Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 6, 1877, Page 4

4 THLE ChICAGO TRIBUNE: BATUKDAY, OCTOBER u, 1877—TWELVE PAGES, Tye Teibne, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION, RY WATI~TN ADVAN Dally Editfon, one vear.,. E—POSTAGR PREPAID. 12 of 8 yeRr, pri montli, 00 Jria :"'l;n""'ry d iteligion L Ay itrery an .80 £ y L ;,‘)" y 1 3, one yrar. i) TLINGE & vear e monih. 0 w ne capy, o Cnhof ten.. Ciubof twéniy. Erecinien coples reat tree. 70 prevent deiny snd mistakes be sure and give Post- ©ft ce adirers tn fall. incinding State and Connty. Remittancen may be made efther by draft, express, Tost-Ofice order. o In registered lettem, at our risk. TERMS TQ CITY SURSCRINERS. Drily, delivercd, Sunday excented, 23 cents per week. La'ly, delivered, Sunday Inclnded, 30 centa per week. Addresa THE TRIBUNE CO! Corner Madison aid Dearborn-sia, Ordera for thie dellvery of Tie TrivTxuat Evanston, Englewnod, snd Hyde Park left in the counting-room Wil recesye nromipt attention. MeVicker's Theatre, ‘Madieon street. heiween State and Dearborn. Eae gagement of kEdwin Nooth, Afternoon, ** Hamlet.” Evening, * Othelio,” Meadatacs Don, Price, eic.t Messrs. Booth, Wheelock, ete, Itooley’s Thentres Randolph street, between Clark and Lasalle. Eue sagement of the Lingards **Heart and Crown.' Meedsmes Lingard, Varian, etc.; Mesrs. Liogard, Hardle, cic. Aficrnoon and evening. . Wood’s Muneunts Monroe street. Letween Dearborn sod State. **Rab- tnson Crusoe." Epeciaity Olfo. Afternoon and evening. New Chicagn Theatre. Clark street, opposite Sherman House, Haveriy's Minstrels. Memrs. Thatcher, ityman, Cushman, eic. Aftcrnoon and ereniog. Adelphl Theatre. ' Monroe sireet, cornet of Drarborn. gulres.” Afternoon and evening. **3olly Ma- Inter-State fixposition. Lake fhore, foot of Adams street. Eshibition of ndustry sod Art. Dayand evening. Hane-Dnll Park. BtAte street, corner of Twenty-third. Champlonship game between the Loulsvliic and Chicago Clubs at 3:15 1 m., SATURDAY. OCTOBER 6, 1877, CHICAGO MARKET 8UMMARY, The Chicago produce markets were irregular yes- terday, with more doing In provisions, and an active movement in grain shipments. Mesa pork elosed atronzer, at 314, 05@15.00 for October and s1z, 00 for January. Lard closed 2%4c per 100 1bs lower, L 84,65 canl and $8. 35 for Jannary, Meats were firm, at Gi4¢ per Ib for loose shoulders and Ke for do stiort ribs, Lake frefghta were active and #teady. atSe forcorn to Boffalo, Uighwines were unchanzed, at §1.08 per gaflon. Flonr was duli and etcady. Whest closed Yc higher, at £1.07% for Uctober end $1.05% for November, Corn closea firm, at 4214c cash and 42¢ for Navem- ta closed K lower, at 23c cash and for Novemoer, Iiye clored ¥¢ lower, Barley closed 1@1%c higher, at G1%4c cash nnd G23c for November. Hogs opencd dull and lower, but closcd irin st Thursday's prices; rales were principally at $5,25@6.60, Cattle were in fair demaud and were flrm, selling aL $2.000 5.75 for Inferior to extra, Sheep were steady, at $2.7524.50, There was Inspected Into store in thia clty yesterday 431 cars wheat, 20 cars and 20,600 bu corn, 01 cars and 18,100 bo oats, 26 cars rye, and 112 cars barley. Total (080 cars), 420,000 by, One bondred dollars in gold would bay $102.75 in greenbacks at the clore, Greonbacks nt the Now York Stock Ex- change yesterday closed at 973, GAMBETTA, it is said, will issne his final manifesto to-day., In it he will devote his entiro attention to the Marshal-President, ignoring as utterly naworthy of notice the Ministers, whom the great Radical declares have been shorn-of their powers by the Ex- ecative. 2 Indictments have been found by the Grand Jury of the United States District Court at $t. Paul ngninst a large number of persons charged with stealing timber from Govern. ment Iands. Secretary Sonuvnz has under. taken to stop thiz class of robbery, and it looks ns though ho wero in a fair way to succeed. The Prince of Montenegro, having by conquest secured a goodly slice of Herzego- vinian territory, now rests upon his arms, so fur as war in that direction is concerned. The Princs wisely took the hint afforded by the International Commisaion of last year, alvo by the action of the preliminary Confer- eneo nt Constantinople, which Jaid down for Montenegro a boundary line exactly corre. aponding with the limit now reached Ly the Montenegrin arms. Having conquered thia terntory, he will be sntintied with holding it nominally nntil the Turopenn Conference shall pass upon his clnim at the formal sottlement. Meanwhile, it is #nid hie will try his fortunes in the direc- tion of Albpuin, where he is likely to moet with less resistance than he has encountered in his Heregovinian campalgn, and where, being in close proximity to the Servian and Roumeclian border, ho may find an oppor- tunity to ronder tho armies of Prince Mizay tmportant scrvice, ‘The storm nt the East, brief mention of which was made in ycsterday's dispatches, appears to have been of & most destructive character. ‘T'ho galo was very violent be. tween Norfolk and Washington, and a heavy rain sud wind atorm prevailed alongthe coast north as fur as Now Eonglaud. Mauy serions washouts occurred on railrosds in New York, Pounsylvauia, aud Delaware, An excursiou train on the Pickering Vulley Kosd wos boadly vwrecked at a point nesr Phoonixville, Pa,, whero the track had boen washed away for some dis. tance, and twelve persons were killed and about fifty injured. A passenger train was precipitated into the Delaware Rliver, caus. ing tho loss of five lives. In New York and viewmity much damsge was caused by the wind, which blew down and unroofed many buildings, aud made snd havoo with the trees aud fences, ‘I'ho loss caused by wind and flood in Brooklyn alons is estimated at §100,000, 1t ia very distressing to the Texss Pacifio peoplo to kuow that every day brings more and ore conclusive verification of the dangor thot a reilroad may be bullt across the southern portion of the continent before they can wuster up sufficient force to put thoir subsidy schewe throngh Congress. The Boutbern Pacific corporation of Califor. nis, wsking no gusrantce of bonds, but paying the cash for the work 8y it goes slong, is steadily push- ing castwurd, wod has already laid it trucks as fur as Fort Yuma. Letit alons aud it will complete the entire system neces- sury to furm connections with the western end of the Texss railroad systew. This would be giving the Bouth what it clamors {for—u trans-continer.tal line of railroad to the Pucitic coast ; but it is not what the subaldy. grubbers clamor for; on the contrary, the rupid progress of the Bouthern Pacific iy mouvy out of their pockets, being the best possible argument against the success of their raid on the National Treasury. Hence thyir extreme wnuicty regarding the sscred- all {ta absurd and ridieulons proportions, Bt. Louis was the first placo where Commu.