Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 7, 1877, Page 4

Be wheat ee 4 THE CHICAGO ‘TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, AUGUST 7, 1877, The Tribune. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. ne year. ir, per mont mi Oe copy, per Chay of ten, Club of teeniy Fpeeinien capt ‘To prevent detay and mistakes, be sure and eive Post> Ofice addres tn full, Including State and County, Kemittancea may be made elther by draft, express, Foat-ONtee order, or in replatered letters, at our risk. TERMS TO CITY AUNSCRIDERS. Datty, delivered, Btinday excepted, 25 cente per week. Dally, delivered, Snaday inchided, 2X) cents per week, Address THE TRINUNE COMPANY, Cornet Madison and Dearhorn-tts,, Chicago, IM. Orders for the detivery of Tite Tainc seat Evanston, Tneleweod, and Iiyde Park teft ia the countlog-room will recelre prompt MeVicker’s Thertres Madian strret. between State and Dearborn. aphine.” Meedames Strek. Maye, Price, etc. s Messra- ‘Ber, Wheelock, Mamiiton, Pea 1 ets Hooley'’s Theatre. Randotph street, between Clark and LaSaile, En: eaxement of the Unton-Square Company. ** Smike." Mesdames Heron, Jewett, Sylvester, etc.5 Messra O'Nell, Parselle, Jennings etc. Adetphh Thentres Monroe sirect, corner of Dearborn, "The Lanca- shire Lacs Mewames Illght, Stone, French, ete. § ABHLAT LODGE. No. Jar Meeting this evening on 0, 308, A. Fo and A, M.—Togu- inthcle halls 70 Mouroe'stes the MoM, Degree, The fray CHANE, Bee. for bualnere anid w: ternity cordial; cet al tle CHICAGO MARKET SUMMARY, The Chicazo produce markets were generally Mess pork cloted 714@10c per 413.35 for September and 6714 for October, Lani cioxed 74@10e lower. at $4,70@8.75 for August and tg for September, Meats were casy, at4%.c per Db for louse shoulders and O%c for do short ribs. Lake freights were quict and firmer, 4cforcorn to Buffalo, Highwines wero d, at $1.08 per gallon. ‘Flour was tame, and caxicr, Wheat closed firmer, at $1.11!5 for August and $1.04 for Septemper, Carn closed cary, ut 47c for Angast and 403¢ for Septem: ber. Osta cloned eteady, at 2030 for Anguet and 254¢ for September, Lye closed firm, at fc. Hagley closed stronger, at 69c fur new No, acifer September, Hogs were fatrly active G10c lower, at $4.00%: » Cattle were dull, at a decline of 15@25c. with sales at- Sheep were in light demand, at Onc hundecd dollars ia gold would bt In greenbacksat the close, ‘Toko it modestly, Ean, ond hit ‘em ognin. In New York yestorday greenbacks wero wvorth 94} cents on tho dollar, ‘The forthcoming petitions in bankruptcy by Commissioners Cannot, Conny, Me- Carrney, Scnstrot, and Hoipex will, set forth thnt they were swindled out of 271,000 by the honest Commissioners, Teports by telegraph ara received of the judicial clections which occurred £hroughout Illinois. A very small yote was polled, little interest being manifested, and from the ma- jority of the districts the returns thus: far received furnish uo definite idea of the re- sult. Mr. Watarn is to be congratulated upon the convenient arrangement of the County Building. While his counsel were moving to quush the indictments against him iu ono apartment, his brothcr-ringsters of the Board were trying to put through 000 Btenl in another, Sey ‘The Protection Life is to be placed in tho hands of a Receiver yestorday designated by Judge Witutams. ‘Tho appointinent denotes an entire harmony of views and interests ag between the State Insurance Department and the Company ; but it does not appear that the creditors of the Intter were por- mitted to exercise the slightest influence in the matter.* A jury of twelve gentlemen who never read or know what ia going on around them was secured in the Crimiunl Court. yesterday for the trial of Wintras P, Pine charged with the murdereof Sterurn 8, Jones Inst winter. Its probable that the caso will be simplified by a plea of insanity, to be estab- listcd by cettiticates of the defendant's former incarceration in lunatic asylums in the Lust, ———_ A special com nittee has beon called for by the Council to investigate the extent, na- ture, and condition of the lato riot, and to solve the problem, Who bosses the soldiers during a row? Tho Council takes cognizance of the collision of anthority between the M. nd Gen, Ducat, and wants to know ghtway whether in the futuro general are to be issnod from the City-Hall or onde: the Grand Pucific. believed te have been rudely by reeznt reverses to the necessity is her policy in the conduct of the Hitherto, political considerations have cnt a promitieut figure in all her oporations, the sin eviduatly being to occupy and re. truct {ho affairs of Government in tho widest possible nt of conntry; now, it is suid, the Canr will let politics take care of themselves, «ad manage matters upon a purely military busi ee “Comminiioner Scusrpr was opposed to adopting Eoan’s estimate. Congress had Sppointed a Commission to settle affairs in the Southeru States, and why could the County Beard nut appoint e Commission to settle the dispute itt question?” ‘The asinine solemnity of thus comparing a, County Board—remaurkable only for having many of its iactubens nuder indictment for stealing— with the Nutions! Government, is worthy of the geuius that instructed the architect to ylace bis name in a conspicuous place on the Court-House, A terrible disaster has overtaken the in- habitanta uf Eaton Yowuship, near Green Bay, Wis, For several weeks a drought bas prevailed in thut section, and ot length the dry proiriz-geuss und forests took tire, A Lurricanue sprang up Suturday, driving the flanca upon thy thickly-settled township, aud ina few hours but three Louses wero left to imark the site. There are as yet nu dvtails of loss of life, though three families are missing. Fortunately, not much damage was dune to crops, and the sufferers are al- ready at work to yetriove their misfortunes, Row arwal, of eu war, From an interesting paper by Prof. 0. V, Rurer, of the National Entomological Com. vaission, publiabed cliewhere in this insue, it Bppeare that the “beastly weather” of lest spring and the carly summer has been the sulvation of the Westeru country, ‘fo the cold, the snow, the freezing nights, and the slush and rain, bo attributes the decimation