Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 21, 1877, Page 9

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE LITERATURE. Lisutenant Cameron’s Jour=~ ney Across Africa. Political Essays of the Late Walter Bagehot---Ephe- sian Discoveries. Brovets in the English and American Armies---Ency- clopeedin of Chem- isiry. Thomas Edward, the Scotch Natus ralist—Art-Gossip—A Cen- 4 tenarian, Flora Round About = Chicago---The Parsley. Family (Umbellifera). A Remarkable Bird-Story---Notes on Varlous Scientific » 'Toplcs. - LITERATURE. CAMERON IN AFRICA. ACROSS AFRICA, By Venxxr Loverr Cane EuoN, C. By D,C.T.,, CommanderTRoyal Navy, Uold Medalist Royal Geograplucal Soctety, ete. With Numeroun IHlastrations, New Yor er & Bros, Chicago: iiadley Dros, danacn, McClurg ACo. Bvor, Dp. 505, Licut. Cameron had long Leen desiring to as- sist In the work of cxploring Afriea, and sup- pressing the Infamous slave-trado cxtensively arrled on fn the fnterlor, when ho was ap- pointed by the Royal Geographical Soclety to hie command of tie second Liriugstone scarch- expedition, It was the purposc of this expe- dltlon to convey to the great African explorer, from whom the last intelligence had been brought by Stanley, the ald of men and means with which to complete his sl unfiniahed Aliscoverics. Licut. Cameron, with his nssistant, Dr. W. E. Dillon, sct out from England on the 80th of November, 1572, and reached Zan- zibar, tha polut of departure for the interior, In the followinz January, VFour months and more were consumed {n securing mon and preparing the outfit for the jutirney across tha country to Unyanyembe. The total atrength of tho expedition nipounted at the start to about 250 porsons, thirty-Nve of whom were ashari, or soldicrs,and 200 pagazi, or carrlers and servants, There were also twenty-two donkeys, used as rlding and pack anlmalg, and three dogs; so that, fn numbers at least, the cowpany made an {mposing appear- ance, But, like all expeditions composed of native Africans, it was mude up of tho most dlsorderty ‘and perfldious materfal, There was apparcntly not an honest man in the troop, and, from beginning to end, the commander was borassod with perpetusl desertions, thefts, laziuess, and deeeits = The caravan hegan its march from Kikokn, o short dfstance from the coast, on the 80th of May, and slawly procoeded juland by tho route which Stanley had traveted. Already the dreadful malaria lurking lis all e lowlands of Afrle had begun its deadly as- raults upon the caravan, and Llcut, Cameron was forced to a paluful strugzlo with fover, in addition to the continual contest with his in- subordinate men. The doys, and weeks, amd months slipped mouotonously by, creating no Incldents ol speclal mornent to vary tha record, until the party arrlved at Unyansembe In August, The alckness of the leaders, comblned with a_multitudg of lusser obstacles, detained the expedition at-this polnt for a couple of wonths, On the 20th ot October the sad news of tho death of Livingstone was recelved, fol- lewed In o fow days by the arrival of tho falth- ful band transportiug lis body to tha coast, In tuis unforeseen oxigency, Licut, Cameron resolved to continue on to Ujlfi, and sccure the papers and books which Liviugstone had left, and_thence proceed to Nyangwe!and endeavor Mo follow up the Doctor’s explorations, Dr., Dillon wus too 11 to accompony the cxpedition fartlier, and it was declded that he should re- tumn to Zunzibar with Livingstone's caravan, He bad been fur many wecks prostrate with the fuver, which threatenvd to destroy his cyesight, and the only hope of hils recovery was Inquitting the country. - On the Uth of Noyember s soleinn panting tuok placo between the two Englistunen, and Dillon turned his facocoastward. Histravels were soon endud, for, bine days later, when de- linous with fever, ho shot liimself through tho head, aud ono more .was added to the Jist of wartyrs to African cxlylurullun. Lieut. Cameron, at the héud of sbout 100 men, pushied his tedious vm{ on to UM, arriv- Iug at Kuawele, the chiof vlllage, in February. Dr. Livingstone’s papers wero tlrst sceured, sad tlen all the encrarios of thie travelerwers duvote J to the prosecution of “fresh discoveries. While walting for the convoy of a caruvan west ©of Tangauyiku, he deteruund to make o crulss around tho southern portion of that lnke. Boats werc obtafued and necdful preparations conclud- ¢d by the 18th of March, and nearly two montbs froni that dato were oceupled In the voyoge. ‘The sceuery bordering Tanganylka fs described a bold and plcmrcu}nc. the shorvs belng nesrly cvcawlmrn blily or mountainou: with luxurious vegetation, \;’oru m-unured‘ b treqy i aloug ¢ marging but, deapite e Tortility of tho sull, fOnd. Was 8carce Mol them, owing to the continual depredations of merauding tribes and of elave-dealers, At Kirumbu the Fuflpln weroe clothed in a coarse cotion of thelr own munufactures and at h!lkhungl a0 old aud white-halred chlef waa seen spiuning, while hls wives sud daughters Werw plcking the sceds from fresh bolls of cot- ton. **Th (lbro was Jald," says Licut, Cameron, in heaps by the slae of the chiel and his friend, wh:l spindles {n by ere making it {nto yara. ;l‘h r wooden spludles were sbuut fourteen uches Joug, and Lalfan inch In dismeter, with o lece of curved wood ada welight, half an {nch rom tha top, where a small wire ook wus fixed. ‘The otton wos Hrat worked between tho Buger and thumb fute o sort of rough tape about halt a yard long, and then hookedto the splndle, which was rolied along tho right thish, togive it arapld spluning motion, The yorn was held in the loft huud,” the suindis haugeime from it;end tho right forefinger wud thumb were used to prevent any ireegularitics ju tho size of tho thread. soon as & leugth was tpun, it was unbiooked und wound round tho spiudle, and more cotton was prepared, hooked op, and spun in_the same wanner, ’fne yoarn turbed out Ly these Jeaus, though coarse, is fairly strong and wonderfully regular in fihv.-. \ isalterward wound on sticks about four fuet long, uscd as shuttles in weaving, " At Klaungi Lieut, Cuncron wes fntercsted in watchiug a potter, at her work. “She first Kguudu with & pestle—such as thoy use in atlug corn—enough cartl and water for mak- ing oue pot, until it becomes a perfectly houo- kencous masa. Then, puttivg It ou a at stoue, he gavu It & blow with her st to forth a hol low in the middle, and worked it rouglly into 8 shape with Ler hands, keeping them constant- lywet, She then smouthed out the fNuger- warks with & corn-ob, and polished the pot l-m; pleces of gourd and wood,—tbe gourd Egive 2 it the proper curves,—finally ornamentlug it Witk @ sharp-pofuted stick, I went to examloe thiy work, wondering Low It would bo taken off :hu Stous aud the bottom shaped, nud found ‘l.u(! us bottom had yet been formed. But, af- fen tlo veascl Lisd becn dryiug four or five hours )::‘ slady place, it was sulllciontly stiff to be om begiuning to pound the cla; 1L the pot~holdiug ubout wm‘f ullunl~wn.)i' Pn‘li aside to dry, occupied thirty-five minutcs, ::l1 Uroviding it with & bottom ‘might take ten hutes wore. The shapes are very graceful, m Wauderlully truly fored, many being Lké Auipbora In"Vills' Dlomed st Pompefl.” . m:hut day of May, 1874, Camcron started i, Journey west of Tanganylks. It was hls ey ‘K’O brocure boats at Nyangwe, a vitlage sit- ed on the Luslaba River, which be bilieved gue of tho head-waters of the Congo, and b l‘t\uin that unknown stream to the 'west ‘:fl: Thistripho fancled could bo seeownplished counto or threo mouths. In the Mabyuems o uutry Lo found a people endowed with wany o ‘q-uuu- but sddicted to cannibalisni. kit Oulydo they eat the bodies of enemies in'battle, bt also of people who dis of dlscase, American Constitution. His criticlsms They prepare the corpses by leaving themn {n tunning water until they are nearly witrid, and then devour them sithout any fur- her cooking, The also cat all sorts of carrton, and thelr ador 1 very foul and revolting,” Nyangwe, a polnt chosen by the Zanzibar traders as o Ycrmnucnt statlon, was reached in Angust, Th: hope of procuring eanoces was daumeda to disappointment, as the natives would not_scll or hire them, except for a payment in slaves, fn which Cameron would not deal, Ha then planacd to cross the country o Lake Bankorra, but waa forbidden by thehead-chief to enter his territory. It would have been an casy matter to have foucht his way through, hut he aahered tothe pacific courae habitually pursued, and gaye up the undertakine. 