Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 8, 1878, Page 4

‘Tr1- Weekly, one year, Farisof a year. oer m WEAKLY EDITION, POSTPAID. Gre copy, 1 Chub of fou Kreetmen Give Fost-Ofice addrens In fail, Including State ant County. Uemittances may be made etther br draft, express, Tost-Office order, orin restetered letters, at our risk. TEAMS TO CITY BUNSCHINETS. Tally, delivered, Sundas excented, 25 cents nar week, Talis, detlvered, Funitay inclided, 90 cents net week. cs HR THINUNR COMPANY, ‘orner Madieon and Dearbarn-ste,. Chiengo, Ni. Orders for the delivery of Tur TRinuNe at Evanston, Englewood, and flyde Park leftin the counting-room Willrevelve prompt sttention. TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. ‘The Cricaco Trintwe has established branch offices forthe recelptof subscrivtionsand advertisements as yes ‘ * 7 z NAW TORRY Rook to Tyrone Hetiding,/ Fanpgy, Manacer. ie Taals, Frnst-Nepnenndygy ia qrahis-typgitate. HH, Manure, Agent. * LONDON, Eng.—American Exchange, 440 Strait. it. AMUSEMENTS. MeVickor’n Thentres Mediron street, between Dearborn and state, ‘After Dark. Afternvon and ovening Hooley’s Theatre. Tandoinh street, between Clark ant LaSalle. Emerson's Minstrels, Afternoon and evealag. Now Chicago Theatre. Clark street. opposite Sherman Houre. ment of J, Z. Little. evening. Engage. “Roving Jack." Afternoon and Haveriy’s Theatre. Monroe street, corner of Dearborn, fost Hart's Pan+ orama of the Chicago Fire. Afternoon and cvening. Collsenm. Clark atreet, opposite new City-Hall. Variety en- tertaiament, Folly Theatre, Desptatoes atreet, between Waablogton and Madison. ‘Variety perturmance, SOCIETY MEETINGS. CHICAGO CHAPTER NU. 127, R.A. M.—fpectal Convocation Wedneatny evening, May Rat 7:30 o'clock, Work on? and M. i. Master Deéurces, £. Y, TOBEY, H. T. RLANEY LODGR, STL A. F, & A. M.—Stated Communication tite Wednesday)’ evening, at geloce. HA 70 Bonme-at,, Vistting bretlicin cor Tited, GEORGE GauDNEL, W, Bi. MAY 8, WEDNESDAY, 1878. Grconbacks at the Now York Stook Ex. change yesterday closed ot 99}. The President has ordored the discontinu- anco of tho Land-Oflice at ‘Traverse Clty, Mich. A similar Executive order could with advantage be issued relative tom number of Custom-Houses whero the enlarles of the officials excecd tho rovenue collected. —_—_——- Discussion of the Chincse question will be revived in the Sonate shortly, tho Com- mittee on Foroign Relations having agreed to report recommending the passage of a concurrent resolution favoring a modification of existing treaty provisions by which Bfon-. golian immigration -fs unrestrioted, and di- recting the attention of the President to the inportance of tho subject. A gratifying onse of fraud oxposuro la narrated in a Keokuk dispatch printed this morning. Ono Morr, a “materializing me- dian "jwho had mot, with extraordinary sue. | cosy asa demonsirater-of Spiritist: phenoms" enn, fell afoul of a cloveror man than him- self, and camo to grisf‘in a most ignomn. ious manner. It yaaa cago of spirit agninst splrit, and the gouuite article, the alcoholic solution of aniline, aquirted into tho face, had decidedly tho best of the encounter, ———_—_———- Tho ooourrence of a second elovator acci- dont within o fortnight is enteulated to bring about o return to first principles in getting up stair smongnorvons people, Less cause for indiscriminate distrust of elevators will ba found, howaver, when it is borna in mind thnt in both theso instances the plainest rules of procaution and prudonce were vio. Inted by persons not intruated with the man.” agcmont of the machines, But tho nocosaity of constant watchfulness in order to detect tho gradual impairmont of the strength and sufety of tho numerous elevators in the city has been forcibly detnonstrated hy the two aceidonts, and in this way much good will result from a sinall outlay of injury, ——— ee Tho President has signed the Pacific Rail. ron! Refunding bill, compelling the Unton, the Central, and the Kansas. Pacific Honda to contribute 25 per cont of thelr not onrn- jugs towards paylug the iuterest on the Government second-mortynge bonds, ‘This is tho Li which Branuxy Marrnews fought so hard for some unknown reason, and Jie Leacxe triot to treachorously stab, It was thonght by Jay Govtn and others that tho President could be induced to voto it, but ho knew better than todosnehathing, Ho bas not forgotten so soon tho fate af, the veto gaint tho Silvor bil. Thu Refunding bill would have been put through over his head in’ tho wamo way. The people wanted the Dill to pays, and that settled the question, Matters conuccted with the Cincinnati Whivky-Iting exposures aro assuming a phaso that promisos important developments and resulta ob an carly day, Collector Wrirzet's resignation bas boen demanded, but he ix rtported to have doclarod his iutention of fighting it out, and, from Present appearances, he will bo ‘afforded opportunity for ox spirited 9 contest og he cau possibly . wage. It will bo ro- membered that in the old days of tho Buistow war upon - the Chicago and Bt, Louia whinky-thioves the loftlout indignation was in the outsut expressed by ofliciuls who were subscquently undor crim. qual indictment at the baro suggestion that they had been in any manuer remiss, Cin- ciunati isin a fair way to repent this expe- rience, Mr, Movuztox, Feprewonuting the North. western Dairymen's Adsoclation, the Ameri zon Dairymen's Association, and the Wise cousin, lowa, Ohio, and Pennsylvania Dairy- inen's Auyaciations, and also the British juanafacturces of dairy walt, In'd before tho Comuittue of Ways and Moans some facts respecting sult which ure of deep Pecuniary interest to tho farmers and duirymen of the country, and especially of the West. Tho Present tax on walt bas @ tendency to forea the use of salt in the manufacture of butter and cheesy which is Sujurious to these arti- cles, All salt is not wqually good for these articles, aud careful testy as to the preserva. tive qualities of differout salts showed that it Maker a difforeuce of from two to five cents per pouud in the value of the butter. Butter auude from the inferior salt will not sell for from two to five centeas mach asbutter made with the vther salt. ‘The product of butter in this country is 050,000 tonsa year, and thut of THE CIICAGO TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY MAY | , 1878; cheese 150,000 tonan year, The tax on ralt is £2.68 per ton, and the New York State ennal tolla on ralt—for the protection of the Onondaga Salt Company—nre $1.90 por ton, orn total tax of @4.58 per ton, That