Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 24, 1877, Page 2

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, V877. W YORK. Return of Summer Wanderers and Cool Weather. A The Melancholy Days for Tramp and Tenement-Dweller, Pickwickian Riflemen After Thelir Contest at Creed- moor. Tiveed fn the Witness-Box tlie Coolest Thing of the Scason. From Our Ot Correspondent. New Youk, Sept. 20.—Alter a week of Bep- tember hieat,—and there is little cholce between 1hat and the sun of July—the September cool has come. Sojourncrs at the summer-resorts and fn the mountafns are hastily returning to town, recuperated and ready for the fall and winter gayetics, amusemonts, and work. Wo are antfelpating with pleasure the near Indian fummer. No scason of the year 1s moro delight- 1l in this climate. The days are not only fine for sunlicht exerclse and excursions, forbusiness, and for shopping, they are just right for every- 1hing; while the evenings, a trifie too shiverish for piazza couferences and other purposes, offer cyery ald to the theatrical managers and nmuse- meut furnishers gencrally. As there Is nothing, loweyer, without its other slde, for one poor and sometimes hard vitizen the mercllcss and melancholy time is nlgh, Tiae tramp, roused from his bench bod in onc or another park by the eavorting breeze and the autumn dew, finds Nimeclf without even his sky-rovfed chamber, and enfronted by a WINTRI OF REPUGRBISH 0 alleys and collar areas, Somo weeks ago an 1llustrated paper devoted n, page to the tramp, ns seen making his home, or pleasure resort, In Madison and Unlon Squares, The portraits were menerally taken to be exaggerated, whero- ns in tact they hardiy did justice to the subject, During the nights, and ot morning, these pub- Jie pluces have presented scenes such as to defy the artist, to say nothing of the poifee, wha Teid commonly to the perhaps wise olicy of non-intervention. The be. nze© st stay somewhere, and certainly neither the statiou-houses nor Bride- well were capaclons enough to hokl them, bad thicy been adopted as vaeruuts, A hundred-fold more pitiante than the con- dition and prospeets of these refuse men and Dovs are those of the thousands of poverty- stricken familles fwlneh Hterully swarm in tie tenement-liouses of lower New * York, cspecially on the east shle. Baxter strect hus galiied celebrity long “time ainco us a representative sircet for tenement hud- dilnyg and misery, but there ara scores of strects which exeeed it in squalor and bumber of rag- ged, dirty chitdren. — These are the days which bring nearly the entire population of such sece tlons out lito the alr, and it Is a journcy full of DISMAY TO TIE PIILANTHROPIST or sympathetie person, to make foot-passago through the alloys, ratlier than strecte, which ore ealeulated to reallzo Danto Rossetti’s fdea, o Wace Where all contaglous currenta meet— A Lethe of the middle strect, “The alghts, sounds, and smelld are bad engugh “now, and there ls wunt enough now, without the ndded wretcheduess and suffering of being shut indours, witlilittle food and leas fire, Go- 1ng {nto this reion of despair, it Is iy to sco colossul work before the various ald sucieties. “Iliese were tasked to the uttermose last winter, «and there was o deal of starvation withal, The mecessities of the coming cold gcason promise to bu not Jess, Business s figured out to ‘he dmpreving. At Clalin’s tho other day, for instance, I was . Inforined they had not scen so busy a time fortwo or three falla: whilo other "houscs hava lappily met with the same roviving oxvcrience, Tiut it tukes timo for this improvement in gen- cral trade to reach and helpthe classes of peoplo who are at the very bottom in the scale of ex- fstende, There nre localitics in this city which not only make the economnlcal doctrines of Malthus sccm reasonable and right, but which sugprest Dban Swift's est proposnl sur preventing the chitdren of poor people i Ircland from bulr‘?x a burden to thelr wrents or country, and for mnkln;i them bene- ,h‘lnl to the publie,”—a caanibulistic schemo not, perhapg, without excuse, The event of lastweek, of course, was the In- ternational Hle-miateli. There wad marked AHBENCR OP EXCITEMENT about i¢, and oven the splendid result os toboth segre and victory falled to arouse the cath mafli that waos shown last yoar, despito tl truntle eiforts of the ferald, Wlllcll for nearly o week mns been little elso than a broodside of woond-cut targets, There were sent out 1o some Western {mpcu startling reports of attendance and other features, such as that 20,00 spectators’ saw tho first day's contest Wherezs most competent judges, who were fn- terested in flnding as wany peoplo as pussible, were compelled to admit ”they could count up but from 8,000 to 4,000, Iu this fact thero was nothing surprising. A more unintercsting thing to sce thon a vifle match, loug-range or short, has no pluce in tho Hst of out-dour sports or contests. It requires & vast amount of natiousl pridu or stupldity, or lUllchlhl‘[;, Je ne sals pas yuol, to get amusement vut of o wan lylng on 1is back, lfcking his fect in the alr, and lirug o ritle, Anybody can o that, Whether or no uny by can hit a Lull's eye depends o1 the chunee movement of the bull; but that mwakes n swall ditference with a balf-ilo runge. TIE AMUSING PALT OF IT came with the award of the prizes. 8o faras the teams wery concered, that occasion, und particularly Ita speeches, was a forcible re- winderofo Pickwleklan meeting, The spokesman for the Americaus hud the Leartiest aporovia- tion for the gallautry and amiabilify of the wver-ses allots, us If It were quite worthy of re.. murk thut they had behaved themaclves, und not uvenged ‘their defeat by pleking off, ot 1,000 yards, cach and every of thelr successful rivals, He also wished thiem better luck nest time, every fuck execpt that desired, of beat~ fug the American, © For the other slde, bic Henry responded in such wise ns to bring” upou himself most dealeulng upiplause, whick would have been veu Jjuxt the same, by tho way, had he sald nothing, ¥uch s thie prencrosity of our public to the de- feated, He remurked o the ellect that bis Leam hiad been ghyew o fair chaneo (o win, but bad not won, thoueh he wished they bud, sud boped to do better next time; also, that there were vofuts 1n which the forelguers might learn somcthiog drum their rivals, & rather grave admisston, for which 8ir Heury may be called to nccount when L gets home, "L have ot trivd to be ut all ac- curute o3 to the lauguage used, but it was THOHOUGULY *PICKWICKIAN nnd funuy. In regard to the Euglish team, two tavimbers of ft—ir Honry alford and Muner—proposu to follow thelr preds ors at Creedmour, the Lrish teaws, fn the inuking of o Westerns tour, Includlug o visit to Chleago, It 14 tw be huped they will not follow those prede. censors in o writing a book about it all, or clse that they ‘may be more partieular in gathering * fucts and figures. The Cuptain ol the Irlslunen, for ~ius| slluding to his s1ay fn Chlauyro, speal FPadmer House, tn distiuction rom those on the European plap, 88 an jmwmense hotel where the roons ure all 83 a day, with bath-roum attached, eud much superior 1o accommodations st the same price in London, Hud the Captain settled lis vwn bill, instead of haviug it mfl by the loyal cuuntrymen whose guest '1- calue, Le would possibly have uisde u ditferent statement. “Clls [s u sdight thing, but the rest of the account 1é not much more sccurate, THE ANTI-TANMANY MOVEMENT has progressed sl.umlllf', aod tho leaders of It wie unimcallunublfl willing to unjte with the divpubitcuns for the defeat of the Tawwany caudidates both fu the State wnd city, Sofar &s van be seen now, it s uot uplikely that an uzreement will be reached tending to the over- thraw of the Kelly Gevernment. Judging the future from the past, however, there are ulng tLuuces to one Lhat auy ctlorts st coalition will