Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 18, 1877, Page 4

a THE CHICAGO ‘TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY, | SULY 18, 1877. The Gribuue, SCRIPTION. TERMS OF 8 BY MAIL-IN ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREPAID, hig Faltion, ene year. 812.00 rtaot myear, per munth mailers font weeks for. Ltterary snd PieWerkly ene year: artsof wyeat, hr mont WEEKLY EDITION, cimen cop nt free, TOprevent delay and mistakes, be sure and give Post- addrees in foll, tocluding State and Connty. Y Temitiances may be mada elther by dratt, express, Post-OMico order, or in registered letters, at our risk. 1 , delivered, Bunday included, Addcers nn RE THUNE. Cust ‘Corner Madison and Dearborn-ats,. Chi “AMUSEMENTS. | Hooloy’s Thentre. Mandotph street, between Clark and Lefalle. Kn- ut of the Unton-Square Company. ** Les Dan- * Mesara, Thorne, O'Nell, Stoddart, etc. 1 Mess Fanny Morant, Bara Jewett, Katharine Rog- ers, etc. Afternoon and evening. Adeiph! Thentre. Monroe street, corner of Denrborn, Novelty, and pantomime, Merars. Pat Rooney, K. M. aMtt, ctc.: Mesdames Larkelle, Adah Iich- te, Afternoon and evening. Exposition Baltding. Lake Bhore, foot of Adama street. Bommer-Nieht Featlyat by the Thomas Orchestra. Naso-Nall Park, Btatd and Twenty-third streets, Champlonship game Detwoen tha Bostons and Chicagos at 3:43.p. m. SOCIETY MEETINGS. APOLLO COMMANDERY, NO. 1, KNTONTS TKMPLAR,—Stembars of this Commandery who have nut yet. Oiled out and returned ** Question Cade” to Itecorder, will please do so at once. and save us th nid expanse of again addressing you by mall. It a few sonirots work tu comply with the reqnirements, gu we urge zou, in the Interests of, the Commandery, to answer the questions and mall the cards. Delay aa the partof many of the members to pruwptly fetura Auese carée tins caused movertainty aud Inconventence. i a Tat i Ce Byoraerorthek- Gn DUNLOP, Reconder. We Tabor ¥ BRIA LODGE, No. 411, A. F. dA, M.—Mem> dere are hereby notified to attend « Kepular Commuol- cation of Ute Lodge, to be held at thelr lait, corner ut Tiandoiph and H ed-si8,, tha Wednesda: exentaks uty 18, at To'clock, ‘Third Degres. Visttl Ten cordially Invited, 1 it ing brush: By onder uf Chas, Hes CHICAGO MARKET SUMMARY, ‘The Chicago produce markets were actlye yes- terday, ond yencrally weak. Mesa pork cfosed 50 atic per brl lower. at $13,20Q13.26 for Angust tnd $15.05 for September, Lard closed 17}¢¢ per 100 Jha lower, ot &1,05G8.07% for Auguet and 0. 9,05 forSeptembor, Meats were easier, Ze per Ib for loomw ehuuldors and 6&@7e for do sort ribs, Lake freights wero activo and strong- er. at 24@2hc for corm te Bufalo,. Highwines were steady, nt $2.08 per gallun, Flonr was {r+ regular, Wheat clorcd 14¢¢ luwer, at $1.58 for July and 21.10% for Auguet, Corn closed 23@4e igher, uf 440 for duly and 4814¢ for Augurt. ats closed firmer, at dL for July and 28%ic for Auguat. Rye was qniet, nt Gic cash and fe for August. Barley was nonitnal, at ic asked for new No, ¥, seller September, Hogs were fulrly active and Se higher early inthe day, but closed quict at Monday's prices. Sales were principally at $4.00705.05. Caltle were quict and 13¢.20¢ lowor, with sales at $2.006¢0.05, Sheep were Orin ut $3,00@5.00, Laat Saturday evening there was in store In this city 260,323 bu wheat, 1,437.- 325 bn corn, & 32, 043 bu rye, and 110,209 bu bart 083,404 bu, being » decrease of GSO,H11 ba last wock, One hundred dollary in gold would buy $105.0255 in green- backs at the close. Greonbacks of the Now York Stock Ex- change yesterday closed at 94}. ‘Tho desire of persons owning uon-interest-bearing ‘Treasury notes to convort them into 4 por cent promiscs-to-pay wns tho couse of this probably temporary dopression. == Gen, Revxav, sont*to Mexico with Stato dispatches from tho United States Govern. ment, has returned wilh glowing impres- sions of the Diaz dynasty, and represents his os tho best Government Mexico has Amown for twonty yoars. Diaz gives great promises of what bo will do towards broak- ing np bordor-raids, and apparently is will- ing to do anything to seoure recognition by the United Stat Thero can be no fault found with the ro- cent order reletivo to ofice-holding and po- litical management on the score of partiality. Tho prohibition strikes at tho highest as well as tho lowest, tho Cabinot having decided that members of the National Republican Com- mittee, who aro likewise Fedornl officers, inuat resign one position or the other, Mr, McConsicz, Assistant Secretary of tho ‘redsury, comos under the ban; and so docs Postmaster Vintey, of St, Louis, and per- hapo some others of the National Committee, The Chicago Times supplies o column of indecent yllification as an argumont to show that the practice of wholesale party remoy- als by ouch new Administration began iu the days of Wasitiratox, and waa continned by allhis suecessore, Epithety aud ynlgarity will not alter facts, nor will thoy deceive ony oue, Calling au opponent n disroputa- blo, disordorly, and vulgar old boast, after the style of the papers printed for circula- tion in the slums of Julesburg, Choyenne, or Deadwood, has lost force among civilized peoplo og an argument, It is now thought to be moro than proba- blo that the Roumanian army will not take inactive partin the Bulgarian campalgn, but will serve the double purpose of guard. ing against an invasion of Roumanian terri- tory and covering up the lino of tho Danube, thereby protecting tho Russian rear and baso of supplics, ‘There is also every reason to believe that Servia will maintain her prasont position of armed neutrality. If these ro- ports are correct, two yery troublesome questions will have been removed from tho field of diplomacy, and Austria can flud no protext for intervention in this direction. Mr. Bronzer, of the 7'imes, atill insists upon tho annexation of America to Cauada, which nocessarily implloa the subordination of the United States to the Crown of Great Britain in g provincial: and dependent utti- tude. ‘This is a new freak of Mollie Maguir- isms, Tho all-gorical lying-down of tho lion aud the lamb together is not so swoet and beautiful a picture as this meek and lowly submission of the protended organ of tho Irish Homo Rulers to the British