Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 1, 1878, Page 4

4 4 . Thye Taibame, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. DY WAIL—IN ADVA ally Edition, one year. Parixof & yeir. permo; 6unday Editior Doutle Siieet. atnrday Eattio: Ti-Weckly, one yea Fartsof avesr, per WERRLY EDI Onecopy, peryea Brecimen coptes sent tree. Give Post-Ofice eddrens {n fall Inclodlog Btate and County. Eemitiagees may be made elther by draft, express, Toat-Ofice order. or in reglatered letters, at our risk, TERMS TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS, T:stly, delivered, bunday excepted, 28 cents per week. '#1ly, delivered, Sanday (nclnded, 0 cente ner week. Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madtson and learborn-sta., Chicago, Nl Orders for the dellvery of Tux TRiRUXESt Evanston, Fugicwood, sod Hyde I'ark leftin the counting-rovm Wilreceive vromvt attention. e TRIBUNE BRANCU OFFICES. “TnE Coicaco TRINTNE has eatablished branch oficen for the receipt of subscrintionsand sdvertisements as 1ol 7 OT:K-~Noom 20 Tridune Buliding, ¥ T. Mc- Manager. 18, France—No. 10 Itug de is Grange-Dateliere. 11 Manren, Agent. LONDON, Eng.—Americen Exchange, 449 Strand. Hexny F. UILL1e, Age! BAN FRANCISCO, AMUSEMENTS. McFicker's Thentre, Madiron street, betwcen Dearborn snd State. **'A Celebrated Case,* by the Union Bquare Company, flooles’s Thentre. Randolph street, between Clark and LaSalle, Eopagemeut of J. K. Einmot. *'Frite." New Chleagn Theatre, Clark street, opposts Bherman flouse. Engage- ment of Ninon Duclos' Durlesque Troupe. **Little Do- Teep.” Haverly’s Theatro. Monroe street, corner of Dearborn. Engagement of Elrafy's Opera BoufTe Troupe. **Trip to tho Moon.” Colisoum Novelty Thentre, strect, opposite Court-Touse. Varlety ver- MONDAY, APRIL 1, 1878, In New York ou Baturday greonbacks wero worth 983@48¢ in gold and silver coin. The formidallo display of naval strongth mado by Germouy in the vicinity of Nica- ragaon ports proved too much for the weak nerves of (he lattor Government, nnd it bas accopted the conditions imposed in entisfac- tion of tha slight upon the honor and dig- Dity of the Gorman Empiro," Tho fact that Castenery persists in being candidato for Aldermon fu the Twelfth Ward shows bow much Lummerism dopends upon the clection being allowed to go by default. On a full voto that ward ouglit to give 2,500 majority againat CaxrpeLy, sud yet he ex- pecta to.bo elected bocauso of tho smallness of tho vote. ‘The publio will be gratified to know that the man IHoroex bas been forced by the unanimous voico of the peoplo of the Ninth Ward to withdraw ns a candidato. Thero aro two other candidates, however. aqually notorious, who have not withdrawn. Mc- Carrrey, in tho Seventcenth Ward, and Stour, in the Fifteenth Ward, must be voted down ot the polls. The Republicans of the Eighteenth Wara havo herotofore domonstrated their ability to send none but good ten to the Common Council, aadl they.cap,do it,pgain if thoy, ro-, spond to tho appeal of the Committeo of tho Republican Club, and *“turn out nnd vote, rain or shino,” 'Phe Republioau candidate for Allermnu, Br. James C. Dnooms, can beat his objectionablo Democratie opponont, Mr. Joxas, if tho voters of tho ward do their sharo, — It will bo n serions mistako for any citizen to take 1t for granted that * It will all como out right" to.morrow in any ward. Noth- ing is so uncertain na the result of an eloc. tion when the bulk of the voters do not vote, Lvery man in every ward should tako pains to 1ako things right by voting. It will not tako five minutes' time of any votar to go to the polls and vote, not only to olect n good man Alderman, but to defeat au improper person, ————— The town ticket put in nomination by the Republicana in West Chicago deserves the carpost support of every voter. Tho As. sessor, Mr, Cranx, hns proved by his past auceess that ho du n most competont and eftl. cient officer, who has done his duty la. boriounsly and faithfully. Buch & record is tho best guarnutee tho voter can have of {ho future, and the worst of all policies s to discard o public ofticer who hns performed his duties honestly and faithfnlly, Thero Lins beeu conslderable. weeding out of the disreputablo candidntes for Alder- men. This process has resulted not so much in forcing such candidates to withi. draw, a8 in practically oxeluding such wen from nny hopoe of success, Another prom. ising and hopeful sign i that thousands of substantial citizons of all parties will go to tho polls to-morrow, and, iguoring party uvominations, will vota for Aldermen upon tho personal merits, qualification, and capac. ity of tho candidates. It this fecling could becoma general, thera would La no dificulty in securing o respectable City Council, tion among tho voters of the First and Soc- ond Wards in order to frustrato tho machina. tions of tho disreputables in the clection of Aldermen, In tho First Ward, Mizr Evaxs, the Reformer who won distinction aa the recognized chiof of the SBouth 'own ballot. box stuffers, is ciroulating among the saloons aud working up a concerted movement to defeat the olection of the Hom, 3L F, Terex us Aldermon, Mixe Evans Lo never forgotten . nor forgiven the opin. ion given by Mr. Tuier upon the strength of which Mixe was ousted {rom the Bouth ‘l'own Collectorship, In the Becond Ward, Aize MoDonsrp, Geonox Escen, and Day WEDsTER are warshaling their coliorts to resiat the re-clection of Ald, Rtosexneno, the taxpayers' candidate. The only way to head off the disreputables is to make suro of outnumbering them with re. spectables, and this can bo dono if the busi. Less men oud property-owrers turn out per- sonally and attend to §f —— Bome difficulty Las becn oxperienced in obtaining a reliublo statemont of the pro- coedings of the Republican Scuatorial caucus of Baturday last, but it will probably be found that the dispatcheswhich we print this mozn- ing presont o falr aud tolerably accurate outline of what was said and doue, 1t secms certuin that the Benators did not decido to openly declare war or read the President out of tho Republican party, but rather to let tho Adwinistration severely alone and act unitedly in opposing the