1fe then proceed- ed to Kilemba, theheadquarters of Kasongo, the chicCof the Urun dfstrict, where ha as com- pelled to remaln, for lack of men and guldes, from October, 1874, untll June, 1875, Durlng this dreary futerval of enforeed walting, e had abundant epportunity to ohserve the habits of the people. The muitllated hodles of the men in walting upon Kasongo testifled to the brutal- ity of thrt despotic chief. For trivial offenscs hfs subjects were made to part with aneag, n nose, a_lip, n finger, or an arm, Kasongo had comé of a line of feroclous ancestors. 1L was aald that, at the burial of his fathicr, fewer than a hundred Hving women had heen entomb- cd in his grave. It _fs the custom, on tho death of a Urua chief, *to divert the courseof u stream, and in its bed (o dig an enormous pit, the hottom of which fs thin covered with 1iving women. Atone end o woman ls-placed on lier hauds and knees, and upon_her bacl the dead chief, covered with hia beads and treasures, is seated, belnz supgorted on cither sida by one of his wives, whilo his second wifo sits at hla fect, The carth s then shoveted In on them, and all the women are buried allve, with the exception of the second wife. To her custom is mors merciful than to her comrnnlnns and grants her the privilege of belng khied befare the huge et ied i, This beiug completed, & number of male slaves—somctimes forty ur Rits—are siaughtered and their blood puiired over the grave; after which the river {8 allowed to resumne its course.” ‘Cameron left Kasonga's village at last, in company With _a caravan hecaded by Alvez, a villafoous Portugueee slave-trader, who tad | undertaken to gulde bim to Bihe, but, in tho fulfillwent of is cngagement, Inilicted upon the long-sulfering traveler every specles aof {ndlguity, which unhappily he had not the power 1o resist, Alsez had fi his train n large gang ot alaves, and the erucl treatinent €0 wl they were subjected was heartrending towitness, In marching, thealaves are chalned togetlier to the number of perhaps twwenty, snd, wherever ono gucs, the whole must folldw. If ono trips in the path which they travel In sivgle fic, others are pulled dowa by the fall, and, If one hialts, all the rest must “pause. Continual see cesslang were made to the slave-ganze by the membiers of the caravan, who plundered every village on the route. Fortunately, many made their escnpe, 1408 reckoned that nod 50 per cent of the slaves attached toa caravan arrive at their destination, After each day’a-weary march, which the wonien conclude tootsore anil averbunlencd, they aré compelled to feteh wuter, cook, bulld huts, and volteet flre-woud for thelr wmasters; and they aro espeeinlly tavored if they have thoe, wheil theso services are rendered, to contrive some kind of o shelter for themselves. The 1st of October the caravan arrived at Alvez's settlement in Bihe, Cumeron's store of s for trafllc with the natives was nearly ex- uisusted, but, after a week's delay, he was able to put himeetl en routo agmin fur the coast, ‘The most severe part of his experience in Afrlea was now before htin. Ils course Jay throusgh a mountuinous region very* diillenlt "to traverse, and heavy truins fell almost every nleht. Fool was hard” Lo procure, and mm.uxy a day the men were oblized to travel fusting. The plucky com- mander passes 1ightly over the trials of thiese days; but the meutlon, now and then, of the nevessity of tizhtening bis belt to lessen tho gnawings of hunger, and of his utter prostration when the eveniug's camp was reacl told of the bardships Lo underwent. In the courso of a fow weeka his company completely zave out, und, throwing away tent, bunh Led, overything but Instruments, journnls, and books, he tuok u few picked men, and resolved to make a forced march with themn to the coast, and thenee send back asstetance to the party loft behing, His personsl stock of supplics for the road conslsted of Lalf afowl, o lttle flour, and two yards of cloth, Tho second mornfug ont hewna B0 famlshed that e finlshed thu reinalns of Wis 1 nd then tasted no more ilesh to the jour- L 1lis mentwo or threo times satisfled thelr craving for animal foud by cating the locusts that swarmed near thelr path, Duy by day the party grew weaker, until, when at the end of six o euim days the sca came i view, they were u-um:lf' able to keep their legs, Two men were now dispatelied with a letter from Cameron, begring any charitably-dlsposed per- da little fuod to mect lim on'the rond, They returned at evening, bringing a Lasket ol'wine, bread, tins of mn‘lnna, oud o sausage; but Comeron was by this thne too Bl to cat, although ho had not tasted fowd for twenty-four hours. ‘The bloml had been Nowing from Lits swollen mouth all day, and excruclating pulns were dartlug through bis back and lojns. Beurvy bad attacked him, Induced by low dlet, ‘Ihe next torning he was up before the sun, and, when this last bricf march was nearing the end, he ran down the elope leading to Katom- bela, swinging Dis rifle round lis head, which ‘was almost tirned for joy, Approaching the town, ho sinckened his pace, unfurled the British flag, whieh he had carrted with I ucross the Continent, and watked on In a sultably diguitled manuer, 1o wos met outside the village by o party bringing a couvle of hatn- mocks and buskets of provisions, A jolly-look- Juig little Frenchuman Jumped out of one of the huiminocks, *scized the baskotsmnd fnetantly upened o bottle to drink to tho honor of the first European who had ever succecded In cross- ing tropleal Afriea from cast to west.” A sc- vera flincas followed the arrival of Cameron at Katombela; but, by the 21t of Noveniber, he was able to sct sall for Loandn. Here he stop- Pu\; some time to provide for the return of his men to Zanzibar, and then tookk paasago for Liverpool, aeeiving the 24 of Avpril, 1870, after an nbsence of three vears and four months, In the final chapiors of Wta volume, Lidut, Cameron briclly describes tho geography of that, portion of Afrlea which ho truyersed, and the resent atate of te trade and intereommuniva- tlon,—~concluding the whole Wwith comments upon. the future vrospects of the country, “Wilaves, ivory, beeswax, and India-rubber are now the only articles exported from efther vonst, with thio exception of a small and local trade from tho Eastern littoral in gum-copal and rea(n,” Ivory aund slaves coustitute the greater part of tho trades but, since the export of tho latter from the cast coast has been pro- hibited, the export of India-rubber at tho Zun- xlbur ports has risen’ to the value of £{0,000 aunually, Of thie four great catablished routes into tha intcrior, Licut, Cameron tlduks thut by way of Nataland the Drakensbery is 1kely to pruve ong of the most popular in the futiire. ‘The Nile route, in consequence of the slave-trafile having made the nptlves exvessively susplelous of all strangers, has becowme very unpromising to ex. plorers scoking to penetrataluto the heart of the continent, ‘The interual trude ls principally car- tled en by the slaves of truders, and human be- ings svrve exclusively as beasts of burden, Whou the slave-trado has becn atolished, and the aupplics of fvory becone exbausted,—results which caunot many