greed of an- nexution, Can it bo that Bronzer hopes he nay be appointed Governor-General of the United States under the new dispensation? It has long been evideut that thero is no limit to the ingenuity and enterprise of Chicago people in opening up now op- portunities for money-making. The latest instance of this is the employment of ibe position of Grand Juror as an agency for Diackinailing. According to all accounts, this new branch of industry originated iu the last Graud Jury, There is _ somo difference of opinion ag to. the progress it made and the revenue It yielded; Dut there is certalnly- hope for the enlarge- ment of the field and the increase of the profits so long as the County Board is con- trolled by a corrupt Hing, and that Ring has the selection of the Grand Jury, The Grand dury, being an arbitrary and imesponsible institution, it will afford the CAralicra d'industrie wide latitude in levying black- insil, aa a Grand Jnry nover sits before which there ara not presontments that havo no other basis than private malice or busi- ness complications, It will not be amiso for the Criminal Court ond the Stnte’s-At- torney to give this new commercial enter- threatening death to any engineer who pulls a train out, Tho entire military and con- stabnlary force of the State should be called out, if necensary, to disperse the riotous strikers, and prevent the success of the vio- Jent and unlowfnl methods they have em- ployed to carry their point in the matter of ‘wages, and their knowledge of politics or principles of government is lost, - Should the President 'bo able, despite the opposition of Congresa and the deep-rooted devotion of both parties to the spoils system, to maintain bis reforms and be able to re- dnee offiecs and oxpenses, improve tho char- neter of tho public sorvants, and permanont- prise nome of thoir attention; but the real romedy for this, as well aa all other abuses growing ontof the County Ring, will be the oloction of five honest Commissioners noxt fall, and five more of the same kind tho yenr after. This resta with tho people. A great doal of unnecessary concern is manifested as to tho effect upon our relations with Mexico of the proposed pursuit of ban- dita across the border, President Draz is understood not to share personally in this feeling, thongh compelled by force of pop- tar sentimont to enter a mild protest against py invasion of Mexican tor- ritory by the United States, He is very confident of his ability to so protect tho ‘Toxas frontier from Groaser incursions as to remove all necessity for carrying out tho in- structions to Gen. Orv, and it is believed that the maranders themselves will take good. care to'keop clear of tho districts in which United States troops are loonted. Onr special cable dispatch this morning gives a very intoresting and circumstantia account of tho brilliant victory achioved by the Russians in the capture of Nikopolis, So qnict and rapid was the advanco that the ‘Turka had their first notice of it in the nttack itself, and tho Russians appear to havo condneted their movements with a do- grec of bravory ond spirit such as has not been equaled heretofore inthe war. Thoy succeeded in capturing 6,500 prisoners, among whom were two Pashas, Acumen and Hassan, benides two ‘Turkish gunboats. The affair is by all odds the most important of the campaign thus far, and an advantago has beon gained by tho Russians which will cost tho ‘Turks dearly to overcome. A decision of some importance to hankers has recently been rendered at New Oricans, where tha American Expreas Company ro- covered from the Citizons’ Bank of Louisi- aua the sum of $12,500 ns charges on imoney-packnges which had beon underval- ned by tho bank when shipped. The bank contended that it had the ‘right to put any valnation it chose on its packages, no matter what amonnt of monoy thoy contained. But it was held that o true statemont of tho con- tents of money-packages is required, and that the Express Compuny is entitled to full compensation according to the rates of car. rying money, which are regulated in propor. tion to the amount shipped and the risk taken. ‘The officials of Howard County, Iowa, aro gravely perplexed. I'naxg Kyrr, tho Coun- ty 'Ironatfer, absconded, taking with him various sums, and tho combination of tho safo, supposed to contain $20,000. Prompt ly comes tho rafe dualer, who says he has not beon paid yet, and refuses to opon tho daor until the amount of $1,800 has been paid. 'The officials nro not sure of the contents, and og tho safe was purchased on trial, thoy aro not prepared to say whethor it suita or not until they they aro suro that the coveted twenty thousand good and lawful dollars of the realm aro within, Safe man says if it doesn't ploaso them ho will take it off thoir hands just ag it is, and the distractod guardi- ans oro afraid to pay the amount due or let the cafe go. To striko squarely at the root of the evil of intomperance appears to be tho object of tho New York Exciso' Board. Aoting under tho provision of tho law rostricting the salo of Uqnor to inns, the Commissioners havo determined to compel all houses securing licenses to provide sccommodations for eleopingon thoir promises, though they do not by any means propose to license overy house proving compliance with tho statute, ‘They sasumo that not o little deponds on tha ropute of the tavern, and consaquontly they Peromptonty rofuso all epplications for liconses from cornor grogahops and low tip- pling-houses, Dstsonico finds it nocessary to provide beds for all lis honses, though his down-town places closo at 8 o'clock in tho evening and his np-town establishment at 12:30 a, an, Master ‘Tomas Ketxy, described in the dispatches 3 ‘*n Ind of 16," with a fathor uador life sontence for murder, hns leaped into sudden fame by confessing o crimo which for deliberate cussedncss is almoat without parallel, Saturday night a hoavy train on a bridge of the Long Island Rail- road ran into an obstruction which proved tobe n bar of iron placed ncrous tho track and fastened to a log of wood, Master Kerny, whon arrested, frankly admitted that tho obstacle had not effectually done its work, Hoe aud threo others had contrived it for the purposo of wrecking tho train that thoy might