Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 13, 1877, Page 4

4 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1877-TWELVE PAGES, @hye Teibmne TERMS OF SURSCRIPTION, DT MAIL—IN ADVANCE=—POSTAGE PREPAID, Daily Edition, Tartauf 0 Year. DT MIDN Prnday Lditio Toute Sher WEEKLY EDITION, FPOSTPAID, One cory, Chnal toher /o0 Frechmenes Glye Tost-¢ Connty. erttiances may be mads elther hy dratt, exores, iee order, of [n rexiatered letters, atour risk, TERMS TO CITY SCNSCRIBERS, Dafly, delivered, Sunday excented, 23 centa per week. 1 ntly, deityered, funday tncluded, 30 cents per week, Adilrens THE, TRIBUNE COMPANY, Curner Madison and Dearbors Chiearo, Tl Ordets for the dellvery of Tatn T ® 8t Evanston, Fuglewond, and fiyde Park left i the counting-room Wikl tecelve brompt attention. ce address In full, Incinding 5tate and TAMUSS MeVicker's Theatre. Madieon street, between Stats and Dearborn, Foe Ragement of Dlon Pouclenult. **'The Bhanghraun." Mexdames Bon, Stoncall, ¢te. : Messes, Houclcault, Less rock, et Afternvon and evenlig. Hooley's Thentree, Tandolph strect, between Clark and LaSalle. En gaiement of the Linganl. Afternoon, **La Tenta- tion." Evening, **The Vesial,” Mesdames Lingsrd, Varian, etc.j Messrs, Lingard, Hardle, ete. ‘Wan Musenm. Monroc sireet, hetween Dearborn and Btate. 21y Adams.” Speciaity Ollo. **Oriz- Afternvon ard evenlag. Now Chicage Theatrd, Clark street. opposite Slierman House, Harverly's Minatreln, Mesors. Thatcher, Ityman, Cushman, ete. Afternoon sndevenlng. Adelphd Fhentre, Monfue sireet, corner of Dearborn. **Tiaba.** Mese dames Howitt, Bonfantd, ete. s Mersrs, Fitzgerald, Vine cent, etc. Afternoon aud evenlog. Jnter-Stato Exposition, Lake Ehore, foot of Adams sirect, Exhibltion of fndustry and Art. Dayand evening, Tase-Ball Park, Twenty-third and State streois, Gama between the Bt. Louls and Chicago Clubs. TINGS, WM. B, WARREN LODGE, No, 200, A, F. and A, ¥ Hegular Communication this (Raturday) evening, atHall, 72 1070 Monoe-st., for bimlocss and work. ful atientanco s requesid. | Visitors weicame, ' ly orderof the W, 31, J. It DUNLUP, Sec'y, SATURDAY, OCIOBER 13, 1877, CHICAGO MARKET SUMMARY. The Chicago produce markots were mosk active vesterday, and unsettled. Mess pork clossd steady, st $14.40@14.45 for October and § for January, Lard cloeed tame, at & per 100 Ma meller October and 38,55 for Meats were casicr,at 03¢ per I for loose shoulders and e for do short riba; Lake freighta were actlve and easer, at Gc for corn lo Buffalo, Whlsky wan unchanged, st 81,08 per pallon, Flour was quict and stendy. Whent closed !5c higher, at §1.10%torOctoberand 81, 07%@1. 08 for Novembhor, Curn clused 3@ K lower, c cash and 42%c for November, Onts closcd steady, at 22%c cash and c for November. Ryo was steadicr, at Lic. Barley closed hetter, at Gbc caeh and 00c for November, logs were dull and 10@106c lower, clusing at $5. 00725, 50 for common to chofee, C: tie wero quict and lower, with sales af $2, 6,00, Sheep auld at §3,0024, 50 for puor to choico, ntic Etates have exported per dlem, the Lwerks, 7,850,247 bu moro wheat than durlng the corremponding time last year. There wan Intpected into story in this city yesterday 507 cars wheat, 243 cars and 12,300 bu corn, 33 cars and K, 100 bioats, 10 cara rye, and 80 cars barley, Total (U110 cars), UB1,000bu, Onehundroddollars iu gold would Luy §103.00 1n greenbacks st the close, Creenbacks at the New York Stock Ex. chunge yesterday closed at 974, — At a lato hour last evoning intelligence was received of the sudden nnd unexpectod death of Mr, Dantnn O'HARA, ex-City Treasurer of Chicago. Fow mon in thi city conld nnm- ber so oxtended n eirele of warmn personal fricnds ns the goninl, generons Dax, whose death will send a pang of grief and surprise throughout the entire community, —— HonaTio Styyoun Lins stated to a Sun in- terviewer lis views on tho silvor question. Ho thinks demonetization waa an uofortu. nate thing for a country with such an enor. mous aunual product of silver as the United States, ond that, while ita restoration would not curo all the evils which demonetization produced, its effocts would bo to restors its former valuo. A lorgo number of people, among them several who aro widely known in politics, finance, aud the law, wero yestordny made defendauts in o suit claiming an intorest of one-half in tho profits of o machine for the manufacture of gas from petroleum. The plaintiff, clafiming to be tho inventor, esti. suntes his sharo of the profits bitherto st tho #un of £4,000,000, and includes among his eounsel the Hon, Romenr C. Beuexox, ex- Minister to England, A question ot exceative privilego has come up in connection with the investigation by tLe Pittsburg Grand Jury of the facts and circunstances of the July riot. Subpmnns Lave been served upon varlous Stato officlals, nmong them Gov. Hantraver, Maj. Norms, his private secrelary, Adjutaut-General Lat. 74, und Gen, BriNton, commanding them to sppenr and testify. 'fhey havo scen fit to disobey thu summons, edvised thereto by the Attorney-General, sod the Grand Jary there. upon has seked thot they be adjudged guilty of contempt and compelled to nppenr and give testimony, An opportumty will Lu given the Attorney-General to be heard in support of Lis position, which §s under- stood to be that the matters concerning which the recusant parties would be required to testify nre in the nature of Btate secrots, wnd thercfure privileged as against tho power of tho Graud Jury to require their disclosure. It uppears that the inquiry is directed mainly to the discovery of the suthority uuder which the militia was order- ca from Philudelphio to Pittsburg, Gov. Harruaurr being then in Californis, and it is nlleged that Tox Scort is egging on the mutter with o viow to fustening upon the Blate the linbility for the losses sustained by o Peuusylvanis Railroad, Wirtray C. Giuuay, the forger of untold amounts of insursnce serip in New York City, Las wulked juto Recorder Haockrrr's Cuurt, listend to tho questions propounded to him by that judicial functionary, an. ewured in the uffirmative, and taken the train for Siug Bing, ot which corroctional aesort he Las reecipted bill for five years' bourd. It s an exceptional caso in the critginal history of New York,—exceptional fu wany of its particulsrs, Gy made o written statement, which was read in court by hix counsel,—a long