confirmation of any further Democratic appointees. It is dvident that the principal grievanco which is just laid at the door of the President is tho fact that he renders fio assistanco to Bena- tors who aro working for re-election, but lenves them to struggle along unaided by Federal patronage. -A number of tho Sona- tors aro suffering on account of this indifference to their fate, ond the others, deeply sympathizing with thelr unbappy predicamaent, join in expressing throngh the cnucus their disapproval of any Administration which devotes its nttention exclusively to the affairs of the Government and leaves tho Senators to look out for thomselves. It is thonght best to make no more open declarations of hostility nfter the manner of Benator Howe, bnt herentter to quiotly ignoro the President and his Cabinet 83 being in any mannor connected with the Ropublican party. This is what the Senn- torlal caucus calls a moderate course, and ono not calculated to injure the party's prospocts of anceess. Tha tona of Austrinn policy has nndergone o complete revolution within twonty-four lionrs, ovidently proving tle influence of re- markable efforts in behalf of the British Gov- orment, which, while not go well advortised as was (ha mission of TavaTiErP, haveyot en- tiroly discomfited that great diplomat. In. stend of securing the boon of an ensy complaisance on the part of Aus- trin with every nmbitious project of Russia, he carries homo tho alarming news that Aunstria will not nccept tho 8an Stefano treaty, nnd will immodintely moss her splen. did army of 400,000 soldiers on the **mili- tary frontier,” with n viow to tho forceful conservation of all Austro-Iungarian inter. ests. ‘This seoms to ba tho worst and most unexpected sot-back which Gonrscnarory has received, and, unless the active co-operation of Germany ba guarantcod to lhim at once, he shonld stop and think. However, the dispatahios annonnca that the wholo Servian srmy hina been put in motion in consequenco of Austria's attitude, and, a3 Sorvia acts at the bid of tho Muscovite, it would scom that Russin will not relax her grip on the throat of the Turk until she has herself boen se- verely pounded by tho bystanders. En. gland hins asgked and obtained permission of Groace to land nn expeditionary forco upon Tollonio roil. Tho painful picture of isola- tion which sho presonted to the world three days ago has been ontirely removed, and thera can be but little question of the imminent danger of Russia b the prosont momont. Turkey's attitude, in the event of a war with England, is ns yet an undotermined factor in the great problem, though the tonor of the advices scoms to bo that Russin canuot count upon auything less injarious than absolute noutrality upon tho pact of her late enomy. THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECIORAL LAW. Tt §s snid that the Joint Comumnitteo of the Senate and Honse of Represontatives on a ravision of tho Eloctoral laws have practical- 1y ngreed that tho presont method of electing the I'resident should be abandoned in favor of an clection by n moro direct vote of tho people, It is probable that this whole ques- tion will be bronght beforo Congress shortly, and there {3 renson to hope that a geucral discussfon will ovolve somo plan with more ndvantages and less dangors than aro inci- dent to the provailing systom, Tho objactions to the presont law aro fa. miliar to all just now, owing to the contro. versy which grow out of the Presidontinl .§lection of 1876. It hns Leen demonstrated more clearly than over beloro that n candi- date with nlarge tajority of tho popular vote may receive only a minority of tha Eloctoral votes, Whila the possibility of such n rosult must bave been apparent at the time tho plan was ngreed upon, its practical effect has been to impress a large portion of tho pooplo with its unfairness. Undor the pros- cut systom, succsssful fraudsin o single large city like New Yorl may determine tho chojco of Prosident against a vast popular majority. A fraudulent Domocratic majority in Now York City bLas frequontly carrded tho State, and in » Prosidential oleotlon it would givo 85 Electoral votos for Preaidont, which might ensily dotermine tho majority of Elcctornl votes, though the defeated candi. dato lad rocolved an enormons popular majority. In 1870 tho entiro Elcctornl vate wns 869; but eloven contiguons Statcs, with an oggregate popular majority of only a fow thousaud, might havo controlled a mujority thereof, whilo twenty-soven States, with p popular majority of Lalf a million, would have beon left with a minority of Tlectoral votos, Besides, the Electoral Col. lege, provided for undor tho ruling system, is now o moero fiction, The original purpose must have boen that tho States should sov- orally nolect a body of men, proportioned in uumbers to {he voting population, to repre. gont them in n froo and unconstrained choico of President. But custom has grown into tha force of a law in pledging each Eloctoral tickot to vote for certaln candidates for President and Vice-President, indicatod be. forchand by n party convention. Tha result is that 35 Electoral votes in New York, or 29 in Penusylvanls, miny ba absolutely secured by one party with a popular majority of ounly 100, while the Illinois Eleot- oral vota of 21, or tha Yowa Elcctoral vole of 11, for tho other party may ropresont a pop- ular majority of 50,000 or mors. It isim. possiblo to secura nuy equal distribution of the popular strength iu the cholcs of Prosi. dent, or any fraedom of action on tha part of thosowho are 1niscalled Prosidential Eleot. ors, undor tho presont spplication of the old syatem, It is stated that the Iouss Committes have agroed to roport in liouof the prescut law (1) that tho Tresident bo chosen for six Years, and bo ineligiblo for re-election, and (2) favorably to the adoption of tho Bucra. ruw plan of polling and counting the Elect. oral votes. Under this plan, each State ro- taind tho two votos to which it is entitled as o Btate under tho presont law, and theso two votes aro absolutely determined by tho 1aa. Jority of votes cast by the people of tho Statcs. To this extent, tho large and smnll Statos are placed on an equal