Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 7, 1878, Page 4

4 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, MAY 7, 1878 gress to interfere in this manner with the appointing prerogative, but in the event of & Demoeratic majorily in both Honses of Con. gress tho unconstitntionality of this kind of leglslation wonld be promptly discovered and the law repoaled B ——— e The Tribune, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. MAIL~~IN ADVANCE—FPOSTAGE PARPAID. vear. 81 B The renssembling of the British Parlia. Thoutle Sheet {t!!v 1y [-dition, twel t1- Weekiy, une year. Hartuot & vear, per mont WEER! bring ont a thorough disonssion of the quas. tion of fmporting native froops from India to take the fleld sgninst the Russians in the event of o war, In the Houso of Commons yeaterday tha ball was opened by the Liber. als, and in the conurss of the debate the Government was sharply called to acconnt for what is claimed fo have been an unwarranted strotch of constitutional authority in the movement of the Indisn troops withont the consent of Parifament, 8ir Georar OAuroYLY, formerly Lisutennnt. Governor of Bengal, speaking from personal knowledge, doclgred that soma of the regi- menta of the expeditionary force woro unfit to cope with European soldiers. The pros- pect of a peaceful adjustment of difficnlties with Russinwill not help the matter when the cstimate for the expeuse of . transporting the troops from India comes up for action, but will rather operate unfavorably to the Government as slowing that no oritical necessity existod which conld be urged in Jjustitication of the measuro. The Opposi. tion will undoubtedly mako the most of the opportunity which has been afforded them by Dismarza's daring innovation upon tho rules and practices of civilized nations, One copr, per yes Ciuh of four. .. Rrecimen coptestent ftes. Glre Post-Gltice addresa In fatl, lacladlag Stata sl County. Remitiances maybe made either by draft, expres, Port-Ofice order, or In rextutered lesters, s¢ our ritk. TERMS TO CITY AUBSCRISERS. Deliy, Activered, Bunday eacepted, 25 centa per week. Dalls, delivered, Sunday ineluded, 30 centa Der week. Addrers THE TIUBUNK COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearbor-ata., Chicago, L Orderafor the deliveryof Ti® TRIRUXE at K Eoglewood, and [yde Park lefé In the coundlag: wiilrecelvs promut attention. TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. Trg CnIcA00 TRINUXNE has ertablished branch offices. forthe recaiptof subscrivtions and sdvertisements s follo NEW YORK—Room 29 Tritune Bafiding, F. T. Mo~ Fannes, Mar i3 PARIS, France~Xo, 16 flue de la Granga-Batellere, . ManLkr, Agent. LUNDON, Eog.—Amerlean Exchange, 9 Strsad, Hzxey F. Giiuia, Ages EAN FRANGIECO, TAMUSEMENTS, MeVicker's Theatre. Medtron #treet, between Dearborn snd Btate, 4+ After Dark,” Hoculey's Theatre. Mandolph #freet, between Clark sad LaSalle. ‘Emerson's Minstrels, Thersis ono word moreta basaidabont Sen- stor Cauenon's remarkable eritictam of Civil- Service reform examinations as ** mere tests of memory." Admitting that they are pre- cisoly what he says they aro, in what respect aro they inferior to the presont methods of taking persons into the servico? Theimpli- cation clearly is, that it is lesa dignified and statesmanlike to mako knowledge s condition of ndmission than to make party services tho sole test. DBnt we Are unable to agres to this opinion, Otherthings befng equal, weshould say that & brief inquiry ns toa candidate’s scgunintance with - the rules of composition und arithmetio would be o botter indication of his qualification for a place under Govern- ment tbon o number of certificates of his activity Sn ward meetings and at the polls. In ono case the inquiry might ba: Can you spell correctly, write a legible hand, compute Interest, work out a sum in simple propor- tion, apply chemical tests,—do, in short, what you are hired and paid o do? In the other case the endeavor would bo to find whotber the candidate hiad been useful to the member of Congress who recommended him, whotber he had controifed votes, *stood at tho polls all doy,” or dono effoctive service to the Ring. Senator Caaenox ought to pre- fer tho firat kind of eflicfency to the second. Ho was elscted on the understanding that ho was that kind of a man, JEFF DAVIS AND THE LOST' CAUSE. JurrensoN Davis, the ex-Confedorate Chiet, has broken his loog sllence in a letter written by him and read at the Iaying of the corner-stone of a Confederate monument at Macon, Ga,, & few days ngo. Wo printed the letter yesterday in full, and no one who Lins read it can fail to perceive the malignant batred of our Government, and the detor- wined hostility to the Union, which still characterizes this arch-traitor, even at this long distance from the collapseof the Rebell- fon, and at this timo wheu strenuous efforts Lave been and still are made to reconcile the two sactions, ko that the whole country may have the Llessings of permnnent peace and amity which it so much noeds, It s still more discouraging to note that this rancor- ous exprossion of malice sgainat the North was applanded to the echo, and was indorsed by lendung Bouthern nowspapern as ** one of the grandest letters aver penuecd by human land.” Lot ns look at some of the statemonts of this “grandest latter,” and ses What its son- timents nre that have causod 0 much Bouth- ern panogyric. ‘The letter opons with a declarntion that the monument is to commemorate ** the sacrifices of thous who died in the defense of our inherited and inaliennble rights.” This is the key.nota of the epistle,—the motive upon which he builds up his apothieosis of tha Lost Cause. What are thoso * inhorited and inalionsblo rights"? Whe * inberited right" was bumau slavery, The Sonth never inherited any othor legacy that was not be- quoathed to’ the whole country, Human bondagoe was Landed down (o them by their fathers, and they intended to hand it down to their children, What wers thoir * inker. ited " rights? Theright to own men and womaen, to breed them, to buy and sell them, to chastise, torture, and hunt them with bloodhounds when they sought thelr liberty in the diveotion of the North Btar, to force them back futo their chattel condition whon they had reschied free soll, to take from them the oarnings of thelr toll, to