ca in tho ranks of the Colorado grasshoppers, and the consequent frnitfulness of tho States heretofora overridden by tho peat, After n careful survey 0. the infested districts of former years, the Professor comes to tho concltsion that no danger isto be appre- hended thiaseason, The young locusts died in the spring, and those of a later hatch have broken into small bands and fled to the Northwest, leaving the grain-prodicing coun- try free and clear of this terrible incum- brance, The big suit by the United States Govern- ment againet Mr. Wiuntam McKxr, in which the damages claimed aggregate 22,314,200, is sot for trial on the third Monday of Septem. ber, in the United States Court at St. Louis. ‘This ia tho civil suit brought to recover the sums in which the Governmont was defraud- ed through the operations of tho St, Louis Whisky-Ring, of which Mr, McKee was a prominent member. [t is said that tho evi- dence to be introduced: by the Government will include tho testimony of Jorce, Mc- Dowaup, the distillers, and tho United States Gaugers, and some interesting developments aro promised. Aspasm of zeal and activity hns suddenly seized tho State Auditor, He issued an order yesterday forbidding the Charter_Oak Life-Insurance Company to do any -moro business in Illinois, The Charter Oak “Ime: Intely been reorganized and placed upon f footing satisfactory to tho policy-holders, afd this action of the Auditor, contrasted with’ his singwlar lonioncy toward the Protection Life, whereby the Intter was permitted ta’ * na. sess" its policy-olders for months’after it should havo been wound up, will not escapo comment as adding another item to the al- ready long list of oxtraordinary performances by the Illinois Insurance Department. ‘Wanren’s effort to avoid a trial, through ao motion to quash the indictmenta against him on technical grounds, enmo before the Criminal Conrt yesterday, and his sido of tho question was presented. ‘The motion is based on tho illegality of the specin! Grand Jury and certain alleged defects in tho bill, counsel for the defendant holding that the Court had no right to name tho Jury, the Jury had uo right to find a bill upon evidence taken beforo a former Jury, or to indict Watxen on his own confession, aud that the indictment was bad in that it fniled to locate the bank in which the deposits wore made. ‘The argument will be concluded to-morrow. Tho firat blow townrd a complete smnsh- ing of the County Ring was denlt yesterday when the question of tho WaLxen-McNew “extras” came before the Board of Commis. sioners. It hnd been agreed upon by tho Committees on Public Buildings and Sorvice that the matter should bo submitted to an Arbitration Committee of taxpayers. A ro. port to that effect was made, and repndinted by a nignificaut voto, several Commissioners heretofore suspected of siding with the Ting voting ngninst that organization. A resolution adopting the estimate of Archi- tect Eoan was introduced and sustained by n majority of ono, ‘Tho claim was for 292,000, whilo Eoas’s report fixed the amount at $21,000. ‘Lhe adoption of the resolution saves the county £71,000, ~withont injuring Warren and McNertt, and leaving tho Ring to make up as best it can in other ways tho serious loss imposed upon it by n suddon development of honesty in the Board. Tha men who slaughtered the ling wero Crzanr, Bnapiery, and Murtor, who hove hitherto not always been found on tho sido of the taxpayers, ‘They nro to bo congratulnted upon their vic. tory, and tho taxpayers look to them as well as to those who havo always fonght the steals, but who up to yosterday wero ina hopeless minority, to follow up the advan- tngo gained and smash the corrupt gang who have been drunk so long on their suc. covaes in ‘ bulling” bills and “ bearing ” the ‘Treasury. i A correspondent of the London Times who was present st tho capture of Tirnova, tha ancicnt Capital of Bulgaria, by the Russians, gives some surprising facts as to the case with which it was occupied. It bas been generally supposed that ‘Tirnova wasn com- Paratively defenseless locality, aprend out on ao plptean surrounded by hills, but not suff- ciently strong to resist a dotermined attack, It appears, on the othor hand, that the city occuples a very strong position, eo strong in fact that the Russian did not expect to tnke it without a desperate fight. It is perched upon a rock, has a river protecting {ta front, and is defended by batteries so strong that, asthe Times wayi, ‘a fow hundrod detor- inined men could hold them against as many thousands.” Tho Russian force oporating in the vicinity of ‘Tirnova numbered 5,000 cavalry, scarcely wo, many infantry, and twenty-six guns Tho Turkish garrison numbered 3,000 men, composed of somo of the finest troops in the army, being, indeed, the very battalion which lost year took the only strong position held by the Sorviaus, ond at that time displayed conspicnous courage, Gallant aa’ the battal- ion was, however, it ran away, not from the whole of this force, but from 9 small band of Cossacks and dragoons who formed its ad. vance guard, headed by the Grand Duke Nicuonas, Had the ‘Turks offered deter- tulned reulstanco, the attack would have been considered reckless, and inight have ended in scrions disaster and the capture of the Grand Duke himself, Aw it. was, however, the Times correspondent says; “Infantry with gus ran away froma few horsemen, Never was thera a more disgraceful panic.” Since tho capture the Rnssinus havo strengtuened. the position as the cuntral point in their line of operations between Sistova and the Shipke Pass, and, although they have ro- moved thoir headquarters to Ijela, thoy will undonbtedly make 9 desperate effort to hold it. aa One of the causes why the ‘Turks in Eu. rope have not hitherto fought with the zeal oud enthusiasm of the ‘Turks in Avia, may be found in the charucter of the people whera the battles are fought. In Asia, the ‘Turkish element ix largely in the majority, und the eoldiers feel that they are defending their hoes, their property, and their yeligion, In Bulgaria, on the other band, ‘Turkish occu. pancy is siuply that of garrison. ‘The ‘Turks are not the people. ‘They have, as a rule, uo homes thore. ‘hey are the rulers, and