foot. ing, as they ave in the Honate, While tliy equality is objoctionable on some ac. couuts, it would probably bo impracticablo to suggest any chango in this regard, sinco it would be impoasiblo to secure tho necessary ratification of three-fourths of tio States for @ constitutional swendment which should wipo out this recoguition of Btate equality between Delaware aud New York, or Ithode Island ond Pennsylvania. ‘The other Elect- toral votes of n State, equal to the Congres- sional representation, would be divided among the candidatos in proportion to their rolative strougth. The working of the systews cau bo best illustrated by showivg what would have boen the result in tho last ¢lection in the Btato of Iilinois if this plan Lad boen in operation, The aggvegate vote of Illinois ws 634,000, which would then THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: ‘MONDAY. APRIL 1, 1878, have beon east directly for the threo candi- dates ag follows : Hares.. Titnzx, Coorrn, Mr, Laves, having recoivod the largest number, wonld have roceived the two votes cast for tho State at large. Desides theso, thore wonld have been 19 Electoral votes to divide, Of theso the Hares popular vote of 278,232 wonld have given him 9 Electoral votes, with o fraction of 16,783 popular votes ovor,—29,101 votes hoing one.nineteenth of the whole. Mr. Trpex wonld have boen entitled to 8 votes, with a fraction of 25,313, Mr, Coorn actually received 17,233. Tho odd votes dotermined by tho fractional majorities would have beon givon, ono to ‘T1LoeN and one to Perza Coores, cach hav- ing a larger fraction than Iayes. The Electoral vots of Illinois would thon have stood: Harzs (Including the two State votes TILhEX. Coorxn, Total, Under would have been certified to Washington fn that ratio, instend of giving the ontire 21 votes to Haves, and such wonld hinve boen the enso In nll othor States, accord- ing to tho relativo monsnre of the popular vote, - Tha MonTox plan for a direct voto of the peoplo for President was to permit ¢ach Con- gresaional District to determineitsown Elect- oral voto Ly tho majority cast within the distriot, and have tho voton certified fn that proportion, tha two votes from the Stato at largo being determined by the mnjority of the whole State vote, When tho subjeot comes up for discussion, It is not unlikely that the Montox pian will also find carnest advoeacy. It is not the timo to discuss tho relotive merits of the different plans (among whicl {s one for electing threo Presidents, and another for aggrogating the entiro popu. lar voto of the country and determining tho choice by the majority so nscertained); but wo simply desired to rostato the case, so that it mny bo nnderstood when tho Committan roport ia made to Congress, which may bo expocted within a short time, T—————— JOHN BROWN AND GERRIT SMITH. We print this morning the hitherto un- published tostimony of Jonx Browx, Jn., respecting tho raid of Jons Browx at Har. por's Forry. The testimony was given by tho witness in tha libel snit of Gennir Santuc va. Pus Tasune Compnny, in the year 1567, aud its publication is now authorized by Mr. Drowy, having beon called for in the course of n controversy betweon the Rev. O. B, Frormyanax aud Gen, Jonx Coounane, ro- specting tho biography of Gruarr Surir writ. ten by the former. This biograpby in sub. stanco stated that Gennrr Sxrra had provious knowledge of tho character of the intended rad, to tho promotion of which it was proved nt the titno that ho had contributed monoy. Mr, Satrrit having repoatodly doniod that he had such provious knowledge, tho inferonce was protty broadly drawn that he had pre. varlcated. Qon., Joux CocimaNe, o nophow of Mr. Surrm, with moro zen! than disoration, rushed into print to nc. cuse Mr, FroTmmvomast of the most serious offonse a biograplier can commit, viz. : libel- ing the mnemory of the person whosa lifo he liad been employod to write, Mr. Frorurxansxthersuponenllodupon My, Honaoz Waite, who had takou tho teslimony of Jonn Brown, Jn., in tho above-mentioned libol suit, and Mr., F. B, Baxnory, who was ona of tho peraons arrestod, or sought to bo arreated, for complicity in tho Harper's Forry rid. Mr, Baxnony replied that Cocunaxe’s published lottor proved that ho know nothing at all about the mattor in con. troversy, aud that ho (Bsxnony) could ensily disprove his theories if it woro worth while, Tlo wonld refrain from dolog so at presont, in order to seo whethor Alr, Surrn's childron, who might be presumed to know tho facts and to be responsible for the biography, wonld eancol or materially alter Mr. Froru- ixouam's chapter sbout Jomr Iinoww., If thoy should do so, o (S8annony) would prob. ably think it neces:ry to tell the whole story. Mr. Wmre replied that the testi- mony of Joun Drows, Jr., In tho lawsuit proved that Geamr Sauru did kaow that Jonx Brown's plane contemplated o slave. insurroction in Virginin, at or near Ilarper's Ferry, and not o'mero contrivance to assist slaves to escape from bondago; and that he (8aurra) contributed monoy thereto with such knowledge. Then Con. Coclirane, rather 1ato in tho day, wroto to Jonn Broww, Jr., to find oul what tho facts wore, Mz Buowx replied that Generr Surru did have pre- vious Lnowledge of the character of the intendod rald, the object of which was to woizo upon varlous strongholds in tho Bouth, oue after another, to call the slaves thither, to subsist off the country, and to uso as much force as shonld be necessary to carry out tho general plan of making slave-property so insocure that the system must be abaudoued,—in other words, to make war on Blavery in the Bouthern Btatos ol et armie. Tho writor alio author- ized My, Wirre to furnish a copy of his tos- timony to Gon. Cooumaxg, or to publish it iu the newspapers at his option, 'The letter of Mr, linowy to Gen. Cocunane was pub- lighed in the Now York 7'ribune o short timo sinos, with somu very uucaudid head-lines, implying that it was a complote vindication of the memory of Genmr SaTi ogalust tho nupersions of Mr. Frotoivouax aud other evil-minded assallants.. Gon. Cocumank, however, did not seera to take that view of it. o Tho testimony of Mr, Jrowx in the law- suit, while not essontially difforont from his lotter to Gen. Cocunang, i3 moro explicit upon cortaln points, to which the interroga. tories of counsel were spocially directed; ond one of thoso relates to an interview which took place at Mr, Smira's house, in Petorboro, in the summer of 1858, at which the two Buowns (fatlier and son) und Genner Banru were proscut. Tho narrative of this interviow, aud tho subscquent hasty destruc. tion of all letters which could be fouud to identify Mr. Bauta as one of the parties to the raid, are amplo to vindicate Mr. Fuotn. 