Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 8, 1878, Page 4

FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1878. Russian policy. I am mors Russinn than the Russinns themselves.” Those exnggor- ated words nra simply the language of in. tenso and uncontrollablo passion, and thoy are inapired by tho delusion on the partof the Turkish Minister that England has violated her faith with Tutkoy by not inter- . THE CHICAGO TRIBUN ¢ resistance is mseless and foolish, ‘The | Capital, and of that portion of the cosst | How succesaful it was in the firat inslance @I c @t’lh’u’xc Gazette soys: *1t sholl insist that | of the /Egean Boa extending from Enos | we have already scon; its succoss in the ' & | silvor dollars bo treated with tho same | to Mekri, these points being to tha northenst | second is more problematical. Thetendency confidence as gold, and not ns n daungerous | and within a short distanco of Gallipoli. [ of modern education is in the dircction of TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. beast to ba restrained, but a3 n good to be | Thess advantages of the Russian occupa- socularization; and this in spito of the hod to the ntmost.” We print tho articlo | tion have euficed to set all “England | excrtions of tha Church to hold on to its clsowhero. This defoction of tho Gazette | ablazo with fury at what is termed the possessions, and the efficient aid it often resobtalives in Washington were, imprimis, Col. Prrroy, whom Buzry describes 4 “an attenuated young porson,” with an *absurd consequence derived from the accidontal fact that ho ealied Mr. Truoex nuele; ilem, Mr, Davio Duprry Fizeo, who was o swash. ‘uckler and a blatherskite, and whose blus- frandulent. That Las been tho invariable exporience of this and wo supposc of alf other Governments, In tho old time, when o drawback was allowed on Now England mm made from imported sugar, the draw. backs consnmed all the dutios collected on sugar and brought the Tronsury in debt, AT MAIL~~TN ADVANCE—TOS! §:§li§1".","3.',?'um will leava a big gap in the ranks of tho gold- | Czar's duplicity, and Liberal opposition | receives from the gdverning classes. ” fering in hor behalf. The sontiment of | fering noithor enconrnged one side nor | Our presont arraugemont of sugar-duties iy o 'fdv‘:'t'.'vm jtes which canuot bo filled. The goldites ara | to the £6,000,000 vote is practically at an The strongth of Prus IX. with his people | Sxnvzn Pashn is undoubtedly the sentiment | frightoned tho other; item, Mr. Aspax 8. | mfficlently open to frauds srithout adding t{’::!"if‘e'c’.!‘"".."'“ now in the condition of Turkey after Plevna | ond, the Forsrzn amendment, declaring was unquestionable, 1t waa derived in largo | of the Turks, but it is none tho less fla- | Hewirr, plothorio as to pocket but dyspop- | the drawback bounty to encourago fravd, was taken nnd tho Bhipka Passstormed. | that no such ndle waa nocessary, havingbeon Qne copy, per year, Thoy ars nlready crying for a compromise | withdrawn. Russia is evidently preparing o e "9 | pence. Dut nothingless than the complate | for tho worst, as ft is statod that hoavy rein- @lve Post-Uftice address o faill Inelading Btateand | antonomy of tha silver dollar, the opening | forcements ara ym‘n;lng into Bulgarin and County. of the Dardanelles to the free navigation of | Ronmelia, and fresh levicshave been ordered r::txf'g:::f:::\er:la’r';: :‘:fl:e:&t’fl:{l:r”.“:’;‘n::flv:;-‘ silver coin, bars, bullion, and certificates, | nt home. It appears scttled that the Dritish ||1“m.:nsm1c“! fl:::f’g'::fi-w ik the surrender of Conatantinople and of the | Government gn:lm protest against what is Dally; detlveeed, fusday exeet - | nold-clad fleet which has committed snch | genorally roganded as tho virtual ocoupation lfli;:.:"'md' b"‘l"'w'fx{ !flfigxd&%smc:)fi;;fim\‘::b gnpmdlflonu upon the prosperity of the | of gonsunllnoplo, even though ‘no Rnsal:: Comer Madison and Destborn-ste., Chieago, Il § conntry will ho naccepted as satisfactory, | soldiers are within the limits of tho sscr ES&T& l-’:é‘:s(a': fig;;l;“r:lz‘t’i’:: xc:::fi;:?;:‘:;: There must bo indemnity for the past and | city; and it nlso appoars settled that Russia Willrecelye orompt attentlon. | security for the future. . will not budge from her fosthold witliout a = e e struggle that will sheke tho OContnent of TRIBUNE BRANCH OFFICES. “Thera seoma to be some roason for appre- | Europe, Tnx CricaGo TRINTXE has established branchofices ) hending that the Land.Office Commissioner ————— for the receipt of subscriptlons and advertisemaents 89 [ ot WWashington ia shortly to render o decision 'DEATH OF THE POPE. ! T Y ORK—TRtoom 20 Tribune Duliding, F. T. Mc- | in favor of the Varextine scrip sharks, and The career of Pros IX,, which was brought Faoney, Manager. i which in effect will pormit the location of to an end yesterday by death, was remarka- n"ai""iv::‘;::n““”- 10Ttue de 14 Graoge-Datetlere, | ) ooy upon Dearborn Park and a portion | bl for many things. It his Pontificate had A 4 '~ American Exchange, 440 Btrand. | of the Lake.Front property, It ia difficult been distinguished only by its length, it to beliove that so flagrant an outrage upon | ¥ould ave bLeen without a parallel. To the rights of tha City of Chicago will be per. | have been fifty years a Bishop and thirty- Dotrated ; if it fs, it will not be submitted to | one years a Popo is in itself tha record of a without first oxhausting every remedy, Con- memornble lifothme, Nor is this all, or the gross should anticipato the nction of tho | wmost, that can bo said of the Into Pope. o ZLand-Commissioner by promptly pnssing the | Wa8 concerned in o momontous warfaro be- bill confirming in Chicago the titlo fo the | tween tho tomporal and ecclesiastical power ; lands which, by & technical flaw, were im. | 80d, though dofented in tho end, ho acted porfectly dedicated by the United States, In | slways with such dignity and discretion that this wny the land-sharks can be effectually ho did not lose tho affections of his people. choutod of their prey, and thore ought to bo | e wrought a peaceful revolution in tho no dolay in supplying the necessary