years bo deluyed,~tho val- nable arzrlwullnml products to whi 1 tho cllmate and soll of Afrlea are adapted wiil sustaln o commerce that may become highly protitable to the worhl, "Ihio tirst effort at sustalning a regular and re- munerutiye trade in the country should be, Inthe oplon of Lieut. Cameron, Lo ‘establish «epots, or statlons, ut stated Intervels atungz u inaly route across the country, With the command of sutllcfent capltal, sich a cha of statlona could comparatively short space of time; be completed from shore toshoro m o and, usivg these 08 busea of operution, tho whols contls ucnt could, with ever-lucreasing facliity, be latd open to conunerce, efvitization, aud Chzlstianity, A well-executed route-map sud 8 muldtude of fing illustrations enhunce the futerest of Lieut, Cameron's narrative, . ey BAGEHOT’S P LITIOAL ESSAYS, THE ENGLISH CONSITITUTION: axp Oruxn Pouiricat auavs, By Waiter Bacxuor, tuorof ** Fhyslcs and Polltics," Editor of the London Economial, “ete, latést lovised Kdi- tion, " 8vo., pp. 408, New York: L. Appleton &Co. Chitago: Hadloy Bros, & Co. Tha recent death of Mr, Walter Bagehot, for many years tho able editor of the London Eeone omiat, recalls to mind the works by which he has wado hiumself & uame, He was one of the fore- wiost political writcrs of the present day, and bhis * English Coustitutlon,” of which the sbove isareprint, i his best production, Inft he treats very fully and clearly of the whole struct- ure and worklug of English political institutlons and soctal life. The Csbluet, the Monarchy, the House of Lords, the House of Commons, and their co-ordinate operations are discusscd at length, and compared with the of the latter are not at all flattering, and no patriotle Aucrican wiil agree with him thata nation must become degraded beforu it can ac- cept Presidential Governwent; but the recent political disturbancos, and the violent unfore- scen strofu to which the Constitution has been subjected, furnish strong, grounds for belief thac our dispasslonate outside observer cau sdequatel sppreciate, The fuct that Afr, Bagehot's critl- oyernweut bag ‘dufucts, which ouly u elams meet with Indignant denlal, shows that they have at least o substratnm of truth, In such a time this hook Is expeclally valuable s lllf In-m‘urihulluu of a trained mind on a difticult subject. Mr. Baze! stis a firn believer in his own coun- try's institations, and s (hurmmhlI\' English in s mades of thought; but ho writes withont the alightcat parsion, analyzes men and manners a3 though he had 1o persoral interest, and his concluslons are, therelore, entitled to great welelt, 1l judzment on the characterof Pres- Identfal Elcctors has alrcady Leen nccepted as trug In this country; and there arc many other auggestions worthy of consideration. The aine. manon of a Cabinet Guvermnent s & unfon of the tegislative and Excentive functjons; and the solidity of English political Inatitutions is nwing lo lfxlu fact. The roverse of this condl- tlon prevails in our country; and tho effect, no- tably In tho case of - President John- rotte has been to seb thu Jcgislative and Exceutlve branches at — war with each other, and thus parniyze both, Mr. florace White, tn a paper rearl Lefore an sssoclation In New York, recently, discussed this question at lenath. Verhaps an imitation of Cabinet Govs crnment in this respeet might not be adylrable, but certainly some improvement in the existing order of things is possible, At the close_of his work Mr, Dagehot adds two essays, on Lord Broughsm and €ir Robert Peel respectively, Both are valuable reviews of the lives and political schicvements of eminent statesmen. 'the stylo is a mudel of clearncas, though devoll of ornament evin to balduess, Allogether, Mr, Bazehot has given the world comething which has justified his living In i3 and his plcture of our Government, though nof flattering, s valuable as enabling us {n a’incas- ure to sce oursclves as otlicrs sce us, ol EINESUR, DISCOVERIES AT EFIIESUS: S1TE AND ReuAIXs oF THE GREAT TEMILE OF Dixxa. Dyd, . Woon, ‘B, 8. A., Fellow of the Ttoyal Inatitute of Tiritish Architects, With Numerous Illustrations from Original Drawings nond Photographs. Doron: damies I Orgoon & foi clsnlcnuo: Jansen, McClurg & Co. Quarlo, Price, $:0, It wos in May, 1563, that, having abtalned a firman from the Turkish Government through the influence of the Trustces of the British Muscum, Mr. Wood began lis excavations at Enhesus In search of the lopu-lost Temple of Diaun, Ilistory describes the splendors of this edifice ns unsurpassed smong the monuments of architecture of every age, but centurics ago its very site disappeared, and many have doubt- ed that it had ever an existence save fn tradl- tion, Full of enthusfasm and determination to <iscover and restore the ruing of the Temple to the knowledge of mankind, Mr. Wood commenced the work of excavatlon at his own expense. The conflicting nccounts of tho situation of the structure given by anclent writers afforded no trustworthy guldanca to the spat whege It stood, end, In eccking its Jocatlon, Mr. Woud could but make uncertain and tenta- tive essays, He adopted the methmid of sinking trial-holes in different parts of the plain formerly oceupled by the city, and, ot the close of the first year, had dug seventy-five of thess with a depth ranging from eight to twenty-five feet. Somo Intereating untlquitics were thus uncarthed; a few pmall statues and Inseriptions were recov- ered; the posttion of sundry Ureck tombs, By- zantine dwellings, and Ilomaon walls ‘was de- elded; and the foundation of the (ireat Gym- uasiun partinlly exploved. A grant of £100 from tho Muscunt furnishicd means for a contln- uance uf the excavations through another year, which was devoted to on exploration of the Odeum, or Lyric "Theatre, In the prosecullon of these researches Mr. Wood camo by chance, 16 another portlon of the city, uvon the debris of a tomh which he believed to ben shinne erected In the third or fuurth century over the remains of St. Luke, The third year was chlefly oceupied with ex- plorutions In'the Great Theatre, aud_in opening soads which eventually led to the discovery ut the Magnestun and Corcssian Gates. Grants INcLUDIRG TiE were ubtalned from the British Muscum as the. work progressed, but it wos not untll May of the year 150l that tho fndefatigable explorer was rewarded for all his labor, anxiety, and trouble, by securing undoubted evidence that Lis excavailons had “reached the peribolus wull surrounding the Temple. On the lost day of 1869 the masble pavement of the bullding was found ata depth of nearly twenty fuet below the surface of the ground. The excavations were continued upon the site ot theTemple for five yeors lupirer, ot the cost of the Dritish Governmont and the Britlah Muscum. The entire sum expended upon the work from first to last was £lU, all but £4,000 belng used fu_excavations within_the E nets of the Temple. A large number of Jocks of sculpture and architecture, with other nnllq_nulcn. conalsting chielly of the remalus of the Temple, were vomprised in the results of thls enterprise. Theso were added to thie col- lectious of tho British Muscum, any duplicates that oceurred bolug glven to the Turkish Gov- ernment. ‘I'he narmative of the discoveries at Ephesus is publishied by Mr. Wood i n superb guarto volume, it {8 embellished with nunerous en- gravings of the ruing which were lald bare, and of the chiet objects of Intervst found in the course of the excavations, —‘Lho J:Inlu showing the Temple of [Mana, and the Tomb of 8t, Luke restorcd by tho archi- teet, are’ especlully beautiful, Several double-page plates exhibit the site of the Tem. rlcu!luppcnrcd at the close of the explora- fons In tho sleux ol 1874, Anappendix to thy voluine contains & selection from the Greck and Lautin iuscriptiuns which were discovercd, with tranalations accompanying