Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 17, 1877, Page 4

3 . . 'I'HE UHICAGO TRIBUNE: TUESDAY, APRIL 17, 1 Thye Tnilue, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. "RY MAIL—TN ADVARCE—POSTAGR PREPATD AT & TIIA OPPICE. E'l’xtd'wen‘r 118 0f & yes! aited 10 oW R i ;Ifl-l nt-yel'l"‘.‘ rer mnn\g +50 WREKLT EDITION, FOSTPAID. Bpecimen coples sent free, * Torrevent delay and mistakes, ba smreand give Poste Offce addeess in fall, Inclndtng State and County, RHemlttances may be made either by draft, expres, Post-Ofice order, or 4n registered letters, at our risk, TERMS TO CITT SUDSCRIDERS, Tally, deltecred, Sunday excepted, 25 cents per week. Esily, delivered, Bunday (ncluded, 30 cents per week . Address TIE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and rneats.. Chicaso, Tt TRIBUNE llUlioDlNG DIRECTORY. Booms, Occupants, 1, CRARTER OAR LIFK (Insurance Dep't.) 2. TO RENT. 8, GURTIN & WALLACE. J, T. DALE. 4. DUERER WATCH-CASE MAN'F'G CO. 5. ROBDINS & APPLETON, ! 6 TO RENT. . 7. HENRY LUEBRER A& WM. C. DOW. A.J. BROWK. W. ROBBINS. . 0. WRIGHT & TYRRELL, 10 CHARTER OAR LIFE (Loan Dep't.) 11413, FAIRCHILY & BLACKMAN, 3415, JAMES MORGAN, R. W. BRIDGE. 10. HENIY E. SBEELYE. Y. D, COQR¥&» 17 M. D, HARDIN, 1819, D. K, PEAIISONS & CO, 20, IUTCHINGON & LUFF, 21, 0, L. BASKIN & CO. ASSOCIATE EDITOI, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF. ANAGING EDITOR. . ABSOCIATE EDITOLS, L. C. EARLE. =, s DARNEY & CO: TAM DROSS, i #, F. NOItCRUSS. I, A. McELDOWNEY. < 90, REDPATH LYCEUM BUREAU, 81, COMMERCIAL EDITOR. J#2. W, W, DEXTER. 33, GEO. L. THATCHER, A. F. STEVENSON, a5, NIGHT EDITOR. £0. CITY EDITOIL o Offcos {n the Buflding to‘rent by W, C. DO, m 8, —— 20, . 28, W ¢ oo, 20, AMUSEMENTS, New Chicngo Theatre. Clark street, between Lake and Iandolph, Tice's Minstrela, Haverly's Thentre, pRandoloh sterer, “letween. Claric ngsgement of Mrs, STl de Sime Ang. Muneum, Monroe srect, between State and Dearborn, Vaude- wiile and novelty, and_Tasalte, Engiish Opera Company, MeVicker's Thentre, Madieon strect, between Deathorn and Btate, Engagementof F. B, Chanfrau, **8am." .htrmhlI 'l’lllcnlm. Monroe fireet, Meadow Maskae: **The Mountain meat. A T4 are requested to neat sl thn Tall, w20 weifth-aL, Wedncsday, nt 1 o'clock a. m the purpond o attendinictlis funeral of ar . Hewn, ! G Irethren . of i vlted toattend, Per order W TUESDAY, APRIL. 17, 1877 CIO0AGO MARKET SUMMARY, ‘The Clhileaga produce markets woro active yoater- | day, cxcept wheat, and wero much higherearly, but afterwards weak, Mess pork closed G0¢ per brl llgher, at §16.45 for April and $15,50 for May, Lard cloted 20c per 100 1bs higher, at 80.05 cash and 810,00310.024% for May. DMeats wers e . higher, at Blic for loose shoulders, 7%c for do short ribe, and BYc for do short clears. Highwlncs wero irmer, ot 81,00@1.07 per gallon, Flour was active and firni. Wheat closed 3¢ lower, at $1.431 for Aprli anfi 81442 for May.. Corn closed eaay, ot 474ic for April and 48c for May., Oats cloxed tic lower, at I7}c cash and 37%c for May. Ryo wau stronger, at 80c, Darley closed strongor, st dsc for Aprit and GHc for May, Iogs werauct- we, oxeited, and closed 15@00 higher, at 83,35@ 5,85, Cattlo ware quietand firm, with snles of {n. Tonor to good weades at 82,503,235, Blhicop wera dull ‘and casfer, at 84.75@0,00, Ono hundred dollars In gold would buy $107.97% In green. backs at tho cl Tho ofticial cauvnss of the voto oast at the recent New Hompshire election rovenls the fact that tho constitational nmondments wero * all adopted, except those striking out the wonl " Protestant " from tho Bill of Righta, aud prohibiting removal from offico for po- litleal causes. The “mnendment abolishing . the religious test ns a qualification for office . bad a narrow escape, recelving but thirteen votes over the requisite two-thirds, Groenbacks ot tha Now York Gold Ex. chango yesterday closed at 03, the gold gam- blers concocting o Lollow and {ransient ad- . vonco in gold out of probabla European avents, which ovonts would naturally result, financially, in heavy shipments of precious 1 motals to this peaceful country for continu. od security, No one but the American gold bull secs aught in such a stato of things to enhanco the American value of gold. —— A decision by tho Atlorney-Genoral in the case of the Bouthern ail-contractors prac. tically fixes the time when tho Rebellion . began, Congresa lins already passed an ap. propriation to pay theso contractors for tho sorvices performed up to the beginning of the Tebellion, and it rested with the Attorney- General to detormine the timo covered by tho law providing for the payment, Ha finds that the date of the possago of the Be. conslon act by the States in which the elalm. ants reslded is the dato to which their claims _ for compensation must bo computed. The upo;:!_déxr é;o;};m-n, which wos subumitted to the Common Council at " yestordny's meeting, will servo to sot at rost all present auxiety concerning tho stability of the crib and the safoty of Chicago's water supply, ‘The structuro s in no danger whatever of beiug tipped . over or shoved out of place by the action of the ice and waves, and if means are provided ! tor rendering the upper portion as safe and “durablo as that below tho surface of the water, it would seem that no appreliensions need bo felt for o hundred years or so, — In the debatein tha House of Cominons " yesterdsy on the Enastorn quostion Earl Goanvirre attacked the policy of the Gov- ecrument fn witbholding declsive sction fn tho intercat of peaco until aftor jrretraces- bl steps had been takon by both Rusaia aud ‘Turkoy, Dznpr defeuded the courss of the Ministry, declaring that England sigued the protocol with an especial view to bringing sbout disarmament, while a refusal ¢o algn it would have thrown upon England the respousibility of the war, Ho declined 10 say anything concerning the future under existing circumstances, ———— The Judiciary Committeoof {he Common Council, together with the Corporation, have . been intrusted with the duty of in. quiring into the eligibilty of HiLoezra 84 8 member of the new Council. It is not difficult to forecast their report. They will find thut Huozete s o copfyssed and convicted defrauder of the United Btates Government, and that under the law Lo {3 mot a proper person to hold tho offico of Alderman of the Seventh Ward. Ho will therefors be re- fused n seat in the