Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 23, 1878, Page 9

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, MARCH , 1878—TWELVE PAGES, LITERATUR History of Instrumental As- tronomy---How to Elect a President, Ingersoll, Beaoher,and Dogma---Hig- tory of Latin Literature-- A Russian Story, Literary and Art Ttems.-Tho ¢ Portfollo ”---Killing na Peceary in Texas, Weeping Trees-=-Penguins===The Souffiere Birds-=Brief Scientific Notes. LITERATURE. INSTRUMENTAL A!T‘RONRDMY. JAZING: PAsT AND Preszxr, Dy J. Non- flfl&‘l.ntfi\’:‘n F. R, 8., Correspondent of the imtitate of France. Expanded from Shorthand Nutes of n Couitae of Ropal.fustitation Lectucos, with the Aslatanco of G, M. Smannorx, F, L. A. 8, Lonuon: Macmillan & Co. Chieago: Jan- yen, McClurg & Co, Hvo., pp. 400, Price, Mr. Lockyer, an_eminent authority on the subject, has given in this volume a lucid and [nteresting history of instrumental astronomy, beginnlog with the carliest data afforded by the anclents, and concluding with the latest inven. tions of modern science to securs perfect and completo results fn the work of atargazing. The subject 1s divided into six parts, which treat respectively of the pro-telescople nge, tho telescone, time and spaco measurcs, modern merfdianal observations, the equatorial, and as- tronom{cal phyelca. . Inthe first section, conclscly sketching the fnstrumonts deslgned for tho development of astronoiny down to the azo of Copernicus and Galilco, lica that portion of the history of chief interest to tho untechnical reader. In the old time, Mr. Lockyer tolls us, the only {nstrument koown to tho studont of the hcavens was the ‘horizon, which, {n a land of extended plafns and {solated hills, was not a bad one. Restricted to this, the rst observations were limited to such occurrences a3 tho rising and sotting of the stars, and tho relativo nppgrent distances of the neavenly bodies from cach other. Tho next observations were probably of the conjunctions of the plancts and of cellpses, The record of 073 solar and 832 lunar cclipsea is sald to have been mado by the Egyptians during a perfod of from 1,200 t0 1,300 years. ‘The Chinese record- &l an observation of five plancts fn conjunction between 2514 and 2436 B. C. There Is evidence that the Chaldeans observed the miotion of the moou, and there {s even & record of an observa- tlon in 2237 B, C,, but the accuracy ol the date Is suspected, +In this Infant age of astronomy, all tho opera- tlous of the navigator and the agriculturist were regulated by the risig and sctting of tha stars, In Egypt, tho year began when Sirius, tho dog- star, rose with the sun,—the day bclnz catled the first of the month Thoth, Mr. Lockyor con- widers that the pyramid may bo regarded as the next astronomical lnstrument to ‘the horizon, and that it was used probably for thadetermina- tion with especlal nicety of the culminations of the stars. Following observations of this sfn- plocharacter came the mapping of the stars,—a work which was performed by Autolycus, three and o balf conturles before Chirist. To thia na- tronomer, and to Euclkl, who flourished about the same tima (300 B, C.), we owo the first geo- metrival cuncuruunl counceted with the appa- rent inations of the stars, The oldest astronomlcal instrument was called the Gnomon, It 18 sald to bave been known to the Chineso In tho timeof the Emperor Yno, 2300 . C.; but the Greeks fivst learncd its uso in the time of Thales, about 885 B, C. The pur- pose of tho Instrument was to determine the suu's altitudo in order to fix the solstices, During all this eurlg verfod, the ancionts divid- ed the day, which begnn at sunrise and ended at sunact, Into twelyo hours; and these varied in iength with the changing scasona, being long In sumnicr and short in winter, A considerablo adsance in astronomy was made after the build- fng of the vast and mognlficent museum at Al- cxandria, where observatlons were extensively carried on. 1L was here, fu tho third century beforo Cirist, that a catalogus of the atars was made, giving thelr positions with refercnce to the sun’s path, or ccliptic. The (inomon was now superseded by the Ecarphie, which was used by Eratosthenea to tueastire the slze of the carth and the inclina. tlan of the eclintic to the equator. Tho division of the circlo luto 800 degrees ovcurred ' soon after, and resuited in the fixing of the longth of the year, Tho groatcat of tha starguzers of ntiquity were fliparchus and Ptolemy: ine deed, tq,the former is ziven uu{- honoravlénaine of “the Futher of Astronomy.” It was o who fuvented the Astrolabe, by which he was on- abled to mensure latitudo and longitudo fnstead of declination and tight ascenslun,—io other Rords, to measure slong the celiptic inatead of the cquator, ‘Tho use of tho Astrolabo led to the most fuiportant discovery of the old astron- omers,—the precesslon of the equinoxes, In addition to this instrument, Ptolemy mode use of the Parallatic Rules, by which Lo observed with great accuracy the position of the moon. Hipparchus and Prolemy wore tho first to cons sitruct triconometrical tables; but the great want of thelr agc, as of many centurics after, ;‘n's nmnndmifiu of mnuexlrlnnuumo l\vuh pres jun, and this was not found unti! Ilu;‘x ofLm(bx‘ pendulum, s Bt piop- r. Lovkyer passvs over the astronomy ol Perstuns aud Araba as belng lttle in ndv:n:a":)‘: Hipparchus and Plolery, and takes next Iy tourso tho tmprovemonta offocted in astronomi- oc! cal instruments by Tyclio Brahe, a Danish noblo- ‘;“B\Vh t ian and devoted student of seience, ipparchus was to the astron I edto work, Hu was born at Kuudstborp, near Nelsingberg, fn Bweden, fn 1540, and went to tho Uulvenlq ot Copeulagen to prepare to Study law, While there, be wus 80 struck with the prediction of an ccltvse of the enn by the utrological almanacs that hie gave all his spare tims to tho study of astronomy. In 1503 h uncle died, and ‘ho Brahe feil futopo: Ot aae of lils uncles estates; and, 08 astronoumsy, or astrolory as It was then called, was thought degradlug to a may in his position by his frionds, who took offensa ot iy pursuits and made thonys selves very oblectionable, bo lefu for o short stay at Wittenberg, then woot to Rostock, and Mterwards to Augsuurg, whera he constructed bia lurge quodrant, o’ returued to his oid fouutry fo 1571, While there, Frederick IT., Biug ot "Donmark, requested’ him to doliver A, coursy of lectures ou astronomy aud _lrumluzy. aud beeaino his inost liberal patron. b:w Klug' granted to Tycbo Brahe for life thy bland o Huen, lying betweey Denmurk wod Weden, and butly there o wuguificent ob- servatory and apartments for ‘Lycho, his os- sstants,'and servants, The maln ullJlm: was tixty feot aquare, with obaerving towers on the ,li.fll"l sad souf ud a library and museym, Yo called gl Urauiberg, tho City of cavens; and ho afterwards bullt a smaller 3 ervatory uear, called Stornberg,~City of the tars,—tha foruier bolng fusutticlent 1o contain l:‘i‘_d.mln:menu‘" s Wonty-uue years *i!'-mmrkk H.’ Unn’\bu-'L ek 11, meol aad y f0 1333," he on cho Brabio pursued ut, at the deuth of loat the encourage- support of bis munlicensy friend, 1V., who pow came to tho Danishi uf‘m' had tespect for the labors of the oronumer, sud withdrew from bim tho peus I.:‘n. estate, and canonry with which he had T, ‘; ¢tudowed. Reseuting this treatwmeunt, wicbo weat to Wandorsburi lu 1597, whero ho ';l tho wuest of Count Henry Ratzan, and mf: e wrote and published the * Astron- oy lustauratie Mechauica” Un the fuvita- i’ £ Ewperor Rudolply 11, be repatred with malaePly 10 Prague in 1509, sud there re- m:nl. 10 the enjoyiment of a pension of 9,000 'ffi‘ until his death ten vears later. .wnln Brano used iu the first years of his B'Lum.'rumeuu similar to those cmployed by trody irceks, of larger alze. Aftcr the fu- um.ulau of cfucks, he fuvented the transit Yo o itk whict was determined the pluce N “t;:mel Of 1677, which Tycho discovered, and vam,“' stars, with perfect cortainty, Of tho qw‘m tber watruments he dovlaed, his Erest o fant and a sextant m:i be upech.lly wen- bellet, “kTyule accomplished all bis work in the oo ¢ Plolewny anu others befors Lim, that \Vlmlh Waa the ccutro of the universe, PR the description of the lostruments fu- i by thlsrenawned astronower, Mlr, Lock- "m:‘l“.l‘;llld!l She tiret division of his book. The i nlow sectious aro occupied with tho tele- 08 aud otber {nstruments which have werved the necds of astronomy down to the present date. Over this more familiar ground, It is not our purposs 1o follow the author. attributable to loeal Iegislatio The plan of tho work 1a niso well devised. A discursfon of the natura of worigdges, with the considera- Mr, Lockyer's lecturea are brought out by tha | tlon of vendors! lfons, and the righta of mort- ublishera fu an_exceptionally elegant manner. | engors and mort@agees, occuples tho first ~ volumo; and the second s 'rom the handsome cover, with its firmament of shining stars, to tho fargn fino print and fine engravings, tho volume Is luxurious within and without. RELIGTOUS LECTURRES, INOERSOLL, BDEECHENR, AND:IDOGMA; on, A Frw Siuree Truris Axn Toein Lootcan De- pretions, 1N Wiucnt Tiur Positions or Mx. InaknsoLt AND Mu, BErciizn Ane Coxatpenrn X Twn Lretings, K tnus Axn Tug AnsoLuta Nxceesmtizs, Dy NT. Chicago: 8. C. Griggs & Co, v bpe - The first of the two lectares comprising this volume Is& clever criticlsm of Mr. Robert G, Ingersoll’s book, *The Gods, and Other Lect- ures,” o publication of 1574, which proclaims its author's disbellef 1o a God and In the future existence of thesoul. Tho book offers a favor- ablo eubject to a abarp and satirical critfe for the display of his powers, as, in both argument and rhetorie, it discloses many a weak point ‘where a keen blade may enter and utterly de- molish jta attempts at rcason and eensa- tion, Mr, Dement has, on tho whole, done well with the opportunities Mr. Ingersotl very rashly provided forthe nssaults of sn expert adversn- devoted to tho questions of payment and dis- charge, remedy by foreclosnre, and a aynopsis of the statutes of the different Etates on the Aubject. A valuable chapter is also added on power-of-salo mortgages and trust-deeds,—a subject which has as yet received little consid- eration in text-books, having been developed chiefly onlv In the past few vears, The section- numbera and eatchwords are printed in full-face type; and the merc mention that the work cumes from the Cambridge press s sufliclent to guaraotee the typographical accuracy. LATIN LITERATURE, A_NISTORY OF LATIN LITERATURE. Ty Lroxnann Benxrrz, [l 4+ Clansical Examiner In the University of Londan, New York: G. I, Fotnam's Sons. Chicago: Jansen, McClarg & Co. Bvo,, po. 202 Price, 81, This compact and excellently-arranged little work contains the best complete listory of Latin Literature in the English language The scarce and expensive history of Iluniop eloscs with the Augustan or Golden Age, and leuves the Silver, Brazen, and Iron Ages of that litera. turc untouched. In the emall compnss occupled, it would be manifestly impossible to givea philosophieal account of tho tize and develop- ry, and has givon cvidence of consilerable | meat of the Janguage, but 1t s surpris- stirewdness and skill {n handifog tho weapons | Ing how much "‘:“’." Titen: im0 rossed of debate, flis best work ls exhibited In the | fob e “poyng gratcfully that the names detection and unsparing exposurs of the feeble ond faulty places in Mr. Ingersoll's ecssavs. Whien ho attempts Lo substituto theorics of his own for thoss which his ornunant has aivo- cated, he s not so satisfactory. In trath, whilo convicting Mr. Ingersoll of dogmatisin, he renders himself liable to a simllar accusation, 18 reasonine on the questions of a Delty and of Immortality Is ingenfous, but ho more than once starta (rom premises which ho presumes to take for qud, but which aro_incapablo of demonstration. To cito a single Instance: the statemont that, In the orders of animal litg, we shall find * every living I.Illu((, froin the dawn of its belng ou to the end of {ts latest breath, fmbued with the Instinct or Intultion of a Su- werlor Power,—a power heyond itsell,” Is an assumption that canoot ba borne out by actual of the authors arc printed in tull: which catch the reader's eye moro oasily, The subject {8 divided foto five periods,—the first extending fram the ecarllest times to 240 B. C.; the sccond, from 340 to 150 B, C.; the third, from 150 to 80 B. C.; the fourth, from B. C. 80 to A, D. 14; syd the lifth, from the death of Augustus to the fall of the Empire. A com- menaable featura of the work s that of giving thio beat cditions of the various authora in the foot-notes. Altogether the book {s one which Nlis a vacant space In our literaturc; and, though It sas primarily designed for atudents, it will be_found very “usefu all who are {n any way deslrous of Keeplng up thelr knowledge of the classiea. PROPIIETIC INTERPRETATIONS, ARMAGEDDNON; on, Tne_Ovnranow or Ro- RANIAM AND MONARCHY. Tig EXIFTENCE O THE Uxiten Srares Foneronn v tux Dinie; Its FUTURE GIHEATNESS; INVASION nY ALvien RUnore: ANNIBILATION OF MONARCHY] EXUAX- AION 1470 THE MILLENN(AL HEPUBLIC, AXD [Ts Towrniox Oven T Witora Wonen, _Hevised Editon. By 8. D, Bauvwin, A, M., President of Foule Femaln College, Nahviile, Tenn, : Bonthern Methodint Publistiing ifouse, W. 0. lolmes. 12mo., pp, 480, Price, 8. This laborfous attempt at {nteroreting the prophecies of the Bible was orizinally published {n1854. It fsnow reprinted to unswer ade- mand which has grown out of a statement In its’ pages sald to predict the present: war In Europe. The statoment s comprised inthe following sontences: ** As this present tima s tha last vial period, wa need bo natonfshed at nothiog oceurriug in the way of revolutions in Europe, The destructionof” the emplre church throughout Europe will certainly transpire be- foro tho fall of tha monarchy; and, as monarchy will ail o down before 1975, wa'may look for the overthrow of tho Roman Church very soon after Russin conquers Turkey.," Russia has conquercd Turkey, and threc months of the year 3878 aro ncarly passed: yet neithor tha fall of tnonarchy nor of the Koman Church has taken place. Tho predictions of Mr. Baldwin in this case are worth about as much as tho augu- ries of would-be scers and prophets usually are. A RUSSIAN STORY, TIE COBWEB SERIES OF CHOICE FICTION. DASIAt A Russiax Stonr. From the Freneh of Hexny Guaviete, By Many Nraw Sugnwoon, acts. 'The socond lecturc is leas occupled with the viows of Mr. Beecher upon the condition of salnts and slnners ineternity, than with an ex- position of the oplnlonsof thic author relative to tha sublect. 'These are, inbriel, that tho effects of sin upon the soul can never bo effaced, Thoy dwarf its capacity for lmvrlneu o a bigh de- gree, nnd, therclore, unfit it for the enjoyments of Ilcaven. In this consista the punishment of tho soul that willfully sins,—n punishment that can never end. ‘¢ llcaven and Hell arc but conditions of the samo eternity,” and Uod, who {8 omutpresent, must ablde in both., The soul that has Krc(errcd evil to good, and thercby lost the possibillty of comfort in the recognition and socloty of the pure, witl find fa the cunstant presence of God and s angels tho keenest sting of s misery. The future atate Mr. Dement belleves 'to be an active and progreasive one; bLut, as the progression is the same with all, thosd who differ n attain- ments at the beginning must coutinue on differ- ent plancs forcver. Thesc, and other ideas of Mr, De ment regardingtha *life beyond," bave an interoat, but they romain simple hynothes: Huving rejected the declarations of the Bl regarding Heaven and Hell,~the only declara- tigna that can claim nuthiority,—every other theory advanced conceraing thein is vire . sup- position. No nmount of reasontng will * give it welght beyond that of fanciful confecture. Tho style of Mr. Dement's writivg 1s general- 1y so forvible and corrcet that tho ~expressions % 110 such a belng " and * just that fast’ arc Lo be looked upon as mere slips of the pen, FELECTING A PRESIDENT. WE ELECTIVE FIRANCHISE IN TIE UNITED tor of uDidonle, » <duck,’ alc. Lios- T By o NHE UNTTED d es & Laurlat. 