong the Pennsylvania!Ceutral track. the uses to which the red lautern- could be put. I have often wondered, during the years that I have followed those same lights, who first introduced them: and now how uifexpectedly have I stum- Dbled upon the originato But now I must leave iy writing-desk for the iron hurse; §0, Mrs. Swisshelm. bye-bye! 3 RaIL1ROAD-MAN. —— Clcopatra’s Needle. Zondon Athencum The preparations for erecting Cleopatra’s Needle are weil advanced. Nearly the whole of the ironwork has been removed. and the in- scription-on the fourth side {s at present in an excellent position for eXamivation and compari- son with the various editions which have been given of it. There are several noints of interest t0 be observed with regard to the paliography of the older or central-line, and that of the two nearer lineswith which it is flanked; the former beiug fac superior in_workmanship and treat- ment to the later-additions. This is particular- 1y remarkuble in those parts which “have been covered by sand and 0 protected from - fnjury by weather or desigo. “Some ol the hicrogiyph- ics are cxecuted in a different. manner; the circle, for instance, of the middic column of text is slightly raised 3t the centre; in the side lines it’ takes the form-of a deep and cup-like depression. It1s expected that the work will be completed in about two months’ time. The solid base of masonry’ and granite blocks fs being built: above thisthe Needle will be raised nvnn a staging, and swung by an armed collar which will cnable the monalith to be balanced, ‘and thus easily transferred from a horizontal to a vertical position. o A FPerllous :Ascent. 1ens . ' Waspingtan Disvatch to Doston Merald. A singular incident-oecurred o connection “with the work of the rigzers on the Washing- “ton Monument. - A s{odt rope has been hanging “from‘the derrick 2t thé top, inside the shaft, ever since the work waig stopped, some score of years since. The question arose of how to reacn the top to make. good connection for hoisting up: the - necesssry. tackle... One-of the (rizgers, alter putung the.old rope. 1o what he ‘considered satisfactary tests, undertook to climb it;cirrying a new onc Wwith bim. Mg’ companfons -stood Troni uuder, and'he, commenced what af- terward” proved to have”been a most perilous “astent.”” Reaching the ‘topin safely, 'he This hat and ‘éat the 6ld -rope ‘down. *Th prisc of those on thceround can be imagined when the gid rope’dn Strikibg_the pround fell into & thousand piccess:, It was found to be completely rotted through, and crumbled to small picces on_being hindled.. The wonder is that itsustained its own Weight, much Jess that of the venturesome Tigger and his [oad of TODE. ¢ i e e 5 : His Reception at the '(Hilé;ne‘ ahd:A;x- - sterdam—An -After-Dinner’ Speech + on American: Affairs. 5 The General’s Conversation on Current Topics---How He Treats the Third- Term Suggestion. Detroit Poat.. . . _[Froma orivate letter reccived we take the Tiberty of making the following extract, which will be read with interest.} AMSTERDAM, June 23, 1875.—On the 15th inst. the ex-Presideat of the United States and, the distingmished ex-General, arrived at The Hague, accompanicit by Mrs. Grant. They wera. met at the station by the American_ Minister, with carriages, went immediately to his resi- dence, and remained as his zuests during their stay at The Hagae. - Mr. Birney had eversthing arranged for their honorable reception while at the capital of the Netherlands. On the cyen- iug of the17th be gave a dinner, at which all the members -of the diplomatic corps residing near the Court, with their ladies, were present. This was followed by a reccption, at which the Court circle and members of Parliament numer- ously attended. On the next dav the Geoeral and Mrs. Grant attended by the Minister and his family, accepted the invitation of his Royat Highness Prince Frederick, % TIHR UNCLE OF THE KING, to visit his splendid country-seat. After de- jeuner the Prince conveyed the company in his clegant carriayes, drawn each by four horses, euided by postiliions, about his wide domain, which fs most eaperbly improved. It has Leautiful drives, parks of deer, and hunting castles. The General also had audicnce of his Royal Tighness Prince Alexander, the second son of the King, with whom be had a pleasant conver- sution. “Iu the evening he attended a large din-~ ner party and a reception, given in bis honor by Baron Von Herkenew van