uso them to gratify their Insta and do their work, with uo privilege except that of living,—this ‘waa one of the * inalienablo " rights, and the ather wns to secede from the Union aud break ' up the Government at plessure, If, therafors, this monu. mont is erected to commetnorato the * inher. ited and inalienable rights” of tho Bouth, it is orected to commemorate the right of Blavory and Secession, Upon anch a monn. mont tboro should be chissled in bold reliof the embloms of these rights,~—tho chain, the lash, tho hound, the bludgoeon, and the auction.biock,~and lot it be s mounted by » woman in fettors, or a man with a bloodhound at his thront, so that it may tell the story without mistake; and let the inscription declaro that it was to save theyo that the * Bouth " attempted to destroy tho Amorican Ropublio founded by Wasu. 1xaToN, FuaNunm, Jerreuson, Avaus, Hex. 1Y, nud otber patriots, “Truth,” says Jeve Davis, “*fs not to be measured by success.” T'o what truth docs he refor? Is Slavery o truth? Freedom is truth, Can its opposite be a irath alio? Joux WesLey pronounced Blavery ** the sam of all human villaiutes,” Oan such an mati- tation be the truth? It 5o, then is Liberty a lie eud Humsnity a crime. Jt is this ¢ trath " that this monnmont commemorates, ArexanpeaSTrpuens, the Vice-Presidont of New Chleago Thentrs, ~ Clark street, opposite Sheyman flouse, Enguges ment of J, Z. Little. *‘Roving Jack.™ avorly’s Theatre. Monroe street, corner of Dearbora, Josh Hart's Pane orama of the Chicago Fire, Collsenm. Clark street, opposite new City-Tislt. Vatlety en. tertadament. SOCIETY MEETINGS. APOLLO COMMANDERY, NO. 1. R, T,~ftated Conclave this Ticsday rveaing at 8 o'clock, “Fl sl e, ta of Committeen witl ba dus. Iiallng. T e AR wagh Wetsams. 7 Order of the foatrea 3 Conmsnder, 521 DU LR, Tiecoruer, TUESDAY, MAY 7, 1878. Greonbacks at the New York Btock Ex- change yestorday closed at 993, An unsuccest pt was made in the Housa yesterday to suspend the rnles and pnas the bill for the reduction of the taxon tabaceo. The motion recolved 120 affirmn- tive, againat 115 in tho negative, and failed for lack of a two.thirds mnjority, tho exclusive gold atandard, it hins in fact the double standard in operation. Dr. Epwazp Buess, of Vienna, suthor of the work on “The Future of Gold,” writes to a aorre- spoudent in this cily that the silver tbalors aro still in full circulation 1n Germany as o legal-tonder, although tho coinage of them ligs boon discontinued. Mr, Woop was ussble yesterday to com. mand the support of a majority of the House for the refarence to the Committes on Ways and Means of & resolution designed to shut off all further action on the Tariff bill. The heavy majority againat him,—125 to 18,— and in favor of the referonce of the resolu- tion to the Committee of the Whols, fore. casty the final defeat of the bill in the House! ority fu the Cowmon Council made no attempt last ovening to rescind the notion of the provious meeting by which tho Standing Committecs were uppointed. The Commnittees were approved Ly a vote of 20 to 14, and it s ovident that tho malcontents were unsble to make head- way ogainst 8o dacislve a wajority—which is an oncouraging aign of tho continued preponderauce of the reform element fn the prosent Couneil, The ropori of the Chicago Custom-flouss Commission reached the Troasury Depart- ment yesterday, but the senl will not be broken mor the contents dis- closed until the Becretary roturns from the OaxenoN-SmexsaN wedding nt Cleveland. What the recommendations of the Commission are will not be known for sovernl days; what they should be, in view of tho evidence mado publio from time to timein tho columns of Tus Temune, ov- erybody knows already. "Thenominationof ex-Gov. Pacxan, of Lon- isiaua, to bo Consul st Liverpool ought to bo eativfactory to bis enemics and triends, Tohis cnemics, becausa it will have the effect of tak- inghim out of the country; to hin friends, be- cause ib will provide him with a comfortable asylum from the auxiotios of pulitics in Lou- isinus. Paceano is personally a good sort of mun,—intelligent, vigoruus, and Lonest. Ho i3 certainly competent to discharge the du- ties of Cousul at Liverpool, and the salary— which bay been reduced to $6,000—will not be too much to pay bim for his trouble, The Committes of the Olio Legislature appointed to investigate the charges of bribery and corruption in conneotion with Cinciunati & Honthern Railrond legisla- tion yesterdsy tad QGov, Bismor be- fors them a8 a witness, and aubjeated him 1o o series of vesy pointed interroga- tories coucerning his caroor a8 a milrosd lobbigist, ‘The Gavernor's memory proved (o Le convenlently defective when Lo was bard pressed a3 to vy monoy disbursed Ly biwmself among the membors of the Kentucky Legislature. 1t was tolerably clear from the questions snd answers that a fand of $13,000 was raised for the uses of tho lobby, aud that Gov, Busnor is not disposed fo ransack Lia rucollection very thoroughly in order to tell just Low smuck was paid und who paid it. —— s Aside from the question of encroaching upon the coustitutional prerogatives of tho Tresident by fixing a limitation of any kind, the Benato's management of the soldier clause of the Pension Appropriation bill was 8 decided improvement over that which was inserted by the House. ‘The bill as it went to the [Senate practically efected from clico jou the 1st of July pext a | the Confederacy frowm its orgauization untit large number of Ponslon Agents for | jts sunibilation, in his spoech before the 10 other soason than that they Georgia Secession Conventlon, in 1880, smd: wero ot “disabled or wounded” Union soldiers,~a provision which the House Dem- ouruts duserted to take the carie off their shameful treatment of a *wounded snd dis- abled Union soldier” in the contost over the Doorkeepership, The bill es amended by ‘fhis step [Scccaalon) onco taken csn never be secadted, aud alf the ualetal gad ulmmns~ cuns qucoces that must follow will rest on the Uonven- tion fur al} coming time, Ws will ses out lovely South desulated by the demon of war, which Lhis act of yours will iucvitably juvite aud call forth, , o . Wi reason can you glve to your feliow auf- farars or to b malione of the carth to fusify it} tho Senata provides that the terme of all | aicivat of tho. South