wtory coufesding to sumerous trusts sbused, the betrsyal of hovored, lifelong friends, and to the commission of thicvish crimes sgaingt Lis own brothers snd sisters. It was n puinful narration to the brothers and sisters sud to the maoy unfortunate pevple who Lad intrusted the criminel with their all, aud been suddenly swakened to the fearful reslity, But whby this statement should bave produced an area of briny moisture in the court, a4 it lu said to bave done, is one of thoss things that are past finding ont. The Conrt is reported to have used its hand- korchief freely, and in fact overy one en. gaged in the case was, *‘like Nronz, all tears,” and amid this tonching, sympnthiz. ing shower the eulprit went ont from the gnze of men to his deserved punishment. Gen. Garriztd makes his contribution to the already largo supply of reaszons #hy the Tepublicans lost Ohio. The causes he ns- signs inclnde the effect prodnced npon mer- chants and business men by tho Communistic speech of Judge West in accepting the nom- ination; the wholesale desertions from the Republican ranks to those of the Working. men; and the dissatisfaction of Republicans with the President's Southern policy nnd Civil-Service order, Gen. GarrizLp ought to linve gone a little further, and nnswered the inquiry suggoated by his first two rensons— that is, why it was that the workingmen of Communiatio teudencies ‘who had formerly voted the Republican ticket voted nagninst Judge West and his Communistio tendencies in such large numbérs; and whether the cast-iron resumption scheme twhich Jonw Bueasmay injected into the canvasy, and which neither Snensaw, nor GanrFiELD, NOT anybody elso succeeded in presonting inn palatable form, 'mny not have had something to do with that portion of the, defection which is traced to the Workingmen's party. The Wost Bide Park Comumissioners who hnve been romoved by Gov. CuLroy—Messrs, Yare, Minvanp, Hovrpex, and Movs—scem disposed to resi?t tho order and hold on to their places. Thoy do not say ontright that they aro going to mnke the efforc to hang on, but they hiave engaged an nttornoy, nnd re. fuse to admit their willingness to rotire. One of them, Mr. Horoay, I8 credited with sny. ing that Gov, Cusros ** will wish he had never been born before hie gets through with this matter,” which is cortainly a torrible threat of resistauce or an ominous warning of vengeance. These gentlemen will make n very great mistake If they por. gist In this course. No man can cling tonnciously to such an office ns that of Park Commissioner without sub- jecting himself to grave suspicion. “Thore is no salary attnched to tho position, and it re- quires the devotion of a good denl of timo to publio affaim without compensation, so that it. is not au offico to regrot when one is re. lieved of it, The West Side Park Bonrd got futo o squabble which became s public nuigsnco, The Goveruor took no sides in the case, but appointed a now Bonrd through- out, 'The Lirc-Mirranp-Muus.-Hornex fnc- tion should submit, and *‘stand not upon the order of their going, but go at once.” Any othor course will leason considerably any public csteewn that thoy may now enjoy. IMPLACABLE FOL-DE-ROL. Tho comments of ‘the Implacable news- papers on tho resnit of the Ohio clection, presumedly reflecting the sontiments of the band of disappeinted office-ssckers and ex-officeholdnrs, reveal a glonting satisfac- tion over the Republlican defent in thnat State. They aro nlso unanimous in attrib. uting this defeat to tho disaffeotion in the Republican ranks on account of the President's policy of pacification toward the South and hia effort to roform the publie sepvico, a8 evinced by the order- forbidding Government officers to run caucnses and pack convontions. There nre two views to tako of this ez-cathedra judgment; ono con. corns tho motives of the Implacables, and the other tho accuracy of their statomont. If we ndinit that tho Ohio defeat was caused by the Presidont’s Southern polioy and Civil-Servico ordor, then the Implacables who refused to vote with the party on this nccount place thomselves in an unenviable attitude of inconsistency and decoption. Their opposition to the President’s policy is based upon thoir professed devotion to the life and wellare of tho Republican party, aud they improve tho first opportunity to utrike o blow at tho party and do what they can to crush the lifo out of it. ‘They pretend that their fondest hopes are contered u the fu. ture, and their most sacred momories éling around the past, of the Ilopublican party; the further to prove this they cither vote ngainst the Republican party direotly, or contributo to its defont' by refusing to vote at all. They proclaim their ontagonism to Prosldent Hares bocause they charge him with baving deserted the Repub- lican party, and then they themsclves desort the party during an octive and important campaign, and in tho faco of the enemy. ‘This s the consistency of the Implacables, ‘I'helr decoption is still more obvions, 'They Jjoined in the effort to elect President Haves, subscribed to the enunciation of principles through which lis election was securcd, and receivod with enthusiasm his interprotation of the party platform so clearly exprossed in his letter of acceptance, The most conspic- nous fuatures of this platform were the ex- plicit promises to adopt a conciliatory policy toward the Southern people, and to improve the publio eervice by rootiug out the abuses of the machino systom, Preatdent Haves, who assumed the responsibility of these pledges in good faith before elaction, pro- ceeded to carry them out after his Inaugurn. tion in nu intelligeut, consorvative, and fudi- clous wanner, Thereupon the linplacables turn upon him anddencnnce bim asa traltor to the party, and upon the fimt opportamty, defunt the party to show their spite sndgrat- ify their batred. By this course they admit that they resorted to deception simply for the purpose of obtainlng control of the Gov- erninent offices,and they malign the President and desert the party because this purpose of deception is not permitted to guide the des- tines of tho present Administration and . the futare of the Republican party, They hold at once that the party must be broken down in order to rebuke the President, and that the Presldent wust bo rebuked because be refuses to bocowe a party to their proposed fraud upon the peuple. 