Kell, the Holland Minister tor Foreign Affairs. On the next day o military parade tn_compliment to the Ameri- can Gencral was ordered by the Government. ‘The soldiers and the people were much ais: pomnted that the Geveral did not put on uni- tform 2nd ount a liorse, but he quictly retained bis seat in Mr. Birney’s luudau, rising and taking off bis hat in response to the salute of the oflicers ss they passed in churge of their re- spective commands. : In attendance at Mr. Birney’s residence there were the Burgomaster of Rotterdam and prom- inent atizens of that city, as well as of Amster- dam. From themn pressing invilations were given to the General to visit their cicies. When be arrivea at_Rotterdam the Burgomaster and toe United States Consul, accompanied by a number of egentlewes, were waitinz to receive bim. e was conducted to the principal objects of interest about the city, znd dined with a larze varty of ladies and gentlemen at the residence of the Burgomaster. AT AMSTERDAM there was g large dinner-party on his account. Upon the Republic of the United States being toasted. the General was called out and made a very happy speect, and one which received en- tousiastic applause. Among other things, he assured them that _there was plenty of room in the United States for good Dutchmen, and they could become citizens 1 five years, and jocularly said they could vote carlier if they referred the Democratic ticket. Something having been said about the losses of Rulland in American railrond sceuritics, he told them they Imigbt rely upon everything offered by tie Fed- cral Government as perfectly sate, thut it would redeem -its pledzes and maintain its credit. Many of the gentiemen present expressed them~ selves as highly pleased with the remarks of-the ex-President. Oné thing 1s_evidently certain, and that is, the reoutation which the General acquired {n America for reticence; for Spivux~ like uncommunicativeness, and for making re- sponses by an eloquent stroke-of silence, 15 rap~ idly passine awag. For certainly, duriug his visit {u Holland, scarcely any gentleman can be found who “3 CONVERSES MORE FLUENTLT, intelligently, entertainivgly, and continuously on all tupics of geucral interest than be did. Whether the” subject was finance, Ele toral frands,”the Iudian war, ioter- national intercourse, taril or {ree-trade, commhercial Interests, asricultural affairs, the pecularities df the different countries which he hud visited, the contrasts between republican and monarsbizl governments, his 1aith in the continuance of ; French Rcoublicanism, the maintenanee of standing armies, the character of the late Rebellion in the Unit-d States and the difficalties In subdulng it, the strenzth and unanimity of the Souttiern foe, and the lack of harmony of Northern support, Executive pre- rogatives, Congressional legislauon, the bi- metallie standard, the influence, ability, and usefulness of prominent Awmcrican politivians, legislation durinz his Administration, the laws that control the exceative and - legislative body, bis remarks were ready, direct, abounding in fact and common sense, liveral and magnani- mous to opponents, but positive in nis conelu~ sions. When allusion, was wade in his presence to the clamor about fraud in the late Presidential eleetion, be remarked that the assertion that the popular vote showed a Democratic majority was A PALPABLE ABSURDITY when the figures were examined, that the real fraud was in_ 2 dishouest _count of the vote ou their side. “Look. for example,” said be, “at New York, The entire vote in that State in 1868 was 840,76, In 1872 it was only 827,838, out of which the Republican ticket had a ma~ jority of 53,420, yet in 1876 the entire vote was Yaisad to 1,011,156, au jucrease of 183,318, and by no meaus warrunted by the zrowth of populu- tion. Out of this_the Democratic ticket was counted as havinz 134,670 worc votes than it liad at the preceding election, and this, too, i i ined 49,000 votes. Can anybody,” be have been an honest count? Deen tolerated and conceded by the party.” “Or,” said he, “take the facts in reard to Mississippi, In 1872 the entire Presidential vote was 120,107, of which the Democratic ticket nad only 47,191, but yet in 1876 the entire vote was 164,778, out. of which were counted for the Democrats 112,178, giving their candidate 2 majority of 59,465. No oue,” said he, * who is well informed in rezard to the situation of that Stute, can._believe