10mo., pp. 200, P. Patnam's Bons, Chicagos en, . McClurg This Lright little story can be commended & Co. Bvo., pp. 181, Frice, $1, ‘Wo liave before us atill aoother work called forth by the trouble arising from tho last Presl- dential election, 1t does not profess to bo as complote or exbaustive na the recent work of Mr. Knight, but it Is fairly and {mpasslonately written, and contalns some timely lints snd criticisma. . ‘The anthor flnds most fault, of course, with tho present manner of holding Prosidential eloctions, aud, ns a subgtitute, pro- poses the followlnz mathod, which, e thinks, might, with some alteratlons, be adopted for State cicctions nlsot I. Congrees shall provide for bolding two Conventions forthe presontatlon or naming of candidates for Presidont aud Vice-President, which Conventlona shall be styled, rospectively, the *First Preatdential Conventlon " and *Bec- ond Presidenttal Convention." The Leglslature of each Btate shall appolnt to each of sucti Con- vontions a number of delogates equal ta the whole number of Scuators and Reprosentatives to which the State may be entitled In Congre: In apooluting such delegates, each member shall vote yiva voco fur o numbor of persous equal to the number to be nppointed to only one of such Couventlouss and, upon the first call of names, the deleeates, to ths num- ber to which the State shall vo entitled In ona Convention, recelving the largest number of yotes, shall be chosen to such Conventlon; and witliout rescrve as an entertalning plecs of fle- tiou, It fs, irst of all, unguestionably pure lu tone,—a circumstance of which there is always uupleasact doubt {n taking up a novel which comes through French chanoels and with strong French guarantees of popularity, The work is, morcover, lpritxhtlf. evenly sustalned, and vivi- fied with {ifeltke, olthough’not notably original, vortraitures. Dasla i3 an cnguging character, of a fresh, frank, unconventional type frequent- Iy met wit tu tho imaginative literaturo of the prosent day, and certafoly one of tho most chnrmlufi that tho novelist can solect for deline- ation. AMonrict {s only less inzenuous and Fleulnz than Daala; while the brother and sfs- er, Bophie and Plato;'seenre-vur good favor by their thorough intcgrity and high-breeding, The atory Is professodly a picture of Russian life, and” conflrms the Jrumslun as stories goj yet thora 1s less declded local coloring than one would bo glad to find in a picture of the man- ucrs of a strauge and most nteresting. people, BOOKS RECEIVED. FLIRTATIONS IN FASIIONABLE LIFE, l'l( CATUBRINE BiNotain, Author of **Beatrics, ' etc, Philadeiphia: T, 13, Petervon & Bro, Chi- cago: Jansen, McClurg & Co. 12mo,, pp, 424, Price, 81, NEW METIOD OF JHORSEMANSHIE: Tvcuun- INU TUB DRKAKISO AND THAINING oF Tlouss, WITIt INSTRUCTIONS PR _OBTAINING A d. g b Dovcumn, Tra Tl tho persons, cqual In number, recciviug tho next hy PEP 1] larireat mumbor of votes, shall ba choson to the [ BARPEI'S GREKK AND | opposito Conyention, Legtslatura shall de- TULLIL CICKRONIS TURL PUTATIONUM AD BRUTUM. Lib Tecognovit IemioLnes Krorz, Novi Mborucl: Apud Harperos Pratres, MDCCCLXXVINL Chie cago: Janson, McClurz & Co, 18mo., np, 180 BOUEN iy Ciian N York: G, I, Put McClurg & Co. 1Rni 70. THE LIFE OF CHRIST. iy I, W, 1.D., Canon of Weatminater, [llusirated Rteol' FPlates and Numerous Wood:Cuts, Now Yorks Camell, Teiler & dalpin. Parts 17, %, 1!! 20. teritno the Conventlon to wlich tho respective lats of delegates are appointed, IL The delegutes so appoluted to tho Firsy Convention shall meet at” the thue and place vrescribed by Caugress, aud shall proceed to name candidates foy Prealdent, Each delegate shall publicly snnounco his cholce; and any numiber of defegates may select a candldate for President and Vice-President, providing all compasiog such number aball cuneur fu tho selection of the same porsons for each of sald offices. Tha Couvention mn{. by a vute of the majority of its members, it Itselt to the presentation of fiye candidates for ench of sald (l::lllcu. u'fm'l pmirlislanllul Xi|;|l fin‘m&hnum re- lv'.;"““"fi'é Sfiy &uék‘ I :x:,:;-!i"r«' ting tho First U'reailontial Conyention | Janacne 2 % H shall lul.:ly to the nominations wnado by the ","\,h‘l';é'u(}ll’" SIS, A BHADOW Bvo, ' To bo Completa In Thirty-iwo aris, ’HIB’\\'TRBGK OF THE '‘GROSVENOR": Ax AccounT oF T MUTINT OF TIE Olirw, AND THR Loss op TiR Nllll'ywll!)l Turivo To N Becond Preslaential Conyentlon, PURESHOLD. Dy Many Crcit Hav, Pp.1as, 10 The President and Vieo-Prestient analt | Fich 59, geute. | DROTIEIR Jacon, itk be electud by the direct voto of the peoplo. Tho | Tirice, 20 conts. TIE BRIDE OF LAXDECK, persou receiving tho largest number of votes iu By G, I, It Jawxs. Pp. 102, Price, 20 cent tho United States for Presidont stall bo Presi: | Tk TENDER REOOLLECTIONS 0¥ INENE dent, if such vuinber shiall exeeed the combined MACGILLICUDDY. Tv, 14, Trico, 15 conts, Nuw Yorks Jlarper & liros, Chicago: Junsen, llccluus& Co, SCHUOL-JISTORY OF ROME: Fiox T Founnation or Tun G177 7o THE EXTINCTION 0P or Tux WEst, Abridged from Dean yoto given for bersons named by the upposing Convention, 1t 1o peraon bave such number of yotes, then 4 cauyass sball bo mado ouly of ro- turns of votes cast for candidates presented by tho Pirat Conventlon, and the person recelying the highest number of such vote ahall bo dos | 32w b, A‘-].mlmlgmfln-!!"%'?l:"luu’cgillx:. clared nominuted for Prosident, A canvass of Cambrige. ih Thirteen Maps, New York: returns of votes for candidates presentwl by the Harpee & Bros, Chicago: Jansen, McClurg & Becond Couventlon whall Lo made fu ke inau- [ Co.” 16mo., pp. 500, ner, and the person receiving the highest num- S ber of voton shall alsu bo declared nominated PERIODICALS RECEIVED, for Presldeut. A second election between the bersous o nominated shall be hold, fn the same R manuer &8 provided for the tirst eleetlon, and by U N recolving the bighest number of 2 vu!vl 1_1‘5;’ l"‘r‘lldtsul'. shal bol.l'rulhlelll. + the forcgolug provisious shall 1y te th clection of Vice-Preaidunte - * - *PPIY 10 HARPER'S MAGAZINE for Aoril ilarper & Bron., New Vork). Coutenta: **The American Clydo, arlos Barnard (with thirteon Hluetrations); iThe Uity of tho Winds.® by L. U elardy (wltl twolva tlinstratio orvice,” by Prof, 8. I ationa)s **1f i Were Yo 3, ¢+ Thio Normal Colle oy [\uu i, Vark | V. No Seuator or Ropresentative, or person lega of New York Cit: it Unitoc Btates, shull bo appotuted delegateton | Alfred 11, Loules **In tho leati nf the Hsrta Prestdential Conventio ] by Marion Mitchell (with twenty Hlustrations) ; A Hang by oscitl (with au {llustras FOREIGN CLASSICS FOR ENGLisyr | Mo by Abveyit *'la Flemiah Masters: II,— Tubert and Jes: Eyck * (with eix lilustra- READERS, tonsy; LA TIcgro. by duh Atiton . twite PASCAL. By the lev, Principal Tutrecn, Ure delphing a7 Lippincaty & C Lmun}’:t}:. | Towt twenty-two lilustrations by the London Etching aen, McCldrg s Co. " Hia. Bvo.) pp, 205 Price, Club)i **Macleod of Dare.' by Willtam Bluck (with an fliusiration by Gi. If. Boughton); **Be. ovia suid Madrid, " by loay Terry Cookut, 11 Tho " from Vi ‘Tuis lttle yolume forms another In the well- Lt cditod serica of Forelgn Clasaics for Engllsh &“"“ Readers. The author bas had access to, and mads use of, papers and memoirs not eastly to be obtained by the general resder; and from thewmn tells the bistory of Blaise Pascal’a lite in & charming munuer, ' The subject was not one to attract, for Pastul had fow Iucidents of great interest in hislife. Tho suthor, however, fiils up tho vold by an excellent sketch of literature Ly lenry P, Cary 0 i *The Return of thu Uardy (with an {llustration) ; by Mre. B Art-5t ik . . T. \ by Helen X'Ill.lhul L. ropos McCarthy; Gy by Q. W. Bueldo HOur [oalan Brothers, b{ Edward Howlsnd; +*Like the Gold Ground, " by AnnaC. Lrackets} *+ Debby Amn, " by Sarahi C. Hallowell; Editorial Depariineots as ue W n; and soclety in Pascal’a thine} and the accurucy LANT! LY aud good selection of thajucideuts which ho to- | *yoon i (o paveny) TS AT | Iates fmpress the reader in striking coutrast tumance,” V., H. Blabop; e with tho airy and superficfal sccount of the sume g by Edgar Paweert: e v Mot Baitey Airichs o chosuan, boet, by b fu b Frenc & crsdo and d Lt Yoo Lasa Ju bia, Hstory"ol Fraucn | | Shomis Sty dlatiens & creno ant Curicun o Sy Emngl o The liose and tho Jar: REAL-ESTATE MORTGAGES, Taited.