rob tho dead and woundod, which they had ostablishod by mathematical caleu- lation would nmonnt to abong twenty. Un- fortunately for tha sclenco of computation the schemo nilacarried,and Muater Kenty bids fair to be gatherod temporarily to his father, A oorrespondont, claiming to be anim. partial man, and to have exceptional facili. ties for observation, denies emphatically the stories of Russian barbarity towarde Torkish families found in abandoned citios, Tho denial is altogethcr unnecessary, All tho tales of -Russlan attrocitics have como from ‘Turkish sources, and Lava not borne that impross of inhorent truth that people rojoice in whon anything especially horrible is pre- sented for thelr contemplation, Whatever Atrocities have been committed 1n Bulgaria have undoubtedly been the work of the Bul. garians themselves, out of revenge for tho horrors to which thoy have been subjected at the hands of their ‘lurkish rulers, tino out of mind. ‘The butchery of non-combatants, prisoners, or women and childron, {s no part of tho Russian plan of warfare; on the con- trary, it will probably bo found that the Russian military authorities ore tincero in their desire to mitigate a3 far as possible the calamitics of war among the inhabitants of the territory their troops bave occupied, rene A desperate stato of affairs prevaila at Martinsburg, Va. The striking Baltimore & Ohio fremen and brakemen have gathered in force, and bave announced a determina- tion, so far well backed up, to bring the Company totermsar stop all business, A wall force of seventy-five militia undertook to broak the blockade by starting some of the trains, when the rioters uncoupled some of the cars, and, when ordered off, firod upon the soldiers, wounding one, The fire ‘was roturned, aud oue rioter was instantly killed and several injured. Seventy freight-traing, composed of 1,200 cars, aro detained at Martinsburg, and the strikers, numbering with their friends about 1,000, are parading tho streets and ly separate politics and offico-holding, he will have reformod the greater abuses of the systom, and will hava brought tho American systom somewhat near that of England, which was once as corrupt and inofficient, and from the samo canses as our own, WHAT REFORMS THE PRESIDENT HAS ACCOMPLISITED. Tuo reform of the Civil Service in tho United States is n business of the most diffi- eult charactor. Opposed to it is nearly fifty years’ unbroken practice of the spoils system, and opposed to it are all the hopes, memo- ries, and traditions of tho politicians. In- volved in the reform fs the improvement of the character and qualificationg of the men who will hereafter ba Senators ond Mopre- sentatives in Congress, and the eloction of nmion to those places because of their intel- lectual abjlity nnd business qualitics instesd of an olection through the operutions of party machinery and tho bargain and sale of officcs. ‘Thoro ia no law of Congress which contem- plates or provides for the reform of the Civil Service, and os auch reform strips the mem- bers of both Houses of Congress of the polit- ical patronage of the country, the members of Congress may be said to bo wholly op- posed to any legislation to oxpedite that re- form, or to aid tho President in any incasure looking to that ond. Presidont Hares has undertaken to reform the public service so far as ho may do #0 consistently with law. Beyond that he enn- not go. ‘The greater abuses of the Civil Service are: 1. Tho multiplicity of offices, and tho unnecessary numbor of subordi- nates pensioned for party purposes on the public. 2, The personal unfitness and official incompetency of largo part of the force. 8. The close identity of tho official sorvants of the Govornment with the machinery of party politics, These three abuses, to which the public sorvico owes much of its corruption, oxpensivonoss, and inoMicioncy, oro only to a limited oxtent within the Prosident’s control; but to tho extent of hiv power, within the brief tine he has been in officc, ho has dono much in all these porticulars, and will continue to carry oat that policy. In the first placo, he has reduced the number of the Guvernmont employes as far as ho had anthority to do so, Nearly one thonsaid persons havo beon discharged ot Washington City alone, and he has now under invostiga-. tion the propriety of abolishing somo other branches of tho service which aro costly, and whose operations have been both irregular and irresponsible. In liko manner he di- rected a rovision of the pay-roll in tho Now York Custom-Honso, reducing tho force, 20 per cent, consolidating various offices, and susponding others until such timo os thoy may be obolished. Liko investigations into the operating machinery of othor Cnstom- Houses in the country are in progress, and unless Congress, alarmed at the reduction of local patronnge, shall interfere, he will cause a liko reduction of salarics and foed offices in all those Custom-Houses and Mov- enue offices, No man could havo done moro than the President hns done and is doing in the way of reducing the number of public officos and kalaried employes, In the matter of the second abuse he has been no less industrious and determined. ‘Tho integrity and capacity of a subordinato in office is a matter of concorn not only to the public but’ to tho individual. Had ‘Titpen, or oven Brarne, beon elected Preni- dent, the question of fitness and competonoy’ ‘would bavo been sammarily disposed of by tho wholosalo removal of those in office, and the sappomtment of the samo number of partisans on tho other sido,—partisans selected not because of their fitness or in- tegrity, Lut bocause of their ‘nervices" to the party.or to some nan cOnspicuous In the party. The Prealdent has struck a sevoro blow at the spoils system by refusing to make any such general chango; ho has confined his appoiutmonts mainly to filling vacancies happsuing because of the expiration of tho term of tho incumbonts, and in these cases he has ropeatedly reconuuissioned tho man in office, Lfe grously violated tho traditions aud laws of machine politics ond of the spoils system by appointing a Democrat to Lis Onbinet, nnd to a Dopartment having 80,000 subordinates, moat of them removablo at the pleasure of. tho Cabinot