legiala. | doctrines of the Church. He established tion to effect that object. discipline in evory part of his dominions. ¢ omm— o waa n power, unseen but felt, in every * A good portion of the Senate's timo yos- | Court of Europo. Finally, ho left a reputa- terday was devolod to the consideration of | tion for personal purity and worth which is nomsinstions in oxecutive session, and some | ou inhoritanco to the Church, the fame of progresa wos made in clearing the calendar | which will hide the historical iniquitics of of nt lenst ono strongly-contested sppoint. | Bome of his predecessors. ment—that of Hoxtanp, of (eorgia, to be Prus IX. began lifo as a political ruler ad- Minister to Brazil. Tho fact that Hizraarp | vocating advanced democraticidess of govern- is n Domocrat nnd was n socessionist | ment. In 1847 howns regarded as n reform- furnished tho only resson that could bo | er. He was understood to bo n Pope who urged by Senntors Epxuxps, CoNxuma, and | bad brought not peace, buta sword, into the ILamoy against bis confirmafion. Tiwey | world. His sympathics were with the poor fought him stubbornly on this ground, but | and the oppressed as agalnst tho rich and the solid vote of the Democrats, togather | tho powerful. He proposed the moat radi- with the support of Marrnews, 1foax, Bony. | eal amendments of the political Constitution stpe, and OmnisTIANCY, socnred 8 small ma- | which then governed tho Papal States, and jority for confirmation. Tho next fight of | himsclf investigated and corrocted the jmportance will be on tho nomination®of | abuscs that had crept into their administra. Wirranson for Collector of Customs at New | tton. The conduct of tho Pope inflamod the Orlesnr. Mr. Conkurxe's Committeo on | imeginations of young andardent politicians, Commerca lina reported agninst confirmation, | Ho waa bailed as tho champlon of liberty. and nn organized offort will be mado tode- | Dresms of o new brotherhood of foat it. man fook possession of many of his Oy disciples. The OClurch was transformed It fa not strange that Judge MOALaasTER f gor 5 timo into n propagands, nnd shonld ot lost bo taken to task by o lawyer | g Cathalic religlon wan called the religion on acconnt of his setting asido the Vagrant | of }gmanily. This enthusiasm was short- net ns unconstitutional. The legal points < . lived, The Pope, though thon comparativi mado sgainst Judge MoArnsTen's docision Iy a youn.:,' ml;n', wmum old mrpum pu:-: may bo bricfly summarized asfollows: (1) It | posest of his now companfons. They fol-' iaa rulo of law to eo construo o statuta as | joyveq fastor than he could load. Ho resisted to render it effectual, wlion posaible, rather | ghoir extremo mensurcs at first mildly aod than seck a coustruction to defont it. (2) Tho | sftarwanis with all his might; #nd in n Constitation of the Stato provides for o | ghort time, instead of being in advance of jury trial, and under this authority n Judge | hig times, ho found himself a resctionary of sy order n jury trial, upon application of | on oxtrems type. Wiitover of onthusinsm defendant, even if thero were no provision | yomained aftor tho Popa’s refusal to grant for such’ trial in the entiro Oriminal Code; | the roforms demanded of Lim by the Roman and (3) the so-called V‘K““" act was passed | hoople was dispelled by bis Right to Gasta a8 an amendmont of Becs. 270 and 271 of | and residonco thoro; and the newly-born tho Criminal Code, for which the Code ox- | Democracy was strangled whon Fronch sol. prossly provides a jury trial. Judge McAz- | giory brought Prus back to Roma in 1850, 1isTER 6ots great store upon the atrict and | gpg fustalled him over a reluctant people. techinical construotion of the law as he finds | At tho point of contact with French affalra it; but here Lo is met on his own ground, | tho foroign political policy of Pius IX., took and o strict. constrnetion required him to | jg departore, The gratitudo hoe felt townrds suatain tho Vagrant got iustead of brosking | 70015 Navozeon for his soldiers mnde him it down, by simply ordoring o jury trial | ylgayg o friend of tho Empire; and what when demanded ; such a construction would over tho Church could do t hold th liave boen the shortest nnd most obvious, as 3 i arad 2 dynnsty was honestly dono. DBut Prvs was well as in the Interests of the community, | glways moro inclined to uso civil power for but ho proferred to go far out of the way ¥ the aggrandizoment of tho Church than to sud nntngonize the interests of tho com- | coptribute of his own rosources to any more- munity pending n declslon of the Supremo | Jy temporal power. Frauce was used by Court, S ———— Rome in the war with Germany, and tho A Now York dispatch to 'Tnz Tamone defeat of Franco was crushing to the aspira. Bald; ™% | tions of Rome. Ttmado way for the harsh laws New Yon, Feb, §.—The principal brokers who | Of the German Empiro agninat the Ultrainon- s spani R 0 Saivs SERLE | e linened 1wl afes ol wrgpad r ‘\‘ui:lxl(m. ‘fhey sy that I:::\l:'nur:: sty "-n;l‘ sixty gw l“'-l'“ssfl ;:‘;Gm%‘"fl ]mw“utl:lom tho millions of bonds wers roturned from Kurouo | Papacy itself. co Brasanck could eafoly hrough this clt . 3 é:‘-'n"n'l': «Hz?n»f'-&;fl%'}‘hon. u"{ellla'.'flfll:f%;\:s."y:"{; Bay, after the war of 1870, wuat he might 108t tutal cow exportation, B atian 1 Canrvear \Whatevor ey 1y | 20 linve carod{o sy befors, that thio German fa to be setiled, ihe sottlewnent of tho quesitou | Emperor did not intend to go to Canossa. T e oy, o th countey Whl | Thero huvo boen other rulers in Enropo dnr- Tho goldite brokery, of course, would say | 108 the lifutimo of Prua IX, who have boen that; but thero lu anothior cause {n oporation | illing to mako & pilgrimage almost ns bumilisting. Spain has been torn and ront by internal convulsions three times within a dozen yoars; and the last change was pro- vastly stronger than the silver agitation which Is sonding the bonds home, and that causo is likely to continue after the milver duced at tho expense of popular rights and in the Interest of tho Romnn Church. Bl gium is to-day govorned by the Ultramoutano question is settlod in Congress. It is