by bien ‘ravadedt Wik T3 R4 oL 24 v PATICHE LA the bt Rttt B R R e W AT Pension Agents shall expire ou the 1st dsy uf January, 1879, and thst thereafter only honorubly-discharged wounded or dissbled Univn soldiers, or the widows or dsughters of such soldicry, shall be sppointed. With a Union soldier s Preadent no question s likely to be ruised us to the power of Con. ounded n right and Cuu either of you 1o-day nawne ohg Uovernweutal sct of weung of which the Suath 8 rigot Lo complain? Icballenve the shawer. Wheu we of the bouth demauded Wia alave-1rade, ot tha Inpore istiun of Alricana for the cultivaiion of our lauds, did not the North yleld the right for twenty Joa Wheg we saked three-Afthy represontation Congress for our slaves, was i nob anted by (e Nozih?! When we o4 ustice bas been withheld? mont after the Easter raceas is likely 1o for the sewen of our siaven, oid_we not get the Fugltive Stave Inw at 18501 When we asked thay more tetritory shonid ha ndded that wwe might spren the institation of Kiavery, han not the North yielded to onr demand in giving us Lowsslans, aslsaipol, Florida, Ar. kanmas, Miasourl, and Texas? and out of the it ter they have gnarantaed us the 11aht to carve fane mare Slave Ntates. Let me warn you that by (his nnwive ann Impolitic act of Secessfon yon may fose a1, and ive your fast slave wrenchod from yon by slern miiltary ruls, or by the decrees of nniverssl emancipation which may be ressunably expected to follow your mad act, But the mad nct was passed, and ont the Bouth rushed. Mer, Brrenexs “ followed his Stats,” and wae made Vice-Presilent of the Slaveholders’ Conlederacy. On the 21stof March, 1861, ho delivered, in Bavannah, his famous ‘* corner-stone speech ™ fn explann- tion and vindication of the Confedernte Con. stitution, from which wo mnko this extract < ‘The new Constitution has put at reat farerer all the azitating r‘nmmm relating to one pecailar in- tition—Atrican Slavety as it exinta Amung v, {he nroper status of (he negro In our form of cvil fzstion, This was the immediafe canse of the late rupiure and present revolution, dxrrEntas, in bis forecast, haa anticipated this ** ‘rock ' ubon whith the olif Gnfon wontd spilL.* [fe was right. fugitive *The prevalling ideas enteriained by ‘hlm. and most of the leading statesmen m the \tme of the formation of the wid Canatitu.lon. were (hat (he enslavement of the African seas In viplation nf the Taws of malure: that it was wrong in priticiple, socially, morally, amd pofitically, o . 14 ncw Gorernment is founded npon exactly ino oppo- wie fdea; §is foundatlons ate fald, ita corner atone resta upon the great truth that tho negro ia Dot the ennal of thoiwnite man. in rizhta, That Slaveey--aubordination ta the supetior raco~ia his natural and normal condition, This, our new Qoverymont, 1a the firat_in the fonz history of the world baced npon this great bhysical and moral trath, Thlg stona [Niavers), wiich was rejected by the first tiders, s hecoina the chilef stone of the carnee in oar new edigice," Thesa extracts from two speeches of ths Vico-Prosident of tho Confodoracy—one be- foro Sacession and one after it—aottlo the question as to what causa or provacation the South had for Sccession nud Rebellion, and what the principles and objects were that underlaid the Confederacy, ond in mem- ory of which the monument is built, “ The Confederate soldier,” says Jerren- sox Davis, * couuted all else as dust in the balanes when weighed with honor and daty.” “They know they wers right.” Was it their duty to secodo aud rebel sgalnst the Government? Was it honorable to fight ngainat freedom in behalf of Slavory? The great mass of the rank ond filo of the Confederate armics were nogroless men. They nover ownod aslove andscarcely huped to, and had no iutarest whatever in Blavery. What “duty ” had these poor devils to per- form for the maintenanco of Blavery ? What interest had they in contiuning a system of Luman bondage that dograded Iabor and de- graded them? - Two hundred thousand of those non-slaveholders £l *the un. marked graves* of which Jzrzzasox Davis speaks, fighting for what he calfs * honor and duly,”—tha ** honor of robelling agninat a Government whoso foundntions were Inid by WasmnoToy, Jerrensoy, Apaus, and Fravgrix,—the ¢ houor ” of disruptinga Re. publio whoso corner-stone is Liberty, to found n Confederacy upon the corner-stons of human boudage,—the * daty ” to maintain a syatam in which thoy had no Imterest, in which they never conld have an intorest, and tho continuance of which only sunk them deeper and deeper in degradation, igno- rance, snd poverty. . Ay the lettor draws to fts close the pro. slavery malipnity of tho writer grows bolder ond more intense. * Lot postority learn of this monnment you commemorate men who died in a defeusive war,” A delensive war! Who struck the first blow? Who fired the first shot? Who demanded that Awprusox ahould deliver up his trust ot Bumter? Who fired upon the Massachusetis troops fn Balti. more hastening o the defeuse of the Na- tonal Capital? Who plotted for Becession in 1840, aud who passed articles of Becession while yet a Democratic President was in the White House and n Democratio majority in both branches of Cougress? /Who rent the Charleston Convention asunder, and soat- tered it to dofaat tho eloation of Dovatas and promote the eloction of Livcory, ro that thay could carry ont thelr loag-laid plans of Socession and theforection of a slaveholding oligarchy ? Who *‘fired the Bouthern heart" aud plotted sud orgunized the establishmont of o slavebolding empire on American soi} ? Not even the sublime audacity or the cun- ning sophistry ot Jerressox Davis con make the War for the preservation of tho Union a war of nggression against tho South, The war was declared by the Bouth against the North, and the North took the feld to defend theGovernment of the whole couatry, and to maintain the perpetuity of the Republie. In that strugglo the ®outh was re. storod to the Unlon and the bro. ken circlo was made whole again, Ilsd it not been, even then the Houthern Confoderacy could have never survived. By its own central principle of the right of Be. cossion it would have split into sixteen sop- arate petty oligarchies, jangling and warring against each otber, the end of which wounld hnve been chaos, Tho Jast sentenco