1vauaw, if any vindication was necessary, ageinst tho ill.considered atiack of Gen. Cocusaneand the unmanly iunuendoes of tho New York Z'ribune. The testimuony ucrves also to whied new light on the history of the rald, which has never yot been consecutively written, Pattingthe various scisps fogother which have been made public at different times, it seems to Lo pretty. well, catab. lished that a portion—ouly a sipalk portion— of thoso who were active in making' Kansay a free Btato in 1835.'50."57 were porsuaded by Jouy Brows to co-operate in g plan upon which ho had been meditating somo twenty years, to overthrow Slavery by local fnwur. roctions. Thoso who joined him at Harper's Forry wero mamnly Kansas fighting men; aad those who contributed money and arms bad all been zealous aud efficieut work- ery in the Free-Btate movement. 'They had thus como to know ¢ach other, and to know 78,232 ool Bnowx. DBrowx hbad made himself a terror to the Bordor-Rufllans and the slavoholders of Missouri, and had approved himself a fanatic, with an aptitude for arms and lead- orship which might, nnder favorable cir- cumstnnees, endow a Omomwrrrn. To any one {nclined to make n push against Slavery in the Blavo States, and who believed it fensible, no instrument so offective had over appeared in this conntry. A few exiremo men, who had greatly exaggorated the character and inteiligenco of tho slave- population, npon whosa spirit of enterpriso the auccess of the scheme must mainly de- pend, gave an ear to Brown's project, which was brewing a full year boforo the blow was struck at Ilarper's Ferry, It is amazing that so tramendous a seeret, intrustod to so many persons, could have beon kopt so long. Itis almost equally slrango that now, neatly twonty yoars after the ovent, so little should ho known of tho personnel and preparations for the raid. TH18 WEEK'S ELECTIONS. Tho last of tho apring elections take place this week, after which thoro will olapse a couple of months ere Oregon holds her State clection, an evong to bo followed by the Augnst contest in Alabama and Kontucky and the Soptember clections in Arkonsas, Maine, and Vermont; thon come the struggles of October and November, so doar and awful to the American frecman. To-morrow Wisconsin elects two Asaociate Juaticos of the Bupreme Conrt, in secordanco with tho requiroments of the constitutional amondment adopted last Novembor,—an amendment of whick, by the way, our Now York namesake’s Almanne tnkes no moro notico than it does of thoso voted on in Massachusotts, Minncsota, ete.,—incronsing the number of Justices of the Bupremo Court from throa to five. In nccordanco with n practico which is bocoming popular in tho West, and has much to commend it, this judicinl election is practically romoved from the sphere of party politics by the nomination by the Ropublicans of one con- didnte, Davip Tavron, for two years, and ly tho Democrats of nnother, Hanrow B, Ontox, for four. Circuit Judges will also Lo oleetod in tho Third, Seventh, Eighth, and Ninth Circuits. Rhodo Island will choose her 8tato oficors on Wadnosday, There are threo tickots in flold, representing four parties, tho Prohibi. tiontsts having preceded the Republicans in the ronomination of all the prosent Btate ofticiale, These tiokots are aa follows: Rep'nand Pro. Democratic. Greenback. Governor. C. C.VANZaNDT, LLawnesce, Wus. Fosren,Jn. Licutenant-Governot. A.C nuvunn.s ‘Tiog, J, I, Hazano, ecrelaty of State, J.M. Appxxax. 1L1L Ttoninsox, I, ArpLezo, W. F. Sarss, ttorney-General, Cuas, [T, Pace, * Gaoneral Trcasucer, Sawtee Crang. T, W, Sxuan. A, B, Monsz. ‘The Groenback or Nationgl Convention did not nominata a candidate for Attornoy- General becauso tho party Convention didn't contain a lawyer, and only a lawyer is eligi- ble. The Republicans, in accordance with their usual custom, ndoptod no resolutions, but Gov, Vax Zasor, when Mr. Hayes visited tho State, culogized In the warmest terms tho President and his policy. The Domo- cratio platform reaffirms the St. Louis plat. form of 1870; denounces upon tho Repub. licans stern retribution for ‘“tho groat na- tional orimo by which the peoplo were de- franded of their rights”; congratulates the South on its delivoranco from carpot-bag rule through tho adoption of Democratio prin. ciples by tho de fucto National Administra- tion, and oympathizes with the Loulsinna Denderats in thoir, attempta to securo tho punisbmont of tho Returning Board offictals; opposes subsidies, favors tarifl reform, and domanda for thedisfranchised follow-citizons of the Stato tho oxteusion of tho same Fad- oral guarantee of their right of sulfrage which ia nccorded undor the Fifteenth Amendmont to the emancipated slaves of the South, Tho voto of Rhode Island last yoar was: Republican, 12,4653 Domocratlo, 11,783 ; Greenbaok, 77; scattoring, 141; Republican majority,—a clear wmajority of the popular voto is requisito,—46t. DanvNapy, tho then Democratic nomineo, conducted a **still- hunt,” and, by paying the taxes of a largo numbor of voters at tho last moment, gob 1,071 votes more than TiuoeN had in 1876, and camo within an ace of carrying the State. In November, 1870, Haves had 6,076 ma- Jority, tho contest being about na fair a test of party strongth as could be desired. At tho April cloction thero were throe tickets in the fleld, the Probibitionist opposition to Lreprrr throwing the cholce of Governor into the Legislature, which was strongly Re- publican. Banvaor was this year renom. innted, but declined tho honor. Qs the nominee, Mr. Isaac Lawnexce, {s a son of Wirriax Beaon Lawzesce, and both ho and his fathor have beon ot work vigorously, the Ropublicans may bo more closely pressed than usual, though thero ia not even a remoto likoliliood of their being caught napping two yeans in succesaion, 'The Greonbaok ticket, to judge from the Conventlon which nom. inated it, will not be any more formidabla than it wos a yoar ago, LICHT BREAKS IN THE BAST, Daring tho laat ten days the mombers of the Cnstoms Investigation Commission have boen closeted in the privato offico of tho Collector, taking testimony, 'Tho expressed desiro of tho Commission and the Custom. 