fall through befure ke day comes for the ubiquituus repeater to trausfurm himsel! iuto o resident of sixteen ditferent wurds, TUE COOLEST TUING 10 be #een durfug the lust week, which s I re- parked was uncquivocally warm, was Mr. ‘Iweed 00 the withesa-stund. After all that bas Veen said of Lis fulling bealth ‘and pining awsy iu 4 dungeon, It wus decidedly refreabing to see 1he ex-Hows wake bis appearance o very pre- * eentable condition, dressed neatly {n_vavy-blue. Justead of the ghost of bis forunee self which the rymputbetic seribe had Jed the peuvple to ex- pect, bere was the old Willlam, * with o iwiukle in bis eye, with buwor and npouckalance a8 o otker duys, aud 2 memory of the woet cobvenient cosracter. Witkout the slightest diflieulty, appareutly, be ewore to betruth what some Ve years s2oLe twore with cqual readiness to be alie. It was futinitely cvol 1o hear him ; SWEAK AWAY REPUTATIONS . Wwith that utter pecnicasness chameteriatls of men who themrelves possces none aave what fa bad. The old man seemed to take pride in re- vealing, for the first time to his ratisfaction, what a mighty wielder of {nflucnce he had Leen. To speak eriousty, most people be- Tieve this latest nnrr and have ‘ reason to bolster helief. That the Twecd charter was passed without bribery has never heen main- tajued by any Intellizent person at all acquaint- cd with the ‘condition of things at the tine of its passage. lience the detatls of that bribery mect with ready acceptance, The public man whom they most affect Is Senator Wooidln, Tho timetotestthequestionof his constituents’ faith n lum follows closely upon the repetition of the charges ngainst b, It he bie renomninated and re-elected, Johu Kells'a scheme will have fnfled. It Woodin be rulned, then Kelly can in Justice do no Jera than recure Tweed's “release, ani the twa fellow-conspirators, all and alike seoundrelly, witl bo a8 happy as their cone scicnees may permit. 1. g TIHE FARM AND GARDEN. Tlowing Land When Wet—A Thrifty Grairth —Full-Plowing — Reasons for 1t—Weeda Tlawed Under—Subsolling and Trench. Plowing~Some Qneations And Anawerses From Factory to Farm=Graln and Grnss— Inducements to Go South—The Tonltry- Yard, From Our Own Correspondent. Cramratax, 1L, Scpt. 23.—The bad effects resulting from stirring the soll while too wet, last spring, are now manifesting themsclves fn the corn-crop, which was, a great dealof it planted on that kind of plowing. A nelghbor, who had a large amaunt of ground to turn over, acted upon the promise fu Beripture, that we arato have a sced-time anid o harvest; and, be- lleving that it was the' Intentlon of Providence that man should plant when the season arrived, regardless of the weather or condition of the soil, he began plowing just as soon as his teams conld get over the ground WITHOUT 8WAMPING THEM. His farm was nearly nll plowed and planted before a furrow had been turned on mine, and he one day remarked that * Probably my time was too fully occuplfed with newspaper-work, aud that T was, Ju consequence, getting behind with my plowing.” My team, however, had o frood solid foundation to plant their hoofs on, and the soll turned up light and fine. My corn grew thriftily all summer, and the ears are larzo for the scason; while his corn was splndling and yellow in the spring, and now cxbibits a stunted growth, with nubblns Instead of ears. Nearly cvery farm haa niore or less of this kind of crop growing, which is of no value except for {oder, nnid not very good even for that, ‘The time expended In plowing the lawd, in cultivat- ineg, and in harvesting, is” almoat thrown away. Better to have let the Jand remaln idle, sud ap- plied the labor to some other part of the farmn. While ealling attentlon to this matter, and in order to avold s far as possiblo the nccusm' for plowing wet land next apring, let mo o the attention of farmers to the advantages of PALL-PLOWING. : ‘The weather {8 cool, and there {8 noheed for hurrylng, beenuse sceding-time fs not passing nwnr; the soll Is moist cnough to turn over castly, and your plow may with *safcly rungan Inch deeper In the soll which Lias never been ex- posed Lo thealr, You can plow through all the ow places, and next spring the black surface wlllnulsl\ndryhu: 1t out, even If palus ore not taken to open o drain to let off the water. Weeds and trush of all klnds may at this sca- son be sudeeply and effectually burled that they will ‘form mo obstrtictlon' to the culiivator next scanoni but, if they are lelt ou the surtaco until spring, they hinder the plowing, and caunot ba effectually covered. ‘Then, when epring comes, and it the scason shouid hanpen to be backward or wet, you can sit contentedly and wait until the surfuco hos become dry and the soll warm,—wvell knowing that yonr cultivator can prepare the ground for planting at the rate of five or six acres per dav, Al of the aren to be deVoted ta wheat, oats, barley, and flax, next spring, should bo pluwu.i this Tall, if bossible. The Importance of the gain hy so dolug is not apparently realized Ly o mn{only of our tarmers. Those In the corn- reglon hiaye becomno g0 used Lo the one wng of dolng thelr work that it {s difficult to get them to try any now plan. A SUNSOILING AND TRENCH-PLOWING £hould bodone this fall. A subsoll plow run in the bottom of a furrow, following another plow, is no doubt beueficlul if dono in spring; end, where the team can Lo procured with- out detriment ta other work, It will doubtless bo found to pay. ‘French-plow- ing Is, nowover, only ‘profitable when dono in tho fall. Bringiog tie cold sofl from thiu bottom of a furrow, with the expectation of growing a goud crop un 1ty generally ends in dis- appolntment. Whon the rains and frosts of winter have changed its mechauleal and chem- feal condition, tho tase s ditfcrent, Subsofl plows aro a scarco article in most nolighborkoods, and, when we necd subsolling, we In reality hear of what [s technically known as trench- pluwing. Any plow will do for the latter work, provided it throws the sofl well out upon tho preceding furrow. QUESTIONS AND ANBWRRS. z A Bubscriber,!” whoso questions we attempt- ed to answeraconple of weeks 0go, comes at us agaln with the following: (1) Bunpose & man purchases a farm in Living- ston County for $i, 000, and pays thereon $100,— all the monay he bas,—and mortgages the farm to pocure the payment of the balance of the purchaso- muney, whers does the $:4,000 glitler or rustley (2) Asthe market iw govorned by supply ind de- mand, would not several successive years of large crupa redace tho valug of produce to almost noth- ingr @) It s not the daty of Uovernment to Infnish money, 3y idea s, that D por cent of the producta of the farn consumed are pald for with the products of vthers lsbor, The farmer must buy their wares in order to produce a market fur itls 0w, o D, 188 mau ever Lo pav off his miortzage, —unlvsa tho Government create o legnl-tender papor to enable blm todo It wita? (b Tho common renter1s ono who owus a team, ‘wagon, and & cow, and theso ofton mortyaged to the grocer ta tirocare the necessaries of 1lfo while ho ta growing & crop. 1do not think he Is a capi- talist” In any nense. ~ (5) 1 wnpposed you were awara that Uncle Nam supslies hoinesteads to any who wisli, and localltics where thess o Jocated ore the oues | referred 1o ne being the place whero amau can bo indupendent. TUR ANSWEIS— that {s, satisfactory answers—to our corre- spondent’s questiona are hard to give, bocauso peoplo differ so fu their vicws. We bave con- victlung, to be sure, but we may be wrong, 1n regly we can say: (1) The case ts bardly sup- poudble. No man with bis right senscs would el 80 valuable a farin with so small a payment down; und the man who would saddle blmictf with such u debt, and cxpect to make it out of tho fari, certatnly kuows very little of practical agriculture, Tho transaction would boa very unreasonabl2 vue fur buth, (2) Wo