Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 18, 1877, Page 6

6 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, AUGUST 18, 1877—TWELVYE PAGHS. RAILROADS. Why the Roads Are Unable to De« clare Dividends. Their Earnings Eaten Up by Rebates, Fast Freight Lines, Ete. Mr. Garrett Gives Somo Facts Regard- ing the Baltimore & Ohio. The Live Stock Trouble—Checking the “Ontting of Freight Rates, WHAT EATS UP THE PROVITS? With the view of getting bis opinion In re- gard to the business outtouk, ina railroad point of view, a Trinunz reporter yesterday insin- uated himseif Into the good graces of a proml- nent railroad ofliciat, whoso office 1s in Chicago, and succacded in holding a lengthy conversa- tion with lim. Said he: “Ecan only consent to cive inyopinion with the distinct understand- ing that my namo and tho road with which I am connected shall not be mentioned. And, you must remember, that what I may say to you will bave a general and not a special bearing, or, In other words, will concern raliroad bual- ness generally, and no road in particular,” : + Suppose you refor first to the busincss out- look,” suggested the reporter, “Las just about to remark that I believe that tho railroads centering hero will this fail and winter do an immense frelght business, but make but yery little money above thelr current expenses, HowdoT account for that! Well, the proposition {s plain to railroad men. All the roads running from the East, the great trunk lines, aro unfortunately harnessed with too many sub-lincs, with which they. are compelled by contract to share their carnings. By sub-linca I refer to the lines known as tho “Globe,” Blue,? “ Anchor," “ Star-Union,"” “National Dispatch, and a wholo grist of othorsas numerous as tho tentacles of Victor Hugo's devil-fish. I will refer to these lines at some other point. As tothe outlook for our roads, J think wo shall dos large buaincss. The abundant harvests of ccrcals and the urgent de- mand coming up from tho East and from Eu- rope,—tho Intter demand haying been aug- mented by tha partial failure of the corn,whent, and rye crops of Great Britain and the Medl- terrancan,—will find ready. and paying markets at Boston, Now York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, ond alundred other pointa, and thts grain will have to be carried at a profitable figure for the raflroad companica, or on a slender margin. J fear that there will be but little prollt to clvide untess tho trunk lines raise the tai, and Peoity and houestly abide by the ites agreed upon, You ask what I would sug- gest In the premises? Simply this— ESTALLISHED RATES) PAYING RATES, not tow high, nor too low." : “But would the companies abide by any compact that they should make!” inquired Tue Tatwenn man. ‘There is the rab, the rock upon which wo have ¢o often. spit Ifwo could do away with this throut-cutting businuss, and cater Intohonor. ablocompetition, every line could offord to pay Its servants 20 per cent toro than it docs now, declare a dividend twico a year, reduce its indebtedness, and inn few years run its stock, up to par yatue. What ostonishes me, that which {s Incomprehensible, Is tho fact that we are robbing oursclyes, committing Nnanctal suicide, ind snviting the Sheriff to step in ant hang out alg red flag,when we might be prosperous {f we were but united. The reduced rates on all iinds of freightsto and from the East are Airectly traceable to the mismanagement of railroad affairs, Just think of carrying 20,000 ounds of corm clear from Council Blufls i Portland for #00, or ot the rate of 30 cents per hundred pounds, and then think of tho number of ronds which faye to share tho amount. You would hardly belleve it, and yet it 5a fact, that that Sgure Just. about covers expenses and permite of an exceedingly «mall promt. This {s one of the results of our throat. cutting policy, out of which has grown slong train of gvils, such os ‘THE MEDATE SYSTEM, etc. Thissystem 1 consider the inust vicious of them all’? OWRD ioe have the kinduess to explain it?’ “Certaloly, Ineed not give you the deriva- tlon of tha word. because you understand that, You may apply it in two senses, and In both it is money out of tho railroad pocket; a great, stupendous teak, which scems to have no cnd- tng. To explain it satisfactorily it 1a necessary to go into details. These revaics are given fn order to attract custom, aud {t has bean my cx- perloncs that the larger tho rebate the larger ho custom. For tustance, large wholesale houscs ko Ficld, Leiter & Co,, Stettaucr Brus, Guild, Briggs & Co, Stewart & Co, and a hundred “other such —establishmenta in Chicaco, make annual contracts with the Pittsburg & Fort Wayne, altiinora & Ohio, Michigan Centrat, and Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Rallroads.—or rather with cortain lines controlled by the roads, such as tie * Bluo Linc’ and tho others 1 have mentioned,—to bring their purchascs frou Boston, New York, Fuladsiphia. Albany, Hartford, and other Eust- ern poluts at a certain flzurc, say at 75 cents per hundred pounds. Seventy-five cents would pay, ‘f that were tho oxact figure, but it Isn't. ‘Theso anerebania pay the 7D cents, or whatever the pilin agreed upon may be, and just at this-polut ts intreduced Mr, Rebate, Of this 7% cents a rebute of 3 or 45 cents ls pald back whenover the merchant may lay claim for the amount, sud be as sure to de tt at the end of every ono tr two months, Let me cite further, Say that Tuc ‘Triuuse has ow contract with the Sur Untow "Line to transport all its printing paper froin Boston, ‘Tho line, in order to cloak ts operations, und for the purpose of aistanclng comporitien, may agree to varry from Boston to Chicago for 75 conta per hundred, allowing a generous rebate of 45 cents on every {WU pounds carried by the Iie, For instance: You ae 40,000 pounds at 75 genta per cewt, The freight bill woutd all for $300, did you would pay it, but Ina few days you would ‘send iu o DUL for rebate, somethlny Vike this: Mlinots Central Hallroad to Tuisune, De., for rebate ou shipmonts, as follows: ‘Total weight 40,000 pounds, ub Toe per cwt., $200, should have been 40,000 pounds. at cents per cwh, $12, Ke- bate (the difference) $180. ‘Thus, you seu ‘I's TumuNy would only be actually paylag 30 cents per 100 pounds. At that rate you could brig a 1,000-pound piano clear frum Boston for $3. ‘This ts the actual condition of affatrs, ‘That so cents per hundred pertnits of but ttle mare for distribution among the innumerable ‘suck- ers’ with which the roads are surrounded,” ‘You ore rather vague; what do you mean by “BUCKRIs'{"! “Why, tho ‘ince,’ agents, ewitchiag charges, robates, overcharges, ¢te., to the end, Mlnen- ton them. J was ybout to say that in this city today about ning out of every ten larze ship- pets get thelr rebate; somo gathering larze sums and others swalier, accordlug to their shipments. [could mention not less than tilty who haye been, or are, and will recelyo o druw- back of from 4d to 50 cents on every dollar thoy dovest fn freight-bills, and I could mentlon drovers, or commission men, who annually atber in rebates azyregating from $60,000 tu $7,000 avery year, OF course thoy ary exten- sive shippers, and thereforg thelr drawbacks are correspondingly large. I¢ would bea breach of trust on my part to disclose the naines of these heavy sbippers; nor would | have referred tothe matter at ali bad 1 not desired ta _polnt ut to ra{iroad men what all railroad incn know to be a epecies of robbery, the baturul outgrowth of dishonest practices, and the result of unfair competition and throat-cutting. After deduct- ing all costs of transportation the remainder of the 8 cents, which was paid by the merchant for the carriazo of 9 hundred pounds of ary Foods, or other commodity, wust be divi etween three or four companies and their Red at Wee or “Blue? ines, When te taremembered that there aro certain minor charges tt is aa plain as that mole on your right check, or that wart on the end of your boee, that but afew coppera find thelr way to the respective railroad coffers. The expensca ol a road sppear on the surface to be light, but when you come to cousider the funumerubly wuxiliart eulated road—the whule grist of ckers,’ you will bo astonished to know that oven” & nick de carned ubove expenses, Each rallr threg or four, or more, ‘hin haveing hore, to tte akarts, and those lines have separa ‘sbmenta, wud separate slerke, and runners, ‘The em, all intents and purposes, thoroughly organized (netitutions, abd ate only secuvdary to the rail- roads on whuee tracks they ruu. ft costs mon- 2y to run there Hues, but competition bus cre ated them and made then appcar us o ocecssity, hat {s the question now agitatiog. jee. If the rosds would i East aud Westbound carnings, then these Hues would Le short-lived, sfice thers would appear ty re- main no feld fur their operations, They ar to all intcots and purposes, the deummers of tho raliroad companies, aud they engage in the vocation with the same pertivacity of purpose asdathe welod genticinen kuowD as ‘crpmercal travelers.’ This line question is cue ts bisnavers, are fn the of the nuts which ratlroad corporations will have tocrack ere long. The pros and rons are about evenly hatancend, atnee some roads seem to believe that their very life depends on the ex- Istence of the outside men, 1 believe that time wil show that they have been a perpetual source af foutga? rather than of ‘income; not that they bave not brought bustness to the roads they represent, but beewusee the business would have come on {18 awn hook. All busi- ness men would haye come to the railroad com- panies Instead of the companies going to them in the person of the inevitable drummer.” “Tt has been intimated that many bnsiness men make tt a point not only to get lov rates but also to deadhead themselves ant friends Bes the Ines which they patronize; is that. 80) “Yes, sir; you may say that, and also that hundreds of dollare are squandered every month in this manner by the raltroad cotnpanica. Tt is avery common thing for a merchant to ask for aticket to Philadetphia, New York, Boston, or some other point and return, and it fsa very common thing for them to get these favurs.’? This terminated the Interview, and the re- pores departed with this thought reating eavily under his tentarium, ‘Ef all that has been said during the interview Is trite, thon It is awonder that railroads do not gout ol the business,’? BALTIMORE & OO. The following extracts from the testimony of John W. Garrett, President of the Baltimore & Ohio, recently taken by the Commisston on the Railway Mail Transportation, nay provu of gen- eral Interest: Q.—What ra ftroada are ander yourmanagement, and what fs their tength? \.—Tho main line of the Daltimore & Ohlo, frou Baltimore to Wheel- fog, 379 miles; the Washington Branch, from tho Relay Station to Washincton, 31 miles: the Mctro- politsn Branch, from Port of Rocks to Washing. ton, 43 miles; the Parkcrsbarg Branch, from Grafton to Parkersbarg, 104 miles; the Pittehurg Branch, from Pittsburg to Cumberiand, 150 miles; the Washington County Branch, from Knoxville to Huperstown, Md., 24% miles: the Frederick Branch, from Monocacy to Frederick, 3 miler; the Central Obio Divislon, from Bellaire to Colambue, »,. 197. niles; thy Lake Erle Division: from Newark tu Sandusky, 0... Uy miles; the Stralteville Division, from ‘Newark to Shawnee, O., 44 miles; the Chicago Division from Chicago dunction to Chicago, 271 miles; the Harper's Ferry & Valtey Branch, from Murper's Ferry to Staunton, 120 miles; the Bladonsour; Branch, from Mladensburg to Alexandria, 1 miles; the Wheeling, Pttsturg & Uaitinore Di. vielon, from Wheeling to Washinyton, Pa., 32 ie Fayette County Branch, from Connelis- to Uniontown, Pa., 14 imiles; the Mount Hranch, from Droad Pord to Mount Pleas. +30 miles; the Comdon Cut-off, from South ace atrect to Deop Cut, I mile; tho Tocnat Point Road, from Mount Clure Junction to Locust Point (mating termina), 4 miles; ereat iron Urklges over the Oblo Niver, 4 milor, The Vice-srceldent of the Baltimore & Obio Conipany, Mr. Jatin King. Sr. , 18 the President of the Marictta ¢ Cincinnati Company, which, with ite branches, and including the Baltimore Short Line, has Jit miles of road, COMPARISON OF HRVENTE. Average number nf passa cara (including Pulman! Avera AO Fate per narsong .92.56 Revenue per mite per ear (pasacnzer 09 ‘Taking an average train uf ons bazgane, coaches, ant two sicepers, bagcaye-cars ayeraying 4% feet tn length, coaches and slenpera averaging SO fer the number of near feet « Db ne cnt a ny Hence, average bil a 8,9 cent 4 tg Marnings per cat-foot per miie run. + 80.01.1265 FROM EAPNESS, MAIN STEN, Earnings for alx mouths, 72,178.04 Car-nillenge tor etx mut earninga per ear per mil €0.50.00 Avoragu length uf cara, 2 oN tt + $001.01 AUSMANT, : Earnings from passenger sorvico por car-foot per lis 3 20.01.1224 Earnings per cat-foot per mlis. DUMINEAS OF Tite NALTINONE & O1tt0 ROAD. Our road for twenty yonrs failed to pay dlyl- donda. For tho Inut nineteen years it has ascd a Janko part of ate earninyn In butlding tte Uranches, extensions, bridges over the Ohio Ivor, and other important structures, Itsecapital now conslets of $4, 684, 000 of preferred U percent ntock; $13,000, 000 of common atock; and 8:16, 000, 000 of Invested. undivided capital, not reprosentod. by stock or onds, known os its surplux-fand. [ts bonded in- debted: $28, $08,020.90, ‘The ivadends on its common atock ‘of $13,000,000 ate 10 percent js This fuctudes tha enmines on th 16,000,000 surplus fand, «o faras they ara die- Srivuted to the stockholders. Mauy of thy toads which the Ualtimore, & “Ohio has or the construction of which it has aided, are not, in the. present. sopressed condition of businces, rcmunerative, do not y dividends, aa {9 the caso with the Parkersburg Sranch, Metropolitan Branch, the Washington County Road, and others. The Central Ohio Com- pany, hy ite contract, recelyos n percentage of the bross carnings, from which dtvidends are matte to the original sharcholdere. Our creat Chicago ex. tcusion, a road that has proved to be of hnmense value to tho country, particularly to producers in the Northwest and to consumers inthe Kast, has, no to this time, tailed to make 2 per cent on ita cuat, although the road wae hullt for cau, and in the most careful and substantial mann Q.—What proportion of your passengcr-recalpts Bro net proftat A,—The Company is nnablein inake exact answer to (hla inquiry, because theto Ore many of tha expensca, such a8 wear of the tracke and machinery, ctc., which can only hoosti- ma ‘The neneral results of our management for tien of years show tho average coat of work- ing our waln stem and the branches east of tho Ohio River, except the Parkersburg and Pittsburg branches, passenger and frelght, to be about 40 per cent. Onother other of our roade, the working expenses have amounted to #5 and 00 por cent of the gross reyonuen. Q.— Then of thle 1.20 cents about 50 per cont is cost and 44 profit? A.—It would be, provided it Is asaumod that passenger service doen not coat tin in proportion to tha earnings received +more than retghteervico. (ur pasuenger-trains, however, are relatively more expensive. 4. What ly your oplaion on that point? A,— ‘That the cust of the pusaenger acrvico 1s propor- Honately areater, arising from the higher speed more ability to acctuents from that speed, ani consequent increase of wear uf tracks and machine ry. Q.—Doen not the true anawer ta tint depend on the relative pricy charged for frotaty and Diawen- kere? ‘Taking the iast year of two usa standard, te it not trio that thera has been ® mach greator diminution in te rates an freight than on passen- gera? A.