that such a count was an ex- Dosition of the preference of the electors. Also of South Carolina. In 1572, the entire vote was 05,103, of which the Democrats only claimed 22,008, yet in 1876, the entire vote is run up to 184,521, and the Democratic vote to 91,440. Can any onme believe,” said he, “that tucre was neither fraud nor_ intimidation in_sceuring such aresult? “No, the real frand has been per- petrated by those who are raising the ery of fraud.” The General seemed perfectly familiar with the fizures and the results.. He appears to have studied the Soutbern question very thoroughly. s Durine all his conversation, not a word was heard from him expressive of any desire to be again in office. A gentleman introduced to him haviug remarked that whea be went back to his country, he might be acain a candidate for the Presidency, he at once replied, “If T thought that, 1OULD NOT GO BACK AT ALL.” No onc can be in company with the General long without being impressed with the conviction that be is thoroughlya man of peace. He has no fondness for contlict, no fondness for the trappings of war. He often expressed his surprise. that the Governments of Eurone Sl tolerated the taintenance of such laree bodies of troops at the expense of the people. : | i When allusion was made to his Lkeeping his plaps to himself while Commauder-in-Chief, ke replied:. *¢ It is true that I did not talk over my intended movements even with my stall oqiccm. 1 learned ail the facts I could upon which to base my judgmeat, then T wrote out my orders, and bad them copied or put in Lype, delivered withou defav to the proper officers, when_ they -were to be obeyed and mot dis- cussed.” - - ; st When his' attention -was ealled to a recent New: York paper, in which was given an inter- view with'a prominent politician who was be- moaniug the bad mavagement ofthe Govern- mept_at :home, * Welly”? sald be. **1 wish be could be employed to run it awhile, to see bow De would bring it out.” % “To-day-a paper arrived which contamed an allegzd interview by-the corrcspondent of a Philadelphia paper with™ Orville Grant' at San Francisco. When the Genernl looked at-it he sald, *“Tv is- impossible” that~my brotber could have said ‘some of \these - tlings. There are statementiiin it that I know to be.withous the slizhtest foundation in fact, and, if they had ocenrred, they could not® have betn known to him. ‘It is'for the most part’ o it A SHEER :PABRICATIOR. When my brother.sees it he will deny jt.2%. . ... The -General appears in. good kealzh, and is now, in” the best,yigor of his powers, beldz only’56 " years_of *age. ' He leaves -in - the morning for Berlin, - where Minister - Taglor will_receive_ himn, and introdoce him' to “the celebrities of that city. He zoes_thence to Copenhagen, . Stockh and. St Petersburg, ' not returniog to the United States for o year or more. He is very fond of travel, and inquires into. everything that will *add" to his stock ‘of ueefol information. . He inquired very particu- luls- into the canal and drainaze system of Hol- land, and visited the wind millsto sce them in ' operation. (., i TPassiog one eveniog near a Jarge cafe garden, he was asked whether he would look in. **Cer- tainly,” said he; *Iam traveling to see the peonte and learn what Ican.” He appeared much pleased with the attentions he received in the Netherlands, admired the npeatness and thorougrh drill of the soldiers, and, when taken into the art gallcry, be was enthusiastic in - bis llnrdmlnv.lon of the celebrated picture known as Paul Potter's Bull" . I have never seenit stated, thonzhitis a fact, thaf, in his earlier years, the General was himself given tothe cult~ urcof art. He painted a number of pictures, one of which is now preserved in the library of ex-Secretary Borie, of Philadelphis. ——— THE SUTRO TUNNEL. Completion of the Great Work—How the Connection Was Made—Adolph Sutro_the First Man Through. i 4 Telegrams to Sacramento Union. VirRGINIA, Nev., July 9.