is, that sam is added to the original cont of im- ported dairy salt, bestdos the cost of freight. Tho prica of Onondaga salt in Chicago is about $12.60 9 ton, while that of tho Int ported salt is from $24 to $27 per ton. If, by using the cheaper aalt, the value of the butter is reduced an averaga.of threo conts per pound and that of cheese one-half cont per pound, the aggregate loss in the butter product is €39,000,000 a yoar, and in that of the cheeso #1,f00,100 n year,—fhn aggregate cash loss to the dafry interest of $10,000,000 a year, The whole revenue to the Govern- mont from salt is $800,000 © year, and to tax the dairy intorest of the country forty millions of dollars ayear to prodnce lesa than one million of dollara ravonua ia n #e- verv extortion for the purposo of protecting the Ouondaga Salt Compan; Tho House yesterday took up the Tariff bill in Committee of tho Whole, the motion to consider the bill being carried by the close vote of 109 to 108, Gen. Banxs, represont- ing special interosts in Massachusetts, spoke in opposition to the bill, charging, among othor things, that special Interests in Ohio were unduly favored by the tariff schedule adopted by the Ways ond Means Committes. Tho only , special interests which the Protectionista can see ig- nored with perfect complacancy are those of the great body of the consumers who pay the tax imposed for the benefit of a few manufacturers, and of the great body of agricultural producers, who join in the pay- ment without any protection whatsoever. It is only a quostion of time when this spe- ciel Interest will assert Ils power and sweep tho ontire protective system from the laws of the land. In proposing to institute an inquiry int the alleged Florida Electoral frnuds the Dem. ocrats srain dnnger of encountering atub- born opposition from an unexpected source. ‘The movement has excited the ire of somo of the State’s-Rights mon, who strongly object to the assumption by Congress of the autlor- ity to Institute prococdings to revise nnd correct olection frauds in a State, and insist that the starting-point of the mintter. shonld be the action of the Stato anthorities, first in {nvostigating and ascertaining the facts, and then, if the state- mmeuts of McLin and Dennis were found to be true, to put both of the rascals in the Ponitentinry, after which the Stato would inemorializo. Congress and action could be takon by that body. Such fs the view enter- tained by prominent Southern Democrats, who aro opposed on general principles to the scheme for improving ‘T1Lpzn's chances by a Congressional investigation, and who par- ticularly dislike the infraction of their pot principle involved in the proposition. —_— TWO NEW YORK DEMOURATIC LEADERS DEAD! ‘The Democratic party of the Empire State isthe most extraordinary political organiza- tion known to history, Its vitality is mar- yelons. It has as many lives ns a cat, and is capable of desconding to lower depths of meanness and of rising to greater heights of oudacity than any other association of hu- man belngs. As some beasty of; prey grow fat ono dict of the most poisonous offal, so tho Democratic party of Now York thrivea-In spite of the fact that it oxistsin the stench of an atmosphere of moral putrid- ity. Tho secret of this wonderful vitality is found in the fact that tho Domocracy of New York has always held, and still holds, in its close ombrace the bulk of all the hopo- lessly-bad elemonts in tho community, A‘ cortain tho antecedents of inmatos of all the State Penitontiaries in that State, and it will ho found, in 4 vast majority of cases, that they were Domocratic. Thieves, pickpock- ots, burglars, robbers, gamblers, and com. mon asuasina will tell you, if inquired of, that they belong to the Democratic party. And they aro not merely Domocrata of the rank and filo; fhoy aro leadora in all tho New York primary ballot-box-atufllng move- ments. Two of the high chiefs of the New York Democracy havo Iately passed sway. Both were prominent ix the State-councils, and both exercised a poworful influence upon ita actions, ‘I'wexp, who died afew weoks ago in prison, absolutely controfled the Gov- eruuient of Now York City for many years, and, through such local supremacy, prac- tically dictated tho policy of the State Gov- ornmont when it was in the bands of the Demweracy, ‘Tween's intluence in tho party councils grow out of hia popularity with tho bad classes composing the lower atrata of the Democratic organization, Through fhat association and popularity he was able to as- humo a position in the front rank of Demo- cratio leadera,—in fact, to become a loader of Joadord, And through this powor of dic- tation, derived from tho roughy and thugs of tho Metropolis, ho was ablo to commit the Democratic party of tha State to a syatem of administration so corrupt that, through its organization, he and his confederates stolo tienty-fice million dollars from the publlo ‘Treasury | ‘Tho case of the pugilistio gambler, Jony Monnisaey, is o more striking illustration of tha possible oatgrowtha of the New York Democratic organization and political ethics than that of Tween, It ia worth while to trace bricfly the career of tho fate Joun Mountsuzy from the date of his leadership of a gang of blacklegs and rowdies in Troy, to the time when, equally with Twzxp, he ross fe the front rank of Democratic loader- ship’of the Empire State. Monnwser's carccr is instructive, as showing how the vicious elements n that party sometimes forca one ‘of thelr representative roughs clear through the vaneering of roupootability which hides them from view, in order that the public may know exactly where Demo. cratio power resides, It should ba said, in justico to the memory of Monuisszy dead, that, in the highest political station to which he attained,—that of Congressmian,—ho con- ducted himuelf with a fair degree of do- corum. But this dogs uot alter the fact that, asacitizen, ho commenced his career as a bully aud prize-fighter, and never rose above the station of a gambler. Now lat us group a few incidents of bis life to show how easy it is fora man with the instincts and pas ions of a brute to become an acceptable partisan leader, We reproduce the sub- stance of Mousisszy’a biography as it lately appeared in the uewepapers: By this time Mousisszy, who was even In those dayu built lke » young bull, begag to take an attive park tn the local faction disputes of ‘Troy, sod, io Lhe (st b7 years Of aye), be wae already oh of the must prominent **zoundere” of the chy. There were at that tle two parties among thy young