Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 6, 1878, Page 9

LITERATURE. 6hina-—-The Laws, Manners, and Customs of the People. Handbook of Arizona---8erib- per’s Monthly --- The Forces of Nature. Actors andl Acting---Art and Lit- erary Gossip--Chincse Sports---Edmund Ican. Snake = Poison <=~ Flora Round About Chicago + The Wal- put Family=--Bush- men Drawings. Game-Birds of the Chicago Market, with an Appendix on Mammals, ' LITERATURE. CHINA. # 7 TiR LAWS, MAXXERS, AND & ““:‘:’:’;‘ 'é:m-. Ny Jonx Hexnr ., Archdeacon of Hongkong, crll,ls;\n;« or sy Gnar, M. A,y LL. WiLLiAyt Gow Gnxoor, In Two Vol- E#\lz‘:d b\'l‘m‘ha Illustrations, London: Mac- milian & Co. _Chicago: Jansen, McClurg & Co. #vo.. pp. 407-074, Price, $10. The vast Empire of Chioa contains an arca of upward of 1,000,000 square miles, It has asca- board 2,500 miles n length, and the bays and estuaries Indenting its coast are set with fnnu- merable fslands. The Empire is divided into eighteen provinces, and thic provinces aro subuli- vided into departments, countles, and poos. The poo embraces within fts conflnes several towns and villazes; the county jucludes a num- ber of poos; aod the department, o number of counties. Tha capital of each oo Is a market- town, and the capitals of cach county and de- partment are walled cltics, Of these walled cittes in tho elghteon provinces of China, thero sre more thau 4,000,—Pckin belng the chief of themall, and the seat of tho Central Govern- ment. The cities ranking next to Pekin fn im- portanco—and superfor to it iu many respocts— are NanklIn, Boo-chiow, Haug-cliow, aud Canton, The walls surrounding the capltal cities are from Ofty to sixty fect higl, and frequently have a width nllowing two carrlages to travel abreast. They aro castellated, and provided with watchtowers and barracks for the accom- modation of troops, and with varlous enginery of warfare. Large folding gates of preat strength, further sccurcd by massive funcr rates, open on tho four sides of thoe walls. The fate in the south wall is regarded with especlal honor, and 13 tho entranco used by all ofliclale, whilo everything hold to be unclean 1s prohibit- «ed from passing It. 'Tho south gate in the wall of Pekin 1s seldom opened, except for tho pass- ago of tha Emperor. ‘Iho shiops ranzing nlong the strects of the citfes are built of brick, and are usually entire- Ty open in front. Gayly-palnted sign-boards and lanterna of miyriad {orms, suspended from the ro0f and sldes, pive these busincss-places an extcemely cheerful appearance. The shops are generally contined to cestain quarters of the town, and those belungivg to each branch ot irade are asscmbled togethor, They are never used as reafdences by their owncrs, whose homes aroeftuated o more rotired locatious. 'The atreets oceitpled by the dwellingg of tho hetter classes aro well bullt,—the majorlsy of the Louses being of one story, and Jarge and spa- cious, Tha walls facing thc highway aro with- out windows, and are penetrated by broad fold- fug-doors. No fire-pluces are found fn a Chineso dwelling; and, In coot weather,comfort Is sceured by additional clothing, or by the heat of chare coal burning in portable vesscls. Monumental - arches, butit of Lrick, marble, sandstone, or eranite, I commemoration of the decds of emf- nent men and women, adurn tho streets and squares of the principal cities. ‘The measures ndopted for protection sgainst fire are quite eflective,—wells betog sunk fn the strevts, and tuba or cisterns full of water kept standing In varfous parts of the clty. Theroarce fre brigades, provided with engines, water- buckets, and lauterus, in tho princloal towns, wud, when called Into service, the firomen act with akiil, promptness, and cournge. Careless- Dess {n the use of fire is severely punished, and Whoever causes o conflogration, with or without }z.l;me. {a subjected to tne harsh rigors of thc These partleulcys concerniog anirterestingand exclusive peopls are taken from the Introdue- tory ¢havter of u voluminous history of the character snd wanners of tho Chincse, write ten by one who lhas dwelt for many years swong them, The work {8 methodical In ar- ;’l(lkl'uu.'nl, and dreumstaniial in dotail, and af- urds n larve anount of valuable {nfurwation relating 10 o raco of whowm os yeu the eivilized world hias heard, in the malu, coullicting aud su- perficial accounts. Within o recout. period this cuuntry Las been opened to forelincrs, and uxel.v_uuumd to such asdesire to explore the in- terlor; bence the ehiquitous tourist and travel- writer has been unable (o adyance much beyond the precincts of the ports opened by treaty, and the reglon spreading {nland over an fminense aud denscly-populated surfazo Lag continued & lr(uu and sluiust untrodden ground. Ly reason ol a protractod sojourn In the tountry, with un< ::m o:xonnmuu for absorvauton, thorougnly nproved, Dr, uray apoears to have acquired n inthuate acqualutance with tho religlous and aril polity of the uation, and with (s 1 uly trate und customs, The results of nis are given In two compact volumes, which be; evidence of bef 4 % iy “"f‘fl"’“(‘l’- belng fmpartially and accurately e Cliness number, according to accopted ::mu‘zlm. 400,000,000 souls, " The moral cnrrw- i riu thls great peoplo offers a riddly hard Lo ecipher, Virtues and vices considereq fucom- :;;Ifilu gre hero found united. * Meekness, Lo }nm, docility, Industry, contentient, shge ulticas, obedience to superiors, dutiiuls =8 W parcuts, and reverence for theaged,” aro ": nml:xnn:ur::: ‘;uljm:munl{. lvlnr. Uattery, Fie ey Ve dealousy, dueratitude, ava- ieyan I;::ubg’ulngtl'r:r Yet moral fncon- Chluese, s Dr. Gra lng:l e st “Were a natiye of me' Emplr{. ifl'fi’i“:hfl‘} S<quiring g tharough knowledgs of thy e Eugl gmplu. W uako bimself fumitfar with llm"l‘n‘g lmn of our polico and other law courts, tha {ransactions that lake ‘;lu:n in what we call ‘e comuercial world,! and the scandal of :h:nt Wa terw ‘socicty,' he would probably Eive ls countrymen at home a ver, one-sided and deprectatory account of this ml({m," Notwith. standlog their pagantsm, superatition, despotic Koyerntnent, veual Eudlc«tuu: Sbelr practics of bulycaay aud of sfavery, aud the degradution of their women, Dr. Gray states that, on the ¥hole, “"The Chinese may bo fairly :‘umur. LZed as & courteaus, order] y, industrious, peace- loving, Sober, ami patriotic }:wple." The Chiness officials are the moat eorrupt i the wnrld! aud still there are inen of tho ‘{nwx. est iu;czr by L thelr runks. Dr. Gisy confesses 3 bavlui mot only one oncst sexvant of the ué?f&i“w“' long u’m"‘g'u‘; at Cnrwn‘, and this cl a3 Tegar the people with & feel- Inz:u:nunlluz to udun’unn. 5 logs outrary (o statements frequently put fore :lul. Dr, Gra, the eu-{cntlun of vucn 18 not uncominon, espectally in the south ur young ludies ure eges t of China, where scinarles ::mdmcly numercus, und Erlvuo tutors are R ten euguged to lustruct the daughters of a cmm.-lmm st their homes. Among tho lower T ey and o the ngrthern provinces, female cution is almuat edtircly neglected. i ulul recently, un? ooly Chiucey uewspaper in ol: und was thy £'ekin Guzette,—probably the g Lc;{. uewspaoer fu existeuce, huving beeu pub- ol long tcuo:»mzl p‘r'llnlh'x‘x :rr tluveulud in lrope e eliect 1s forwarded “e‘hlh rovincial (:nplm, and toere re-lssucd uu°~ Shl ule supervision of the Local Government. u“u d'?nnnxnz be added toor subtracted trom ey oriciual, the provincial publisher is lisble s runlnhmmr. 0f 100 blowsand banishment b Tee years. The fuformation siforded iu ment—is of 'u%‘flnl:!.mu:c%fi:ln armm v Supply 100 aeticlancy of a Publie Drcss, ;‘.i;..