—At 9 o'clock last night your reporter, accompanied by W. H. Tatton, Superintendeot of the Bonanza 3lines, and M. G. Gillette, Superintendent of the Savage, went down the Savage shait to witness the making of the connection of the Sutro Tun- nel with the Comstock lode. Reaching the bot- tom of the shaft, the party descended the In- .clive- and stopped at tne 1,610foot station. Procecding along tke south drift 210 feet, the spot was soon reached where theconncction was to be made,—2 connccting drill-hole. Attheend of the drifv 2 chamber bad been stopped out abput ten feet in beigght and eight feet broad. On the south side was a small drili-hole, which con- stituted the first actual connection between the tonpel and the Savaze. Tbrough this holes rush of hot air was coming up from the tunnel Wit 3 sound that could be heard some distance {rom the spot. Your reporter placed his band before the hole and foand the current very strong and hot. "The hole went down diagonally castward, and by placing the eye on the Droper range a elow of light could be scen at the other end, Presently a volce came up from the tun- nel, * How's everythinz?” Thereporter velled back, *First rate.” The man at the other end of the hole. which was five and a half feet dis- tant, however, did not seem to understand, and the reporter was obliged to yell again at the top of his voice. It was hard to talk azainst the current of sir, but every sound came up from the tuonel with great _distinctness. Ezch man in both partics spoke through the hole, and conversation was carried on for half an hour. DISPATCHES FROM SUTRO. Here Supt. Gillette received the following dispateh: * Surmo, July 8—To M. G. Gilette; Should your men succeed In knockinza liitle hole turongh, let them stop and not enlarge it until Tam fally nosi - tied. There should be ample time ziven for vour men and ours to retire, for Iam afraid a colamn of several thonsand feet in length of hot, foul air, snddenly set in motion, might prove fatal to the mea. E'shall telegraph again at 9:30, aud give the report of the suift, which will then b out. Apotrn SUTRO. The next dispatch was'as follows: i Men report drill-hole knocked throngh near the north side. Pat inyour blastand let your men retire to the Incline. \Will be at the header at 12 o'clock. Avocrx SoTno. Orders were given to wait until 10:40 before blasting, and the party chatted among them- selves until the hour arrived. At alittle before 11 o’clock word came up from below that Mr. Sutro was coming. - The Savage men replied that they were about to blast, aud the usual blasting signals were given by poandine on the rock. ‘They were answered Dby the tunnel men, who filled the bottom of the drill-hole with clay, Eight large powder cartridges were then put in, and another signal given that the blast was to be fired. 1t was answercd, and the men withdrew. B. C. Will- iams, the foreman of the Savage, dirceted the operation, and Tom Tengelles fired the blast. All hands withdrevw to the station, and presentl there was a dull roar which shoox the Zround}: Everybody rushed pell-mell to the spot to see the connection. About half-way up the drifc they were met by a blinding rush of smcke, aud a blast of hot air that scemed to come from Tartarus. Thbe reporter's lantern went out with the draft, and onme after an- other the rest of the lizhts succambed to the trcmendous afr-current. All groped their way along the drift, which was as black as ‘Ercbus, and presently came to a big hole waich the blast had knocked out of the rock. It was five feet square. and through the gap which had been rent by the blast the lizhts of the tunnel streamed with a eheerful glow, and at the same tinie a shower of fine dust and frazments of quartz shot from the edge of the opening in the face of the men in the driit. All hands now stripped to the buff, and with pick and_bars be- gan to eolarpe the opening. As each fragment of rock fell ith a crash a cheer came up from betow, and the Savage men responded heartily. The heat ineressed quite perceotibly, and the foul air, which had found its level in the crev- ices of the tunuei for years, was gradually suck- cd in by the draft, and found its” way into the Savaee drift, together Wwith the overpowering aroma of perspiring mules and sweltering men huddied in the header, with the beas at 110 de- grecs. The Savaze men faced the sudden heat gawely, but at times were compelled to sroup around the end of tha compressed air-pioe, and drink in the refreshing and coofing currents 28 thirsty men gulp down water. After the hole had been cotsiderably widened, Superintendent Gillette ordered 'a ladder brougit, and 1t was et down to the floor of the tunnel, which was’ dbout ten fect below the drift, and Adolpn Sutro realized his dream of years by coming up tbroush the tole futo the Bavage with his two sous. He shook hands with toe party, and -went ioto the 1,640-foot tuunel to cool off, after which he went back by way of the tunnel to the ‘Town of Sutro. An American flagr was placed in the giraffe as 0o a5 the blast was made, and ina few min- utes it pointed up the shaft intheereat draught as stT as piece of tin. A flaw was also hoisted over the works, and several kees of lager-beer seut for. Each cageiul of men that came up drank to the great event. and there was a gen- eral jollification all night. 