* by lleary demen tgmang it dialy le- > ¢ B .1 " A Decembe, A TREATISE OX THYE LAW OF MONTGAGES [ KIZW b ENsbeth” Aot Allons s Leaxaun A J of the Boaton liar. * Bovton: - Hogyhton, Omeed 0o, Chicago: Callagtnn & 0. Two Volumes. Royal oclavo, Law-shecp, 684-107, ‘Yo law on mortgages Is so vust, and much of 1t s0 contradictory, that it requires a small llbrary, as it were, to contaln it. These wwo large volumes contaln citatlons of above 8,000 cuses, and are limited tu thetr scope to s discus- sion of the law of real-ustyte mortgages. The xiracts .from the Journsl of Iltnr( D, * ‘Lincaln's Triwmoh tu 1803,V by son Wallea; ** Suint sud ninver, " by B, A, 1. M.} **7Tho Legeud of 8t Bopblaj” Btary of Avis, and Other Novels;' ** Hate," by Luella 1 * Americantsnus,** by Richard Grant White; $*The Hussiané ob the Hos- phorus **The Lobby: 1teUnuso aud Cure, ™ by Artbur @, Sedgwick; *+ Tue Adtropdacs Vert- fed. IV.-~A-Muotiog of the Deer," by Charles Dudle; tiers Clab;™ *4 Ko« W-mu:li ** Open trom Naw. e Contributore’ York, H author, however, has doue mugh more cout Literature, " BNER'S MONTHLY for April (Scribner & thau - mercly @ivo o synopuls of | SCHIBNERSMONTHLY for Apil (Scribuer & casos; for he bas sought to Dlustrated), by W. Macka) show the differenco between the law in the V1. (lliustrated), by Ed didercnt Btates, the theory on which thst Az April Sooz," by Edwin N. difference was based, sud the tendency of {hai wiss **Elog David," by Custagce Fenimors Yaralonhur aabiloe 1o sadecs or praes | oo, il Wseituce ML Sy HiCle ttiouer 0 abo ut o elance how far & particulsr 1:“"""’ by Jutius Wilkox: **3wo ‘Salate of decislon will belp him, Td how far, whon at | QqubilH{. " by By Lunu. Bt Violet," vaslance with bl theory, the Aiffercnco may bo |* br'Angie R Anoa: ©The Mosste Creation vad fodarn Eefence,” by er's Chofce,” by Mary Alngo ~DeVere; **Among the Thousand Talanda ™ (Iliasteatear, by ‘Hfoward Pyle; *'The Bnicide.” by Jobn Mol e (Ilhlflrlllfi‘; by ‘elephane #nd the Phono- J. i d_ Socl T althre. wni A Koc! h ure g o “Wuzld Work;" **sric-a- Brae. POPULAR RCIESCE MONTHLY for Aprl (D, A‘lnltlnll&(}o,. New York). Contenfa: **E intion of Ceremonial Glavernment: 111, lntione, by llernert Spencer: *'The Encalyptas in (e Fotnre,* by Prof. Samnel Lockwond (il- Iustrated); *Inirounciion and Succession of. Yertehrate Life in America,” by Prof. 0. C. Marsh; *'The Wicked Weanol" ins)- pation'of Enerzy," by George e tiuna of the Logic of Fefence: IV.—The Proba bility of Induction.” by C. 8. Pelrce; **0 Edtnon'n Taiking. Machine, " by Frof. Alfre Hager (iluntrated); ©The Maryingen Miraclea™ ‘The’ Source of Musculdr Power*s **Living Corale," by W. E, Damon; **Poleans of the In- telligence—Chioroform, ™ ' by Charles Itichet; tiBKetch of Prof, Hecehl™ (with portrail)} “orrespondence™; **Editor's Table; **Lit: erary Notices™; * ‘‘Popular Misceilany™; “+Noten, LIPPINCOTT'S MAGAZINE for April (. B, Lip- rmcnuhcn.. Philedelphin), _ Contents: *‘The talian Lakes," by Rubert A, McLeod (11]ustrat- ed): ' Try Norway, " by Olive Logan (Iilustrat- ed)i ** In Ambueh, * by Paul IL ilayne: **leph- zibah Guinness," by 8. Welr Mitenell; ** The Hiarlequin of Dreams,* by Sidncy Lanler; **Tho Home of the Jaguar,” by Felix L. Oswald: 4 Hitter-8weet, b{ Phillp Ilourke Marston; yalosty's by T 1. Wiigon; ¢ Kecollectionn of Fdward L. Davenpo, oy 1 3 “* For Percival,” (Ilinetrated): ** Home 11 monles," by 8, Ansten Pearce, Mus, I., Oxon. ; ** An Tloar of Taln: * ** Alexander Dumas the Younger," by Lucy 1. Hooper: ** Our Monthly Gossin:” ** Literatnro of tno Day. " CATHOLIC WORLD for April (Catholic Publica- w York). Contenta: **A Boul's da:" *"The Ifome-Rule Candldat altsm versus Politlcal Unity in the Ti tot St. Cuthbor! ory n **A Dishor Conaclenca 1n ew Germ iiMontsesmnts" **Ralph Waido **Tapul Elections:” **Vaim s Liberty of Emuplre;" Emerson:" gi s T he Late Mr. T, W, M. Marshall:" +Sirlctares on aniArticlo ‘Entitfed ** Political Tuapacity of the Ramish Church's* *“The Doath of Ilus IX. 3" **New Publications, 8T, NICHOLAS for Aprlt (Scribner & Co,, New York), The principal articles in this namber How Kittic Wae LostIn o Turkish Ba- 2ar,"* by Sara Keaples Hunt; **0ld Nicolul, " hy Tl Fart; **Puck Parker, by Mra, Lizzle W, Champney: **The Three lioracshioes," by David Ker; $'Esster In Germany," oy F, E. Cornei A'Visitto a London Dog-Show, " ‘by Lauta Skeel Pameroys **Drifted Into Port," by Edwin Hodder; **Under tho Lilacs," by Loulea 3. Alcatt; and **The Professor, " by Clarouce Cook. There are about fifty lliustrations, WIDR-AWAKE for April (), Lathrop & Co., Bos- ton), Among the cantriontions to thin niimher are: The Cuild-Tollers of Doston Strceta~The Ash-lckers," by ki Emma A, Brown: *‘Chlld. Lifo in Labrador," by Mre, K, P, Groser: ** True Bluc," by Mra, Uncia Chase 1 13 **A Child's Calendar," by roline Mete: ‘' A General Misunderstanding, t. Talbot: and **The Doga of Spenser,* by Mre. Lucy White Lillie, ‘Therels a Natural-History supplement of sixiecn pagcs, the ciofarticle in waich in by Mra, danc Grey Swisshelm, Tho number Is pro- fusely iltnatrated. MERICAN NATURALIST for April (McCalla & Btavely, Philadelphia), 2 YOUNG BCIENTIST for March (New Yark). ATHENEUN for March (Springflold, 111 ). PHARMACIST for Mareh (Chicago College of 'harmacy), SOUTHERN LAW REGISTER for Fobrusry— March (G, I. Jones & 8t. vouls), LIBRARY URNAL—V4 IL,- Nos. 34 (F. Leypoldt, New York), s LHIKAH\' TABLE for Msrch 16 (H. L. Uinton & Co., New York), : BOSTON BOOK BULLRETIN for March (D. Lo- throp & Co., New York). LITTELL'S ING AGE—Current numbers (Lit- tell & Usy, Boston). f i FAMILIAR TALK, THE “TORTVOLIO.” A beautiful etching by Dupont after s paint- for by Mrs. Allingham, catitled *Bpring-Days ~—a Portrait,' haa the first place In the current number of the Zor{foio. From a blogruplical aketch accompanyiog the pleture, we learn that Mrs. Allingham, atthongh now but 80 years of age, has alrcady won an eiminddt position among cuntemporary artlsts of tho English schiool. Ehe was tho eldest child of Dr. Patersun, and waos born in 1848 near Burtm-on-Tront. Her father dled whon sho wasagirl of 13, after which her mother removed, with ber famlly of six young children, to the ity of Birmiugliam, Helen, having early exhibited ‘s tasto for draw- ing, was here placed at the 8thool of Design, where for several years she worked three daye o week, In 1507, Miss Paterson went to live In London, under the care of her aunt, Miss Laura Herlord, an artlst who, five or six years pre- viously, had secured the opening of “the Royal Acadomy to women. Miss Herford was berself ~ the first student of her sex admitted to the Academy, and wus a frequont exhibitor, 8he dled in 1870, at the age o HY. Miss Patorson began herstudies in the Academy schools In 1807, and, n_yoar ufter, was eugagoed in furnishing Jnlgm far the Ulus! TuRLR- zines, EHer work on wood, capecially that con. tributed to the Graphle, gave lier u wide reputa- tion, Meantime, she pursued by udies o painting., ller portraits of Mr, Hen f as Richeliew, and ot Miss Tsnbel Bateman uite, were the means of oxtend! her good namo. 8ho exhibited two pletures at the Royal Acud- ey In 18743 and, in August of that year, was married to Mr. Willlam_ Allinghaw, ihe poet, and successor of Mr, Froude as editor of Hraser's Magasiue, Bince her marriage, Mrs, Allingham has exhiblted three pletures at the Gallery ot the SBouety of Painters in Water- Culors, one of which s now ctehed for the patrons of the Por{follo. A copy of an ctching after one of Turner’s fctures of the *Ports of England ' {s used in fllunmlun af the chapter which Mr. flamerton adda to his Lography of tius artist, The thirg ol the etchinga by the great masters reproduced by the hellogravure process, wuich constitute ai lmportant teature of the Por(fullo this year, ives a fac simile of the ‘Portralt of Ephirsim onus by Rembrandi. Tt is regarded s one of ‘likfi best rl' th and s in all re treating of “ Plaving Canls, Babvlon," and 4 Through } 8 tolland,"—the last Hustrated with wood-cuts,—finlsh the contents of a valuable number, ART GOSSIP. We read that the Emporor Williaw has givon the German painters and sculptors permission to participate in the Parls Expogltion, ‘The lloyal Academy exhibition will opon an tho 6th of Muy, and tho Salva ou tho 15th, The Intter will continuo open & month longer than usual. 