Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 10, 1877, Page 7

Lo VHIVAGU LRIBUINE BALURDAY, MARCH W, 18//—1TWELVE PAGES; CIVIL SERVICE. The Necessity for Its ~Reform. T U X R —— R.epdl't Maae vy Somumission- er Medill in 1871, Evils of the Present System of Filling Federal Offices. .The Manner in Which Those Evils May Best Bo . Remedied. Extending the Torm «f the Prosi- dent for Six Years, - And Making Him Ineligible for Immediate Re=slection. These Changes to Bo Booured by Con- stitational Amendment. Crircaao, December, 1871.—While concurring fu tho rccuminendations of the Civil-Serviee Board of Commissioners as far s thoy Lave goue, I desiro to state my opinfon and Jundg- Inent a8 to the best plan of securing a thorough aud lasting reform In the Clyil Bervice, in a sop-- arato report. The necessity and propricty of this course will be spparent when it {s scon that the plan proposcd by the Board as’ s whole i3 but a natural sequel, an unavoldable conse- quence, of what I have deemed it to be my duty to adylse. Thelr plan generally beglus, or rathcr follows, exactly where what I recomnmend leaves off. . After a long and carcfal analysis of - the evils which call for s reform in the Civil Bervice of United States, I havae been forcedto the con- tluslon that tho foundation of the evil ftsell begins fnthe ofics of THE PIESIDENT OF THH UNITED STATES, and that,there can be no rellablo roform what- ever of a carative character that does not begin in tho same high office, Any cliange {n the sys- tem which will leave the original cause of the evll untouched would be deceptive, or at least incomplete. Thero can be no refarm of the Civil Servica until the chlef officer of that Ser- vice shull be otuancipated from = servitudy which, ns crippling as it is degrading to the oflice and to the Incumbent, and which, cxtend- fng from the Prealdent to overy branch of the ' Uovernment, and turoughout ajl the ramiflca- tlons of tho Service, has rendered tho Clvil Ser- vico of the Unled States, (o Jarzo degres, but oan aggregation of fraud, jncompetency, and cor- ruption, humiliatiog, and forover growing worse. . The President of the United States fs elected for aterm of four years,and fa cligiblo to re- clection os often s partfsans and convention- managers desire him, or he can procure the formality of an election, Tlie shartness of this term, and the Inducement it held out for the fncumbeut to use ofileial power and patronage tare-clect himself, were discussdl in the Con- stitutionnl Convention of 1987, It was then proposed to mnke the term longer, and deay s re-clectfon. The great natfonnl obligation *hich the Unlon owed to the Mlustrious Presi- dent of that Convention, Gon. Washington, and | the unanlinous wish that tho country might not be deprived of his services so lonz ua o lived, W13, It {s reasonsble to assumie, the controlling reason why no limitation was placed upon the re-cieetion of & President. ‘The- Convention, morcover, recognized that the Constlitutlon ‘tsclC was but an experimont, and that, cven if teasonably successful, thue would develop what- ever imperfeetlons [t contalned; and, to remedy theso peacfully, ‘qulckly, and to the general satlsfaction, provision was made in the Consti- tution ftsclf for its ownamendment: “That part of the Constitution reapecting the-tenn of the Prestdent, aud which does not prolibit his re- electlon, ey P . IS WORKED DADLY, i and will continua to gruw worte 80 Jong as tharo Is no cffort to change It. Even as long 8go as Gen. Jnckson's flrst term, this subject bad ate ‘racted public attentlon, and, In his Inaugural uessuge to Congress, ho advised the extouslon 3 the terin to six years, and & restriction’ of tiglbllity to ove term. If this was tho feellng of a strony partisan, and Mmself a conspleuous Participaut in the use of oflices 08 o roward for Jartisan service, forty years ago, how much , Stronger must this matter address Itsclt to tho Judgment of every thinking man, who s not an oltlee-holder nor su offlce-socker, and whose dally earnings and accutsulutions are not drawn from the Public Treasury under a fletlon of services rendered? % 1, theretore, recommaond, as tho initlative of perinanent Clyil-Service leform, tho submis- elon of an g 2% SN g p et AMBNDMENT TO THE'CONSTITUTION, ~* maklng the Prusldent elactive