they Lave ruled with a flerconess and cruelty un- paralleled in national records, Poriodical massacres and constant insults, exactions, and outrages have been the predominant features of the Government of these alicns, The Turks, therefore, have no sympatby from the people of the country, and are not fighting in defense of their homes, This throws serious obstacles in the way of the ‘Turks and correspondingly smooths the way for the Rossians. ‘The Christians of Bul. garia look upon the Kussiaus ay their deliv. erers, Tho correspondent of the Londvn Times, who was present at the capture of Tirnova, gives a touching instance of this, He rays that when tho dragoons cn- tered Timova “the poor people lit erally wept, prayed, and Long upon tho necks of theit'dclivorers, who wore almost rmothered with flowers.” This correspond- ent ocenpied the house of an intelligent Bul- Ratian, whose '* young, pretty, and modest daughter was tho pride of her parents.” He adds: ‘* Theso good folks have been in ter- ror day and night lest their Manrrza, the ap- ple of their eye, shonld be taken from them, orleft to them forcibly dishonored and with- out redress of any kind.” The father snid that if the Torks should recapture Tirnova he would not wait for their crnelties, but would put an end to his existence, This lit- tle episode in the history of.ono family tells the whole story of Turkish cruelty and fiend- ishness, It finds its parallel in the action of the women of Sistova, who, panic-atrick. en at the retreat of the Russians after Plevna, and fearing masancre by the Turka, threw their little oncs into the Danube to eave them from the merciless torture aud horrible crueltics of tho Bnshi-Bazonks, whom they fancied close at hand. If tha Turks aro successful in reoccupying Bul- garin, Heaven help tho peopte from the von- Banca of these flondish butchers. — ‘ALL PAPER CURRENCY DISAPPEARS RESUMPTION. ‘Tho New York nowspapers, with ofe or two exceptions, clamov for nn enforcement of the Resumption act, and inrist that gold- redemption of the greenbacks shall coim- mence Jan. 1, 1879. We havo endeavored to secure their attention to one or two points, and obtain a little light thereon from them, but without avail, Their very light has boon darkness, and what, thon, must their darkness be? ) ‘Tne Tamonr, has insisted that resmmption under the existing Inw means contraction of the paper curroncy,—in fact, a complete sweeping of it nway. Ina recent article wo held this langunge: ‘Under that act the gteenbacks will be retired, and very rapidly too, The banks will not wait until com- pelled to buy gold to redeem their notes, but will begin to withdraw them ‘long before dan, 1, 1879; long before that date the (bank) paper cirenlation will be retired; all debts will be pnynble in gold after Jan. 1, 1879, and the gold will command a Inrga'pre- minm in other descriptions of property, nud debts will ba heavier and harder to pays" ~ Tho New York Daily Bulletin, the leading financial paper of New York, feeling it could no longer afford to ignore those assertions, essays to answer them. Hero is what it says in reply: Won't Tue Tints calmly ask Steel whether it has not Leen laboring under a bad attack of night- marc? After renvonable refection It must remem- ber that, while the Neaumplion act authorizes the “*redemption " of United States notes on and after Jan, 1, 1879, it does not provide for thelr cancel lation, bat contempt :tea the relasue of the notes, tn the rame ecnee asa bank again circulates {ts notes after they have been redeemed, Tus Trinuxe misrepresents the Kesnmption act, apparently for the purpose of prejudicing it in the eves of the public. Whatover greenbacks go Inte the Treasury to be redeemui! will go out again In the course of ordinary payments and in exchsnye for cuin, which the jublle will desire to get rid of In order to have the more conventent and equally valuahle paper currency. .We shall. therefore have exactly the same volume of currency under ree atmption os we have now; but as its value will be appreclared GQG per cent through being brouzht to par, it will possess a- larger purchasing power; which will be equivatent to an Increase in Ite volume by some forty millions of dollare—just tho surt of thing, wo apprehend, that Tan Trinene wants to romedy the deplurable conditeOn of realestate, There will be about the same kind and the same amount of legal currency available for the banke for the redemption of thelr circulation aa there in at present, vixz., $:00,U00, + 000 tu $:3100,000.000 of legal-tenders in regular circulation, and the banks will be more oblijuted to redeem in gold than In thore notes, What, then, can Tue Thintxg mean when it raya, **the banks, not willing to walt until compelled ta buy gola to redeem their notes, will withdraw their {lank] currency," and **long before Jan. 1, 2879, the puper currency wilt be withdrawn from circu- Intlon"? Wo venture to afilra that Tus Thsese, does not know of one bank in the country that haw ever contemplated withdrawing its currency from any such Gctlonal motive. Bald, dogmatio assertion is not proof. The Bulletin hea no authority for its assertion that the “‘ Resumption act contemplates the reissue of the greenbacks in tho saino sense as a bank again circulates its notes after they havo becn redeemed,” nor do the Julie. tin’s Eastern contemporaries affirm any such construction of the law, nor do they believe it would bo practicable to refusue and redocm in yold over and over again asa bank would its notes, When the Resumption bill waa on its pasyayo in tho Senate, Senator Scuunz put tho question directly to Sonator Joun Suzn- MAN, who reported. the bill, whother it was inteuded or understood that the notes were to'bo reissued, but ho could extract no an- awer to the inquiry, although he pressed Suenstan hard. No other member cf the Finance Committeo nor any Senator anewer- edit, All reples wero evasive and equivo- eal; they ull dodged the question, Senator Scuvnz wouted to know how the notes were to bo reissued,—for what thoy wera to be paid out if the intention was to rofusue them, Tho regular in- come of tho Government from taxes, ho pointed out, defrayed all of its expenditures, including interest on the debt