1t 1s sald that Dr. Bchliemann has secured a new firman for tho purposa of renewlne his ex- vlorations at Ilissariik as soon as it is safo for him to work {1 the country. ‘Tho death of lr, J, P, A, Antigna, aneminent French nainter, {s announced in the lute fntelli- gence from Purl Antigns was born at Or- lvang in 1518, aud pupll of Delarache. The Woman's Art Museum Association of Cineinnatl will hold a loun-callection exhibition ng the month of May. Art-oljects of every class will be fncluded In tho exbibitiun, which (3 expected (o be of great interest, From the revort of the Trustees of tho Penn- sylvanis Museum and School of Industrial Art fur 1877, we learn that tho lectures on srt, sud the ¢l in drawlng and desien, in geometery and prolections, and” {n needlework, have been well atiended and prosperous, The Museuim has been visited, between Lhe 101h of May and the let of Januery, by vearly 130,000 ncurlu. ‘The attendance ou Sundaya has been excontfon. ally large—in September alone amounting to over 10,000, 1t is sald that eighty examples have becn eelected br the Advisary Commitics from the vaintings preseated by American artists for ex. libition at the apvroaching World's Fair at Parls. Of these the greater vart are by New York artlsta,—only three comfog from™ Phila- délphia, and five from Boston, About & dozen of the pictures accepted aro water-calors, The contributions from Amerian arilits abroad will add about twenty-five paintings to the whole collection, and the greater part of thess, se- scording to rumor, will come from Rome. The sccond annual report of the Trustees of the Boston Suseum of Fino Arts gives the num- ber of visitors fu 1877 as nearly 160,000, The averaze on tho paylng dava was sixty-thres, aud on tho free duys sbout 1,600, Lately the AMuy- scuin hiss beeu open free to the public Sunday afternoons, when the attendance has been ag largo as on the free week-days. The current re- celpts balance the principal running expenses, which renders the {mstitution sclf-supporting. There {s need of more room to accomtnodate the collectlons, aud & subscription has been onened, ‘with the hupe of rlhlng $100,000, for the pur- rooe aol lc\::;glcunz zhul ro'nu%mw ho.ld nlz‘w build. ng. suw nearly $90, cured ab tho last sccousts. LITERARY ITEMS. ‘The secoud volume of Bryant's History of the Unlted States 1 sunounced for carly publicas tiou. s " Heors Holt & Co. bave nearly radr Mr. ecu §o- (icorge Lewea’ treatise * On Actors and the Art. of Acting." The second volume of G. R, Greene's large “ History of the English People™ Is now in the presa of Harper Bros. The volume of orizinal poema to he Includea by Roberts Bros. n thefr ‘¢ No-Name Scrica” Wil bear the title of * Rococo." A third editton of the Hon. Charles P, Tuck- erinan's excellent hook on **The Greeks of o~ Day ia to be {ssued by (. P. Putnam's Bons. Prof. Mathews' “Getting On in the World ! 18 In §ta thirty-elghth edition in this country. It Is publithed fn thres rival edltions in London, and a transiation is In press in 8weden. Helen Hunt will publiah this spring, through the press of Haberts Bron., *Bita of Travel at jome,"’—a volume describing tours in Colorado and Callfornia, and uniform with ** Bits of Travel o Europe.” The ‘‘History of American Literature,” by Prof. Moscs Coit 'Tyler, ls 80 far advanced that aportion of the Hrst volurza is already in the rinter’s hands, This volume covers mercly hlel **Colonfal Perfod,” and {s complete fi- sclf. Roberts Bros. have In_press a work by the venerable Mra. Lydla Maria Child, entiticd * Aspirations of tha World.” The purpose of the bouk is to exhibleevidences of the univereal 1aith of mankind in the existence of & Bupreme Belog, Mrs. Child is now 76 vears oid. At the Congress of Librarians held fn London last fall, the first revolving bookcase ever ex- hiblted I Europe sttracted much attention. . Trubner, who hias been appointed agent for the Amerjcan Library Assoclation, has now a num- her of thess bookcases Included In hia first con- signment of * library-supplies.” Estes & Lauriat will publish the American edition of Cuvier's work on * The Animal King- dom,” which has heen revised by W. B. Carpen. ter and other English sclentisis, and brought slown to the present date, The book wlil con- tain thirty-six colored = lilustrations, Lesides abundant wood-cuts, and will be sold for $0. The fifteenth volume of Seribner's Monthly will be ready for tirculatfon in buund form by about March 25, Adrance shets of the index —which covers elght pages, and Is minute in descripifon—ahow that this last Is oneof the richest and most attractive volumes yet 1ssucd of a periodical which ranks Ligh amonz works of its class. SPARKS OF SCIENCE. TIHE WEEPING TREE, Reports have been spread, from time to time, of the existence in Tropicsl countries of a weeping-tree, or rain-tree os it {s called, which Is said to puur ashower of water-drops from Its branches, even In the driest weather. In some cuses it has been averred that this stngu- lar arboreal rain falls in such quantities that the ground under the tree is converted lnto a verfect swamp. - A volume before us, treating of the wonders of the vegetable world, con- talns & picture of the weeplug-tree, In which cuntinuous streams are flowing from the boughs on every side, and negroes are wading in knee- deep, nnd filling thelr buckets from the eircu. lar fountain surrounding the trunk, which is kept full to overflowing by the wonderful water fall from the branches above. Nouthing has been hitherto positively known regarding this phenomenon, uotfl, as was men- tloned in these columns a week pgo, a paperwas read by Mr. W.'Ls T. Dyer before a late meet- ing of the London Linnman Bocloty, in which the evidences relating to tho mysterious rain- tree were collected and discussed. ‘Ihe trees from which this rain has been observed to fall apoear to be, In most cases, members of the lovust tribe.” The latest account refers to a tree rowing in the forcsts vear Movobamba, in Northern Peru, and {s thought by Mr. Dyer to be without doubt tho Plthecalobjum Saman, Mr. Diyer bascs his conclusions apon the state- ments of Mr. Spruce, & traveler who has studied thio phienomenon exhlblm’bv the rafo-tree In fts native forcats. Tho circumstantial account of « Bpruce, incorporated {n Mr. Dyer’s paper, is published {u .Vature, from which” we extract it without curtailment, despltc Its length: The T , or rain-tree of the Eastern Pern ays Mr. Spruce—in not & myth, but a fact, h not exactly {n the way popu- lar rumor ban 1viely presented it 1dld not know there was 82y doubt s to the troe origin of the S*rain " 1 lirst witneased the phenomenon in Sep. tember, 1855, when reslding at Tara*oto, —s town or larie village s (ew days enstward of Mayobam- ba, and & lttie mare than 1,000 feet above iho aea. lovel. 