the majority of them, It s supcrifuots to stato that the vol- wme {8 most inviting to the student of archiwol. ogy. ARMY-BREVETS. THE HISTORY AND LEGAL ERFECT QF DRE. VETS IN TIE ARMIES 01 GREAT BRITAIN AND TIE UNITED STATES, FROM (HELR ORIGIN TO TilE PRESENT TIME, By Jasss 1, ¥, Colonel and Assistant. Adjutant-General, trovet-Major-tienoral of United Stutes Army, New York: Do Van Nostrand, ¥2mo., pp, 570, A vatuablo contribution to the history of mill tary fnstitutions in Enclond and America hus beon mada by the publieation of this work, which presents in systematic form the facts re- garding tho position and effect of commissions by brevet In the armies of our own and the mothercountry. In England the brevet has becn In existence sinco the time of Willlam tho Third, and cnters largely fnto tho whole system of promotion. In Amerlca, on tho other hand, this kind of wmilitary appointment has now Jost much of fts valuy, having been deprived by lezislation of the privileges and powers attachied to (L by the conmon law milftary. Gen, Fry glves o roview of tho'carly history of brevets in the armles of Furone, particularly In England and France; alter which bo traces thelr reconts (i the American army, from thelr futro- ductlon at the beginning of thy War of the Ruvolution down to tho close of the War of thes Tebeltion. . An nrpundlx tu the velumic cone tafna o reglster ol tho names, rank, ete, of all oflicers of the United States upon whom brevets have been conterred, together with a collection ol notes relative to watters treated in tho body of the work. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF CHEMISTRY. CHEMISTRY: TUX0UETICAL, PUACTICAL, AND ANALYTICAL, A§ APPLIED TO THE ALTH AND Manvractvnes, By Writers of Emlnence, Nua- merous lusteationy, Fhlladelpa: J. U, Lip- pincoit & Cu, o Of this work, which #s being publishedin aerlal form, ‘we have befure us six parts, be- glnnlog with Part X, and concluding with Part XV, Tueycontinug the topics In alphabetical order from * Cement ' to * Dyeing aud Calieo- Printing.” The articles sre many of them of suchlcogth astodescrvethionamo of treatises,— the one last named running through turec vuin. bers, and belng atill ungnished. It s jutended that all of them skinll be c3baustive as well as trustworthy, They aro asccompanied with coplous wood-cuts and rlnto-euxmvmul. which arg exceuted in » superior manuer, Tho work will bu completo in forty partd, ot & cost of 60 ceuts per part. e BOOKS RECEIVED, EATLY HISTOIY OF OMAIA; ou, WaLKS axD TALKS AMOXU THN OLD BETTLERS. Ly Arruxn gougxuox, City Editor of the Omaha Laily Jles. lua-u.md;q Omaba: Olico of the Jally Lse. . 520, ETRAITS OF DISTINGUISHED CHAR- ACTEIS. Ly the ftov. J. T, Busxeg, Milwage ko, Wik, Chicago: C. U, Muward & Co, 13 mo, LORLEY “AND CHBINIARD: By Bruruoil Auruacy, Asfhor of **On the Helghts,* ctc, Bow York! Hourg clolt & Co,_tni Janse McClurg & Gnio., pp. 77, Price, §1. 1 By Mru, Foitkstau, Author of 4 Dis . "'atc. Phladeiphial 3, B. Lippincott Guléago: Janyen, MeClury & ol T2u., rlca, 1. 5 THE WINE- BIBBELS TEMPERANCE SOCIETY, Boston: Lo & Shopard. Chicagot Juuse McCiurg & Co. 10imo., pp. 70. _Price, 7 centf, NORA'S” LOVE-TEST.' A Novxi. By Mauy Cxcin Mav. Author of ~**OId Middiston's Money, " eté. New Vork: llarper & Bros, Chl- cayo: Janses, McClurg & Co. Paper. Price, 60 ceuta. TUE PROCESS, TESTIMONY, AND OPENING ARGUMENT OF THE PROSECUTION. VOTE, AND FINAL MINUTE, IN THK JUDICIAL ‘CRIAL OF THE REV. W. O. UNE, BY ., McCUN THE PRESBYTRIY OF CINCINNATL ' Clu- — e e e - MeClar, OLIVIA TEAlL Phtladeiphias Hadley Tiroy, LITERATURE, nerx, Ien 1y 11, RIMENS, ted b ICAL GEDGRAPIIY, , . A., Anthor of *'The Classical Girogeanhy of (ireece,” 18mio., pp. 127, PHILOLOGY, Ity Joux Priny, A. M. 18mo., pp. 164, New York: D. Appleton & Co, Uhicago: Janren, o D and . McClnre & o, Price, o) eenta, INRIGATION FOR TR FARM, GARDEN, ORCHAND, By Jirxny Brewanr, Cinl Mining Engincer, etc. With X tfous,” New York: Orange dnidd & Chiczo: inaeny Steclurg & Co. "32mo., Pp.264." Price, THERAPEUTIO USE OF FARADAIC AND GAL- VANIC CURRENTS IN THE ELECTRO- THERMAL BATI: WiTn flistorr or Casrs. . By Jdusniy Hayes, 3. D, Chicago: Jdansen, McCineg & Co. 12mo., pp. 112 Price, 8125, —_— I'ERIODICALS RECEIVED, ONS' JOURNAL for May (D, Applefon & cw York), Contenta: Frontlepicee. - 1o poem ** Barbara,'* by Alfsed Fred- The Auetrlan Arctle Iixpedition: In'Twn Part11,—Tho Second Winter in_the Iee, and the Retaen Home' (with ten lilustzationss, by A, IL Guernsey; ¢ Barha A Pocmy, by b ety Ripe! ovel, Clinptera + XVII,, XVIlL, and XIN., by the Anthior of “<Comin' Thro' the llye:™ *¢Reller 1, " a Khort Story, complete, of Earty Virginja Colonfal Life, by Conetance Fenimore Woolsony »Fronch’ Efiquotie: 1, —Maerylng In Franced 1L.=The Etiquelte of Visting, etc., in Farin,* by Lucy il, Hoopers “*A Suring NHefrain,” a Yoem, by John Morans ** About Gatdens snd Gardenhig: 1.—The Country Gardent 1. —~City Gardens, " by Ella Todman Church; ** Hadsonia, ashort Pouin,” by K. 8, .3 ' The Tower of ) APTLE, Co. Percomont,” & Nove), by Gieorge Sand (conclnd- inz chapters); **The $alking-Fern: a Short Btory of_ Amerlean Life, In Foil ters Cotne pieti ™ by Matlldn Jonign Gege: s Gotng Home, a Bohenilan Nong, '2 It H. Stoddard; **The Great Whita Wall} & Sketch of_tho Enzlish Houth Coart. 1.—Fog; 11, —Surf: J1I,—Shingle; 1V.—Chalk: Vi—Upsand Downe: VI-Life," by Julian Hawthornes **Jtnasian Dirsent, flere- 17, i Schiam, u Paper on the, Gurlgue ltligloan calthy Prevalent in, Rusala. ™ by George Cory y Eggleston: . **The Btory of s Dus; oman's 1t from v« Antoblography of Hawelet Mar. M wici ‘*ilana and tineau," Yy George Yeitz," & “flamorous” 1 ‘Adl;ni' **Editor's ‘'able; Joks. SCRIBNER'S MONTHLY for May (Scrilner & Co., New York). Contenta: - **Deils and Ta< blew, Stoola und Candlesticks: Eleventh paper, Tlean nnd Remonstranices,” by Clarence Cooks sl Colleo;™ **ihiat Luey ‘o Lowric's, " Chaplers by, Frances lodgsin Burnet i) up-Ciip, ™ by Sudniey Lanfer: +*Sca.Tront Fivhing,” by A. It Macqonuughs “*Agamemnon's Tomb," hy Emma Lazaraa: +*Nicholav Mintara,' chapters X111—XV,, by J.°G, Holland; **About” Greeee dud the Greck Muxcums, " by John Arbuckle: ** lieminlacences of Washington, from Unpublished Vamlly Itec. ords," by” A L. Bassett; **Eamersida,” by Frances flodgson Tinrnett; '*A Carcanct," by Thichasd Henry Stoddard: Londun Adveu- [ by Juhin Burroughe; Cillage fmprove meut Socicties," by Georre . Warits, **Tapica of the Thne:" **Tho Old Cabinet +¢+ Home und Societys” *¢Culture and Progresss SThe Wurld's Worky" St Brie-a-Brac.' Tho Jumuce ls, 1e el profuscly lustiated. ATLAXTIC MONTILY sar May (M, O, louzhton & Co., New York), Contenta: **Urude and Ci rfone Tnventione at the Centennial Exhibition, 1., by Edward IL Kalght? ** iiymn of the Dun ©orh: “Kioster Kedor, Ephrata, Penmiyivan 1788, by Jolin Greenfeaf Whittiers **The Am dean, v XX ct foem, by C. P “+Natices of New Vo~ e Stirr Vi, XXVL, by Henty James,J A Tiritish " Dficer in_Boston i1 1 1 “*Ulrolamo Tetto 1L Florenting, W Story; **'I'he May-DPole of Merrymount: I,—May- Day, 1627, ay, 1037 by Glarles Franls Adutin, Jr. ¢ b ing Miracles, ™ 2zabetn (8 en i O N Teind. By Harah T DATAiRA: 3 ¢ the May-Flower. Ly Edmand C. Rted- Liteand Work of the Rastern Farmuer, " y rge E. Warlng, U (s Georgo Yarsons Lathrop; **Cs by Heney Wadsworth Longfetlows *7 ner Muslc.Dramn, * by ‘llenry ¥ Flack: ¢*1 Contribators Cluby, *itoguat - Literaturo: 54 ** Education, i, LIPPINCOTT'S MAUAZINE foray (7, T, Lip- incott & Co,, Philadclphial, Conlenta: **Down e e Ithine, ' by Lady filanche Marphy: **In the Valicys of Peru:" ongingd,'" by Charics Do Kay;" **The Abbeas of Ischia,'’ a story, by Rovert A, McLeod; ** Parlna, b-Lifo," & rketch, by €. 