and something for the sinking-fund ; honce the redeemed greenbacks could not be reissued in liquida- tion of the ruuning expenses of tho Govern. mont. No Senator threw any hight on the allirmative of tho question, Ou what ou- thority, then, does the New York Jtulletin go jountily assert that the greenbacks, ‘vhen re- doemed in gold, are to be paid out again and te-redecmed in gold ay often as they are again presented? ‘The Resumption act of Jan. 14, 1875, among others, contains this pro- vision + Onandaftertho Ist day of January, 1870, thu Secretary of (hu Treaaury shall redeem in coin the United States legal-tender notes then outetanding on thelr presentation for redemption at the ofice of thu Awuistant Treasurer of the Uulted States, tn the City of New York, in sume of not lees than $20, ‘There is nothing suid hero nor iu any oth. er part of the act permitting or requiring the reissue of tho legal-tendors after they have becn once redevined in coin, Lt is apparent thatthe Juilctin is trying to deceive the pub- lie, orit hasspoken without due reflection, and has not appreciated the Gousequences of re- sumption under the act, When it sys thut Bresubacks cau be reissued in the same way that a bank reissues its notes, ft is clear that itis ignorant of the difference botween a bank und a political government, Banks cau relusue their notes and redeem them in coin as often as so presented, because they have capital and are operated tomake profit, They loan nioney, slave paper, receive de- posits, discount bills, buy aud sell exchango, collect notes and checks, take collaterals aud securities, and are every dey being paid by their customers aud replenished by deposit. oreand debtors, and recvive interest. In short, they do a money-dealing-making-bank- ing business, with their own and their cus- tomers’ capital, which the Government, being merely au oficcholder and tax-vater, cannot do. It enn “shin,” bunt not don banking business, It can borrow and spend,. but it carns nothing, and has no capital or resonrees of its own except by reaching ita long fingers into other people's pocketa and abstracting what it needs for debt-pasing and living purpceses; in short, not being no bauk, the Government cannot do a banking business, If ita rovenne ia snfilcient for cnrront expenses, any surplus must bo applied in paying its debts, ‘When it redeoms a nota, that is tho end of tho note; when it redeems a bond, that is the end of the bond; both are paid and must be can- coled. We foarthe Bulletin has not stopped to consider how fast the greenbacks wduld in- evitably bo presonted for redemption, Tho least amonnt of gold the Govornment must be preparod to furnish is tho quantity re- quired to pay dutios. and what may be need- eq for forcign exchanges. During tho post year thero were $13,000,000 received for antics, and $56,000,000 wero . oxported by merchants, If the Government had been redeoming its greenbacks the demand upon it wonk! thereforo have been £189,000,000 of gold. Nobody would sell greenbacks to brokers at a disegnnt if they could gat them cashed at par at the Sub-Treasury. If tho ‘Government reissued ifs notes, tho banks of every dencription,—National, State, private, l_savings,—and every other institution, oration, importer, tonrist, or individnal ndediug guld, would take tho greenbacks to tho Sub-Treasnries and got it. Coin paid into the Custom-Honse for tariff duties will not find its way back into the Treasury in a shape to be availnblo for a re-redemption of notes, because it will have to bo. paid to the public creditors ns interest on the debt or in purchaso of bonds for the sinking fund. ‘Thore is none too much received from dutica for these two purposes now. This demand for, say, $160,000,000 to $190,000,000 of gold will bo not for ono year, but annually, until the debt is paid of in Inrgo part. Wo regret that the Zulletin did not explain more fully and clearly its plan, if it had any, for reissning tho green-. backs aftor they had onco been redeomed, We can think of only two wayn by which the Governmont might reissue the redeemed notes without increasing the national debt. Tho first is to buy gold with those notes. But, if the redeemed notes wero reinsued‘in purchases of gold, it would be absolntely necessary that no preminin be paid for tho gold, becnuse if the notes were sold at n dis. count the purchasers thereof would imme- diately turn round and present thom for re- demption in gold, for the purpose of making; 0 profit equal to the discount, and ns often as the notes wero reissued by selling them for gold the apecniators wonld play the same trick, As there would be a premium charged by the brokers, that plan must fail, The other method of reisauing the re- deemed greenbnacks is to buy bonds with them at whatever price the holders may do- mand. But while the Governmont was thus purchasing bonds, in order to reissne its greonbacks, what would it do for gold with which to redeem ita notes that would neces. sarily keep pouring in at the rate of threo or four millions per week? It would have to turn round and fell for gold the very bonds it was buying in for greenbacks, This shut tlecock sort of business would not work, as the speculators would skin the Government right and left, ‘The Govornmont wonld havo tosellits bonds cheap and buy thom back dear tho noxt day. Tho foot is, Sonator Srenwan and his Fi. nance Comimittee perceived all those difficul- tlos, ond well knew that reissue of the groenbacka would be {mpracticable; but, na they wera oxceedingly anxious to acoure the passago of tho Resumption bill, they wero afraid to confess, in the hearing of the country, that the greenbacks, when redeomed in coln, could not again be put in circulation, ‘bat must bo canceled and destroyed. Lot us hear from tho Bulletin or any of ita New York contemporaries, such as the Times, Tribune, or Nation, on the question of the reiasno of the gold-redcemed graen- backs, Is it to be done, and how? On tho noswor to the question “ hanga the law and the prophets” of the resumption question, Tell us, gentlemen, how the Government will provide tho gold for the second, third, and on to the twentieth redemption of its notes at the rte of $150,000,000 to $200,000,000 per