Conneil, and the City of Chicago will be spared tho added disgracs of tolerating 08 n member of the Common Coungil a person through whom the Beventh ‘Ward hns alrendy disgraced itself by casting a plurality of votes for him, Two impe ¢ slons wers yesterday rendered by the United 8tates Supreme Court—the firat to permit a reopening of the Ottawa bond case in the form of a petition for such a modification of the recent opinion of tha Court as will admit evidenco touching the anthonticity of the transcript of tho Sen- ate journal previously offered in proof of the frregularity of the enactment upon which the caso hinges, The other decision afirms that of the New York Conrt, which held, in tho cnsa of the contested will of Cranres Fox, who devised hLis entire property to the United States to aid the payment of the debt inenrred in putting down the Rebellion, that the United States conld not inherit real eatate nnder tho laws of New York, and that the bill was void as a doviso of lands. Millionaires will take notice that they ara not at liberty to make big presonts of this kind to the Government. . The Nicmorts Legislature has got falrly starled in the making of the pledges and concessions necessary to convince the Com- mission of their disposition to meet them half way in the effort to adjust the difiafity, Resolutions wera yesterdny adopted ex- prossivo of confidenco in the policy of President Iaves ns calcnlated to restoro quiet and prosperity to the Stats of Loui. sinnn; recognizing the obligation resting’ upon tho Btate Government to carry out in good faith tho Thirleonth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendinents to the Constitution of the United States; guarantecing to the colored peoplo complste protection and equality in rights aud privileges of porsons nnd property, and the enforcement of tho laws withoutdiscrimination onaccount of col- or; and profferring tho olive branch to all political enemics. In nddition, the Nionorss cnucus last evening adopted the proposition of tho Comminsion to unseat soven mombers seated on conteats, and in- &tall an equal number of members from tho Pacranp Legislatare, thua giving to tho former body n legal quorum, and a small Democratic majority in ench branch. If the irivitation to nccept the seven vacated secals 18 accoptod Ly tho Pacranp Logislature, the controversy will be practieally atan end, and tho only work left the Commission will be to romain long enough to superviss the more important details of ndjustment; but if the plan is rojocted, it is oxpeoted that the Com- mission will immediately lenve New Orloans and report to tho Prosident in Washington, - THE PRESID. '8 SOUTHERN POLICY. Prosident Haves, in his convernatiop on Baturdny, expressed some truths which will moet b hearty responso from tho country, the North as well ns the South, The President, in speaking of tho threatened opposition to his Bouthern policy, recalled some instancos in Lis own political history and the history of tha Ropullican party which should not bo forgotten, In 1874 thoro was o vast tidal-wavo of popular feeling ndverso to the goneral courso of the Republican party, and cspocinlly because of the wover-onding, never-sottled, nud ever-disgraceful proceed- ingsin tho Southern States, The policy of* forco—that is, the usa of tho I.mycnof.‘ ond the gunbont to proteot the col- ored people who were mever pro- tected—to secure the colored peoplo in their lives, property, and persons, whilo each addition to the military forco was fol. lowed by fresh wmurders, nssassinntions, beat- ings, -and burnings, hed bocome odious, The cry for troops to put an end to * ont- rages,” which outrages wero constantly re. peated dospite tho military occupation, at Inst led thousands of porsons of nll parties to the conviotion that either the reported * out~ rages ' wore inventions, or tho uso of tho military to proteot tho nogroes was a glaring failuro, The loudest and the most effective denunciation of the Republican Administra. tion was that It employed the army and tha navy to bolster up State Governments at the Bouth under tho pretenso of protocting the negroes, and yot loft tho negroes exposed to evory description of barbarity that might be devired. In the oleotions of 1874 the Re- publicans wero defented in Massachusetts, Ohio, Now York, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Illinois, and lost honvily in Michigan, Towa, and other Republican Btates. The election in Ohio in 1875 was the opon- ing of tho Prosidentinl eampaign, It was the trial whother tho tidal-wave of 1874 could bo nrrosted or rolled back, or whethor it was tu continuo and wreck the Republican party, Old Wirriaxt Arrex waa the Governor of Ohio. Ilo united in his own person all the nuciont famo and traditions of tho Democratic party with a rocord 28 on honorable aud efficlent Governor, and credited with having glven tho State an honest and economical Government. 'To his personal strongth as a Democrat was added his open and earnest ad. voeacy of tho doctrine of making monoy plonty by an unlimited {saue of unational cur. rency, aud his opposition to any return to spocie payments, That - was then a popular doetrine in Loth parties in Ohio, In looking over the Stato fora man to opposo Arrew, for n man in whose personal integrity, per. sonal fitness, and political wisdom the people of Olio had confidence, Mr, Tlaves was the wnivorsal choice, Ife had to meet a popular opponent,. and at the same timo carry the rocord of the Re. publican party, which had become odious to alorge portion of that party, e openod the campaign ag tho leador of a party which had but little hops of success, Ho was al. lowed to mnke his own platform, and in the first wpoech of that now historical olection Lo doclared his oppositlon ta tho poliey of governing States by national troops, sud in favor of a clvil policy that would unito the Dblacks and tho wlntes at the South, and in. duco them to co-operate politically aud oth. crwise for the comwmon good of both racos and for (he geueral peace of the oountry, In short, he Insisted that the War had been over ten yeans, nnd it was time to be recon. clled, and that ke was opposed to opening again any of the old issues whioh ought to Liavo boen long siuce burled. From July to October ke ropeatod this dootrinco, speaking saveral times & week. Wo kuow tho resnlt of thatelection. It stopped the tidal wave of the year