for o terin of alz »lam. and not eligille to two terms In succes- slou. . h’]flm Constltution of the United States vro- cs: 1. “All Legislative powers hercin granted shall bo vested in a Congress of the United Blutes, which shall consist of & Bunats and a Mouse of Representatives," 3 2. “The Exccutive pawer shall be vested fu Fresldent of the Unlted Btates of Amurica,” B ©The Judicial power of the Unlted Btates, shall bo veuted I oue Buprens Court, nud In such tnferior Uourts ns tho Congress miny drom thno to time onlafn and establish,” Though It 18 not so stated, It fs tho cloar fm- ort of thess clauses, and of $hy wholo Constl- tutlon, that, tu the porformance of thelr re- pcetive dutles aud fuuctions, thesa depart- Wents wore tw be Independent, each not to be tucroachied upon by cither of the others, This Iulependeneo was vssentlal to the proper dis- taarge of duty. The roprosentatives of the leople wero ot to becoerced by the Exccutive, ho, fu turs, was to be ludepeodent In Lis own wiere of Congress; both were to leays the dudlclary frec, whilp thay tribuoal ws to ex- kuud, and pot make or exgeute, tia law,, .. Theevil of the CivilService of the United Bates i duo bo tho fac that thesa lunitations ol divisions of functions hayebeen . . .t FRACTICALLY BUUKEN DOWN; 2d now the Legislative and tha Executlve Wwers are placed fu 8 common pool, and used lorthe personal aggrandizement of the ofluial lcumbents, the prunder of the public, and the d:bauching of worals, public and private, . This aucieut ludepecdencs of the Executlye, Aal conscquently uf Cungress, must be revived. fore thers ean be any reform wortby of the mme; und, to prevent any relapse, there must % a constitutlonsl remova! of any Inducement \treto, The Prosident must, in the fulthfyl 7 consclentlous dlsvhurge uf lis high trust, 4¥e an wisuragee of permaunency and judepeuds euce. This is not possible durin; hort tern of four years, particularly wheu, before bo bas urly prescuted 1o Congress such measurcs se ke niay think ure nesdial to the country’s wel- T Intrigues are set ou fool for the Bomina-, ' of his successor. Bo lung as the President 4 ellgible to re-election, ha naturally feels thut ® b admiuister the Covernment sufficleot) ¥ell to cutltlo hun to ro<lection. The lm-ud’s’ Bum he bas appoluted to offles Bl his eurs Witk comwendations sud adulations, and Urge him wot ta oblect to w ro-lectlon, ci c u Salstcutly with bis Licas of tho uty o Siticed twesbis country, decllus avy requiterment of 40 ofticfal eluarud no matter what “the salri- € Wi > y de HELATAL tho poople way” dnand ot o [ A CANDIDATE FOH DE-ELECTION, nlullum.iumuv it ay be, Lut vot the less (n- tritally, the President sud ths At be- come a0 identifled that, except in the official forma, all that he rays and dors may ho attrib- vted as well Lo one as to the other, “To secure Iids re-lection, he feanson oMuins appotuted by lifm; he ds dictated to by them; he lv]mu anid Intrigues with them. 8cnalora and Membera of Cougress aro called in or obtnrle themeelves; they form a government within the Govern- ment. Thunc’fiemmu and Representatives who favorhis renoinination are, of course, pawerful {n this domestic circle, from which, neccasarily, all others nre cxcluded. From' this Junta i disoensed ofticlal patronage, and ait things are subordinated to sccura hig nomination for re- clection, Instead of being Treslident of the United States and of the whole people, or Pres- fdent even of the party, he becomes the mers Preeldent of that faction of s own rnlltlml ty which sciflshly dosires his re-clection. Ho rlllcmln\‘ll‘y brought Into colllsfon with every other ambitfous or aspiring man of his own. party, aud, as the time for nomination ap- proachee, there beging that strugglo sgatust which no Civll-Seryice Roform can hiopa Lo con- tend. The President is appealed to by his trusted friends to romovo this officer for want af fenity to or activity for Alm, and to put in that man who can make or control & vote In the Conventlon, Then begina that ntter disregard of public interest, Fealty to the President tog often overrides all other conslderatfons, and personal support s glven In return_for license 10 plunder the Public Treasury, and to conmit oftlcial crinies which, in other countries, would e punished as folonles. i Prealdent, for the time, becomes the BLAVE OF TiIE OPFICENOLDERS to whom ho tooks for such aid as will renom! nate him3 while the officehalders, fn turn, b come his ]xcnchmcn.