- nism developed its roal inwardness, so it {sthe place whero wo get for the first time the genuine Greenback platform without reser- vations, containing not only all tho stale platitudes, but tho mysteries which havo herotoforo beon withheld from the publio gnaze. Nosubsequent platform can develop any moro than this one. thing from Alpha to Omega. The Green- backer atands before us without raiment, ness of the militry reservation at Fort Yumn, which the Sonthern Pacific has been obliged to trench upon in order to cross the Rio Col- orado, The Cabinet, however, befors whom the sbject was brought yesterday, are in no- wise alarmed about the trespass, and will take no steps in the matter, leaving to Con- greea the granting of right of way across the reservation, According to Representative ScorzromEs, ‘whosa District in Texas Inoludes all that lino of the Lower Rio Grande which forms the ‘boundary of the State of Tamaulipas, affairs in that region nre in 8 very oritical position. He confidently expecta nerious trouble with- inn short time—either in the shape of & Mexican invasion upon Texas soil, which be is informed the Greasers are ripe for, or elso A crushing disaster to the United Staten troops in the event of Gen. Onp's crossing the border in pursuit of cattlc.lhieves. Onr troops number only 800 all told, while the Mexicans in ‘Tamaulipas could bring at lenst 3,000 against them, and a wholesalo massacre, by the side of which the Cusren horror wonld seem a mero skirmish, may at any time ba furnished for the edification of the Democratic states- men who are responsible for the prosent skelotonized condition of the Federal army. Gen, Orp's instructions are well enougli ; it s the lack of the wherowitlal to euforco them that complicates the situation. If there wore 3,000 instond of 800 soldiers avail- able on the Tamanlipas border, thera wonld be no occasion to apprehend serious troubls with Mexico. Thera wns a hotly-contested Argnment yesterday beforo Judge FARWELL in the Coun- ty Commisafoners'caso. Thedefense wanted the prosccution to begin by proving when, where, and In what words the alleged con- spiracy was formed, and then go on to show tha acts dona to carry out thit conspiracy. Tho cousnsel for the people propesed to work out their sum the othor way, by proving the acts and showing that they coastituted a conspiracy,—to trace the stroam back to the fountain-bend, instoad of commencing at the sourco and following it down. It is only in plays that men meat before the public oye and say: *‘Rosolved, that wa do heroby conspire,” It is the overt act which evidences the conspirnoy, as Mr. Swert's appearing as connscl for tho indicted conspirators is pretty good evidence that he was employed to defend them, oven though it is not known whon he was hired or who hired him. Judgo Fanweny sustained the common.sonse posi- tion of the prosccution, and also allowed them to introduce at this stnge thnt one of Fonsrrne & Co.’s books which shiows that ox-Commiasioner Jouxsox's nccount was charged to ** profit sud loss,” and which copnects him directly with Kiuperur, who was a fellow-conspirator. THE COH?L}A’E GBEENBAEK PROGRAMME. Alithorto it has been difficult to get at the trua inwardness of the Ureenback idiocy, especially since the Communist, under the guise of Labor Roformor, and the Greon- backor hava mot and embraced, Droves of their orators, of all degrees of idiocy nnd of all Lues and stripes, from Bax Canr down, havoe delivered their speechies, but aftor they are through thers has ulways boen something on their winds that they have mot tcld,— somo thought too great for utterance, somo Eleusinian mystery tho rabble must not know, some sephinx.like doctrine in tho party platform that must only be whispered among the leaders, but must not be pub- lahed in Gath or Eskelon, The secret, how- ever, is out, sud the complete idiocy of Groenbackism can now be contemplated in As It contains every- What does this platform propose? Firsat, #¢ the issue of absolute money in greenbacks, to be full legal-tender for all purposes, and in sufficient ‘quantities to redoom all bonds now or which may in the future become sabject to redemption.” 'The Groenbacker is no longer to have anything to do with prom- lses, He is to promise nothing. Instead of a greenback which is a note, he proposes to have n greenback which is a dollar, aud which is to say upon its face *‘ This is a dollar.,” ‘Whether made out of a cabbage-leaf, o linen rag, or tintod paper, it is to be an absolute dollar s if it were a piecoof gold, promis- ing to pay nothing. to be legal-tender for all purposen. Government is to print off two thousand millions of it o 1ts mill aud hand it over to its creditors, who will accept it na a rocoipt in fall, aore to be abolished. There will be no neces- nity for the payment of interost in coin, There will be no necessity for paying intor- est on anything, ‘There will be no more silver; gold will bo a drug, and all moncy will be demonetizod. Having established an absolute paper money that promises nothing, ‘This patent wonoy is The All laws for the payment of bonds but is dollars because 1t saya &0 upon the faco of it, then of course tho National Banks will be abolished, and we can pay the patent absolute greenbacks in place of . their circulation. In fact, after tho Goverument mill gets into good running order, there is nothing that cannot be done. Taxation will be so graduated ** as to wecure a tax on ll fucomes over the sum of 800 per annum,” payable, of course, in sbsolulo greenbacks, which would bo equivalent to a tax at present upon all incomes over $5 or $10 per annum. It would make busy times, however, for the Revenue Collectors, a3 ev- ery one would be paylug incomes, for, when the Government presscs are in good Tunning order and raw material is abundant, he wll be a very lazy workman who caunot earn $1,000 per diem, After tho national debt is poid off with the patent money, then the will will be required to run off four or five thousand millions more with which the Gov. ernment will buy all the railroads, telegreph lines, and publio conveyances. It will be 8 busy mill, MHaviog pad tho debt and bought up these littlo traps, then it will be set to work running off sufiicient absolute greon- backs to pay all State, city, county, and vil- lage debts *‘at 8 per cent interest.” It en- hances the liveliness of the situation that no man is to work over eight hours a dsy, and as much less as he pleases. It cannot be denied that the absolute grecnback opens up a gorgeous vista of fu- ture possibilities when avery msn will be & Boaucier and o bloated capitalist. What could be mory charmiog than for the Gov. ernment to furnish the capital, loan every one all he wants at 8 per cent interest, with 1o time fixed for repayment, so thatall debts can bo wiped cut? But, just at this point, why cliargo any mtercst at all, sioce thers in no time fixed for paying back the money to the Government ? 