annum, Wo pause fora reply. THE OCCUPATION OF GALLIPOLI. Tho latest English papers which come to usarcindoubt whother the destination of the English troops recently ordored to be in readiness is Malta or Gallipoli, ~The London Times discusses both probabilities. So far o4 Malta is concerned, it finds no canse for disquictude. If tho troops are going there for garrison duty, it is simply.a precaution. ary measure of keeping the chief English naval station in tho Mediterranean well equipped, and can be no more offensive to Russin than the action of Austria in placing & force on tho Bounian frontier. The occu- pation of the peninuula of Gallipoli betwécn the Dardanclles and tho Gulf of Saros, al- thongh it is notin tho direct Hine of Rus. sian invasion, is a moro serious matter, and could only be justified by very urgent rea- sous, That the Euglish ore now discussing these reasons is n pretly sure indication that soonor or later Gallipoli will be occupied. ‘They take the position that the interests of the Russiaus cannot be mensced by its occu. pancy, but that, on the other hand, English interests may be meunced by Russian occu- pation of Constantinoplo, They have ovi- dontly little faith in Russian promises, Even the London Times, which is very con- servative aud impartial with regard to ev. orything connected with the Eastern question, eays : ‘The Czar haegiten a solemn pledge, no doubt, that, even if he should bo ablized to oceuny Con- stantinople, he should makes no attempt to add It tothe Iustgn domintons. He could not break that prowilse withuut having to make war sgainst ‘Wall of Europe, Btill, the vatue of the prize is su enormous that the neutra! Powers may bo excuscd fordeciiniug to be dependent for the fate uf Con- stantiuople on any mere act of resignation, They may also plead that thoy must take precautlo: agalnsta danger which, If leve obvious, hay mo: of reality aud le more pressing. Although Ituesia hae pledged herself nut to keep Constantinople, je has not prose that she may not demand ch cunditions of peace as would verluusly com. promise the interests of the neutral Powers, ‘The English urge that Germany can take care of herelf with her powerful army, and Austria can protect hervelf by the ease with which she can throw a strong force into Bosnia and Servis; bat England is so far away from the scene of action that she has uno resource left except to place « force upon this peninsula, which, without threatening the Russians at apy point, will secure to the English a guarantee that Constantinople shall uot be permanently occupied, and that the conditions of peace ubali not enganger English interests in the East. If the En- glish should decide to occupy it, it could be made one of the most formidable positions in the world with little labor, ‘The penin. sula is the southernmost extremity of Rou- telis, extending from the Sen of Marmora to the Aigean, and lying between tho Gulf of Saros and the Dardanelles, the chief city, Gallipoli, n strongly fortified town, being the key to tho latter. It can ba completely commanded on threo sides by the flect, and, aa it ia vory narrow, being only five miles wide nt the neck, it could be held by a series of works, occupied by comparatively fow troops, eo constructed as to be impregnable against nll the efforts of the Russians or sny other Powor, Tho Times intimates that recent inspections havo shown that the peninsnla in a very fow days could be so fortified thnt it would become another Torres Vedras. With England hold. ing this position, Russia would be powerless oven in Constantinople, and her outlet to the Mediterranean would be na effectunlly ent off as she is now. In the present condition of tho Russian army there is no emergency re- quiring the occupation of the poninsula, but if ite losses should be retrieved and the Turks should be pushed back into Roumelia, thero ia little doubt that England would imme- diately scizo this ‘point of vantage." THE LAW OF THE STRIKE, The lecture which Judge Dnusstonp gave the Indiana ratlrond strikers—fifteon of whom he sentenced to threa months’ im- prisonment—was more pointed end vigorous than that which he had oceaston to deliver in Chicago under similar circumstances, It wonld be for the advantage of the Inboring classes thronghont the country if this plain talk could have been addrossed to the car of every man among them, for its reasoning cannot be disputed, and it might prevent for a long time nny disposition to manago strikes in a violont and unlawfal fashion. There aro notably three points which should cominand tho attention of the railroad om- ployes: 5 1, While all workingmen have a natural tight to refuse to Iabor when they nro con- yinced they ara. not adequately compen- sated, no man has either a natural or legal right to sny that another shall not work nat tho wages ho has rojected, or to suspend, by violent interference, tho operation of the business in which ho was employed. It will not be contended by any one whe is not imbued with tho most virulent Communistic notions that aman mny go intoashop, pick up a picco of goods, say what ho will give for it, lay down his money, and walk off with tho arti- cle ho,desircs in spite of the protest of the shopkeeper. The person attempting to do this would be turned over to the nearest po- liceman ns athief. Nor may a mau who offers s smaller price for a piece of beef orn peck of potatoes than the market-keoper is willing to tako thereupon proceed to closo the doors of the market and forcibly prevent the keeper from selling to those who wish to buy at his prices, Yet all this is, in effect, what the railrond strikers assumed to do. Labor, like any other commodity, is bought and gold ata stipniated prico. Asa rule, it is regulated by supply sud demand, and tho employer who does not recognize this‘influ- onco will bo speedily brought to terms by finding that he cannot get men to work for him, But, in all enses, the wages paid for Tabor are subject. to mutual agree- ment betweon the employer and om- ployed. Tho former cannot dictate it, becanse the Intter may quit work if the price offered does not suit him; but nefther can tho employes be pormitted to dictate the prico to the employer, and enforce their dic- tation by