befora. It rallied sud united the Republican ‘party in the Btate where thero Liad been the largest defections, That election was the revival of the Re- publican party, and it arrested the disinte- gration of that party which Lad been going on. . It was the firut promise that the bloody shirt should be furled, and that civil govern- nient was to bo re-established ju ull parts of tho land, The ‘‘stalwart Republicans™ of Ohlo, united to a man, eleoted tho statesman aud the soldicr who had shown tho courage W dewnnd pesce, recenciliation, and civil governments, and the political union of the whites and the blacks nt the South. This was in 1876, and tho campaign of 1876 opened. The Republiean Convention, embracing Mr. Branie's *'stalwart Ropublicans” of New England, met at Cincinoati. Tho Conven- tion sought the nomination of a man who could’ be elected. Many of the New England dologates know that tho battle.ground was tho Northwest, so the platform on which Haxes had carried Ohio in 1875 was adopted, nnjl Haves was relocted to stand on that platform. He and Brisrow ‘wora agreed, and no one of those who held other views had the remotest chance of be- ing elected by the people, In hisletter of scceptance, Gov. Haves omphasized his viows of the true polioy to be adopted for the Bouth, and, had he not dono so, he conld not hava carried Ohio. In his innugural address hostill further omphasized his viows, and now, 03 President, ho ia but carrying out the precise policy ho proposed in 1876, and which he has prosented on every occasion since thon, and which policy hasbeen avowed, sup- ported, and sustained by the Republican party ever since, It is too Inte in the day for Mr. Brarse to be threatoning the President with the oppo- sition of the * stalwart Republicans” of New England. In tho first place, Mr, BuaNs doos not roprosent thom ; they do not share his personal griefs, nor aro they enlisted in his personal revenges. Thoy, like all the people of tho whole country, nre in favor of Ppence and reconciliation ; they want tho col- ored peoplo protected as thoy havo never been by tho military governments; they want tho *outrage™ shops closed up, to bo opened nover again j snd it the reconciled people of the South can divide politieally on any othor than the color line, and thus give safoly to the hithorto unprotooted froedmen, thon that will bo a triumph for the Repub- lican party bardly lees memorable than tho War itself, In such a posceful result no portion of the American peoplo will more heartily rojoico than tho . stalwart Repub. licans of Now England, even if Mr. Bramz does mt down by tho roadside and bewail, THE VATICAN AND THE WAR, A dispatch printed in tho last jssuo of Tun Tnrmuse says: ** A tolegeam to the London Daily News from Rome represents that the Vatican (moaning the College of Cardinals or Papal Cabinet) is elated at the prospect of war, and ardently hopes the Russians mny goin somo preliminary advantages, in which case it has porsuaded itaelf that the war would becomo goneral.” Admitting, what is by no menns certain,. that the war becomes general, what then? How is it to help the Vationn, or advance tho intorcsts of the Papacy? If the war does mot involve Italy, and thero fs no reason why it should, it can havo no offect upon tho Vatican, As long o3 Italy is at peace, tho status quo of tho Papsey must remmn. Tho only hope thot the Vatican can have is that somo. thing may happen to drive tho Italian Government out of Rome, and thus restore it to tho Church. Thero is no dangor of this kind, howevor, likely to happen. 'The Italian army and the Italian people aro alike willing that the Popo shall remain in Romo, snd they bhave no intention of intorfering with his occupation, and there is no nation in Europo likely to interfore with the Italian Government's position, since, if Italy makes nny allianco whatever, it will bo with the stronger sido, in ths hope of recovering rome of her torritory. Who is to interforo in behalt of the Papacy? Certalnly not Russin, who has no afiilintion with it, nnd certainly not Gerwnany, who is its most formidable encmy. France will take no part in tho war at all. Her Parliament is almost unanimously opposed to it. Her Exposition gol for noxt yoar is an indication that she fn- tends to keepthopeace. Thoverysentimentof rovengo agninst Gormany that animntes hor people would lend her to keop ont of the con- test and bido her timo until Germony had bocomo exhausted by a groat war. Auatria, always conservative, will not interfore in tho interesta of tho Vatican, The Emperor has already defined Lis intontions in his lotter to the Popo rofusing to give him any hope that such might be tho case in the future, Aue- trin has too much to look after to bother it. self nbout the Papavy, The conflicting in- torests of hier dual Qovernment will rage more violontly than ever if there should ban genernl war, Thera isno gain for the Pa- pacy by any war excopt in seeiug tho Turks expelled from ‘Europe. If the Vaticanhas any hopo ntall in tho promises, it is probably the hope that in somo mysterious mannor & goneral war moy result in the omancipation of tha Grook Christinns and their return to the fold of Romo. THE COUNTY THE DEMOCRATS, ‘Thero is a wide-spreadappreliension among the buainess men and taxpayers of this city that all efforts will fafl in tho Legislaturo to socuro A reorganization of. the present County Board. If there boa failure to se- cura rellef in any form, then it will be owing to the opposition of the Democratic mem- bers of the Legislature, on the ground that the prosent County Board is Democratic and exorcises & political power, tho sacrifice of which must not be risked by suthorizing the election of an entire new Boand, Thisis the argnment which Goobxry, the agent and lobbyist for the Ring, has been urging at Springflold. Contemplating tho possibility of such an outcome to all the efforts made by the people of Chicago and Cook County to get rid of tho Ring, we ask tho Democratic party of Illinols whether it can afford to saddle itself with tho rasponsibility for the Cook County Ring? This i preciscly what will happen if every bill for reliof shall be defeatod st Bpringfield by Democratic votes. - Up to this time we have nover {naiated upon holding the Democratic party to account for the Ring, for we know the respactable and taxpaying Democrats of Ohicago and Oock County to be as anxlous for