—No more than on tit average rate of freight, ‘There have been very greut reductions in tho ratos for pareongers and for freight trom throngh and competiog poipte, but mach of ine untnyes in frelshte hus been done without this ex- treme diminution, ‘Chua, perhaps, tha averige has hot been mach changed, taking the spyreygate of both freight and parsouger reductions, even dure ing theas pariods, 2 Si. Doeenog the anawerto that pation. also wee hd on tho cumparativo aniount of passeurere und frelght bualness? A.—Of courag, file would have an important bearing upon the sesuls, but if thero be & certain number of paswenger-trains worked npon the achedulew Jovking to tho propor Accommodation of the propartion of freight-buri- Nesy, tho geucral average result, perhaps, would ‘nut vary In any markod dozree, Q.-~Upon what syuicm are your rates of passcn- gerelravel baucd? Av—Aw far an practicablo upon tho systom looking 10 falr ratea per wuaceager jer mile, but, in consejuence of the competition arin« dog between the groat enfrepots of commerce on the Atlantic acaboard and tho. Went. that. system has Deon greatly deranzed for the ig two yenre, At may be proper to state that the Baltimore & Ohlo Rauroad Company, th 1875, anened tts Hae of tale way, connecting the City nf Haltinure by a direct nd Comparatively short road tha City of Chi: cago, and thereby disturbes a alieged, tho rela. Hons which bad previuusly existed uetween th rollways repreecnting the businces of the North. west section of the United btatca with the acaboard cities, New York had, upto that lime, heen aly most exclusively tho port at which the imuorts fur tho Northwest ware eccelvod and fron wich the from tha Nurtbweat ware went to fare! ports, tb deemed wise, alike for the interes of tho Northwest an for the wiule country, Liat on this tow tine of railroad, thus opened, rates should be Qxed fur tho transportation of ihe products af that tinmnense region tothe wesbuard, based on Sretem to Baturaland the tost in accords f trade that coult be adupted, lor transportation shauld be phical ation rth spalttuore ork, “hwy, that th rate fixed between New York and Chicara shuald con- tro} thy rate between Maltimore and Chicago, the fatter being in proportion to the inileage between the respective pointe, ‘Tu this principle very su- rows oppoatlup was made by compeung Interests, Te was found that the great West and Nurtuweet naturally availed of thal route fur cummierce with foreign porta by which au increased net result to the product of corn aud wheat and provisions would follow. It wal cnitely natural and In accordance with iinmutable laws that tho trade of Baltlmory fncressed. Such w rcault fole lowed strictly that joylc which causce cevat aces tlons of country to pursuc such 2: promote their dwn {teres at the head of Chesapeake Bs: on on the Atlantic cuust, an: ES exuo m ta fe ueMree OT LUE Allaniic cities to tho Hreat progucius regivaa upd weate of commerce of the Weert, 1 ly bow w cepted by many of theaa vast regions on their most ceo nouitcaf entrepot. Thus, woen the lutcreste repre: sented by the former chanucte of Irade found the Liaw voverniny, and trady adopting the new ortost road tu tho sea, practicully the finu of the old Natlonal (turnpike) road,—the short- eet route,—huying, fur 400 Inox 1 dere, coal fur the wea of lucowotlves, transferred in “many cave from tuo mntnea direcily into the | tend- era, passing through a territory ev far south as to Le comparatively free {om the rigorous snow and ice obatructlonw of Northern winters; with such ccunvinics sud advautuces as there, which far more than compensaty for 1 fiaves ‘un the Aileghany Mouptalos, they attempted to prevent thodivcrsiun. from olber cilica and thelr roads to the matured llac » force unustural tariffs between ite. viz., lees charges for grater nd su broke'up the comparative equity and barmony of the system of tariffs thet had pro vlously prevalled, country beyond the Maltl- more & Oblo Kyad and tts tinmedlaty couusctions bas deen aroused to au apprecigtwn uf these facts. Kansas, Missourl, lows, Indiana, Ultnols, and Oblo sent their corn-crope maluly by the Bulti- mote & Oblo Hoad to Baltimore ‘during the lost Year, aod Wavy viber bistes sous thalr coro crove hy this road to Baltimore to the ngzreaate extent of 15,048, 107 bushels, showing an increare M.AT$ bushets, the preceding year having nOLOAI hashets, The Ualtimare & Ohta ad Company was compelled to matntain the Hahte of the people an well na its own. Tights to prevent Ite being forced ta charzo for its shorter distance the larger rates demanded by campeting Mare over their much greater distances, The cost of this rallway transportation {s nat a question be- (ween Naltimore and the West alone, hit (tis. qnestion aleo in which New England t« interested. Yon find that the Wert 19 shipping its cereale and provisions to Haltimore, and that regnine lines of rat-ciaes ateamers are not only tanning between Sraltimore and foreign porta, but between faltimare and Providence and Borton, taking thore enpplics and retnening with cargoes of Now England manu- fnettres and other prodnete, 1 ake thee explanations to show the causes of the tariif« of rates having been #0 trrecatar. This character of rater wae mae necersaty by our sense of dinty to maintain what werceatded as vital principles affecting » great portion of tho whole country. 4).—In it not true that for the last three or five years tho ratot on all the tennk rotttes have been xed to competing points with reference to ench rices ag would command the business and keep it. anid Hats local points kopt at tho highest rates that could he matntsined. withont any toeard to rystem? A.~No, rit, Tho distant puinta of competition have been those chielly invelved in this duttentt qgestion im coancetlon with the ocean- ports [n which the commerce of the Weat should be transacted. Bat all one railways are governed by charters and tho local rates have been Axed within thore chartescd litnite, It In proper to say that in many instances these rates have been #0 lixed for inca} an well ae for through bueiness that the companies have been ruined, and an immense amount ‘of capital {invested in railronda has been practically confiscated and lost through the anremunerative rates thua establisher!. Many Western roads have from this cause pasred from the hands of the stockholders inte the hande of Receivors, Some have been foreclonedt by bondholders, ander mortgages, and thus the wholo stock-capita) lost to the original proprictors, Q.—Prior to this competition on your road, on what was your aystem of pneaenger-faro made? A.—Our regular fares were tized At A rate per pare Renger per tnile np toa certain maximum: that ie, the rato does not for any nearer point exceed the rate charged to the end of the line. There le gen- erally a dilference between the rate per mile local. iv and throwgh, and this is based on the fact of comparative cont of ecrvice, You muet tun enough care to nceommoudate very irregular local require. tents, When thorois a Iarge business, the rulo at the Company has been to make special concen- salons. 4J.—-Then your locat rates are considerably high- er than your through rates? A.—Attimes: they aro not higher, but asa rule the local rates are higher er mils than the through, for the reason that f ave Jet given. Qt mean paesenger-fare? A.—Thorearesome points between which our Iecal rates are notin pro- portion tu our through rates, Verbaps thero is Icxs iidcrance on ottr line fn that tespect than on somo othere, : Q.-~Tho average number of passengers you gave at iwenty-soven; that Is very high, A.—It ought not to be very Wigh, for the average capacity of our carsis fifty, Tho number stated ts but little over nlf that capacity. Q.—Tthink 18 is higher than any other road whoeo representative wo have had before tis, A.— Tam aurprised at that. Fors through run'we put on cara to the extent they area necdod, but wo do nos rend empty cars. d iro have 100 pasacngers wo fend twa cara, if 500 we send tho numbor of cats that will be ocenpied.” Woedeem It proper, as A matter of rood management, not to havo empty cars needlessly pissing over the road, with conto quent wear ani waste, wien we can accommotate the travel by a sinaller number of cara aad with an abundance of room, 2 HANNIBAL & 8ST. JOSEPII. §t. Joazru, Mo., Aug. 17.