expect, and also sve, the it which good crups must bring In low prices, unless some unuxpected foreign demand enbauces the price. (8) [1 9 cr cend of the value of the products of » farm ary returued Lo it lu the shupe of manufactured articles lustead of cush, ft speaks very poorly for the intelligence of the farwer, 1t is truv that o0 inuch uf the income of tho farm fs de- voted to buying wmachivery not actually re- f‘&nlrud. but “thu sum stated is exorbitant. Low is the utter go Into lmnkruruv at vnce, faruer to get hold of legul-tenders unless he hus somethivg to scll? 1L they wero stacked up by the curd, he could only rrm:llrl them in that way, unless he borrowed them; and no one Joans woney now without awple security. (4) If this Le true, then the renter bad better begin as o, laborer and cease renting, A tuah who works » whole year, and who has not paid a debt or lald Ly somcthing, Is not & Huancier, or has been very uufortunate. (5) 1f owners of hoinesteads areany better off than the average farmicr in 1llinots or fuws, we have falled 1o Jearn how. We have rather an jutimate and Interssting ac- quaintance with a large number of that_ class, and s yet iaven't heard of oune who Lud all he sakod fur {u the-way of clsher maney or con- tentment. FUOM PACTONT TO PAKM, The Mirror and Farmer, in summing up the condition wrought by labor-saviug mu-hrxmy, Kivea a table of comparlsons, of which one or two will serve the purposs of {ilustration: ‘There are in this country alone 100,000 planing- machiues, which, when 1 operation, do the work of 10,000, carpenters shoviog laborivusly the old-favbloned plane; for oue of thess machines will turn out Just 84 much Gnlsbed work perdiem 28 100 skilled men. The number of sewlug-uia- chines n the couniry fs about 4,000.000, capatls of fwl'urmlnl the work of 100,000,000 rewing- girls, uperating with necdle and th ¥ haud, All 1his makes clothing, ead huuscs, and. read- 102, aud other necossaries of life cheap; but it has Feduced the dewaud for skitied wechanlcal labor 108 mcre fruction 0f what {8 would have been nad *‘the buman machine" : to do the world's work now the couutry must shapo its studics and ite Isbors to meet tha changed condition of things, The youny wan who stauds upon the threshold of sctive lfe guerylog what he shall ao, finds the l)mlrulnnu full, the atores and cxchauges swaru- g with vankrupts, sod the way Lo Lbu faclories and ebupw crowded with {dlers who only want -u“uv‘po;lulm]t 10 worh" fo ut the Selds are not full, 1f ous counters are lled with goods for which thery is no duwand. sud our citica sre full of houses for which thery are no tepaots, there 1o 8o glut of food in aoy of our markets, aud there 16 8 call for all whick labor can cudx trom the earth, wod fur everyshing tus autelligent worker cau gather from the oL, Thire de one Industry which {s wot cw Hampsbire, which passes for an agri- K al Sate, produces but thirec-toarths of tao foud . lo cun-ties, eud Leaves liomaanle of gcrca .o Mru. Elizabotts Bcrotiekd of her rotl tn graw up to the hishds, ob to retum Iens than balf the crope they should, And, while dolne this, merchants siay Gehind thelr connters antll the Sherd(@ locks the doar, mechanica atand Abont the street-cornern and' complain becaure hey can get no swork, and ymxml men grow info clironic Jaafers becanse they can't **find “an open- ne.” “And what i trun of our Stalo ia true of others, lsn't it avont time there win & new de- preture, o tuening from the factory to the fieid, rom complalning and suering fdiences to cheer- fn), earncst, food-producing work on the farm? The writer of the above cvidently supposes that the farmer arows grain and grass to fecd to s stock: that Uis cows produce butter and nilk for the hired men to consume; and o the farm Is_selfeupporting, We shonld liko to know ahn woull be done with the surplus produée it enc-hall of the peoplo now engred In othet trades shouli go to farming! \Who would consume the meaf, the tlour, and corn now eent info the manufacturing districtal There would be an increased demand for mauu- factured goods, and the milla woulil all ran full time again. ‘Then the operatives would flock back again to the mills, aud the business, after a year or two, wonll be In the kame condition as now. ‘The farmer has about as much competl- tion at present as he cares for; and, should there be a demand for more corn or eat, he can caslly increase the production without Inviting in nlrfllt deatitute from other avocations. We mn( bo sclfish, but we are not one of thora who belleve In more competition in agriculture. INDUCAMENTS TO GO SOUTIL. The country {s again being flooded with ciren- lars and prospectuses of rallway and hnmigra- tion companics wha have Innd to sell In somo Southern or Western State. The accounts given of crups grown are very favorable, and are no doubit true to a certaln estent, It wiil, liow- ever, bo noticed, by an observing pereon, that the stated oxpenses of starting a new farin are far below the actual cost, and a large numbierof items are not taken nto consideration at all, It s the old rtory of the Ilinois Central Rallroad lands told over azoln, It {s now about twenty- five years since the land of that corpugation waa offered for sale, and T ean point tadozens of men who have not pald for thelr land yetj that s, they are stlil mortgazed for the money borrowed tomake the last payment. This belng true, what prospect {s there for a man to move into the timber in some Southern State, or to ex- pend his entire capital in getting started on a Texns farmi Ono year's fallure of.crops ara spell of sickness will knock the buttom out of any caleulation that may be fgured out on paper, Our advice to the man who has a ren- fonable prospect of ever pasing forn farm where ho s acanalnted with the people, with the goil, and the manuer of growing crops, Is to atay there, and figbt out tho battle amonz {fricnds. THE POULTRY-TARD. The Poultry World—than which thero fs no better anthor! ll)'-—ffl)‘l, in speaking of the valus of charcoal and tima: . Even If tho fowls sro not confined, but capeelal- Iy e0 i they are, charcaal ponnded op fnto fino bite or plecea about the size of a orain of corn, or a little fincr, shonld bu put aronnd in small plles whers the fuwls can have casy access to it, and they will soon make uee of it. “The cost of char- conl s but a triflo: and, where the distance from tuwn or city i« #0 ¢roat as to prevent it from hefng readily obtained therefrom, the ashes from a wood- stive “niny ho sieved ont, and the mmall bits of charred wood or chgreoal used In the place of that made In the nsual way. Especlally during the rpring and early surgmer montha ia it advisahlo to use charcoal fresly, Lime, ton, is valuable In uinny wwava, In tlic farm of whitowash It begets cleantiness and freodom from divease, and hens should have lime whore they can of It, in asaisting in the productivn of ey Ruitar i ALD. RIORDON. To the Editor of The Tribune, -« CmicAgo, Sept. 23.—At 2 mecting of an' ob- reure fraction of the Republican party In the Beventh Ward, held ot No. 333 Dlue Island arenue on last Thursday evening. n scries of resolutions, which have sincg been given thepub- leity of priot, were adopted, charging me with having controlled the election of the oflicers of tha origingl club on a previous evening by mnss- ingz at tho meeting a large number of my Dein- ocratic friends, who conducted themselves in so unscemly o annnner as to compel the respectabla Republlcans to withdraw oand organize anuther club. Tha reso- lutlons, &0 far as I ain concerned, are untrun in every partleular; and, In view of th fact that my claim to a acat in tha Common Cottucil hns xzen favorably reported upon by tho Commit- toc on Electlons of that bedy, could not have becen Inspired by other thna the most nallcions wiotives. I was not called upon by any persona to control the electlon of tho oilicers of the club In question ; neither Al I take any stops In that direction. hi presence at the meoting was o purely accldental, laving besn oceaston- cd by haviog my attentfon drawn to it by loud crica ng from the atore in which tho mecting was belnge licld, while I was passing by. That my conduct whilo in the Lall was not of the *“*stamping, houtlng, yelling, and bowling " order can be attested )y _several Republicans, with whom I was engnged in conversation during my pres- enco in the gathering. 