its mbolition as the Republicans. Iint Goopxry's mission {s to persuade the Demo- crats in the Legialature'that the Ring must be sustained because a largo majority of tho Board were elected as Democrats, If he pre- vailsupon the Democrats at Springfleld to take this stand, then the Demooratio party of Tilinois will becomo gponsor and protector of the Riug for mere partisan purposes. Oan the Democrats afford this? What chance can they have of securing a party majority in Cook County in sny eloction while it ia through their connivance that Cook County is being plundered? How many Democrats do they suppose will be returned from this county to the next Legislature to help them elect a United Btates Benator, ifit be confessed that tho Cook County Ring has been sustained by tho Democratio party? Nor will thoy suffer in Cook County alone. All the northorn counties in the State will sympathize with Cook. The decont taxpay- erd ovorywhero will say to themselves that they do nob caro to send Demacratic legis- lators to Bpringfield, where they insist on sustaining a Ring that is plundering the largest municipality in tho Stato at the rate of a million a year. The whole State of Tilinoia feols any injury dono la Chicago, and the people throughout the State will resent it. If the Democrats in tho Legislaturo allow thomselves to be deceived by Goopery, who is reduced to the necessity of acting as lobbyist for a corrupt Ring, they will have renson to regret it when it may be too Into. We have said that tho Ring is plnndering this connty at the rate of a million n year, The facts bear out the statemont. The ex. ponditnres have alrendy (in three months) exceeded the ratio of, npproprintions so that there will be a deficioncy of $425,000 at the end of tha flscal year, oven if tho expenses from now on be kept within the appropria. tions; at the samo ratio tho deficionoy will amount to 31,000,000 by the endof tho yoar, and tho Ring will leave tho county in as bad a condition as the CovuviN gang left the city, —with an unlawfnl debt and unpaid em- ployes. Does the Democratic party of the Blato intend to uphold such a condition of things? Does the Democratic party propose to stand by indicted officials, who dare not risk n trial in tho community thoy have plundered, and who swear they aro so odious to the people that they cannot be fairly hoard? Wo think that sobor reflection will searcely approve of such an intention ns good party policy, nor find the Democratio party of this Stato strong enough to risk carrying any such burden on its back. v — A LESSON IN COMMERCIAL FREEDOM. Atténtion has beon drawn to an article in 0 Inte number of the Journal des Economistes, which contains gome interesting and instrue- tivo statistics fllustrating tho comparative operation of a Protoction - system and Freo Crade in shaping the industrial and com- morclil prosperity of nnation, Up to the year 1860 the Fronch ndhered to tho most rigid and exacting tarif systom. During thirty years following tho peace of 1815, French commerca progressed and incrensed at o satisfaotory rate,—thu inerenso boing the natural nceretion of now indnstry in a long period of peaco. But in the ten yoars fol- lowing—from 18(7 to 1837—thoro was n notabladecline ; the ratio of increase in the foreign trado was only nbout ona-half what it had beon beforo. Of the following ton years—from 1857 to 1807—threa woro under tha old protectivo system and seven ‘under the system of froo trado; tho trenty of com. merce was mado with England in 1860, and reciprocity was speedily ostablished with Belginm, Italy, Austria, and Germany, also by treaty. During theso ten yenrs the in. crense of tho foreign trade was G8 por cent, Prior to the commercial treaty with Great Britain, which was almost forced on France, tho protection fallacy had taken as strong a hold on tho Fronch people ss it hasin this country. Advantages wera attribnted toit, 88 among s, which came from other condi- tions 'and ociroumstances, The French gained in material prosperity during the long peace which prevailed throughotit Eu. rope, and by the return to industrial and productive pursuits of a largo population that had boen mero consumers in timo of war. The growth of trade, tho oxtension of improvements, tho * development ™ plan, wore somothing like the Amerlean oxperi- enco during tho nine years following the closo of the War of the Rebellion, with the differenco that American onterprise and growth wero abnormally rapld and specula. tive, while tho onterprise and growth n France woro the fruits of incronsed produc- tion, 'Cho improvement was tho result of productive instend of unproductive invest- ments, but it was accomplished rather in spito of than on account ‘of the high-tarift system, a8 subsequoent evonta proved, Of course tho Proloctionists .of Franco, who wero proportionately more numerous and influontinl than the Protoctive class in the I{)nllud Btalea to.day, cried out agninst the abandonment of the systom and proph- esied the most frightful disnstor. Thero was the same gabble about the British gold and pauper labor to which the American oar has become accustomed. The French farmer was o be rained in belng doprived of tho protection of & gradnated duty on grain, in. tonded to assure him a salo at no watter what price beforo foreign grain should come in to compete. Yet, from 1857 o 1870 (froe trade prevailing during tho last ton yoars of that timo), tho arca of cultivated land in. creased, the prices of grain wero maintainod atoadily, and the yiold per acro wua largely sugmented. 