1 had gone on rning at daybreak, with two asslatants, into the adjacent woodedhills fo bot- botanize. A little after 7 o'clock, we came under a low! reading tre: rlr’ecll! cle: alling. A glanc cicadsa [popularly calledlocuets) suckingthe jufces of the tender youngbranches and leaves, and squirt- iny forth slender streams of Hmpid fuld We had barely time to note this when we were assailed rge biack ants, which bit and d obliged ue to beat & retrest, — my compan aliing out as they ran, *Tamal- caspi! ‘Pamal-caspi!l’ “When we had en off onr areatlanta, 1 ventured to approach the spot so nesr 0 muke ous that the ants were greedlly leking up the fluid as it fell, . . . My two Peruvians were alresdy famflisr with the phenonenan, and they knew very well that aimost #ny tree, when {n state to afford food to the nearly gmnivorous cicada, milght become (pro fem,) a Tamal-canpi, or rain-tree, articular tree wag evidently, from [ta foliage. an Acacia; but, as § never saw it in flower or [rult, I cannot say of what apecien. me on cleadss aimilarly occapied a few timen afterwards, and on trecs” of diffarent kinds, but nover without the pugnacious snts on the ground beneath. Amongthe trees on which 1 have scen cicadas fel is_one closely Tifed to the Acacias, the besatifal Pithecaloblum Saman. young branchea are very succulent, and they bear elegant bipinnate leav: A The puds are greedily esten by deer and cattle, Another leguminous tree visited by cicadas fs An- dirf tnerinus, and there are many niore of the and other Tamiifes which I caunot specify, hape they avold only such as have 'Dolsonous or atrongly’ u!lnouldulc:l: and thore which are per- manenily tenanted by ferocions ants, sach as all Polygone, the legaminous Platymlsciom, and & fow others, Theso ants “tarely leave the tree which affords them food and shelter, and the: Iy repel all intruders, —the uliehter -cmc‘ on the smouth bark sufficing to call their sentincls 10 th t. They are quite distinct from the ro- bust ding auta that driok the cicadas’ eject. amenta, 1 bave no doubt you have abave the true expla- natian of tho Tamal-caspl, or rain-trea. As to the drip froo: a trec causings httle boz to form unders ucath and sround it, that {e s very commen clr- cumstance in various parts of the Amazon Vlll!r. in tats and hallows, wherever thers 15 a thin covering of huinus, or & non-absorbent sub-sojl, and the crown of foliage {s 80 dens o erestly fmpede evaporation heneath It. Ow sach mites, the Achual palm (Mauritia flexuosa)~common enough between Moyobamba and Tarapota, se well as on the savannahs of the Oronoco, and in subriparial forests of tho Amszons—affords a siriking examplo of this properly, as has already been remarked by Gumilla, Velasco, Hunboldt, and others. Fina although | never heard the name Tamat-ea; plifll 10 ony particular kind of tree, during dence of {wo years in the region where il maid to he a special It {s ginto possidie the space af (wenty-one vears that hav since I left Bastern Pe At name may wivon Lo some tree with a greater drip than ordi- nary; but I expect the cicada will atill be found ible for the moisture pouring from the Inan abundant shower,—the ftwas 1n wy tim PECCARIES, The American Pecvarles represent the swine of tha Ol World, Thero are two specirs,—~the Coliared Peccary (Notophorus torquatus) and the White-Lipped Peccary (Dlicotytes lablatus), —tho tirst rauging from Arkansas southwest- ward through Mexico and over a great part of South America, sud the second beig coutned ta tho Southern Continent, The Collared Poce cary, when full growa, {s three feet long, ana sometimes welghs sixty pounds. It s gregari- ous fn hablt, and the herds seem to follow & leader. The animal fs capable of belog tamed, but 1s of capriclous und uncertain temper, 1t s omalvorgus, snd occasloually, falling in sssem- bled numbers upon cultivated felds, commits Kreat rayages swoug the cropa. ‘Thy best description of the Collared Peccary which we remember to bave met with, oceurs (n that Mvely varrative of travel, “The Comiug Emplre; or, Two Thousand Miles on Horseback fnTexss,” Tho account is sgreeably minute In detat!, and would scarcely bo improved by atter- ation. We therefore reproduce it as it stands. “Tho writer was, at the thne the sccne s sketch- «d, riding up tue Valley of the Guadaloupe: Sowe sixor scven miles up tho valley, 1 saw s cowpany of hogs, ju full '+ bul & fow bundred yusuml Thinkiog 8 farm must be oo 1dred wy guo, bopiug s dog would bark and guide mw to it, Inatantly, oo tbe report of my ride. thess bogs dashed out of the brush from several places, doos- 18y ae thoy r thelr mouths ot a great rate, y formed in & equad, abous aixty Yads from the i0ad, abead of G, and, as 1o proactied thuin, they' seemed Lo grow excoodingly udiguant, ~a1l bands bristliug up theis Lscks, and vopplng therr jows tuzether, as if they had a no- tion of ‘makiog & mesl ol me. When sbout 100 yuras frou; iaem, the largest, sdvancisg to the front, delibecatoly bfl‘m 10 approach uso, louklny the vory Dictatre of wrath snd iudizoatlon, ssif he craved Lhio houor of dispusing of mo atoace. with. ot aselsiivca. As be advanced. tae othors ox. vresssa Loslr mpulauss. by rounds of buofs aud &rcat povving of the lawa.” My Lorsy becawe uue enry, and, as the advancing rascalseemed bent on gbattis and Jdisplayed two formidahle taske, T becs aneas, in torn, and, thinklog 1 "had. belter. Jook oot for "my Iraived my rifie and rent & _mars of lead tbrough his body.” He fell dead. The others, on seeing this, ralsed & bigger boofing and popping then ever, and T expected 8 charge en mnes . bt 88 they were not precipiate abant it, I dismountedt {0 view the dead auellst. The others then retired toward the orush, slowly and' doggedl. montly tall-foremost, When in the brush disappearea: but1 atill beard them bonting and Deoping quite near at hand, as If they wera .nh an- determined whether to charge apon mo or nat, | lind no doubt I could eaclly get s battle oat of them, it 1 chose to conrt It, An I aporosched the dead brave, who deiiberate- Iv bronght an hin own destruction by marching ont 10 attack 8 hearily-armed traveler wno had in no- fered with him, my nostrils wereassaul ed by a fog of odor whicn was weil-nigh_unenduf sble. Beeing I had alaina. Peccary. | delermined Lo learn all about him, let him stink neverso loud- '{‘ I judged him to welzh about tlzty bounds. and iherefore abont thesize of s emall hog or shoat. Hiiahead wan toobig for his body, and his short, thlck neck showed that he bad great strength, Hia hayp was coarae and bristlr, and ro_ ong aboit the o that 11 might almost be called 8 mane, He had a mere stamp whera the tail ought (o be, and hin tvas evidently not the result of m misfor tuno 0z nurgieal operatlon, for I obrerved no tail on his friendn. His color was of a darkish-vellow or dirty- red, and the halrs were ringed with vanous m-rln orshades. There was a faint band of whiteat tho oot of the neck, partly on each shoulder, resemb- Uinza collar. e bore his perfame on his back. cloge to the tail, In & lnmp or awciling quits as b as theflet, As this Jump continually d charging its odor, I forbore 1o examine it closely. This udor was o 20d In s:all doses might not be unpleaeant: but, a8 he gave it forih, 1t wan cor- talnly tremendous, tnsomuch that I required to have great resolution to atar by him. He differed from o hog In that his hesd was more poitted, his ears much emaller and almost buricd in the halr, and his formidable taska turned upward Jostead of backward, . On hin hind feet hie had butons nppet toe, instead of two 8 the common hog, | am told that they live on nuta, roots, berrles, and scurn to cat the unclean- !