of this lattor is tho wicked wish of n bofied traitor: “Iy it unreasonable to hope that matare tefloction aud o closer study of the political history of the Union may yet re. &tora tha rights prostrated by the passions developed in our Jong and bloody war?” No “rights " were prostrated but those of Slav. ary and Becosslon, Thuy can never b re. stored except at the cost of a longer and bloodier war than the War of the Rebellion, ‘When the North has no mora men to fght and no more monay to spend, thisexpecta- tion ot Jzrrznsox Davia may be realized. Meanwbila hix letter cau kave but one eflact upon man who are true to their Government, —t0 cousa’ them to regrot the mlilaken lenionoy of that Government in desling with tlo boss traitor, HOW CAN TILDEN SUFFLANT HAYZS) Wa are uot prepared to put much faith in the statement that wise counsels were likely (o pravail upon the Democratic politicians not to reopen the Presidential controversy. Democratio politicians are not in the habit of listening to wise counsels, Ifence it fa uot surprising to Jearn that the Democrats on the House Judiclary Committee, with tho aid of Bxy Burwzs, propose to spring the question upon the Honse without notification 1o the Ropublican mombers, and acquire suthority to proceed with an ez-paris investi- gotion of thu alleged Flovida frauds, It may ba that the Democrats will include Louisiana of their awn niotion, and certainly the Lta- publicans ought to demand that any investi. gation pointing to the validity of Haxes' election shialt include Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, and Oregon as well as Flori Buch an {nveatigation, if intended to be thorough and impartial, must go behind the Returning Boards uad expose the frauds on the ballot-box committed in the Bouthern Btates by intimidation and violence, aud the TiLoey couspiracy to purchase the Electoral vote of Orcgon. If the Demo- craty refusa to extend the investigation 5o ss to embraco all these States, then their pur pose of smirching the Hepublicans and ju. validsting M. Haxes' titlo will miscarry, for they cannot command the respect of the country, If they consent to go fully into the 1nerits of the caue, then they will enter uponl an investigetion likely to consume sovera tontha or years, sure (o vatil an euvrmous expense, and more apt to result in disgrace to the Democrats then in dotrimont to the Iepublicans. Thera seemn to bo a general misapprohen. aion aa to what may bo accomplished by such an investigation aa it is proposed to hold. 1f there sball bo simply sn investigation, then {he only result will ba to epread wpon the records tha roports of a majority and a mi. nority of the Committes, which will be de. liated {n Congress, and leava the publie to judgo of the relative merita of the o oppo- site conclusions, wita n spocinl rvefor- enge fo the noxt Presidontial election. 'The Demacrats, and particularly the Titnex faction, undonbtedly, look to o demonstration of Republionn frauds in thoe 1ast election to nssist them in electing their President in 1880 ; indecd, they aro so intent upon tho effort to secure this domonstration a4 to indicato that thoy are doubtful of snc. coss without it, NMr. Trroex's frionds bo- liove that, i¢ the American peaple can be convinced he was swindled out of tha eloe. tion in 187G, it will be an ensy malter to securs & sooond notniuation for him, and that they can thon elect him becausa he had previously Losn defrauded of his rights. Bat such n domonstration will be beset with more diffcultles than thoy supposs. No ex-parte inventigntion can ever attain it, and a full investigation may have a very differ. ent result from what thoy expect. Florida rascality, 1f thero has been any, would be offset by the attempted theft of the Oregon vote under tho direction of TiLpEy ngents, The action of the Louisiana Returning Board would be fully justified not mercly by the law under which they sctod, but by tho events of the campaign, whick wonid roven! a full warrant for their decision. This would leave the Democratic finuds of Missis- sippi and Alabams, and peobably of South Carolina and North Carolina, standing agninst the Democrate, and counting against them in tho nett Presidential strugple. 1t it s the purpose of the Democrals to carry tho matter boyond a Congressional investigation with the purpose of Lrosking down the presont Administration, it is an egregious error to assumo that Mr, Hares can Lo removed or Br. Truoex fnstalled in offica by Congressional resolution, 'The general term of clection includes the count- fug of thevotes and declaration of the result. Alr. ¥axzs ocoupios the Presidontial chair by rcason and in pursuauce of those clroum. stoncos. Tho voteswera connted na directed by Congroas and in conformauce with the constitutional provisions. Mr. Iayes was declared Prosident and Mr, Waeel. zn Vice-President for tho constitu. tional term of four yenrs. This part of the cloction connot now be undone; the Con. gross canuot now declare that Mossrs, Hares snd Waerres were not cleoted, nor can any other powor in the nation. In order to reach the Presidential ofice before the ex- piration of the presont term, the Domocrats ‘must achieve the removal of both Hases and ‘Wugeres, and this can ouly be dons by im- peachment and trisl. .**The Prosident, Vice- President, and all clvil officers of the United States shall be removed from offico on im- poachment for, and couviction of, tresson, bribery, and other high crimes and mis- domeanors,” is the langungs of the Constitu. tion. Tho United Btates Henato has tha solo power of trial, **and no person shall bo con- victod without tho concurrence of two-ihirds of tho menbors prosent." In order to get rid of both Mr, Hares and Mr. Wizeren, it will ba nocessary for the House of Repre- sentatives to impesch both, and to convince two-thirds of the Senats that both conspired 1o obfain thefr respective ofiices by fraud. 