called the *baluuco of trade.” The exports of the porty. Franco is engaged in a struggle with the principle of Ecclesloaticlam in civil United Btates exceed the imporis by twolve to fifteen millions o mouth, The Europenn bankers must either sond us that sum in gold overy thirty days, or remit bondu to New affairs, and the Iate sorfous political situa- tion there wac due entirely to: the clerienl influence. Ounly the Gorman and Italian Btates of those which acknowledge tho York and sell them to make exchange with which to pay for tho bread- Cathollo faith have achioved thelr indepond- cnce in matters of religious opinion, stuffs, meats, cottem, - petroloum, and othoer products of this country that are not Two dogmas Lave boen imposed upon the COhygcl by Prva IX,, either one of which Lalauced by thoir exported manufactures. There 18 groat struggle going on between Englaud aud Gormany to retain what they mu X o 1njnrlous i 118 wrong, but: enoof which bas 50 important & bearing on political governmont that it has overshadowed tho other. Tha Imumaculate Conception was, in tho opinion of anti-Catholics, comparatively au innocont, if a foolish, statemout of an old doctrine, which Lad received credit, in ono fora or anothor, whorover thg Christian religion liad flourished. ‘The monument to the author of this dogina was talt to be an extravagance of o plece with the work it was designed to commemoarate; but nefther the work nor the memorial of it was much re. garded by the Christian world outside, Not such, however, was the fceling with roferonce to the dootrine of Infallibility, This struck at the roots of civil euthor. ity, and gave to every citizen a divided duty. It was csteemed a dangerous assump. tion for any power to make, that allegiance was owing to it before tho domands of the Hiate wero sativfied; and it was not until this dificulty was overcome by convenient sophisms that Infallibility was recognized by the common consont of tho Chusch, Per. bhaps civil powers Lave becn tho moro ready to admit the theory of Infallibility because thoy have known that practically it must olways bo o mere formula, ‘The Church has accommmodated jtself, with wonderful elas- ticity, to tho circumstances in which it finds itself placed. It never demands much more than it hos hopes of get- ting. In the United Btates it does not ask or expect what it oxacts in Bpain; and in England it surrouders the assumptions it puts forward in Frauce. It sought under Prus IX. to perpetuate its powors in civil affairs by two wethods, namely, the control of the Goverument through the affections of the wnssce, and tho control of the iuasses through the systom of primary education. measure from his personal reputation for purity and - nobility of charnctor. His mo- tives were not impugned, however seriously the wisdom of his acts was questioned. Ho was nn excellent oxecntive, and he left tho Church in a condition far more efficient than that in which he found it. All tho brother- hoods, and semi-socrst, semi-private organi- zations looked to him for assistance and on- couragement, and mover looked in vain, ‘When he died, ho was the head of the Church in fact as well ns in name. His nuthority waa nowhore disputed. lis name was no- whera spoken by Catholics except with affec- tion nnd venoration, and it will everywhere be cherished ms among those which bave obtained a blessed immortality. 1lis recon. ciliation with Vicron Esuinues, which was mado known on tho death of the Iatter a fow weeks ainco, will do much to endear the Pope to the Italian people. It was the last great act'of hirlife, and an appropriato close to his carcer. The Pope, who began his nd- ministration ns n liberator, fittingly ended it by extendisg forgiveness and the good offices of the Church to the man of all oth- ers who did most to put his early idens into operation, The question of the succession fs now tho grave one in European politics, If the new Pope adopt the suggestion of Father Coror, ond abandon the claim to temporal power as worso than useless, ho may hold all that Pivs IX. gnined and add to his possessions. ‘The opposite policy may involve the Papal Chair in disputo and danger. It is to bo ekpected that an Italian will be eleoted. With their high claims of genius in tho nrt of govern- ing, it is not likely they will con- sont to promote a rash Celt, or a liberal German, or a curious Frenchman to tho highest place. Tho Italinns have some of tho old Romon talont for fincsse in ad- ministration. Thoy know better than any of the contemporary statesmen how to stop on tho right side of the dead.line in, politics. Their habitual prndence was well illustrated both by Vicron Esnuanven and the Pope, when tho former offered to support tho Papal Government out of the Public Treasury nnd {he latter refused to accopt support from such asource. If the King had offered less ho would have incurred the displensure of his people. 1f tho Popo had taken what was offered he would have surrondersd his claims to tomporal sovereignty, The Italian instinet guided both sides. Whoaver tho new Pope may be, and whatever policy Lo may adopt, ho will have uso for oll his facul- ties. o will havo to solvo for himself the most important political problem the world has ovor known,—whether o Govorn- mont which proceeds from a central author. ity ond diffusos itself through the poople contains tho clementa of the truest ‘stability, or whother the domocratio principlo in Church affairs and in State affalrs is noarer to human naturoe. grantly unjust to England. In all the pre- liminary negotiations, throughout tho ses. slons of the Constantinople Oonferance, and ofter its fallare, the Euglish Government dis- tinetly notified the Porte that' it would not interfere in the war unless English interests ‘wern monaced or violated, and throughout the entire progress of tho war this declara- tion has boen reiterated over and over again, Lord Deasny, at the outbreak of the war, warned the Turks not to mako the mistake of supposing England would help them. Disgarss has moro than onco warned them. The Queen hersolf wroto to tho Sultan her personal warning. Tho London