officer, Sinco the days of Moun- nox, during the ‘tera of good fvcling,” no such procceding as the appointment of a Cabinet officer of the adverso party, and from considerations of the public service, has taken place, Ho has broken up tho sys- tei of goneral removals for party sake. Ho lias removed men only for causes affecting the {public jutorost, nnd has in like man- ner mado his appointments to promote the public interests and tho general welfare of the country, As incidental to, if not a part of, the reform of this ovil, he has Jaid hands on carpot-bagism at tho South, improving tho publio service In tho character of tho men appointed, and in breaking up tho wido- spread corruption, and incfficiency, aud cost- liness of tho survico in those States, ‘The third abuso of tho Civil Bervice to the reform of which the President las addressed, himself ia in tho separation of the Civil Service from tho contro} and mansgemont of the party politica of tho country, When men aro appointed Collectors, Gaugers, Poat- masters, clerks, aud messengers in tho pub. lie servico, it is no part of their ofticial func. tlons to manage and control nominating conventions or caucuses, uor are tho subordl- untes of such offices to be ordered to attend caucuses or conventions to olect delegates roprosenting the opinions or wishes of their ehicf officor, Party services, or services at caucuses or conventions to nominate mon for Congress, or tho Legivlaturo, or any other office, are no longer recommendations, eithor for appomtmont or retention in office, aud consequently officeholders are under no ob- ligation, expressed or implied, moral: or logal, to devote thoir money or their own or the public time to any such business, Tho interferenco and control of Federal offi. cers in politica, and especially in tho management of caucwwex and conventions, is notorious, aud has done much to demoralize tho public service, Fitness, honesty, and capacity have all been subordinated to the labor of these men in packing conventions. All this the President has broken up, and had he done nothing else he would have won the gratitude of the country, ‘Thoas papers, Republican and Domocratic, which sucer at Civil-Servios Koform, which profess a desire to have such reform, but pervisteutly deny that the President has done anything in that respect, which are forever seeking to belittle all his efforts, and de. nouncing him and his reform as a shom and @ froud, take this course bocause they aro wedded to the spoils system, and have all their own hopes centerod in its restoration. They have no understanding of politics save in turning one set of men out of office and putting anotherin. Strike out tho spoils, THE BULGARIAN REVENGE, Now thnt tho Russians ure across the Danube and in oceupation of n considerable part of Bulgaria, we must naturally oxpect to hear not only of great battles, accom. panied with fearful slaughter, but also of droadfal outrages and massacres. The Rus- sian army is bent upon a war of subjugation or extormination, and it will not conduct that war with kid gloves on. It {a fighting a crual, merciless horda of Asistica who are as Dioodthirsty now ss they were three hun- dred years ago, when they poured over into Europe. Tho Turks, with* their destiny staring thom in the face, and with the aasnre ances of thoir Prophot, that for avery soven men, women, and children elnnghtered, one of the faithful earns the bowers of Paradise and the embraces of the hours, will slaugh- ter indiscriminately, ‘The Cossacks, Baahi- Bnzouks, Circassians, and Tartar hordes make war now in tho same bar. barous way that thoy did conturies ago. There is another agency of destruction still more to be dronded than all of those com- bined. The Bulgarians themsolves, who are boing organized into legions og fast as the Teussians advance, will now take the ravenge their pitiless taskmasters, ‘The Turks havo ruled thé Bulgarians not as subjects of the National Government, but 28 a servilo race, To all intents and purposes the Bulgarians tho Africana in the South were slaves before the War. They have always been treated aa They had no Govornment to appeal to for protection, for they wera ruled by tho brute force of » foroign enemy. That onemy al- lowed thom no voicoin making the laws,— no representation, no rights of any kind. It therr crops and stock, doomed thom to labor without componsation, ground them down into the very dust with its cruel oxac- tions, and, when remonatrance was mado, the tyrants massacrod tho mon, ravished tho women, sold the children into slavery, burned their. villages, and plundered their property. Vor contnriea tho Bulgarians havo suffered this horrible ornelty, until at laat thoy wore so crushed and cowed that thoy lost all power of resistance, and woro degraded into the worst species of slavery, ‘They became cowards through years of op- pression, torture, and slaughter, with no hope of rolief, with n> friends to appeal to for aid, with the absolute certainty that even a look of protest would bo followod by torture or doath. No ray of hope appoarcd tothem until last summer, when Sorvia de- clared war, Then they aroso in robellion, but it was snmmarily stamped ont with the most horrible and nocdleas butchery of men, women, and children-ever known in the world’s history. Now Mussla, their powerful champion, isin thelr own ter- ritory for their deliverance, They know that this war moans either Enssian defeat or Ddecame freo, tho Tark was driven out, Whon Servia becawe freo,the Turk was driven over the Danube. If Bulgaria becomes free, no Turk will romain north of tho Balkans. It is war to the knife and the knife to tho hilt. ‘Tho Bulgarians, therefore, are actuated with adonblé ambition, first, to assist the Rus- sians in emanoipating themselves from Turk. ish thralldrom, and, second, to ravonge themselves for tho horriblo cruclties, tore tures, ond massacres that have boen prac- ticed upon thom, That revenge will be complete. Tho Bulgarians will never be sat- fafled until tho last Turk is oither killed or driven over the Balkang. If tho war onds with Russian success, no Turks will bo left in that country which they havo ravaged and desolated wo Jong. It ia tnovitable, there. foro, that the nows from tho war for the