@i @ usarted Lo a8 & eans of generul colwuul- THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, APRIL 6, 1878—TWELVE PAGES. cation. There Is no regularly-organized postal systom, and thero are no rallronas or telegraphs fu the Emplre. One of the most prominent features of the religion of the Chinesc s the worship of ances- tors, The reverence of the child for the living varent {a transformed into homage after the re- moval of the latter by death, and the happiness of the depared fs supposed to depond In & great measure tpon the honora paid by thelr posterl- ty. Heneo the desirs for offapring fa a ruling trait, and forms a leading cause for the preva- Tenco of polygamy, The accond or third wives are regarded ratber as scryants ihan com- pontons, until they have borae children. All In:rlrms aro expecteldl L0 marry as soon a8 they iave reached the age of puberty; and, should an adult son or danchier die single, the event s deplored by thu!rsnmnu a3 & great calamity, Nozirl 18 ‘allowed to marry befors the aze of 14, while to rematn unmarried untll she {82318 regarded na little tess than acrime. Soim- portant Is this relation regarded [n its Influence upon Lhe eternal welfare of Lhe soul, that those who have died in thelr childnood and Infancy are in due time married to others who have dled at the same age,—~the ceremony being perform- ed by the psrents and friends with equal so- lemnity as in the case of the living, A man may divorce lus wife upon slight pre- texts, and the unfortunate woman, if she have 1o hear relative to provide for her, may be sold by her husband into slavery, or to a life of in- tamy. Dr, Uray rclates that, In August, 1801, “A° femals of prepossessing appearance, and evidently fo great distress, was being forced by a procurcss and hor attendants aloug the prin- cipal streeta of Canton. I learncd,” he s ‘‘that, in_coneeanence of & minor fault on her part, sho had been divorced and sold."” Parents may eell their children, and in some cases sous are taken by creditors In payment of & debt. Children sometimes voluntarily sell themeclves 1o relfeva thelr parents from embarrassment, ‘The suthority of the Chincsa over thelr oflspring |s unlimited, and they may even beat their zons and daughters to death without notico buing taken of it, Men snd women of mature age, and married, are liable to corporal punishment {rom an anury father or mother, “Iremember seelng,” writes Dr. Gray, “in Hangchow, a mother of 60 beating hor son, a wman wlho bad reaches! the ago of 80, The young man, I learned, was a drunkard, and, in arder o eratify his love of drink, was In the habit of pilfering tho earnings ot Lis mother, who owned o large silk-weaving. !nctav(v. On the occaston in question, he was returning from a8 carousal, nd, when the old Indy saw him, she uttered a shrick, and rushed upon hm with the furyof o tiger. Seizing Lim by the queue with one haod sho belabored nim most unmercifully with the other. A crowd fnstantly thronged the en- trance-door of the house, but no one Interfered. 'The erring son receiyed his castigation with meek submission.”? ‘The female scrvants ina Chincso houschold aro wenernlly slaves, and, in somo instances, the male scrvatits are tho same. _Wealthy fanililes have as many a8 twenty or thirty slaves In at- tendance, while those in humble life own a servant or two, The average price of a slave is $rom £50 to $100; vet, in times of alatress, poor arents acll thelr chllurnn for very low prices. ’crguns fu boudage hiave no clvil rights, aud are within the sole control of thelr ownors, A naster may scll his fomale slaves to become the concubines of other men, or to the proprictors of brothels, ludeed, ic insy do with them what hio will, and he s not called to account should {lllm;r death result from punishment inflicted by . No people are more prone to sufcide than tho Chigcse, and the methods whick they choose In ridding themeclves of the burden of lile aro irincipally by taking opium, hanging, or drown- ng, 1t is notable that they scldom commit sutclde by cutting the throat, as mutilation of the body’ls belleved to impafr tho future hap- pincss of the soul. Gambling {8 a univgrsal amwusement, and is followed by men and women of oll classes and ages. Alihoueh forbidden by low, it is tolerated by the ofticlais in cousid- eration of n bribe, and is pursued fo publle and at lome, and with every Imaginable device whereby money may bo won aud lost by the bazards of chance. Beuevolent lustitutions exist in the Emplre, Lut are'sustained less from a feeling of clarity than for the credit thal donors may _receive fur their guod deeds, According to Dr. Uray's representution, the Chincso have little sympathy with afltiction or suffering of any kind, beliov- Ingg that [t is odministered by ‘the godas as a chastiscment for sius cominitted either In this present state or In a previous exist- enco, 1n Canton and other cities, thera are asylumns for the aged and Infirm of both scxces, for the blnd, for foundlings, and for lepers; bue the pruvision for the sapport of these In- atitutions {s very inadequate, and the nmates aru poorly cared for. Thera are no lunatic asylums, and tho harniless insano are allowed to go at large, willo the vivlent are expused to most cruul treatment. Lunacy is apparently not comwon umong the people, aud Idiocy 1 very raro. Varlous eurious forms of charity are visible In the ctics,—as, in “summer, vascs of cold lea are sometimes set at the doors of the rich, that the poor wayfarcr may drink and be refreshed; and, io winter, tho teats replaced by hot gluger-soup. In tho warin months, fans are distributed by the charitably jncined, Oc- casionally medicine s gratuitously dlspensed, and soup-kitchens and’ clothing:-clubs are sup- ported on o small scale, 1o city and country, hotels, restaurants, tea. salvoue, und soup—smhuhound. On entering a restaurant, 8 bill-of-fare s placed In the hanuds of the guest; and, among the dishes it cnumer- ates, birds’-ncst soup and sharks’ flns are very likely tohave & plico. At o dinner-party, n hundred dishes are somotimen served,—thao first courss consiating of fruits, and the mnext ot savocy soups and stows, Pipes and tobacco nre profféred 0 conclusion of ‘each course. The wines are numerous,~the strongeat being a de- coctlon ot rleo culled suce-chow, Othiers ars manutactured from plums, apples, pears, litchls, aud rosca. At tho soup-stalls scattered lhmugh the principal atr=ets and squares of the towns, soup and pattiea can bo procured for a small suni, uud are caten on benches rruvlded for the purpose. Each trade has a gulld in every city, and tuelr halls are among the most beautiful buitdings to bo scen, These guild-Lalls inoy bo regarded us clubs or hotels, and travellng trudeswen from all parts of the Emplre go to thetr reapective gullds for food aud lodging, At thoe tea-sxluons, which aro found atong country highways us well as the cily streets, cakes, pres l("r'ved Iruits, and cups of tea are furnished the visltor. At cortaln restaurants in tho cltles, called Kow-Yuk-’0o, the llesh of dogs and cats #s scrved. The carcasses of dogs are suspended In the windows of these places, and placards announce that o dish of black cat or dog will be pruparcd at & moment's notice. Bills-of-faro are aftixed to the walls, and of one of these Dr, Gray presouts the translation Cata’ flesh, one baaln cuvereers Dlack cats’ flesh, one small basiu. Wine, one bolt) Wine, one | Congee, on Ketcuap, o Biack duge' greas Hlack cata' eyes, 0RO PALL. ey seee o cenl All gucste at this restaurant sre requested to be punctual in their paywenta, < The flesh of biack cats and dogs is supposed to bu more nourishing than that of specimens of other colors, At a coremony called A-chee, oo~ curring ay the