—Wella Hender- shot, an attorney of Now York City, fs In this city, representing a number of the stockholders of the Hannibal é& St. Joo Ratlroad, and he to- day, in behalf of Morse, one of tha stockhold- ers, lind served auotice on the ofilccrs of tha Conipany In this city that ho would, on Monday next, at Kingeton, Mo,, apply to the Cireult, = Court for an order restraining said Company from elther operating tho road or disposing of any property or assets belouging to the Company, and for the appointment of a MRevelver for tho Company. Piaintif will allege in hia pe- tition that the debt of. tha Coinpany is about $24,000,000; that. = failure’ to pay regular Uividends out of net carnings of tha road. is solely attributed to recklosa ex- ponditures and ss = =©mismanagement. fhe petition will also contain specitic charges of mismanagement = aud — cor- ruption, setting i, & state of things unoxampled in the history of raitroads inanagement. The commencement of the sult is regarded hero as a step likely to lead to tho most startiivg disclosures and most important results. Tho entire management of the road foracveral ycara {s to be reviewed, Including tho legislation obtained by It in this State, and the mcaus by which {t was obtained will creato a scutsations in both railroad and political circles ere, THY: LIVE-STOCK TROUBLES, Most of tho Managersand General Ereight Agents who wore attending the Ilyo-atock inect- Ing fu this city last Thursday have left for thetrs respective homes. [tls now genorally conced- ed that there was no causo for the complaints of tho 8t. Louls roads that the Chieagoans had been cutting the rates, and tho {fatter have proven conclusively by facts and figures that they Lave malntaiued the rates al! along. It Is claimed that somecutting had been donaby the (rand Trunk andthe Boston & Albany ‘Rall. roads, but the Chicago roada cannot be blamed or held responsible for tho doings of those lncs, The Chteago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad ts charged with having taken on one occasion live stock from St, Louis at less than tariff Nguros, but this road was ignorcd in the formation of tho St. Louls pool, ani fa therefore at liberty to mako such ratcaas It chooses, ‘The managers of this road stste, howayer, that they have no Sntention of violating the rates at Bt. Louis, and they took the freight spoken of merely to stiow thie other St, Louts roads what they’ can do if the Wabash and other Jines come to Quin- cy aud other points on their Hne and cut the ratca there. "The Eastern roale will meet in a few duys und try to devise a plan by which fur- ther trouble in regard to the livestock traltic can be ayolded iy the future. CUTTING FREIGHT RATES MADE ovioeus, Iu was rumored yeaterdsy that Mr. Albert Fink, Commilastoner of tho New York pool, bas Riven orders to the agents of the rosds belong- {ug to the pool to give no more business to the Wabash Road where it can boavolded, until that. road has mado satlsfactory explanations of the charges brought apalnat It that it had vio- Joted the regular tariff rates, St 49 Lo be hoped tuat tho rumor fs true, for by such action only can tho dndiscriminate cutting of retes by some of the Hnes be stopped. The cirgo bas often beon mado that the New York Central Railroad was winking at tho cutting of rates by the Wabash and Cunadae Southern Mailroads, and this belle has much to do With the apposition of tbo Western roada to Mr, Fink’s plain o€ dividing tho business from the pool Ines proportionately among tho West- ery connections Mr. Fink las taken tho step reported above, ft will do much towards dhipelliyg the kdea that the New York pool is showing favoritiem to some of its Western con- nections, and tig compialute about bad Lalth, etc, Will bucume much ives frequent, VANDERBILIYS GIFT. Special Mpuich to Tae Tribune, New York, Aug. 17.—The employes of the New York Centrul & MAdsou iver Road will G0ou get the benellt of the $100,000 promised them by William HH. Vanderblit, ‘The amount was to he divided ratubly according to their po- sitlon o the pay-roll among all the employes, excepting exccutive aud departmental officcrs, and such as wera not directly cugaged in operating the road. Tho apportioument of thta sun was placed fu the ands of jaaac P. Chambers, the Qencral. Auditor, He as completed It, and esys that, out of the 11,000 men, 3,604 will participate in the gift, ‘The division, as made by him, giyes the passcn- § couductors $20; tralu baygage-mon, 10; rakemen, $9; freight-conductors, $15; en- Giucers, $40; firemen, $15; Saxon, $3; switch: mon, 69; laburera aud watchmen, 873 mechanics, $4; forcmen, §10; track lorencn, $11; allothers 89. This is just about equivalent to a three munths? reduction of the 10 percent, ———— SARATOGA, Sanuaroga, N. ¥., Aug. %~At the annual iiceting of Shu managers and others intercet- cd in Suuteern aud Southwestern railroads, E. W, Cole, Urealdent of the Nashville, Chatta- Noga % Bt. Louls Railroad, wus reappointed Chatrinan, and ¥F, It Scott, President of the Ridinoud & Petersburg Railroad, was reap- pointed Secretary, A yeneral Committees wus Appointed tu report un various topica of rall- Way management te the meeting to be beld bere Aug. 15, 1570. The attendance was large. CoB. & Q, Boston, Aug. 17.—The Chleago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Directors to-d: peel dividend of 4 er conte elareae TUR BLACK HILLS ROAD. Apectul Dispatch to The Tribune. Oman, Aug. 17,—A bill in equity was filed to- day iu the United Btstes Circult Court beretohave 8 Recelvor sppolated Lor the Covington, Colum- bus & Black Hills Railroad In Northern Nebras- ka. ‘The bill was filed in behal€ of J. B. nb: bell, a heavy stockholder, — ITEMS, Mr. W. C. Quincy, General Manager of tho Taltimore «& Ohio Rallroad, who Is now tn tho city, desires it to be stated, In order to correct erroneous {mpresstons, that his Company has never been {n arrears one month in the payment of its employes, with the exception of tho month of Mav, when a portion of the employes fn Chicago wero ald Jttiy 19, and for June the pay-car was delayed by thostrike. Every em- pleze In the servica of the Company has now en pald for June, and the pay-rolls for July will be paid this month, The Chicago & Lake Huron Ratlroad will conmence the running of reqular through pas- songer trains Monday. These trains will leave thia city from the depot of the Pittsburg & Fort Wayno Nailroad, over which road thoy will run to Valparaiso, thence over the Lake Huron to Port Huron, and thence uver tha Grand Trunk to Buffalo, whereconnoctions are made with the New York Central and Erle Railro The officers of the Chicaga, Re Island & Pacitic Raflroad deny the statement made by some of the papers that the exctirsion train re- turning with colored peonts from Oak Forest. Grove was stoned near Thirty-ninth street Inst Wednesday. ‘They say no stich thing occurred auywheres on thelr road, and they cannot com- prehend how tho item found {ts way into tho apers. Lg The principal office of Mr J.D. Brown, Gen- eral ‘Ticket and Passenzcr Avent of the Missou- ri, Kansas & Texas Ratiroad, is now located fn Bt. Louis. Mr. T. W..Teasdale, Assistant Gen- eral Ticket Acent,-will remain at Sedalia, Mo., with the clerical foree. PHILADELPHIA EXHIBITION. Its Financial Falture—Sunday Openings De- ekted Upon, PMtladetphia ines, Aug, 14, 5 When Mr. John 8. Morton was elected Pre: dent of tho International Exhibition Company, a week ogo, lie was veatetl by the Board of Di- rectors with virtually autocratte power. They made him on executive committes of one, with power to decide all questions concerning the management of the Exhibitton. The principal reason for clocting Mr. Morton to tho Presl- dency was that the Exbibittun might bo opencd: on Sundays. Mr. Biddle