rest of this summer must come burdened with sickoning recitals of massacre and butchory, not only as the diroct outcome of a ferocious war, but also asthe natural result of the emancipation of o nation of slaves taking fearfnl rovenge for thousands of murdored men, tortured womon, and atolon children ; for villagoa burned and homes dospoiled ; for centurics of the most crael wrongs over practiced upon n conquered people. THE LIBERIA FOLLY, With the impuluivencus and thoughtless. ness charactoristic of their race, the negroos of South Carolina are saddenly se witha mania for emigrating to Libe: and are holding large public meetings in Oharleston and elsowhore in the State, undor tho auspices of certain demagognes and speculators, to work up the Liboria faver. Emigration agencies have been established, and even the colored churches are taking an active intor- eat and help to incroaso the excitement. ‘This sudden and very remarkable frenzy seems originally to have grown out of politi- cal dizappointmouts which the speculators were shrewd enough to seize and turn to their advantage. ‘They have litorally stuffed thelr credulous dupes with the most marvel- ous storios of the productivencas of Liberia, the easy avenues to wealth, and the oppor- tunities for social nnd politloal promo. tion in that wonderful region, They have promised them wealth almout without work, hold out the flattering inducements that they can easily become lords and Indies, and a possibility that they may oven riso to high positions in State, and perhaps become Kings and Queens, Liberia has been set before. them as a land tacming with cotton, rice, and fruits, an E} Dorado of gold and silver, aud tho Promived Land where the black race is to accomplish the destiny marked out for itin the progress of civilization, and they: are now all crazy to go. Whon we romember the credulousness of intelligent white people, tho manner in which thoy swallowed the glowing accounts of cunning speculators and rushed to California, Pike's Peak, and other fubulous bonanzas of wealth, the frantic do- sire of the moreignorant race torush to Liboria, ig uot to be wondered at. Tho more intelligent of the negroes are not so easily humbugged, aud take theso stories at a dix. count, but there is cousiderable doubt whether they can allay the excitement of the ignorant. The difiiculty of procuring passage money may deter some from going, but the great majonty will probably have to learn from bitter experience that Liberia is not a land flowing with milk and honey, and that it is the height of foolishness for them to leave a country where they are comforia- an inforior race in a condition of bondage. | ‘Turkish oxtormination,. When Roumania | of centuries of cruelty and opprossion npon |! lave boon the slaves of the Turks aa fully na | taxed them inordinately, robbed them of | SSS eee es, ble and where they are necded, foranun- | have snggested, It is timo for Mayor known Iand, upon the empty promiecs of | Hearn to give his personal attention to thin speculators. matter; for, if there is nny farther occasion Aswo have already intimated, the origin | for complaint, ho is the one who will be of thia mudden oxodus ia to be found in | held responsible. As to his Health Oom- political discontents and disappointments. missionor, ho can either dismiss him, or sup- ‘Their defeat in the last election, their loss of | Press his ridiculous babble about ditches, I will support the Constitation of the United States and the Conntitotion of the Binte of Tillnoia, and that I will falthfally discharge the duties of the office acconling to my beet nullity.” 1 ean prom fea nothing more, The Constitntion of this stats requires nothing more, and the Constitution ex. preasly provides that, ** And no other oath, decla- ritfon, of teat aball de required aaa qualification. * In view of this prosixfon of the Constitution, Tage rept the oflce, renervinz to myself all political priv- fleges and rights embrncod tn the forcgolng pro- offices, and the decrease of their political power and infltence, seem to havo inspired the leaders to adopt this foolish and reckless scheme as n sort of revenge against the Southern whites, The absurdity of auch a step, leaving out of the question the certain misery that must result from it, is so appar- ent that it hardly noods mention. 1¢ would have beon just as consistent for the white Republicans of the North, after the defeats of 1874, to havo emigrated in a body to Boith America as for tho black Republicans of the South to pack up and go to Liboria becauso they have been defeated. The colorod men of tho, South aro citizons of the United States, and cntitled to the same rights and responsible for the same dutios ag tho whites, Their pro- emmont duty is to remain in tho country, to help dovelop its produotivencas and increase ita wealth, and to perform all their dutics as citizens. The chiof necessity of the nogro is edacation. Instead of plunging into reck- less schomes of cmigration to Africa, where many of their brethren who havo preeeded them have already relapsed into barbarism and Fetish worship, it is thoir duty to odn- cate themselves and thoir childron, that they may oxerciso their duties as citizens more clearly and intelligently. The principal essential to their happiness and pros- perity, tho road to wealth, and the ‘way to command the respect nnd recog- nition of the whites, is to educnto themselves, | If tho negroos would exort themselves ns I zealously and resolutely to obtain an educa- tion as they are now doing at the instigation of speculators and domagogues to rush to Liborin, tho noxt genoration of negroes would bos powor in the South, In their Present furious oxcitemont, howovor, it is evidont that no argumenta ns to the faturo will have woight with thom. What is most neoded is, that some of the loaders of the blacks in whom they have confidence should sot beforothem the real condition of Libéria, and the inevitable certainty that omigration must involve misery, disappointment, loss of money and opportunitics, and ultimate re- apse into barbarism, THE HEALTH-COMMISSIONER AND THE MAYOR, We strove to be particularly lenient with Commissioner DsWory tho other day, when he first ventileted his socond-handed, absurd, and