beginning “of summer, dogs® flesh ts eateu by the entire people, with the be- Jet that it imparts strength snd s 2 protection trom dlscase. Itats are fucluded in the Chinese dietary, Y“ they are by no meaus unlversally catou. Thelr tlesl I8 salted aud dried tofit it for consumption. Sbriups form an extensive article ol fouod, and by many cpicurcs are eatun alive. They are brought to table trmwersed in wine, vioegar, and sesamym oll, and, becoming Intoxicated by the mixture, exhibit the most extraordinary antics, In this ltvely condition they are regarded asa cholco morscl by the gourmand, The roadways Intersceting China are poorly constructed, snd in most cascs, in the southern provinces, are too narrow to admit of two riding or walking abreast. In tho northern part of the Empire they arc broader. As intercom. muuicatlon by weans of rivers and caoals s feasibly throughout the country, work upon highways lias been neglected. Mile-stones wnd wulde-l.uuu diroct tus traveler on all the roads, even those teadiog off the main routes. Many of the bridges spauniog the water-courses are beautiful aid substantial structures, evincing much skill in this department of arcbitecture, The Mongolfans are fond of agriculture, and sre diligert uud patient in its pursult; yet vasg tracts of laud still rematn uncultivated. The lwplements with whicts nae[y' thl tho sotl snd Zarner their crops are of such primitive form ag Interfers with economy fn labor aud wm:_ the most profitablo cthods of 4 lculture. T liyestock ralsed on I '."uf.,’“, s s gomprlo the bully- 0 utiog ox, the bumped cow, the asd, &ud tbs cumal, which are used chicty as .beasts of burdeu; the lheev“fluah vig; rarely 8 the borse; and poultry—ducks, gee 4 sud fowls—in great numbeu'.x'l‘n' g‘{?n:l duclu. sud fowls wre quite commonly hatched by artiticlal means fa houses bull for the purposo. tn Clioess gardeus, which are careful ly culth vated, vegetables ummducvd In great varlety and quautity, and fi 4 i koown io ldeu.lon u."'u'ff’gfé"‘ specienliitle bnl:)ugkla‘v. tos uuta of high wrxw‘fl:’n'. a9 T, Uray devoles separate cha) culture, silk-culture, nos:w..."":-ffp;fn‘:.' m passed withoug Bsherles; but these wmust be wention, 88 bave been other divisions of oqual fnterest, treating of the religion of the Chinese, thelr gods and goadesses, mode of govern meat, prisons sud puslshments, sumpluar) laws, ceremonlal customs, amusemen u‘ aborizinal tribes. Each of theao subjects ts diy- cusacd at length, and contributes s grateful sum to our knowledge of a most singular and puz- rling natlon, ‘The yolumes are filustrated with Chinese pictures, which add an interesting feat- ure to the work. —— CRIMINAL LAW, A MANUAL OF CRIMINAL TAW: Txcropive Titr. Moo or ProcebrRe AY Whicn It Is Ex- roncrn, EarxciatLy DEsiongp yon Tnm Use Qr STUDRN: 1y Exony Wasasenx, LL. D., Anthor of '*A Treatira upon the Amerlcan Law of Real Proj rg." ete. Edited, with Notes, b wn 8, MAnsmaLy 1L, Profeazor in Unlon Cof- 1ege of Law, Chil . and Anthor of **A Treatirs on the Law of Fixtures," ete. Chlcaga: Cal. Iaghrn & Co. Bmsl! B vo., law sheep, pp. 278. This little elementary was left in manuscript by the lats Hon. Emory Washburn at the time of hisdeath, a year ago; but it was In substance complete, and bas been published as it was written, with the addition of notes by Prof. Ewell. [t (s designed primarily for students, and atms to give the leading principles of Crim- inal Law, without overloading the work with cftatfons of decisions, or attemptiug to give all the distinctians or limitations of the general Hence It is not. principles in particular casos, and does not pretend Lo be, & substituts for the more elaborate works of Bishop, Wharton, ar Chitty, After a chapter on slementary prin- ciples flfv 'riminal Law, the author dircusses, In succession, crimes and thelr clasafication; crimi- nal procedure by ensctments, comolaints, ete.; the courso of a trial, and the proccedings snb- scquent Lo the verdict. The work is ndm(nbli written, the principles being stated clearly ani sharply, and sufficient adjudicated cases aro re- ferred to to Slluatrate the rules latd down, and 1t will even be found of use for Pelcrence by the practicing Jawyer, ARIZONA. THE FWANDBOOK TO ARIZONA: Irs Re. tornces, HistanT, Towxs, Mines, Ruins, axn ScrNERY. Amply Ilinstrated, Accompanied with a New Map of the Territory. By HicHARD Jo lixtoxn, Ban Francieco: Pavot, "Upham & Co. Naw York: American ¢Newa Co. 12mo., pp. 431 Price., $2. This baodbuok seems to cohtatn a1l that the tourist or the prospective sottler would care to koow of a Territory favored by climato, sdorned with lovely sccuery, and enrichied by manifold natural resonrces of wealth, The physical feat- ures of Arizona, fls mineral treasures and ca- pacity for agriculture, its past history and oresent development, are deacribed with mach fullncss of detall, and with au alm at accuracy throughout. The Yook 18 neatly published, but, for cunventence rake, the map should have been |cclumd inapocket or by attachiment tothe volume, ACTORS AND ACTING. ON ACTORS AND THE ART OF ACTING. By Gronax lieNry LEwses, Author of ** Problems of Life and Mind," ete. New York: Henry Holt & Co. _Culcago: Janaen, McClurg & Co, ~ 12mo, Pp. 237, Price, $1,80, The artictes gathered nto this volume origl- nally appearcd in the columns of English perl- odicals. They aro thoughtful and dlscriminat- ing criticlsms on the dramn, and om thcartof varlous eminent actors, as Edmund and Charles Kean, Rachel, Macready, Farren, Charles Mat- thews, and Salvinl. Though not ranking among great effortsof their kind, they are clover es- says, revealing the tastes and opinfons of a stu- dious aud schiolarly man. In thegencrat dearth of dramatic criticiam of a dignified and Instruct- {ve character, they will be read with mingled profit and pleasure by all who incline to an ap- preciatios and enjoyment of goed plays and goud acting. g e SCRIBNER'S MONTHLY., SCRIBNER'BMONTHLY: AN ILLUSTRATED MaoA- ZING rou Tie Prorys. Conducted by {e77, , Hotranp, Volume XV, (Novemb, April, 1878, Inclusive), New York: Scribner & Co, Chicago: Jansen, McClurg & Co. 8vo., pp. 004, Price, $i. Moro attractive books than the volumes of Seridner's Monthly {t would bo hard to find. And cheaper buoks, with thelr chioico collection of literature, science, and art, and wealth of I¢toria) fllustration, one may not hopo to meet. ‘Z‘uh Jast pumber, the fiftéauth of tho scrics, equals, if It docs not surpuss tle best which have preceded [t, and fs crowded with diversilled and entertajuing articles and engravings. —— PIYSICAL PHENOMENA. THE FORCES OF NATULE: A PoruLan Intno- DUCTION TO THE BTUDY 0f PUYSICAL PUENONENA, AMRDEE GuILLEMIN, Translated from the Frencn by Mrs, NonuaN Lockyxw, and Edited, with Additloos and Notes, by J. NORMAN Locke yen, F. L 8, Ilinstratod by Neariy 600 K gravinge, London: Macinillan & Co. Chicagu: Janeen, MoClurg & Co, IFarts 1., IIL, IV., and V. Paper. Bvo.. Price,40 conts per l'art, ‘Che superb maaner In which this important work Is belng produced by the Euglish publish- ers focltes admiring comment. Tho {llust tlons are exceedingly fine, and the lettorpress Is worthy of thetm, Tho Inat rur. thus far {ssucd carries the subject lnto the optical study of sounds, and completes 200 pages. BOOKS RE%EIVI@D. EBSTER'S AND HAYNE'S SPEECHES IN w’l‘llE UNITRD STATES BENATE, JANUARY, 1830; ALso Daxist WEBsTZR'S SrEFCH IN THE Uwitxo STaTes 8xxate, Maucn 9, 1850, Phlla- delphia: T. B, Peterson & Dros. Chlcagos Jansen, ucclurx&' l.'ol.] 1’-:}:;:.