has forsometime agreed with Mr. Morton on this question, but be haying started the Exhibition flying tho Satbatartan banuer, It was thouht that it would be finpullt- fe, togsay tho Icast, to take tue new departure under the old puatagenrents In response to the call of Prestdent Morton, a mecting of tho Board of Directors was held yesterday after- noon In tho Exhibition Building. Six members were present, —Messre, Jolin 8. Morton, Clem- cot M. Biddle, Thomas Cochran, John Wana- maker, J. E. Kingsley, and Joel J. Bailes. ‘Tho absentees were Measra. Isaac L, Clothier atid Thomas 8. Fills. Assoonaa the meeting was called to order the President announced that he had decided to open the Exhibition on Bundars, and that next Sunday sloutd be the treat under the pew regitne. ‘Tuis, of course, was not news to the Hoard. Mr. Wanamaker had voted tn the negative, and ho now tendered his resignation as x ment ber of the Board. Mr. Biddle then offered hie resignation ng a member, and thia was followed by the reading of Mr. Clotiler’s, Mr. Wana- maker's action was owing to the decision of tho Board, but Mr. Clothier said that such was not the reason for his retiring. Mr. Biddle lett tha Board chief on account of the pressure of othicr buginess. The big show will be opened on next Sunday at 10 o'clock in the morning and closed at Ofuthoevening. There will bo no machinery in motion and no xatcs permitted except in tho Department of Publie Comfort and the Log Cabin. Inthe afternoon a sacred concert is to ‘be held, in which thirty professtonal volces and ao orchestra of thirty pieces will participate, Tho management is being thorouriuy reor- ganized, and {na few days an official statement OC tho financial condition of the ehow will bo published. ‘Tho company was atorted with o nominal capital of $600,000, cansiating entirely of shares ol stock transferred from the Conten- nial Beard of Finance. But for the adverse de- elslon of thoSupremo Court this would be worth about $480,000, but its value naw hardly exceeds $160,000, In addition ta this are cash subscrip- tons to tock amounting to $105,000, making a total of $205,000, which 16 only $15,000 moro than tho cost of the Main Bullding. ‘The show hug sot paid expenses. The average dofly num- ‘ber of admtssjons has been about 2,500, but fully 1000of these hava Leen reea red by the 500 ox hibitors and employes of the Exhtbition, tnere being about 100 of the latter clags. The average dally cash Foecipts havo, therefore, been only about £375, whilo tio averaga daily expanses have been about $450, of which $100 went for advertising. ————— SUICIDE. Spectat Mepatch to The Tribune, Lararettr, Ind. Aug. 1%—An old Indy, probably 60 ycars of orc, threw horaclf under a train onthe Lafayette, Munclo & Bloomington Ratlroad at [Misburg, Clinton County, this afternoon. Tha caboose car ran over her neck, killing hor fustantly. The conductor had re- fused to carry her any farther, She had ne money. Sho bad a satchel Alled with ctothes, and a bottle of medicine. Ulcer name fs sup posed to hayo been Wells. Sho waa In Lafay- etta Weilneaday; and telographed to fricnds at Chataworth, I]. 2 Davenrour, {a., Aug. 17,—At West Liberty, yesterday, a matden ludy named Lydia Ed- wards, aged over 43° yenrs, committed suicide y poisoning. An inquiry revealed the fact that she hat been betrayed, this evidentiy be ing the cause of tho act. She cana to West Liberty two yeara ago, and wan highly respect- ead. At the inquest, Netson Bowlaby testified that he had kept company with her, and had. protniacd to marry her as soun as he got a di- Yorce from his present wife. —————— . CORRECTION. Br. Louis, Aug. 17.—The statement fn these dispatches, a day or two ago, that tho Franklin Insurance Company of Wheeling; tho Old Dorntnion, of Richmand, Va.; the Residence, of Cloveland; the Homestead, of Watettown, N. ¥.; and tho Afissour! Valley Lite, of Leayen- worth, Kan, bad been debarred from further doing busincss iu this State proves to have been Incorrect. Stato Insuranco- Commnigefinor W. 8. Relge announces officially that. these Companies voluntarily withdrow their business from Missouri, and wore ut des barred, as proviously stated, Teport was based uj of our prominent be correct. ‘The orlgiual 1 a statement mado fn one nals, and wus supposed to. a CATTLE-PLAGUE, Apeclal Diupaich to The Tribu Dunpus, Kane Co., Il, Aug, 17.—A strange Dow disvase hias appeared among the cows In this aeetion, which proves quite fatal in its at- tacks, ‘The victims are among those cows which have reccotly given birth to calves, and, thus far, 1t has been fmpoasibls to cure it. The symp- toms firatappear along the apinc, and soon Teach the head, when death ensues. Several Warlies have lost cows, and perhaps two dozen deaths have occurred thus far, tha disease ont having appeared @ few days since, §. W. Kingsley, a leading dairyman, living cast of here, states that bleeding seeing to bo benciicial fn most cases, ‘Phe disease has bafiled the old- est cattlcemen, and nothing like “it was ever sven hercabouts before, a OCEAN STEAMSHIP NEWS, Liverroot, Aug, 1%7.—Arrived, tho steamer Victoria, from Boston. Livgrroot, Aug. 17.—Arriyed, the steam able Bothnia and Periere, from New York. New Yous, Aug. Wt—Areived, tha steamer Britannic, from L wexpocl, Livznvoor, Aug. 17.—Arrived, the Scandina- Vian, from Baltimore. $a WELCOMED, Cincixnats, O., Aug, 17.—The return of tho Non. Fred tassurek from a Sengthy European tour was made the gala occasion at the Volke Blait ofltce to-night. Mr. Hassurek was present: ed with a beautiful gold watch by his f{ctlow- laborers on that paper, aud a good time gener- ally epjoyed, OBITUARY. Davewroar, Ie, Aug. 17.—Mre. William Ron- wick, wife of oue of the leading Jumber. manu- facturers of the city, dicd very euddunly this morning, in the 44th year of her age. Mrs. Ren wick was Universally cotecine us a talentod and worthy jails, and ber deccase causes wide re- ret. Sbebhad but recently returned from an extended European tour. aa AGAINST CHINAMEN. Baw Puaxcisco, Cal., Aug. 17.—The Scna- torial Cominisston appoloted as the last scealoa Of tho Legislature to inquire into the Chinese question have embodied tho toformation ob- falned on the subject iu a memoria) tv Con gress, which was to be presented to Gov. Trewin today, It ts understaad the memorial takes strong ground against Chinese Inmigration,and sizgests a remedy which [tts huped will obvi+ ate further troubh ple. 7 GERMAN EMIGRATION, ‘The Fever Still Raging in the Fatheriand—= Causes for the Dosire to Leave Home, Ault Sait Garette (Landon,) July 3, Rome interesting information on the aubject of German emigration is given in a report by Vice-Consul Kruge, Just issued. It appears by oMicial statistics that the number of Germans who emigrated tothe United States from 1543 to 18%, both years inclusive, was 2,035,430, Emigration from Germany, particularly to the United States, increased steadily aftor tho memorable year 1843, and assumed yery Vargo proportions tmmediately after the chances of war between Austria and Prussia th 18s2and 1853. Thelargest number of emigrants of any year left inthe summer of 151, or after the iectaration of the Crimean war—-the Uuited Btates alone recelving 215,009, German fm tmlgrants In that year. Thero appears acon: alderable falltne off from 1833 to 1804, but al- ready In 1863, when a probability of war between Austria and Prussia becume more and more visltle, the ntunber.of emignints begau to in- erease very much. The years from 141 to 1870, must Hkely in consequence of the suspicious relations between France and the North Ger- man Confederation, which ultimately brought on the war in 1370, give very laree figures, Even the year 1830 has (he large number of 91,77) emicrants. Strange to witness,”? says Consul Kruge, “after the close of the Franco-German war, when the German Empire had been creat- ex, and 2 prosperity seemed fo have come over Germany beyond any expectatton, when wages had