'The money coats nothing exoept the price of mgsand lampblack. The Government can make all it wanta Ifit finds the stock diminishing, it can run more presses and print bigger denominations, say saveral sheeta a day of million-dollar denom- inations. As tho ragis an absolute dollar, snd promises to pay nothing, involves no risks or responsibilities, and can be manu. factnred (or nothing to speak of, the ma- terial heing cheap and plenty, it iv absurd to talk abont & per cont interest, or auy interest, When all debls ars to bo paid off with a fow rovolutions of n press cylinder and every man ia to be a Crasus, why talk about 3 per cent intcrest, or anything else that ravorsof nsury ? There shonld be nothing menn or small in the com. plete Greenbacker's programmo. If we are to have nbsolute money, printed by the aquare yard or in an endless roll, from which any ono can cut off nstrip as long ns ho pleases with which to pay his delts, it is worse than nonsenso to tatk about intorest. It the Government wants intorest, all it has to do Is tomake it. If the big steam-presses aro too busy, it could have little haud.presses mn by tho female clerks in the Transury mill, Idiotic ns the complote programmo of the Greenbacker is, it isonly the logical ontcome of every Greonbnck theory, It is rag-money- ism carried out to its ultimato result, Itis the practical end to which the theory will arrive, no matter in how many ways it moy be worked out or what road it may travel. It can uover have any other issue, If the QGovernment is to mnke pnper money absolute, tf jt is to give this money, indopendent of convorsion, pay- ment, or redemption, a purchasing power, and if it can compel every man to take it in payment of debt, there is no use of stopping short of the logical and only conclusion that the Govornment becomes s capitalist, with the power to declare a cabbage-loaf or a rag absolute monay, and that every man has an eqnal right to an equal amount of it; that wo shall all bo millionaires and Cr:suses, and all have the best cigars and liquors, all have boxos at tho operas and fast horses, all wear purple and fine linen, nud do nothing for a living, tho Government paymug nil debts and furnishing every man all the money ho wnuts, by virtue of saying that nragisa dollar. Further than this the force of folly could not go, The St. Louis Greenbackers have obviated tho necessity of any further argument upon their theories by presenting their complete prograinme without conceal~ ment or wystery. MORE ABOUT THE BOUTHERN PENI- TENTIARY, Wae diroct atteution to an open lotter ad- dressed to Gov. Currox and his associates 1 tho Penitentinry Approvivg Bosrd by the Hon. S, A. Bocksasten, member of the Logislaturo. which is printed in another part of the paper. This lotter Las boen provoked by what appears to huve been bad faith on the part of tho aforesaid Board. Col. DBuckyasTeR was promised o hearing before the Board for tho purpose of giving his reasons why Chester should be rejected ns the location 6f the Penitentiary, but says that ke found the door shut in his face, and that tho Board remained in secrot scssion until tho decision was reached to accept Chester, This couduct on the part of the Governor and his nssociates was certaiuly very remarkable, ns they knew that there was a strong popnlar sentiment againat tho proposed location, in deference to which they should have listened to Col. BuckstasTen when ho was roady to give the reasons for that sentiment, His exclusion nnd the secrot session of tha Board only confirm the suspicion that the decision was determinod more by persoual influence than by the consideration of the public jnteresta, Thero is another point in the lettor which bears bard upon tho motives of the Governor sud his associntos in persistently adhering to Chester in spite of the popular protest, At the timo they announced their decision, they minde public a sort of **opinion" or argument prepared by o legal firm of Spring- field (understood to be Alr. Jacop Bunn's attorneys), nud designed to show that tho law did not nuthorize the purchase of tho old Penitentiary at Alton.. The purpose and effect of tiis ** oplnion " were to creato the impression that the Governor sud his nssociates wero limited to a choice between the old Penitentiary at Alton and tho site at Chester, aud that a8 the purchase of the former wonld be uulawful they were obliged to accept Chester. Col. Buox- atasTen shows that this is not true. In the first place, the proposition to sell the old Tenitontiary at Alton was never boefore the Approving Doard, so that it was not within their province to pass upon it ono way or the other, In the next placo, a site was offered to the Penitentiary Commissioners at Alton, which wax entirely disconnected with the purchase of tho old Penitentiary. It consisted of a cholos of 100 acres, at $100 an acro (half the prico allowed by law for tho purchase of a sito), out of, a tract of 320 acres, with three-quartors of a mile front on the river, three trunk lines of railrond at the north side, and the city gas aud water sup- ply furnisbedit withioutcost to the Btate, ‘This land is owned by a man pamed Farxine srEsN, of Jersoy County; Col. BuckMasten had no interest in it and was in no wiso asso. ciated with the old Penitentiary interests. Here waa land sdjoining a large city, st a grost railroad centre, with pleuty of good stone near by, tho nearest poiut to the centrs of the district that could bo selegted on tho river, aud all for one-half the sum authorized to Lo paid for the site, Instead of taking this offor, two of the Penitentiary Commis- sloners preferred to pay Jaxe Busw 2,500 for his hills and gullics near the remots and naccessiblo Town of Chester, knowing that it would requiro from $18,000 to $30,000 wore, and perhups from $50,000 to $75,000, to grade a site for building, aud kuowing also that stone of only a doubtful quality would have to be procured st a much greater price. If it