11 llarding: **'The Cholce,™ by Mary I odge: ‘* A Supenlalt; of Noughtiness, o lovo ators, by . Edwai lchlumyt *+'Somo Notes Anent Schllemann, " by Clisuneey Itickos: s+ Sprln * (after a pictire by A, Cot), ‘transinted trom the Freneh of Francois Coppee by Emma Lazaros; *¢A Queen of Bur- Tenquo, v a aiurys ¢ and Jsurial-Places, " by Walter Mitcnelis uls of Lowsle, ™ by Geurge Macdonal "aye, " by J. rander Matthows: ** April Days,** by Skipwlih n'. l«fmln;:: *: Our Monthly Gomipi®* **Literature of the Day, CATHOLIU WORLD for May, (Catholic Publica. tion llounc, ew York Contents: _**The Prusslan Chancellor''s ** Veronl: ‘Dante’s Purzatorfo’ (poctry); ‘*six Bunny Monthn's o AL lowers" ipoctry)i **The 1 Lepers of ‘racadl **Testimony of the Catacombe®: ' Two Moy Carols" (poctry): ** Let of a Youny Irixliwoman to Her Sister™; L? the Nale™'y s*May ' tpoerry); *¢''ho French Clergy dnring Franca 'y ¢ De Vera's Late War i r the ')Inn;_'rudn iy ¢UNanette '3 ¥ New Publicas tianse. UARPER'S MONTIILY for May (Harper & Iiros., Now York), Among tho noticeablo artictes in this number are: *'Qur iliar Bleds:™ **On tho Ulsk:™ ‘slsrafle; ™ **At tho Gateway of the **An_Old Gentleman's Rovela- olomon Ttoddy's Courtship,"” und **Kllen Hartwin, 8chooimaa: ‘Tuere are addifional fustallments of the scrinle, tie usual uanilis of puciry, and plenty of cngravings, BT, NICHOLAS tor May (Scriuner & Co., New York), Among thu contributors to this number aroJobn U, Whittier, Frank It. stockton, J. T ‘Trowbeldge, Donald G. Mltchell, Ellzaieth Btuart Pnoips, Lucy Larcom, Amnnda U, llare He, Hxlm.-{ lanler, “Saxe Jolm, Edgar Fawcett, J. G, Nolland, Cella Thaxter, sud ftickard A. Proctor, Thero ore mors than seventy Wsstras tlone, Ll'lel‘l’.l '8 LIVING AQE--Current numbers (Littell & Qay, Boston). ATIHENEUM for May (Sprinzfeld, 11}, THE PORTFOLIO. The chlef article {u the April Lortfulio i3 Prof. Colvin's chapter.on Alvert Durer, The present Installment Js dovoted principally to o conslueration of tho influcnce upon the youug German artlat of Mantegna, the Italtau cu- graver, who was forly years the senlor of Durer, Mr, Hamerton furnishes an interesting account of the carcer of Willlam Wyld, tho author of “Bketchies in Italy,” and an artist of siznal ability, Ilealso contsibutes o briet descrlption of a portralt by Reynolds in the Altborp Qal. lery. The pictorial contents of tho number clude au ctehing by Fleming after Reynolds portrait of Laviula Dingham, afterwards Count- ves Bpencer; u hellogravurs of o porirait-pring by Mantegna, of which only onu impression 13 knuwwn,—that bought by the Hrltish Museun fifteon years ago. This 13 one of the carlicst ol o)) portrait-cogravings, and rcimmm- Ludo- vleo (Jonzaga, thira Marquls of Mantus, and his wifo Barbura, daughter of the Elector of Bran- dunburg. Other tlustiations are o Lellograr vure of n portrait by Durer; and an ctebivg of astrect in Milan by Bruuet-Desbabcs, FAMILIAR TALK, GOBELIN TAPESTRIFS, The manulacture of woven tapestrics was in- troeaduced futo France by theSurucens during the timo of Charles Martel. After the greal body of the Saracen lnyaudens hnd been couquered by this leader of the French, lo tho years 733 and ', sl cleprived of thelr wequisitions north of the Pyrences, o few of therace still remained in the country, and were allowed to practice in peace the industries ol arts with which they were sequainted, In 840 anumberof tapestrics, probably of thelr mavufacture, werce used in the embellishment of the Chureh of 8t. Augeline at Auxerre. A factory was founded at Poltiers fu 102, wnd for several centurles there wero similar cstablishments at Rleims, Troycs, Beauvols, Aubusson, aud other cities in France, In 1450, Jehan Gobelin, o wative of Hhcims, established a factory on the bauks of the Bicrra River in Porls. The bulidings which he reared were rude and uusightly, though exteasive, tion and the wholo cuterprise was ulcke namea by the people “*Gobelln's Fol- 1y, The proprictor was & skilled workman, however, and Wis products were fu great demand, For obout a ventury the Gobellns maintatned the reputation ot their factory, acqulring especlal fame for the beauty of theirdyes. The “scarlet” ol the Gobelins was a volor of uvrivaled brilllancy, which they slonu knew thosceret of producing. After the Goubeling bad acquired sulliclent wealth to aban- don business, thelr fuctory was carrled on by Canaye, w rofative of the fawily by aarriage, A part of ths buuumf. werg sold " by Caunaye o Jean Gluck, of Holl , who felly sustaiued tuo prosperity of the establistunent. 11 tho reigu of Louls X1V., ot the lnggclflnn of Colbert, the saguc] Minster of Fiuance, the Golelius was bought by the Government, in whose possessionlt hasbeeneversines, Jtstlllre- tulng [ty original situation inthe Rue Moufletard, Fauvoury 8t. Marcel] aud Its tiverows of two- storicd buildings, with qualut, frregular foofs aud gabled frouts, bave “uudenzone very littla chsuge lu thelr appearunce. .’}hu littly River Blerre, to whose waters the superiority of the wgearlut of the Gobelius* was sald to be owlug, has now wholly lost its character of a Uviug mulu? by being walled (o with stoncs snd shui- up slulees. Privr o its purchase of the Gobello eatablishe tapestry fa:tory sltnated at { dated barkits orluin to the yenr 13t when Franzis L. granted Jetters paterit to a manulac- tory of earpets located at Fontaleblen, The King woe a generons patron of the Institutin, and'its conditlon was tlourishing thrunghout his relgn, 1t lanzuished during the Wars of the League. but In Kinz Jienry the Fourth's thne resumed its carly v. Ju was trans- ferred to the Louvee nnder Ieury's adminfatra- tlon, but fn 1015 waa removed to Chaillot, and there recefved the nanie of La Savonunerie, (rom the fact of its ocpsing & bullding. presiously used a8 0 manufactory of scap, ‘The Gobeling and the Savonneric were earrled on separately by the Government until the year 1326, when tho works at Chatllot were removed (o the first floor of the Gubelln buildings, About 120 workmen, or sriisia as they sro more properly ealied, are cimployed fn” the manufactory, at salaries rangine from 1,50 to 2,500 franck a vear. They are engaged eight hours a dav; and yet 5o sl §s the vrocess pur- sucd that each artist completes on an avcrago ouly one yard and a qusrter of the tapestey an- nually. It is sakd that, In the past century and n quarter, Jess than 200 pleces have been tany- Mactured. Rince 1791 none have been sold, the yrmlutts of the looma belng mostly used by the Freneh Governinent as ifts to forclen Courte, An aeeount of the lengrth of time cmplayed in thelr manufacture, and also hecauss of their high artistic character. the Gobelintapestriesare very costly, Eome pleces, which have required fivé or ten years to finish, are valued at #50,000 and 840,000, The lArgert work of the kind ever roduced was the carpet nisnufactured at the vounerie for the gallery of the Louvre. It consiats of ecventy-two pleces, having a total length of above 1,500 feet, ‘The Gobelins Is under the charge of an Art- Dircctor, and has attached to It a’school of de- len for the Instruction of the workmen. The fullowlng s a Hat of the successive Dircctors ? Inted by the Government duritg the last 2i)) years. Jt is taken from the Philadeiphia Jhay, to which we are Indcbtea for a portion of the facts already vited: 10811600 +1000~1605 16590—1700 17081 Hesides the Director there is a chiel of the studlos, who I8 o deslgner, and also n supcrin- tendent of the weavers. In 1504 the French (overnment decreed that all the pletures by native palnters which obtalned the spproval of the Jury ot Arts, and afterward receiveld noe tional awards, should Lo exceuted m Gobelln tapestry. Al works which are thus reproduced are so exactly fmitated in color und sorm that tho copies rival the originals as creations of art, (At the exbibition ut the Crystal Palace In New York In 1858, two Gobelin” tapestrics were displayed. The = Jarger plece, representing *Chase and Dead Nature," was valued at 12,000 