T¥mes, the great organ of the English people, has over sud over again notifled them not to look for help from England unless England’s interests ‘were In danger. Thoy have therefore Drought their ruin upon their own hends, for which Eogland is in no respeot responsiblo, Bhe could not avert it it she would, without arraying horsolf against all Enrope, and plac. ing herself in an attitudo of hostility to hu. mouity, olvilization, and the progress of the human race. Itis now too late to Leip her in any way, THE FIFTY-YEAR 365 BONDS, The Bonato Committee on Finance has ap- proved and reported Benator Warnicz's bill authorizing and dirocting the Becretary of tho Treasury to issue and pffer to the public $100,000,000 of bonds having fifty yoars to run,—falling due in the year 1928,—and boaring 8.05 per cent interest. Thd bonds aro to be issnod in donominations of $25 and upwards. The object of the bill fa right and proper enough, ‘Thoonly mistake in it is that it nllows subscription in groenbacks at thair value in coin. Thus, if groenbacks bo worth 98, 07, or 96 conta in gold, the pur- chasor of tho bond has to pay 102, 103, or 104, a8 tho cnso may be, in paper. At “tha present valuation of greonbacks the pur- chaser of a $26 bond will have to pay 25,62}, or moro than half a yoar's intercst sbove the par of the bond. There is *no justification for this requiremont, Tho Government issued its $1,600,000,000 of 5-20 bonds, now paynble, principal snd in- torest, in coin, and took greenbacks for thom when tho currency was worth only 60 centa in tho dollar. 'This was for 8 per cent bonds, It dan now, afier thirteon years of peaco, afford to take tho same curroncy at par for bonds bearing only 8.65 per cont in- torest. 1f the notes of the Government are not now worth par in coin, tho fault i that of the Government, and it bas no moral right to discredit or to rofuse to accept its own over-duo paper. Tho intorest on theso ‘bonds, while sufficlent, is not so high but that the Treasury can woll afford to accopt tho logal-tender currency of the country in oxchango for ita bonds, Tho exchange of 6 por cent bonds for 8.05 per cents is such an important saving of on- nual interest that {ho Qovernment can woll afford to accept its own legal-tender currency in cxchange for the new bonds. Morcover, the practice of the Government in oll ita dealings for taking up the old bonds and substituting now bonds has been to al- low the Syndicate } of 1 por centin tho naturo of commission and three months' intercet on the old bonds. These amounted to 17 per cont, leaving the Government 08} conta on tho dollar for tho new bonds. That {3 not any more than the present gold valuo of tha gresnbacks, which gay well bo taken by the Trensury in oxchanga for 8,05 bouds without any cost. But it is immaterinl what the value of the groonbacks msy bo; thoy represont dobts due by the Govornment, It cannot poy thom it has jasuod them and men aro com- polled to tako thom for wagoes and for all the products of their labor, and it is not just that the Government shall rofuso these notes in oxchange for its own bonds, It.isun- soomly that the Government shall have ono kind of money for nll debts due the people and snother kind for payments to itself, In a fow days, it ig to be hoped, weo will havo the silver dollar restored as n logal- tender, and then, with gold, silver, and greenbacks in circulation, all having an equal logal value, the Government mony well offer theso 8,05 per cont bonds in exchange for auy form of this outstanding legal monoy. 1low can the Government oxpoot to dispose of 8,65 per cent bonds in oxchango for gold g0 long as it Lias a 4 per cont bond to bo had at tho same price? If this bill be amonded 50 as to allow tho bouds to bo purchased by the people at pas in cither form of legal cur- rency, thero i3 no question that the whole £100,000,000 of long bonds can find pur- chasers. THE TRUE" VERSION OF THE PRESIDEN- TIAL “CONBPIRACY." Little Mr, Cuanprzu's little sensation about the Presidential * conspiracy,” so care- fully nursed by tho leadors amoung the Im- placablo Republicans, aud supplementod on the Democratio side by Mr. MoxTaomeny Braw's abortivo memorial to Congresa for an investigation, has dwindled down to such mlcroscopic proportions that {t will not hore. after be visiblo to the naked oye. The truo version of the whole affair scomy finally to liavo been furnished by Ar, A, O. Burzry, o Boheminn of cousiderable sprightliness who formerly scquired some notoriety as a young man whom old Zick OuANDLER was ouce en- goged in pursuing all over the country with & cane, & Umted Btatos statute, and nuwer- ous other more or less formidablo missiles. Mr, Bueer, who occuples about the same rolative importance to national politics as little Mr. Cuaxvies or Ma). Busxr, is just tho sort of pefson to discover an opportunity in o turbulent and confused condition of things similar to that pendiug the count of the Prosidentiat vote. He was then the Washington corruspondent of the New Orleans Democrat, which naturally brought bhim into familiar relations with Mej, Bosxs, who was in Washiugton as the spokeaman and representative of the Niouorrs Government. Au indofatigablenews-getharer of keen scont, with o lively porception of what is golog on, and enabled by long exporlence with political affairs ond mento forn a pretty ac- curate estimate of personal calibre and the drift of events, it is not strange that he suc. cosded in poking his nose into tho squabble, and that he thus acquired fuli information of the sentiments and purposes of the Bouthern Dewocrata. 