was strauge that two of tho Commissioners should aocept Ay, Busy’s land under these conditions, it ‘was stranger still thas the Governor, Auditor, sud Attorney-Genernl should approve that selection, refuse to consider the objections to it, and cven take pains to deceive the publio & to the choice submitted to them. It is now evidens that the Commissioners Proposo to do the gradivg at Clester them- selves, and it is not unlikely that the entire appropriation of §200,000 made by the Lag- islature will be exhaustod in this end the layiog of the foundations, The prospect is that there will be uo relief for the Joliet prison for several years to come, though that was the purpose of providivg for a now Penitentiary. If thers be still the oppor- tunity for the Board to reconsider their nction, it will be wise for them to do so. Indoed, the legal editor of Ths BStats, in commenting upon the matter, makes the point that the sclection of Ches- ter in illegal, because only two of the thres Commissioners made it, the third (Mr, Law- nexor) having protested agninst it, Ttia n rule of lnw that *‘words purporting to give A joint authority to thres or mora public officers shall be construed as giving such nuthority to a majority of snch oflicera®; bot the point made by The States in this cnse is, that this rule of construing statntes does not apply, becanss the Penitentiary Iaw containa certain sections in which it isex- prosaly sfpulated that a majority shall govern, making the inference necessnry that in regard to all other mntters the authority of tho Commissionors shall be joint ; that is, it re- quires unanimota concurrence to locate tho nite and do certain other things not spocifie- ally excepted in the statate. If this point he well taken, then the Luilding of the Peniten. tinry ot Chester may be arrested by onjoin- ing the Commissioners from proceeding with ‘it. In any caso, the Siate will be tho gainer by paying Jaxs DBoxx his 32,500 for Chester gullies, and choosing another sitoat Alton,— near the centro of the district, at an nccessi- ble point, and close to the bost market for conviet labor aud its prodnots, THE NEW YORR DEMOCRATS, The Democrats of New York are improv. ing . in temper and principles. To begin with, the nomination of Arrey C, Deacn for Secretary of Siate and a now ticket throughout was a blow aimed at their late leader, 8. J. Tmoex, Mr. Tropex's inter- ests demanded tho nominstion of Mr. Bioe- row, but the [faction opposed to him put forward 3r. DBezacu, au avowed anti- Trorx mnn, and their success forecasts the defeat of Mr. TiLpex's future polit- jeal nspirations, whether they point to the United States Sennte or the Democernt- jo nomination for President in 1880, So, while the New York Damocrats, in the be- ginuing of their platform, give expression to the storcotyped lament over Tiubex's de- fent, it is ovident they do not feol so badly about it ns they pretend. What we desiro partienlarly to eall attention to, howaver, is tho evident conversion of the New York Democrats to Republican doctrine, as shown by tho comprehensive enunciation of princi- ples contained in tho two following resolu. tions, extracted from their platform : ‘The Democtatic party of New York reafirm the fotlowing principles, et forth in thelr platform adonted in 1874, now thrica indorsed by larga ma- Jorities of the votera in this Stata: Gold and silver the only legal tender; nu currency fnconvertible with coint steady steps toward specie payinents; no step backward; the honest payment of the public debt in coln; thexacred prescrvation of the public fnith; revenus reform; a tarkl for revenuo onlyi no tGovernment partuership with protected monopolies; home rule; to limit and localize most Jenlonaly the powers intrusted 1o public servants, mnnicipal, State. andFederal; no centraitzation; equaland exact justice to all wenj no partial fecinlatton; ofictal acconniabllity enforced by bet- ter civil and eriminal remedics; no private use of public tands by public oMicers; corporations chars tered by the State always supervinable by the State in the fntereet of the peoples tho party iy power responsible for all legslation while in puwer; cconomy In the public expense, that Jabor may be ligbtly burdened. Lerolred, "That we are opposed to the granting of snbeidies by the Government to corporationa or In- dividuals for the constraction of railroads or otlier internal fmprovements as unuecessary, beyond the scope of Federal power, and luevitably producing corruption, Tliese resolutions read very much as though they wero thocondensation of Amore extonsive platforms adoptod by some conservative and representative Ropublionn Convention. They reflect fairly the best Republican sentimont in the country in the various matters whioh they mention, and particularly in reference to the restoration of the silver dollar and the bimetalllo currency, They go a atop further than the wajority of Republicaus, perhops, in counsoling the entira sbandonment of the greanbacks, What is required is only anch a reduction in the bulk of Government notes a5 will place them at par with coin, This reduction has been made from about $383,. 000,000 to 357,000,000, with the result of Lringing groonbacks within 2y por cont of par with coin, so that the burden of the change has alroady beon sus- tained. DBut the Ropublicans, like the New York Democrats, want no currency that is not couvertible with coin, which sball be the ‘original American system of gold and silver, ‘Thoe other terso expressions aroall in the vein of the Republican doc- trine, as represented by the great majority of the party ; and notably that which con. demns, 1n a soparate resolution and in a forcible manner, ** the granting of subaidies by the Goverument to corporations or in- dividuals for the construction of railroads or other internal lmprovements.” ‘This is o storling sontiment, ond it is an indication of wholssome improvement in Democratic tendoncios, if it is honestly meant, ‘We commend the sction of the New York Domocrats to their Western nssoclates and followors, As the largest State under Dem. ocratio control, they may mspire to the guidance of the party (hronghout the country, and their conduct is worthy of imitation in the two respects that it lins dropped dr. TitoeN aud Lis personal sclhiemes and appropriated some of tho best poiunts in the Republican credo. The Domo. cratio porty may gain upon pnblio con. fidence if it shall adhere stricily tq the principles thus enunciated, and give evi- denco of good faith by pulting them in practice whenever tho opportunity occurs, Of the sincerity of their professions, the country will be better abla to judge after observing tho position the Demoorats in Qongress (in control of one louse) shall take on the silver, and snbsidy, and tariff questions, COUNTING THE PRESIDENTIAL VOTE. Intho American Law Review for October is published a very nble statement of tho dangers attendant upon the present status of the question of determining the result of Presidential elections, and a presentation of s means to avold such dangers hereafter, ‘The paper {8 by Groungr F. Epuunps, of Vermont, & member of the United States Bepate, who is admitted to bo one of the ablest lawyers in that body, and at the same time is reported to bo ns free from partisan feeling, in cascs involving constitutional law, a8 I8 poasible for an ordinary mortal to be, Mr, Eouunos’ statement of tho dificulties existing last winter, concerning the counting of tho Electoral vote of tho election in 1876, is clear, graphic, and direct. 