been almost doubled, aud then, in fact, ev- erything looked In the brightest cafors, a com: plete cinigration fever was raving fn all parts of Germany; and the years 1871, 1872, 157% show an almost alarming tendency to quit the Father- Jand. Thies movement would nv doubt have continued but for the natural check It recelved through the financial aud commercial crisis 11 the United States, There ure, however, at reeent acain unquestionable aligns thata very large eimnigrating clement la amuldering in Ger- many, stimulased vy political md economical embroilments, which whit break furth as soon ag. sutlleient hope aud inducements offer them. selves in transatlantic countrics in the ey: the discontented and desponding Germans,’ The general political aspect and the decline of German commerce and Industry at “the present period are, observes Consul Krigo, sich that an emigration on a great scale must be she natural consequences. of the ruling state of offnirs. Among other Mustrations of the causes of a desire on the part of the Germans to leave their native Tand, Consul Kruge mentions the rehgious ‘Kulturkampt,!’” which, he says, i {te practical resiilte may at Jeast, up till now, be rightly termed an unsuc- cessful move on tho puilticdl chessboard, ond has been brought home by degrees tothe Roman Catholic population in an irritating, harassing form. Between the priests on the ono band ona the Government on the other, the lives of the Roman Catholic peasantry aro made ono of “perfeet torment; and these people naturally: desire to leave that country where, rightly or wrongly, they bellevo their rellgion attacked or cufangered. © The relations between france and Germany also act powerfully to promote cul. gration, sud the huge expenses of nialttalning tho army, besidva a hayy of constderadic size, cuntributo to awell the emigration tendency of the country. Conaul Krugo thinks thas If tho Australian colonies vara to have te largest Portion of the comlng German emigratiun, at no time have they hala better chance of croat- ing an extensive movement to their stores than at present. In tho meantime, Dr. Engel, the Director of the Bureau of Statlettes at Berlin, Cetimates the toss in capital of every Gerinan soul emigrated at 650 thalers (Prussian), or £70 10s, In Mustrating the loss to Germany by emigration, Dr. Engel! points out, likewise, that the uld and infirm people do not omigerate, but that Germany bas given within twenty-seven and a half years considcrably over 1,000,000 of strong men to the United States of Amcrica along, and that the Kingdom of Prussia has lost within the samo tine 500,000 soldiers. KEELY’S NEW MACHINE. Experiments with » 860,000 Engino~11,000 Pounds L'ressuro to the Inch, Pattadelphta Times, The Dircctors of the Kecly Motor Company Met tho other evening te witness Kecly's ox- periments witha new machine, which weighs more than twenty tons. Ithas cost $60,000, haying been two years in process of erection, and was tivo recoustructod with other metal, because the two fret choices of the inventor proved not strong cnough to reatraln the energy of bis vapor. The inachine ts made of wrought fron and cast vtech. It conslata of aphercs, ba- slug, standing tubes, and small reservoirs, with a wilderness of connecting-rods, yalyes, and tiny copper tubes, globe of cast stec!, four fect tn alameter on the outside, holds only twelve gallons. ‘Te centro cavity is Ina shell of nine Jnshos thickness. ‘Iho perpendicular tubes that reach from fluor to ceiling, at tha other end of tho maching, have a central cham- ber of threo juches tdlameter, the surroundhig metal belng threo Inches thick, und outale of {t, onc ‘above the other, aro huge rings of wrought fron shrunk upon the pipe. ‘The cop- ae tubes appear tu bo one-fourth and unc-half uch in dinructer, but the aperture in thelr cei tra ls nutlarge enough to adult o pinned The machin is now complete. Mr. Keely fs giving exhibitions of its fureu, registering pres- sure to the equire inch, aud ts fasting, ite atrongth beforo fie appifcs the power to farce engines. First, he began to register prossure abort the gauce, which will register a presaure of 11,500 pounds to the square Inch, Me mace nine teats, and with Ave-tiwenticths suspension of the Water column and ten pounds of alr ho produced 1,00 pounds pressurc to the (nich, and had.to shut off tho pressure because the guuge would not stund more, ‘Thy condensing apparatus tnto which the vapor is discharged {a acyloder that holds three jutlona of water, and. so strongly bolted and barred thut it looks as tf mado for the discharge uf 3 tweuty-fovh pro- pistile. ts design is to reduco the vapor, tho force of which haa just been used, to water, for uso over and over again in the working of tho miuchiue. ‘The Ties representative lad an oP. perants to breatho tho inyéterlous vapor while he wonderful pressure wus upon the tubes. 1b was discharged into his hans, bis eyes, aud his mouth, Jt was perfectly cold and dry. Within a month, when ho bas made afl tls ex- pez enite with bis now completed machine, Mr. gely Will endeavor to show the oxtent of its power. In his concluding talk with the Tiacs roprusontative, Me. Kocly sald: This laa new substance; 4 new force, altoxether nntinuwn to aclence. [don't preteid to be thy tuyentors 1 discovercit It by aacident. Feoutd work this machine up to 10,000-horsc-power {f the metal would bold. € ehafl certainly work {t upon a 200-horse-power enzine soon, ‘Che tittly mia- chine you saw inthe olive, up-stulrs (ib bs only wing feet tony, twa tect wide, and three fect high fa ite bisghest purt) athe most [peri machine ever constructed. It was built for us by Mr. Willfara, of Bordentown, who was drowned a few days ago, It was aquurt wa: chinu,—that ie to say, it uged only a quart of water. With the candenser that L tave now nearly complete, 1 will make that quart of water prodiicy 1,000-horse-powcr motion of suillcient duration ty run a steamship across thy occun." Yaeaeddaeeciel ae dee FIRE AT MT. VERNON, 0, ‘Apertal Dispatch to The Tribune, Mt. Varnon, 0., Aug. 1%—~The fargo fours story atore-roouiua ou Afaln strect, occupled by Urownlug & Sperry, dry voods, aud Dash Sead, Rrocerles, had the roof and upper stories burn- ed at 1 o'clork this morning. ‘The loss by fre and water will bo heavy. Browning & Sper~ ry's' stock was Insured for §12,000, and the building tor $4,500, Mcad's 4 Was Ineured for $3,000, aud tho building for $4,000, pen blabeae te Set kc THE LOST CHILD. Oana, Neb,, Aug. 17.—To trace of the lost child of & C, Rose, uf Hermau, has yet beea discovered. Tho country has been thoroughly scoured by hundreds of men, and a rclvard of $500 offered for her retura, or for any Informa’ tlon that will lead to her recovery. oe LIGHTNING, Ents, Po., Aug. 17.—Lightning thia morning atruck tho realdcnco of ex-Congressman Curtis, tearlng a large hole fu the roof and passivg through a room where tho tally were at tea. No ereat damage was doue, but a strong odor of the Fourth of July provuiled for a tine. $e THE WAR OF THE 'PATHIES, ¢ To the Edilor of The Tritune, Cutcaco, Aug. 16.