{ food which the domestic hog will revel In, The exane somelimes eac (hem, and eay that, when fat, they make & very fair vork or bacom, if the etink-pouch ls saken off as auon ax they are shot. 1t it 1s left on cven for & few moments, the whole body becomes Infiteated and cannot ba eaten, ‘The Texans sometimes cali there mnimale Javalin the Mezxican e, —but ge; 11y the Musk-H ‘They sometimes enter a cultivated fleld and play Lavoc. Dogza are mortaily alraid of tbem, and cannot be Induced to sttack them, 'The Texans eay they are the most dangerous animals in the country, —panthers, bears, wolves, and lions being as nathing compared to them in courage and feracity, If & man on foot encounters them. his only hope s toclimb & tree, and they wili tnen hang round him sometime for hours. They are Pmnuhly the gamest rascalson earth, . , o It n eaid tney are mlways ready for a fight, and, be- coming once engaged, they Know no retreat. THE IPENGUIN, A naturallst (M. Velain) accompanging the French expedition to the Islands of 8t. Paul aud Amsterdam in 1874, for the purpose of obsery- Ing the Transit of Vcnus, ins lately published an account of the fauna and floraof these fslands, In the description of the blrds that werc met with, the penguin has a large space by reason of Its very curlous aod lwaya enter- taining habits. The penguins begin to lay in the month of September, and countless num- bers anoually assemble upon the Islands of St. Paul and Amsterdam at the time of breeding. M. Velain observed the birds at thelr nestiug etations with the deepest interest, and came to thie conclusion that, instead of belug the stupld aufinul they are popularly consldered, thoy are really gifted with v icommon powers. Alynor sisof M. Velain's account, which is givenin Nature, says: At the time nf the arnval of the exrmlflon (Oc- tober), the birds were preparing 1o hatch. Each air kept entirely to themselves. Fach nes' had wo eggs, —large, nearly round, of s dirty.white color, but marked hero and there with & few ret spots. Both birds partook of the carci tendant on the incubation, sud took turn about on the nest. The bird off duty would st onco make for the aen, faitbfully returning at the sppoluted time, and never falling to waddle direct to its own neal. thoush no human_peing couid see o dif- ference hetween the thonsands that were strewn ut, Bometimes the whole camp of birds would have to be traveraed ere tho nest songht for would be galned, and a bird trying to make & short cut wonid be sure to be attacked by those whom it d d, t all (olerant of one an- prova (hat they are not tupid, for surely neither stupld people nor stapid birds ever quarrel. On M. Velain arriving in thelr anidst, they wonid one and all set up sn immenae and beyond all messure tunning cry, but roon they would calim down and seem nat to mind hia presence, The incubation Iasted for five woeks, 'be little ones made their appoarance covercd ali overwith & fine. clise down, and looked lice Lalls of Bue, gray-colored wool. They soon got tired of tha ‘comforta of their nes began to as. semble, together with their little brothern and mistera of the same colony, In lare infant ackiouls, which arc preslded over by some of the scdata old birds. Many times a day, at siated Intervaln, they ato fed: the other portions they spond in sleoping and talking, and a littls fighting,” Space will not permit us (o refer ta many corious details about their swimming leesons, TOE SOUFFRIERE BIRD., Mr. Fred A. Ober is studying the natural his- tory of tne {slands of the Caribbean Ses, under tho ausepices of the Bmithsonian Institution. He has already been eogaged in the work over s year, and there {s a prospect thaysome time will yet clapse cre he haa completed the labors as- siguedbim. Inalate private letier to the ed- itor of Porest and Stream, Mr. Ober gives somo interesting particulars concerning the canturc of an nuecdmul‘x rare bird. The accouut bears the date of Bt. Vincent, Jan, 23, and reads as follows: 1 have explored the crest of the Sonflriero, tho crater of the great volcauo, where 1 camped fivo days and nights in 3 cave, hunting for the mystical *Souflrlers Bird,"—n blrd always hesrd (. that mountain-top, nowhera else. From the st trees covering and hiding the deep gorged tha the Hp of the crater, conie straine of most delic! melody, yet strangely mild and melancholy, one ever saw the bird, much lesn had any cantured it listener that the notes of The blac| ¢ st one of & party who hears it wiil Twas tho drst of my pasty, as T was, alone; but that has not excrclaed a depi fect uvon mo during my {llness, 1 found in 8 bank which protecicd ma from the trade-wind, and thers 1 lwung‘ my bammock and camped for Bvoduys and nights,” 3,000 feet above sea-love}, with nilet and raln slways desconding, 1 capturai that myaterious bird, ~fve of him, ~and carried fo town tho first ever acen there, My ** Camp in & Cave," with all ite attendant dticomforts, will soma day be fully writtenout. 1 think I found an- other bird there, —can't tell. After that [ lived 1wo weoks with the Caribs, collecting such words and traditions ss I could, with a few picture ‘There nre fow birds hero. “The most beautiful s the {aland parrot, bird of rare beanty, which I have got, Lut wiiose habits I've not suficiently ob- served i and, If ever | ai ong enough to camp agatn, 1 s}l do s0 amonis the mountalas for that purpose, No one It posseased n Illcllrafllnn for the few birds ci mand, the BRIEF NOTES, Mr. W, H. Dall, of the United States Coast- Burvoy, is contributing & futl account of the Alcutian Islands to the Juurual of the Bremen Geographical Boclety, A dead woodpecker was pleked up In the streots of Belvlaere, N J., & fow days ago, with the bil} {mbedded In a bit of wood. Tha blrd had probably struck tbo wood with such force as to tear it from Its surroundings, and, uuable to id its beak of the compreas, perisied of suffo. cativa. * Licut, Weyprecht has published an elaborate paper on tha auroral obscrvations taken during the Austrian Arctle Expedition. A careful com- paruon of the observatious of wind aud baro- metrical pressure at and sbout the timeof occur- rence of auroral phenomena, falled to show any conoection between these displays and storms. Tt is proposed by the French Government to devote 170,000 francs to the servive of scieutiic explorations dunnfi the present year. Thirty thousand france will be granted to MM, Andre and Angot, in Culifornis; 40,000 france to M, Rondalre, Tn aid of bis work in Algeria; and 100,000 francs to the Abbe Debalze, to suatalu hls explorutions ln Central Africa. ‘The Burlingtou Free Press pubiishes the inter. esting statement that, on the Sth of February, 8 nest contajnlog three young birds was Joun: lo a spruce-tres standivg io 8 plece of wooalaud. Thbu pareut Lirds aru descrived a8 belug of the size of the blue-blrd, of a grayhih Inleklud the male haviug a reddish breast with dark wings. ‘The red crossbill nests fu January or February {n a temperate climate, and the birds in question were probably of this species. Recent obaervatjons shaw that the spocles of ant, Formica subsgrices, domesticate the cater- pillar of some spesles of Lycmoidw, making the same use of it as ¢¢ plant-lice, or apbides. *Tho lower seguicuts of the abdomen were continual- 1y gently stroked by the snteuna, fo the famlil- iyr wunuer ‘of ants when soliciting houey-dew from_uphldes.” 'Tho caterplilar of Lycmua pecudargiolas is fouud 1o pussces organs [n tha upper parts of the last segtueuts appareotly dee signed or fitted for the exudstivn of some fuid. Lieut. W{'u‘ who {s at ilic head of Lhe expe- dition sent by the Colombl.a Renubiio to detor mive tho feasibility of cutting a ship-canal across the latbmus oll:)d‘utnm Teports thn.!o{ hl«h' Pl'um routus suguestod.—ous by way o a River (nufrlbumy ol |nu"l‘uvrn) and tho Ca- uulrel, aod the other,,wore to the north, sloug hho Valloy of tho Tuplea,—iba latter is Droba- ly tho tuure practical, althougn nut completely examined. Llent. Wyse considers that, with ordinarg encrgy and peraeverance, the construe- tion of & canal " scross Colomblaa territory may be Jooked upon as a certalnty, At a l1ate meeting of the Middletown (Conn.) Bclentific Association, & paper was read by Mr, John 1. 8age upon the birds observed by the suthor within the iknita of his orchard and gar- den, sltuated In the most thickly-settled part of Portland, Conn. In thls restricted locality seventy-two species were noted, or nearly one- third of the uumber of speciea Inhabiting the State. ARMY NEWS, HEADQUARTERS OF TIIE ARMY. Wasnixeton, D. C.—Special Orders No. 67,— By direction of the Secrelary of War, the following changes are mede inthe statfons and duties of officers of the Quartermaster's Department: Lient.