1fe states that serious and aincers disputes bad arisen in respect to the Electors chosen in Florida, Louisiana, Bouth Curolina, and Oregon, be- sides questions fouching partioular Electors in other States, Whether Haves or 'Prpey bad been elected depended upon the disposition of these disputes and questions. Members of each party, without any atudy of the exact condition of the factsor the law, were by the bias of party led to be- lieve their candidate had been elected. 'Tho President and Admimstration were Repub- lican, the House of Represenlatives was Damocratic, and the Benate Republican. The Btate Governments wers divided in their control aud Goverument; some were Demoeratic and the others Republican. The country was under the inflnence of high party feeling, For this condition of difli. cuity the law had only to offer the bare eqnivocal words of the Constitution, that the votes of the Electors should be returned to Washington, the certificates opened by the President of the Benats, in the presence of the two Houses of Congress, and that ** the votos sball then be counted "; and the pro- vision of the act of 1792, that the Executive of each State ahould cortify the lista of tho Electors appointed therein. Thers was no precedont, The twenty-second joint rule, which excluded any vote not declared valid by both Iouses, had coased to exist, A wide divorsity of opinion existed, Mr. Epwuyns says: ** The notion that the power to count, including the power to decide what onght to be counted, resided inthe President of the Senate, had some supportors and more op- ponenta ; but it could not be sustained npon the ordinary principles of tnterpreting writ ten lasv.” Tio nrgument for “ an implied power ez necessitate " was strongly pressed. Even thosa who admitted the necessity that the connting of the votes should be eflective, denied that it applied to the President of the Senate. They claimed that the two Honses of Congross posscssed tho effective power, This view of the case was supported by the historio practice of the Government in every case of dispate that had arison. The coun. try was brought £aco to faco with a moment- ousquestion, nnd, wnless dotermined by some wmethod agroed upon by both parties, it was mornlly certain that the Senate would de. clara Mr, Hares to bo the lnwful President, and the House would declare 3Mr. TILDEN the lawful President. Each would have taken the onth of offico and attempted to ex- ercise the dutios, Each wonld have called upon the army and the people to sustain him. The legislative branches would be placed In positions of antagonism. There could bo no legislation without an Exccu. tive, The Senate would not recognize Tr~ pEN and the Houso would not recognizo Haxes. Mr, Epsusos adds: The solemn ceremonies and the grand pageant of ipanguration would be only the first sct in the awful tragedy uf anarchy and clvil wag, lasting, probably, until the time for tho next Presidential election, and making such elcction practically im- pussible, unless, indecd, before that time soma other system of government should have Leen es: tablished upon the ruins of onr nattonal atracture, The gravity of the situation led men of ail parties to unito in such legislation as might determsing peacefully the difficulty. If the power to decide all questions was, as elaimed, in the President of the Senate, no law could divest him of that power; but Mr. EpyMunps says the discussion of the subjoct **con- viuced nearly all members that such a power did vot exist, and thut it ought not to exiat,” Mr. Epmunos states that it was thought by many, aud he evidently includes himsaelf, that the trme ground was that the act of connting and dotermining the votes was not to be performed by Congress, but in such manner and by such means and regulations ns Congress by legislation should provide, Hardly any provision of the Constitution, however explicit in, itself, has not from the first been applied to the affairs of the Govern. mont by legisiation. ‘That was the character of the act of Congress creating the Electoral Commisaion, nnd that nct he holds was clearly constitutional. After pointing out the several foatures of that law, bo calls at. tention to the prescut state of ounr Constitu. tion and laws upon the exciting subject of the clection of a Chief Magistrate. A great danger has passed away, but an imperative duty remains to provide, in advance, against sitnilar dangers haren_llcr. Undor whataver systom of clection of tha Exccutive, there must be lodged some- where the power to determine ministe. rially, or politically and prima fucie, or ju- dicially and finally, or both, what person lias been duly choson. As to the modos of olection, ho rejoota all those proposed as un- worthy of discusalon save the present and the one proposod by & Senate Committeo in 1874. This latter plan proposed the choico of Presidont by tho peopla voting in districts, the plurality of votes in each district to count one vote-for President, Under this system Mr. Epxuxps says the choice of the ‘Executivo would be purely national, as much 80 practically s if the Btates wero obliter- ated, Tlo arguos that, after all, this plan of election mecta no objection to the present sys- tem. He argues in favor of preserving the autonomy of the Btates, each acting for it- self in tho choice of the Executive, as the best possible check to the dangors which threaten unifled republics insuch cases, Ile insiata that the neccssary and logical conse- quences of electiug tho President by the people, as distinguished from an eloction by the Btates, is to put tho wholo administration of eloctions, from the registration of voters aod