roughs and rowdies of Troy, known 58 “Up-Town" and **Down-Town." Mountvert waa the leader or ‘*chter devil" of the '*Down- Town" cuog. Upon the drat occesiun that offered, Mouwissxy pounded O'Rovuxn, the leader of the ““Up-Town" gang, iuio a Jelly. The quarrule aud dgtle between theae two conve were {ncessant, Qud very wunuylog to tho reapectuble citizens of ‘Troy. onary, having whipped O'Rourke, was obliged to fzht allthe ehiet bnilice in hin train. ‘There fichta were elght in number, and wereall fonght duting the ensuing yest, Monnts- sey waa a trlumphane victor in all, and, fuongh only 18 yeace of age, bie name and achtavements ere the subject of discussion and notoriety In spurting circles In every State fn the tinton, «we 1850 Monnissey ta- volved to go to California. Te aclected a4 a com- pauion one Daxig Conxinantag, an aseansti, ogether they made ups nneac of $13, ‘Thele test atep wartoateaiaride to New York City ona frelwht train; their eccond, to atow themeclyes away on hoard the Pacific Mail steamer. then on the point of fearing port. When called npon for tick: ets (ome days ont), they cooliy informed the Cap- tain that they had deliberatety left home with the ins tention af efeating their way toCallfornia, Belore the steamer reached Chagrea River Monnisser had enalienged another rongh to ficht aduel with pie tole, An acon as the steamer east anchor, anil was surrounted by aimall boats, Monnisery and nis friend the asearein selzed one of the boats, threat- ened ta shoot the owners if they should’ object, and rowed ashore to keep their dacling Appointment; bit tne other rongh did not . They ‘footed it" to Panama, anit there began to play Spanish. monte and faro, atacting with acapital af $5. ‘They did not, however, win enough to pay their fares to San Franclaco, so they reeulyed to anéak on board tho ateumer and hide themselves until it wonld be too }ate to kick them ashore, In prreuance of this pisa they sfole a boat and rowed out to the vesee), it were warned of by sn armed sentinel. ‘They finally aucceeded in stating aboard, and anb- eeqnentiy in P33 ing for thetr passage by fighting: ‘on the slde of she Captain io the suppression of a molting, . . » The pugillet and the aseassin, upon theit arrival in Ran Francisco. with money advanced by fmends started a faro-bank, which they ran abont etzht months, with only moderate success. In 1851, Monntasey, in company with a lot of ronghs, became a pirate, making a voyage to Queen Charlotte's Island, in the Brith Vos- Rerstons, in sestch of gold and adventure, bat se- eneing neither, When Monntsser retumed to San Francisco from this unsucceas{nl voyage it was to commence hia career aaa pngillet. This it is unnecessary tonotico except to eay thatit wae qnite successful, closing with the IlzENAan fight in October, 853. In 183) Mountsezy opencd a gambling: hone on Broadway, where he made **s good deal of money,” In 1800 he went to England to boss 4 prize-fight. In 1801 he began to speculate in Wall street, In 1803 he lost all the money he made in both his eambling-honees in Wali atreet. In 1864, 1805, and 1806 he made money in Wall street and in both his gambling-Aouscs, And in ISG, his political Influence having Increased with the growth of his fame se pugilist, gambler, and man of wealth, ho was sent to Congress ns a fit tepresent- mocracy. His majority that year but in 1868 ho was returned bre 00, He sipasliacd ils retirerne: ual halls of legislation in 1870 by opening his new clab (gambling) house at Sara~ toga, the conetraction of which, ats cc If $250, - , he had euperintended tn the intervals uf Con- gressionai Inbor. He was a man of remarkable energy and force of churacter, as witness his auc- cenehal contests in the prize-ring with Tuoupsox, Yanxee Suttivan, and Hertax. He was aman of great industry and veraatility, as witness the fact that, during his four years’ ardaons service in Con- gress and two years In the Stato Senate, he was able successfully to conduct the vast business of two of the targest gambling-honses In tha world, ‘We venture to soy that tho parallel of this careor is not to be found in the pages of the political history of this or any cther conn- try. We venture to say, further, that in modern times there is not to be found an- other instance of a great political party olaiming to ba respactablo daring to lond tho sonclion of itsnamo and character to tho ambition of a professad rowdy, pugilist, and gambler, for high political prefermont. It ia not to be denied that bad mon achiavo groat eminence, in exceptional casos, in all politi- cal partics; but thoy accomplish their pur- poses by the adroit concealment of their true character. Butit is only in tho so-called Democratic party that vice constitutes a valid olaim to political sdvancoment, That par ty, in tho lower strata of its composition, breeds such mon as Tween ond Mountsszy, and, a3 the lower strata controls the upper, it is fnovitable that such monsters will, from time to time, bo forced to the surfaco to as. sume the leadership. This occasional leader- ship of distinguished thieves and gamblers ia not, however, the best illustration of the dangers of Bourbon party control, The existonce in the Democratic party of tho bad elements whenco spring, logitimately, such leaders os Twexp and Morniuser tends to lead astray tha whole mass, The respectables who would manipulate the lower strata of tho party must necossarily associate with the rowdles, roughs, and thugs of which it’ {a composed; and this contact soon converts them into demagoguos of the most dangerous type. Hence thelr rule is moro pernicions and moro to be dreaded and deplored than that of the Tweens and Monnisszrs who some- times dispute with thom for possession of tho sceptro, : ‘Twezp and Monaissey havo passed from tho stage ; but thera are other Twxzps and Monnissers in the same ranks stealing and gambling themselves into bad promi- nenco, and they will sooner or later come to the surface, The groat gamblor Monnissey and the groat thief Twezp, now dead, flour. ishod during the ebb-tide of Democratio party prospority. How much greater suc- cess may attend the Twzens and Monnisexrs of tho future, in the event of Democratia national succes#, remains to bo seen, THE CHINESE QUESTION. The problom of Chinese emigration is rap- idly becoming one of the most important ise anes of the timo, and is assuming such a shape that it will demand speedy solution oy rosult in werious trouble, ‘Tho flood has reached such dimensions, and {s so rapld in its cours, that it must bo regulated, sinco it cannot be