1t became very evident to 3Mr. Buzry that thg Southern Democrats were heartily dis- gusted with Baocx Triozx aud bis follow- ing. When the struggle was at it height, nothing was heard of TiLpex except the daily bulletin of ths state of his health chronicled by the New York Sun. Iis rep- tic as to stomach and courage, These were the shining lights that illuminated Mr, Tir- pex's rond to the White House. It is not surprising that the Bouthorn Democrats made up thoir minds that TiLpex would naver get there in such Egyptian darkness. Maj. Burxe, naturlly inclined to take a practical, common-senso view of matters, was one of tho first to roach this conclusion., Bunge communicated his convictions to Buzrn, Buriy, perhaps, helped to infoct othier Southern men with tho samo notions. At nll events, it beoame evident to the South. orn politicians that the Trmpzx crowd wns composed of very wenk sistors, and that thoy had better do what they could to take care of themsolves and the interosts thoy repro- gonted. . Dut Messrs, Bunks' aud Buzwt wero not tho only ones who correctly apprehended the situation. Thers woro some gentlemen smong tho Republicans who could seo as far into a millstone s they could. There was one in particular who had the quick percop- tion and tho necessary couraga to take ad- vantago of the Domoeratic jangle, This was the Hon, COuanrks Fosren, of Ohlo. Ho had had no communiontion with Mr, Hayxs, and no authority to speak or actin tho lat- {or's belialf ; but he had been in Louisiana 28 o momber of a Commission during a some- what similar politioal disturbauce, he was woll satisflod as totho right and proper policy to pursue, nnd Lo was persuaded that Mr. Hares was tho samo kind of o Republioan ho himsol{ was, Without moro ado, with no uscless consultaipns, and without the slight. cst hositation, Mr. Fostzr went into the Mouso the next day and delivered tho con- cilistory speech which attracted so much nttention at tho time, which held out the olivo branch tothe Bouthern people, snd which deolared that, with Taves ne President, ‘*the United Statos flag would wave over States nnd not over provincos,” A few days after, Mr, Foster was in rocoipt of a letter from Gov. Hares, approving the sentiments which Fosten had expressed, and saying, in offect, that, if innugurated President, o would not omploy tho forces of the United States to prop up any State Government not sustained by thomnss of the people of tint Stats. Foster, withoutany preconcert, had spokenas 1Iaxes would hinve spoken himself, if it had ‘boen proper for him to make any publio ex- posttion of his viows nt that time, This lottor was the only forocast of his policy which Hayes mado during tho entire strugglo over the Presidontial count, and all tho ofroumstances of the case point to it as o simplo expression of personnl approval of what Mr. Fosten had said, and intended sololy for the gratification of tho latter. But Mr, Fosten, prompted by tho samo quick and shrowd judgment which had induoed him to make the spocch, saw & wider field of uso- fulness for this private lotter. As o matter of fact, Mr. FosTzs was more of o President- maker than the loud-mouthod OmaxDLERS OF Fienos on either sido. o showad the lotter to Buewy as just tho man to communicate its contonts to the Southern Democrats. Burwrstold Bunke; Bunke told others, and the go-botweons thus became of more conse- quenco and usofuloess than they ever wero boefora or probably ever will be again, The- result was not “*a" conforonce, nor *tho " conforonce, as Omanpren told the story, but a number of informal mestings at which the situation waa giscussed by liberal-minded Republicans on ono side and conservativa Southern Democrats on tho other. The probabloe polioy®of 3Mr, Haxs' Administra- tion was outlined, and the Southern Demo- crata sonsibly made up their minds that it was botter for ®thorr peoplo to accept peace and & falrminded Republic- an than to risk revolution for o silont, crabbed, and ancertain old Damocrat in Gramercy Park. 'Thero was no com- tract ; no papera wora signod ; nobody acted ns spokesman for Presidont Hayes, furthor than the singlo private letter to Mr, Fosrxn warrantod; everything was taken on faith, and the Bouthern Democrats wore determined not to be again bambaozled by Northern dougli-faces na they were just prior to the outbreak f the Rebollion. This version of tho affair is complote, and bears evory ovidence of belng, truthfal and accurate. It divests Mr. Cmaxprza's ¢ con. spirnoy " of all that dark aud torriblo mystery which overshadowed it. Mr. Cuanprea can now dauce away to the conspiracy music of #The Grand Duchess,” singing Cepas, co pns, Co p'tlt, piit p for his own mmusement, but ho will no longer furnish any diversion for the publio by his antica. DRAWBAOKS ON THE REVENUE. While Cougress hus the Tariff bill under considoration, it may uot be out of place to call attention to one of the gross abuses of the present law, aud ons whiob, if we under- stood tho Woop bill, it is proposed to per. petuato with all its deformities. Wo have beforo us o clroular from the' Becrotary of tho Treasury, dated Sept. 20, 1877, in which 1 nn alphabetical list of drawback rates, cov- ering four printed pages, and embracing a great varioty of articlos, The prineiple of this drawback spstem and its practical opera- tiou may be thus stated : An Awerican mant. fdoturer buys imported raw material which he mauufactures into exportablo goods ; whon he oxports the artloles he §s ontitled to draw from the Treasury a sum of money generally oqual to what would have beon tho duty on the manufactured article. In some things Lo is only ontitled to a drawback equal to the amount of duty paid. The duty on scrap iron s $6.40 per ton; aud the importer who manufactures 100 tons of this iron pays to theTreasury §540 duties. This iron he converts iuto bar, horseshoe, Lioop, ruilroad, sod drscroll iron, and exports the same, and is entitled to draw from the “I'vensury (he duties' he paid and 25 per cent additional, or 2676, Instead, therefore, of getiing revenue from tho imported iron, the Governmont pays the man a direct bounty of #185. Where sugars are imported on which the duty paid is 1§ or Asents per pound, and is exported as loaf, crushod, granulsted, dried, the importer receives from the Treas. ury asum equal to8,18 cents per pound ; or, if exportod as white coffee sugar, undried, 2.68 cents per pound. Oun a ton of sugar the im- porter pays 2 conts per pound ar $44.80, and when he exports this muu‘}o drawa from the ‘Treasury something ~over ' §71,— a direct bonus of nearly $237. This fs on'the assumption that the busincss is done honestly, but all vxperience shows that this system