oxploded theorfes abont Chicago stench- es, DxWorr is young ss 9 Health-Commis- sioner, and wo took pity on his immature condition. We pointed ont his errors pa- tiently, as wo bad olrendy pointed out tho “same orrors to his predecessors, bat forbore to hurt his foolings, Butif DeWotr insists upon being written down an ass, it certainly ‘isn't our fanit, If he allows the reporters to eajolo or bully him into talking, and then re- iterates his silly stuff and nongonse, ho can aearcely claim exomption from frank charac- terization nos an ignoramus, He scoms to bo particularly desirous of defonding thoren- doring eatablishmonts, and so insists that it ia the South Fork of the South Branch that makes the smell. When asked why the Sonth Tork s«proads tts pos- tilence in o sporadic fashion and only at night, he first answered that it is because “the night sir is denser, and the gasea do not rise and float away in the upper atmos- phere as thoy doin the daytime”; his s¢c- oud answer as that he didn’t know. The first anawor makes tho socond clearly tha trug ona. DxWoxrr docun’t know. Ho will novor bo able to find ont. Ho admits the question has puzzled tho chomists ho haa talked with. His own scientific information ia evidently limited and of on uncertain obaracter. Tho fact ia that, either through ignorance or a desire to protect the ronder- ing establishments, hoe has boon betrayed in- to an absurdity, and, instead of seeking to explain it away, ho should simply abandon it and devote himsclf to the true cause of tho noxious odors. We do not propose to go over the whole ground again for the benefit of Mayor Hearu's Health Commissioner. It has been demonstrated over and over ogain, ond fully explained in tho columns of Tux Tnivong, that the night stench which infesta Chicago comes from the rendering eutablish- monts, and from nothing else. Some years ago, bofore this had been definitely ascer. talned, nnd before there wero any prosecu- tions of the owners for tho nuisance, tho gases were discharged in tho oir at the close of the working day, and thon tho stench was diffused abuut 6 or 7 o'clock in tho ovening, Since the rendering people know themselves to bo in danger of prosocutlon, they hava taken to the practice of letting off the gases during thonight, Now, it ls the business of Commissioner Dx Wor to stop this; if he fails, Mayor Hzarm lad botter find a Health Commissioner who can and will do it. The fact is that Mayor Hxarn is moro re- sponsible to the community than DeWotr, ‘The former haa been in the city service long enough to be ontirely famillar with the his- torical and sojontific phasos of Chicago atenches, and when he finds a Health Com. missioner making tho same errors that wore mado several years ago, ho should oxereiso the Mayor’s power under the present charter to put some more expert person in that of- fico, It is the duty of the Mayor, undor tho clroumstances, to instrnot his Hoalth Com- missioner to give his attention to the render. ing establishments, and to employ bis ener- gies ond those of his nssistenta to the appro- hension of those who permit the foul gascs to be blown off into tho chimneys. More than this, Mayor Heata should order a de. tail of policemen to make a business of watch- ing these rendering establishmonta at night, and reporting overy instance where the gases are blown off into the chimnoys instead of being deodorizod and run off through sewers or uaderground, If this course be pursued, either the stench will ceaso altogother, so there will be prima facie evidence that the Health Ofti- cers and the police are not doing their duty honestly; in tho former caso Ohicago will be protected, and in the latter it will bo the duty of the Mayor to make such changes in the force as will socuro faithfulness and efficiency, The rondering establishments, for reasons alroady abundantly explained, will not deodorize unless forced to, and noth- ing put constant watching and oogasional prosecution when proof can be obtained will hold them down to their duty. ‘The difficulty about making outa caso against the offend. ing establishments is exaggerated. It is not a difficult matter to prove that the discharge of the noxions gases into the chimneys gen- erates the stinks, The absence of op- paratos for carrying them off is prima facia evidenco of tho nulsancs, and the failuro to uso such apparatus can be proved by constant and honest watching by official agents of the city in the way wo -commlsvion as a member of the Board of Equal and forke, and slipr, and stagnant pools, about which the poople have heard al- together enough. The stench comes from tho rendering establishments; itcan be atop- ped and must be stopped. THE GEORGIA ag CONVEN- We print elsewhere this morning the ad- dross mado-by ex-Gov. Cuantrs J. Jennies at the opening of the Georgia Constitutional Convention, of which ho has beon choson President. We givo it apace for two ren- sons,—first, because it contains some thoughts which cannot be too frequently im- proased upon a peoplo which are intrusted with self-government; and, secondly, be- cause its tone and the manner in which it was received will tend to allay any popular apprehension there may bo at the North of a purpose in Georgia to antagonize tho princl- ples contained in tho amondmonts 'to the Constitution of the United States, When contrasted with the approhensions expressed by Sonntor Brarre in his Fourth-of-July ors- tion, Goy. Jznxrse’ romarks aro ronssuring. It does not nppoar from his specch that tho purpose of the Convention ia simply to drop out of tho Geor- gis Constitution tho patriotic sentiment of ctornal allegiance to the United States Govornment, but rather to provide protec- tion against the squandering of public monoys on private entorprises, for which tho present Constitution, adopted by the carpot- baggers, furnishes such abundant oppor- tunity. It may be that the now Constitution will not contain any reforence to the Re- bellion, nor any pledges novorto rebel again; plodges of this kind would probably not bo rogarded as very binding if the people of Georgia should over desire to robel again, and tho absonce of such pledges will bo largely atoned for by tho formation of such orgauia law for the State as will be in strict