the appoint. mont of officers of election, to the repression by armed force of any tumult, repl or pretended, into the hands of the Gen. eral QGoverument, and so, really, into the hands of tho Execntive himself, while all this powor now rests wholly with the States, ¢ The effect of such powers upon civil liberty and fair olections has been, to a certaln degree, Llitherto scen in some of the Btales, under oircumstances exceptionally in favorof their cxercisy, and is at tho present moment pain. fully visille to all the world in Frauco, Tho lessons of oxperionce, as well as the philoso. phy of gnvernment, secm todemonstrato that such metlods, however valuuble thoy may be for truth aud justice, on rare and particalar occaslons, are, on the wholo, destructive of froe instilutions." '7The election by districts would not remove the probability of disputes. While at present there may be thirty-eight contested roturns, under the district system there may bo 300. He thinks the present system of election is better than any that has been proposod. Conceding that it is the right and daty of Cougress, as the legislative power, to pro- vide by law for deciding what are Electoral votes when they are opened by the Presi- dent of the Senate, sud how and by whom thoy shall be counted and declared, the ques- tion remains, How far can Congreas, under the Coustitution, authorize any Federal tribu- nal, be it the Houses of Congress, a Board, or a Court, to go in determining the validity of an Electorsl vote? After stating the whole question in all its forms, ke reachey the conclusion that it would be safer for the peace, order, and justico of the Republio, in the ong run, to have such disputes settled by honest judicial means in the Statesin ‘which they occur, This could bo accom. plished without any change in the Conatitu- tion, if the State elsctions were held ou the 18t of September and the Electors wmot oy the 1st of Jauuary,—each State to provide for on immediate decisiou by its bighest - Court of . all contests touching the choice of . Elsctors. Congress should provide that such decision should govera in the counting re- quired by the Constitution. Four months' time would admit of this declsion befors the “profit, meeting nnd voting of the Electoral College. ‘While proposing this plan, he admita that it it wero possible to conatitute a singlo tri- bunal having final power to connt tho votes nnd declare the result after the States had, through their tribunals, disposed of disputes, asuch tribunals to be free from the heat of politieal prejudice, the best method of as- certalning who had been elocted President would be reached. Mr., Epwuwps thinks, howaver, safo to predict thatin time, with the increaso of the States and of popnintion, and of the number of Senators and Repre- Rentntives, the decision of such questions, judicial in their nature, as sre left to tho national anthority after the States havo acted in a dispnted Presidentinl election, will bo withdrawn entirely from tho political depart- mont of the Government, and lodged where, according to the philosophy of free govern. monta it ought to be, with the jndiciary, The rallway strike in Ircland, at last accounts, had become formidable and desperate. The London Ga:ette of ¥ept. ‘22 thus refers to it: The railway strike In Ireland still continuen to grow, and is inore and more regarded av formida. Ule, although us yet the strikers have not attempt. ed forcibly to interrupt the (raffic or to destroy any companies property, The whole syatem uf the Grear Sonthern & Weatern Company, includin the trink linea and fts branchen, la now involved: and the Directors evicently anprehend forther and more dangerous apgression, for they have resolved to slop CArrymg pasacngers from to-marrow on- warda by the night mati-teainn until the dirputs i ecttled.” They refuse to sccede to the demands of the men on setrike, which Include mot only the increase of wages by 25 or 30 Per cent, but the dlemicsal of the English engineers und other emploves upon the hne, If snch dicta. tion were ubeyed ihe Directors would soon b completely powerjeas: bnt, following the example af the American comnanies, they have determined 10 8ht tu the lust. and rather fo fmport Tabor ay any cost from England than to yield. In thatevent we fear there will be 4 teaort fo_violence, for thie strikers are both numerous snd sudacious. Un Wednesday, accurding ta s corresvondent of the they ‘‘proceeded along the Cork & and Qnueenstown branches of the Grout & Western Hallway system, and (nduced the men on those linca to strike. ‘The men return- ed tn the evening by train. They had no passes or tlcketa, and when asked for tickets they declined to give any. ‘The men on the Killarney and Tra- Tee ines are stated to have struck airv, #0 that now All the ntlesmen and gangers in the service of the Great Southiern & Western lialiway Company have Juined the movement.™ Tho strike 1a supporied out of Lha funds of a powerful e society, which has, It ia ninderstood, ra ations all uver the United Kingdom. e ———— The condlition of tue Fope is thus described by an Itallan correspondent ot a Paris paper, writing (rom Rome, Sept, 18: Allhflufh the Pope 18 not snffering from any or- gantc malady, lic 18 nevertheless undoubtedly ox. tremely unwell, hin aickness being sygravated by the fuct that he Is po longer sble to take the axer- ciae csaentisl for a tman of his temperament, 1lin mind is also bezinning to be at times affected. For inrtance, the other duy he declared i intention of orderlng himaelt to'be driven in a close carriaze ronnd the City of Rome, LUe wished, ho suld, eapecially tu see the Quirinal and other places associated with the most glorlous day of his Pon. tiricate, particularly the chuechen of SalntJohn Lateran and Santa Marin Maggloro, and the pre. iates in attendunce upon hum had tne greatest diiculty In tnducing him to rennnnce the fdea, Tiia inability to any longer take an active nart in the governinent of the Chorel aad in tho adminls. tration of the Pontitical llouse Ia alno stated Lo irntage him extremely. Formerly his mitaence utle (taclf felt everywhere, Nothing was done withoat lls orilers ‘or consent. Everything that went il in the Clinreh was reported (0 him, and 4 gave his deciston, which was recarded n final, In all difficulties that arose. To. ', & prisoner in hischslr o on nis couch, ho longer avle to take un active part in tho teansaction of buslnoes, Ile suspects that (mportant matters are deciied Tituaat cefarence to Bl that thaea woo surround him ignore his existence; and the mental distress which thems fears canse him is sald to materially aficct his podily state of heaith. ———— The New York organ of the gold Shylocks wants to Know: . 