francs: and the smaller one, called ** Aututnn,™ was valucd at 8,000 france, A number of tapes- tries were contributed to the Centennial from the Gobiclins, and from the Royal factory at Beauvals, and the private estabilshment’ at Aubusson. TIHF, SCOTCII NATURALIST, The publication of the Nfe of *Thomas Ed- ward, the Scoteh Naturalist,” has resulted in seeuring a long-delayed recognition of his serv- fces in thoafd of Belence. He bas been placed by the Queen on the Civil List, and thus has an ussured income for hils support for the remaln- derof s life. This will cnable him to con- tinue his eager pursultafter the * aulil beastles' 80 long as his strength will permit of ft. On the evening of March 21, the eitlzens of Aber. deen presented him publicly, through their Lord-Provost, with an olive-wood casket cun- talning 333 gutneas, Mr. Edward thanked the donors in & short speech, spokenin broad Dorle, and delivered with perfect simplicity, The sudden celebrity which has come upon him by the Fuhliunllau of his biography has not turted the head of the humble shoeuker. He is too maely o man to be hurt by fame. As ho bas borne poverty, privation, and disappolntinent through man; { long years, 8o will he now endure tho fayors anil smiles of fortune. It is nearly thirty-one years since Edward took his beautiful collection of preserved epecl- mens, numberiug above 2,000, to Aberdeen, In the hope that he might realize a suflleient sum from thelr exbibition to enter upon somo busi- ness which would arlow him more lelsure to study Nature, ‘The terrible disappointment of his hupes drove him into 8 state of despair that nearly ended in his suleide. Edward made no allusfou to the manner fu which Lo bad been re- celved fn Aberdecn fu the sumnmer of 1846, when accepting the gift of the ‘*bit boxie™ ua e called ity by which the subscribers undouvtedly weant to make some little reparation for thef neggleet in years past. ART GOSSII" The Marine Picture Gallery in New Bond street, London, has been Jately reopenced witha number of new pictures by Danlsh artists. Lauritz Holst, at une thno a resident of Chlcas o s mentioned ns umong the contributors to the coll¢etion, who exhiblt works deserving par- ticular notiee, Tho carlicst Netherlandlsh engraving known was discovered in 1859, by M. Alvin, In the Royal Llhrur,Y at Hrussels, It represents tho arms of Charlcs the Buld, Duke of nummnl{; and was exccuted between 1467 and 1472, It attributed by Harzen aud Renouvier to the mnas- ter E. B, of Mid, work of the artist who favented the grotesque alpliabet which has been with fusutlicleut reason attributed to K, 8. A LTENARIAN, Lady Smith, the widow of &ir James Edward Binltly, the celebratea botanist, and first Prest dent of the Londun Liunxan Nodcety, died at Lowestoft on the 3d of February, Ske was ‘bora May 11, 1773, and, had she survived three months louger, would have been 104 years old. Up to her 100Lh year s wrote with u plain, firm hand; but after that her oyesight was not sufilciently clear to ensule her to read or puide ber pen. Her hearing was to the last but slightly impaired, and her teeth wese nearly perfect. Her memory bad suffered but liitte from the wear of age, and ker enjoyment of e extended to s very cluse. SPARKS OF BCIENCE. YLORA ROUND ABOUT CHICAGO, Tux PARsLEY FaMiLy {Umbeilfens)~1u tho first week ot April the lovely little Erigenia bulbosa was in blossoin In the beech-woods In our latltude, It sends up its tiny shoots, and unfolds its tinler petals, in advance of the lepatica, und Is fuirly entitled to the stirctlve name of the Harbinger of Spring,” Whena flush of green, replucing the last lingering patchies of snow, has Just begun Lo tinge the brown carpet lylng under tho trecs, this dimfuue tive plant may be dlscovered in the rveglons where it grows, pushing fts swnall spears above tha mold, and plercing with thelr needle-like points the Wlauket of dried herboge spread over thusurface. In {ts eagerness to mount up to the light and **climb to a suul™ in follage pud flowers, {ts stems cut n way dircetly through the crust of dead leaves vesting upon them, and, reaching the sunlight, expand their umbels and unfold thele leaves ' In silent sutlsfaction. Wo may belleve the heart of tho plant 18 glad, and fta whole belng thrills with tho movement of accclerated currents, when the alm of {ts existeuco s galued, and it may conceatrato all its forces fo the work of re- vroduction. 1t tiuely-diyided leaves aud min- fature blossoms necd a sharp oye todetect them, "thereare few mewabers of tho vegetable king- doms of lcss pretension. Its modusty surpasies cven that of the Violet;nevertheless, It Is great- 1y endeared to the Jover of wild tlowers, for the sako of Its own humble charm, and becausc it Jeads the long train of varied and brilllaut blos- somss that, through the sumuier wud fsrluto autuiua, uululnfly have uu(hlns; todobut “per- fuwe tho alr and pulnt the laud.? ‘Thoe Lrige jenia 18 not wentioned as belonging to the ora within tho uear viclnity of Clilcavo; but, when wa kuow it bas daréd toleave its warm wintercover, we wmay be contident that the time bas come to resue our wanderings in ficlds aud forests fn quest of the sweet, Jelicate Brestllugs of the geatic sprine. Not befure May can we look for speciniens of the Umbeliferm round about our uity. Then, it the woods st Riverside aud Hinsdale, the Sweet. Cleely (Usmnorrhiza lwwklfhu) will be abundaut; and, lu the same places fu Riverside asd Calu- wet, the Chervil (Charsphyllum procusnbau) wa be gathered. ‘The Brat of thess f3 l,umc:lu y Lruucbing berb, growiug about three feet bigh, sod bealgu 4 teraately-compound leayna wit but M. Alviu thinks It the, umhels of white flowers. The acconit [2 & low’, slender plant, ristng ooly a few fuches from the ground, aud having whiie llowers and the usual compound foliace. In dune the lucky batanfst will add to his col- Tection made along the river-baniz at liverside or at Mendota, the golden flowers of the Thas- pinm trgoliatum. The T. aurenmn 1s common everviwhere, In the rame month the Water- Penuy-Royal (Mydocotyle umbelinta) bezing to o{»cn its “nmbels on the shores of Clear and Muckshaw Lakes, at Lsoorte, and theresfler continues in hloom all summer, The Iomewort (Cryptoteenia Canademis), in the thickets nt Riv- ershide and Calumet, now eniers pon Its season of flowering; as aleo does the Sanicle or Black Enakewort (Sanlele anadensis), a cominon epe- cles, ‘The A. Marlandica Is’ more rare, hut has been found near the North Draich of Chica- go River. The Cow-Patenip (Meraclinm landiym) {s in bloom, too, at Riverelde and Calumet: th the Zisla Interregninm nt Glencoe ana Hyde Park, July Lrings into blossom, at Hyde Park and southward, the Erynzo sl:':'yu,'/n'um aucenfolium) whose righl, grass-like leaves make it & marke: specles, Tho Water-Parsnlp (Suim linears) 18 rare in our nefghhorhood, hut has heen gather- ed west of the Despluines at Riverside; and the Eulophus Americanus In the tame loenlity. 1o Auzustwe have the Cowbane SA rehemorn: nl"/:dn), @ Mout plant growing In the onen felds at Calumet; and “the Water-llemlock }!