[ Price, 76 cents. ARPER'S HALF-HOUR BERIES, ENGLISI uLl’I‘EHATUALB PRIMERS — IROMANCHE . RIOD., By Evgens LAwRENCE. | DAVID'S LITTLE LAD. llr L Mraps., New York: Tiarper & Biros. Clicago: Jansen, McClurg & Co. Price, 25 cents each, 18 “ETENNAL'"_ PUNISHMENT ENDLESS? ANSWELED BT A IIBATATEMENT OF THE UMGINAL BomterunalL Doctains. By an Ortnodox Minis- ter of the Gospel. Boeton: Lockwuod, Lrooks & Co, Chicago: Jansen, McClurg & Co. 1Umo,, pp. 113, Price, $L. ADDILESS BEFORE THE ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ASSBUCIATION, JUNE 6, 1877: CosmTAiniNg SoME UNSRNYATIONS OK THZ (EOLOGICAL A Tus Wouwn, Byld. Toxxs, M. D, al ington, D. C.: Published for tha Assoclation, T BURIED TREASURE; on, OLD Jonoan's *tHAunT," Dy HARRY CASTLENMAN, Author of ++Gnnboat Series, ote. Phriadeinhta: Porter & Coates, Uhicagot Jansen, McClurg & Co. 100,y pp. U0, Price, $1.70, BY: CELIA'S ARBOR: A Tatx or Pontsmourit Town. Dy WaLtsn Lesast and Jancs ftice, Authorsof **The Golden Butterily," stc. With Mustrations, New York: llarper & Bros, Chi- cago} Jansen, MoClurg & Co. ECONOMIO MONOGRAPIIS. No. VI. FREE BHIPS; Tus HEITORATION OF THE AMERICAN Caunving Trave, Uy Joux OabMan, New York: Q. P, Potnam’s Sons. Chicago: Jansen, McClurg & Co, Papor. WESTERN WILDS, AND TIIE MEN WIIO REK- DEEM THEM?! AN AUTuaxTIo NANBATIVE. ll( J. H, BranLx, Autlior of ‘‘Lifo in Utab" '""'&fl“’ Chleago: Jonce Dros, A‘L‘o. Bro., op. TIE MISTORY OF JO DAVIESS COUNTY, ILLINOIB: Contatxing A Ilistory or tux County—ITe Cities, Towxs; Erc. Illustrated.- Chicago: M. ¥, Kelt & Co, Bvo., pp. b43. THE NEW_ROCKY MOUNTAIN TOURIST: ARKANSAD-VALLEY AXD HaN-JusX Guing. By Jo G, Pawawons, ‘Third Edition, Chicago: Khnight & Leonard. Paper. HOW BHE CAME INTO HER KINGDOM: A RoMaxcE. (Chicago: Jansen, McClurg & Co, 12wmo., pp. 337, Vrice, $1.50. AL 1878, Dotrolt: D. M, Ferry & Fp. 104, 0XY: A Novt. glF‘l}\Van—Nm Wooed, pre RN TERIODICALS RECLIVED. LITERARY JOURNAL—Macch (P, Leypolds, New York). BUSINESS-MAN'S MAGAZINE—April (James P, beott, Cuicago). LITERARY WORLD~Apr (E. B, Hames & Ca., oston), ROLINSON'S EFITOME OF LITERATURE— ‘Avril (¥, W. Roblnson & Co., Palladelphis), LITTELL's LIVING AGE~Curront sumbers (Lite tell & Gay, Boston), FAMILIAR TALK. CHINESE BPORTS. The Chincse, who never sccm to outgrow thelr childhood, are endlessly smused with sports which among civilized rations are abandoned to the youaglings. The fiying of kites s an habitual pastime with the Mon- golisn gentlemes of mature years sud grave respunsibilittes. *Iremcmpver,” remdrks Dr, Gray, long a resident in the-* Flowery Kings B By Jauzs Pary, Author dom,” ‘‘being considerably surprised when, calling upon & Cnfncse gentleman, shortly alter iy arsival ‘§n Cbina, I was Informed by the servant that he was on the top of the house fty- fog bis kite. Chinese kites,” contivues this writer, “wbich are without tails, sre of all shapes, and rescrmble birds, Insects, baskets of fowers, serpeuts, centipedes, ships, sud evea men. Those resembliog scrpeuts or centipedes are sometimes of enormous length. The most beautiful kite I ever saw was at Taw-uin, in Formioss, and was in the form of a Catberine- wheel. Tha largest kitcs are made at Tientaln, and some of thcus requirs four or five men to hold them. In the centre of Chiunese kites, four or five matallic stringe are dxcd ou tha rinciple of the Aolan harp. Wheu they aro :lm'. low-Lsping noui'.u of the Alolian 135 heard. ¢, are distinctly But kite-fyjog, 0dd as {4 is as an amascment for the adult wind, is Icas quecr than cricket- fighting, which s a very popular aport with the Celestlals fn the southern provinces of thefr Empire. The ineects used tn thia sort of nlay shound In the hilly regions, and are captured at night. They aro enti-ed or driven from their holea by various expedients, and, when caught, are kept aingly [n earthen pots, ’mldlnz a little fine mold, and & tiny dish of water for the crickets to drink and batho n. ‘They arc fed with certaln species of fish and of insects, with botled chestnuts and rice, and honey Is admin- istered to sirengthen them, The rvoms in which they are confined are kept purs snd clean, and, shauld they sicken from overeating, a kind of red inacct Is ‘given them. If they take enld, mosquitoes are pravided ss & remedy; if 11l from heat, the grecn shoots of the pea are uscid a8 a corrective; and, finally, butterilics are pro- cured Lo overcome any difficulty in breathing. When broughtYo the cricket-pit, the fnsects are matched in pointof eize, welght, and color; and the smounts staked upon the prowess of respective combatants are often very large, A cricket which lias come off vistorious in many contests Is named shou-lip, abd, when It dles, 18 honored with burial In a silyer cpfiin, **'The places most notorlous fof cricket-fight- Ing aro Fa-tee,” writes Dr, Gray, **in the im- medtats vicinity of Canton, and Chaepee, near Whampoa., At these places there are extensive mat-sheds, divided into scvernl compartments. In each compartment there faa table with s emall tub oaft, {n which the crickets fight. The sum of moneystaked on tbe contest is lodged with a committee, who deduct 10 per cenl, and hand over the balaoce to the person whose cricket has won. He 18 slso presenied with & roast pig, s prece of ek, and a gllded ornament resembling & bouquet of flowers, This decora- tion Is placed by the winnor, either on the an- ceatral altar of his houss, or on a shrine In honor of Kwan-te, In order that betting men may be mado acquatuted with the merits of the crickets matched agalust each other, a placard is posted on the sides of the bullding, setting forth the varlous stakes won by each cricket. ‘The excitement manifested at these matches is very great, and considerable sums of money change hands. Crickets which display great fightiog powers are not unfrequently sold for I-:;F; sums," e {nhabitants of Mongolis take llitle Inter- cst In fleld-sports, although, In the worthern provinces, fox-bunting 1s not uncommon. The hare fs pursued, in the Yrovince of Chill, with the falcon in addition to hounds. The bare is in such tear of this bird that, when the falcon hovers over it, it crouches to the ground and fall, easy prey to Its pursuer, In the north, the falcon s sometimes used in hawking, and great palns sre taken to $rain it for the pur- posc. ART GOSBIP. It 18 aid that tho spire of Antwerp Cathedral 1s visiblo at a distance of 130 miles. A Ladies' Docorative-Art Socloty has been formed at Baratoga, which Is to be an auxiliary of tho New York Soclety, A monument 1s to be erceted over the grave of Immaouel Kant, at Konigaberg. Thecity heads the subscription with the sum of $1,000, M. Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, the well-known architect, has recently lost a younger brother, who was a landscape-painter, M, Alexandre Viollet-lo-Duc obtained a third-class medal ln 1852, and a medal 1o 1870, Mr, Henry Probasco has offered to give to Cincinnati his art-collection, valucd at $200,000, provided a fire-proof bullding be erected to ac- commodale it. A few years aZo the same gen- l‘.lemz:l‘ presented the same city with a bronze ountain. Mr. Josenh Sovern, whose dangerous iliness at Rome was announced a week ago, is improy- {og, His son, Mr. Walter Bevern, writes, in.a rivate letter, I am glad to say my father is tter, and may recover from tho serlous attack he had last week, potwithstanding his great nze,—35." The remainder of the celebrated Novar col- lection of Turner's drawings and paintings will be sold this senson. Although inany cholee works were sold from ths collection last year, It stlll contalns twenty or thirty water-colors bolonging to Turner's best periud, and six se- Tect pictures painted by bim at various intervals 1n his carcer. a A necropolis has been 1ald open on the estate of the Spiuclll famlly, near Cancello, Italy, which