altogether stopped, or thero will bo a disastrous overflow. It is tut a short time since an application was made in the Courts of California, on behalf of 3,000 Chi- namen, for tho right of naturalization, with tho understanding that there were 40,000 moro behind thom who would become citizens if tho declafon were favorable, The prospocta opened up by such a decision are not pleas. ant to contemplate, If Chinamon once learn that they can come over hers and be naturalized, the prosont immigration will be immonsely enlarged. ‘They will pour over here by hundreds of thousands and millions, aud,as to the Pacific Blope, that xection of the couutry will inevitably bo de-Americanized, aud pass under: the social, commercial, and political control of the Six Companies. It would be impossible for white mon to live there, ‘They would Hterally be elbowed out, Even without any hope of natural. ization, it is inovitable that the Pacific Statew must be overrun before long with Chineso without employment, avery stoam- er adding o thousand to the nom- ber. ‘The naceasity of regutoting this emi. gration, therefore, ia imperative. he Re- publican National platforin has recognized this by pronouncing in favor of investiga. tion, The Democratio platform expresses open hostility to Chinamen, While one-half the poople of the country, therefore, uro op- posed to Obinese immigration, the other half havo been studying tho problem to uce if It connot be solved without doing a national injustice or breaking treaty stipulations, ‘Tho question has at last reached Congress in a practical shape, the Senate Committee on Education and Labor having agreed upon a’ bill imposing @ fine of 3100 on the master or owner of any voxsel for evory Obinese innmigrant over the number of fifteen landed on any one trip. This may at fint sight seem like a hardship, but it fs uono tho less. awatter of necos, alty that something should be done, and done at once, Chinese immigration has alresdy crowded white labor to the wall on tho Pacific Slope, and thero ig no doubt that there are as many Obinamen in that section as aro needed for the labor they can perform, such aw laundry work, domestic sorvice, and digging, gradivg, and tunneling for rail. roads, gto. But still the flood continues to pour over, aud it ia now greatly ja- cron in Chinn, All who can leava aro leaving, And thoro is no spot go attractive to them as America, There is no room for thom inthe East or West, however, autho labor market ig alrendy overstocked, nor in the South, aathero ars already more’ blacks than are necessary to perform the very kind of Inbor which Chinamen are capable of doing. They must, therefore, gravitate to the Pacific Btates, and this they are doing in vast num- berg, the exodus from China boing greatly inereased by the horrors of famine, Under the treaty stipniations woe cannot arrest this immigration altogether without violating one plighted faith with Ohina, but we can regulate it under our Iaws. We wannot say that no Chinamen shall come upon ateainers or sailing vesuela to onr shores, bit we have the right to regulate the number of pas- songera a vossel shall carry, and the report agreed upon by the Sonate Committee re- duces the immigration to a harmless pro- portion. It may be that some action of thia kind may goa long woys towards settling n question that is troublesome now, and can only grow still mora embarrassing if eome limit be not placed upon the Celostial rush, ‘Tho proposition nt lenst desorves the most careful considerktion upom'the part of Con- gross, HUMPHREYS, EADS, AND COWDEN. ‘The Louisville Courier-Journal has its own notions in regard to loyal dovotion to the ju- terosts of tha South. It favors the constric- tion of a Southern Pacific Railrond and o protection of the Mississippi lowlands from ovorflow at the expense of the taxpoy- ers, because both aro Southorn solemes, but it favors them only under cortain condi. tions. It is opposed to tho building of a Southern Pacific Road by private enterprise, and without subsidy or risk on the part of the Government; it wants no Pacific Rail- rond for tho Sonth unless the Governmont shall practically provide $40,000,000 (by guarantecing tho interest for fifty years thoreon, and becoming reaponsiblo for $100,- 000,000 in that way), which shall bo partly squandered and partly stolen by « Constric- tion Ring on the Cradit-Mobilier pinn, So it is opposed to any protection from the Mis- aissippi floods which can be obtained with- out an expenditure of $60,000,000 or $100,- 000,000, and insists upon a plan requiring a tromendous raid on tho United Statea Trons- ury. Thoge circumstances would indicate that tho oditor of the (.~/, is not ao loyal to the South in general as he is to certain schomes for plundoring the Government. Ono of the rosults of the Courier-Juurnal’s advocacy of the subsidy-schomes ia the nocessity for attacking Tne Tripuxe when- vor it suggests o means whoreby tho South can secure its desired advantages without o raid on the public monoys. ‘Ing ‘Trincxe has edlvocated Capt, Cownen’s plan for a now outlet into Lake Borgno, 8 fow milos bolow Now Orloans, because it commends itsalf to aclevtifo judgmont, and bocause it will not coat fore trial thousand dollars where tho levee oxperiment will cost a million, Of course this is sufficient provocation for the Courier-Journal to charge that Tux Trmuxe ‘is notuated only by sectional spite, dosires to destroy the river for commercial purposes, and recommends a plan looking to that end.” Unfortunately for tho position of the Courier- Journal, ithas the poor judgment to quote both Capt. Eaps and Gon, Humpuneys at tho same time as the great authorities on the Misslasippi River. -Now, Capt. Eaps and Gen. Husrnnsra happen to be at diroct yorianco about this:matter, The lovee or embankment schorle is the one suggest. ed by Husspunzrs, and Eaps contends that this plan must po abandoned, becauso it would bo n waste of monoy to build a system of lovees which would be constantly washod out in tho futuro au they have bean in the past. Capt. Eans,has a plan of his own, which is merely to extend the jettiea systom along the whole length of tho river from Cairo to South Pass on the same goneral plan as his present oxporiment at the mouth of the rivor, His theory is that the ono thing necessary ia to soonro a channel of uniform width from ono ond of the river to the other, that such a channel would dig out a deep bod of its own, keep the way clear of bars, and afford an amplo passage forthe floods, which would then cerse, ha thinks, to overflow