}Imm bndifern in the swamps near Plne Btation, oa the Southern Michizan Railrond. These cleven specira of & famlly numbering ?:Earl 1,500 n[e }:,Il lklnll. Im-u" been nuler'llh,‘ul llll’e logue of tha Chlcago flora, compiles Frof. IL. i, Babeock, Th " smbelieyers Pr! chicfly uatives of the northern portions of the northern continents. They are rare In troplcal countrics, except at considerable elevations. Thus, in indla, hey are alinost unknown on the plaing, but are abundant on the mountains of tie Hilmalaga. The group is casily distinyuishod from all otners, as it is almost entirely freo from deviations from the tepleal structure. Jts members arc al!. herbs, with fluwers in winhels, s0 called froin their stems radiating from acom- mon centre like the stretehers of an umbrelja. They generally liave hollow stalks and divided leaves, sheathing at thé base. The petals sre five, and usually smalli and the stamens namn- ber five, and the platils two, Without dificulty the student will recognize an Umbelliter by these characteristics: Lut, until hie hns had o good deal of practice, he will have trouble to classify n strange species. Tho parts of the flowers are so minute that the ald of a magnitying-glass is required to distinguish them, aud then it Is often very puzzling to. de- clde between species showlng extremely lttle diversity. There arc Umbclliters, however, which way be known at a glance: ns the Holux gletarla, of Chill, which grows In tufts said to resemble hayatacks; and the Leucolena rotundi- Jolla, which hoa three large white leaflets sur- rounding the flowers. One portlon of the rnmflf secrete an aerld Juice, which forims a moss or leas active polson} auother portion secrete a resinous, milky sub- stance, wideh renders them valuable as stimu- lants; a thind portion scerete an aromatle oil, which eonverts them into carminatives or pleas- ant condiments: while atfll o fourth class, in the absence of any strony principle, are usceful ceculents, Among these fast we may name Celery, which fs a natlve of England ind the Cuntlnents of Asla and Europe, aud In its wild ststc is a coarse, rank-smelling plant; Samphire, a herb growine near salt waters, and greatly esteemed nea salad and a plekled the Carrot, the Parsnip, and Parsley, which are Indigenous Europe, In-the thind class are found the Caraway, Fenuel, Aulse, Dill, and Corfun- der, Among the gum-realnous specfesare thuse ylelding nsafetida. This drug is the -dried, inflky futce of several apecies of Ferula growe Ing in "Persla and nelghboring countries. It flows from the root, the top of which s uncov- cred and s thin slice cut off, while the lower portion remains in the und, The Thapsla allords a shnilar drug, which enjoyed a high re- pute among the anclents for Its supposed medi- cinal qualitics, The fetld gumn, Galbanum, is obtained from Umbellifers growing in Persla and 8yrla, Becretluns of a like character, In use in medicine, are produced by various other members of the family. X The most volsonous of the umbelllferous plants Is the Conlum, or Iemlock; the Cleuta, or Cowbane, is unly less virulent In its action; while a number of ‘specices secrete Intheir leaves or roots an acrld priuciple which occaalons nau- :cai lufidune, vomiting, convulsious, aud tlnal- y death. The tlowers of the Umbelifere ure favorably constructed for fesilization by Inserts. They grow In flat heads, uniting a Inrge number fn a compact_clreley and the honev s secreted by each on the flat disk inclosed by the five petals. No family, says 8r John Lubbock, are more fre- quunll)\v‘ulled Ly Incects than this st the L'vm{maua. 11, Muller has observed 118 different specles of insects sucking honey from the disksof the Jleracieurn, 104 from those of the Argop- dium, seventy-three from the Wild Chiervil, and sixty-one froin the Carrot, Out_of 100 josects visiting the last-uamed plang, Herr Muller has noted that thirteen are bees, threo are buttertiies ormoths, thirty-oncare flis, sud fifty-two belons tootherorders. With cuch o multitude u{\rlum-\E things futtering from slower toflower, and plant. to plant, the Umbellifers are sure to secure the benetits of cross-fertilizution. v the Fditor of The Tribune. Hiontanp Pank, I, April 18.—<The articles on the “Flora Bound About Cbivago,” pub- lshed in Tie SATCRDAY TRIBUNE last scasun, were of much Interest to those studying our local flora, Aud it would be well {f any Intercat then awakened could be kept up by a contlnus tion of the artivies veferred to, In the schools of Chicagoand vicinity, many classes ars now studyinz Botany, Tne teachers of such classes, and n’nhm futerested, mignt do much towurd furnishing waterilul for a catalozue of our native plants. lpgru-e the following to our teachers und K botanlsts, provided little space In the Sclence Departinent of ‘Tue Saturpay Tumune should be given for the purpose: Each week send o list of the plants collected, or observed In flower, durfinge the previous week,—giving bothh comunon and scientitic names. In this way we shall get o ure or less complete catalogus of the plaits of several lucalities, with tho date of fluwerings and, without doubt, sdd several names tothe Nt now gencrally known to grow “round abaut Chicagra.” The following plants have fluwered {n this place up to date,~thie Hepatiens beng first to- ticed Aurit 7, viz.: lepatica scutlloba, Hepa- ticu; Banguluaria Caundensis, uloodmfi:th W, A BIRD-STORY, In the many long years that ‘Thomas Edwanl spent i {nthmate fellowabip with antmate na- ture, he was » witness of maunifold curfous inci- dents happening fu tho history of birds aud beasts, which bo parrates in o spirited nud plet- uresquo mapucr, Among such anccdotes whiclr Ar. Bindles has introdueed Into Edwand's blog- raphy, ovo of thy most fntereating s thut Nlus. truting the surprising degree of tfeeling which the tern fs capable of entertaining. Edward was, oue afternoon in August, walching the evolu- tions of a flock of theso binie, which were cn- goged In fishlog jntho Firth of Boyndle. He was secking an opportuntty to bag one of the beautiful creatures, when, as if In answer to Lis deaire, a noble specimen directed Its course to the shiore, fishing sl tho wayas it came, in the midat of a vivid description of the habits of tho bind in tke pursuit of its prey; Edward relatca: Once moro ho sosrsaloft on lvely wing: having attainod a certaln vlevation, sud hov Kesteelelike, for a Hutle, with' quick- atrokes of bl pinions he fapidly descends, however, his hoped-for victim und bo buunds awsy in an obligue direction, S:. senbing @ beautiful curve £a herises without touch- ing the water. Shoitly after, he wings i o nd uearer to the beach; unward he vauces with zigzay flght, when suddenly, a struck down wilh an unscen band, ho drops into the water within mbout thirly yurds of the place where 1 am stauding, As righted and sat_on the bosom of the deep, 1 was euabled distinctly 1o percolve that by Leld in hin Lill & Nitle” scaly captive, which he had shatched from {is hume, snd which stiuggied vio. Iently 10 regain dis liberty, 1ts struggies were tn vatug o fow squeszes from tho mandibles of the bird put au ead to iis exivicnce. belug now within wy reach, 1 stood prevated for the toment whcn he should agatn arlse. Thi ho did #0 voon as the tivh was dispatcli snd he canie d with a bruken wing, screaming #s ha rell Into ihe waler. 'The Feport of the gun, together with hils cries, brought together tho party Uuhadlels, thul they uiphitasceriaiu thc cause of tho slacw. After surveylug their wounded brother round wad, as be wes driftng unwitiingly toward theshore with the fuwlag tide, they caiie fying in » Lody tothe spos where §stoud, and teut 00 air witl Lhelr screaiws, ‘Theso they continucd 10 utter, Fegurdicus of theic own udividual safety, until | beguu b0 make Pn-puuumu for seceiviug (ho approaching bird. 1 cuuld already uee that it wad & buautiful wpecineu; aud 1 expected lns fow pioinents 10 bave it fu my possesslon, belug uot very far from tho water's edge. While inatters wes in thispositlon, T beheld, to wy utter astoulshinicut sud wurprise, two of the uswounded terus take bold of tuclr disabled *comrade, une at each wing, Nt blm out of the watcr, 80d bear biw ot scaward. They weze fol- Jawed by two other Lirds. After befng catried about wix or seven yards, hu was let geutly dowa again, when he wie taken up I & simllar manger Ly tho two who bad been bituerto fnactive. In 15is way they contlnued Lo carey bl slternately, untll they bsd coureyed bin Lo 8 ruck st » cous alderable distauce, upos which they land. ed bhim in salety. Uaving sccosered nsy welf-posscealon, § wade toward the rock, wish- iug to ublaln the prigo which bad been so uncerys wonlously snatehied frqu wy grsp. 1 was ob- served. Lowyver, by tae teriae; and, fuatead of four, T had Inla short time n whole swarm abont me. Onmy near ugprolrh tothe rock, I onee more beheld two of them take hold of the wound- e bird as they hind done already, and besar him ont to sca in ~triamph, far Leyond my reach. This, had I bean #o inclined, I' conld no donbt liavoprevented, U'nder the circumatances, howerer, my feelings wonld not permit me: and I willingly = allowed them to perform without molestation an nct of merey, and to exhibit an Instance of afec- tlon which’ man Rimeelf need not b a<hamed to Imitate. 