of drawbacks, resting exclusively on the oaths of the operators, i3 univenially The whole system of drawbacks is wrong, During the fiscal year 1877 tho payment of drawbacks exceeded $3,000,000, while thg duties collected from the articles importeq did not probably exaced $2,000,000, Wo nre not opposed to extending overy possible nid to manufacturos; on tho con. trary, wa are in favor of giving them every facility for the onlargoment and extension of their business, particularly in their produe. tion for a large oxport trado. But this can. not be done by resorting to the drawback system, Tho remedy is for tho free admis. slon of all raw material. All inmanufactured iron, copper, and other motals should be ad. mitted freo; all jute, hemp, manilla, and other material of that kind should be admit. tod frea; sll raw silk, cotton, and wool should bo admitted free ; all chemicala and dye.stuffs used in manufactures; all other raw material, of whatever kind, should ba admitted froe of tax. So long as wo have o debt, thera must be o large annual revenue collected from customs, "and hence such a duty must bo imposed upon manufactured goods as will yield & rovenue, and thus afford incidentally a pro. toction to the home producers, Grast Dritain encourages manufactures not by dnties on manufactured goods, but by allow. ing them to recoive raw material free cf all forms of taxes. ‘The ropeal of all duties on all unmanufactured materials entering into manufactures would be better than a pro. thctive duty of 20 por cent. It would place tho Amorican manufacturor for the first time in his history on nn equal footing with kis foreign rivals and still leave him the domes. tio market protected to the oxtontof the duties on manufnotured goods lovied for revonue, Tho Americnn manufaclurer cannol hopo to export his goods until the costof production will enablo him to sell in com. petition with his rivals, To do this ho must have the raw materials as cheap as they can be had by qthers, aud with theso at prime cost thero is no reason why he may not sell to thoso of whom Le buys as well as manu. facturors in other countries do. DBut tho sye. tom of drawbacks is vicious and unsound fn prineiple, is generally dishonest in practics, and should be extirpated wholly from the taridl, AMUSEMENTS. MeVicker’s Theatre. Madison street, between Etate and Dearborn. *Daby" and ** Darney tho Baron." Iinoley’s Theatro. Randolph strect, between Clark and LaSsite. Fogsgement of the Strakoscl Opers Troupe. *'The Bohemtan Girl." Taverly’s Theatre. . Monroe street, corner of Dearborn. Rogagement of McKee Dankin, **Tho Danites. Now Chlcngo Theatre. h Clark atrect, opposite Bhierman llouse. Engsge: wment of Den Thompson. **Joshus Whitcomb," Colircum Novelty Theatre. Clark street, betweea Washiogton and Itandolph, Varlety ollo. SQCIETY ME! NGS. 0. 160, A, F. and A, M.—~ iy (Fridsy) evening at s "nl?ll'.‘fi'?l(. J. Co HUW}!LL bee'y. WAUBANSIA LODG! WABHINGTON CHAPTER, No. 43, B A. M.~8pe- clal Convocation this (Friday) evenlog at o'vlock for Sori ot th RaTal ATeh RS eney Sl inatorioes, Jinpcoraialiy tavhie gy SRS, Willair, secy, .. NO. 33, A, F. and A, M.—Hall Communfeation thia (Friday) g; a ‘ciock for work. MembCrs are eari: estly Fequested L bo prompt in thelr atiendance ftora conilatly Invited, ukorigr.rrfir“g‘l{fim‘lg;u“, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1878, e CHICAGO MARKET BUMMARY, The Chleago prodace markols wers very fr- regular yesterday, owing to the war nows, bread- stuls belng active. Mess pork closed 7% @10¢ pee bel lower, at $10.27)@10.30 for March and £10.4213@10.45 for April. Lard cloned 23c per 160 oa lower, at $7.25@7. 2744 for March and §7.35@ for April. Beats wera casler, at 83,034 per bs tor buxed shouldera and $5.40 for do short ribe. Whisky was steady, at $1.03 per gallon, Flour waa in good demand, Wheat closed 1%c higher, ot 81.03% for February and 81.04% for March., Corn closcd ¢ highor, at 30¢ for Feb- ruary and 415@42¢ for May. Oats closed i¢c bet- ter, ot 23%;c cash and 20353 for May, Ryo was firmer, at Glc, Barley closed i{c bigher, ot 483%c for March. lHogs weradull at Go declino in pack- ers’ grades, closing ot 83.65@3.95. Cattle wers qulet and unchanged. Sales at $2.00@0.00 for wferior to fancy grades. Slieep wero ateady. Tho viuible supply of graln at tho close of last week is ftated at 0, 118,000 bu wheat, 56,503,000 by corn, 3,257,000 bu oate, 4,408,000 bu barley, and 784, + ©00 bu rye. On passage for thn United Kingdom: 1.3H0,000 quarters wheat and flour, and 477,000 quarters corn, Inspected Into store in thls city yusterday morning: G4 cars wheat, 137 cars corn, 20 cars oot, Bcare rys, 20 cars barley, Total, 204 cars, or 107,000 bu. Ounc bundred collars in pold would buy 8102.00 in greenbacks at the close, Dritlsh consals wero gquoted at 05 7-16 andateriing exchango at §4.883, . The Journal is 8o hard driven on fts * 91-cent dollar ™ nonsenso that it has taken refugoin downright misstatcment. It says that “[a France aud other Latin Unlon countrles most of tho silver 1s **subsidiary coln® for the “uscs of home traffic.’” This I8 o flat-footed falschood. A comparatively small proportion of the sliver lu France or the Latin Union is subsidlary. Oun the 15th of July, 1877, an of- ficlal statement was published of tha different kinds of colns In the Bauk of France, viz.: 008, 830, 000, P garwhn 318,400.000) et wersessneorerss 210,710,000 $154,020,000 of full lewat-tender sllver (calling a flve-franc pleco about the same as a dollar) aud only $10,160,000 in subsidiary colns, Tho quantity of silver in five-franc pleces in France fs estimated at $350,000,000, and when we bave that amount tn dollarsof 41233¢ ralos, with all tho former legal right re- stored beyond dispute, the country will then consider whetherit{s cxpedient to restrict the coloage, as is the case in Frauce and the Latin Unifon. If Frauce, with only 87 mililons of population, can keep, fn addition to her suo- sldlary cofus, 430 milllons of flve-franc pleces at par with gold, how many full legal-teuder-dol- lar pfeces cau the United States, with 45 mill- fons of {nhabitants, maintainat parwith gold! et — e The Democrats have commenced anotber tfraud ! campaign in Washington, Havsteap thinke the followlnz {s “neat, not gaudy,” aud shows tho anxlety that provalled in Demogratic clrcles to Inaugurate economy and reform: Ponruaxy, Nov, 28.