tho lowlands, It will thus be secn that tho only thing in common between the Husruners and Eins plans is that each would cost the Government from $$100,000,000 upwards, and provide for a vast Construction Ring. It Ss probably for this reason that the Courier-Journal is prepared to support either or both these schemos (thongh they are irreconcilably contradic. tory) in preference to Capt. Cownzn's sim- ple plan, which only calls for an investment of $150,000 to teat ita oMlcaoy, Capt. Eaps’ opposition to tho Cownen plan is upon tho presuiuption that tho pro- posed now outlet would carry off onough wator to intorfero with his channel at tho mouth of tho river, which it ta tho mission of hia jotties to protect, Thi approhension might bo well founded if the river wero to bo connected with ontlets considerably lower than the river-bod, which would drain the river at low water as woll as at high water. DBut* Gapt. Cownen's proposition {s simply to remova the embankment somo six or sovon miles bo- low New Orleans, and furnish o channel about a mile wide 9 little higher than tho river surface at low water,—simply the land at itsown lavel,—which will assist in carrying off the surplusor flood, but will not be a drain upon the river at its ustural and usual level. In the meantime the Courier-Journal must secure some authoritative decision ax to whether Gon, Humpunzrs’ embankment sys- tem or Capt. Eapu’ jotty system is the trna solution of tho BMisstasippl problem before it can reasonably expect the Government to undertake the expenditure of yucounted millions on account’ of elthar, and at the some timo utterly iguoro s third plan which looks vastly more prombing than either of the others, and which can be tested gt a cost of Jess than a quartor of a million dollars, THE CURE FOR COMMUNIGM, Preparations should be made to put down Communistio outbroaks promptly. The foolish persons now drilling in the large clties may do mischief, if they get started, before the police or the State authorities can stopthem. The wise thing to dois to pro- vent thom from gotting started. This can be done by officially informing them that they will have to mect a superior force, well drilled and equipped, aud accustomed to fighting, as soon ax they begin operations. If the griny were filled up, to 50,000 men, and distributed in such m manner that the President could give 5,000 regulars to any Governor on twenty-four hours’ notice, we should hear no more about Commune tliteats to burn cities. ‘fhe great bugbear which domsgogues and fanatics havo raised up would yo out of sight as sdon as rocruittey for the regulary Logan. ‘The increase ox the army would bo good by the terrible faniine that‘is raging ‘tor the Communista, because it would keep them out of tronbla and destruction. It wonld show thom the difficulties of putting their plana into execution, and indace them to disband and go about their business, Thoy are dont to arguments addressed to the un. derstanding alone; here is an argument which appeals equally to the inmgination and the understanding. They say to prop- orty-ownera: ‘Yon must give usp ahare of your earnings and property because we have the powerto make you do so.” Property: owners reply: ‘'' You have not the power ; thore aro fifty regiments of regulars to; prove it.” Tho effect of such an argument would be inatantaneous, Tho Communists would seo that thoy had not a small numbor of policemen or a handfnt of raw militia alone to fight against, but also a regular avy. It would be atrange if they bad the same mindto fight fu one cose ns in the other. Any arrangoment which keeps them from fighting is, it is plnin, merciful to them, becauso they can have no success be- yond the pillagingand burning of a fow shops and the marder of a few respectable citizens; ond successes of this kind, besides costing a great deal, nre apt to b@punished. The in- crease of the army to 50,000 men would make thom logs roady to try such experiments. - It is surprising that, when the public safety requires an increase of the army so {nperntivoly, Democratic statesmen should bo found to advocate its reduction, Wo do not understand that Communism is a YDomooratio principle, Senator Gonpox, a roprosentative Demoorntic states- man, enid in his speech of Monday that “The spirit of Commnnism, if tolerated here, would not only doom the reward of labor, but wonld ruin tha libertics of our people.” And yet Apnaw Hewrrr—knowing that the army svas tho bost protection againat Commnnistio riots last July, and is the best Promise of protection now—has proposod to reduce the number of regiments from forty to twenty-six, and the total force of recruited men to 20,000. This would hardly be sufficiont to protect tho fronticrs and garrison the forte. Mr. Cnantzs A. Dawa also hos mado an outcry against the army familiar through the Now York Sun by printing every day in, small capitals his domand, ‘Reduce the army to 10,000 men.” This is natural for him, mnco his chief editor, Jone. Swinton, iso Communist loader. But those who are not. Communists have equal reason to demand that Congross should increase tho army to 50,000 men. The Demooratia party in par- ticular hos reason to demand it because its londers now rost under suspicion of sym- pathizing with the Commune. It contains multitudes of men of property, and no one Of those will uphold tho party-leaders in any alliance of thia incendiary description, whereas any vigorous monasures to keep the Inwloss and turbulent classes in check will ba rewarded by the people. Thero ia a good deal snid about the economy of reducing the army, but that would be a false and foolish economy which shonld leavo tho Government unprovided with the moans of enforcing law and order upon the call of the State Govornmonts. An increase to 60,000 men would require no additional officers, and would involvo on in- crenso of only 9 fow millions in the appropri- ation, This would be asmall sum to pay for tho peaca and absolute security of the country, Tho want of such « provision might lend to riots which would cost in actual money-loas ten tines that amouut, ss the Pittsburg riota alone involved a loss of 3,000,000 to $4,000,000, Besidos this, the indirect loam: resulting from the stoppage of business and wages would swoll tho total beyond catenlation. Five or eight millions is aamall sum to pay for quict and business prosperity, and this will not como to tho fall extent until the agrarian agitations cease, This ta why wo say, ‘Incroase the army to 60,000 men.” The IilnoleContral Mallroad waa bulit by a aub- aidy, ‘The Goverment