8o tho Fronch cattlo-raisors woro {0 be ruined; but, instead of that, the prico of meat has rison in the faco of a grow- ing importation.of catile from o valuo of $11000,000 annually in 1860 to $34,000,000 in 1872, In Porisnlone the consnmption of meat increased 20 per cent boiween the years 1860 and 1800, though the population during tho same poriod increased loss than 2 per cont. English iron and coal, admitted without duty, were to closo the rolling.mills and foundries, and compel tho abandoument of French cosl-mining altogether, Yet tho Fronch production of pig-iron Inorensed from 923,200 tons in 1830 to 1,217,838 tons in 1872 of rallroad-iron from 508,700 tons to 754,381 tous; of natural stecl thero was an increased production of 600 per eent; of cast-steol noarly 100 per cent; of coal, the quantity mined in France in 1874 was double that mined in 1850, and the price had in. croascd appreciably, An itom which is even more significant {s that in 1856 the horse- power of the steam-ongines used in France was 405,686, whilo that of 1872 was 924,045, But not ouly did the introduction of freo trade fail to ruin the home industry, as wns predicted, but it opened up new channels for French products, Tho exportation of French wines nearly doubled in amount between 1850 and 1874, 'The oxportation of French ‘mlk goods in 1858 was $75,720,000, and in 1875 it had risen to #06,822,400., Evenin cotton and woolen goods, whore it was ex- pected Franco would suffer especially by competition with the * pauper labor” of Great DBritain, the former increased during tho same period from $18,400,000 to $16,- 985,000, aud the Intter from §31,220,000 to 71,400,000, 1t is a curious fact that Frauce oxports more cotton goods to England than any other country, whilsu at the same time shie imports moro cotton goods from En. gland than from auy other country, just as sle imports meat fram England and sells meat to England. This is gennivae free trade, ~selling to advantage what can be best pro. duced at home, and buying abroad what can be best produced abrond,—and this applics to different grades of the same lino of articles 08 well 88 to different arti. cles. As to the *‘pauper lbor,” wages have increased from 81 to 62 per cent in all industries since the Frenck workmen have had to compete against the workmen of England sud Belgium; and their savin & bave incrcased iu still larger proportion, judging frqm the deposits in the savings banks, which have risen from $23,099,836 to $53,932,985 within the same period. Thess aro useful facts with which to con front the people who ory out in fear at the havoo which the abolition of the American tariff will crenlo nmong tho indnatrinl clasees. Wo are inclined to think that the supposi. titions havoo of frae frade can searcely bo more nlarming than the actual havoe that has been created during the last four years under tho operation of a protective tariff, and which corresponds to the French experienco during the later yoars of {is protective sys- tom. Indoed, the time hns come when even ‘manufacturers are beginning to ask for new marketa which fres trade alone can open to them, and all peoplo are beginning to under- stand that a nation must buy abroad if it hopes to sell abroad. Thera is undoubtedly much truth in the statomoent that Austria is profonndly ngitated at the near approach of war betwoon Russia and Turkey, and may meditato a movement into Horzegovina and Bosnia as nn offset to the Russian invasion of Bulgarla. The Austrians are evidently nfraid that, in cse of war, there may be a change of territorial status, and fear that if tho Russians get nacross the Danube and sweep down through Bulgarin, they may absorb averything down to tho Balkan Monntains, and perhaps somo- thing boyond them, in which caso she wonld be compelled to take Herzogovina and Ros. nin in self-dofense, rather than havp Russia swallow them. The movement to occupy theso two provinces, howover, must of ne- cessity involve Austria in new complications at home, It would changoe the co:tre of gravity and bring the Sclaves to the front, outnumbering the Magyars, and constituting the prominent element of the population nnd the controlling clement in the Govern- mont. The two combined would of course almost completely overshadow Northorn or Gorman Austria, tho issuo of whicl, sooner or later, wonld be the socession of the Ger- man element to Germany, thus leaving Austria to bo split ngain betwoon the Sclave and the Magyar. ' Tho situation of Austria, therefore, as will bo seen at a glance, isn very poculiar ono. S8ho would like to occupy ths Sclavie provinces, and yot is afraid to do it. Itis astrong temptation, nnd yot if she ylelds to it, herdual formof government must involve ler in new and critical com- plications. It is a nooessity that sho should occupy them, and yet, if sbo does, it may result in tho roarrangemont of the map of Austrin. Thoro is a rumor from Washington that an extra scssion of Congress can bo, and may possibly bo, avoided by disbanding the larger portion of the regular army. With peaco nt the South and tho dismounting and disarmament of the Indians, thero is no oc- casion for o notional army beyond n few com- panics to ocoupy the fortifications and mili. tary posts. The skeloton of the army can of courae bo preserved, and, in caso of any cmorgency, the regimental organizations can bo fillod up with men enlisted for short terms. ‘With penco on the border and peaco at tho Bouth, tho reduction of the army to a fow thousand men will not only bo an’ economi- cal policy, but an eminently wiso ove. ‘Tt would bo tho grandest exhibition of tho pow- er of the poople to govern themselves that hna ever been mado. A nation of 45,000,000, occupylng » whole continent, with a military establishment reduced to 5,000! Buch o #pectacls the world has nover witnessed, and there is no subsiantial reason for not carry- ing that roduction into oporation, Tha fail- ure to make appropriations may thus bo the means of accomplishing ono of the wisest roforma, THE DECEMBER METEOR. To the Editor of TAs Tridune. Cnireand, April b.—Prof. Kinkwoon in the Jn- terior says in regard to the meteor of Decombor Jast that It reached the earth's surfuce moar the sonthwest corner of Chatauqua County, New York, exploding at an clevation of twenty or twenty-fivo miles from tho earth, WHIJmI please infarm your mnn{ readera If any of the debrin. wan found In the locallty mentloned, and, it so, tho weight of same, pecullasitics, etc.? Fromn what s conjecturcd as tu the diametor (which Prof. K. puts at tive miles) and \e)ocui. conld an esthnate ')e mado of the probable walght of the wholo mass? We had not scen any.such statomont «’z! slzo 08 that referred to above; and, counsidering it highly Improbablo that a sclentific authority would malze such n statoment, wo have delayed onswerlng till wo could communicato with Prof. Kinkwoop. Ho writes: T0 the Kdilor of The Tribune. TDLOOXINGTON, Ind.. April 12,—1 sttompted no estimato of the Irud Kize of the metcorite, 'Tta aps narent mugnltndo wa not lees than that of the full moon. This would Indicate a true diameter of more than s mile. 1ut L bave no confidence in nny estinintes of this kind, The apparent magni- tude is greatly incresscd by {rradiation} or, In