1lonse officlals, that the inquiry should be conducted in strict privacy, has been ro. spocted by the pross, and, so far as the pub. lio {3 concerned, tho proccedings of the in. vestigation aro o sealed book, Thore was & startling interruption of the silence, which Liad become almost oppressivo, Saturday, in the form of a dispateh to the Journal from Washington aunouucing the fact that the Tou, Wirriau llexnny S:uty, Collector, had tondored his resigaation. Tho reasons as. sigued aro disgust on the part of the Col. Icctor ot the publication by Mr. IL. I, Jaues, Chief Clork in the Customs Division of the ‘Treasury Department, of extracts from his private lettors to Secrotary Suenaraw, and dis. satisfaction on account of tho alleged failure of the Treasury Department to sustain him in his Gght ngoiust the New York customs rivg. ‘Tho dispatch concluded with the gratifying futelligence that Mr. Baurn is ro- gorded @y a very cficiont officor by the President and Secrotary Snesaan, and that his resigoation will not bo accepted, The outcome is exccedingly favorable, but the fact of the summary action of Mr. Collector Bairn shows plainly onough that there has been sowo Lard frictlon, and that the con. test with tho rogues of the New York ring verged closely on hopeless shipwreck. No doubt, Mr., Barru was disgusted at the want of co-operation on tho pars of the Treasury Department While Mr, Jayxs retaing the helw, it ianot to be expocted that the Departmsnt will sustain u contest against tho corrupt scoundrels who infest the pur. licus of thy Nuvw York Custom-House, His report to Secretary Burnuay was & subtle _lu silver than In gold, Thero aro soveral davice to poison the mind of his chief against the instigators of the investigation, and oven to rouse suspicion in his mind agninst Lis old and Lrasted friend, Mr, S8miti, Mr. Jamus said : **1 asaume, from what I know, that the foeling of the West agninst tho East has, to n great extent, grown up sinco tho depression in business commanced, some three or fonr years ago,” This was an fo. genious attempt to distract attention from the real to n falso issue., Of conrso Alr. Jauzs knew nothing of the feeliug ho assum. ed to dosoribe, because no such feoling exists. DBut if he conld convince Mr, Bnzs- X that the contest inaugurated in Chicago agninst tho New York ring had its origin in soctional jealousy and animosity, Mr, James would thus socture o strong position. That point fixed in the mind of the Beorotary, aud the control of the investigation would ensily fallinto tho handa of Mr. Jaes, with tho power to crush it orto let it die of nog- lect. Mr. Jaurs made the venturo,~—made it boldly. Ho embodied in his report ex. tracts from Mr. Burrn's most private and confidontin! communications to Mr. Bura. anx to show to the writey of thom that Lo held the reins of power in his own houds; oud then Lo coolly sent his roport to press that the public might also be informed that the Secretary of the Treasury had no secrats too eacred to be intrusted to lnm. Ho quite logically concluded that Mr. Surrm would send no more confidontial communicationa to Mr. Snenaan. But ho failed to compre- hend the tempoer of Mr. Collector 8urrir, e could not be expected to understand aright tho charnoter of a man who possessod tho determination to fight an honest battle for roform to tho bitter ond, and tho moral courage to resign if ho found the way blocked aither Ly accidont or design of his suporiors. Tux TaouNe comprebonded the magni- tade and difficulty of tho task of correcting frouda in the Now York Custom-Tiouso from tho start. Buch n contest requires moral courago and physical endurance of the high- est ordor, Mr. Janes’' roport wes o bold conspiracy to thwart the investigation in its very incoption. It Lns failed lamentably, and tho firet fruita of jts failure should Lo the prompt romaval of Mr. Jaxes, lie has violated the confidenco of his superior, and insalted tho chief promoter of the investi- gotion, He is a stumbling-block in tho way of reform, and his humblest promisss of amendmont shonld by no moans savo him from official decapitation. ‘The protpt action of Mr, Collector Ssrra, on tha part of the United Biates to draw gold from tho Europoan supply for the rosump- tion of specle paymonts, and to keep n suf- ficiont roserva in the faco of the hostilo finan- ciering of Europe. Tho silver ket, too, would gain greatly in steadincas. Those viewsof an advocato of the gold standard will attract ditontion for thoir candor, and for tho ndmission that the United Statos, in romonstizing ailver, liave done the right thing, and the best thing for themselves. BAM TILDEN'S INCOME-TAX. The decision of Judge Braranronn, of the Bonthern District of New York, that Baxuven J. TiLoen must pay tho income.tax out of which ho has chiseled the Governmont, ia ona that must mortify the * frionds " 6¢ this professional ‘‘roformer.” It will Le recol- lectod thet, when it was charged In 1870 that the ** Usufruct” had cheated the Governmnant ont of nine-tenths of his income-tax, there wns o vociforous donfal put forth by the Domocratio press and politiciana from Maine to Texas, The Republicans were denouncod as malicious libelers for alleging such a thing ngainst 8o puro, honest, and upright o *'re. former” ns Sawvuzr J. Tivoey, It was said by tho Domoeratio londers that the income. tax charge wss invented for partisan pur- posos, and should bo robuked at the polls, Therois little doubt that the chinrge, although strictly true, belped TiLoeN, 0s many persons thought that it was o malicions attempt to smirol his character; ho was regarded ns o persecuted, maligned man, and the reaction in lus favor made him many votos. It was also nsserted by tho wholo Demo- cratic press and stumpors that the ohargo, having boon made for clection purposes, would nover bo renowed after the politieal campaign had ended, but would be dropped out of sight. But all thoso nssertions wore lies. The District-Altorney continued to prosecuto the cate, Tioxx twisted and squirmed; pleaded tho statute of limitations; contended that ho wag not bound by law to mako a roturn under oath; thatthe Assossors having guessed at the amount of his incoma when ho paid the tax on guch guess, that was tho ond of tho matter, and the actual amount of his income conld not be inquired into snbsequontly, and various othor pleas and protexta, . 