'This morning the draucht of air was still yery powerful, but fower in temperature. 'he opening of the Sutro Tunnel has as yet. ‘made no pereeptible_dilference in the tempeéra- tare inthe Haie & Norcross or California and Colsolidated Vireinia mines. It was quite hot in the Gould & Curry to-day, but there is no doub that it will soon becomc much cooler. ‘The survey made by James & Wrinkie was found this morning_ to be correct to one fnch. Mr. Sutro gave all handsa holiday this morn- ine, and there was o speech, dancing, and wine- arinking at his residence. Virginia_City Enterprise. - The opeaing between the header of the Sutro Tunnel and the drift on the 1,640 level of the average was yesterday considerably enlarged. A gTeat volume of air is_uow rushing through the tunnel and out at the top of the Savage shatt. The force of the current of air coming out at the top of tne shafsis such that a handful of bits of paper being tossed into the shaft, they are sent whirling up to the roof of the works. The state of the air, now that it is in motion, is such that the Sutro ruen caannot remain fu the tunnel withont being made very sick, and it s the same iu the Savage shait. They had 2 big jollification down at Sutro yesterday afternoon. All the men were invited to the Sutro mansion. Sutro made a speech to them. There was no lack of refreshments of ali kinds on the oceasion. Last night the firing_of cannon was heard in the dircction of the Town of Sutro for some hours. Mr. Sutro was allowed the homor of be- ing'the first to” pass through the tunnel. Ile. was half naked when he crawled upf into the Savage drift, and secmed overcome with excitement. Mr. Sutro now gets his En-. terprise throuh the tunnel, and it will soon be utilized for sending all manuer of things from this city to the Town of Sutre. 1u a few days the tunoel will have so far cooled 25 to be quite comfortable. The object ‘of this remarkable engineering work is t0 facilitate mining operations on the Comstack lode, where the miners have reached adepth of from 1,000 to2,300 feet. The ex- pense of puwmping up the water {rom such a depth is enormous—from $2,000,000 to $3,000,- 000 a year s the estimate; besides, work 15 dif- ficult in an_atmosphere of from 85 to 120 deg., where the water is often ata temperatare of 160 @eg. - In some places minersican only han- dle the pick five minutes at a time, haviag then 10 rtreat to the *coolipe places” into which, combressed air. {8 lntroduced, so-that it often takes three or four men to keep ona pick going. | A recent item set down the daily consuwmption of ice per man in’ some parts of tlese mines at ninety-six poands. - % u o Cambyses and Cyrus. Mr. Theophilus: G., Plnches, , George Smith’s successor in_ the Assyrian Department of the Brisish Museum, bas begun his cazeer by an im- portant discovers, with respect to the chronology of the reign of Cambyses, -which, if it. proves correct, will overtarn all the former-theores of Assyrian chrgnoloy.™ That it will be foundcor- rect may be inferred from the faet'df its accept- ance by sach authorities as Sic Heury Ralinson and Dr. Birch. There arc four,documents from Smith’s last collection, dated :second year of Crrus, eleventh year of Cyrus, eighth year of Cambyses, and -cleventh year’ of Cambyses re- spectively. -The dats of the second tablet is as | Ollows: Month Kisley, day. 25th, year-11th; Cambyses King- of Babylon, at this time aiso Cvrus his father” King of: Countries.”” “This proves, almost without a doubt, that Cyms, in - his pinth year, abdicated the throne of Babrlon «in_favorof his_sun Cambyses, Cyrus. himseli rulinz the otlier provinces until s death- wita }he_ title of ** King of Countries.” . The last tab~ eL shows that Cambyses was regarded by the Babylonians as havinz reigned eteven years, so that, so far from having been killed on his return. :.:"l)il:rrl fiv:&pfig\;gz b;rfh lived to rule again n of Bardes aiid of the false Kchcn:fn:‘t’l‘x:fiE mlsu. — DISRAELI'S PROPHECY. “The Time Will Come YWhen Yor Will fear Mo "—His First