othor words, I¢1s that of the surrounding blazo of ght. Daxigs Kingwoon, Several objects have been found belfeved to be pleces of tho meteor. One was picked up in Ruchester, Fulton County, Ind.;and haa been aualyzed by Prof. C, U, Buzvakp, who gives tho results in o recent number of Sliman, 1t belongs ta tho litholite (stone) order, with an unusual thickness of erust; and contalns metal- Ue fron (cbamaslte); with Chladulte (two mole- cules of nioguesium to threo of sllicon). The specific gravity of a fregment was found to be 8.05. Theso facts aro {n closo accord with tho state- menta and fufercnces preseuted In vur articlo of Deu, 25, four days after the event, Wo deseribed it s scattering fragments (debrls) all along fts course, aud noted that fact as s proof of tho Hearthy" conslatencoof the meteor. Tho courso and altitude of tho stranger, ziven by Prof. Kink. ‘Wwoob, agree very nearly withthose of Tue Tiine une, Hestates Itas about seventy-fivowlles,over a polut a Nttle south of Emporia, in Kansas; thirty-cight miles, ovor the bouudary line be- tween Pulaski and Fulton Countles, in Indians; and twenty-cight to twenty-nine nules,over Lake Erle, immediatcly north of theeity, 1t would be possitle to form an ‘cstimata of tho mass of tho meteor without an analysis, or ® knowledgzo of ita velocity, i¢ its sizo,wero knowu. ‘I'lie average denslty of nl) the metvoric masscs thus far found fu tho Unlted Btates is about 3%, ora little more than that of the moon, Some metallic masses have been found of much greater density, but, as stated in our article, they had probobly parted with a great deal of much less deuse material—atripped off 1n tho rapid fhgbt through the air. A globe of fresh water ono mile in dlameter would welgh about £,400,000,000 tona of 2,000 pounds each; whenco such a mass of meteorle matter would Ywelgh ™ some nine thousand miltions of tons at tho carth’s surface. It tho dlameter were five wles, the mass would bo 125 thines the mass of one mile. In TueTainuxk article we stated that tho object was not lesa than sixty feet In disneter, giving & mass of 13,000 tons as the least quantity of matter It contalned, How much amore no one can tell; but there Is not auy good reason for supposing the dlaweter to have been s0 great as atated by our correspondent, - —————— Who {s tho New York.editor that Twasp has coufessed ho rave $230,000 ln 1570 to be dis- tnbuted minong five New York Stato Senatqre Who wero the five Benatorsl Whé are the Judges of high position, cvento the Court of Appeals! who the promiuent citizens bitherto of spotless record that have been denounced by Twxxb in Lis recent confession? - 8o far, almost no ono kuows except the men coucerned, who have tho doubtful felldity of kuowlng In ad- vance that they are to be struck by lightalng, More mysterious still, whoare the distinguishied and honored men, unsmirched as yot, whoss pames Twaep withlield from bis coufession, but which must bo given uo before he can walk out of Ludlow-Street Jaill Twxep has turncd overall his property and made a vonfes~ slun; but the old max, truc to his instinct of fidel- 1ty, tried to protect some of the yréatest of his old pals, and did uot teli a1l he knew. But here anclent grudgea came in to the heln of Jnstice, That wing of the Now York Democracy which, under the leadership of Tinnex, fought Twarn and Tammany, and waskept by them out of the offices, {8 now In posscssion of the Qovernment and the machinery of prosccution. They arc overjoyed at the ruin slowly overcoming thelr adversaries in the party, and have told Twexp it will do liim no guod to liave revealed nny- thing unlesa ho roveals all. Twzap must choose between eacrificing his friends nad sace riflcing himself, and his friends, like A, OArey Hary, know whom he will prefor. An Inkling ofthe confession ho has nlrcady mado has con- vulsed the many fn New York Btate with curlosity and the few with tha terrors of coming exposure, But there are other flsh In his other net, and the waters are lashed into foam as 1t {s drawn up towards tho surface. Wil there bo other Judges, other legislators, other Journallats, in “the sccond batch™ 1 And did all tho journallsts, fn that sadly-improvident way New York newspaper men have, let the moncy they got alip through tholr fingers into the pockets of members of the Leglslature? —————— A dispatch in Trm TRiouse yesterday showed that the policy of leaving too much respousi- Dbility to subordinates on the part of a Cabinet oflcer {a° of doubiful utility, Becretary 8cnunrz, it scems, ordered a certaln number of discharges from the Venslon Burcau, and, tn making out tho list, loft tho deeapliating to the Judgment of heads of dopartinents, These, it is alleged, have rotalned, in Instances, the worthless and rojected the cfiiclent, through political fnfluence or personal favoritisin. Un- doubtedly the unrestrained action of the old liners fn all the offices would result the same way. It would have been well in the first placo to cut off tha *'heads” o little. Probably the service could be {mproved much faster by re- moving a fow heads than It will be by allowing the latter to cut off ever so many tails. Tho phrase, “Heads I win; talls you lose,' may have a fresh signlficance in this connection, 'No “head,” if left to ftself, will Lo liable to am- putate o tail which {s at all connected with its own body. Tho Evening Jovrnal states the position of tho Sccretary of Btate, Mr. Evanrs, very . plainly when It observes: “ifo has no faith fn tho power of a Stale Gov- ernment which cannot stand alone to protect the oppressed. To his way of thinking, no such Stato Governinent, however law{ul, I8 cx- pedlent.” We understand the Journal to agreo with Mr, EvAnts in this view, A Btato Gov- ernment, protected by Federal soldlers, which falls to protect its constituents who voted it into office, fa not worth Federal protection. And that has been tha trouble with the earpet-bag Covernments fn the South. They had to bo kept in office Ly the troops of the Natlonal Governmont, but they utterly falled to protect the colured people, or to prosceute and punish thoso who molestod, persccuted, or murdered them. Buch Imbecllo State Governments were a nulsance, o delusion, and o snare, ——— The New Yori Tribune saya that beautiful cbouy-handled back-scratchers, with an {vory hand termivating in the most tiny finger cuds, ara for salo at the Broadway novelty-stores. 