Is supposed to belovg to the mocient Buessula,—a town in Samnlum, on the southern slope of Mt. Tafita. Five tombs havo been un- covered, and a large collection of objects—com- prising vases, cups, colns, articlea of gola and silver, unguentarii, necklaces of glass, ond frag. menta of Luman bones—have been found. ‘The Athenarum says of the exhibition of draw- ings by Tarner, owned b{x Ruskin, which {s now ooen at therooms of the London Soclety of interest—an interest of al- licitade—1n attached to I gifted owner lies stricken with slckness g0 soro that at one time his 1ifo hung trembling In the balance. Ilow great would have been our 1 shown by the auzlety with whicn the bulletina of Lis health were looked for by thio public; it §s with & corresponding feci- lnle{ relief that we peemit ooraclven to hopo the crisls is pnst, and tpat he msy bo sparod agaln to hurl aarcasm and scorn st utilie tarianism, to dazzls us with paradoxes. snd do- light s with word-plcturea rendered in that ex- ulsitely nmpid style in which word follows word ?lku tho soft dropplag of April raiu, uatil the whole ia wirrored forth In s scone of purc loveli- ness, o . o The publlc, knowing that tno workn of thn master Lero exhibited have been col- lected by tho disciple, and that no want of micsns bus hindered collection, natarally oxpect ta ‘Turaer sthis full strength aa watee-color paln and thoy will not bo disappointed. ~ All his vario poriods aro adequately represented, iu most Inatans cea Ly the cholcest examples, numerous enough to give a clear couception of his life’s work, aud not fatiguing from tho superabundance of va; d incnoate productions which render the Gallery collection a weariness to tha natlve, aud a source of whimsical perplexity to the foralgner, —— LITERARY ITEMS, A volume of “Selentifie Mcmoirs” {4 an- nounced by Dr. John W, Draper. Y @Geminky' o story of twins, will form the noxt number of the * No-Name Borics.” Tho Rev. J. I’. Mabaffy, author of * Boclal Life in Greece," will soon publish “A Bhort History of Greek Classieal History," ‘The scrfcs of short livea of ¥ English Moa of Letters,” edited by Jotn Morley, will be pub- lisbed in America by Mossra, Earper & Bros, Mesars, 8haldon &Co. have In press a treatlss on * Our Indiau Population; or, How 8hall We Treat the Hed Maul” by Lisut.-Col. E. 8, Otls, U.8 A Mr. Alfred Russel Wallaco will soon bring out from the press of Mcssrs. Macmitlan & Co. s volumne entitied *Tropical Nature, aud Other Essays.” The Rev. M. J, Bavage {s preparing & work for tho vrcu‘.m\med Y Bluffton,” lu which the ex- perience is portrayed of one who passes from orthudox to Hoersl theology. Mr. Thomas Arnold hasupwards of 500 works on ‘Tobuceo,—its Usages, Cultivation, Manufac- ture, etc.,—and ia preparing a cataloguc of them for publication, Casscll, Petter & Galpin will publish in a few days the * Great Thirst-Land,” by Parker Qlll- more,—a description of @ joumncy throulfn Natal, Orange Free Btate, Trausvaal, and Kafa- harl, The papers on donfostic architecture and (n- tertors, by:Mr. Hudson Hally, which have been published ‘tn Harper's Magarine, wil) be incor- porated in a volume to be ssued under the title of * bodern Dwellings.” Mr, Benson J. Lossiug has arranged with Harper & Bros. for the publication Jf a * Cyclo- pedia of Awerican History,™ which will cover the period nneudhls" {rom the discovery of America to July 4, 1876 The Undergraduates at Oxford number, sc- cordiog to the Uulversity Calendar for 1875, 53, The body of Felluws (exclusive of Christ Church), reaident and von-resident, {nclude 163 Iayiuen and 116 clerzgymen. Mr, Fletcher Harpor Las boumght the Sea- Suoro Cottage at Atlanticville, N, J,, for the urpose of eatablishing a bowe for sick and lu- gnn persons connected with the bouse of Har- er & Bros. The home will pe superivtended )y Mrs. Harper. Tho memoirs of the late Prince Metternich will be fasued in English, German, and ¥rench, simultanecusly, The work is belug reviewed by Prince Richard Metterofeh, who will omls sich portions as are likely to give pain to per- song still liviog. ‘Ihe current number of the University Maga- gine contains a paper written by Mr. Ruskiu juat before tia prescut attack of fllness. It cow- parea the old with the new school of literature, and prescats many fncidents in Mr. Ruskin's owa early literary experience. A volume of ¢ Memorial and Blographical 8ketches,” by e Rev. James Freeman Clarke, will lhurll{)lbwlr from the pressof Houghtoo, Osgood & Co. 'The eketches witl fnclude Go fiudsr:l-, (ihdllfil Emnuu;, Th«fii‘ora o]i:kl.‘hu T uuel . llowe, Ur, bussn 0 o] elder Bootb, etc., ete. 1t haa becn decided b‘JLhfl Imoeriat authord- tles to locuta the mow Uuiversily of Slberla ay Tomsk, instead of Omsk. Tho tormer town is, situatedl op the Tom, sa stluent of the Obl, mont touching porsona ihie oxbibltion, now . o “aud has & Sourishiog trade and w04 23,000 w- habitants. Sibe; merchants have contribut- ed condsiderable sums toward the cndowment of the University. EDMUND KEAN. Mr. Lawes maintains, (o his essay on Edmund Rean, that this actor was one who atttained the consummate mastery of expression rather by the excrelse of forethought and study than by inspiration, “Kean vigilantiy and patlentiy rehearsed every detall; trying the tones until bls ear was sstisfied; practicing looks and gestures until hia artistic sense was satisfied; and, havior once regulated these, e never changed them. The consénuence was, that, when ha was aufficiently sober to stand and speak, he conld sct his part with the precision of a slnger who has lhnmmfl:lilurned his air, One who often acted with him {nformed me that, when Kean was rehcarsing on a new stage, he securately counted the number of steps he had to take “before reachiog & certain spot, ar before uttering & certain word; there steps were justly regarded h( him as part of the mechanism which could no more be neg- Jected than the sccompaniment to an sir conld be ncg{lenled by & singer. Hence it was that he was always the same; not alwaye In the sama health, not always fnthesame vigor; butalwaya master of the Eurl.. anil expressing it through the sama symbols. The voice on some nights would be more irresistibly touching in ‘But 0 the nlt{ of it, Iagot'—mote musicaily forlorn in 10thello’s occupsation gone,’—or more terrihle in * Blood, laza} blood, blood !’ but accent and rhythm wers unchanged Tam- berltk may deliver the C from the chest with more gonority one nlfi:n than another, but al- waya dellvers it from the cbest, and never {rom the head,” °SPARKS OF SCIENCE. BNAKE-FOISON. A synopsis of arecent lecturc delivered be- fore the London Boclety of Arts by Sir Joseph Fayrer, on the subject of 8nake-Polson, appears in Nature. Tho lecturer estim: the annual loss of lfc fn India by wild animals and venom- ous suakes at 20,000 bunan belogs and 50,000 cattle. The greater number of the cattle are destroyed by wild beasts, but the loss of human life is chicfly to be ascribed tothe bite of snakes. In 1875, no less than 17,000 persons and 8,000 cottlo were killed by polsonous scrpents; and these figures aro supposcd to underatate tho actual deaths from this cause slone. Persevering efforta have been made to find an antidote’ for thu virus of snakes, but thua far with HUttle success. Ammonia proves ta be use- less Indeed, it appears to basien the fatal ef- fects of the polson. Mr. Pedler, who las en- deavored to ascertaln the naturo of snake- poison, preliminary to the discovery of an antl- dote, finds that its composition ismuch liko that of aibumen, In adried state stresombics gum- Arable, and contalns 60 per cent of albumen and 40 per cent of snake-polson. Theo efforts of Me. Pedler to