5 Tho Democeratic pross havo latoly started tho story that tho case had boen thrown out of court by Judge Bratcuronp ns frivolous and malicious, and they have chuckled huge- ly over this supposed inglorious tenn!nnuan in toudering hig resignation whon ho could [ of the suit. But tho story wes o uo longoer sarve tho purposes of tho investi. | falschood Judge Brarcuromp, so far gation which Lohad demandedin tho intorest | from throwing out the suit, has declded that tha *“roformer” Tiuoen must «pny tho amount of tax out of which ho do- frauded tho Clovernment. In other words, lio must whack up with his Uncle a portion of the proceeds of his railroad wrecking. Judgo Bratourono's declsion goes to the point that the action of the Assessors in the matter of a tax of tho nature -of income.tax is neithor in law nor equity conclusive against tho Governmont, on the grounds that tho Asscssor lncked all the charactoristics of o judicial officer. ‘‘His jurisdiction was very narrow. Ilis powers wero only called in play to cnable the Governmont to over como tho negloct or the rosistanco of tha taxpayor. Ifv wes in oll ossentials dn ad- ministrativo oficer, not liearing counsol or oxamining witnesses, or adjudicating die. puted points, but procecding by e&x parts ex- nmination to mako an ‘estimato’ of tho taxpayer’s linbility, and furnishing the Gov- ermmnont with o tentativa baals of ‘action,” Roviowing the doclsion of tho Court, tho Now York Z1imes rostates Tuoex's incomo during the yeard he swindled tho Governmont out of its lawful ducs as followa : The ‘case fu also intorosting on account of tho large smount of monoy {nvolved Init. Bottin; of the public service, liftsthe contest agalnst the Now York customs ring into such prominance that it can no longer be ignored in any place, high or low. And tho rofusal of the President and tho Socretary of tho ‘Ironsury to sccopt Mr, Barrn's resignation commits them to an unroserved support of tho pending investigation, THE REMONETIZATION OF SILVER. Prof. EnwiN Nasse, whose ablo work on onrly property in English lond is so highly pralsed by Mawe in his *Village Communities,” has an article of unusual in- torest in the last volumo of HorTzexponrr's Jahrbuch, published in Loipsic, on * Bi. metallism and the Question of the SBtandards in tho United Btates.” Tho paper is in two parta. The firat prosonts, with groat fair. ness, tho viows of both sldes in tho dobate about bimotalliam, asnd the soc- ond trests of tho intorests of tho United States, and of tho intercsts of the eivilized world genernlly in the notion of the United Blatos, with rogard to the money standard. ‘Tho article was ovidently written before tho passags of tho Awrttsox Silver law, sud tho debato t> which tho |mide i fret count, &hl;hosn)led for g 1az v i1, [ no ), 000 first part s given ia now olosod. | Tuua, und which was sec Aaldg by h Court) wo Prof. Nassz i3 an advocato of tho single gold standard; but ho declares unequivocally that n decision by the United Btates to reinstate Liave eloven other counts, the defores to which a not sustained by the Court, Thesa counts clalmod for the Guvernment taxes for tlo years on'(lio o come aud for the nmounts below recit silver in its money systom could bo graoted o Year 1903 on $1355:0%0 & 8 FeF Sont, 838 only with joy. Ha doplores tho tondeney Pored of Europenns to nsoribo tho silver agitation b prinoipally to thoso silver-producers who o havo o diroct pecunlary interost in the yleld 85.5% of the motal. Thero are, lio says, other and '3:% botter intorests which have givon tho silver %8, 142 party its strength, and which must be ad- mitted to havoe o right to bo considered. Ono of theso ig tho ruinous pressure which has beon exerted upon debtors by tho approciation of our paper monoy, These havo o right to domand that, aftor they have boen strained to the point of collapse by o riso in the valup of the dollar from 80 couts to near 100 conts, thoy shall not be racked by tho destruction of their option to pay in silver, if that be chespor than gold. If, says Nassz, the de- cline of prices has produced tho greatest calamitios In Europo, which has a specle basis, what must tho losses and sufferings liave boen in the United Btates, where the change in the value of paper money was going on simultaucously with tho world. wide distressing depreciation of prices. Another Amer{can argumont of which Nasaz admita the forco is that tho acenmulation of coin {or the resumption of specie payments will causo much lesa trouble and disturbance it in silvor than If in gold. The gold that can ba sparcd by Europo without a monctary crisls is so small that the United States would find it 8 good deal casler to resume m that the tax for which the $139, 142, and thal _the in. como vn wuich it {s claimed to e due 1 $2,008, - 0U0, coveriog a mlodin! ton yeare. The pulitical view of the niatler nia¥ now bo dismisscd with the »imple obsoryation that the vresentdocivlon dogsnot leava the Deniocracy auvy special reason 1o ho proud of thelr candidate or of their or his nowspapers, Bonator Bramg took tho grounds that the Fishery award, to be binding, must roceivo the unanimous approval of the arbitrators, and cited British precodents to sustain this posi. tion, The London T¥mes, commenting on this speoch, wound up with the objurgation that a refusal’ to poy the packed court award “would stawmp Amecrican policy with the double discredit of imneauucss and triekl- ness,” DBraxe rotorted upon tho * Thun. dorer,” by