1t [s humiliating in the extreme to nntl?: the aspersions of anonymous and irresponsibie de- fnmers. Nevertheless, [ have scen fit to make this open and explicit denial, as much In defue- enee to the voters of tho Seventh Ward, who have conflded in me, as in consideeation of m: own deteatation of the disgrutotul conduct wit Which 1 am chiarged, Joun Rionpax, e — JUSTICE RITCHIE'S CASE, To the Edilor of The Tribune, TI¥nE PARK, Scpt, 2l.~In Tnag Trinuse of the 10th fnst., under the licad of *Importunt Caso,'—ovidently emanating from Sherill Kern's oflice,~reference (s made to me and my official ncts In o way that does mu Injustigs and Injury among my nelghbors and citlzens of Hlvde Park and“Chicago. My actlon in the premises was based entirely upon the aflldavit in pursuance of the statutes of [ilinols in such caaca provided. The writ wad duly lssucd by mo about 7:30 v m, without any knowledze whatever that Sheriff Kern or Deputy McDonald had anything to do with the gmpcrty of Mra. Scroficld; and much less that Mr, Reed was then in posacasion of unything belonging tu that lady by virtue of “custodian authority.” My officlal act ‘was clearly within the letter of law, and was fin- voused upon e by virtue of that law, [ was never under *urreet,’ nor placed In jail, clther by Mr, Reed, Deputy MeDonald, nor h& hizh- ness Sherttt Keen, “Ou the mumlnF Bept. 20, upon secing and reading the articles in the dally papers, § took a triend or two and my impcrl In the case and -went In person to the 1on, L, L. Mills, Statc’s Attorney, and offered to surrender wmysclt on ball to avswer any charge in the premises. At once, upon the reading of the papers Ly Mr, Mils, ho declined to take any actfon in the matter, cxeept to enter o “uollc" of the case st me upon the records of the Crimtnal Court of Cook County. I may also add that it tho writ was Jawiuf and projper to lssue, anil bas been approved @@ such, both yo nn«i the public will {ail to see bow tho olllcers and Con- stubles of my court could have been guilty of wrong In uxefllunr‘n UPON EVen 80 nugust aier- sounrs a8 Mr. eed, who claling be * Custo- dian® of Walt McDouald and his supcrior, Clarles Kern, Joun 8. Kirciie, Plain Justlco of the Peace, S The Petrified Forest in Callfornia, San Francisy I ‘The site of the petntied forest is about 1,000 feet above tho sea-devel, and leg I the sune troud with the G rs, Stouut 8t Helena, and the thermal lnrlm.'&ul Calistoga, Ueologically it 18 one vust tufa bed, fu which the trecs lie us they wero thrown, probably thousands ol years agu, Ly sumc vust convulslun of nature, “This tufa, £ will say for the benufit of the uninitlated fu sciontific lore, ts & volcanic ash or cinder: it is lavs thrown upward in a flery mass and de- scending with ‘ruin. It s *¢roy in color and J;runnlu in structure. Bomctivies 1t is found” fmbedded fu the form of litte globes or bombs, Ammonites, found in the strata, fix the event in tho cretaccous perlod; the Professor fuctines to the opiuion that it was pre-gluctal, “The trees lle as Uve or six dulerent cvelo—on the lower alwost north aud south; t the highest, northeast und southwest, At the latter level the trecs must have been bured under elizhty or 100 fect of lava; at the lowes B0J feet, their dip conforms to the dip of the tufa, and is at an angle of from thirty to forty- tive degrees, They are In fragmicats,” wany of which have been converted into charcoal, vihiers tnto lignite, and others into beautiful spectmens of jet. Where the heart of o tres had decayed the uwm is liled with opal, a form of lustrous, uncrystallized silicia, coutaiuing water. Chal- cedony, suother form of silicie, but clear aud limpld, 13 found in other cavitics. No top bias becn petrified, aud only hero and thers o soot. Mauy have been charred by fire. Bowe are Lroken after petrifaction bad takes place, as there is uo wark of splintering or brwstu: What must hiave been the isnt force that fol- lowed toeir ticst destruction to have dealt this Jurtbier blowt The majority of the trecs are redwood, seme few the wandrone, und the ligy of Bu 0ak Lias also been found, One of the tirst- namned Ls vleven fect lu diaweter, aud the part of the trunk otill preserved is sixy-@izhit fect in length, Asother shows warks of having becn backed with an ax, probably wwle of obasldisy, as all Lhe prebistoric fmplements frem thiy Jo- cality were made of this sawe substance, 8 vol- canle pock, whicn ID&)«.‘N‘ in abundanee all about. There is no wistaking the fuct that the cutting was dooe before petrifaction began, as 1).¢ cuts occur at diffvrent angles to the grainof the woad. . . INSURANC Inevitable Outcome of the Press ent Era of Low Rates, Tho Solvency of the Companies Will Necassitate an Advance. Heayy Decrease in Net Surplus for the First Half of 1877, Furber's New Recnporative Plan, and Iv:n Application to the Obarter . 0: i ' Spectal Corvespondence of The Tribune. NEW YoRK, Sept. 8—1f the American peo- Ple desive solvent insurance they will do well to study the conduct and management of the tom- panies whose policies they iold, and determine for themselves how lonz the companles can continuo on the down prade hnd escape final Qestruction. Evidently this (8 a question of vital importance to every nsurer, and in this Tetter will be found eome very suggestive statis- tes. It Ia proper to premlise thelr introduction, howevor, by tha geacgnl statement that there aro statistics of 1,200 more fires . In tha first halt .of 1877 than in the corresponding perfod of 187, and the losses arc $2,000,000 1n cxcess for tho same time? It has been remarked In these letters be- fore, the companivs cannot escape the law of averages in losses. These averages are not based on the premijums recefved, but on the Hsks assumed, - It Is well known that tho mitl- fon dollars fnsured In a particular class of prop- erty producesan avefige of lossinn sorles of Years, and it Is a scrious question with the com- panies whether they recelve an adequato or an inadequate premfum, - Whatever the difference may be represcnts the profit or loss, lience, with lorses nt a fixed average and premiuma reduced below any former experience, tho probability of increase of losses {s greatly enhanced. THR PRESKNT AND PAST RATES. Every novice, whether an underwriter ora merchant, knows that the prosent prevalling rates thraughout the conutry are Tar befow any- thing known slnco the Chicago fire, andIn nu. merous Instances arcunprecedented, It docs not require statistics to prove this statement,—any- body who has a bt of fusurable property ean prove It In five minutes by asking any company. The writer has quoted comparative rates in former letters, and tho only criticisin passed upon the quotations Is that of an insurance Journal, which says: *‘These figures are too liberal for the New Yorkrates by 20 per cent. 1le quotes bonded warchouses at 40 cents, whercas wo know of many pollcigs writtenon contentsot warehBuses at 30 cents, aud even then with a rebate to the assured.” It{s perfectly truo thatthero are such ex- amples, but the alm was rather to quoto repre- sentative than exceptional rates. In fact, all over the United States there ‘ars examples of the most extraordinary and reckless undercut- ting ever witnessed, It excels nufflnlna henrd of prior to Chivagro or Boston, and even amony old st respected companies, whoso ofliel: theveterans of the profession, the practices are common, The rule