resolve the polson Into a definite ct; talline substance were ansuccessful, Higexoert- meuts showed that the activity of cobra-virus is dimiulshed by dizestlon wiiheliher ethyliclodide, hydrochlorivacld, or platinum chioride, The last-named substance secmed to neutralize the poison taken by jtself; but, after the virus was once (ntroduced luto the system, though its ef- Iects might be stayed they could not be over- come, Platinum ‘chloride may, therelore, be regturded as a useful local application, but not as an antldote, Every means, sakd the lecturer, hitnerto tried to counteract the effocts of eabra- polson, Las proved ineffectual. By artificial respiration life has been prolonged, but in po case proserved. An foterestiug exveriment with this process was perforwed, at the sug- gestion of 8ir J, Fayrer, bya Commission ap- polnted by the Indian dovrrnmcut: A dog was bitten one afterncon by » water- anake, and apparently died about 3 o'clock. ~Arti- ficial respiration was at once commenced, and the lieart continued to beat: but the animal seemed to ve porfectly dead, snd the limba nio longer re- sponded to electrical atimull. Early next morn- ing, however, an alicration took place, The liinbs szaln answered to electricity, voluntary movements occurred, snd the eyellds closed, not only when the eve was touchcd with the finger, but when the hand was slmply bronght near it. This fhowed that tho animal conld see the ap- nmuehlufi hand, and closed fts eyes in order to protect them from the egpected touch. The dog scemed to bo in & fair way to recovery, but about nnon it begen to get worse, and noally died at Bo'clock on the second day,—twenty-fonr hours after its first apparent death, Although little istobe expected from the various mcans attempted to save life after sualie-poison has once eutered tlhe clrculation, much may be dunc, says Sir J. F-‘yur, by sn active Administration in Inds, w dlminish the enormons loss of life by these yenomous rep- tiles. The destruction of serpents, and caution apainst thelr bite, must pe relied upon chiefly for protection from thelr terrible ravazes, ——— FLORA ROUND ABOUT CHICAGO. Tue WaLxor FARILT.—The Juglandacem isa small tribe, embraciog about thirty species, the greater part of which belong to North Amer- fea. ‘They aro sll trees with a watery or resin- ous juice, and alternatc, plonated lcaves. The male flowers are {n catkins, and tho fertile flow. ers In terminal clusters, Occasfonally both are infugled fn one paulcle. The fruit s a drupe with one stone, the kernel of which is often cdible and agrecably favored. A few of the Waluut family are nativesof the Fast Indles. Tho tree commonly called the English walnut SI ugllnn regia) hasbeen brought Lrow Perala god Cashmers. One specles s at bome In the Caucasus, snd anotber o tho West ludin lslands, ‘I'wo species oceur in the rezion around Chica- R0, The Butterout (Juglavs cinera) grows sparingly In the woods north of Riverside, and the Black Wulnut (J. nigra) is & common forest- trea north aud west of the city, The former attaina n hight of from thirty to fifty feot, and In open situatiuus extends its branches fn a broud and beautiful canopy. The latter is also a bandsowme tree, aud on ornament to cultivated ronnds. Tho wood of both species 14 valued [ carpentry and cabiuet-work, and the frult is estecined for eating. The Pecou-nut—ranging from Ilinols to Loufslana—sud the lickorics, classed In the guenus Curys, are tnembers of the Juglundacem, and l\tngndmr form ten species, Inhabitiug the United Btates cast of the Mississippl. ‘There are specimens of the Fecan-nut at ‘Terre Houte, eighty to ninety fect Ligh; and the Pyut (C. 1ania) sometities has an altitude of 100 feot, 'ho bark of all the species is acrid and purga. tive. The sap of tho English Walnut and of the Butternut is sweet, and both trecs are some- timea tapped like the Maple, snd the sup used for the tmanufacture of sugar. In Coabmers, a bland, tixed oil ts expressed from the fruit of the \\’-luut, and a pleasant kind of wine (s also made from it. The wood of the tree is light, though bard and flue-gralned, and is mach em- vloyed for izunstocks, ‘The Eugelhiardtiss spicats, a species pecullar to Java, 13 often 20 feot bigh, sud its bard, Leavy wood is greatly prized. A TOSTILE OWL. A short time ago au account waa taken from Forest and Stream of w sfugular assault by sn owlupons human pedestrian. A sccoud in- staucs of the kind s mentioned In the same paper. About twenty-five years ago, » gentle- mau passing through a plecs of woods at alght was surprised by baviog his bat struck so vio- lently from behind that it was thrown off and fell to the ground. Restoriug it to its place, and proceedlog o his way, tho inan was soou startled by & repetition of tho vccurrence, Thls time he beard the whirring of wiugs, and, after settling his but once more, prepared to defend himself with his walking-stick. Very shortly, hearing the sound of wings again, he struck out violently with th cane, und, as bia bat drovped to the ground for the third time, a large owl came down with {t, stuoned by the blow re- celved from the cane, snd was speedily dls- patciied. It was taken home by ihe traveler, a8 an evidence of hte very strango encounter, ikl WASE AND SPIDER, A correspondent in Nafure mentions sn en- tomological collection of the Eoglish Vice- Cousul at Atheus, iu which & wasp and s spider arc preserved in & driwer togetner, because of their poculiar relations. 1t scome that the spi- der is the babitual prey of the wasp, which hunts its victlins by scent, after the manuer of hound. The specimens captured were actu+ ily taken during & chase which the dler was pursued for somu tiwe Iu the rooms of collector’s bouse, *The spider, as soon a8 he found bimselt marked down, showed the greatest terror, run- olug bither and thither, with wany dopbles and wrns. These the wasp—a lung, thiu-bodied varlety~followed accurately, turn by turn, never quittiug the spider's track for ap {ustant, recoverivg wlen 8t fault, 1ike u dog, ubtil, after an excitiug chase, he sclzed bls exbiausied prey, and the keenly-loterested buwan observer see cured both pursuer and victim.” BUSHMEYN DRAWINGS, 5 Prof, Q. Fritach Las lately added bis obaerva. tions in Cape Colouy upon the drawings of the' Bushmen, to those of tha Rev. C. G. Buttoer in be Dumara region. The results obtained show that thess drewings sre widely estended i Bouth Africa, and that their anthors posscss a surpristng familianty with the laws of persnee- tive and the art of grouping. The Bushmen are probshly the most degraded race of man- kind; and, asya Nature, dwelling as thoy do {n caves, and living from hand to inouth, these evidences of the firast principlesof art among them possess nosmall degree of valoe ss ox- lanatory of numerous attcmpta at fllustration before the stone and bronze ages. It has been declared by certain anthropologiste that the buman race,at the stagaof development resched by the cave-dwellers, were Incapable of produc- Ing the drawings of animals which have heen tound among the relfcs of the so-called reindecr epoch. The late discoveries of the Bushmen drawings prove this theory to be untenabte, as the Bushmenare not advanced beyond the stone age. —— BRIEF NOTES. A hippopotamus, which has been in the Zo- ological Gardens of London slnce 1850, dled o few days ago. ‘The eittings of the Internations! Geologlcal Congress, to be convened this summer at Parls, will probably commence Aug. 19. The African explorer, Dr. G. A, Pischer, has traversed sfnce Iast autumo tha Tropleal re- glons opposite Zanzibar,—msking many aci- entific obseryations, and large collections in Zoology. Blnce 1506, measures have