—humlnr their places upon the sole tenura of personal service to the Presi- dent, which too often is accepted as substitutes for fitness, computency, and Integrity. In like anner, Congress becomes n lea ing part of tha Presidential-nominatlon system, The Presi- dent coerces Menbers of Congress into his sup- port, aud 8 cocreed into reciprocal obligations 1o them, They become mutuaily dependent on the partisan michinery that each controts. The Presldent wants - the support of Senators and Repreaentatives; thoy want offlecs for their sup- porters and clansinen. Conslderatlons are ex- changed; bargains aro struck; the whole &ullcy. of the Administration_resolves Itsolf into the renomination and re-election of the Pm-mnnti aud, to promote this, publlé Interests, the Clvil Service, aud all elc, are wantonly sacrified. 1If tho Presldent were elieible but for onc term of 'six or soven years, thero wodld bo a louger perlod of healthful roposs than now. The excltement of a general election, with its corrupting and demorallzing concomitants, oe- curs too often, Hardly {s tha one Alection over before the plots and plans for.the succssslon bugin, 1 £ If the ouo term be final, and for six or seven years, the President theo would have - but oune overruling purpose: to 8o administer the Gov- ernment that his name’ would be remembered honorably In Wis country’s history, and to de- serve, upon his retirement, ‘the " parting com- mendation, - * . . o ' WELL DONE, 000D AND PAITHPUL AERVANT' Tho time now wasted in plotting for re-elec- tlon, and In traflicking to that end, would be devated to the public intercats, to the enforco. ment of the laws, to the good of the wholoe peo- vle, to fosterinie all Intcrests, to weediniz out bad nod fncompetent publie officers, and to the detection and’punisument of defauliers. The Prealdent woull ‘be reasonably ‘Independent of ' Congress, frce of dictation from ' ame’| Litfous and grasping Mombers, aml Moved of - the “turmoll an: de;‘:rnda- tion of tho present system of apportioning patronage, Members ob' Congress, no longer under personal obligations to the President, and no ionger compelled to support him for re-clection, would azaln hecorne, as It was (n- tended Uw{ should alwaya be, unbiased and un- controlled by the Executlve, ' IT, 1 what has been sald_of the humlllnfl:E conditions to which: the- President is reduct \vhuniuncz he becomes a candidate - for re-clec- tion, thero Ia anything Which pains the sensi- bilitlos of an American cltfzen proud of hia country and of her institatlons, how mich worse, If possthle, {s tho' shameless attitndo in which Members of Congress place themselves, or are forced to take, under tho prescnt aboml-, nable system | 3 ] e What tho Presidant 1s.to the whole Civil Sery- fco, that s aach Member of Qunrress within his own district, or {n tho territorial area of which he Is rocognized as an almoner of Execu- tivo patronage. * No sooner 18 a politiclan elect- cd a Represcntative than he has to plot and n- trigue for his re-clectlon, Ilis muin capital ofton conalats In the distribution of Federal patron- ;Fc. 1o fsnot truly arepruscntative of the peo- pie; he, in fact, - e " HEPHESENTS TIIX DUMMERS AND SCALAWAQS who packed County Conventlons, bribed or buls lled delegates, and fureed by fraud, and often by violence, nis nomination.” To these men, to - whom hu' 13 indebted for official breath, he is under ‘coptroct to . have’ them appoluted to officcs, and to oflices fn whicn thoy eau make Jnouey In- excess ‘of “the lezal “emioluments, These are the means by which,:many moen got elected to Cougress. Eachof thess Hewd-Cuntrvs of ofllco-gettng rings depcnds for Lis re-cice- tion upon the President and his Secrotaries rat~ Hfying and carrying fnto exccutlon all these corrupt contracts: with the bullics,, thioves, phinpa, and other shnmeless wrotchos to whouthe owes his pluce. He goes to Wushington nomn- inally 08 a Member of Congress, but, fn fact, as an offlce-broker, who has alrendy sold out uvn'? Federal offlco th bis dlstrict, snd who depends upon the President adopting s his own these sules to thy caucus-manipulators of the coun- try. When clected, Le