interference with thoso who desire to take their places or by a violent stoppago of the business ; for this is parallel with the seizure of dry gqods ina shop, or a ploce of meat in a market, and forcibly carrying it off without the owner's consenting to part with it at the price offered, 2, While this isa clear principle of justice and rule of law as applied to all trades, it acquires a special significance in the case of railroad employes, forthe reason that s vio- lent interruption of the railroad business is at the same time an interruption of all agri- cultural, commercial, and other industrial pursuits, When the railway omploycs strike, and then provent others from taking thor places and interrupt the oporation of the roads, they do not confine themsclves to the work of om- barrasaing those glone against whom thoy think they havea grievance, but they attack all other classes of employers, all the manu- foctnrers, farmers, merchants, and bankers, and the Government itsolf. It is for this rensou that a more direct intervention of the national authority is demanded, not merely to punish but to prevent the recurrence of a general railrond strike, Tho recent troubles demonstrated that the States, in thelr indi- vidual capacity, ore uot equal to grappling with o concertud strike of the railroad em. ployos throughout tho country. Muny of them wore forced to appeal for national aid, and it was obviously tho duty of soma Gov. ernors to do so who neglected it. But this process Is too alow to meot the exigencios of-| tho case, Nearly all of the railroads are inter-Btate institutions, and in that char- acter properly come underethe jurisdiction of ‘the National Government, which has the constitutional right to regulate commerce between the sevorhl States, The Cabinet already lina this subject utifler con- sideration, and ono of the first things for the new Congress to do’ will be to agree upon a law that shall onable the direct in- tervention of tho United States Courts and authorities in the case of railroad riots, and provide a national system of sottlement, when differences arise betweon railroad com- pauics and their employes, that shall prevent Aauspension of tho freight and passenger transportation of the country. Government- nl, social, gud commercial interosts alike de- mand this. i 5, Another point in Judge Davsxonp's re- view should be impressed upon all those who deprecate the destruction of life and prop. orty, It was suggested by a remark of one of the Committeo of Strikers at Torre Haute, who, pointing to the mob, said: |“ There is an element in that crowd which the Commit. twe cannot control.” But this will always be the case, Whenever the business of the country is suspended’ by violence, the mob clement will come tothe front. It is the opportunity of the Communists, the vagrants, tramps, stroet-loafers, thieves, and vicious classes, The example of lawlessness onco given by any working class, and tol- erated by the community, the non-working clasues will join them eagerly for purposes of plunder and destruction. From that point on, it is impossible for the authoritios to distinguish between the workingmen and professional villgins, for both are equally en- gaged in a defiance of law and s breach of the peace, © The instinct of solf-preservatjon then arouses society against all the me, who: are associated in attacking it. In the fol- lowing paragraph Judge Daumonn vividly pictures the common iuterest of all society in resisting those attacks: Suppose that upon any of theas trains thoro was mony ar property which was fo nave @ man's fate or hause from lose or snerifice. Suppose there wan atiaveler upon these roada who was going to the hedeide of 8 wife, of a hurband. of a eon, or daughter, who waa dying. Suppose mang thinga which micht have acenrred, You ree In thle nar how you Enterfered with everything that we hold mort precious ns citizens of this country; and the matte, the mode of communication, you arrented even them, hecanse vou arrested the trains by which they were carried, 1t{s almost imporatblo forthe mind to conceive of the almost infinite wrong which may attend the stoppage of ns train,—the raffroad trains In our cunntey,— even for a day; of conree no one can tell what it wonld bo when traina are atonped for more than that time, —for a week. . This being x0, what ever may be the feeling In the community,—that perhaps rallroad employer onght to teccive more than thoy do, receive,-—still it f@ not in this way that that Is to be retiedied, becanse yor mako war upon society, and rocicty wilt alwaya aries nnder stich circumstances against .those who make rar upon it, Itfe not possible that any class of men can ree acainst @ whole community and expect that eocioty will not resent {ta abused rights and redrere Ste wrongs. It willas tonzas society existe, Nailroad employca must recollect that other peo- plo have rights os well as they; they act as though noone ciao haa any rights except themselves, Merchants have rights, professional men havo tights, farmere have righte, and even rairuad comnantes have rights,” All men have thelr rights, andall corpurations have thelr rights under the law. ‘The sentences which Judge DnumMoxp has passed and the timely decisions he has made show how much of an advantago it would bo if all the railroad strikers came under the jurisdiction of the United States as do those who interfere with the operation of theronds in tho hands of Reccivers. Thearrest of the rioters wonld be more prompt and their pun- ishment more summary, and timo is of tho utmost importance when the suspension of the entire business of the country is in ques- tion, The incidents of the Into riots also demonstrated that the United States author- ities command a higher respect than local or evon Stato authorities,—a respect which would be monsurably increased ‘f tho direct Intervention of the national authority were provided for by national law whenever the suspenaidh of intor-Stato railroads is threat. ened, THE DOUBLE 8TANDARD—SILVER AND GOLD. A writer in the Now York Tribune, who ia forcing himself before the community ng no great an adept in monetary science that his statements must be accepted ag final judg- ments, in his last paper