8o much for the motives of the Implacables. But is it true that the President’s Bouthern policy and Civil-Service order caused the Republican defeat ju Ohio? Al the missing Republican votes which would have given West 8 majority over Bisuop may bo traced to theoffabioots underthe nams of the Labor, the Greeuback, and the Prohibition parties. Bome of the Implacables way have refrained from voting, and others moy have voted the Democratic ticket; but, had Wesr reccived all the Republican votes that were given'to the three outside tickets, he would have been electsd, Now,do the Implacableoracles wish intelligent people to beliove that some men who cherished & spite sgainst President Hayes sought to expross it by voting with the Communists, that others who resented the Civil-Service order found consolation swong the Prohibitionists, aud that still others who were antagoulsti to the pacifica- tion policy veuted their spleen in voting for wore gruenbacks? This is the reductiv ad absurdum, Wy can fancy oue of the old. timers, bellowing out the war-whoop and un. fusling the bloody-shirt to the Lyeeze as be masciiss up b the bailot-hax and deposits his vate for the Workingmen's tickot; that done, he retires in good order with the supremo sntisfaction of feeling that the President hias been rebuked. Another malcontent, who did not raceive the offics to which he knows his eminentabilities and distinguished partysery- fces entitled him, implacably votes agninat whisky-selling, thon swolls ont his chiest and feels that he has ornshed the very life ont of T'residont Hayes. Or a veteran ofticcholder wlho i affronted becanss he fs no longer per- mitted to dictite the local nominations, and pack the convestions in the interest of his favorite candidate for Congress or tho United Htates Sennle, deposits n greenback ticket in the Unllot-box and returns to his Government pap vindicated and rovenged. Thua the Greonbnek vote in Olifo represents, not the exprossed desire of several thousand of the people of Ohio for an inflation of irredoem- able eurrency, but devotion to the *“ma. chine” mystem: of polities; the Prohi- Lition voto is an indication, not that there are soveral thousand people in Ohio who are opposed to dram.selling and dram-drinking, but so many disappointed office-sockers ; the Workingmen's vote is au enumeration, not of the nmumber of peopla in Ohio who desire an applieation of the Commu- nistic doctrines under the American Govern- ment, but of the number of those who want to hold down tha poople of the Houth with tho bayonet at their throat, - The success of Prohibition, or Communism, or .Greenback- ism would not have meant the triumph of the theories those titles sevorally represent, but simply the defeat of President Iarrs’ policy nnd a revival of the old system of politica. This is the true version of tho Im. placnble theory of Republican defent in Ohio, To nceept the Implacable explanation of the Domocratic victory in Obio would ba ridiculous; nnd, if it conld be mccepted, it would only refloct on the motives and intel- ligenco of tho Implacables theselves, Both the Democrats and the Workingmen indorsed Prestdont Havzs' policy in their platforms ns fully ns didthe Republicans; how, then, could the Implacables express thoir resentment by voting either of thoso tickots? Nor can it be intelligontly maintained that a declaration of o few thousand men in favor of more greenbncks or against liquor-sclling , conld influence President Hares to attempt to un. seat Nicnorrs aud Haxerox, or to withdrasw his Civil-Servico order. Tho simple fnct Is, that, whilo there may have been some foolish and spiteful men in Ohio who sought to stab Prosident Haves by voting ngainst the Re- publican party (s case of Dbiting off the noso to apite tha face), tho fatal Repub. lican losses in that State were owing to the internal complications and orrors which Tne Tnnuxe frequently pointed out and eriticised during tho campaign. Anin. determinato and uncertnin polioy in regard to the resumption and silver quostions main. ly, though assisted by other differonces and vacillations, was the reason why mon sought other channels for tho expression of their pet political theories, ‘There was no strong appeal nor united effort to consolidate the Ropublican vote by a frank and emphatia indorsemeut of the most popular notions of tho doy on tho most important issuos, and the party had to suffer on sccount of the failure of ita Ohio londers to apprehond the drift of public sentiment. AUSTRO-HUNGARY AND TIIE WAR. The sitling of the Hungarian Diot on the 27th ult. was one of unnsunl {nterest, as that dny was devoted by tho Minister-President, 3L Tiszs, to nnsweriug tho interpellations recontly put to him about the Eastern ques. tion and the Government's relations to it at present. The Loudon Zimes of the same dato contains very voluminous dispatchos upon the subjoct, from which wo gather tho snlient points. With regard to tho chargo that tho Goverument was resolved not to tolerate any participation in the war by Servin end Ionmanin, and that in spite of this resolve Roumania had already enpaged in war and Servia was on tho point of doing 4o, AL Tisza replied that the Governmont had never intended to provent oither of thess countries from taking part iu the war, if they were so disposed. It had also been charged agninst the Government that it leaned toward Russia, and it wos urged in proof of this that Russia was allowed to plant torpedoes whero sho ploased, and even block up thé mouth of the Danube with them, withont remoustranoe from Austris, while a protest had been made to Turkey with refereuce to her share in the torpedo business. To thia AL Trsza replicd that tho Turks put down thoir torpedoes without auy system, and in such n manuer that they could not be re. moved at the close of tho war, The atten. tion of the Porto was called to the matter, and the assurances that wero dasired wera glven, Moanwhile, representations hnd also been made to the Russion Government touching the blockade of the mouth of the Danube, and Iu reply Russia pledged her. sell at the ond of the war to remove at her own cost all the obstacles on the Danube, and to restora the river to its former state, With regard to the umcetings’ that have been held in Hungary and other ‘demonstrations in favor of T'urkey, and the Inference drawn from them that the course