Specch In the Honse of Commons, = ¢ Lord Beaconsfield's present prominent posi- tion among the statesnien ot Europe gives point to the republication of the close: of . his speech in the House of Commons when known only a3 Mr. Disracli, the novelist. It was made in 1837, in reply to the attacic of 0'Conzell upoa Sir T. Burdett for deserting the Liberal cause, and 1s. &aid to be reported verbati **Istand here to-night, sir—[here the nolse in the flouse became so mencral that the honor- able gentleman could not proceed ‘for some time; when the confusion had somewhat sub- sided, he said]: I stand here to-night, sir, not formally, but in some degree virtually, the rep- sresentative of o considerable aumber of mem- bersof Parliament. [Burstsof laughter.] Now, why smite? (Continted lavehton] Wity covy me? [Here the laugnter became general.] Why should I not have a tale to unfold Lo-night! [Roars of langhter.] Do you forget that band of 138—thosc ingenions “aud inexperienced youths to whose ‘unsophisticated minds tle hanceHor of the Exchequer, in those tones of winning pathos—[eeessive laughterand loud cries ol - Questionj—Now, a cousiderable ms conception exists in the minds of many members on this side of the House as to the couduct of ler Majesty’s - Gov- ernmient with regard to these elections, and I wish toremoveit. I will not twit the nable Lord opposite with npiionswhich are not ascribable to- him or- to his more immediate supporters, but which iwere expressed by the most popular sectiun of bis party some few montls back. [Question, question.] Abouc that time, sir, when the bell of our cathedral announced the death of the monarca—[Oh, on! and much iaughterj—we all read then, sir— [L'roan! aud eries of Oh!]—we all thea read— inughter and great interruption]—{ know -nothing which to me is more deliziitful than to show courtesy to 2 new wember, particularly it he happens to appeal to me from tae party op- posed to mysell. [Hear, hear.] At tbac time we read that it was the death-kuelt of Toryism, that the doom of that party was sealed, that their funeral obsequies. were abott to be con- summated. [Laugnter.] We .were told that with the lution . of that much- vilitied Parliament which the Rizht ton- orable Baronet had called together the hopes and prospects. of the Tories would by thrown forever to the winds—[laughter)— and that alfairs were again brought exactly to what they were at the period when the hurricd lr. Hudson rushed into the Chambers ot the Vatican. [Immense langhter.] 1 do not im- pute these sanzuine hopes to the noble Lord Limself particalarly, because I remember that, shortly afterward, the noble Lord, as if to check the new and sangume expectations of bis, followers, came forward with a mamfesto in-’ forming them tlat the Tories could not_expire ina moment, but the Ministry in a Reform Parliament mignt depend upon having a work- ing majority of 100. which was to be extended upon great oceastons to 125 aud 180. Now, sir,—[Question, question],—this s the question, and I'am going 10 ask the noble Lord for our fnstruction. (Ob, oh! and great interruption.} We only wish to know tbis simple fact, whether the great occasion on which the working ma- jority_was to increase from 100 to 125 or 180 is upon the question of an- elee: tion ballot,—[cheers and groans},—and whether the Grenyille act has not been given forth to the people that it is impossible that an impartial tribunal can be obtained in_this House? [Oh, oh! . Question, question.} If bonorable members think it i fair thus to fno- terrupt me, L will submit. . [Laughter, andcries of goon.? But I beg simply to ask— [Oh! and loud laughter.] Notbinzisso casy as to laugh. [Roars of laaghter.] Ireally wish to When we remember all this,—when we remem- ber all that, in spite of the sapport of the hon- orable gentlemer, the member for Dublin, and his well-disciolined phalanx of putriots, aud, in spite of all this, we remember the awa- tors .eclozue [roars of laughter], the old loves and new loves that took plice between the noole Lord, the Tityrus of the Treasury Bench, and the learned Daphoe of Liskeard [lond Iaughter, and cries of Question], which appeared as a fresh instance of the amoris redinteeratio - [excessive lauehter],—when wo remember at the same time that. with eman- cipated Ireland and - enslaved England, on the one hand a triumphaat nation, on the otber & roaminz_people, and notwithstanding the noble Lord, secure on the pedestal of power, may wicld in one handthe keys of St. Peter, and — Here the honorable member was in- terrupted with such loud and incessant bursts of laughter that it was impossible to know whether he really closed his scntence or not. The_honorable metcber concluded in- these words: Now, Mr. Speaker, wesee the philo- sophical prejudices of man. cheers.] 