7 wae, indeed, rejoiced at the dlsap. . pointment which ticy had nccanloned, for they had . hereby rendered me the switness of & rcene which 1 conld rcarcely have helleved, and which no leogth of time will eface from my recollection. o THE MISTLETOE. The Ameriean Journal of Science and Arfa con: tains anote on tho destruction of forest-trees in the Bouth by the American mlistlctoo (Phore. dendron flarescens). This varasitc particularly ; - aflects the elm and the black-walnut. As sbon s iLhas fixed ftself upon a branch, the outer extremities of the latter ceass to grow, and finally die. The {irco soon presents a clubby appearance, and Its distolution speedily . ¢ follows. As ncasc In point, {t is stated that, o few yoses ago, & grove of black-walnuta cast of the ‘City of Loulsville was In o thrifty and. tuxurfant condition. The mistletos (nfected the trece, and Llicy how arc fast unfrw:hlng' destruction. The ravazes of this plant must be taken Into account by thosc interested fn arbort. cuiture in the regions where it grows. & TICKEREL AND FROG. A writer In Forest ard Stream states tha?, while fizhing In a pond a few years ago, he saw a plekerel of about a pound welght lcapout of the water near the bank, toward which {ts head w; polnted, A fow moments alter, hiearing a grocs . outery from a frog, he looked agaln toward the spot, and eaw what appeared to be the s pickerel, with his whots length out of water o the bank, and a frog {n his mouth. The fros’ sereamed lunll‘y. but the fish fiipped back Into the water with {ts prize, off which It probanly made o luscious meal. “The observer supposes that the pickerel made the first leap out of the water to discover the exsct position of the frog, and at the accond jump made sure to reach and capture It. INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS. The Phystanthus albens has been added to the 115t of plants which captureand destroy fusects. It {3 not yer known that the plant benefit Inany wn{ from the curious habit, but It catches and Kills Inscets as larze ag the humble-bee and the noctaa-gamma maoth. et VTENS OF INTEREST. Never quit certalnty for hope. Now {s the scason for palnting, Chapin’s original cheap Look-liouse. Onc story §8 grood untll another is told, e thnt lends to all shows gool-will but )it tle sense. P, W. Gates, Sons & Co. are bullding stamp- mills and macbinery for the Black Hills, Tho volume of trade, thus farthis season, has surpassed that of uny previous year, ‘The Italians do nat say the author of a dic- tlonary, but a compller; and that appellation {a the triest. . The systematic workings o the 'Ambent com- blustlon of files, binders, and_ cases, niaked of- fice-work easy. Cameron, Amberg & Co. The Athenfans crected a large statuc of ZEsop, and placed hin, though o slave, on a lasting pedestal, to show that the way to honor lies open Inaifferently to all, We notlee_in the fire-Insurance charts for 1877 that o Chicago cotnpany, the ** Ame R recelved more cash for premiums durlng the year 1876 than any other company doing busi- ness in the State. The recelpts of the American do not Include Inatallment note. We append um?mcm tigures of tho sixtecn leading com- panes : - !\mevlun. Chicago, 111 1{]4'05 Hartford, Conn, ) New Yark, N, riford, Hariford, jirt Con Hockford, Jteckford, TH Itoyul Canadian, Mogtrenl, Laderwriters, Now Phantx, New York, N. Phauix, Hartford, Conn, Insurance Co. of N, A, Pbil Flre Awroclation, Philadetphl Agricuitoral, Watortown, N Lycoming, Muncle, Pa Traders', Chicazgo Western' Avsuranice, Te Coutinental, New Yark, N, When it {s consldured that ots of the Amerlean are not swelled by writiog Jurge llnes an special hazards at high rates, sud that all thelr business fa on $arm property, private dwellings, and barps and thelr contents, houses, aml churches, the showlug Is Temurksble one, ————— PLEA TO SCIENCE. ' "0 Sclence, reaching backward through the d tance, Most carnest child of God, Ex!nnhu: all the wecreta of existence With thy divining rod, 1 bl thee apeed upto Lie helghts supernsl, Clear thinker, ne'or suficed— Qo seck and flnd the laws and truths eternal, But lesve we Christ, Upon the vanity of plous sages L tho Neht af day Break down the superstitions of all ages— Thrust bigotry nwll{‘ Steide on. and bid all stubborn foes deflance; 4 Sruth nud seanon reign: Dut { bescech thee, O lumorial Sclencel Let Clielat reuinin, What can'st thou give to help me boar my crosses, In place of Hlm, my Lordy And what o recompeiise for a1t my losacs, And bring ine aweel rewardy Thou conld'st not with thy culd, cleat eyes of rea- Tho cauli'st not comfort me, Like ony who passcd through that tear-bLlotted season In sad Gethsemano, Through all the weary, wearing hoars of sorrow What word (hat tbou hast safd Would mske me strong 1o Wait for some to-mor- row Whanp I should find my dead? Whent § am wesk, aod desolato and lonely, Aud prono to follow wrong, Not thud, U Scieuce 1—Christ, my Savior, only Lo miako we stroug, Thou art #0 cald, 30 lofty, and no distant, ‘hough great iny necd m} 3 No prayer, however constani and persiatent, Could brinyg thee down to nie, Christ stands su near, 1o help me throngh esch hunz, o'golgfiuu medsybydare ciciice, aweeping il before thy power, Laave Chrlar, | pray. PR WiezLzs, ——— IDEAL'S DREAM. Threo wanderers mbt at bresk of day, And bere is what the first did eay; Prou acenes of Iife 1 acornfu} fled, ‘Ta hold communion with (he desd *Midst rulne of a bygono sya Kvuke the hera and tha saves From Preseot tinios, debased and waak .Tturn. and in tho Paat I scel "Prua greatnoss uf the human mind, 1deal's dream dn dust to 8ad | The first d!d end his dolefal Iny: ear what $ho second had 1o say: 1, 100, shun mortal's guilt-stamped face, And Ay to Nature's puro embrace; In tempeat's roar ar peaceful calu, Her breath to me {v soothing bajm} 8 She secus the reflex but Lo ine ;:l 'tl{iylnwn hleln‘l 's mymrr‘: {ned, atute's loving aria entwin 1deal’s dream at Jast 11 nd, - ‘Up rose the sun from mist; y— Then spoke the third and -’ufl:u away: Farwelll' For | niy steps mual wend Tu yonder cu{ there to blend Il With mililon lives my worttlcss lite, And abare theie sorrow, griely and alrlfe, Tu aid tho weak, tu raise tho low, W Ul the Das¢, 10y s0ul duth giaw. Withmauly neart 1 hope to fud Tdeal's dreans auiong my kiud. MILWAUKKE, W. Ott0 Sousnox. et —— IN MEMORIAM ALTA M, HULETT, Thougzh In Mfe I 4Id not meet thee, Veeply du L yet regeet thes: Ot reviowing powers like thina Huy given Increased streugtn (0 mine. T Lave watched thy aliort career, Dlduen thew godapecd cach yesr, Tuved thy suwnicr's bright Teuown, Surrowed o'er Death's untiucly frows. Good and bravo tuy. vanished life *MId this busy city's atrife: Fawe Lhe bridegroom thou did’st wed, Alta, nuwbsred 'mong e dead. Short though thy years, long shsli thy name Do e Ristky Wik brighh ncclaiuy: For thou did‘st hope thy fife wopld bo~ Nobly plauged—a wowsn wise, yet frce. e from Barth— Goae Lo clsloi Lol lfih‘lh— Gone upou bigh, & uriliant star, e o B e aterush Dirt Through Sorrow’s long night zelet eadurea— Heaveu thy taleat well sccures; Whlle for us theay thouglits rewislo: Great fs ous b e, galut Ayail ik - Dare we mourn il ‘ S el s it o A e