of the Govern. ment was not in harmouy with public foeling, 3. Tisza boldly declared that no Government could submit to take s direction from such sources with benefit o itsclf, and that one of the bravest deeds of 3L, ‘Puizes was his cour- sgoous efforts to stem the turrent of publio opinion that urged France into war, The legal orgau of public opiniorf was the Legis- lature, and, even If the Leglslature declared agalnst the Ministry, the course (o be taken by the Governmont was not to yicld to the majority but to resign. His answer to the question whether the Government hiad pre. vented the Turks from marching to Servia is signiticant as outlining, to a certaln extout, the action of Austro-Huugary in case Servia goes into the war, as now seems probable. He sald, in reply, that at the beginning of hostilities Itussio, at the instauce of the Austrian Government, agreed not to ocoupy Bervin or operate Ler troopa in that province, aud that, on receipt of this wssurance, the ‘Purkish Governwent was made aware of it, and at the sawmse time it was intimated to the Porte that a like assurance from Turkey would be asatisfactory, aud the assur. Tauce was given. A« to the contingenoy that Herviamay break the peace with Turkey, “the Austro-Hungaripn Government has given 0o warniug, and had made uo remark to the Turkish Goverument. The object of the Austro-Hungarian Government has never been and would not be to hinder Turkey in such & caso from doing e3actly what she thought fit.” A question wes asked from two sides of the House whotber tho Triple Alliguce still existed, and if 80, what was ita naturo, to which M. Tisza wade a brlef but importont answer, *‘In the senso to which it was usually. uuderstood-—namely, that the throe Powws had pledged themuelves in some eanereto fornt npon the Enstern enes- tion, and biad contracted obligations towanls ono another—in thia sense,” said M. Tiaza, *Tho tripla Allinnos has never existed, nor oo it exist now.” Thealliance simply eon- sistod in an agreement of tho threo Govern- ments to come to nn understanding in the interests of Enropenn peace on any queation that might ariso, Upon this point, M. Tisza farthor said: ‘This understanding has provatled for several years, rince 14773; and even to-day the fact that the war had nat become an Earopean one mnst, In part at legst, be atiribnted to the friendly relations among the three Powers. The fact that one of there thres Governmonds, agalnst the upinlon of tho Lo others, has begun & war, creates no obliga- tion concerning Lhe Eastern question an regards nither of these Lwoother Paswers, and most cettain- ly an regards the Anstro-Iungarian Government, On onr alide it has heen declared from the beginning that, whatever the jsane of the war may be, noth- ing shall bo done of which we dirapprove. HESUMEYION. Thae Journal trics to say somothing in de. fongo of Secrotary Surnyan's desporate re- sunption policy. It undertakoes to explain lia position, and to defend his impracticable schema; but tho effort is not a success, as tha argumenta put forth ave obscuro and incon- sequentiol. Some of the nasertious are de- ceptive, aud made in n way that will justify the suspicion of intentioual uutruth and a purpose to deceive its ronders, ‘Tne 'Towvse had reforred to the small amount of gold on hand available for re. demption of greenbacks, aund spoke of the foolishness of expecting to redeem three hundred and fifty millions of greenbacks without silver, nnd with only fifteen millions of gold, Thoe Journal replies : The (Trinexe's] stalement in regard to the amount of gold In the Treasury Is an average specs- menof theerticlous a whole. The latest publia debt statement gives the coin on hand as $119, - 162,043, Lot us seo about this, for, if the Govern. ment has nearly ouo hundred and twenty millions of gold on hand that can bé used to redeem greenbacks, it is a highly.important factor of the resumption problem. We havae secn it stated that thero only about 6f- toon millions in the Trensury available for that purpose, Turning to the last debt statement for Boptember, which the oditor of the Journal must have had before him when he undertouk to contradict .Tar Tnin- uNe, we fiud the following ofiicial figures : Certifieates of coin belonging to in- dividu: .8 87,007,600 .27 Bly Intorest uue aitd unpaid.. Juterest accrued but not due, Outstanding callod bunds. ‘Total coin linbllitles,. Cotn 1 tho Treswury.... +810L,549,815 eeene 110,132,043 eeming Arvallable - Lucks. .. -$ 17,682,228 This amonnt is not very much larger than the ronnd suin of fifteen millious, as stated in Tnz TaiouNe, and from this small balance must boe made some deductions for the diplomatio and consular sorvices, and the payment of naval cxponses on foreign stations. Whas it honost in the Journal to conceal the nenrly forty millions of coin certificates of deposit belonging to individuals and not to the Government, and which may ba prosont- ed for redemption: at any moment? Was it honest to coucenl the nearly twenty millions pledged to redeom 5-20 callod bonda? Was it honest to concenl the nearly thirty millions of duo and unpnid 'interest on the debt, all of which must be deducted from the stock of coinon hand beforo a dollar can be oon- aidored available for the redamption of greonbaoks? Noither isit **qighteen months 1 advance " of the day set for resumption to begin, na tho Journal untrathfully assorts ; it is not oven fifteen. Ono criticlsm ‘I'nz 'Crrounz made on Scoro. tary Buenman's explanation of his policy wag, that ho rofusod to state whothor tho redeemod greenbacks wers to bo roissuod or cancelod. This s & highly-important point, but one which he cannot or dare not explain, Doau ho tutond to cnncel the groonbacks ns fast aa they are presented fur redemption, or does he propose to rolsaue them, and, if so, how ? Mr. Suensan casts no light on these vital questions, and the Journal does not appenr even to comprehend their impor. tance, It has nothing better than this sort of unreflecting twaddla to offer : Let nhlin (Suznxax] perform the exocutive dutles devolved upon him, faithful to his own obuslness, ond the country will be content. For our own part we think resumption should be effocted much earller than Jan. 1, 187D, instcad of being postponed Indefinitely, The magunitude, difisulty, and conse. quences of greenback-redomption are evi- dontly not