diaminsds tho de- mand for tho romonetization of silver as something to which no ‘ honorable”, or intelligent man should liston, Tho conclu- ajons of this writer, a3 stated by himself, aro as follows ; . (1) ‘That no aebtor who had not preslonaly in- cnrred obligations that were to be dixcharged in coin was in any way affected by the coinage legle- Jntion of 187.3, (2) That no one who hae contracted coin debts since 1873 has been injnred, bocauac in evory euch caso the obligation was incurred with the full knowledge that t could be discharged only by tho payment of cold, (3) ‘That there is no evidence that} debta con- tencted before February, 1873, and payable in coin mince or at some future thme, have been in- crenacd by the nominal demonctization of silver. ‘Tt will not do to assort that no new stond- ard for tho measure. of values was estab. lished by tho legislation of 1873 and 1874, The act of 1878 prohibited the coinngo of the silver dollar; that of 1874 made the gold dollar tho unit of American monoy in the place of the silver dollar whick had been | such unit from 1793, ‘Tho silver dollar of 371} grains of puro. silvor was tho American “Dollar.” It was immaterial whether thors was ever a dollar coined or not; it was not essontial that there should be; tha object aud purpose of the law and the policy of the Governmegt was that 871} grains of pure allver should at all times aud under all cir- ‘cumstances bo the “Dollar”; that whenover debts were contracted, and payments to be made, or equivalenta estimated, 371} graina of puro silver was to be the measure of 5 ‘ Dollar,” and, whatever the number of dol- lars woro to be paid, each additional dollar was to be equal to $71} grains of pure silver. This was chan in 1873-4; 38714 graing of. silvemtaro no longer the equivalent of a de Jar, nor is any other woight of ailver;,une standard, or legal dol- lar, is now 25,8-10 graing of gold. Provious to 1873 this gold dofar waa a legal-tender, but, being worth less than the silver dollar, being then an inferior ‘coin, the gold dollar became the general and the silver tho ex. ceptional colin. Since 1873+ the relative values of gold and silver have changed; gold {s now worth more in silver than it was in 1878, and, had not silver been demonotized, the public would have had the samo legal and moral right to pay debts with silver in 1877 that it had to pay debts with gold in 1873, Wherever, ih all countries, the two metals have been logal-tender, tho right of tho Government and of individunls to use the cheaper metal has always beon exercised and has never beon denied. This right tho legislation of 1873-'4 has taken away from the Government and the peo- ple, It is therefore absurd, bosides being untrue, to assert that no now standard for tho measure of valuca was cstablishad in this country in consequence of the act of 1873. ‘The very principfa on which roats the dual standard is that the publie may alwoya havo the option to use the cheaper nretal in cage there bo any dyturbance of the relative value of gold and sifver, Thoro ia no such security and protection against fluctuations in tho valuo of either metal as to make them both logal-tendor, and thus give the people the option of choosing whichevor for tho time may be the cheaper, Suppose there had been no legislation in 1873, and the silver dollar had continued to bea legal coin and a legal-tender, would it not have been lawfnl during the last two years to have coined silver do!lars and have paid debts with them? By an uniform system of legislation extending from 1863 to 1870, the debts of the Government, including the greenbacks, were made payable in coin, and this term *coin” was de@lared by law to include both gold .and silver coins, The ach of 1873-'4 limited this torm coin to gold, and yet st is asserted that no sub- stantial change was made in the law. Iin the absonco of the law of 1873 it would now be legal to coin silver dollars and pay debts with them, then the law which prohibits the coiuage and declares the dollars no longer o legal-tender has certainly changed the measure of valucs. + Another assertion made by this self- appointed oracle is that the silver dollar “had been dead for forty years” before 1873. ‘This is alép yntrue in fact as well as in theory, The silver dollar was the legal money unit of the country, ‘The original provision for gold coin made the proportion 1 of gold to 15 of silver; this made the gold more valuable for bullion thda for coin, and it was exported. Then the weight of the gold coin was changed to the proportion of 1 of gold to 16 of silver. Then this mado gold the cheaper metal, and tho ailver was exported. ‘The silver coinage therefore de- clined, But the silver dollar continued to be coined more or less aunually down to March, 1873. Tho coluage of the year end- ing March, 1873, was, wo think, in excess of one million of dollars, and that, too, when tho silver dollar was then worth 103 cents in gold. ‘The dollar was in use, limited, it ig trno, because it waa worth moro ns metal than as monoy, juatas the gold coin had been, beforo reduced in weight, worth moro oa metal than oa coin. * Of course none of theso nilvocntes of an exclusive gold coinage can omit an acenen tion of dishonesty ngninst those who adro. cate tho remonetization of silter. ‘This writer anya that to remonotizo silver would, be to repnilinte 6 to 10 per cent of all ont. standing debts, All coin debts contracted before 1873 were payablo in silver or gold, at the option of the debtor. By a trick, the payment in silver was‘ abolished. It is pro. posed to restors it, nnd the creditor éxclains that this is repudintion, while tho original contract on its face roads gold or silver, at the option of the debtor, We hardly think that in morals or Inw the restoration of the silver dollar can be questioned by any ono with less rigid notions than Shylock, At tho‘risk of shocking the nerven of tho New York Nation and the New York Times wo havo to announco that the Supreme Conrt of Ilinois has decided that certain bonds is. sued by the Town of Lacon, in this State, a8 a subscription to the capital stock of 4 railroad company some yenrs ago, were jl. legally issued, and nro therefore void, Tho facts of the case, briefly