quoting from tho T'fmes itself of July 6, 1877, this declarations *+ On every point that comes beforo the Pishary Commlsslon Tor declsion, (Ae unanimous content or all of Uta membel hl the terme of the treaty necessury Uefore un authorifative verdict can be given," " And the 7irmes thon pulnts put she differ- ence Letwaen the Geneva Tribunsl snd the Commivajon, showing that u najorlty could dec at Geneva, but aflirming that the United Stal would havo a rulul righit to dgmand unsaimity {u Ahio verdict at lalitax. ‘Wa should like to soe the processby which tho Londou Z¥mes oxtracts that fish-bona from its throat. DBut Braivz did not stop with this clincher on that Biitish organ, but dgove iu another spike in o suro place, when he ciled the authority of the Canadian Min. istor of Justico in support of tho same po- sition, that unanimity wosnecessary to make tho award binding on sither party, Said hes 1t 1 als0 well known that the Halifox Commis- slon was discussed by the Cansdian Mloletry in 1476, after the negotiations for o Meclprocily ‘Freaty bud fafled. Ou that occaston, Mr, Braxe, tbe Minister of Justlce, sewmarked that *%the amount uf compensation we shall recelva must be an amount undnimovaly agreed wpon by ths Com- misatoners. Aftor that it will require some * cheok " algoumstances which givo grent force to tho feara of the United States that resumption In gold alono would subject the counntry to violent financial panics, It the withdrawnl of the gold from London embarrassed Brit- ish finances, tho reaction upon America would be jmmediste and disastrous, The Unitod States have no great central bank like the Bank of Eugland, the Bank of France, or the Imperial Bauk of Germany, to protect their tercsts in such cases, The silvor staudard s a protection to thia country against such perils from abroad. Our silver is not wanted there, and consequently our banking roserves canuot ba depleted to ro. plenish thoso of Europe, In Nasse's opin- 10n, the gold standard in this conntry would prolong tho era of irredecuable paper and increase the chances of aroturu to it, The cowmercial advantages this country, by using silver, would gain in its intercourso with Clina and Japan are admitted. Our author does not beliove the silver market is likely to suffer any further decline, especinlly if ailver is used in the United Btatds as standard money. Tho American dollar will not only ba the ciroulating modium in this rapldly-develop- ing country, but will pass intouss extonaively in Bouth America and Asla, with great effect on the prico of eilver. Nuisse concodes tho right to pay Govornment bonds in silver, but thinks it would be very Inexpedient. His conclusion is that tho best thing that could happen for the gencral commercial welfars of tho world would be tho rosto- ration of the silver dollar to its place in American currency. That ovent would prevent many disturbances in the money market which would result from an attempt Job is uot satisfiod and tho monoy pald, itwill wtamp the American policy with monuness and trickinces ! e —— The torrid Sun has discovered another mon- strous leak: this time lo tho advertisiog de- partment of the Post-Oflice. 1t says: 11 known that newspupers that live o Gg::‘m‘";nnl pap bave pllnudp-‘:plhulr nesds udwt': \l-lnr rates which ara churged %nml the Qovern» mentonly; that they make 250 per cent disconnt on thesy 7atos to private advertisars, Two bundred and fifty per cent dlscount s pretty stcepi wo never take more than 100 per cent discount off, even of ?pu of the Sun's con- tributlons to unwritten bistory. Newspapers of this class, that printa dollar sdvertiscment fora customer free, aod give bin $L.50 fu cash be- sides, would nced to bave s good deal of Gov- crament pap to torive, e —rt——— The New York Graphic has opened s now campaign, aud {s vigorously shelllog the lawycrs as a fraternity, It chorzes them with manufac- turiog laws to bo plcked to pleces, with framing statutes purposcly obscure or defective, with subyerting justice by legal techolcalitics and quibbles, with workingup frauduleut sud black- wall suits, with practiciug champerty and wmaln- teuusce, sud of sssafliog wills and titles for to repeat tho statement that if this put-up contingent fecs. It takes this passs tu‘r: for its text, and they fircs nway burdenn Sricvats o b prne.” Jag 310 men wity tanch ok e bardune' witl oe”af 5 s pagr mm unto youl—CAritlon laicyers, Lule, af,° 10, i — .t BT, LOUIY' CURIOU3 VOTE. Our estimable audl compbratively Tumeroy, fricnds of 8t. Louls have, with the nmmln, vernal resurrection of Nature, put forsh lheIE tender Directory as the fig-tree puttety forth ber tenderleaves. Like most works of fletlon, 1t In pleasant reading; we propose to cllmln‘ the claims of our sister city—if we may by .1? lowed the expression—to o population of 50de 80 of Berip. ‘Whenever a 8t. Loutsan 1s compelled by can. dor to ndmit that Sgures In directorles way e, 1n spite of the popular saying to the contrar, 4 he talis back upon the Federal census of muu,' prove that authentic reports sustaly the clajmy of his city tos population superior to tha of Chicsgo In numbers. We will, therefore, meet our friends upon that favorable ground, taking as the other factor in the caleulation the yorg for Prestdent In 1876, when the full votng atreogth of the country was certalnly broughy rut. The vote of the thirty-cieht States was 8,411,136; thelr populationin 1870 waa 23,165,205, A short calculation shows us tbat in the wholg Uulfon the ratlo of votes to populationtyas gy 1 to 4.54 nearly. 