comprohendod by the editor of the Journal, if wo may judge by the mad. ner in which ho handlos tho subjact. T — TAXATION OF DEDT. ‘We print this morning a communication from n citizon discussing tho Hevenue law of this State with respect to the taxation of debts. ‘The Constitution of this Btats pro- vides for *levying a tax by valuation, so that every person aud corporation shall pay a tax in proportion to the valus of hia, her, or ite property.” All taxation to be just should be uniform both as to persons and property. ‘The property owned by peraons should not be taxed at A greater rate than tho property owned by corporntions, The rate of tax should ba uniforn, and no prop. arty, whother owned by corporations or in. dividuals, shiould be taxed wmore than onos at one time, Wa are not discussing the legal- ity of the tax on capital stock and debts of corporations; we have discussed ils unfalr- ness and its impolioy, Except gas companios and horse-railway compaules, or such as exercise practically a monopoly, a charter or franchise in INinols is worth simply 75 cents, that Leing the fee pald the Secrotary of Htate for filing a cer- tificate of organization, and is the legal price for n charter. Why five men, combining their capital and calling themselves a com. pany organized to bake and sell bread, ahould be subject to taxation which the same five men, with the samo capital, carrying on the some business, but undor a partnership name, are not subject, is a myatery which has never been explained. The private firm af Jonrs & Co., biaving a capital of $30,000, are not subject to any taxation on debts or capital; thoy are tazed only ou their visible, tangiblo property, while the sams persons, doing business as the ** Joxzs Bread Com. pany,” would be taxed on property, and also on the debta and capital stock. Bhares of capital stock are but evidences of the owners' interest in the property of the Company., It a merchant, by bis skill, industry, ang suoccesaful management, is able in the course of a year's business to reap 20 por cent profit, while a.neighbor, doing the same amount of business, earns but 5 per cent, affords no reason why tho property of the former should be taxed higher than the property of the latter. Would that not be taxing skill, thrift, energy, and reputation? Are those taxablo? N There is & well-known citizen of this State, the Hon. Jony WENTWORBTH, & man of great ability, sagacity, and wealth. If this gentle. man were to make himsalf the owner of all L the capital atock of tho Chicago, Barlington & Quiney Rallrond Company, and shonld thercupon drop the corporate organization and operate the road, jnst as ho does his Summit farm, as his sole and exclusive property, 'would the mere change in the ownerahip of the property extioguish, blot out, aunihilato the $15,000,000 or $20,000,- 000 of *‘praperty ” now tazable undor the nnmes of vapital stock, dobts, and franchine? Wonid not the road and nactnal property be worth precisely ns much when owned by nn unincorporated individual s it wonld be it owned by the same man incorporated ? 1f, ns owner of the entire road nud all its property, Mr, Wextworta should soll an undivided twentieth part to each of twenty peraons, anid issue to each of them a memo- randum of salo showing their title to those rhares of the proporty, why shonld they not bo taxed on such memoranda of title ns well o8 the mon having aimilar evidences (and no more) of title in the property of an incor- porated company? Why should not 3Mr. WrnTwontH, a8 sola owner of all the proper- ty of what had beon the C., B. & Q. TRailread Company, and rosponsible for an equal amount of bonds and other delits, bo eqnally taxnble, as n private individual, in sddition to the valuo of all the property, on the amount of all the debts duo Ly him on the proporty held Ly him? Why should he, ns an umncorporated individnal, not bo taxed by tho samo rules as hie would be if ‘he was fucorporated ? Mr. Wexrwontat is 0 successfal farmer, If Mr. Wentwontishould eoll a horse for which Lie has no use, ond on which he is tired of poying taxes, for $200, and take the pur- chasor's note for that sum, payable in twelve months, with intorest, under our law tho purchaser becomes taxable on the value of the borse and Mr. Wexrwontn becomes taxable on tho nots, Ho will not escape taxation by sclling.the horsa; all ho will accomplish by the trinsaction is to increase the value of the taxable ** proporty™ in the tronsaction from $200 to 8400y According to *Qitizen,” the horsa is worth $200 and the note is worth $200, and therefora both ought to be taxed; 80, by tho mero trausfer of ownership of the horse, 8 now property, oqual in value to that of tho horse, is eronted. Under the law a corporation would have to pay the tax on both the noto and the horse; but tho debt, belug due by an individ. ual, Wextwonti will have to pay the taz on the note, and the purclhinser escapo. ¢ Citizon " gtates that **the Constitution requires overything to be taxed in proportion to its valuo.” This is a new reading of the Constitution. A lawyer or a morchant, a physiciou or a mechanic, have reputations for abillty, intogrity, and skill, which reputa. tions are of groat valuo to them. For any injury to such reputations the lnw provides them compensation from the wrongdoer. Aro these reputations, confessedly of value, taxable? Is a lawyer who, because of his reputation, earns n largs income to bo taxed highor on his actual property than any other citizen? If a bank or other corporation which, becauso of the publio confidence in its managoment and its integrity,is able to do such a profitable Lusincss that membership or partnorship therein can only be obtained at a high promium, to bo taxed in naddition to 1ts roal and personal proporty on its high reputation and charastor? - Property is the solo objoct of taxation ; the Btato has nothing to do with tho credit or the character of the mon who own that property in the way of taxing them bocauss they enjoy public re- spact and counfidence? A railroad mony ia one year have such surplus earnings and such dividends that {ts shares of stock may bo sold at 160, while tho next yonr the earn-~ ings of tho same road may be less than its oxpenditures. In both cases the property and the franchise will bo the same. Why should the company be taxed on its ** prop. crty " in the one case moro or loss than the ather? 