1t will not be enough at thislate day to show that thera wos fraud, but also that thesa gontlemen wore parties to it, or at least had guilty cognizancs of it. But suppose the Democrats can succeed in doing all this (which everybody will admit to b¥ axceedingly doubtful), Mr, TrLoey will then bo as far from ibo Preaidential chalr ns lig is now. Both offices of President and Vico-President belug vacant, the law re. qnires thot the Presldent of tho Senate shall act a8 President for the time being, or, it no presiding officer has boen eleoted by tho Sea. ate, then this ‘duty dovolves upon the Bpenker of the House, It becomes the duty ot tha Bocretary of State to notify the Gov. ernors of all the States that tho iwo offices era vacant, and that tho States must np- point Electors within the thirty.four daya preceding the first Wednesday in Docembor noxt succeeding, unless there shall be an in. torim of less than two wonths between tho notiflcation aud the first Wednesday in Da- comber. In every case, however, thero must be a goeuoral Presidentiol elec- tion except whon the vacanoy has less than one year to. run. This wil) bo tha necessary result of any romoval of both Presidont and Vice-Prosident, Itls folly to talk of tha Youse elccting the Prosi- dent, na if there lad boon no election ; thers was an eloction, the votes were counted, and Hares waa declared eleoted by Congress. ‘Theve {4 no authority or lawful process for now declaring, in the faco of that fact, that there was nosblcellnn + the House, therefors, would have no more authority for electing o President to sucosed ' I{axes than any other body of men would bave who might volun. tarily band togetlier for that uulawful pur- pose. Those people who prosume that 1aves can be removed or TiLoex installed by mere Congrassional investigation do not koow what they are talking about; and, if the Democrats of the country properly under- stood how Iarge & contract the Domooratis Cougressional majority will take on its hands i1 it shall endeavor to substitute Tuoex for Hayza now, the proposcdinvestigation would bo the most uppopular movement the Hemo- cratio party could inaugurate. e ———— THE MINNEAPOLIS DISAATER. The careful student of history need not be reminded that nparly every ous of what are comuouly denomiuated *‘the great discav. etics of scienca " owed much moro to acci- dont than to any wise foretbought or scien- tific inquiry on the part of tho investigators, All school-boys know full well that Bir Liaao Newrox is traditionally credited with first having the theory of the law of gravitation suggested to him by seelug an apple fall to tha ground, and the boiling of a tea-kettle was to the juventive mind of Warr the premonitory hiut of what the world now sees of the won. derful possibilities of steam, A thousand instances might bo cited where the paticut chemist has made the mpost astounding dis- coveries 1n the realm of beeult nature, whilo quiotly pursuing bhis invostigations i the socrecy of his laboratory,—discoverles that were purely accidental, snd s remote from the real purpose of his suslysis au auything could well be. The process of utilizing rub- bor under the Goopysas patents, which i now employed in the production of thou. sandy of differest articles in domestio use, was found out by what is popularly called “luck,” and the effect produced was entirely contrary to that saticipated by the ewperi- menter. As in the domain of scieuce, sa in the fisld of invention,—much ot the labor. saving machinery that naw "lesses maokind and litta the drudgery of mannal toil from the over-iurdened shoulders of men and ‘women, {s the result of an ides canght ap incidontally by something quits foreign at first from the direct object fn view, It ‘would bo ensy enongh to 8Il a column with the recital of the faots going to prove the truth of what we are enylog; but the bara nssortion that it is so will be safMeleat to rugpost numerous similar inatances to the mind of the {ntelligent render, So, too, such n frightful accident as that which fell upon the City of Minneapolis last week, re. suffing in an immense destruction of prop- erty and a ferriblp loss of life, aught €9, sud no donbt will, suggest to some rcientifio mind tha causa of tho disaster, nud, that being necortained, the means of preventing a recurronca of tho samo will be readily pro. vided. : ‘When the eatastropho was first atncunzed, nnd itsoriginlooked after, it was thought that n steam-boiler had exploded ; but the boller wras found to have boen innocentof such nnparalleled bavos. The destruslion twas quite beyond tho capabilitics of steam, and #t was suggested thot s carload of nitro. glycerime had exploded nenr the bigmill ond enused thodestrnation. But this theory proved to bo falss, also, The real cause must be sought for elsowhere. Everybody said at first that flouring-mills never Llow up; but, as is generally tho case, everybody was mistaken. Everybody possesses the Tare faculty of fargetling everything that happens, even to so common a thing as the state of the wonthor, Certaln porsons do romember that flonring-mills have oocasion. ally indulged in an oxplosion similar to the ono just witnessed at 3Minnoapolis. A faw yoars agoa mill in Milwaukee * bnrsted™ in the same way, nnd went out like the fiame of n woil-snuffod candle, Experionced millors soratclied tholr honds, and wondersd what was the mattor, MMoro recently some of tho bost mills in France and Gerinany have suddeuly collapsod in the same manner. Indoed, it aeema that only the boat mills aro liable to throw n double summersault back- warda and go ontof sight in & chariat of fire, like Erizant of old. But the scientific men in Europo liave bean looking earnestly aftor tho cause, ud trying to suggost a prevents. tive, When they ara cortaln in regard to the former, they will onsily find the latter. Both are no doubt within oasy ronch of scientific faquiry, though they may como upon us by reflox action. Investigatora have found that graln ground to an impalpable powder generates a Lighly inflammable and explosive gas under certain conditions, and to somo such cnuso tho torrible disaster at Mlivneapolis In tracenblo, nsis now supposed. DBut that is mere conjectare, That suppasi- tion, however, would be greatlystrangthaned it we knew that the big Wasanunx mill in which the explosion took place was badly ventilated, and that at the time of the do- plorabls casualty the windows nud doors wera all tightly closed, leav. ing the immonse budding like a huge balloon filled with an inflammablo gas that the light of a candla or the spark from o cogwheel might explods. If this be the true theory, theu the chemist has, in n solid form bofore him, the material for his investigatfons, and