scema to bo: * Lold thy business." A TIEACTION NOUND TO OCCUR. Just as it happeus that there are perfods of depression, and recovery, and prosperity In com- mercial matters, of finaticlal punles and tinancial reeovery, 80 in the experience of fire-insurance companies thers have been regular Intervals of luw rates and heavy losses, and other times of adequate rates and fair profits. In the opinlon .of many of our most experienced underwriters, wo are now approaching the period of recovery. Low ratea will doubtiess prevail for another six months, at Jeast unless o disustrous vonilagration oceurs meanwhlle; but it is moro than lkely—~it Is slmost a pertalnty— that whon the annual statcinenta afe mads un next January many compaules will be found minus o surplus, or with such a smull surplus that thelr impairment will be suspected. With this discovery the dear }uubnu witl bt warneil by n horde of brokers and (nterested parties to he- wara of such oflices. In this conditlon of affairs it s cosy to foresco an advance of rates and s posltive reaction in the management of com- panles. The large companies will be the tirst to tako advantage of this reuction, and it requires neither a prophet nor tho spirit of o proplict to percelve tho Interest of the public in the fn- crease of insurance ratos o8 a sine qua uon of tho solyency of companios. AN BXUIBIT OF TUB LOSSRS OF 1877, Ono of the States hus called for a semi-annual statement from companies, dotailing thefr con- ditlon July 1, same as upon Jan. 1 of each ycar. An_abstract of thoso reports hins just boen made, and s an uteresting study, “The only [mrt which wilt bear reproductlon “so soon after ho January flzures is the column showing tho net surplus of companios comparatively; audit I8 o romarkable fnct that nearly all the agency companies show o lurgo docrease, and only a few an fncrease. The lollowlng Hat witl ilus- trato this decrense conclusivelys FORKIGN CUMI'ANIES, ro Decrease of net " Aun 4Etns, of lartford, Agricnitural, New York, Atlantic, New York Ultizens', New Work Fire Ansoclation, Franklin, Germane., merican, Now Y Niagara, New York... Northwestrn National, \{laconsin, Orient of lantfond ‘Washineton, Noston The companics sl Z 8N Humburiz, Bremon, g Lancashire, (‘fun ), Amnerl- can Ceutral, Comumerciul (New ork), Contl- ueuta), Firemen's (New Jersey), Glen's Falls, tlome (New \!urk&,l .\l‘.mhnu:nz5 New Hampshire, tho Weatchester, Whllamsburg City, and‘a few more. 1OW LONG OAN COMPANIES STAND 1T} l{ the reduction o surplus continucs [n the sanic rutio another slx months, sume of the compantes witl have no surplus at all when Jun- uary arrives, The most extraonlinary fealure sbout the abovo list Is that it contalns the numes of many ;ivmmhu:nt cowpanies whowse Directors declared In July the regular dividend to stock- holders, regavdless of the dimifulsbed sure film beld “by thelr cowpauies, This, - eed, f8 one” of the ewils of ihe busi- ucas. Direetors are clamorous for dividends in uppaosition to the wishes, very often, ot the more coutious Presidents and Beeretaries of the com- panics. 1t is sulcidal in these troubled timos fur cotmvanies to \'olumnnl{' rgluce thelr sur- plus, for in this ltem of-thelr assets they tlnd their sheet anchior, If they can weather the storm of law rates and Increased losses through thia yeur, and come out unhwpaired ot 1ts close, thelr good Juck will come through the pos- seaslon of a @ handsume aurplus. Without this they ure bound to go to the wall, as some of the sualler concerns have already discovered, The aim of the wost cautlous men fu the bisinead s o increase the surplus of their company, anag anything which tends to diminish it s 2o as- wault in u vital spot. TUE NEW YOUE CITY BUSINESS. Fortunately the fporative character of the Taw establishing the Fire Patrol of this ity comipely all tho cumpanivs tomake thelr retyrus wice @ year as a basis of nssessuments, and thus we are ¢nablad to note the progress of the com- panles' n:m:lru through a serice of vears. ‘The Eeturns for the first six montla of 1577 are just out, and furnlsh an ioterestivg study. They ciobruce only the locul business from our city, sud tbe Ugures sbow how*steadily downwurd our cotpaules are golug {n thelr receipts, The motion of busivess in the fret hall of three years are giveu fu parallel columuns, where they iway Le stldied fu further solution of the prob- L of bow louz the comvanics can staud this rortof nonsense. The azgregates arc as fol- lows fot alx months ending July 1:. ® York Cit 1875, 1870, 1877, ew Yor Companics. 82,60, 738 $2,185,501 $1,843,320 Al other Ce panies 1,108,170 1,085,468 090,812 81,701,014 83,471,010 $2, Decrense in 1877 helow IR7S, S0, 748 Decreare in 1877 boluw 18; 346,818 The difference in the last six months will un- doubtedly be much greater, aud for the wholo f«nr will” probably excecd an even milifon dot- ars, RETURNS OP THR LEADING COMPANIES, ‘That the reader may know by whom the losscs of premiums have been borne In these years, it will be interesting to study the retnrns ol the leading ropresentative companics, those known s the Iarge agency companies, as well as_thoso exclusively engaged in local busincss. The st is as follawsa: + CITY QOXFANSRS, e nix Firet iz Firstetr AN monAte i, G0 83,603 10,3k Knicki Maunhattan... sesens 40, Mechanics' & Tradery', . 40,078 Munufacturera’ & Bnild's’ 42, B07 New York I 000 21,021 28,718 Duffalo German Flremen's Fund, Ca Etna, lartford .., Hartford,..oioee Traders’, Chicag Springtiold, Mass. anuracturers’, Boston 8, Paul, Min Amazon, Ohbio. American, Phtladeloh North American, Phil'a, 20,054 Franklin, Philadelphia. Fire Assoclation, Phil’ Prov., Washington Merchants’y . ExuLISIE AND © . Dritish & Mercantlie.. B1, Liver,, London & Globe, 10 dunrdlan 3 Royal.. Queen Tiperial .. Northern, Comure Lancanbite, London Assuranco. 30 224100 Scottish Commercial 16,008 18, Western, Toronto 14,311 11,808 Diritish-American. 15,310 18800 1 Rtogal Canadian, 1885 21,057 25,022 It win be ubscrved that in® the foregolng st only four city companica, six outslde companies, and cight foreign companiea alow an- fncrease In 1877 over 1870, but the bulk of the conipanics are as {or helind that year as fn 1870 they wero belilnd 1775, ‘Theso fichires show the motion of New York City business very clearly, and dem- onstrate the result of tho reduclng ‘rates from 88 to 0 per vent below former years. Thoy prove huw the rates have killed fhe busincss even for thoss which show an lncrease, for it {s susceptiblu of proof thut the increased premiums of u few companies were received for a far greater ageregate of risks than in formor years. TUE LOCAL FIRES YOI EIGUTEEN YEANY, The Fire-Patrol report shows that, while the averago yearly fires tor cleven years have num- bered only 801, the experience of 1877 thus far shows 1,001, The sawoe report wives tho totals of fusurances on dumufcd uildlngs and umount of lusa thereon for clghteon years, The aggre- Eates ore as followa: Insuranco on Luildings, Losses on bnlldinm.’?’. Averazo porcentage, 18 years.... insuranco on contents Lownes on contents.e.... Average percontago, 18 years,., A ANTAGIONISM TOWARD DRITISI COMPANIRS. Tho uow law rclatlve to statcmonts has gona Into effeet, nud thero has been a ganeral over- hauling_of advertisements, sirn4onrds, blot- ters, and other advertisiug matter issued by tho companies. This law was lutended to opefnto adversely to the large English companies dofng buainess fn this State, angl it has transpired that It cost the sum of 8810 to pass tho bifl througl the Legislature, Tho items of oxpenscs have been printod,-and smbrace the following: Natlonal Fire-Insuranco 'Cnm's)lmy. il burssments, Including four trips of G R . 