'Tho judicial decision of the Bupromo Court was not that this taxation of dobt was “fair and just”; that was not before the Court. The docision was that the taxation was logal, which doos not always carry.the qualities of fairness and justice. A law which taxes corporations on Its debts, and does not tix individuala or their debts, cannot be said to be impartial, fawr, or just, THE ACHIEVEMENTS OF STANLEY, ‘Tho obvious thing 1o be said in connection with thoe discoveries of Mr, Braniey is, that he hsa demonstrated the superlority of musclo to brain in certain scientific pursuits, He hoa sccomplished, without previous edu. cation or apecial preparation, moro thanany of his predecessors in the flold of African ex- ploration, There can bo no question that s services would have been tenfold moro valuable it e had beon able to make ordina- ry scieutificobservations, We should like to know sowmething of the geological formations in the thousands of milea traversed by him; of thoe elovations attained by him;of the character of the vegutation which grow in rank luxuriance about him; of the meteoro- logioal, ethuological, and zoological phenom. ona which muat bhave beou abundaut «hronghous his journey, It would have been impossible for him, of course, aven if he bhad possessed the requisite knowledge, to make continuous or accurate observations ; buf} if he had boen ascientific man, he might have seen inu week more peculiarities in the country than Lo was ablo to discover in mine months, ‘I'hero is another mide to the question. He wmight have been an accomplished sciontist, audnot been able to get farther than Nyang- we., Ho might have been able to give the classification of plants, backwards and for. wards, and died of fover on the Lualaba; or kuown the stratification of rocks better than Lie knows his own mother, aud been too tini- arous to meet & savage in a breech-clout and apairof spurs. He might have possessed everything but a powerful muscular organi- 2ation, sud perished rmiserably by the way. Branpey was deficient in nearly everything else, but triumphed at last by virtue of his good legs, his strong arms, and his stout leart, It s not generous or wise to make light of Mr, Stanezy's work, Whatever may be said of his incompetency as a scientific man, or of the trivial and puerile matter which too ofton burdens his lctters, tho fact remaing that he has gone across the continent, His route, moreover, was not nccidental or for- tuitous, but exactly the one whicl he jntend. ¢d to take when he started from the East Cosst. He has traced the Congo River al. moat from its source to the emptying of its current in the Atlautic Ocean. 1In the prose. cation of this work he has overcome obstacles that to most other men would bave been insuperable. He has fought hostile savages, made por- tages about dangerous falls, aud encountered the risks of a swift and treacherous current, Ho may Lave exaggerated the number of huy battles and depicted their sanguinary nature in colors too vivid, but we are prepared to believe that thedemandsupon his courage and sndurance were excessive ; it is a wonder he lived to tell tho tala. ~ That must bo indeed o hand heart which shall nat be affected by the pathetic letter of Braxner to the gentlemen of Ewmboma who sent him rolief just at the nick of time. '*Gontlemon,” writes tho ex- plorer,—who is none too devout when his feot aro well-placed in Broadway,—*‘may the Llessings of Gop attend your footateps whithersoever you go, is tho very earnest prayer of yours very gratefully.” Out of the full heart the mouth speaketh, Only a man who had suffered could have written such n letter. ‘Thanks to his splendid physical organiza- tion, StaxLeY has accomplished Liis misgion. Tho question to be considered now, is not what might he have done it his mental en- dowmonta had been equal to his bodily, but What has he done? Ho has sscertained in s rough way the genoral courso of the Congo River, and thongh, for geographical pur poses, Lis explorations wil] need verification, tho same is not trus of his services to com. mercial interests, Whers the explorer can go tho trader con go, and whero the trader can go e will go it he has a sufficient mo- tive. 'That terror which belonga to the un- known having been removed in grent part from the Congo by Branrey's reports, it will bo but a short time befors commercs will push itself along this highway into the heart of Africa. No longer, then, can it be sald of that region, as tho poet once said of the Far Cathay: » . Never comes the trader; never floatssn Enropean Gliden ho bird o'er lustrons woodland; swings the trailer from the crag. The difliculties in the way of the navigation of the river. will be removed or overcome, and tha country will be subdued by trade s it could be by no other ngoncy. Mr, Sran. reY's profound observation that Eastern Africa must be civilized by the missionarios and Western Africa by the traders, ia a trifle premature, It seems like an unworthy and unnccessary expedient to catch the favor of two intercsts supposed to be antagonistio. It is an unnuthonzed division of the con. tinent between Goo and Mommon. There is no real antagonism between Trade and Roligion, Both arecivilizing agencies, The one is the Landmaiden of tho other; or, rather, both ore scrvants of the same mastor. We should like to see Trado and Religion start simultancously on both sides of tho continent, and not rest until they have ronched the middle, When they have done their work, Mr, BTANLEY's Borvices will beappreciated. Heo will be known then as ono of the ploncers of civilization, whose cournge nud fidelity were shown under the most trying circumstances, (o Bomo of the newspapers which have do- tailed members of their editorial staffs to do servico ns Governmont officoholders, and which, therefore, resont the order prohibit- ing these detniled oficoholders from running primaries aud pocking conventions, profess to believo that the Republican defeat in Ohio was owing to the President’s sbandonment of tho policy of force and hatred in the treat- ment of the South, It may not be untimely to remind them that, in 1874, the politicians of their stripe wero in full control of the Re. publican party. 