harmony with the Constitution of the United Btatos and sooure equal rights to all men, This will bo moro practical than any pledges or patriotic utterances that could bs incorporated in it. It is scarco- ly to bo doubted that Gov. Jenxms, like most Georgians, is strongly imbued with tho fallacy of State-Soversignty, but he did not force it into prominence on this occa- sion; “his reference to o “reserved sover- eignty " fs scarcely surprising at « timo when Georgia is ongaged in exercising thosovereign function of framing 1 Constitution for its local Government. ‘Tho qualification con- voyad by tho term “reserved” in connection with his othor remarks, indeed, implies a fall recognition of the limitations imposod by the higher sovereignty of the General Gor- crumont. ‘Tho most valuable portions of the address aro those which warn the Convention that a Constitution should be framed which shall troat tho interosta of the State ay paramount to local considerations; which shall ombody the gonoral principles of Govornmont; which shall protoct the public funds from the plundor in which officials reveled under the present Constitution; which shall pro- vide a system of free public schools adequate to tho justruction of all citizens in primary education; and which shall guaorantes tho blocks the equal rights thoy enjoy in thelr new and olevated condition, All these things worn distinctly demanded by Gov. Jenxms, and tho applause with which their sugges- tion waa recoived Indicates that the Conven- tion is in harmony with the liberal views ho expressed. His utterances on the subjects of oducation and race-relations cannot fairly bo criticised, excopt where there may bo a captious disposition to resent his advico that Georgia ehall not rely upon Northern insti- tutions for tho higher education of its youth, It would not bo unnatural for o Northern man to say tho samo things with roforence to a rolianco on Southern colleges for the higher oducation of the youth of Maino or Illinois. But all intolligont porsons will admire hia position that it is tho duty of the State to bring edu- cationg within the reach of the mnssea in order to enablo them to discharge the func- tions of citizenship properly,’ his is almost o new sentiment in tho South, and bespeaks progroaa in the right direction; and it is a hopefal sign that; when Gov. Jrnxine in- sisted upon tho eatoblishinent of a thorough public school system as rapidly as the do pressed condition of tho State finances will permit, the sentiment was recoivod with applause, ‘The same was true of his exprossod desire that thore should not only be no class Jegislation nor discrimination against the blacka, but such treatment as will convince the negroed that ‘tthoso who once ocoupled a different rola tion to thom fully recognize the change that hss olevated thoir clvil status, and aro in truth their boat friends.” This, as an ex- preasion of tho Prosident of the Convention and indorsed by the Convention itself, con- tains,» promiso of tho voluntary obliteration of tho color.line in polltios by tho native whites of Georgia, and inspires a confidence that the new Constitution will be in keoping with this excellent purpose, ‘The following tablu shows the total stock and bonds in Western toflronds, with the amount paid Inst year—1670—on tho stock and alsu on the bonds: as (Bs, 150 040, 001 4, 7H, D7 27, 080, 00 3,054, 800. )715, 388,140 $303, G42, 27:3 From the above table it will bo scen that futerest was paid ouly on two-ll{thsof the Mlinols rallroad stock; how muth interest was pald ts not stated. In Iudiana not one-fortieth part of tho stock pald any interest, and ouly o third of tho bonds, ‘They all wake a bed showing. a A vacancy Having occurred on the State Board of Equalization for the South District of Chicago, by reason of the declination of Mr. Mougax, the Governor has appointed Bir. Jauzs P. Roosto fli it, This geutleman, ac- cepting the appointment, wrote the following characteristic letter: : The sion, Shelby VU. Cullom—Dean Siu: Your commanication of the 13th inat., inclosing my (on, is received, which office I hereby accept. Thave no pledges to wako except ancl te re bre acribed iu the oath of office required by the Cou- siitutlon, which iy thas **hdo sulcmaly swear that Iston. Tdesire to oxnrers my gratitude forthe conf- dence repored In te by your Excellency ae rx Presned in yor commienion, and iT merit it the People of my dirtrict and the peoplo of this State Will concur In the Judgment uf your Iixcctleucy, Yours respectfully, Santen P, Roor, The expression in tho above Ictter, “1 Lave no pledges to make oxcopt stich as are pre- scribed in tha oath of office required by the Constitution,” would Ivad one to infer that the Governor bad tried to exact some promise from Mr. Root in regard to the discharge of his duty or something else, It is reported that the Gor. ernor fe regarded as a candidate for Senator two or three years from now. Wedo not believe that he sought to commit Mr. Root to his sup- port for that offica as a condition of his apnoint- mont, ond, as {t fa rather too soon to be,laying wires for Lis re-election as Governor, one is at a Joss to imagine what It wos that Mr. Root ro- fused to pledge himself to do. Whatever it was, he has refused to tio himself up as a con- dition precedent to his appointment, but “re- serves to himeclf all polltical privitoges and rights embraced In the oath of office.” Mr. Root fs a very competent man for tho important office to which he has been chosen by the Goy- ernor, and his selection will givo entire satisfac tion to this county. ee Mr. Avast Crara, in his letter to Tam Ta1o- une yeaterday, among other things, sald: In another way wo abould Ike to see a reduce tion, | Newspapers (neveral of them Have been re- duced from 6 to 3 cents in New York) in Chicago, thongh printers’ wages nave been reduced con> siderably of Jate, atill maintain thelr price, Wh: is It ford such reductions operate only tn one di- ects Every printer with a thimbleful of sense knows that the main reliance of dally newspa- pers is their advertiaemente, and that the hard times have dried up that resuurce yery seriou ly. If the large morning newspapers should reduce their subscription rates, they mustat tha samo time