1llinols, credited with a popula. tlon of 2,539,801, cast 654,008 votes, the ratiobe. ing 1in 458, Thia so neariy cotncides with ye proportion observed fn tho whole Unfon thyy wa oro safo in nssuming that the vote of thy State was not excessively large. The voting streagth of large cltles—despite the common bellef- to the contrary—(s losy 1Y propurtion to popudation than that of the rypy districts, or wholo country, because the citicy contaln a large population of allens, floating population the members of which lave not age «quired by residence the right to vote tuere, and aweaithy class which does uot exerclse the right of suffrage. Taklog the sevencities which in 1870 wero returned a5 posscssing each mors * than a quarter of o milllon fnhabitants,—New York, Philadoiphia, Brooklyn, Baltimore, Bog. ton, Chlcago, and 8t. Louls,—wc find that s urban population in 1870 of 8,140,134 cast 50, 409 votes, or 1 vote to 5.22, Leaving out Chie cago and Bt. Louls, we havo 400,017 votes 1o 2,630,202 inhabitants, o ratlo of 1 t0 615, Tak. Iug tho citics {n detall we have tha following showing: Citter, Pop, 1370, Fole1870. Ratio—1 1 Now York, Biz 505 | 171, 580 i Philadelphi 074,023 130,218 et Brooklyh 300,000 1,040 et +4207,354 54,280 4.03 WRE0,620 44120 XY Of course the reader will not undorstand us as saying that of every 549 persons now In New York Clty, 100 aro votcrs who excrelse the right of suffrage: the proportion is between the population of 1870 and the voto of 1370, The population since 1870 has largely fncreased,—It must have, for eighteen montha ago there wera 8,411,180 votes cast by & populatiun which o 1870 centained less than 8,000,000 voters,—o that, perhaps, tharatiols1toGor?. Let ue now look at thoe caso of Chicago. With o population In 1870 of 203,077, she cast In 1376, for President, 62,233 votes, tha ratlo being 1 to 4.80, which fs within o fraction of the pro- portlon recorded In Philadelpbia, Brooklyn, and Baltimore. That this was no cxceptionally large vote appears from the fact that at the spring clectlon, five mouths later, when thera was neither a Presidential nor & Congreastonal clection to call out & full vote, there wero polled for Mayor 50,310 votes. Tho vote of Lllinols in proportion to populntion dil mot, therefore, excced tho average of the country; the voto of Chicago was not excentlonally large, and the percentaze of votes to iubabitaots cotucided atmost oxactly with that of Hepab- llcan Philadelphia, Democratic Baltimoro and Bruoklyn, where the two partics have just equal strength. There Is nothing unreasonable about our vote ns an Index of population. Finally, lct us toke up tho case of Bt. Louts, With, 1o 1870, o population of 310,804, she cast in 1876 a vota ot 40,034, the ratio of votesto population belng 1 to 770. -In other wurds while in the Gve great Easteru citfos 100 votes * arecast in nnarsa where there were 515 resk dents fo 1870, In 8t. Louls only 100 voters ard found among 770 jobabitents. The city whers the next highost ratio fs moted fs Bostou, acd botween Bostou and 8t. Louts tho difcrencels almost 87 per cont, How strange that [nouly onecity in the Unlon this phenumeuon should Le observablo! \We observe, too, that the Mis sourl State consua of 1870 stiows, s compsred with the Fedora) coumeration of 1870, & popus Iatfon of 2,085,637, or & gain of Y04,2(2. AsSL Louls claims to have galned 182,821 fuhabitauts, thera is only left an {ocrense of 151,421 souls to represent the Increment fn tho rematnfog threo quarters of the State by Immicration, the growth of such citlcs as Kansas City, and the oxcess of births over deaths. Ilow strange that Missouri should bave put all Ler galn of popue Jatlon where it would do most goodto St Louls! Last year a New York Republican Bonator named WoobIN was so aadly swirched by Twaep's dlsclosures that he lod to bowith drawn oo tho eve of tle clection. Hisplacs was taken by cx-Speaker Poxeroy, Benator PouEroY had last week to cxplain his vote for acquitting CONKLING'S creature, BMYTY, aod ln. dotng 80 he spuke of the “lovely spirlt of conr ciliation which s casting sucti & halo of stupid- fty around the Admintstration of our belored Prealdent.” JAY QOULD'S Trlbune saystbst “many present doubtless remembered thit Sopator YOMEROY was temporary Chalrnan of the Clociunat] Convention that uominated Mr. Haves for Prestdent” Ho was, tndeed, aod tho permancat President was the cdlior of the Tribune's Almanae, Mr, EDWanD Mcluzniot Wo dou't suppose that anything elther of thet could say against afr. Havxs would couat for much, a8 Mr, Poxxnor was mado Chalrmaa in CoNELING'S Intorcst snd Mr. McPirzasos Io Jix BLawse's, Ho far from their having had 0y sharo fn Mr. 1laxxs' nomination, they did alt they could to prevent it. JaY Goutd should eluk somo bralos in the Tribune, [ The Washington Post speaks sadly of * fnd- sna, whero the Democrats ooly elected four out of the thirteen members (of Congress), llls“l!"’l thoy carried the State by o mejority of 8,000/ thas leaving us to infer that it regards gersy: mandertug with dlstavor, Within twelve lioed of Itssuppressed Indlznation wo coud across tho assurauce that fn * Missour] four seats s Alled by Kepublicans who are absolutely certsia 10 be replaced by Democruts, us the Lesislaturt of that Stale has redistricled the Stals with IMI' view. Thisls amlably frank, for thisgrad Vr four seats will leave the 145,000 Republicans O Mussourl without one Representative. Tlflm ssysthe Posf, *In Ohio the Leglstature 'l o probably also redistrict the State; but eved l‘ Ly does not, the Democrats must kaln this fal s least one or two seuts,” cte. Tho luuuunmy” gerrymanderlog scems tu depend fva m:n:“ upou the political complexion of the Leglula that gersymanders. e — Mr. [IENDRICES says, with the sternnes! olfl ='r whole legion of Roman fathers, that 0o m]t 2l where fraud ix discovered It should be re :"’ lessly cxposed aud punished. Reforo, hu‘ e —forclog & sad smile to bide the paugs umal' bleeding heart,—reform fs uecessary,and 0o i ter wha the culprit may be, were be eved il HsxDRICKS' dearest filend, or bls wmv:: i on the Dewocratic Natlonal tieket of lszfi.“‘ ol is proved gulity ho sbould uot bo peru tu sl escave condigu punishment, Tben he fluodm fow bandsprings, stands on bis besd, aud Lis beels, to testify bls sorrow. man, b e — According to its faithiul Directory Louls bas, &All bave, may or can have, oF ;}-I!‘h'h could, would, or sbould have, this yesr o 'r i fobabitants, whichi be sgys ‘*is not muc P 1ncresse, but isa good deal better thans i offt.” “Not much of su fncrease”! W hy-w’ {ng the uuwmber of nomes iu his own Dlr:;l i for 1877, aud multiplyiug them by nn:' et tio of 8}, the population of Bt. Louts bas o fn the year fncreased 119,900, It “655 W that St Louls® showing for 1878 of wl einl 18,250 bebind our showlugo! 1877, but, ¥ i