a brosd hfnt towards the solutlon of the difflcult and important problem. The grimo, smut, dust, aud other foreign materials that find thefr way into tho flonning-mills will form the base of his oxperiments, and, by tracing their combina- tioua nccording to tho chemienl law of defi nito and multiple praportions, he may be ablo to discover tha causa of a disnster that ruined 81,000,000 worth of valuable prop. eorty fu almoat the twinkling of an eye, aund a3 suddenly ended the earthly caraser of aighteen industrious citizens. Bat it may bo found that snother powerful agont suddonly entored tha arena nt tho critical moment aud played a prominent part in this horrible tragedy. It fa podsiblo that eleotricity Is to o charged with a consplenous share {n {his couspiracy of Nature’s mightiest elements which ended ina frightful waturnalia of do- struction, devostation, and denth, THE LEOALITY OF THE CITY ECRIP, The war upon the city credit o long pros- ocuted ;by the Chicage Z¥mes hes now waried 80 far a8 o become pervonal deuun. ointion of Judge Witstams, who dalivered the recent opinion of the Ciroult Judges, The declslon woa equally the judgment of Judgae Maodrutater, Roazns, aud Hoord, and substautially afiems the judgment nnd oplu. fon rendered by Judge MoAtvnisren two yonrs ago, Blarcover the Uourt but repests tho law ns statod by Judge Ditrown, of the United Statos Court, as esplained and quali. fled by the Suprowte Quure of this Stute in the Bpringfield cnsa, The facta of the case ara fow and plain. It is couceded that the City Government can- nat lawfully, under the deolsions of the Su. preme Court, isaue any bond, promissory note, or other ovidenos of debt, sv long as thy oxisting debt of the city s in excess of tho constilutionn! limitation, That polut, theretore, is no longer in the questiou, The Goavernment of the city is charged with the administration of the laws, the presecvation of peace and order, the protection of prop. erty, tho care of publio health, the sapport of schools, the lighting, vepairs, and clean. ing of streets, tho malutonauca of bridges and tunnels, the supply of water, aud the performance of all the duties pertaining to thess speclal oquirenonts, This costs money, luvolviog the expenditurs of large sums to pay for sorvices and for materials rondered, The clty mnakes by law an annual appropriation of money for thoso purposes, aud levies a tax upon the taxable property within the city to raise the revenus to meot those appropriations, All this is concedod to bo proper and legal. When the City Government shall, in the forms and terms of law, mako thu appropria. tious for the support of the various branches of the city service for the year, and sall have fevied a tax therofor, tha tax-levy from that moment becomea & subatautial proporty, It is bylawafirst lien on all the taxably property in the city,~afirst lien taking priority over all fudgments, exocutions, and mortgagea; & hen that 8o attaches to the property that it cau ouly be relieved by pay. teut. It is nchoss in action, which may be assigned 4 logally as “any other form of property not reduced to possession. A promissory note or a bond may be assigned without recourss, and a lien on property, a right to collect and receive a fixed sum for taxes, may be assigned by tle holder as resd. ily and as logally as any other right, claim, or demand for payment either of a flxed sum or even of A claim for dsmsges. ‘The Qity of Chicago, the taxes for 1878 not yet belog dus or collectabls, has offered in pay- ment of services snd materials furaished an order an the City Treasnry assiguing to the holder & certain sum of {ts claim on the proceeds of particular part of the tax-levy. Is thoe jssue of such an ordor or assignment tha crontion of a debt? Tha tag-lavy is not n debt dug by the city ; it is proporty owned by the city, though not reduced to postes- sion. The approprintions and the tax-lavy boing legal, the tax-lavy—tho logal claim and domand by the oity for the sum stated from the property onumeratod—is Jegally one of the nesots of the city as much so Ay Any other proporty it ean clalm. If the tax-levy of the city is not adebt owing by the city, but {s a fegal right, ofaim, demand, and Tien ngaioat the property enumerated for tha sums spocific and aggregate namoed in the Tavy, what rule {s there in law or oquity which reatraina or probibits the city from sssigning, for n proper consideration, a por- tion or tho whole of that right, claim, de- mand, or Men and {he assignes accepting the eamo without suy recourss upon the assignor 7 Munfcipal taxes ars lavied on prop. erly, and not ngainst individnala; tases attach to the property, whether thers be n known owner ov not. The assignment by the city of ite claim for euch taxes to a man not owniug any properly wonld have tho ssme farca {n law as if the assignment was made fo an owner of taxod property, Now, what is the city serip? It aimply ro. ciles (hat corlain appropriations have been made, aud & lovy of iaxes to produce reve. nno to moot those appropriations hins slso been mado; that thoso {axes will Lo legally payable after Jan, 1, 1870 ; and that for o valnable consideration $100 of tho taxes lovied for paying the oxpensos of the Firo Department is nssigned to A B, payable on preasntation at the City Troisury ont of the revanua for that Dopartment when collected. Tho nssignoa takes this assignment of rev. onue, and thenceforward Jooks exolusively to the ity Treasuror for payment of thnt or- dor, or to tho Colloctor of Taxes for » credit for that sam {n payment of taxes, Is that creating & debt by tho city any moro than tho pasigoment of the 5,000 clalms agninst the savings banks, payable out af the nasets of thosa banka, wonld bo the creation of as many debts by the prosent holdera of those clalms? Bat it ia claimod that the logal diffonlty begina defore tho lsno of the scrip. That it isnot legnl to nssign tho revenue of the Fire Department to pay for the sorvices of o firoman rendered beforo thoe nssignment was oxocuted, because the city had no power **to becomo Indebted in any mnaner for any purpgse,” and therefare the sum dno to the firoman was a debt illegally. fncurred, and au nssignmont of the rovenue in satisfaction of an illegnl indebtedness is of necessity void. Unfortunately for thla proposition it is