granted the Company more thun two and a pialf million acres of lands (2, 603, - O54) for that purpose, For much of tuo prosperity of tho State, Iinols 18 indebted to thisgrant,aud: the Company now owns aud operates rallway line from Chicago to New Orleans, Chicago is the chief benefit: Did the editor of ‘Tue Tuncxe -grant? If Tus Turnunn te on rece ‘ord av oppowed to this groatest of all railroad sub. aldies, {ts files will no doubt prove the fact, Tus ‘Tursesa is ike all othor Northern journals ovpos- ing Government ald to internal “improvement, Unable to ask for much more fur thomuelyos, they bayo determined that no othersection aliall be ben- efited. The land-grant to the Northern l'aciflc was only 47, 000, 000 actus. —Memphts Avalanche, Tho editor of Tux Tatpuna’s predecossor in 1849-'50 probably did not vppose the I!mois Central's land-grant, which gave the alternate auctions for six miles on cach alde of the line, and then doubled the prica of the Government sectlons, and sol thom rapidly for $2.50 per dere, Whereas proviously they hung heavily on its bunds at 81.25 per acre, It is true that Con- gresa granted tivo and a half snillions of acree to Iliinols rallroad companios; but {t also grant- ed 2,003,240 acres to Missiaatpp! railroads about: the same time,—1860,—uhd 8,570,190 acres to Alabama between 1850 and 1856; to Florida, 2,800,114 acres in 1838; to Loutstana, 1,579,720 acres In 1850; to Arkansas, 4,878,149 In 1853, {In view of those grants (soveral of thom made atthe same session that made the land-grant to the Hnots Central), wo do uot perceive much room for Lower Misslesippl nowspapers: to twit Iilinols on tho alternate sections given her toaidin bullding railroads, nor tho grounds for callivg it "tho greatest of all ratl- road aubsidicas.? The Avalanche polots to the land-grant made to the Northern Pacific in 1864 to build a line through tho wilderness from Lake Superior to Paget Sound, 2,000 miles, But for some reason its memory fallod it at this point to mention the land-grant made to the Texas *Pacitle of 80,000,000 of acres for 1,700 miles. Tue Tripuns ts not opposing the continuance of this euormous land-subsidy to that Southern ine, On the contrary, {t pdvo- cotea an extension of tho time for bulld- {ng tho road and a renewal of the grant to correspond. It insists on givin; the ‘Toxas Pacific ine every ald and orivi- lege accorded to the Northern Paclfe, but uumore, Tus Tumuns objects to giving or loaning bounds, or quarantocing the interest on bonds, to the Northern Pacillc, aud it applies the same rule to the Texas Pacitic, The’ Ava- tauche. 1g clamuring to have the Government fuaranteo the interest fora couple of genera- tous on forty or Atty inillions of Texas Pacific Rullroad bonds, This isa horec of a very adlf- ferent colur,—in fuct, it ts no horse at all, It laa tnule. Lov the dvalanche state the case fairly, and pot futentiovally misrepresent Tax Trip- ung’s position, ae the Loulsville CourterJour- naj dishotiestly persists in dolog, ——a—— Happy thought! Let Congress oust Harzs and pus in Juve Davis, ‘The Prestdent bos something more than two years to serve, aud Jzyv's term of six years had not expired by just about two yeare when the Great Fraud of Appumattox was perpetrated. in this way Javy witli be concillated, Haves will be ousted, and TILDEN won't be pyt in, so that all the objects Of the Democratic leaders will be attained sim- ultancously, Mr. Davie might be further con- ciliatud by @ grout of back-pay at the rate of $50,000 a year wluce April, 1805. _--————— Ex-Gov. Patwes claims that ne has a libel suiton his hands. He insists that Mr. Jauxs K. Magis. professioust ‘flat woncy " faflatiorist, hassued bim. Patan iutends to go before ag, iutolligent jury of peers on'a plea of justifica- twn. He saya: Vhe dégtete, will admi that it bas charged Mr. Janus Mauiz with charglog the State for evrvicgg never «dered, aud thot bo bee takeo money from the State Treasury 10 vi and that ie now distinctly renente that Mr, Fawne KK. Maaie, In hte hi!) against tho State for niasty daya’ ice In the montha of January. Pebrnary, And March, IN78, charged and received nay for day nee he reniered nu aervice ta the State, and in doln¥eo vtolated the Jaw witen provides that tho printer expurt ‘+ ball receive $0 per day for cach day of actital wervice.” For the Mer when ho rendored no ** actual rervice” tothe Btale he war entitled tomo compentation, and yet he ald femanit and recoive $8 for dave when he confessen he rendered no service to the State whatevor. Mt MaAatm charged the State #1 for each uf the twelve or thirteen Sabbaths that happened in the months of January, February, and Merch, 1878, and it fe provacien! at he hss, in tho four years that he he Id the anomalous ofice of **printer expert, cRarged tor many, perhaps ai) the Sundays, 80 that white Christian men ant women were attend- Ing Divine service, and other men were resting from their tolls, he has been groveling over his work, eagae for his paltry $Y. neither ferting God horrerarding man. If he has not worked on all these Sabbatns fur which he has charged. then he hap, in violation of law, charced for any! when none were rendered, Mr, Maaie a fatr and speciy trial of hie sul aucceed In satitfying a Jur wronged by tho Stale Hegister, he stall have prompt and fall reparaiton. The Htate Reauter y yy. thonah it not been served with procs Instructed Ite conneel to offer to Mr. MAuia fan eppearancs and try hie suit at the term of the conrt which commences next Monday. 9 shall that he haa been <a It seoms that,{n fhe distribution of clerkships in Washingtot, Illinois is far. below her quota, She ls entitled to 880 places, and has but 231, being short 159; whereas Marylayd bas 149 places in excess of her quota, ant Maine has 97 too many, and several otlicr’ States are over-provided. The Western States appear to be all short of their proportion under the law. Indiana fs detlelont by 118, lowa by 60, Mich!- gan by 48, and Wisconsin by45, It scoms to us that {t woulda bea proper and pious thing for the Congressmen of those Western States "to Ret up on thelr ears about it, even if the sur- plus clerks of “My Maryland’? and Jat Buatne’s State were discharged. There ts honor, it fs sald, oven among thieves, But there has been neither honor nor fair dealing In the apportionment of the Washington clerk- ships, It {1s about time this thing was corrected. Reform fs necessary. a If the Loulaville Courier-Journat will copy the short article in Tum Tainuns of the Sd inst. explaining {ts position on the Texas Vacific and Northern Pacific Railroads in regard to sub- aldics and correcting the ‘Intentional misstate- mente” of the Cw, Tas THipune will Insert anything in reply which that paper may say. oveupying substantially an equal space. If the C.J. declines this proposition, it will ba taken. for granted that it 1s ashamed to let its readers sec what T1# Trinune’s position is, after its persistent and gross perversions, ee The following Assoclated Press dispatch ap- peared in Tux Tninuxe yeaterday morning: New Yonx, May 0.