stated, sro: On Dec, 22, 1868, an election waa held in tho Town of Lacon, Marshall County, at which a majority of the votes enst wera in favor of a snbscription by tho town of $60,000 to the enpilal stock of the Hamilton, Lacon & Eastorn Railrond Company. At the timo the election was cailed and held, no law was in foreg which anthorized tho elec. tion or conferred power upon the town to vote upon tho question, or in any manner to become a stockholder in the Railrond Com. pany. On March 6, 1869, tho Legislature of Mlinois passed an act which declared thia election ‘ hereby legalized and mado bind. ing and valid, notwithstanding thore was no law existing at tho time anid election was held authorizing the people of said township to vote for subscription to tho capital stock of said Company.? This act further pro. vided that the Supervisor make o valid and binding subscription, nnd issuo bonds, ete, Tho Supervisor accordingly subscribed $60,. 000, and in due time—in March, 1871—tho Supervisor and Clork issued and delivered tho sixty bonds, ench for $1,000, bearihg 10 por cent interost, Tho Court held, as it had hold in provious cases, that: tho Logislatura had no power under the Constitution to pass o law rondering the election and subscription valid, as the effect would be to compel a municipal corporation to incur o debt for purely a local municipal purpose; and that tho Legislature could not authorize a Super- visor and own Olerk to create a cor- porate debt without the consent of tho people ‘oxpressed at tho -polls, as tho power to impose taxes or to crento ® corporate debt is not incident to their powers, Tho bonds in this case rocited on - their faco that they were isanod under the election of Decomber, 1868, and thoreforo there was due notice to the purchasor. These bonds were ndt voidable, but void. ‘This de. cision applies not morely to this ensa but to alarge class of bonds iasucd under similar laws passed by the Legislature “ curative” of proviously notorious HMlogalities, ‘Though these bonds have been issued somo years, tho question has not been raised regarding them until now, though the same point has long alnce boon decided in other cases. Though there can hardly be o doubt ns to tho correct- nees of the decision of the Court, thera will probably bo tho old howl about repudiation, It ia claimod that anything bearing the simit itudo of a bond, whether legal, forged, or contemplated, must be paid, uudor tho pon. alty of a failure to do so being pronounced « repudiation, . The Democrats of Ohio have made a bold bid for the supp@t of the Sabbatnrian tee- totalers, and they havo'also sought to ‘con- ciliate” tho remains of the dofuncy Knows Nothing order. With this object in view, they.Lave nominated for Governor bne of the old Cincinnati Know-Nothing leaders, named Bisnor, who is also an ardent probi- bitionist and Sabbatarian, ‘The Cincinnatl Commercial (Ind.) refers to his record, from which wo make an oxtract: Tt is well known that 3tr; Bistor, the Domo- cratic candidate for Governor, Inn rigid Sabbata- rian, and, as. momber of the Ohio Constitntional Convention in 1874, he came out strong on his capacity for enforcing the Sunday Iawe. [+ wae during a discussion of the general enforcomant of Jawa, which touk place (sve Debates of Ohio Con- stitutions) Convention, Vol. 2, Part 4, p. 3,045) on the 23th of Aprit, 174, Dr. Minor sald: Ibelteve lawscan be enforced, and ougiitto be ens“ Lregrotted exceedingly toace the Suolay law and wiving aya rea. been enforced, { presumes tt bat alee it could and should have been but L know that law rould have been enforced, and xnow that It wi years, and it was done to enforen Ite. eT that the sunday ordinsnes of Cine ‘and dit when f hed the hynor to be Muyor of this ci! aU. Mr. Puayt=Dld the honorable gentleman ento tliat required thet nu placs should tw kent oven Where iiquor was habitually sold to be drank on Mr. Biauor-1 donot understand the geatten questions Uf he will roveat It. t will answer HfL ct Ai Meruber “ilo aakced smut tho Stats laws, F. Welip—1 was not alluding ta tiie euforcement of Stare awa, My capectal: business was. to enturca the ance, which Ldld. Jbelere tho pee (Sun ght to be enforced, aud coull be, coma plain from thie statement thas Mr, Bisnor took pleasure in enforcing the Sunday ordinances, and consldered it a high privilege todo so, and a great honor to have done so successfully. ‘The Gertuans of Ohio are so well pleaved with President Hares’ Southern and Civil- Service Reform policy that thoy are support. ing him aimog en riasae, ‘The Democratio State Convention, in casting about for some method of making good thia scrious loss, hit onthe expedient of nominating a teetotal Sabbatarian in order to draw away from tho Tepublicans as mauy Puritan votes ag possie ble, The Catholic Irish aro not generally in favor of political Sabbatarian temperance re- strictiona, but the Convention reasoned that the Irish would support the Democratic ticket no matter who was at the head of it, ond therefore to catch an: ray Know: Nothings that may be lurki in the Re- publican party, and also to capture the Puritans, they nominated the Know-Nothing Sabbatarian, Bianor, Poople in other States will look for the outcome of this Democratic experiment with @ good deal of curiosity. It shows at all events that the leopard can ebange his spots, and that success iy tho ono thing needful in a Democratic Convention. But Tux Taiscns scoms to for more than a year, fron F duly, 1863, every greenback boi aAureement of tho Government to take It at pa a sis pee cent bond, principal and Interest payable incoin, Didthese bonds absorb the geceubacs? ‘They could be had. if we remomber rightly, in du- Bomluations of $50. Was the currency **withio six montha” transformed Jato $50 bonds? Yet the Goveroment inade every effort to secure the trans fer. —Poat, Hf that law had been allowed to remain on tho statuto-bouk, the last greeuback would have been absorbed wore than fen years ago, - Renew that Isw now, and long before the expiration of six months every greenback would be * tran formed” Into 5-20 bonds; there would be one universal rush and scramble to ‘ transform" them, and the worsbipera of the greenback that forgotten t a er