too comprohensive, It proves too much, If the City Treasury woro full of money, the same question would arise. At thaend of each month the city would be indebted to tho firemau just tho same, nnd the debt bo just os illegal, and paymont in money would bo a8 much the paymont of an illogal debt os f tho payment were mpde by an assigument of revenne, Al tho ond of evory day, the city **has become indebt- ed” to its lnborers for that day's work, This indebtodness is as illegnl ns it it wore for n month's Isbor. The labor having boen per. formed, the debt is complete. How can the loality of this indebtedness bo affected, whother it is pald by money or Ly an order on tho noxt toxes? Inboth cases pyment is accopted. If the legalily of the payment fa affected by tho fact that the service is ron. dered ond a dobb oreatod before paymont, thon tho illegality of thu debl {s ¢ absolute nnd the payment s a3 illegal, whother the creditor is psid iu groenbacks or with s Treasury order. The constitational prohibition roads, ¢ No city shall bo allowed to become indebted in any mnaner or for any purpose.” Literally, this prohibits indobtedness for a day, as woll 1 for a weok, n month, or o yoar, ‘Tho Con. atitution dozs not add any excoption such as “‘unloss theore be money in the Treasury." 1tis, aais clumed, & psremptory ond absolute prohibition of * becoming indobted fn any manuer or for any purpose,” ‘To comply with this requirowoent literally will demand that the city alall pay sl ita oflicers every Monday morning in adeance for their setvices; shall pay for its conl, {ts Inmber, and its horao feed in advance; nnd, to aveld **becoming indebted,” shall pay its halt.yearly iuterest in advanco; and yat, oven if payment in advanco wera required, thore s nothing in the Canatitution, or statutes, or the general law, toprohibit or render illegal the payment in advance i orders on tho I'reasnry usfigu- ing withiout roconzse tho right, claim, and property of the city in the tax-levy, THE TRIPLE ALLIANCE IN 1670, * The revolations madoe by P'rince NarorLzoxn of the secret ncgotfations for u triple al- linuce botwoen France, Austrin, aud Italy, just befory tha breaking-out of the war with Germuuny, bave calied forth a roview nrtisle by the Duke do Gramoxt, Louis Naro- rxon's Minister of Foreign Alfairs, ‘The Duko 1nuintuins that the fuilure of the treaty wis ot dus to u differeuge of opiuion in re- gard Lo the Papal Htates, but to the unex- pocted wvurly successcs of Uermany In the field. ¢ 1u wau with victory still more than with France,” lie says, * that Italy and Ans. tria duesired an alfisuce,” Lhis is no donbt true, but 18 not the whole truth. The quar. rel was oue which Italy nud Austria would bo cowpelled to svo to a snccessful fusue aftor they hud enterod upon it, "I'boy wera not (o o condition to Leur the consequeuces of defeat, Thuy wors only protecting thew. solves, therefore, by waitiug until the first battles of thy war had boen fought, ‘They naturally desircd su allisuco with vietory, as wo suppose every Government doos when it makes an alliauce ; but, beyona this, thoy wore under uo greater obligations to Frauce then France was to thew, Tho chorge of Priuce Narorzox which the Duke de Grasanr takes particular pains fo controvert is ihat the clorical inflyence was justrumontal ju breuking up the alii. ance. Thiy is no doubt strictly withiu the facts, It would have boon very stravge if the clerical influence had not been thrown agalost the allinuce, siuce onmo jmportant condition of it wus tho ovacuation of Papal territory by the French, 'T'he clerical party saw that this meaut ovoutually the ocoupa. tion of Roww by Vioror Bsaanurn. Wheth. or it should take place st the breakinug-out of war, orat tho couclusion of peace, was jmuaterial to them. Boouer or later it was' bouud tv come becausa it way the price of the aasistance of Italy which ¥Frauce was compelled to pay. France might have in- sistod for appearance xuko on delaying it for 8 fow years or wouths; but she could not restore ber forces after having witbdrawn them, ‘Fhe Italy that would be menaced and Sugulted by suchanact wouldno Jongerbe the feeble Kingdum that had consented to the usurpation of 1864, but Italy free, erect, and independent, Laving resources to defend her »0il sgainst avy forelyn invader, This belng the wotive of the clericals in France tobrouk the alliance, aud their jufluence with Touls Narorxoy being practivally supremo, it cau rearcaly be doubtad that Prince Narorroyt version of the facts 1 correct. Thoir infta. enco only proceeded, it is trne, to the ulen; of holding back the Emperor from thg most, unconditional sursender of the Papnt Siny,, bt this partinl rejoction of the Nialian term, was nuite sufliclent to prodacs the hc\iinhm: on tho other aide which reaulted jn thy final dofeats of the French and the connequang ruptare of the allinnco. If the Emperor had gronted all that Italy asked, he would hayy had that Power with him, and Austriy also, at the opening of the eampaign. ! Thero is one other ‘polnt of vigw from which this nllinace, now for tho fim tiy, proved, is an foteresting study, It jg fresly evidenco of the short memories of Goverp. menta, Austrls and Italy had good reasgny not to congont to such an nllinnco againy Germany, Austria becauss - she hnd Badows and Solferino to rernemboer, and the Succany of Italiau diplomnoy snd foreign blliancey agninst her peacs and power to Tovongs; Italy becauso sho owed Germanyn dely o} gratitude for Venice and for materia) ansist. ance throughout her struggle with the Uiy, montaucs, That Italy should have joineg France, which robbed her of Niceand Savoy, to fight Germany, which gave hor Venics, 1: - only cumulative ovidenco that Kingdoms, no less than Republics, aro nngrateful, ‘The Communistio Soctoty in Cinvinnat, Which belfeyes that builets aremoro effective thap bl lots,” was organized under pecullar cfrenm. stances, ‘The Znquirer states that severa) months ago a momber ol the Saclallst party af. tended amectioz of men ol his own onjer of restlesances, and prooosed that, as they were unable to nccomplish their ends by balld, they should resort to more vinlent means, ang arm In cntorcement of thelr peculiar doctrines, This was votod down by Lhe wiser and more conses. vative heads, but tha result was thot the mover of