—The Graphic says it Ja ra- mored on the street that the Conimercial Insnrafice Company of New York, o purcly local organiza> on, Is about to close its doors, The last state: ment, mode Jan. 1, 1878, stato that the capl- tal xe $200, 000, asscts $240,070, and surplus 2,008, The dispatch is probably correct, except that it 1s the Cotnmerea and not the Commerctad Fire-Jneurance Company which {s about to wind up business, ‘tho latter Company Is represent- ed to be ono of the soundest in the country. a Both parties seem agreed that {t is altogether Nkely that the Republicana will clect a majority of Congréssmen this full. That doesn't look much as if President Wares had busted the porty. Tho party lust the Sonate, we believe, when “ Little Binuee"? Cuanven aud Mistah Conxiina wero all-powerful at the White House. ——s Bince the Englian nobility and gontry have taken so generally to amatear farming, and to erecting palaces for thelr lve-stock, tho lon guage has been subjected to some modifications. People do not now aay that a laborer's dirty cottage is not Mt to be pig-stye, but that a former's dirty hog-pen is not At for a laborer to lye tn. a The Democrats, with Clerk Apass to doc- tor the roll of tho House before it meets, and Bpeaker Ranpaut to count out the Republican contestces after it has been organized, regard the fall elections with complacency akin to that of the gambler tho has "four klogy, and an ace tn bis boot.’* ere Tho Columbus, Ga, Enquirer appropriated. verbatim a paragraph from the New York Times, which it reproduced editorially, the only chaure bolog that for “Jxrrenson Davis" was eub- atituted * President Jevvanson Davis.” It's comlng. {tis perhaps just og well—for himeelf—that Mistah Conkuing ahould have decided to make ‘no peradhal explanation about that interview. He could not very well’ open his Olympian mouth without putting bis Apollo foot into It. ————_—— It was the late Witttax Orton who put it in Jacon W. Rerp's power to obtain Hunaca Gneesy's seat. Vorily, verily, he had bis reward, No mention of the fact appearcd in the Tribune's obituary, ~ ——— Many people are wondering why J. Durr Hanperson, of Toronto, has undertaken to walk 25,000 miles in two years, Wo will tell them why. It it becauso be parte bis name in the middle. | The Washlogton Post and sone other papers aro poking allegd fun at Becretary Sonuna be- cause ha isaddicted to green tea, Cold tca bath destroyed many a good tall Democratic statesman, ee Tho Democrat{e House has resolved itaelf Into a“ Republican Congressional Caucus,” for the purpose of deciding upon the means to bo taken to elect a Republican House thls fall. anal soir Our alleged comic contomporaries make a deat of fun of Bevretary Scuunz's legs, but do not impute to him any particular weakovss or eccentricity in bis other extremity, ee Dan Voonusxs should havo 9 potato stuck on bis uozale, or induced to deliver a series of lectures on the curreucy qucstlon to the fnmates ofa deaf and dumb asylum. ———————— Mistah Conxzina anvounces that he will make no reply to Bfinxs' statuments—no cx- Diavation about that tnterview. view was authentic, then! ——— Bay Dovatas got inebri- Uut denles be was tutoxic- | gieg. Aad wants to be renomin- Ly way of belug vindlc- a Tho question among the Washington Reform- era: Will tho Comlng Presldent’s wife drink wine ‘ er Ex-Sonator Simog Cauznon “takes no stock in the President.” Lucky dog, Havas! ————— | PERSONALS, The orthodox Hebrews of London are sald to be much disgusted with tho marriage of Misa Hanneb do Rothachild with Lord Rosebery, and It te added that In the principal synagogues she pas been publicly renounced and cursed, the con: gregation spittingon the floorat the montion of bername, Dr. A. M. Forster, of Georgetown, 8. 0,, hee sent something over sixty ponnde of tes, rateed ig South Caroling, tos Baltimore frm, The favor Japan tes and 8 Moyune China green rm is to have the leaves cured in tho , 8988 to wecure @ falr apecimen of Cardinal Manning seceded from the E; copalian Church soon after the death of his wile, a Mise Wilberforce, thereby losing an excellent chance of becowing Primateof Englend. He is a fascinating talker, has @ ee as thin as boite, and drinks nothing stronger than tea aud weak clarot-and-wates, The death is announced at Paris of the Marquis de Barbentane, aged 68, the intimate (riend of Montalembert, the Count de Falloux, and the other great Cathullc end Legitimist writers. Me was descended from an ancient family of Prov- ence, aud had uearly all his life tu sustsin logsl proceedings agalust some of bis relatives wno claimed bis title, Bo that Intare WASHINGTON, The Electoral Investigators Be. lieved to Have Perfected Their Scheme; And Wilt Launch Their Reson. tion upon the House To-Dny. Opening of the Debate in the Honse - ontho Wood Tariff Bill, A House Bil Framed to Repeal the Tenure-of-OMlca Act, Provisfons of a Bill to Provout the Commi _ Hon of Oastom-Honso Frauds, » THE DISSATISFIED. NORA TALK OF ELECTORAL INVESTIOATION, Snectal Dispatch to The Tribune. Wasmnaton, D. C., May 7.—The Fesolution of investigation Into the Presidential election, Ita atated by a Representative who bas Leet Dromiuent in the matter, is drawn up. The reason assigned for its not haying been tntry. duced before fs the absolute necessity of having the programme reatranged so that there shall de no Democratie opposition when the Motion Ismade, An effort fs making to accure Demo. eratle unity {n favor of investigation. There ara some Democrats who say they will now favor ap investigation which hos for its object the unaeating of Haycs, but that they wit vote for an investigation designed situply for campaign purposes. A prominent. South. ern Democrat of great fnfluenco stnong hfs fotlowors said that the Democratic varty could not afford to put themselves tn tho atti. tude of undertaking primarily by Congresstun- al action to correct RLECTION FRAUDS IN A STATR, It tras for the Stateyt Florida, through its rep. ularly constituted authorities, to tuvestizate and ascertain the facts charged tn