—1, T, Peton, 15 Gra. mercy Park, New York: Certificate will be lasued +t0 one Democrat, Aast 'rnrchun ous Republican Elector to recogniza and sct with the Dewmocrat and lacmrmo voto and prevent tronble. leposit 810,000 fo my credit with Kouxtze Brothers, Wall streot. Answor, J. 1L N, Patnicx. I fally indorse this. Jas. K. Kxivy, Perhaps it may not bo forgotten that 15 Gra- mercy Park Is the resldence of Mr, TiLDEX. Thereply from that sacred spot was: *1f you make the obligation contingent on result in March 1t can be done.” The return from Oregon was: “One Elector must be paidto recoguize Domocrat, to secure a majority. This alsot 1lave employed three lawyel ditorof only Re ublican baver o4 ona lawyer ,000, Will fake 85, or Republican Xleclor; must raim money; can't mako feo contiuyent. Hall Ssturdsy, Kxruy and DzuiNoes whil act. The Conservative journals that are so deeply aetermined to keep down “ fraud,” should keep this mattor standing. It s very suggestive. e —— 1f the fierce struggle for gold contioues fa ‘Europe the contestauts will send over larger 18+ mittances of bonds to be sold for gold, aad that fs one of the dangers ahead of attemptiod to resume on tha single gold basis, After wo have remonetized stiver wa shall not be depend- ent on one abuormnally dear wetal; but troe policy will requiro of us to send over a stroug powerfully-supported Colu Cominlssiou to ne- gotlato with Germauy and England with s vigy to wodifylug thefr silver-demonetizing laws, and rostoriug that coln to larger use oo 83 agreed rutlo of welght to gold, DBut unless sil- ver be first remouotized fif this country notblog of that kind will bo done, as tho gold-bugs o the Eaat, belng bostlle to the bl-metallle staod- ard, may be counted on to render nugatory 80J° thing such & Commission might try to accon: plish, But remonetiza sii¥er, then the gold- bugs will bestlr themselves in behall of a Come mission, and do all fn thelr power to wake it8 1isslon & success. THE DOWNFALL OF TURKEY. If the reports, which, to say the least, are somewhat conflicting, concerning the occu. pation of Constantinople sre truo, for the first timo since the Turks occupied it in 1463 a foreign flag floats over the hoights around that imperinl city which, to the ‘Turks, I the supreme symbol of Mohamme- dan power, and tho Russians have stolon n march on England. Whilo members of Par- liament occupy day after day with long specches upon tho nccessity of making o supplomentary grant of £6,000,000 for army and navy purposes, in case Russin should threaten Constantinople, her viotorious troops are in virtual possession of the city, and it takes England two days to find it out, owing to the forothought of the wily Rus. sinns in cutting the Enropean wires and com- pelling Mr, Layarp to sond his dlspatch by way of India, To tho demand of England 'that Russia shall not ocoupy Constantinople the answer comes, ‘' We: aro hero; get us out.” To any possiblo claim of n simi. lar kind that moay boe aodvanced in the Conforenco will come a similar reply,. If heor army s in that city, Rusaio completes the conquest of Turkoy, and its occupation is tantamount to tho oc- cupation of all Turkey in Europe, Having obtained that part of the Turkish fleat which entercd the Danube and was unablo to ro- {urn, owing to tho torpedos which the Rus. sians planted, she dominates that rivor from Belgmda to tho Bulina mouth, Tho ovacua. tion and surrendor of the Quadrilateral fortresses givea her complete possession of the Belavic provinces justas the occupation of Constantinople will give her completo possession of Noumelin and the Black Soca. 1t tho malu part of tho Turkish fleet is on the Blnck Bes, it must surrender, If the nows bo true that it lina gono down to the Greclan const or into the Meditorranean, it is toa late for it to roturn. In elther ovont, the Dlack Hea Dbecomes Ruusian water, and Russln dominates the entrance to it. It is now too late for England to interfere with that ocoupation, The Turks, enraged at her, have given Russla everything, 1f shio has Constantinople, she holds tho pow- erful defenses of the Btraits, and the Euglish floot cannot pass them up to Constqutinople, Bhe has not tho forco to attack on land, Austria, oven if she were disposed to strike ot Russis, 1s s badly situated as England, for all along her border lis the Sclavid prov. inces, already under grms and holding in their grasp tho promises of complote frce- dotn, which they will never surrender, She 1ust fight her way through SBorviany, Rou. manlans, and Montenegrins, and overcome powerful fortrosses liko thoso at Widdin, Nisch, Palanks, and in the Quadnlateral, which have recontly been surrendered by the ‘Turks, before she can even reach the Russiau giant at oll. 8o long, however, as the German allinuce holds with Russis, and that aliance will hold justeo loug as Ger. many does not care to have Ruasia become an ally of Frauce, and just so long ss the enmity of Austria sgaiost Russia is the enuity of ouly ome of her maoy nationali. tles, sho will hesitate to attack Russla. The utter prostration of Turkey, und the willinguess she bas displayed to comply with every one pf the Russian demands, ars too sudden and widesproad in jhelr character to indicato that the surrender is merely a mat- tor of necessity. ‘There must be another element entering info it, and it is aptly illas- trated in tho remark of Sezvis Pashs, the Turkish Minister of Foreign Affairs, to the correspondent of the London Jaily News: 4 ¥ now abandon the English alliance, Ino lopger belicve in $he English pelicy, the Eoglish Government, or the English people. 