cut down tho size of their sheet to correspond with the¢cduction in price. By so doing the public would of course recelye pro- portionally less news of all kinds. A part of the printers and proof-readers, reporters and editors, would have to be discharged. How auch a policy would help printers {8 diMicult to sce; and if the reader got acheaper paper it would be because {t was smaller, and con- tained icas reading-matter, less telegraphic news, less tocal news, and fewer editorials, There aro now printed in Chicago daily papers of all sizes and prices, from a half- sheet, with a few atickfuls of news, for a cont, to a great aouble seven-coluinn, eight-page sheet, with the news of the whole world in am- ple detall, for four cents a copy by the week, or antckel fora single copy. The reading public pay their money and they take thelr chotce. Astotho New York morning quartos, it was only the two smatler sir-column abcets, tha World and dferald, that have reduced their prices. They formerly supplied thelr carrlers, newsdealers, and newaboy's at $3 per 100 sheets; they now charge thom $3.50 per 100; but as tho World and the Herald arc 25 per cent smaller sheote than the New York Tinus or Ti -dune, they are able to undersell them 50 conta on the 100 sheets, an thoy save most on the difference on white paper, to say nothing of composition, proof-reaillng, reporting, and editing. a= = To. 1he Eaitor of The Tridune. Cricado, Jaly 17.—The two great nuleances ox- dating now In Chicago are, firat, the smeiis of tho North Branca and rondering establishments, and second, the blowing of, steam whiattes. ‘The fiat fein a falr way of being abated in courao of time, and the xecond may now bo stopped at once. Tins close a copy of an ‘ordinance Istely passed by the Council, and | have the assurance of Mayor Wxatit it will be onforcod, Will you notdo the publica the favorof publiviing thia ordinance and give them the powerful ald of your journal to secure Its strict and prompt enforcement? As It 1¢, the well are distracted and the elck and dying sociured, We omit the ordinance as unnecessary, Tt lias been published repeatedly. Tho steam- ‘whistles can ‘only bo blown on tho-rivur'as'a” algnal to the bridge, or asa precaution against collision, ‘Thisis greatly abusod, and the pullco- men on the bridges should make a report of every violation of tho law. It scoms tousalso that the ordinance might bo amended #0 2s to require all ateamboats entering tho river after 10 o'clock at night, and all vessels drawn by tugs, to tie up inthe river cast of Ruah-atrect bridge between 10 p, m. and daylight. Tho most protracted shrieking of whistles ts at night time, . A week ago very many members of the Board of Trade of this city were swearing by Prof, ‘Tice. Now they aro swearing at him, Thoy invested their money in expectation of bad weather, with "f. b. rt’? and now have lost it, What achange? One short week ago cle- vated to the dignity of agod. Now, ‘*nonc so poor to do him reverence.” —— PERSONAL. @& ‘The Exoter Town Council in England, we learn from Nature, has decided to postpono tho purchase of thelr town gas-works ‘‘onaccoaut of the success of the clectric light, and the probabili- ty of Ite anperseding gas,’ Tho St, Louis Globe-Democrat has con- victod Mr, Richard Henry Stoddard of plagiarizing o portion of hia articla on Do (Quincey, in the lass number of Appletons’ Journal, trom Page’s** Life and Writings of Da Qulacey,”* Wo beg the indulgence of Mr, Richard Grant White and other jurlets for saying in yes: terday's iesue that tho husband of Mrs. Hunger- ford ‘sloped with Lady Ernest Temple. Tho word was written ‘eloped.’ Either expression conveys the idea, but Tux Tussunm has no desire toshock the graimmarians of the Kast by a resort to vulyarisms of any description. The Boston Journal of Chemistry remarks that Milton had anextengve and minute knowl- edge of geography. In ‘Paradise Lost,” x. 600, he speaks of **Norumbega,” which puzaled the commentators till Whittier called attention to the fact that ft wasthe Indlan name of Bangor, Me. It je found upon a map of Malue published early ia the soveuteanth century, Tha local orthography de now **Norombeya.”’ A person in Now York named Clarke in sulted a mother and her three daughters by pur- suing thom tothe door of thelr dwelling, and thon had the monumental impudenco to have the head of the family arrested for making threats. ‘The Justice before whom the case was tried with good sense advised the defendant to lays horsewhip over tho shoulders of plaintiff if the latter ahould ever in the futuro be obnoxious, Mr. Redfield writes from Washington that Secretary Sherman regards the new 4-per-cent loan aaclargoafuir, He said recently in conversation that he did not care much what the newspapers might say about bim porsonally, but ho particularly requested that they deslst from saying anything ainat the pew Joan. He complained of the oppo- aitlon he encountered from the holdera of the G per cents, but still hoped to ase the day when the wholo Govornment debt would Lear only 4 percent foterest, ‘Mr. Gladstone contradicts the report that els lo rccelpt of the pension of £2,000 allotted ex:Mlpisters by law after three years’ service, but rarely accepted in practice. Mr, Gladstone in- boritod $500, 000 from his father, suld bis wife wos auheiress, Ten yoare azo ho was embarrassed by lousca, bat bas recouped them sluce. British practice, which is protty rigid in thls respect, tiskes sn exception on debalf of the Lord. Chan- cellor, who fs given £5,000 per annum for life, however brief bis term of service, Mr. Henry James, Jr., writes in the Gatary: ** Miss Ausien and Sie Walter Scott, Dickens and Thackeray, Hawthorne end George Ellot have all represented young people in luve with each other; bat no one uf them has, to the best of my recollection, described anytlung that can be called a passion, —put it lato motion befure ‘ws, and shown us its vaslous paces. ‘To eay this 1s tossy atthe ssme time thst theso writers havv spared us yuch that we conalder disagreeable, snd that George Sand bas not spared us; bat it {a to say furthermore that few persous would resort to Eu- gllsb prose fiction for any information concerning eds! forces of the heart, —for any Idcas upos ma.