1In those days the Govorn- mont officebioldors were the acknowledged * bosses " of tho Ropublican party, set up all the conventions, prepared all the slates, and dictated all the nominations. In those days, too, the bloody-shirt Hlaunted from the flag-stafl of evory Government building, and all the bayonets and gun-boats at the com. |- mand of tlio Government were employed in **protecting " the negrges in their political rights and sustaining the carpet-baggers in their political wrongs. Yet, if onr memory Is not treacherous, it was in 1874 that the Ropublican party suffored sweeping defeats throughout the country, lost some of the Bouthern States which wera held down by the United States army, forfeited the control of such stanch Ropublican States in the North as Illinois, Ohio, aud DMassnchusetts, permitted the Domocrats to elect an overwhelming majori. ty to the popular branch of Congress, and oncountered o disaster so stunning that it has never since been able fully to recover from the blow, Under thess cironmstances, it is impossible to ascriba tho defeat of that period to the policy of Southern pacifica. tion or Civil-Service reform, nor to President Haves, who was then in no wise connected with the administration of Government af- fairs, nor to the gontlomen by whom he is now purronnded, whose counscls were then ignored and treated with contompt. Will the nowspapers that havodetailed theirattachesto hold Government officoandetill carp at the Ad- ministration please explain this seeming dis- cropanoy in their present theory of Repub lican defeat ju Ohio? reated by the imaginstive facaily ith the name of Mank TarLsy or being bappy and cheerful in { the unpleassntness of his en. vironment.— CAlcago Z¥mes **0n yeaterday." The chiet objection to the above sentence is that it is not true. If MARK TAPLEY liad been happy and cheertul in the ** inverse ratlo of the unplessantness of his cnvironment,' he would not have been remarkable. The buman race Is 50 constituted that nearly everybody is happy and cheerful *“inthe inverdo ratio of the un- pleasantuess of his environment.” 3ank Tar- LEY was remarkable because he was happy and clieerful in the divect ratio of “ths uuplessant- ness of his environment.” [l Mank Tarimy had lived to read the Chicago Times, he might have been, according to bis principles, * cheerful aud happy,” at least oncea day. Thers is ons other objection to the senteuce from the T¥nus, quoted above. Who Is *Mr, Dicxxns with the name of Mamx TapiLEY”1 Toat name was never applled to the novelist during hls life- time. The grammatical editor of the Chicago ZTimes must have intended to write the sentence thus: 0 ! Mamx T ,,I&‘,Sf,;‘fi;‘,, fil:{l‘)hl. w‘nlr‘:mgrnnlc 'lar.bre'i:: happyin rwpuulonw the unpleasantness of his surroundings. 1uadds nothing to the force of the {dea to say that the personage was created by Mr, Dickaxs with his * tmaginative faculty," and the word # enviroument " in this connection is technical and pedantic. Of course, Mr. S8TomXYls not yeaponsible for the seutence objected to; the error {s that of the grammatical critlc, who, we are pained to ssy, has uniformly neglected the dutics of that otlice. ' e ————— Will the poets and poctesses who make the columus of Tus TRiBUNE melodious with their taneful Jays plcase lMsten to a few words of prosaic but neccssary advice! No poem fa- tended for publication should exceed forty lines. A paper bas uoroom for eples: no, nor for cantos. It prefers sometbing brief,—a sin- gl Jowel, and not a string of brilllants. A per- sun who cannot ruu in Pegasus at the fortieth- line post wili find bis stecd stabled in the waste- basket. Furthermoro, unused sougs will neither be returned nor preserved. At the end of each week there will be s slaughter of the innocents, and auy RacuzL who wauts to fud the mutl lated remalns of her poetic child will bave to go to the ragman for them. e e —— Concealed witliln the following observations of the Clucinuati Gazette is a full aud complets cxplavationof the Republivan defeat iu Oblo. ‘Tuere way be sume who would intimate that the paragraph s obscuze, but it was writtcn be- foro the smoke of the battle bad clearvd away: Ia uodertaking 1o state mlstakss of Hepublican =~ —— campaign policy to arconnt for the defeat, a py. pershould not go back on 1ty own conrse. " Ac. cording to what {8 thought the way to muccens, thy Repablican Journals erred in not grinding over barrel of the same alop every day, falaifying his: tary to acense the Republican party of **atealing from the pockels of the peoplo the doliar of the fathers™ by a_¢'stealthy plece of legislation con. cacted In the dark, never submitted to the penple. and enacted nnbeknown to them,™ It ail the fto" Pflb“cln Journaia had joined in this swash, doups. ess 1t would have fetched them. Dntif 'St contg be possiblo that anythinz more was wanting, then some editorial article charging Bisnor with 'bein, an enemy to beer and free Sunday, and in favor u‘; shatting up all the beer-gardens and forcin body tochurch on Sunday, and Jiraising & ey xs amanof ‘*liberal" views' who fakes htn ntiny: Innt upon occasions, woutd ho likely to finih iy, This performance exalts the competency of an editorto find fault with tho policy of tho cam- paign, —— A most unchivalrle view of the killing of Pzany Witirs by Cassius M. CLAY Is presenteq by the New York Sun: Casstun M. CrLaY's story of his killj the colored man, PEanY AT, miay. o S0 rLle though ftiato Do regrotted that Pennr Wrirpry yersion ia now unobLiinable. ~Mr, CLAY says {hat the colored man, & discharged aervant of hix, aftey threatening his life In a lettor which fell inta 1ih hands, Wwaylaid him on his own estate, a3 o wag riding churchward, and that he fired “atrictly jn seif-defense. But what did Mr. Ctar qg the intercepted lm’r in which Prnpye threatened hle life was put inig his hands? Dic he appeal to the law for protection ? Did ho hava the homicidally-mindeq uegro Jocked un, or put unier bonds to keep tie peace? Notabitofit. fle did just what ninety. nine white Kentuckisna ont of & hundred would bave done in his pl He londed his pistol, nnd then he kent ep loakout for nia man, iie would probably have spupncd tho suggestion of an appeal (o the conetituted aathorities fur protection asan affront o hls conrage, Yet until Kentucky veuple get over this u-anny. and reform the prac. tice which has grown out of 'it, thoy must not e surprited at the view taken ©f thelr waya by the Christlan peonlo of other parts of the worfd, ——— ‘The Springficld Republican