4V, Uraham, services 11] Al E. Delggn, President Willlamsburg City In- BUERDED COMPANY. oot cras il son s . W, Savago, Vrosidont Columbla Insur- nnwcompanly... . . , 00 N, €, Mhiler, Frosl 7.90 The amount required to pay theso expenses was contributed by fifty-five dtficmx:fnmlc-. which paid 816 eacti. The effect is ludicrous. Home of the contributors havo been obliged to withdraw thelr advertisements entirely for fear that thelr figures would be worso than uon at all, and others are obliged to content them- sclves with simply announciug thelr uames and oflicinle, ‘The English companies, It anything, have cained fn thote showingd, and many of tho most ru?pvlahln underwriters are heartily ashamed of the whole affalr, It was a pleayun- lsh sttempt'to bellttle English companies, and has ucted a8 4 bonmerang tu return aud plague the {nventors. The truth is that the returns quoted clsewhere provoe that the Enxlish com- panies are gottlog busivess at the expense of the eity companies, TUN NEW HRQUPBRATIVR I'LAN, The Universal Lif of this ¢ity fs onoof tho Furber companles pronounced fnsolvent by the Btate Insurance Departuent, anid now beforo the vourts to test the question, As an {nstance of tho unllinited cheok of Mr, Furber, It may bo remembered that when the management of the Universul was arraigned as reckless and crimi- nal, he wus carly in the fleld to denounce the charge s Inmmmu' outrageous, cte. o em- plurvcd the Company's funds to pay lawyers to reslst the threatencil lhwalvnnhl&. and resorted to other expedlents to sustain his charncter be- fore the community., Now, behold the sequel, The Universal Is a supoltant fur the favor of the courts to permit it manager to try the plan of recuperatiug ita fullen fortunes by reduclng ita poticy Hublllties 40 per cent and prewlums ta pruportion. The 8tate Department has consent- ed 80 for to this plun us to ugres to pust- pony further procecdings for a fow weeks o gnable Furber ana his {rifuds to sceure the consent of policy-holders to the plan, wud, If that Is succcasful the, Department will, upon a fresh exwmination, ullow thie Company to pro- ceed, This (s the new recuperation plan of the Universal, and dispatches from Hartford atato that it Isalso proposed that the Charter Osk shall udopl the sutiy expedient. From thelater uappearances it Is quite evident the Chartor Oak must do somothing to get rid of fta full stock of llubllity, or clse it will not pull through jts ditticnlties. Its investments, being used wi col- laterals for loans, are not eurningz anything for the Company, and hence its affalrs are in a very uncertaly conditlon, Ib is about the toughest vuntract the -ex-lostmaster General ever undertook, and it {s sald he privately ad- mits it. The Universal plan of recuperstion s such a Furberish look that 1t is a wonder tho Charter Oak people listeu to it for an inatant. TUE DAY PASSED BY, 1t 14 nolonger pussible for any oflicer of a 1ife Insurnfice company to trifle with its officers or by trickery to puin the contidence of the pub- lte without suffering publie coudemuation sud retiring trou its ‘:uuudhwruud man. There {3 one individual ln this city, lately connected with thu New Jersey Life, now under indictment by the Graud Jury of Essex Count{ of thut Btate, upon a churge of consplracy, w! hleh o ht to bu “robbery of widows aud_orphans,” some reason the Guveruor of New York de- clines to Lonor the requisition of the Governor of New Jerscy for this wan's body, tothe end that he inay be tricd by & jury of hls peers, He decloes to surrender Binself to the Jurfsdiction of the Stal ud yet brazealy prints columnne of uonsense to show how he hus beeu Injured and uujustly charged, whereas the confidiug policy- holders whont e assfsted to Inveigle into the New Jersey Mutual have been led to think thes are the wjured parties. His natg 1s' Hewr, Daldwin, and, strange to luz the United States Lite-Insurance Company, which Is & reputable fustitution, retalng bl iu its employ—an in- dicted robber!? NEuo. e —— . A Parlsfan Student. Londun Truih A friend of mine, passiug through Parls tho other day, hiad the curivslty to cnter the School of Mediciue. The annual oxaminations wgro kolug vi, aud be found in & Jurge room thres doctors i red gowus, surreunded by a crowded sudicnce, A student was bemng questioned on botany. Most cvidestly the learned masier wbpu{ to fayor the peophyte with cusy ques- tlos, He hwt boiore ul, upou the table, sev- eral weeds, comtuun plauts fur the must part, of which ke asked mmply to be told the names, Firstot all, a 1 plint. * Leok at this spechimen,” sald Le. *Well, don't you know 11 It is quite o fwniliar plant (o yoy. [ dare Bay you usc it turee or four thues” o dey. Go ou, it ls——1" Tho student was silent—could not find an idea. Suddenly a flash of fusplration catne across bis wind; uny be burst out: et de Pabsinthe ™ +01$18,231,620.00 ’%u’.l,'u'uf.oq EUROPEAN GOSSIP. The 01d French Aristocracy of the Fa;l- bourg 8t. Gormain. Seditlous Quotation Markg--- Something About M. v Thiers. Te The Ciar's DBear-Treserves.d Scolding for {ho Prince of Wales, 5 ' TOE FAUBOURG ST. GERMAIN. Whitehall Retiew (Lonidon). ‘The Faubourg St. (ermaln Is boanded on the north by the salon of the Duchesse Pozzo df Borgo and that of the Duchesso d*Avaray; on tho enst by the salon of the Duchesse do Gal- Hora; on tho south by the ealonbf the Comtesse Duchatel;"and on the west by the salon of the Comtense de Behague. Within this grand gen- cral outllno there are indecd some centres of eésentlal importance—tha salon of the Comlcsse de Mirepolx, of the Comtesse de Crolx, and of thoe Duchesse de Blsaccia; but wo have no time to domore than sketch the great boundarica within which, morcover, Is concentrated all that 1s amusing or worthy of intercst in the social life of the capital of civilization. While Rolng from one to ihe other of the salons aboye named we shall be able to examine and appreclate In its varfous expresatons the 1ife of i he Faubourg St. Germaln,—marringes, recep- tlons, habits, fashions, and tuttl quahti, Itisin tho Ruo de I'Uuiversite, in a. majeatic hotel whose blackened stones attest the antiquity of the family Inhabiting ft, that the Duchesse TPozzo di Borgo hiolds her court, The reception- rvoms, wnlch are on the ground floor, are deco- rated withachaste uniformity whichlends a har- mony aud unity to the entertaloments. Tho Duchiesso Valenting Pozzo s the second of tho four daughters of the last of thg Crillons,~the Uen. Duc de Crillon, who dled in 18:0,—licr sis- ters belng the Marquise de Chanaleflled, the Duchesse do Carnman,'sod the Comtesse do Levls-Mirepofx. Twoyears ago lust January sho celebrated the forty-thinl anniversary of her marriago with the DucCharies Pozzo, Eudowed with sound judgent and the most delleate tante, having beardmuch and remembered much that shie has heurd, the Duchesee possesses to n most eminent degrea that supreme mlvantage— the gift of conversatlon, which consists not so mitch fn sbining one's sclf as In extracting light from others, The diplomatic traditlons of the Porzo family, the varlous natlonalitfes from which It has “drawn its power and splendor,— Corsica, Russiy, France,—naturally inake the salon of the Dychessa n cosmopolitan centre In which ons may bo sure of mecting with eminent. men from every European 8tute—Minlsters di- recting the affalrs of thoir own country, or Am- bussadors myrewnunmlmlr aovercignln France, Al the Ilotel Pozzo ‘the International Divine Right s firinly believad In, and the greatest con- cesslona mada to Liberallsm of the present day do not go_beyond the CAarta editio pring that of 1814, This theoeratic salun is there- fore the cherished resort of the Church, Mgr. Dupanloup being on assiduous gucst during his sojourns ln the Capital. One evening ot a brill- fant recv.