'These sllver mmtatora cannot any longer be per- mitted to play fast and luowe with the public in this business, ‘Tliey have dealt in glittering gen- eralitlen long enough, and must now come down to practical things. ~What kind of & sliver dollar Ao they intoud shalf bo coined, and of what rela- tive value to onr golit dollar? ““Theso silver nzhiators' demand tho same kind of a silver dollar this country had from 1703 till 1873,~a period of elghty years,~tho welght of the said dollar to be U713( ralus of pure sliver, nelther more nor less, and that ft. shull bo u lull legaltender for anything pre- cisely as it always was before it was fraudulent~ 1y demonetized. Astolts relatlvo valuu to the gold dollar, the future will take care of that, Make the silver dollar a legal-tender, and its refutlve value will Increase, sud that of pold de- crease. I the World dues not kuow cnouch to know that, it s too Ignorant to be intrusted with the discusalon of the subject, The silver dollar of the fathers s golng to be restored to 1ts old place as money, whether the world, the fleah, and the devil dislike it or not. e e—— ‘The Missourl Greenbackers in thelfe platform demand that the Government shall Issuo abso- lute money In greenbacks to be loaned to the States, countics, citics, and Individuals at 3 per cent. Why charge 8 per cent for it, as this absolute money will cost tho Government noth- ing beyond thecost of printing it One per cent would yield inore taan nine-tenths clear It un indlvidual wants to borrow a mill- fon or so of tins absolute money, based on tho “ faith aud resources " of the nation, and takes it in $1,000 vills, tho exponse of manufacturing thon cannot bo moro than, 83 in the present kind of currency, whercas 3 ner cent would cost hlin £W,000 4 year. Supposs hedid not have the 830,000, what is he to dot A million dollars of this “absolute money* may not go far in defraylng the cxponse of a large and growing family, We can sco but one wayout of the diftlcuity, and this is for the Governinent toloan bim the Interest. Why not? It will cost the Government nothing to do so, and it should bo a benevolent father to {ts needy children., ————— Bawvuet BowLzs, of Springtield, Mass. (Inde- pendent), ohserves: QGxonae WitLiax Cuntia has been known Jonger, ter, ana wmare whlely Lo the people of this coun- try than Ros o6 CONKLING can ever hopa b0 be, Sianding on the suue platforuy la s New York Cou- ventloy, the country at/largs bas no dificulty in recoguizing lu vne the dimavpomted Senator, «d by the defeat of his Prestacntial sepiration wincing at the newspuper criticiom walch lie af- {ects 1o despiss, the wivlder of Jocal apd selilshly *+orzaaleed ™ inllucnce, rather than (o pussessor of Lo oationa) contidence, In the othe try recugniZen & man whoso (alents aud arvices in wore (hau one great cunse mwdo bim famous whils Bir, CoNKLING Was yet auhoard of, aud whose atw- bition liaa never stooped (v any of the arta which fuve given Mr. CONKLING Buccers, ThO comutry Knows and kouore this man for what bo Iei it Junges of Mr, CoxLaNG vy Mr, CoNkiiNa's oplne 10n of Mr. Contis, Tiie Senator niuat not reploe, sfter hie sharp elevation of the two portrsits fore Lo sanic andience, 10 tind the country dise posed to look un this picturs sud on that, with vo great cumpliment 10 the tasie of bis constituency, e ———— Gentlemen whose wives have resolved them- selves Ioto domestic dovation partics snd sub- seribed bables to the general household fund will % viow with alarm® the decision of the Court {n the ease of 3Mr. Curistorusn Rar- reuty, of New York. Mre. Rayrenry com- plained that he refused ta hold, slvg to, and otlierwisc entertaln their natural {ofant, sod be was promptly sent to jull,—a precedent that wooden-headed Individuals who neglect home responsibilitics will do well to ponder over. e e——— Ll ne Republi of e Eastoatans wil, of Eontees b I gmll,' divided swong the boys, —Cuclanali En- uirer, i But the money seot by Mr. TILDEN to the Euquirer will not be divided, It will be absorbed oud carncd by such hesvy cfforts at support as the folluwing from Thursday's issuc of the sud- denly-cooverted organ: “Samuey J. TiLDzx wauts to ko to the Scuate from New York, It bo wauts it badly, he will most likely get 1t." e ————— Au unnecessary smount of row is made over the fact that McCrsiray, while runuing for Governor of New Jersey, bas a residence in sev- eral other States. It was a characteristic of the great strategist lu all campaizos to move from & duzen points at once asd shift Lis base around the compass so that ncither his {ricuds nor the cnemy Kuew where to flnd bim until he wasted reluforcemcuts or bad been badly lcked ——— e ‘The London Spectator speaks thus handsomo- 1y of STANLEY'S Alricsu discoverics ¢ Mr, H. M, Staxcxy has discovered somotbing of roul Consequencs, —no leas than the fact that the Lualabs Kiver, which beging sbout 300 oules from Lake Nyasaa, and swhich wan disca; Lavixuaros®'in hin expedition of 1, |, the great Congo. The Conga-[. strenm, mecond, If really. secon, in voly tothe Amazon. 1t I8 06 diminntion of Mr. xq o Ler's credit that other travelers had conjeetireq that which he hat prared. le IosL in hix pafnga march many of hin followers. Including Eyyn, POcocK, WhO wan #wept over the FaTia by Masron! a8, He fought thirty-one battien on the hanke af the Laalaba, and he and i party manazed o pase throngh the cannival regions with great i~ fleulty, and reached the conat of Emnoua, with many of hia followers proatrated hy dy«nntery ecarvy, and ulcers. after having mada ane of 11 grestest geographical dicaverica of the nio, ————— It is claimed by the Cincinnat! Enquirer thay $5.000 Is n_great deal of money, and that sich aa amount, judiclously expended, would hyy up a local politician of that bailiwlck. Fity hoq. sand :ivllm 18 a great deal of money, niore than the Enquirer I8 intrinaically worth; but as to the effect of & judicious expenditure of such a sum by Sas TiLvex, the columns of the Enquire wmay be adduced in evidence. There ts a discrepancy between the figares of the French and American astronomers fixing the distance between the earth and the syg, ‘The former put it at 93,150,000 miles and the Tatter at 03,300.000. Tourlsts who are prepared for the trip are anxlously awalting s definlta st tlement, — ** Alrek!