thia resolution, foliowed by » conslderab)s number of his adherents, procecded to organize in the propused manuer, and now had fu hyy single company sbout seventy-fivo men, Theyg men meet every Sunday, at 8 hall on Ningh street, for practice and driil, and are becoming very clilclent in the uae of arms. They hays full uniforma of gray, military hats, with green cockades, Springfleld riffes, and breech-loadery, The Jeaders aflirm that thoy are drilliug for ‘*tlie fun of It.” Poor fools; when thev make thelr attackon the city they will bo suddenly suuffed out and pesforated. Tho Republicans of Indiana are warking upa good deal of enthusfasin for the comlug carm. palen, and are united In a determination to carry the State and sccure a majority In the Legislature, in order torid themselves of 1o disgraco of Voonnxes in the Senate. Gen, HanutsoN Is Jooked upan as the natural leader ot tha party, and is expected to be chosen to preside at {te Nomioating Conventlon, A curfous bhase of tha canvass Is, that, whils thy Repubifcans aro as devoted o8 ever thes were to tha party, there Is scarcely @ mention beard of the Prosidest or his policy. — o ———— PERSONALS. Lachrymasa plaga ace now profeasionally known tn England as **two handkerchief pleces,” Emile Ollivier has written and will pub. $lal {n o faw daya & now book on **Tho Council of tho Vatican, " King Alfonsa's grandmothor, Queon M Christina of 8pain, fell down stajrs two woek, #ud broke Por thigh-bono, Chio! Justico Moss, of Ontarlo, la Presl dent of the Lawyers' Cricket Club ol Totonto, nd one of the best players in is eloven, The great old-time tonor, Duprez, resp. ‘poarcd on the stage of the Porte St. Martin, Parls, on tho 25th uit., to sing at the bunetit of the vete. ran actor, Perrin, ‘The bontification of Pio Nono hns been doclded wpom, and the Cardinal-Viear, Mgt Aonaco La Vaiotta, has heen commigsionsd to col- Ject fustances of tho late Ponti's salesiv vlrues, The Bherman girls, thoss of all brauckes of the family, **all love thelr hosbandsanlare 2004 couks™; as & natural consuguuace, tavy are being marcied off rapldly to Uenarals and Senators, Tho Incaraation of Vishuu and head 8hi- vaiteof the Terpla of Juggeensut, the Rajaof Poaree, has been sentonced to transportation for 1ifo by the Dritlen authonities for turturing a man 0 dealh. Lord Beaconsfiold is constantly being plcked up by Engllsh critics. By way of nojuting 8 charzo of lunacy against his opnonests the Premler used, as o quotation from llorace, ** Nave fget ad Aoticyram,” which is an offense aiiks sguinst accuracy, prosody, and grammar. ‘The veteran aud srroprossible conspirator, Blanqut, Is ouce more & candidate for the French Anaowdly, the constituency which has invited the eandidacy of the prisionce of Ctairvaux belnz pejthier Parls nor Lyons, bus the rural one of Isle sur Sorgues, near Avigoon. Nine Onrdinals oppeased nmong the tax- Sahters of Roms thie year, thelr objection belag to staxon thelr carrtuges, They did not iuske say complaint abont tbe duty levied on the landans thuy uso dally, batas their gilded, Jumberingold alate-voaches have boen lacked up aluce 1870, and oo uu fonger usud fn publlc processiuns, fhelr Eulusaces objected to bavipg to pay laxes on thow. ‘The Tax-Commistioners have sdvised tho Uuvernniont to exempt property of this class from taastiva, ‘Ihere is no truth in the report, froquently chrculated, that the **Princo Imporial ™ of France uassuplied o the Republican ovorament for leave tw vislt France during the Exposition and that it bad beon refuved 1o him, Binco the sbroga tho Law of Exilu In 1871, tho **Prince In- ud the Count wo Chambord aro at liberty Fraote ut any womoent, and (o sumsia thera ax long as they plensv, 30 long s they con forns with it lsws, ‘Tha Count de Chambord s vislted Fran varal timos alnce the repeal of the stulute 14 question, Col, Guisoppe Grioll commanded the Fil- ty-uluth Reximent of Jtallan Inlantry on the cccas alon of tho lust Visib of the Emperor of Austristo King Victer Emmanual, that regiment belng deaige nated as the visitink monarch’s guard of hanur. ‘The Kmperor seat Uol, Grloll the Cross of ibe Otder of Fraucls Juseph, In souventr of the visil, & docoration whlch the Colonel could not refuse st the thne, sccording to his venss of wilifary discl- uline. e has, Luwever, sa hia first act on becom- Ing eusitled to resize from active service, returaed he cruse, tho Foasun bolug that he and his beother wete amang the lallan pstriots acntenced to death atTelaro in 1852 [ls brother was stiot in the Josss; he, mote fortauste, ‘cscaped, and thluke 18 u0t 84140g 10 accept » decoration from iba Gov- esument which slow hie brother, "The London World tells a story of a Rou. mauian barber {n London who loudly bossted 1oa customer thut **4¢ you scratched 8 Roumanian youwould fad 8 trus Homsn;" and thereupon sncera at tho fierce littte son of Moldo-Wallachla, because thia repreaentaiive of the brava Latln rice Larely exceeded ive feot in his shoes, 1fle ances- traloplit,” f¢ continues, *’coptsasted strangely with his phyalque." Yey surtly oue London name sake oughit o kuow that tho *‘brave Latinrace was espocially romarkable for its law stature. The couquerors of the world wera of the bulld of Dastd notot Goliath. Moman skolstons, aea rule, much shorter than Gaalleh or derman skeleto aad, on the friczcs sud tablots of the Homsn st wuphal arches, the contrase betwaen tho KIGAVIS batbarisn captives snd thelr low-statured caylord is wost remarkable. ~New York Wortd, The King of Denmark §s an smisble and Judiclous sovereign. A poor woman, the wife of & Iaburer, past 60, observiag, & few moutns 830 thitca colldron who bad fallen through the fco o8 1ake, rusbod fnto the water, sud, st the jmminest pesii of her own Nfe, reacned the chitdron, Tho King decined shat this sct of bravery should sot pass ugrewarded. The poor womsn wae seat up 10 town from the country; 8 room was preparsd for ber In the Royat palace, whery ste stared & couple of daya tunea Lhe sights of Cap-gblltm aud she received from the hands of tve Kiog Q: the prgaence of the Boya) famlly, the Medal an Bivbon for clvil acts of bravery,~being the 8rst eamark who hes fecelved ibis bonor. On o ning 1he King bad sccured places (o€ Bersud her famlly in the Royal Thestre, where ahio wie this vbacived of sll odesvert Lid