—It {5 very evident that Jobu C. Wators, M. D., writer of an article on Homeopathic Medktuc, in your issuo of this date, laan Allopath, and consequently proju- diced. Like atl others of hls school, ho sluts his oyes agalust scclug ony virtuc In the treat. ment of discuse by Homeopathy, and endeavors to poison the uilody of ojhere agulust it by overy possible means. Ho looks with horror vpon inaking om incturo of = Lycog tarantula (spider), tines lertucarius (bedbug), or Mephitis putorius (skunk), ant evidently fails ter remember any of the naitecous compotinida ised to form the conglomeratlous preserihed by hysictans practicing tn the “Old School.” If the tinctures derived from the above-named sources Were administered tn AUopathic utes, there might bo 4 slate of extuaafor the felzned indignation of this “M.D. but. the patient teceives sy small a portion of the bug, skunk, or spider, that the somnlaints (stranga to say) aro all made by Allopathta physicians, W. W. Hatiocr CONEY CAPTURED. Important Arrests, uid Seizure of n Conne terfoltor's Den in the West Divisions Thursday afternoon Officer Patrick Davoran, while traveling beat on Washington and Ran- dolpht streets, betiveen Halsted and Jefferson streets, had his attention calted tom mau who had been disposing of silter cotns that wero not exactly up to the weight) as determined by the smiall rcales for that pure pose, that are now used quito cxtensively throughout town. Ie put hint tinder arrest, and at the Madison Street Station ho was held until the genuineness of the cotns could vo tested. It was well known that a Jatge nume ber of epurlous colns wera in ctreutation In this sectien of the country, and itwas thought that tha prisoner might giva aome clew that would lead to fuller information. Experts were sent for, and by them the coins were found to be remarkably clever counterfcitre The prisoner was locked up, and upon’ informse tion pumped out of tim, a visit-was made to his den yesterday in tho southwestern portion of the clty, and there were found all ‘sorts of dee vices for carrying on the work. Metal by tho quantity, molds, vlscs, galvanic batteries for plating tho counterfelt coin, and a milling machitie were the chief articles. Appearances also indicated that bank notcs were also fixed Inthe sameden. Several other arrests are also sald to have been effected, but of the truth{ul- ness of this nothing cau bo ascertatned, as Capt. Seavey has closed the mouth of every cue who was supposed to know anything about tho case. From all that can be ascertained, and, from a specimen of the man's handiwork seen by the reporter, tho coins are by far the most deceptive of any yet cap- tured, Tho inner thickness is composed of an alloy hardoned with an antimony, and wolghted = =with dead. ho groatest: care has been taken fn getting the exact Ganslty ‘Tho motal was then plated in molds having tho device of tho coin upon the inner surface, the face having been brushed over with Dlsck-lead, or similar substance. that would cather the silver depaats in tho battery. ‘Tho machinery once obtained, any number of coins could be manufactured for ubout one- third thelr facial value. The profit was thore- fore fully 06 per cent. ‘Tho exact dotalls would havo been obtained and given tothe readersof Tux Trinons, but for a petty falschood told by Capt. Seavey, with the design of keeping the affair accrot. Capt. Seavey hos yet to Jearn that a roporter alwava delights to {ct out o secret whon ho tinds a policeman misstating facts, but when ono tnakes a clean breast of an arrest, and re- quests that nothing be sald about It until the ease {3 all worked Up, a roporter selduin {€ ever violates the confidence beatowed in him. It should not bo that profeastonal butlers and. bumining ward politicians should have botter chapuels of information of arrests by the pollea than the reporters, for the latter aro not halt 80 apt to prevent atner arrests as ora the for- ‘mor,vho are alwvays “ cahoots" with the thloves themealyes. Inasmuch as the captured ninterial has been exhibited to numerous citizens, ineliding Mayor Heath, and other munfefpal and Government officera, and has bichiy interested all of them, it might be well to place it on exhibition to-day, Bs tho secret fs now out. THE CAMPAGNA. Corn Lani Increasing Steadlly-The Ben Who Marveat and the Iulus They Aro Under. Patt Matt Gasette. Ono of our correspondents, writing from Rome a fow days since, says: Passing along tho Mareminalinu a few daya ago, I noticed that tho extent of corn land incrensea steadily; nearly all of the corn wag alreaily ont, and piled tuto long tow stacka waiting to be threshod, for the threshing ts done at once in the fields, Already the threshing-machine was at work, and it was curious to sve steam em- ployed {n some ticlds, antl a fow miles further on tho antiquated asstem of treading out tho corn by turning ita tot of horses. In another Held L counted ninety nen reaplug, superintond- ed by tw» men on horsoback, riding up and down the line, carrying tho long sticks, potuted with fron, used for driving cat- tle, and woo to tho laggard, for they do not hesitate, to goad him as they would an ox. ‘The. harvest In tho Noman Cumpagaa usually begins about the 20th of June, and, according to some old custam, should bo completed in cleyen days. ‘Tha far- veaters hiro theusclycs out for that time for tho wrotched pay of 21 or ranes, according to the demand for labor. they cau finish the work in tess tlme, they receive their hiro ull the same; ‘If it takea more than clercn days, they re paidat the samo rate for tho oxtra time, But, knowing the amount of work a man can get through jaa day, and tho number of actes of corn ‘to to cut, the farmer can generally tell pretty clorely haw many men he will have to cinploy. To show hoi large tho farms arc, on oe farm alone, balouging to a largo mercante di Cam. pagna," os the lurga holders are called, thera were 1,500 men eniployed this your, osldes the money wages, thie men recelye cach day four pounds of black brea (the foman pound fs wing uunces only), two or three guaces of horso-cheese, the commonest sort. made, and about two plutsof wine or vinegar, Vinexar and water is much preferred tu wine, On their own account thoy indulge freely in onlune, warllc, and any green’ stust waleh ean be called salad, ‘They are divided into bands, and work from dawn til dark, with about an houra reat at noon in the tujds, und each band keeps two tien entptoyed with donkeys all day (n riugilag them water todrithk = Atnight all those who candy av sleep iu sume of the Carm bulldings; the rest wave to cap out iy straw huts; and sleep fue ont alter tuiltug ta brolllug aun ull dlay only tou frequently brings on the fever, Aw Cor the meu themselves they are little better than savares, and como cbtefly from the Abrus zi aul the hills round Kou. “The sun in the Campagna burns thom ainust black, which doce not improve thelr appearance, Noue but their Unuster cau approach them while at work, for it Any stranger comes near they how! guid hout at Jaan, af (avy do not use stromger measures, Until he takes himacl{ oll, When thee nusters ap: pear wey, sch upw rude chant, the burden of which Ty that the master ts comfog, who will xive them drink, which, despite appearances, proves them to be human, and the master is tad tu keep thes ip vod humor, for every day js of couvequence, and, besides, Hf they zet save ayo they i onve tu their sickle, whi Bides Nalng uceperately ut close quarters, thicy can throw with surprising precision, whirling them something Uke the Australiau's buou- crang. ‘The grain eete tipe so rapidly, and whea ripe fallg out gu casily, that the farmurs esthinate that they lose one-third uf the curn fu cutting, binding, and carrying to the Chrevhing ground, No oppusition Las ever been iwade to the threabluy-inachine on the ground Of Me luterferiny with mand labor, but some times stones ure altpued tatu the sheaves, elther to avenge some jujury, or by Kaine workmen employed by the day tu lengthen their employment. It is rarely donc, however, aod the most frequent stuppage du the work is generally the fault of the machine-feeders, who come ue tule from the Clociara district, They are pald by the picce, and in thelr anxiety to get the work done os quickly as possible ulten clog the machinery by fecuing it too fast. Tho coro 18 reaped very high, and the atubble Is sometimes wown afterward for tho straw. If not mown, it is sc! fire; and fn the Autumn nighta, to one luuking from and height, the whole Campagua scems to be In o blaze, re SENATOR MORTON. Special Dispatch to The Tribune, Inptanavoris, Ind, Aug. 17—-A dispatch from Richmond says Senator Morton rested better last nlyht than auy tliue sluce his illuess, and bly physicians {col greatly encouraged. DENTISTS, Hartimoge, Aug. 17.