1t they coma Into common use, wives will bo re- loved of an arduous ond perpetual marital du- ty. A man was onco divorced from his wifo in Ohleago because atnong other—and perhaps more serious—neglects sha declined positively to seratch his back; or, it she pretended to do 80, would mallclously titlllate it, until tne poor wrotch howled fn sgony. With this improve- wment the pegricved Benedict would have tho bulge on so unfecling a companion. If sho would not como up to the scratch, Le could do It himsell. Pl B2 Scnator PATTRRSON has thown' himself to be o South Carolloa shrimp. And kindly Wen- STER, with his weather cye to the future (which fucluded PatTERSON ond South Caroling), de- fincs o shrimp to bo “a long-tafled, docupod, erustaceous animal, allied to tho lobster. It has long, slendor feclers, claws with a single hooked fang, aud three pair of legs,” Or, 4 A littlo wrinkled man; a dwarf,” Either of theso deflnitions, or both, will appiy. If some kindly flsncrman will turn PATraRS0N With bis back to Carolina and his faco towards Washington and prod him, perhaps ho will go home. e can be a patriot In no other wav, —— ‘The DesMolnes Register says o gang of Now York sharpors are trylng to steal all of B, F. ALLpN'S ostate from his Towa creditors by means of & blanket mortgage. . It thinks Tuz TuisoNE does wrong to publish any {tems of newa which are uot in tho interest- of the Iowa creditors aforesald. It is diffleult to understand tho zeal of the Xeglater. It has never happened to bo a creditor of ALLEN, but is considerable +| debtor to him, Is it discharging its obliga~ tlona by nctiog as a pald attorney for the Iowa ereditoral e ——— The commerco of New York for March shows a slight Increaso In imporls, showing that stocks of goods aro running low. The increasols (n frea zoods, such oa tea and coffce, 50 that the reve- nuo has not been the galner: ‘The export movement has, on tho other hand, falicn nbout 81,000,000 in 'merchandlso and 84, 000, 000 In specie bolow that of March, 1876, It s gratifying to find the specla moyemont moro favor- able 10 us, For nino monthd the specte movomeant nz‘?'ewl\'mk :.o?n%%u:‘;g export of und an finpott of $20,3 Over $11,000,000. " Col. BinLEr, of Boston, says it BrotlicrMoony docs not convert WENDELL Puitirs his labors will be very unsatistactory to the publie. Mr. Mooby will dv nothing of the kind, for he knows he could not do-thoe Old Nick a better turn, Satan §s uot at all anxlous to atep down and out In favor of WeNDELL P'uiLLips, and he would be tho **boss™ just rs ‘scon as ho could dellver one coursc of loctures in Tophot, ——— . The Bpringfield Journal rcturns thanks for the charitable hope of Tns Trinuxa that it will be fult of *humor’ fn *Eteraity.” There is no doubt of ft. No man can sing I would not live alway " and. I want to be an abgel " with the fervorwith which Col. Pinrrivs has Intoned them sfnce howas tscooped M out of the Spring- fleld Post-OfMice without his reward. Hewill be the Mank Twatx of the Hercafter, ——————— 1t is alleged that a boarder ot the Bouthern Hotel, 81, Louls, who lost a largo amount of property {u the flames, and barely escaped with his own’ life, was presented the sccond day therealter with a uill for his board and lodging. This s asit would have been had Smapmaci, Mzsuac, and Apzonsco been compelled to pay for the cntertalninent they furnished In that fiery furnace. ————— ‘Tho Popo, it is sald, wants = general war in Europe. He hopes that in thiscase/hls ¢ Bulls? will be in demaud by tho faithtul, In-order to gore the Russtan Bear, Then hisfallocutionary efforts will be Jistened to with more attention, Just now these Vatican-ations are not recelved with that mplicit confidence which would be agreeable to & F1us man like the Holy Father. ——— Anotlier “wild, rolstering, blasphemous * Boston journalist has fallen before Moopy's well-dirccted shot, aud six miore saloon-keopers in that wicked city sit upon their hind legs and howl as they estlmate what they lost by refer- ring to their *tick account.” Moobry, also, doean'y preach “restitution® so far as thess chlzpa are concerned, and that's where they got “left” ————— ‘The cuts of the Southeru Notel firo fn the'St. Louts papers becomo more flendish from day to day, 08 the srtists get experfence, The last one fu the Zepublican is blood-curdling, The coun- tenances of the spectators are cvidently taken from life, and the ieeing women are selzed by tho artist in tho most complete deshabide, # e *Horse " Enpy's testimony beforo the Park {nvestizators shows that his memory of cveuts 13 even more unrcliable than ft 1s of his debts. e — ‘Tha Bt. Paul Z’loucer- Press fears that Broesy will “get even with Tus Trisuxs for that Bouthern Hotel firc “scoop.” Wa sball keep an , being o not gatn of. eyo to wind'ard. At present, however, 4014 Pocumatics s still going through the role of Mamlet, thus: “Tu-bo or nut tu-be ¥ that's the question|” ? According to Dr. D2 Wore, our citizens have been drinking tho sewago of Bridgeport and of the city which has beon carried out to the tune neland sent back through tho hydrants. Terrf- DLio as it may appear, the Doctor thus makesa strong ptea for intemporance. Benator Draixe still turnsa deaf ear to the Invitation from his Bouthorn cousins. Why does lic not visit thein, as they request? Jte cannot be afrald. Nota sotitary foot of tho Bouth Is fnfested with Kill-Brarxzs. A dspatch from Mackinno this morning conjecturcs.*—Journal editorlal, This beaty Prof. GraY, Ife can make dispatches sing, but 1t takes the “old girl"* to make 'em * conjec. ture.”? ? | The editor of tho Clnclnnatl Commercial 1g sald to bo the father of cleven chilldren, and yot he sings with groat unctlon, *8till thero's mars 1o follow." | To tead Gov, PAcRARD'S falminations ony would think he had swallowed a lve goddess of 1tberty, and that sho was troublinz him with fo~ digestlon, } ‘The Prostdont of the Northwestorn Rallroad was not in tho Krsncor-Traor pool. lis motto fa: * Kurr what you've got.” } Most of the men who stepped with Traor® fnto KanN®DY's pool now wish it hod Leen the pool of 8'low*men. f 8t. Louls will chaage the phrase * The times that tried men's souls” to tho times that fried men's soles, f The J.