-ruun, the prelate, leaning his clbow ngafnst the mantel-shelf, suddenly announced that ho had a solemn presentatfon to make, Breaklug the general silonco which succeeded this announcement,the Nustrious Bishopgrave- 1y presented to the brilliant assembluge—all a- glitter with diamonds and decorations—St. Mad- tleine, and solleited contributiona to restoro the celebrated erotto of Bainte-Baume, In which aho Is reported to have passed tho lust thirty years of her life, It may be rendily fmagined” that this [imycr was not addressed to deaf cars, and that tho guests of tho Ducheaso were most gen- crous, This fucident portruys with wonderful felicity and precision the pasticular salon we are sceking to describe; 1t {8 not morely an ance- dote—It 1s a key-note. 1f tho salonof tho Duch- csso Pozzo dl Borgzo Is_essentially a cosmopolf- tan one, that of the Duchesse d'Avaray holds but one creed, bellof in the old regimeo, and has {for o banner the most iminaculate of white Haga, It is the Extremo Right of tho Iauboury 8t, Germaln, Every one knows, moreover, by what bonds of loyalty aml devotion on one side and ratitudo on the other the family of Lcalade ("Avaray Is connceted with'the etder branch of the Bourbon family, Tho Kiug Lot uls XVIIL himself took carc to render unsellsh fidelity— netorfous whon, ou conforring the title of Duke on bis companion in uxile, ho gave him as a motto the words, * Vicit iter durum pletas,” ond authorized him to quarter the Royal arms of France upon his escutcheon. Duc d'Avaray, formerly an offlcar In the armiy of Charles X., has remalned falthful to the tra- ditions of his family, The D'Avarays are not contented with meroly loving the white flag of the Bourbons—they fight for it. The Duclicsse Mathilde i’ Avarny, who belongs to a branch of the Montemart hmhy. 1soncotihe mostcharming and sympathetio represontativesof thearistocra- cy of France, and exerts a most powerful and beneflclal Influence over the soclety of tho Fau- bourg, an influence the extent of “which will bo appreciated byh any who ara well versed In socinl usagea abroad when we eay that sho ls the lady who -rocelves the onl’ personal visits of any of the leaders of soclety In Parls. At other houses ono. moercly lenyes a canl; at hers we elect to pay the debt in purson, and to hor week- Iy receptions—hokl In the daylime in the beau- thtul hotel of the Rue do Qrencllv, 2no of thoss raro old palaces of the Fouboure which still has the name of the family Inscribod above the rtal, and of which thostalrcase is celebrited rom the Pont des Saints Peres to the Pont Louts XV.—llock over a hundred ple, In the soclety of the Fauboury, Indeed, it 18 tho custom to vialt frequently. 1t 1s a little cllique i which every ouo knows and s foterested 'in the affairs of another, Mere nothinys are there of more linportance than in any other -odu{ with which we ure nflnuuwd. Thero is 8o ucl time to be killed, und it 1 sv plensant to kill 1t chatting with a fricud! But it s especially the ladies who devote the alternoon to the paying of visits. The tnen have the Chiumbre, the Con- sells d’Admintstration, the clubs, borsos, and other things of which wo way nol speak, but they hayve nothing. Bollcitude about tho educa- tion and training of their children—a question which ahsorbs aod ceutealixes, us it were, the: intercst of famllies of u lower clusa of tifo—cx- +Asts not for thy grande dame du F"m"'fi Al hus beon settled wecording to tradition before- hand—the boys £o to the fathers, or are coutided to " tho care of private tutors, who are lunrlahlé In houly orders, amil the ent tothie Convent of the Bacred leart, Olscaux, or intrasted to the carg ofa governcss wlo Las exclualyo control over thew § anddu the last-mentioned cose, when the girl marries, bho governcas Is fuvariably given a pen- sion of from 8,000 to 5,000 franys a year,—ucver more. Marriage I8 the great aud all-absorbine (jlll stion (n the Faubourg, and at the bottum of ull the inauy ltile tutrigues which are constant- ly betug st un foot; at onc thinae to revive the drooplug ancestral treawith goldea waters How- ing from o plebelan source; at another to strengthen by alliance. two noble houscs. The convent and the sacristy play no stuall parts in these little comedics, and ninoteon out of every twenty marriages o rated inthe Faubourg 8t. Utrmalu bave been settlod du the of the Bacred Ilcart. It Is a rule in the society of the Faubourg wever togo boyond a certaln sum in the marrlage settlement or dof of the bride; and, moreover, it I8 generally the in- come and pot the capital that Ia griven, frum 15,000 to 25,000 francs (froin £600 to £1,000) & year betng the usuu) allowance, It is gencrally cunsidered far preferable fors young couple not to be at the nead of a great establislinent, and more advautageous snd prudent Lo reserve the capltal to provide for the wants of the combug generation, Large dowrles, it §s con- sldered, are ouly necdod by such girls as have uo other clalms upon soclety, and are forced to seck an entrance Ly breaking down the dbur With the money-bags., 1t s only just that they should bave Lo pay for the coronet they arc u_search of,’ said Mlle. Do B.; “as for us, wa haye It, and so 1's trousseau,” As we are king of warriaze, let ue call to uotice a fuck which Is peculiar to tha clique of qxlci.ly which we are endeavoring to describe. The Faubourg St. Gerinaln s the only coteyic of Paris socicty in which the tra- ditlon of 8 speclal dress for ‘the marriage cere- mony is skitl kept alive; whereas on the nght bank uf the Belne ane gore to 8 wedding in ordi- nary visitiug dress, ou Lhe lett bauk oue must bo in full evenlng costune—*en grunul hubit,’” os they uscd to suy in the days of the Rol Solell. Thé bouuets of the ladfes are white, or at ot leait always .ol some very habl. culor, and trimincd With feathiers and sigretivs, Thu dresses, the trains of which are chaily Jone for ‘the occaslon, sre trlmmed witt lace—white tor the most part, aod Sually (sud this Is o choracteristie detal)), the siniple or fancy carringa which are deviyuenr in the day- timo are on this occusion replaced by dinmouds. This powp sod splendor with which the merriage cureniony {u the Fuuboury is couducted scems W us to be dictated by a Hue and clevated sentd- ment of gond taste. Friends do not come shin- vly to wiluess the ceremony, but, by dreseing Wil Bupreme elew: und varo for the occasion, Would seews Lo aytipathize with and participate in the joye and hopes of the ydun eouple. 'The The present most hardened old hachelor wonld read nounce the fatal 51 any to pee pgirs married at Sainto Clothilde, et - THIERY, M. Thiera keenly felt Leauty bn the anfy egctable worlds, 1o tended by nuwmml:",‘: they were living things. Anxlety for iy ming-birda serfously preyed wvun him of amd Bordesux. 'Tears of joy one dag by, lis eyesnt Vorsailtes, when M, cflnru':lfi{"’,',“ took vut of his pocket some tiny pots of m"u which Fontaine allowed him 10 enrry off on! the Place 8t. Georges. The palr of Razelles m’;: hiin by the Eqpllnn Pashia In 1840 1iyeq to old nge, and founded n dynasty. N, oot sed to te irrcsistibly | drawi fator "SI warden - of his _Minlsterla) residencg |“' caress them, Ile taught the gop 10 e at b feet “whh her head againag hiooGy 0 ho was working at budzets and wrigip, dfn patclies. s Jove of horacs nmounledz; . posglon, He had thought of writiug a heoy® of the horse, o olitain materinls for which 13 overenino his averslon to the Due (e Morn; y one of the leading turfmen of tha Ewplre, (] used to speculate on the eloquent Lhingy Il-u horae would utter if It could but speak,” \'\-,,': it conveyed through I8 eye and noatr) nné’«l him with sdmiratlon. Ibrahim, the stecd | rode about Parls In our Princess Rogai's Imbm hood, waa a rival of the razelles. Un tays kh(;. lie could not go out he used to send Tor 1y, steed to the mows, aud have him jed rhunxh. the window of a_ eronuni-floor Altllm;»mm° whers ha talked to him and pulled his cagg "™ Thicrs nlwaya rose ot 4 o'clock, workeq in cessantly nil ‘day with the exception of ey hours Léforo his dinner, aud theso he devote] |° sleep, undressing and going to bed, Jng n mg cevening he was s lvely and active ng though kg bore no