1 respect cheers, even when they coma from the lips of political opponents. [Renew- ed laozhter.] I think, sir— (EHear, bhear, and repeated cries of Question, question.] 1am aot at all surprised, sir, at the reception which 1 have recerved. [Continued laughter.| I have bezun several times many things—(laughter]|— and I have succeeded at last. {Fresh cries of Question.] Ay, sir, aod thoueh 1 sit aown now, the time will come when you will hear me."; ‘The honorable member delivercd the last sen- tence in a very loud tone, and resumed his seat amidst cheers from the Opposition und much laughter from the Ministerial benches. MORE KU-KLUX. How Alabams Democrats Shoot and Drag * Around Colored Men. g Eason (') Correspondence Fustington Reoublicun. By- relatiog an incident which occurred fu Decatur,) Ala., a few days since, you will under- stand bow it is that the killiog ot *‘nizgers” 2nd bolding Democratic Conveutions are so fre- quently associated. Some few nizhts since the residence of one of Decatur’s citizens was ca- tered and a jar of preserved fruit stolen. Befora the hunery burglar could escape the alarm was given, and he was seen sufficiently to be recog- nized, and, behold, it was a * nigrer.”” The town +was at once raised and search made, bat without success. The-frate loser of the fruit offered $100 reward, to which the newiy-clected Mayor added $100 more. ‘The intelligence of this ont- rage, together with the offer of 3200 reward, reached Huntsville, a distance ‘of twenty-five miies. A strange and suspicious-looking neero wes arrested, and the unfortunate loser of the fruit was telezraohed. He took the dirst train for Huntsille, the pext day returned to Deea- tur with the Town Marshal of Muntsville, hav- ing the prisoner in charge, pinioned hand and foot with couls of rope. “Tney went immediate- 1y to the court room, where it was ezoected a reliminary examination of the case would be gehL Once in the court room, the deeoly- wronged and much-to-be-sympathized-with loser of the fruit asked some questions of the pris- oner (who was still bound hand ane foot), the prisoner makini no reply, the outraged scion of chivalry, while ladoring uuder 4 1it of temporary fnsanity (as I3 claiined by bis frienas), drew his revolver, placed it at the prisoners head, and fired, the ball entering the neck. “The shooting attracted geueral atteution to the Coun-}louscx and in a few moments the room where the ' pigzer " was Ivioz (supposcd to be dead) was crowded, and the “*nizger™ be- ing disposed of it was decided to hoid a Demo- cratic caucus or convention, having for its ob- Jject (it was stated) of selecting delezates to the County avd district convention; after a wrangle of several hours the copvention acjourned. A learned Justice of the Peace beingz present, it was decided to * finish the nizger.” if hie wasn’t dead. He was drazged from the corner, and, though covered with blood 2nd in an aimost dy- ing condition, he was addressed by.the J. % as follows: “ We don’t want Lo pronoance sentence without first having ziven .sou a chanee to prove your innocence.” - “Oli, what magnn- . imity!” They were actually willinr he should prove his ionocence before he Lad been proven guilty, for the very zood reazon they, well knew it would be as difficult for the [oor,negro. to prove his inmocenceas for them to prove his guilt. ~ After this farce the negro was ‘héld fn defaait of, $2,000 bond. Up to this writing I have heard nothing of any notice baving oeen taken of the shuoling of the bound . prisover wlilic fu the court-reom await, in_the custody of -tlie offfters of’ the law. But; lr, what is very'siguificant, the man who committed this diabolical'act was tne, next day nominated on the Demoeratic ticket to ‘represent : Morgan roBasly Coanty in the stare. . Th 18 Jodzed In the county jail and: will recover from his wounda. palie o The entries for-the: Derby aod Oiks of 1580 closed last Tuesday, but no advice regardine the placebefore the Rouse what is our position. - [Langhter and - number of nomioatlons in either cvent have yel . ; been received in this country. *