-0, wantsa littlo humor about ' Horse® Eppr's testimony, That would bo “tiuting the lle-lle.” f Persia, like a good daughter, tells Turkey that the latter cannot bave her bag’ Dad, PERSONAL. DI Maraka's husbands number sovon. Who'll get her when sho goes to heaven? ‘The 8t. Louls Republican perpetrates a picture of the firo worsa than the calamity itself. A San Francleco ponnd-keeprr advertises for dogs, and scizes snd kills thoso not regiatered. ‘The Bt. Louls thoatres have combtncd on & grand henefit for the scrvant girls Impovorished by the fice, Tho woman with Onkoy Iail fa spoken of as ‘*Mra, —or— Mrs, ~-err— RMra, \Wart's-hore namo?"! Gen, C. J. L. Cook, of Laka City, Col., claims to have been tho first white child born In the Biste of Toxas, ® Beecher looks hise congregation In the eyes and says hia best hold fa the unwavering faith Lo bay in tho purity, the virtuc, the honor of women. Cinclnnatl Enquirer reportors call themaolves apostles. They would mako it dlsciples, but they remember the antipathy of ono of them to ears, without a plenitude of which a Cincinnatl Enquirer reporter ls na naught. Dr. T. L. Phipson, an Englishman, says of Olo Bull, In & work on **Celobrated Viollnists," that ‘*he passed awsy from (he world of music here below at the beginning of the yesr 1875." \Wholn this matcriatization traveling throagh o series of farcwell benefits? . **Why do we live; what is tnere for us in lifor" inquiros the Christlan Reglster. Wedon't pretend to answer the question, but wo do kuow that when: 8 man has walked four miles through the mud to sco a girl and finds anothor follow altting up with her, {t comes home, It comes home.— Exchange, Life, lberty, and the pursnit of hnpplness ape pear to bo attendod by somo littio Inconvonience in Caddo, Indian Natlon. Last week n party went to 0 house whero a farmer and bls wife were enters taining o few friends, took out the mala population of the rancho, and shot them dead on tho prairie, Gov. Miampton, ona reads, I8 50; has boen mar- ried twico aud fs a widower, Tic had three chil- dren—two sons and a danghter, Ilis eldest son, Preston Hampton, was killed at Gettysburg, and the second, Wado, Jr., llves In Washington Coun- ty, Miss, His daughter, Margaret, is the wifo of Col. John ascall, of Souths Carolina. **Qoorge,. Connt Joaunes," a crazy New York lawyer, played HicAard III. at Niblo's six years ago, and now bringe snit agalnst Jarrett & Palmer for §1,4%0 for the performance. It uscd to bo great fun In Now York to sct up Joannes for Ham- let, or somothing of the sort, and then it aronnd and seo hlm make an ass of himaelt, The German Emperor writes to Dlamarck, *'The day on which I completed tho 80th year of any life awoke inthe German peoplo a wympathy which touchod me profoundly. Thls excessive plenituds of kind wishes has rendercd that day s peculiarly eacred onotome.” Al of which was based on tho prosentation of & Dutch sausage twenty-six feet long. Q. W, Thompson was arrested In 8t, Louts for the perpetration of numerous frauds on business through the crodit attaching to the name father, whois a respectablo merchant of Syracuse, Mo, In tho Jall young Thompson tried to cut his throat, but was preveuted. When the nows of his disgracereached his alater sho droppod dead. In 1803 Rupert Manuel had a row with his father in Indla, aud after wandaering over Europe crossed the ocoan and then the Amorican Cuntinent, bring. fug up fn Sad Francluco. 1o knocked sronnd among the lawyoers' ofices, making o scaoty 1lving, nutil & week ago, when his Lrother found him and notificd him that he had foborited $300,« 000 by his.fathor's will. Richard 8, Cotklln, of Drooklyn, followed bis wifo one day, and recelved unmlistakable proats of hor infidellty, Joyous in his discovery, fur e - wanted togut rid of her, ho brought s sult fors divorce, whan, to his dismay, the Court decided againet bim, as it was In his power to stop the act of which he complained, aud bhis fallurc to stop it ‘was connivanco ot it. Editor Storey, of the Chicago Times, will never ba happy till ho has added o telophone to the pucas matictubes, elecirical bells and wircs, nnd other modorn inventions, In which he hae Intrenched himaeelf. What s & great newspaper oftice withont atelophone? Uoto!—Cincinnali Commsrclal. A good suggestion, Mr, Storoy, slnce your pnoumatle tubes falled to tell of ons fire in §t. Louls. A correspondent of the Parie Fyaaro hits off the Englishman's love of llons. Ile says he notlced & large crowd burrylog foto & wooden booth, Lave ing pald bis sbllllog, be entorod also, and found the great attriction to conslstof o sallor aliting quietly, smoklngand drinking becr. Overhiahead wan the following inscription: **This {s the only sallorin the Arctic expedition who succeedsd I persplring at thoe North Pole," Mrs., Hayes, 1t {¢ noted, has lsrge hands and foet, & largo walst, & Iargs mouth, larga oyes, and a radiant smile, snd bas, it 16 sald, what all theso possessions lndlcate—a generous, sympathetic na- ture, and excecdingly good sense, *'Her oyed 80 decply set, and aro of that pecullar gray which does not mean & twilight depth of blue. They sre declded gray, admitiing of ail the steel tints from that of cold motal to the gleam and glittor of the polished ore,* Mr. Lincoln was probably nearor to David Davis sny other person; thosa two men were moch alike {u the rough, broad grasp of thoir mindesod thelr Sue, almost cannlng, Judgment, They yoemed to look through a telescope and feel with the hsnd of & monkey, There werse times when thelf friends thought both of them timid and vacillating, but that was because they wore determined uot t0 bave an opinloa and expreas it oo every minor sude Ject.—Graphle, ¥ Ish dot so! **A youog Turk foll In lovt with & Chelstian gisl. She loved bim I8 return, snd fnally, with deep agitation, gsv¢ Blm a plece of soap, He pressed it mad: Iy to his boiom, and went Lomo snd 100k his wmalden buth. lis fathcr was 80 enrsged the next day when he cauyht sight of his whit wkin that bo took the 1ad foto the wood-shed and whipped him to death, ‘That was tho beglaalag of by present dresdful Turkish war.” 4 Said a prominent opers-boufle actross to & dis~ 4 .| tingusbed suthor, complalning of her (rqublest *4 Dear Mr. B—, Taw in such s dllewams} The poor, dear Marquls 1s plagulog mato marry bl oo the one hend, und a partzer In Hothschild's Baok wants to makeme hle wife, on tho u‘h"'d What am I to dot” Replied the distingulsbe sathor to the opera-boulle actrcas: ‘¢ Marry b0 Uanker, my dear Mlss H—, Get himto take 8 l::am for you, sad I'll wele tha plece,"—Farid oar.