burden on his shoulders, and way carry, Ing on animated discussions with al] aryngg hiin, whilo his alds-de-camp and sectetariy were valaly endeavorlng to Reep thejr eyes open. AL this period ha frequently, when an; fmportant measure was to be brought forway worked right through the night. But o nore! showed auy symptom of wearinessor exhaust. fon. 1 can testify to the reality of his wypy seaing that at this time ho frenuiehtly, whon | have spoken to him between 11and 12 o'k at night; hns iade an appointment with mg for 5 o'lock on tha following morning, Ap X planation of his extraordlunry power of one duranca was offcred by hila way ot living, andjt was asauincd that, becauso M, Thicrs eschewe) tea and coflee, beeause Lo made Lis first mey of g basin of soup, beeause his urual bey. crage consisted of speclally-, Bordeaus co. plously diluted with water, therefore any ayer. n:.;n"lmltlvldulnl ;nnl:l wz:lrk mi twenty hoirs gy of the twenty-four, and could reorganize tionat the sgo of TU. i i —— TIE CZAR'S BEAR PRUSERVES, Gatehina Corresporidence 5an Francisco Chroniey, We bent olit stops towand the deer and ety n:\rk,i’lll&ll I8 Inclosed n order to keep the wolves from preying upon tha'young. The anf- mals here are quite tame, and cvidently are buy seldom hunted. My gutlo informed mo that the Emperor preferred the moro exclting par- suit of bgln, whicharo very nuincrous in thess forcsts, and must not bo shet except by highest permisston. It was not Jong hefore wo caught slizht ol one of the bruln family in o lttle clesy. ing, where somo trees had been felled and cut up Into firewood, n huge stack of which hat been selected Dy i bearship as a conventent spot to sun himsélf. On our snpronch the auk .maly ong of tho brown, curly-hatred kind, sat up and soiffed the alr, and then, eyi- dently put out at belng " disturbed, he wled crossly * and began to mow uncasily about, knocking tho loose sticks uf wood to the ground right and left. [ was for moving on, but Fedka, tho gumo, nssured me thero was 1o danger, na the hears of Gutcling are abundantly fed, and hove never been known to attark a man un‘qu driven to the wall, Az wo turnod mv:({ to et bruin vontinue big sicatn, Fedka rolnt ocepreed nt one of the Emperor’s bear hunts soma thne ago. The s{mn:lh Ambassador to Russin ot that time was the Duke of Ossuua,a yery pompous, concelted grandee, well versed in all the rales of court nzl?uule, ut A small, weazenod, drled-ug man, of no physleal courage, ond but an Inditfercnt sportaman. The Eme &uror lind fovited him tooneof his huntss atchinn, an honor which could not bo de clined, and, muflled up in costly sables, the Duke' st out with. the Imperal anl.y sud was consigned to ,a post of lonor, a tree next to tho one behtdd W“k‘h the Czar awaited tha coming of such game ns the huntsmengmight drive up. A huge bear mada his appearance, hls temper somewliat roiled by tha utiwelcome nolse ot dl:i;. nod horns beliin bim, aud the Emperor made a slgn to the Am. bassador to shoot. The Duko bowed deoply, and declared his unwillingness to shoot beforo his lmperial host. The Emperor urged him to dis- rezzard ctiquette for oucs, but the little grandee contiuued his profuso protestations untll the bear had drawn uncom(ortably close, and by lils forbidding aspoct caused the Bpaulard to shiake with fear and forget his polile utteriugs. A sliot from tho Emperor, who was laughing fn his sleeve, interrupted the animal's vrogress, but the victim of tho joke, bathed In parspiration, foll fainting upon thosnow, and hul to bo taken to the palace on a strotchier, 2 it Tonrg "Q ——— WITAT IIAS ITE DONE NOW ! London Torld, R Tt Is the misorable fato of * Prince Ials," fn every age and country, rarely to hear the truth when’ they are alive, and still moro rarcly to hava justiva done after death to such good quslk fties as they posscased. The many kindly storles which are now told, and which redound to the Prince's credit; will pass nway with thelr norr- tors, and |¢ will bo retnembered only that there was no frinnd to give him thnely warning of his fmminent danger, and of the gathering disfavor with which his widely-conspiciious lfo ts hq]vdlu- ning Lo be watchod. ‘A city set wpon o hill caonot bo hid”. It (s cerlain that Albert Edward, Priuce of Wales, hns not o kinder or braver heart, o nobler prescnce, & Lotler understanding, or o happler, manner than distingutshed bis predeccssgr (Geargo 1V,); aad how does that predeccasor How llye in English history? It hns often been sald of tho Prince's futher that, by reason of a shy, unsymputhele manner, Lo was lcss popular lu_lifo than b gendal son, who has a taste for Enclish aports amd pursuits which his studlous foreigu-bor futher could ot bo cxpected to ghare. Bit death, which ahiuts the zato of envy, nid causes en's deeds to be viewed througli clear spects cles, had raised the Priuce Consort to the Ligk ent vlunaelo of human estoem, because [t % known of hitn that % whatover record leaps to 1iizhit he never shali be shamed.” Mouarnful, 08 the other bund, and humiliating 1s It to refuct what manner of records will * leap to HNzht " 0 ;.luft" o tue Prince ofsWales takes Lls place in Ory. How far his Royal Highness may bo tempted to undercatimate "the responaibilities of Lis po- sitlo by tho davgerous fricods and blind coun- sclors who assure Llm that fo the publiceyas Princo can o no wrung, or that tho virtucs of bis Royal mother and of his wife will covera multitude of personal [ndiscretions, {s nut fur us tosay. Twice mlght the heir appurent havo heand tho voles of serfous—as It should have proved sufliclent—warning, Detween fivg Bix years ngo his almost unhuped-for recovery from an fllncss, of which the very suspcuse dis slpated the vevolutionary clouds that wers thickly gathering, scemed to allund him a new starting voiut. Tho same opportunity may be saill Lo Liave rcrumd iis0lf ou tho oceaston vl his visit to Iudlo. Nor fs it yet too late: bub thero s 80 end evon o the opportunities of Princes, and therefore it {s that we refuscto bear -n{ tonger our portion of the weighty responst billty attaching to & too servilo and complisint sileniee, which, should mischief nulwrvenn. will to tho next generation appear cqually fucredivls sud base, . OIVING THF. ROYAL ASSENT, ., London Mawrulr, The cletk on the right band of the tabte before the woolsack in the House of Lords takes up 8 Ulll, aud, turning round so o to face the Roysl coumisstoncrs, bows low, the clerk at the other slde performing at the same time preciacly the sume gestur, a8 I the two wers councctod LY an axle, snd turned by u siugte cogwheel. Tho clerk on the right, who is kuown as the Clerk Parlluwent, reada tho titlo of the bill, and thes faces to thefeft, The Clerk of the Crown ud the utter band faces to the right, snd belog thus brought face to face, tho Clerk of the Crowd chants, *La rc{nn le veult!® Then some uno in charge, posslbly the resident cuiineer, Rives another turn te ths juvisible wheel, the Clerk u Parliament and the Clerk of the Crown simul- taneously turn towurd the tive figures,'sud bo¥ duwu almust to thelr boots, The Clerk of Par- lument takes upanother bill and reads the title, after which hie turus aud bows sgaln, the Llerk of the Crown bowiug at the sanie tme. Thea they turn aud faco cacl uther us before, ab unce wore thers ringe through the chamber the sulemn luzubrious chant, * La reyue le veult! Faucy tuls golug on without fntesmlssivn oF variation for the space of a quarter of so houn add to it oo usbect of settled melanchioly oo sbo fave of the Clesk of thu Crows, und an ever devpenivg sadoess iu mougtunous chuitty “1ereyus o veult!” and some cxeuss may be found sor the ladics, whiv, to the number ol 5 teen, Were, belore the ceremouy was oven I duced B slate of exhaustion through u trolluble Jaugbter, wiach jt way felt “desirabls shuuhd be, Uke Usaud Court's Stalle, luwasds s hum. to us an Incident which *