—The American Dental Convention closed its scssion to-day, re-clecting Dr. Jonathan Taft, of Clucinnatt, President; J. R. Walker, of New Orleans, Vice-President; G anlar, Treasurer; and Ambler Toes, Sec~ rotary, : ny SCIENTISTS, x Nasuvitzs, Tonn., Aug. 17.—Tho Local Com: mittee on Railroads reports thatit hascom- pleted arrangements for tho transportation of Aclegatlons to tho American Associaton for tho Advancement of Ncicuce, which convenes bero on the ta ius ADWAY Rg nDw From the Hon. Thurlow Weed INDORSING Dr, RADWAY’SR. BR. R, REMEDIES After Using Them for Sercral Years, New Vonx, Jan.4, 1857.-Dran Sin: avi = eral years uae ‘ing farene, ‘ou! ntter experiencing their e tis no leas pleasure than a nowledge the advai ‘the pillé are resorted toss often Atel alwAye with the deaited effect. cannot be better described than tt ig ay (stpnenty Dr. Mtanwar. FR. IF medieinen, dounting! by, its nau the intment trennentiy amd freely. ameee mtorr ary mith Buy Cat aegt huts. to thanitnliy est enge we have derived froin thrts, ‘tne nding the promised ““reitef. = Centy sons u THOTLOW Whe WLED, ER. BR. RADWAY'S READY RELIER Cures tho Worst Paina in from Onetg Twenty Minutes NOT ONE HOUR: After reading thteadvertisement need any one Fea Fot ‘al \ Evins PAIN! iT was the arate aud ts Ss READY RELIEE IS A pute Coie The Only Pain Remedy ‘That tastantly stons the most exeructating pains, atlq tnlamaraeion, aut cures Conczestions, wHEIe of thy Lungs, stomach, Dowels, of otter glatids, or urgaus, by uno application FROM ONE TO TWENTY MINUTES, xe Ne ‘omatter how vin! MGEUMATIC, HedsRiaden, tntiem, Crippled Buralgic, of prostrated with diseaea may afte: ent or exeructating the 1 galn, the te vous Te RADWAY’S READY RULIEP WILL AFFORD INSTANT EASE. Inflammation of tho Kidnoyn, Infammation of the Diaddor, Inflammation of the Bowels, + Congeation of tho Lunga, Boro Throat, Difioult Breathing, Palnitation of tho Ho: Hysterios, Croup, Diphtheria, Catarrh, Infuenss, 2 Headache, Toothache, Neurnigia, Rhoumatism, ornare Cold Chill eau andl comfort, ‘Thirty to wlxty drops in hai atambler a} Fo, cea Byanies ew Kear Wind In en prancle REA Itbel rome Aku and wit ot cllow, and other Fey, fo quick ag RADWAL'S READY RELIEF. per bottle, moments cu thurn, Hick TI Dow ah Aguo Cailis, Marty Chilblains, and d'rost Bites, fachie, Noriial Pate, a Til waya carry a bottle ot RAT will BN RRLEE at fe ane a Y Ht ctan {fer tan French Urunuy or Dittersus them. A few dro crews Bvt cation of the READY RELIEF ; Tabere the pain or didieulty cxtats foataet Ts FEVER AND AGUE. FAVE AND AGUE cuted forsneents. Therotenat a ‘agent in 2PM slarious, Iitions xeaq era (aided by KA DW A nis world that with cate, are Tk jet, Ty phot Saihiis) ‘ity ceou HEALTH! BEAUTY! Biyong and pare Dich Dlond-tncreasa ot Flesh ant ‘Welght=C! toail. DR. RADWAY'S ar pila ‘end Leauti(ul Compicstousecund Sarsaparillian Resolvent Braue changes the nay "0 of this truly wonderful Ine eurest x0 quick, sorarlt Hergora under tho [nducace ee that, Evory Day an Increaso in Flesh and Weight t is Seen and Felt, THE GREAT BLOOD PURIFIER, Tre aud J ulwea of tho ayatctn, the Vidurof Iie, tor it hod wv. 7 { ee the wastes of {h Be i rofaln, anda few days elibcr of these forme uf discaso its po Fy Hinge We ‘salt pote Ww: in tl ffomb, and alt ry . Sypliliis, Conainpifon, Plecra th the Anroat, Sout, y Handa nnd ather purtiot t orous Iiecharges frum the ar ty in Disonacs, Erujtious, Fover sores Aron of the Barraparitiian Resolvent c entes through the Daoud. sweats Ui bovie rie, and ath iy with how any ‘Gina EMUOFS, nor ie atl i Rheum, Eryaipet he fledb,fumora enok tho’ tifa i edund saterial ir, Di cufative range of this wonder of modern chenitstry, rill urorato any person using ic fet ent power tocure them, Teihe nattont, atly heoom{ng raduced by the wares and deco; wont at HEM, fatlent wit feel eliap. appetite Improving, aod fest and we does tho Sarearariiiian Resotrent excel el yminusttion thot are continually prog succeeds in arresting theeo wastes, and te ‘with new material inade trom healthy Li the Baranpariliian w! {nimi tor when ones this tem of purifeation, qtul ausceeds a repairs will be Hit Ant dew securonm cur this rembdy comimencen t fn dimigtshing thu raph, an Imecif stronger, the toad di rrerye re igeaee fsntise esatng. puod—aned Tot i ite rt Toss ct lay the remicitalaconte nthe cury ut Chesney eerotiran Constitutional and Skin discascs, but itis the only je Alive cure for Kidney ond Bladder Complaints, Urinary and Womb Dinccaze. Gravel, Diguetes, Droaes ‘Water, Incontinence of Ine, Ktaytpage of Pocase. Albuminurin, and on al Ff white allk, or there: Ho atl, OF ance ond white bane: te baw Pulbin fe aural ors baste and siode tatolas Tumor of Twolve Yoars’ Growth Cured by Radway’s Rosolvont Da, ovatles aud Lowels,. All tho mended, but nothing helped me, ahd thougne t woulu ty ies bi ha a0 tal rs. on vane t had sullviod tor twolvu: want write publlab it +f you choose. PRIOB, Napwar~t ip fur tt. a the be thie "3 our Heady Kollel dunt deposits, Nenvation’ wien ral pantine water, and righ 8 ll cases where thre are is, of tho water is thick, cloudy. sired shrvads ike here bad Ovarian Tomor ta the lociors anid ** there wat trled evervining that wae recom: me. 8 Taw pour Henoisent ralth $a its be took etx bole done box of Lraitway's Filla, and to and thery isnot a sco of The worst $1 Por rr I teel batter, smarter. ant ve years ‘ima, dine O Jun furehe benentot sthera: You cat WANNAIH, RNAVE- jottle. AN IMPORTANT LETTER. An ind acing Lite, ans 4 Ambon. Mich. APE a }e7a, De. Sire. have st aigo iiainge tho ieay I Rapwat= vent. Teen rc ‘ar for Ovarian taniute on tho Bldotuen, which 4 iviags of our SMeuical College pre ‘Shey were tike Knots onatres, My weight was 275 1st noun fous, wheat com ow it tetwo hundred aliyony yet. Bnav eminent pt wed fucutal solvent, niue of Hel got one mT Huy hay had ay he wonderful cure yOUF tt ‘ie imedicince trout Grea eine . Grea your bovk ** Fala and True.” t) hie! jfougpatticeot with your remedics, and np jaune, ie thoy afa nek feanty four Dattiee of ie: ‘i f pile easy scud is MUS, C, UNAPY, Another Letter from Mrs. C. Krapf. Da. Rapway—t adarest agian Ay neath Sstareacie ni pe seer yh telues. “‘Vhrce mi aud the yourth ta neatly sy. Dropsy (a gone, kiproving, ani rows Unto, une trui Wults aguiber from this plate. Yours wit ‘We aro weil acqualoted with Mra. ealltoaile lady, aud very bevevoleat, MWeaua of seuiug ussoy druulats of Anu Arbor, w ay calle nia aumuner to bottles of the 1 be Wo persons aMicted with, " paw! ur uLedteing lias dong for mi nn Canela, thige from Jacko krapt. she ts “BEE fins rcs jesolvent ry the uscot i i of e, oN. 0, and 1c ‘by the ter naltumor. “We have heard of some wondertui cures edecteu by ft. Yours reapecttull ected by Hee Youre reapecttullyy np Actt & CO, Ann Arbor, Mich., Aug. 18. 1875, DR. RADWAY’S REGULATING PILIs! Perfectly tasteless, elegantly coated with ewret femulate, purify, Civanse, sud streputli ye Pills, for the cure of alfdisorders of the iF, Dowels, lauder, Nervous oe ay, ostivenean. Teds & 4 ra,” Warranted to efter a0 bri ‘store ur dy vegetable, contalutag Ou juercurys wid” delotstlous dru crvetue follwing aymptoms reaultla horders of the Digest yo organs! ‘Co Bin le Bre: and bufocating sensateo! Deas at Vision, ¥ellor palte uy slawaess rand Litobe. iat Lor pour ati pel lon, tity ‘OO, Hrupl ‘Stomach, 8 eu) rain, (st “hi fate dean. ‘A fety doses of Radway's ‘award wf r? f tho Bomac! joxlngs and Mutterings én th iitoy “of tua head, flurry » Fluttering at the fteart, (1 a woca in wlylow Skin and and Bade Sia, ta or Webs before’ the bight, ip the Head, Degcleucy of Peta iratiea ig {roo} Ss OEwa he Blood 1a biog Mityess af tho Blood Fullness of welght of the prota: fis Pushes ot Heat ouraias ‘lls will sreo the eystem frum alt the above-named disonivse Price, 24 cco per bos. bold'by Draggiste. READ FALSE AND TRUE, Ecnd one letter stamp to RADWAY & CO.. Warren-st., Now boeeas yous wil, York. Information worth tho! No, 33 ash