been In operation In 8witzerland for the preservation of the boul- ders that are scattered over the country. In France, a similar effort Is being inaugurated; and the geologists of Bcotland are fnteresting themsclves in the same matier. A National Entomological Ezhibition bas been successfully organized at the Royal Aqua- rium, Westminster. About 250 exhibitors bave diaplayed 800 or 900 vasce, averaging 800 lo- sccts each. Witn few excegtlonl the specimens shown have been collected by amateurs., Mr. Cotterell, who wss tbe companion of Capt. Eiton n his late fourneys from Lake Nyassa_to Ugogo, bas arrived in England. Capt. Elton dicd of sunstroke In Urogo. I was the English Consul in Portugucse East Africa, and had done much good work in the causo of Science. Siznor a’ Alvertls, the Itallan_traveler, has mule another ascent of the Flv River, ln New Guines. Fle was frequently atiacked by ihe uatives along ibe route, and was greatly harnss- ed with dissensions amoog his crew: yet reach. ed Thursday fsland, 1o Torres Etralte, in safety, Jan. 41ast. The details of the expedition have not yet been published, It is now nearly seventy years singa the her. ring disappeared from the coast of Bweden, but late reports state that great shoals have once more appeared as io the olden time. The Goy- ernment bas appointed Profs. #als and Smitt to investigate the subject of their departure and return. The berring seem to haye betaken themsclvea to the coast of Norway fn 1803, but have now eealn deserted that shore in favor of the BwedIsh coast. In the monograph on the Beetles of St. Helena, by T. Vernon Wollaston, 230species are recorded, fifty-soven of which have probably been con- yeyed thitker by varlous means, Séventeen of the remalning specles are regarded as of doubt~ ful origin, but the other 129 specles are con- sidered to be unquestionably endemic. No representatives of the Hydradeobaga and Phillhydrida, the sauatle Carnivora and Herbi- vora, and of Longicornia, oceur {n tho island. Mt. Tongariro, & volcano rising to the helght of ulrm fect in the centre of North fsland, New Zealand, has lately been explored for the first time. The Maoris regand the mountain s sa- cred, and have, bitherfore prevented accessto it; but Mr. P\ F. Conelly, an Englishman, was able, by the assistance of friendly Chicfs, to overcotiie all opposition, and not only expiora the crater, but make aketches and photographs of the locality, and determine the position of the most important peaks. An cxtensive exploration of Russian Lapland is being conducted by Licut. Sandeberg, of Sweden. t was begtin fn 1870, and will con- tinue untll 1850, The country Is being carefull survesed, and thae fauna of land and sea nveati- gated. Larve collections in natural history bave llrcldg been gatbiered, and thess [ncludo scventy-elgit specics of birds in the Kolu Pe- ninsula, one ol which, at least, is new to sclence. An ancient m-nu!ulnry of stone {mplements has been discovered near Golotizk, on the cast coast ol the White Sca. The cullections will be divided between the State Museums of Russix, Sweden, and Norway.—tbethree countries unit- ing in defraying the expenses of the expedition. Mr. T. M. Brower notes, In Forest and Stream, the occurrenco in Now England of a specimen of Pyranga Ludoviciana,—Loulslana tanazer. Duriug & violont storm of wind snd suow, on the 2uth of January, the bird approached the window of & bouse in Lyon, Mass, wherea number of caged birds were kept. A cage with fool was set out for it into which It immediate- 1y entered. It was an aduit female, evidently o wild bird, and, although famishing, was not emaciated. 1t fs supposed by MF. Brewer that the bird was esught in tho vortex of tho storm, which started from the Mexican Pacific vonst, and was borne by it to tho shores of the Atlautfc. The babitat of the bird In summer {s in the recions west of the Great V'lains, and in winter fn Mexico and Central Amerles. Mr. Francis Darwin speaks, in a recent loct. ure on the *Analogies of Plant and Animal Life,” of the curfous fuct of the twisting secds of certaln grasscs_horing thelr way into the flesh of animals. The sceds arc provided with arruw-like polnts, snd Ly meaus of loug and strong arms, which twist aud untwlst by the sction of an alternate wet and dry atmosphere, are able to penetrato bard and dry solls, and also the clotbing and skin of men and animals, In Australin, they are often found to work their way Into the heart, liver, and kiduaya of sheep, —producing great suffering, and Onally death, In'the northern part of Queensland, it is sald that lhe![rmmnr Las been abundoned merely because of the Injury worked upon the flocks by theso curious sceded grasses. s GAME-DBIRDS OF TIIE CIIICAGO MARKET: WITH AN APPENDIX ON MAMMALS, 1Y W. I, BALLOU. Tt {s probable that there aro fow markets in the werld that can boast of so great s varlety of game-birds as Chicago. Bituated near the base of o great trisugular forest-ares, In which birds from the Troples and Arctle reglon are known to meet,—surrounded on all sldes by va- rious bodies of fresh water,—i has abundaot facilitics for procuring the choicest game, In fact, almost the entirc manss of birds taken on the Western Great Lakes, the Misslssippl and Ohlo Rivers, and the nuinerous fuland marshes, lakes, and rivers near it, fluds {ts ways luto this market. It is s matter of no llttle Interest, then, to understand what specles, accidentally or otherwise, are hicre represcuted, Few Buates in the Union have so many species of birds as llools, and certaloly no foland State has so many strictly (hitherto considered) marltime species. Considering these facts, jt is not diticult to understand the occurrence of so mauy varfeties of game-birds ju the market. The species mentloned fu this however, are pot necessarily taken, in all lp‘mmc!‘:. in this ttate. Thoy are shipped to the city from the more Weatern States, and from many of the Stntes bordering on or In proximity to Illinols, These specles are aob ound at 'all times fo the market, but many of them occur at futervals, while atill others “arc jound only duriog certalu years, and, agaln, & few aro kuown s rare Instances, obtaioed by mere chaoce during thelr migrations in spriug or full. The catalogus may be noted as ful- lowss 1. Wild Pigeon—Ectoplates migratorius. Often common duriog inigrations in spring aud I 2, Common Done—Zenadara Caruiine 1y one of the most commol market durtog all penods when 3. Wild Turkey—Melesgris galiopavo. Comion, 4. Bage Cock~Centrocercus uropuasianus. Very are. fintlulld:nl of 1llinols. "Found In somne private callections, and probably shivped here for u“d"r:"to?h’t?:?'fipldnnuCuplflu. Very come mon. Realdent of llinols, 6. Rulled Grouse: Puriridge—Bonssa Umbellus, Common, Resident of liilnols, 7. Qul“‘—o‘ny: Visginlonus. Common. Resl- d‘;‘;{:‘:k~‘ifl°:fllu Hg‘ur-&guumh Helvolica, ri ond, C‘:)‘?T)‘::l‘di: l!llglelx—rsundnu fuivus. Common I n dul’l‘)?‘lfi‘aln‘z‘l“l“l r—Zgialitls vocilerns. Com- 1T wilsow's Phoh‘:’opo'—lunnopu Wilsont, mer-resident. i g L S R cans. Very . 1. gl‘llrlbhulld Sult~Himantopus nigricollls. B‘fq’.’wfi«'u{c{:g—"miggllfi r:::twu'g:.mmon. 18. Wilson's Saipe—Ualiln 3 16, Rod-Breastcd Snips—Macrophamphus gris. aDs. . X 'rings Mocalata, As common ;.'Ly".';f:fiifl’x ks faiatly of birdi in the. @A et . Red:Backed Sandpiper—Triogs Alphins, 15 Matbtag Grawieo Lhnoen foclos. B I e e . jet—Totanus sei 24. Greater \'ulmwunz'rounu welsnslens cus. . Leas rYeuo'-ufM. Boripes. 24, Ffehiflmn—Au tures bartrstiue. 24 Lacg-Bil Cutlew—Naomenius loogleos- 25. Eequimaux Carlew—N. Borealls. 26. Virginia Rail~Rallus Virginianae. 27. Caot—Falica Americana. 