thinks, “as g po- litfcal force, the silver dollar isreally very much weaker than It was a year ago. The country has refused to get cxcited about it, in view of the satlsfactory progress toward resummption,” When Congress mects, the public sentiment therercflected inny disappolnt our contemporary; the “political forco of tho silver dollar? nny appear much stronger than it was a year ago, The Republican Conventfon of Ohlo cquivo. cated on the “sitver dollar,” and it had politicat force enough to make the party sutfer for It toa degreo almost frightful to contemplate. — e — every. When the cat [Times' grammatical critlc] is away, tho mouso [Mr. Rronzr] will play, Writing on the Oblo electlon, ho sald, yesterday, ‘‘the alference between them [the Democrats) and CONRLING and BLAiNE and tho CAstERoNs, and all of that political Nlk"—, Wenstcr, In his authoritative remarks about *‘1lk," says; “In England and the United Btates, it is sdmne- times ignorantly used to sigiflly ‘of that same kind'; as others ‘of thatilk.’? “IIk" fs an adjectlve, and 80 Is “political,”” The felicltous unloLn of the two betrays Mr. STOREY'Ss handl- work. —— 1In 1861, only 1,500,000 pounds of Indlan tea was vonsumed In tho British Istes; three years later the amount of thls toa consumed was 2,500,000 pounds; In 1867, 6,000,000 pounds: in 1870, 13,500,000 pounds; in 1874, 41,000,000 pounds; In 1875, 17,500,000 pounds; and fn 1876, 19,000,000 pounds. 1t Is expected that the consumption for the present year will be not lgss thau 82,000.000 pounds, or one-fourth of all the tea consumed {n the United Kingdom. In. dian tea has always commanded the highest price in thf London market. —— The Bpringfleld Republican, speaking of the recent gigantic railrond combination to sdvance freight tarifls and bull stocks, says: ‘Thu trank lines have got the freight rates up to abont double thote of the perloa preccding the combfuation, and still talk of another increase of v conts, It seems to us that the railronds have gut about to the top of the stairs, and that moder- ation requires tpat the price of wheat should not be reduced to the Western producer and raised to the Eastern consumer by the exaction of unnece. sary totl fu transit, It'Is undonbtedly trie that tho water route bas carrlcd n large amount of freight both cast and west this year, anit that the ealiroads are looking to the winier 1o recoup them, —————— Bon Tooxna lias rather straddled his original proposition not to call on the President, and has managed to effect a rather curlous compro- mise. Ha sccompanicd A. H. 8tEruENe, who was unsble to leave his carrisge, and, when HarEs came down, ‘fooMBs accepted an fntro- duction with commendable solemnity, This concession on the part of Mr. Tooxns is looked upon a8 npledge ot Georgla’s support of tho Bouthern policy. e ———— Inspite ot terrible fulminations from tha Philadelphia pulpits, which denounce even a Christian exhibitor who permits the exposur of his wares to barbarousehordes who throng the Exposition Suudays, thie managediont have determiued to keep the show opon, and the uy- erage attendance on tho Babbath Is larger than the aggregate of six week days, Evidently the Leathen aro a little atead fu Philadetolia. ———— Mr. 8TORRY, it should be understood, Is nota grammarlan by rule, but a grammarian by in- stinct. ITo does not know, aud dous not need to know, what the parts of speech arc, Illa private opinion is thata “ predicate " is good to cat, and that “a quallfylng adjectivo is sume- thing naughty, which a well-ordered man like himself ought not tomention without a blush. et Mr, ALExANDER H, BTEPIENS stops growing thinlong enough to remark: “I think Mr. Ilaves’ tenure lcss assallable than that of any Preeldent ever lnaugurated {n the United States. The others all held by prima facie cases. Tho matter of bis tenuro is res ajudicata. 1ie holds his office by the judmoent of the highest Judicial tribunal ever created In this' country.” e ——— ‘Thus the 8t. Louls Repullican (Dem.) glauccs at the situation: The Ulobe-Democrat pretends that the Demo- crauc mmr{ in Ohlois & rebuke to Mr, layes; but when 1t is remembered that every Democrat, and two-thirds if not nine-tenths of tha Kepub- licans who voted, are euthusiastic l\lflpflrlqll of hia Southern policy, it will ba scen that he his been fadorsed by & tromendous popular majoilty, ———— Jonx Monn1ssxsy, the New York gambler and politiclan, fs down with a bronchial affection, and there are s great many peoplo inclined to urge that had bie recelved his deserts he would have exverfenced a difficulty in breathing years 2go. ——————— It {3 claimed by the Clnclonat! Enquirer that with a Reglstration law TiLuEN would be now in the White-House. With a rigid enforcement of that law, mostof his constitucots would bave been in jail. ‘The doubt raised as to theexsctlocation of the lats lamented Cunisroruxa CoLussus’ bones suggests that perbaps that fellow'dugup in Colorado might be utijized lo setiling tho question, ——— ‘There i3 & petltion befors the sunidpal Coun- cil of Paris to name a street after the Historlan of the Rerolution. Parls has no resson to ruo Tuizss ——————— PERSONAL, —_— David Neal, the artist, has arrived at his bome in Lowell, Mass., and was Tuesday night given & pablic reception by the citlzens. Ilosvon comes 10 Chicsgo Lo paint seversl portraits, and ro- turns to Earope la about three months. Thres American suthors, Mr. Wiiliam Cul- len Brysnt, Mr. Longfellow, and Mr, Bayard Tay- lor, bave recently been eigcted Lonorary members of the Literary Academy of Athens, which ts undcr the special patronsgu of the Queen of Greeco. Lord Aberdeen blundered terribly in his sddress as President of the Boclal 8clence Congresd. He argued against the continuance of s law of lu~ prisonment fur debt, which has, in fact, long beva abolished, and advocated prison reforms which have been generally carried out already. The subject of Mr. Cook’s preliminary re- marks in Tremont Temple Mouday was the recent railroad strike. He sald the lato confiict was & competition between Lachelor sud fumily wages. The bachelora conld afurd to work for 60 cenls sul the family man requircd $1.60. ke thought 1bo questlon should be falrly discusscd and settled; bub 48 for those who took sdvautage of tbe contlict to sccurs Lhalr aeifish purposes, they sbonld ba treute ¢d a3 Napolcon treated tho frat Communiais,