1 accept the Russian policy and alliance. I am a partisan of thom. I believe i the Greenbncks ot the Now York Stock Ex- <linnge yesterdny closed at 98, The fornal opening of the Parliament of the Donnnion of Cannda takes place to-day ot Ottaws. An organization was perfected yesterday, It is believed that during tho seasion tho honorable aembers will fall to calling ench other hard names, and this im- pression is 60 widespread that an umprece. dented number of nowspaper roporters with bunyry oars have arrived at the Oapital from sll parts of the continon! The bill which Senator Davis, of Illinois, introduced for the exomption of insolvent pavings-banks from tho Government tax, with somo smendments not affecting the in- terests of depositors in tho institutions, wos passed by the Senato yesterday, and will un- doubtedly Lecomo n law by the concurrence of tho Housa aud the approval of the Presi- dent, It amounts to n surronder of the Gov- ernment’s claim upon tho nasots of tho broken bauks in favor of dupositors, The jury which way organized to conviet In tho caso of AnpemsoN yeaterday fulfilled its mission by returning n verdict of guilty. Grent care had beon takon to oxcludo Repub. licans, white or colored, from the panel, nnd n couviction under such circumetances is less o proof of guilt than of the trinmph of the purtisan melice which sot on foot the prosecution. It has been elaimed for Gov, Nicuorra that the proceodings sgalast the Ruturniug-Board membery are not approved Ly him—in which case he can readily demonstrate tho sincerity of his professions in bebalf of reconciliation and peaco by ex- ercising the pardoning prorogative in theso cased. lave, aud to seize each other’s gold, They Lave made gold very dear by this contest, and depreciated commodities and lubor, and caused Lard thnes and great distress, Franco, too, clutches ber gold firmly, and grasps all she can luy hauds upon. While this gold battlo is ragiug, tho American * balance of trade " draws from them all like Spanish flles in o Llister plaster, They a0 determined wo shall not got their gold while they Lave one American bond left. Ience they aro scut home for uale to wmeet their trado defl. cits. ‘This process will go on while the bal auce of trade runs 8o heavily in our behalf, or uatil silver is rumonetized, after which they will rowit more or loss silver, iustead of Londs, to bLalauce their trade accounts with us, 0!d Mr. Trrvexis to be denied evon the smull cruib of comfort whicls his friond MontooMexy Bram had undertaken to sa- curo for him at the hands of the Maryland Legislature in tho form of a memorial recit- {ug the customary Bourbon bosh nbout tho cnormous fraud perpetrated upon the voters of the United Btates by the inauguration of President Haves, and calling upon Congress to reopen aud investigate the Electoral ques. tion for Mr. TtLoeN's bonetit. The Cowmit- teo on Federal Relations in tho House of Delegates, to whom the memorial was re- ferred, yestorday reported ndversely to its sdoption, It is scarcely possible that the House itsolf will refuso to.coacur in tho ro- port. CET—— The Cinciunnati Gazette throws up tho ‘ eponge oa the silver quostion ; it adimits that ; the “*dollar of the daddies” has won the ? fight, and must be restored to its old place in the currency of the country, ‘The Uazetls has been the utrongest and most formidable advocato of the single gold standard i the eotire West, aud bLas furnished tho argu. wents for the goldite sheets. But Deacon Kicuazrp, while very inflesible and positive In Lis opinions, is & very common-seuse man, aud yields to the inevitable. He sees that tho* Awerican peoplo have set their hearts on the guconditional restoration of the ancient sil- vor dollar to its old place from which it was Taking firt the i1 those authorized to do b hold considerably more t. 000,000 of coln~ g bonds. “If thess bonds sru to pay silver dollars Instead of gold, they will bo worih at lesst s [ cent less, bacause of the differunce In vslog otihe niotals i the coln.—Jay Goulds New Yorl un, 3 Say, GouLp, how do you hsppen to koow 50 tnuch more than other people that full legah-. teuder dollars will bo worth 83 per cent lest than gold? In what country, where both silver aud gold arg full legal-tenders, do you fiud the siiver dollar psfilng st a discount of 9} per cent below goldi Do tell, And look bere GouLp, how many of the life-lusurance com panics have not beon crushed or crippled since the single gold staudard was sdopted sndsilver demonctized! Dear dollars and shrinking prices of property have played smsah with thew. ————— Certaln well-meaning but misguided temper agce reforiners fn Keotucky are circulating pe “titlons for the passage of a dtate law maxiag ineligible @ jurors aud incompetent a8 witnesses sll persons who voluntary take & pledge bonor and afterwards violate it. 1f this law bo passed, what will be the result! 1t may binder @ faw people, who arc saxlous to caros Hriog by serving on juries, from bredking thelr pledies althougb it 1s 1moro iikely to prevent them frowt saking it {a the firet place. But tha respectatle members of socloty do not, as § rule, yeart for jury-service. Under such a law all they would hiave to do, in order to cecape lubp‘tfl“&- wouldbe to join the biue-ribbra brigwde sb then take a drink, Thus would o premiuia W Bo far as can be gleanod from the conflict- ing and unsatisfactory roports contained in tho cable dispatches it does not appear that the Russians are in actaal possession sither of Constantinople, Gallipoli, orof auy post on tho Dardanelles that commands the passage of the straita. Nor Is it cssential to the strongth of their position that they should themselves occupy avy of these points, for, if it is true, as roported, that Tur- key bhas formed & close allluuce with Russia, it follows that the war vessels of 1o hostile nterveniug Power will be permitted to acchorin front of the Imperial City. It is, however, cortain {hat the aruistice conditions embodied polnts of advantage to Russls which GosTsciaixory didnotsee fit to communicate to tho Powers— to wit: the ocoupation of a large poition of the Bluck Bea coast, stretobing south uearly clundestinely removed. Ho admits that the | to the Bosphorus, tho occupation of three fin- Foxr bill &3 bound to becowme & law, and the | portant positions on the Boa of Marmora populsr voice sustals it, and that further | vitally connccted with the defenses of the