28. American SWIn——CIg‘nul Ameticanus. Oft- en In the market during the spring in large pume. bers ‘White-Fronted Goose—Anser albifrons, 30. Blue Goose—A. cmralescens, 31. Snow-Goose—A., hyperborens. B2, Lesser Bnow-Goove—Varfety Albatros, 33. Brant—Branta Caunadennis, M. Hutehine' Goore—Variety Matchinsl, 35. Mallard—Ansa boachos, ~One of the moat common species of ducks in the market, and fonad throughout the winter. . 30, Black Dnck—A. pbsenra, 37, Pintatl: Sprigtalt Duck—Dsfla acats, 38, Godwali~Chbanielasmus streparue, 30, American Widgeon—Mareca Americans. 40. Green-Winged Teal—Querqueduls Coralia- entis, Common, Usually stalned with some sub- stance in the water, 41. Dlue-\Winged Tesl—Q. Discors, 42, Shoveler: Spoonbill—Spatula clypests, 43, Wood-Dnck—Aix sponea. 44, Greater llack-Head Dock—Fulignla marile. 45. Lesser Black-Ilead Dack—Puilgula afinls, 40, Ring-Necked Duck—Fuligola collaris, 47. Red-liead Duck—Fuligala Americana, 48. Canvas-Back Dnck—Fuilgula valllsperis, These lust foar species are found duringthe win- tar-neason, and the Lwo latter are especislly songhs after for tha fasca, . tapicillata. ¥ 4. Ruddy Dock~Erlamatars rbids. G6. Gooemnder: Sheldrake—Mergus merganger, Red-lireasted Morganser—Mergus eerrator, b7, Hooded Merganser—>ergua cucnllatas, To the abova list may be added & number of specles not fairlyrepresentativesof the “game tribe, but which are lrc?|xen¢|{ or oceasionally found In the market. Though but few of them are In use on tho table, yet few of them find thelr way Into the taxidermist’s shop, the pub- lic mussum, and private collections. A partial list of these is ua follows: 1. Eparrow-lawk—Falco sparvari; 2. Red-Tatl llnwk—llnl’e%‘nn ea 3, Marsh-Hawk—Clrena cyanens. 4. ald Eagle—Hollatus lencocephalus, Brooght in_alive, usnaily, 5, Great Horned Owl—Bubo Virginisnos, Usaal- 1y brought in alive, P 1. Bnowy Owi—-Nyctes scandiasn. 7. Long-Eared Owl--Otus’ vutgarls, ¥ 8, Short-Eared Owl~Otns brachyatus, ~~ . Logcock: Black Woodpeeker—fylotamas Pileatus, - 10. Kingfisher—Ceryle alcyon, . 11, Mocking-Bird—Mimus Polyglottus. Com- mon rerident In the mouthern part of the State, 12, Common Crossbili—Loxia enrvlmmym Oc- caaionally fu tho market during the severo winter- scasons. 13, Snow-Bunting—Plecirophones nivalis, 14. Lapland Lengepnr—Plectrophones Lspponte cus. ufi' Red-Winged Dlackbird—Agelxns Pheni- 10, Meadow-Lark—Sturnella magna, 17, Brown Crane—Grus Canadensis, 18, Herring-Gull-Larns argentat Many species that sometimes occur fu the markol are purposely omitted in these cata- lozues, Those mcutfoned wera mostly ob- scrved by myself, and carofully compared with corresponding observations” of others. A few, however, were taken on suthori- ty of private collectors, HNome species ara nm;n& 'on ’nux{;mz of thc{tr extremo variation in migrations; among thess, certain Arctic birds, whose winter-migrations south vary with tho severity of the climato and the scarcity and abuadance of food. During the past winter, of '78-'70, thers was a marked decrease, not only in numburs of specles, but jn numbers of epecimens. This unduuhm]ly was not due to the sbscuce of most apcles In thelr usual resorts. The extreme mildness of the winter rendered the transportation of game un- safe and the sales unprofitable. AN APENDIX ON MANMALS, . But few specimens of mammals find {delr ;u to the market. The list of these fs as'Tole ows 1. Black Bear—Urrns Americanus, 2. Virginia Deer—Cariacus Virginianus, This species {5 comparatively common, Analbino specls men, of pure white, owned by Dr. Velle, at nresent In the Chicago Academy of Sciences, 263 h arenue, # < 4. Western Fox-8qulrrel—Sciuras cinereus. 4. UGray Banirrel—Scioras Carolinensis, 6. Yied Squirrel—Sciurns Hudsonius, 0. Northern Hare: White Rabbit—Lepus Ameri- canus. 7. Gray Rabblt—Lepus exivaticas, 8. Possum—Didolphas Virginiana. Otbier speeles are not frequent. Many of dif- fereot specics, however, are found in the mar- ket, but are not necessarily included in this cat- alogue. Evaxsrox, Il ————— THE SERVIAN NATIONAL HYMN, To the Editor of The Triduns. Cuicado, April 4.~The Russo-Turkish tn< pleasantness baving brought Servia moreor less prominently before tho reading publle, perhaps some of your readers may find intercst in her Natfonal Hymn,—since she s one of the few nations fortunate cuough to have s National Hymn. Not baviog secn a copy of it insoy American paper, I herewith incloas a copy taken from the Luckoow 1Witness, Anznow. AERVIAN NATIONAL HYNN, 0 God, the Just, whose powerful hand Has never ceased to save our land From rain and deuly ! Deigo stitl our humble volce to heed; Dolygn still to be our help Lo need, Our Harior and our stay; Btreich forth ‘Thine arm, and galde our bark, Thrnu(h tronbled ses and tempest dark, To Viclory's peaceful bay, May all our bearts together blend In one great wish —In one great end— The natl 1 to frea! ‘s young and old unite to bier long night Of wrong and misery ! Then happler days may be in store— Thaen ahait we sce the bright aurors Of Ilight snd Liboerty, —— CHICAGO CATTLE FOR ENGLAND; Baaton Herald, Aprii 30, ‘The steamcer Blberis, of the Cunard Line, which satled Saturday night for Liverpool, took out 500 hve cattle, the first ever carried by that Hne, They were shipped by Mr. David Thom- son, of Chicago, and ho took thia occaslon to revisit bis vative Isod for the first time (ns dozen years. Iels a natlve of Scotlaud, whers Le was extunaively eugaced lu the shipment of cattle to Giasgow, until be had the misfortune to have the rinderpest break out among a large drove while on his way to that city. Fearing that the diaeass would sproad, the heplth au- thorities condemned the entire drove, and every sniinsl wus killed. This entalled a severe lusa ou Mr, Thomson, and Le soon after emigrated o this country, and went to Chicago. le won the confidoncs of his emplovers, and, in a fow years, went {nto business for himself, He has butlt up an extensive trade, not only in Chicago, but with several Eastern cities. Tho cattle scot out yesterday were the drat he haas shipped 1o Englsud. Mr., Thomson came to America a poar man, alone, sud slinost {riendless. He ro- }l‘ml to Beotland the posscasor of a bundsoms ortune, THE SOFT, WHITE HAND, ™ I've scen them aftting slde by side— A lady fair, of gentle mien, And bo ln streneth of manly pride— lu mary s gey and glitt'ring scens, And sometimes, when from barp and band Do thriliing foods of music streain, I've seen ber little, soft, white band A moweat on bis shouldes glesm. And oft, st home, when passing by, As hu recilnes in bl arin-chair, I've seon ber litie, 201t hand lie Unhiceded ou bis abining halr, But oftenest, when thoy're alone— For hearts like hers are pure aud sy~ Hee littie, voft band sceks bls own, Alasl unnouced there 1o lie, e loves hee? Yes; but love of mag *v1a of is life s thing wpars;® & e canuot, As & WoInsn can, Enshrioe an idol {n his Leart. ith bis 1 it hour l..auuhvl m, apleasant &.‘." Snatched from the ardor of Egjoyed e perfume of & dower, 0d then a8 Lghtly cast away. De dreams ot of the longing thers, 1o ber much-loving, trusting breast, Thsl wakes ber life oue yearning I""" Su mutely, touchlogly expressed; A {nrl that, if he love her yes ln\ v ith that l\l"l;fl'! l:f sariy years, ¢ 2 10 forgel T‘::{ I{urfl'-n love m’lku hidden teara. AndO|t ‘m msy coma to this: - R ‘That alf of earth at bis command He'd give for t‘iul une trapsient blise— The vanlsbed touch of 1hat wost hanal 18, M. E. Hazuon. . OCEAN'S REST. 0 From Gerwign of Goeihe.) !llc%n d-e‘:‘nl.nl GDKI water; Without motion reata the ba; be sailor Glasey surface spread s w. + Notas breezs {rom any volut; Deathlike stillooss of the grave] A\ 1o tha ;Aau deep :t:ui Wity * S10ux ¥ Bavsixaa