-Col. A. J. Perry, Deputy Quartermaster General, ta relleved from daty in the Departmen of Texas, and wlil repoart to the Commanding Gen ersl Depariment of tho Past for assignment to duty as Chief Quariermaster of that Department anc Post Quartermaster at New York City. Ma). d, O, Sawtelle, Quartermanter, is relieved from dnty in the Depattment of the East, and wiil report in person to the Commanding Genersl Department of the Columbis for assignment to doty as Chicf Quartermaster of that Department. Ms), B. C. Card, Qslrlumlllur. s relleved ~from daty in the Department of Dakots, and will teport in permnn ta the Commanding (iencral De- vartment of Texaa for atalgnment to duty as Cuief Quartermaater of that Depatiment. The oflicers named will be temporarily relicved of thelr prevent. duties by officers to be designated by their Divielon Commanders, to ensble them to comply with this arder. the Secretary of War, Capt. Iy direction of Thomas Wilson, Comm!ssary of Bubslstence, will proceed to Waterfown, Mass., and fnepect tha subsistence stores on hand at the araenal at tunt place, and recommend such dieposttion as he may deem proper of those not requircd for aale or fnano At the post, returning to hia station upon the com- pletion of this duty. Speclat Oriders No, 0,—By direction of the Sec retary of War, Capt. C, E. Dutton, Ordnance De- partment, fa ralleved from daty as Chief Ordnenca Ofiicar Department of the Platte, to enable him to complete the duties speciied in_Jolter of instruc- tlons to him from tals office of ‘Dec. 1, 1877. DEPARTMENT OF TUE PLATTE. lzapquantens, Owana, Nob.—Speclal Orders No. 24.—Second-Lisut. Robert A. Lavell, Foar- teenth Infantry, is hereby relleved from duty us member of the General Court-Martial, convencd st Fort Hall Agency by Speclal Orders No. 145, rerien of 1877, and Special Orders No. 5, carrent nertes from these Headquarters, and deiailed as Judge Advocate of the same court, in _place of Second-Licul. Joseph Mall, Fourteenth Infantry, who s hereby relieved. Special Orders No. 20.—First-Llent. Willlam B. Welr, Ordnance Department, baving reported to the Department, Commander. in complianco with Speclal Ordern No, 23 carrent seties, tlead- quarters Milltsry Division of the Missourt, will procoed to Fort D, A, Rusacll, W. T., and feport to_ile commanding ofticer for duty ss ordoance officer at that post. Flrst-Licot. Phineas P, Barnard, Fifth Cavalry, {» authorized to report in person to the command’ ing officer at Fort McPhorson, Nebraska, for tem- porary duty, tocomplcie business fu connection with bis former dutles as Asstatant Quartermaster Atthat post. Upon completion of these duties, the commanding ofticer, Fort McPherson, will order Lisut, Harnacd to rejoin his company at Fort McKinney, W, T, DEPARTMENT OF TIE MISSOURIL. Hxanquanrens, Fort Leavexwontir, Kaneas, — Special Order: econd-Licat. J. 8. Jouett, Tenth Cavalry, and party, will report to i mmanding officer of Fort Leavenworth, Kai , for the purpose of receiving and condaet. ing to Fort 8111, Indlan Territory, the recrnits now at the former post beloneing to companies of the Sixteenth Intantry serving at Forta 81l and Reno, Indian Territory, Second-Lieut. Thaddens W. Jones, T%nlh Cave llr{’. will proceed from Fort SI1l, Indfan Territory, to Kort Clark, Tesns, and report to Capt. John N, Cralg, Tenth Infantry, Records a witness be- fore & Court of Inquiry, W harged from further attenaance befors the coart, Lient. Jones wilt rejoin hta company at Fort 811, Indian Terri tory. 5 Private . B. Harrls, Company K, Twenty-third Infantey, {s heroby detailed on apecisl daty sy clerk at these headquarters. He will reportat ance ta the Judge-Advocate of tho Department for daty in his ofice, His descriptive list will be sent to thie office, - First-Liout. J. G Leefo, Nineteenth Infentey, snd Lieut, C. 1), Cowles, Twenty-third Infantsy, are heredy defalled as members of the Genera Court-Martial convened at Fort Dodge, Kaneas, by Bpecial Orders No, 18, corrent serles, from these Beadguarters. Firet-Lieut. 8, It. Stafford and Second.Lisats, J. F. ¢. Hegewald and 1. D. Michell, Fifteenth In- fantry, wre hereby apbointed as members of the General Court-Martial convoned at Fort Wingate, New Mexico, by Special Ordera No, 08, aegics of 1877, from thess headquariors, MISCELLANEOUS, Leaves of absence havo been granted Capts, A, ‘W, Allyn, Sixteenth Infantry; George P, Price, Filth Cavalry (extended): Lieut.-Col, James Von Voont, Slxteenth Infantry; Second Lleuts. Fred- erick Schwatke, Third Cavalry; F. W. Kingabury, Second Cavalry; Goorge T. Chaso, Third Cavalry (extendcil) ; and Assistant-Burgeon R. 8, Vickery, U. 8. Army, BILLA BEFORE CONGREAR, H. Tt 8,871, For the relief of_Luther Cole, a pri¥ata fo'Couipany I, Eloveuth Unitod States Tn- antry. H. {L 3,880, Inrelationto the promotion of oMcern In the un}l’. H, i 3,801, Forthoreliefof John Beolt Payne, Captain Fifth United States Cavalry. L It 3,804, For the rellel of Capt, Egbers Thompuon, Unlted States Navy, . R. 198, Authorizing the sppointment of Commissioners {0 aacertain on what terms & mu- tuslly beneficlal treaty of commeros with Mexico can be &z inged, V0 “For the reliet of F, W, Elbrey, Captain and Assistant Surgeon, Uniled States Army., IL 1t 3,916, For the rellef of John \¥, Cheek, lato’ Captain Compsny D, Thirty-third United States Infantry, 1L, 1t. 1,020, ' Por the rellef of N, C. Poce, Cap- tain of Company ¥, Eightieth Regiment Iilinols Yoluntee! 1 023, Granting & pension to Jam: L It Hayes, rn ite in Company B, Thirty-ninth Hegis ment {1finols Volunteers, 1. 1, 3,082, For the relief of John A. Payn . 002, o, Second:Lieutenant Nintecuth Infantry, United Slates Army, 1L, R. 140, Froposiug an amendment to the tation' of tho Unlted States 50 as {0 elect ¥ dent and Vice-President by s direct vote of the people of the sevoral States, without the inter. vention of Presldentlal Electors, and preserving in the election the presunt relative power of tho iates, 11 1. 8,874, Authorlalng the Becretary of War to tranafer to certain uettlers whose lands were in- cluded within the Fort Hartsuft miiitary reserva~ Nobraskn, auch portions as sro not necdes on,. In for military pury N 11,11 3. D3K. For the relfef of JameaD. Wood, fato Captatn and Asslstant Adjutant-General, FOES, Thank Fate for foes] 1 told mine dear As valued friends, 1Mo cannot know ‘The xest of lifo who runneth here Hia carthly race without & fos. Teaws prize, * Run," cried my friend; *+*'T{s thine ta claim without & duuvt, vro | half-way reached the oud, 11t my streogih was giviag outs My foe laoked on the while 1 ran; A scornfu) trlumph 1it ble eyes. Wilh that perverscncae bora ia uisa, 1 norved mysolf, sod won the prize, All bliuded by tha crimson glow v Of sin's dlegrace, I tamplod Fate. #+] know thy weakness!' snovred my fos. T saved myscl nd balked bis haie, For half my blessings, bhalf my gain, I newds must thank my truely foo; Desvite bis eavy and disdaln, o warves mo ‘well where'ez 1 go, 80 may I keephim tothebod, Nor il his enmity sbatag More falthful thaa the fondest friend, Mo guards me ever with bis hate. Erea Wazaiss, LONGING. O baaatiful gates of Feaven, Al Uanh:d: :’n“ -IHX‘:::‘.‘ ul. 100 gl nd giv Abfiu the lu‘don atara. 7 Let moe catch but » ateain of music From the barps of the angel cholr, Far oft, low, and delicious, Leat | tretble, faint, and expire. Give me & sound of the murmur 18 st i ; 1o, "And binish all thougbts of srife. . £oon, s00s may your pearly portal Ou Its o hingzes swiny, AN L as chraptased, Wathortal, pata, ice of the Kiog. ”AHLIIEI‘:# oy Tig iy ‘x. Macw, Asother llhn.\-rlck Comlog, k A lttlo grandoephew of Prince Bismarck was sitting outhe Prlm.t'n kuee, when bo suddenly cried cut: *‘Oh, uucle, I hope 1 shall great man lke you wheu I grow upl Wby, my childi? ..E;a bis uncle. * Becauso Jou are so great, and cvery ono f{cars you.” * Wouldn's you rather every ous loved 1(;1“'" The cbild o whueupl ove 0 oy o b1 ar whieu oe oya y 3 when r.‘l'n:y l:u you they let you chicat thea