™ excl . M. McC., +* Why did { e’er consent to ran For Governor of New Jerzee Without conenlting DAxA's Sun? Ah{ wae 1a mo: al! woe {8 mes I'm whipped apain by & Quaker gnn, " e — | Mr. CAssius M. CLAY glves a satiafactory ex. vlanation of thekilling of Praur Wnire (Macky, © Fhe untortunate afair had no reference to party politics or race prejudices.”” Mr, Cray was merely riding to church on a mule, ——— Its platform, scarcity of numbers, and thy high value it places on converts, suggest that thy Prohibitton phrty change ita name to the »8hepg Horns.” s ——— FoRsyTns appears to he utterly frresponsible for suy of his actions, Why don't the Coury r'?nkn'lhu same disposition of him that it did of IKE f As regarda furnishing any {nlormation o ref. erence to the affairs of the ** Bee-Hive bank, the Recelver is as bnd as tho thicf. : # ‘Those gentlemen who are deslrous of redue Ine the army wil) do well to leave the matiey centirely with the Indians. PERSONAL. David Neal, the artist, has arrived in Bos. ton from Munich. Miss Mary Louisa TFiold, .who died at Bethlchem, N, 1L, Sunday, was engaged to marry Gor, Itico, of Maseachusotts. Mr. Aloxandor Stophons has boen holding Informal receptiona at the honse of & fricnd In New York avery day this week. ‘The now class at the Marvard Medicnt School numbers but slxty, a falling off of nearly half from provious years, on acconntof the risid entranco exsminationa adopted thls year fur tho first time, Tho caso of George the Count Joannes agt, Bothern {4 on for trlal In New York. The Countsat fn court patlentty all day Monilay, bt the trial was ‘not reached, Ile announced some- what trlumphantly that he waa atill an uncrushed teagedian, and proposed to make 3r. Sothern pay for ropresenting hum as crushed. Mr. Oilver A. Gager, one of the owners of the balloon Atlantie, which made the extraordinary voyage from ouri to New York In 1801, lsnowa member of & china manufacturing frm, with hecads qnarters at Limoges and New York, 1o hias mado slxty-four voyages across the Atlantle Oceanand has never mot with an accident. A Connectiznt man who Iately camo to New York placed his walch, for rafo-keeping, ina Rablet in his room at the hotel when he - retlred for the night. An he found the plan to work well, ko dl tho same thing noxt night without noticing the conditlon of the ctass, Arlsing In the morning, be found his watcli had been souking all night, Emily Foithfull's new papor hus appeared In London. 1t iscalled the Wesf London Erpress, and Ia devoted largely to litrary andact yoseip, socicty and hwnurous notes, reviews of hooks, masical and dramatic criticl ), ete.. Thongh Mies Faithfall is celobrated a8 a worker for her sex, this Journal will be devoled to the intercelof both soxcs, E A foolish young man writes to tho Now York Jua to know whether thoro in anythinz In the rules of etlquette to forbld his caliine ona cortain young lady every day tor 112 days,in suc- cesston. Tho Sun repiles that thero [s no rule of etiquette which speciully fordld & man‘s aunoying agirito that cxtont, but tho rules of Lwnanity and common sense torbld it. Hugo altended 'Thiers' funoral, though for fosty years there hind beena covlness between them, #o that when they met at the Acadeniy they bowed but did not speak. In 1830 thoy happencd to be discueaing 1704 from diffarent standpolnts, *‘Bah, youcan never haveread the ‘Ifistory of the Revolution,'" sald Thiers. **I never did yoars, " said llngo, and they parted, The London Times corrospondent sends thiss **Abontda. m. on Aug. 258 hand of Cie- caselan cavalry weeo scen advancing up the hlll. 1am told that this force, in whole or in part, wae commanded Ly & woman called Fatma, daughter o’ an Arab Sheikh, and that she was kilicd, This it by no means the Arst time that women have beon found In the Turkivh ariny aud killed,** Prof. George P, Pisher, of Yalo Colloge, the author of & book on** The Reformation, " has in press a sioillar work on **Tno Beginniags of Christisnity, with s viow of the Stata of the RRoman ‘World st the Blrth of Christ," inwhich he reviews 1n detall the hiutorical preparatione for Chirletiaunity and documents of Christlanity, and also tho de- velopmentof the raith during the Gret centuryaltur Chrlat. Mrs. Bateman Iately attempted to prodnco Geargo Donald's version of **The Pilgrim's Progresa™ atthe Lyceum Theatre in Loudon, buy was prohibited by an old atatute passed during tho T'urltan days forbidding the representation of sacred subjects on the stage, It was owlog to thie that Salvial could not In England perform his great parts of Naul and Saimson, a8 was atrongly de- aired, Miss Minnle E. Iodges, who has just ro- signed the position of cashier and moncy-order clerk in the DosMotnes (lowa) Post-Uliiee, handled and pald out during elx years §4, 000,000 and never made & mistake of & cent, At times sho had charge of the whole oftice, with twenty-five and thisty clerks under her direction, and thero never was a wrinkle, or a Jar, or ag **unpleassnt- ness' at aay time, The New York T'ridune says: ** President Hayes talka of making another Bouthern telp. MNis plan is to occupy his Christias holidaye in travel, and to go as far as New Orleans, visitlug Wilming- ton, Columbia, Charleaton, Savannai, Montgomery, Vicksburg, Memphis, and otber knportant poluts, and devoting twa weeke to the joueney. \Whether he goornot will depend very much upon whetler Congross takes the customary holiday recess.” ‘The Indianapolis Sentine! Las boen finding fault with Senator McDonald for agrecing to pale with Benator Morton If the latter shall recover suf- ficiently to go to Washington. The truth s that Senator Mclonald is almost bound in houor to make such a proposition, When Mr. Mchonald's daunghter was logering with paloful Iloesa laat winter be desired to pay her s vialt, when fmpor- tant political queslions wera being conslderedin the Benals, snd when one volg appesred o 00 ad important politically as it possibly can be mow. Benator Morton urged him to go home, and pro- posed o pair off with him during bis sbseuce, which proposition was accepted by Semator Mc- Donald. Asaspecimen of Bt Louis impudence, it may be remempered that, after Mr, Thomas' & mer season In this city, ho tvent to St Louls snd gaves two weeks' season of concerts, which were 80 well attended that its papers, with vno voice, boasted 5t. Lou!s was the only city that appreclated and could support Mr. Thomas, and, of coursé, 1hat Chicazo was nowbers, Mark well the sequel. Mr. Thomas was ooliged to go awsy without b pay. Afterbo reached New York he recelved 8 check for what was due bim, and the check, whea presented for payment, was thrown out. Krom which {t sppeare that the sppreciation of music in 8t Loula ls jastof the same value asa S, Louis check—zothiag. |