the Mel.in nod Dennis confessions, and if the facts asecrt- ed were true the Florida State suthoritics should put MeLin and Dennis in the Pentten. Wary. Then, if Florida should send a memorlal to Congress similar to that of the Maryland Legislature, tt would be competent for Congress toact. It is evident thut a resolution of inves tleation cannot secure the unanimuus support of the Democracy, unless {t 1840 modified asto provide for an investigation without any further object. It is known that some Democrats have been @ IN DIRECT COMMONICATION WiTIt TILDEN, and everything {a now sald to bo arranged to breaunt the resolution to-morrow. The Demo- crats are also sail to have selected Gen. A. 8, Williaing, of Michigan, to offer the resolution, Willan was a Brigadier Union General, and js aman df high standing. Tho’ resolution wll recite the fact simply that frauds were commit. ted in the Florida Returning Uoard, and direct the Juatclary Committacto investizate and send Jor persons and papers, An amncndnent will undoubtedly be offered embracing Louisiana, and the Republicans will tnstst upon Orceun, STRMNGER's RESOLUTION, Springer, of Iilnols, has a resolution whtch he is likely to submit to the House va his own we count if the members of his party do not aup- port him. His resolution fs aaid‘to be general in its character, and embraces all the alleged frauds, and he thinks it will secure the support of alt tha Democrats and many Republicans, If Springer could have secured tho would have mofed to consider it, COL. ZACHAUIB, of Louisiana, who was Democratic counsel for the Returning Board in New Orleans, and who ‘was one of Tilden's counsel oeforo the Invest! gating Committes here, and also caanecl of the Democratie party in Lonialana, arrived here te day.” Ho claims to be on private business, but his friends say that he ts here to waten events leadiug to an investigation uf the Lout- siana count with the tutention of belng a wit- acs. TH REPUBLICAN PRoGRASNE. Speaat te Cincinnatl Anguirer (hen,), Wasuinatoy, May 6.—Iu accordance with the resolutiona agreed upon by the recent cau- cua of Republican Senators, a rcavtution will to offered in the Senate to-morrow that, tue Four- teenth and Fifteenth Amendments tu the Cun stitution having been ratifled by the several Btates, they should be enforced by the Execu- tlyo, It wilt by adopted and sent to the Honse, ifthe House rejects it, a bow! will be rated that the Demucratic House refuses to acknuwl edga tho Constitutional amendments, If the House adopte it, such action will play an Im- portent partin tho prograintna the Radleats pave ayread nron as necessary for offering {t. Stripped of all ctap-trap, the resolution means that the Republicans serve notice un the Demo- crats that they Intend te make a aquare Nght In every Southern district where tho colored yore predominates, Jn thelr calculation of posstilu contingencies the Republican * Congressional Committes have set down to their side of the slate threo districts fn Mtsstyaippl held by tho Democrats, three in North Carolina, and they expect to hold one in Loulsluna, three in South Carulina, and two in Alabama. ‘The resulution means that if thera {8, duriug the canvass, the slightest disturbance {n any of the Southern (istricts which they will contest, Hayes ts to bo asked tu use urmed force, under the specious plea that the amendment cuunot be enforced otherwise. Not only do the Republicans propose thus to make au effort to get the next House, but by all ments they intend to mako a wurm ght to se cure a infority of the State delegations Tho Importance of this fs patent, It muy bo thatthe next Jlouse of Representatives will elect the President of the United Btutes. Jn such an cyent each State would have but one vote, ‘Tho whole umber of yotes cast would be thirty-eight, of which twenty trould be o majority und sufilcient to elect. Ia the present Houso of eprescntuliyes the Republican: 8 emoajority of the delegation in the Stal Maiue, New Hampshire, Vermont, Sassachu setts, Rhode Islunt, Pornaylvaula, New York, Ohio, Indiana, Uinols, Iowa, Wisconain, No- Draska, Michigan, Alinnesota, Kansas, Nevads, and Oregon—iu all, seventeen States. These they clafm they can hold, and count as galus in the'next House Colorado and Culifornla sure, withau even chance of Florida, satiety fu the prescut House, {s ovenly divided, Should their expectations, which are reasouable, pan out, the Republicans wilt have twonty dtatcs, - Bcivnt to cluct & President; and, oven theta the House might be Democratic, ft will thus seen how tt 4s povaitle for the Republicans to olect a Preatdent If Ohta ts redietricted, whiten is anxiously hoped for by the Democrats, It will be almost iaspousible fur the Mepublicas tosccure @ tnajurity in twenty State delexa- tous: but, in that event, they will make o warm fight foro majority ‘of tho yotes in New York, ‘Or course, Independent of this, ed will make a ble effort for a majority of the House, but will pas fo thelr hottest work to wccure enough of the delegations to elves Republicau President {f tue election la thrown (nte the House. THE TARIFF BILL. , OM, BANKS MAMEA-§ PROTECTION SPEECH. | th 9 sApestal Diaatea to Tad Tribune z matory Dj: i, May 7.—UGen- Banks thadi a'two hours' spetth upon the tarllf. It wase strong speech off the protection aide, and contained’ polute of interest to the opponents of protéetion. Banks showed the inconsistency of Bouthern Domocrats, who bave been tntu- ential tu framing this bill, While thoy insisted on the reduction of the tariff on moat of ue protected industries, they propose DY the oe to increase the duty on sagar to « point’ wht ie almost probfoltory. Tne South will have ta meet the polut of inconalavency and atorltay ralsed by Banks in hls speech, and it ig diificu! to ace how they can wake auswer to the anatye of sections) legislation. They propose ie ie duce the duty op tobacco, aud, as a0 ¢q) vas Tent, to. loor to-day be INPOSN AN INCOME TAX. ‘They propose to reduce what 1s called pro- tection on « large class of Northern industrles: while they seck to protect their aericultnre toterests by a levee syatetn, and to protect the augar trade bya probibitory tariff. Jute, ane and far, the products of Kentucky and othe Bouthern states, are also liberally protected by the bill. Banks claimed to bave authority for the statemcut that under the operation of i. Wood pill the revenues of the country will bo (ifthe sari is wot chaoged, the ‘Ircasusy cath instead of clther Potter or Springer, of Iiuols, *. decreased from ‘69,000,000 to $11,500,000, while,