cannot forego hils pledges, Bharp upou his heels folluw theso Lreatures, demanding the price of his election, They treat him as thely slave, In'thelr Lehalt e Tiounds tha Sceretaries and Headsof Bureaus; lie bocomos a tixture In the Excentiva antes room, log-rolls with other Members, and deaplses himself beyond imeasures but knows the tnexorablo neeéasity of getting from the Presfdont what ho has promised his supporters at tome. Unfortunately, the President, sevke fugn re-olection, needs the services of all such Members of Congrees; they are nec ur{ to unge another, Tlelr mutual necessity plaves them ou a lovel, und the Civil Servico is sunk to n lower depth, ~ Mcu thus elected, men thus re- tuined fn Congress, ure, of course, the naturul result of u . § v DEPRAVED BYSTEM OF. CIVIL BHRVICE. Harily loss mean, and certainly moro caleulated to debdueh puhl‘u morals, than the open pur- ehuse of on clection to Congress with money, is the obtuining it by the use of Executive patrons sre, In the onb case, the briber and the brihed aro the ouly parties to the diseraceful transuc: tloo. Iu thic other, the President of the Unis Btutes, cocreed by Ihu,exlk: ncles of Lis own ambition, delegates to' o Lard-pressed or un- principted candiduto for Congress the Executive power of appointment, that uther unprincipled Wrotches may degradu the Clvil Service snd rob the public Tevenues. Members of 48 thus elected, and for such purposes, ore [bele on the Constitution. Thay unllcnl]l{ kuow nothing of public affules or statesmanship, nor do they try to learn. Thoy rarely rise above the level of the cauicus-buinuicrs by whom they aro sclocted, nor often apply theinselves to any businces beyond the perpetuation of their own otlicial existence and vetention of ofiles, By making the President personally fudepend- ent of thes wen, by taking from film all fn. ducements for bartering patronago for personul support, hocan aiford to repudinte wll theso disreputably contracts by candidates | for Congress; and Members ~ of Congress, un- able any lunger to control 'Federal patronage, must depend on merit and useful gervice for roe vleetion, ). 'Fhis aume ovil system extends more or less to the election of Benators, It controls the ap- “ulmnmm of District Attorncys, | Foreign Mivisters, Consuls, ‘Perritorial officers, und perhaps of Juldges. Competitors for the' Sen-* ate may relinquish thelr aspirations in favor of an fucurubent for & bigh or & profitable ap- pointment; and to get such appointinents, to 11 such coutracts, from the Presldent, unavoida- I:lléy places the Benatorlal candldate for re-elec- tlou re- ' UNDER OBLIGATIONS TO THE RXECUTIVE, wholly fuconslstent with the dignity anud inde- pendenca that should bo fuseparabfu from the oifice, ‘It fa not an fmprobable event that the two Senators from o 8tate may each buve a dis- tinct sce_of followers 1o be provided for, and then the Prosldent has to scloct one of heso us & supporter, making the other bis enemy. Ow- Ing to the vicious system now 0 overation, ho must rewsove the bepchen of tho one, aud ap- buiat the retainers of the other, even 1o the ex- tent of dismnissing ability aud Integrity, wnd to installing incompetent and dishoucst pursuns fu oifice. ‘This contest {3 not determined by tho aeton of the President with regard to tho dis- tribution of patronage,—it cxtemuls to ull mess- ures of 8 Legllativo character, The rujected aspiraut fur Executive fayor sces nothing coms tncidable fu anyihing tho President may uro- &) while the Executive fuvorite accests the Vrealdentlal ‘wishes with mory thaa Oriontal subserviency. It is not Lmupossible that the ratitication br defeat even of treatics wuy turn unon the fssue whether tho President wal re- Inove ouo unpriucipled otfcial, backed by Beua: tor A, to muke roun for & more uuanudrlud oflice-huntar, backed by Beastor B. Perhaps members of the Civil-Seryice Commisston, well read as thoy ure In the bistory of the country, muy recall ore than one indtancs of such UNSESNLY ARD DISORAQEVUL CONTRSTS betwoen Scuators for Executive peelsrunce by the distribution of patronage, which coutests have been canjed with venomous vigor futo State Conventions, aud tnto the local'elections of the States. The fuct that the Exccutive faterfercs at all n the futereats of candidutes fur otlice, olaciug at thelr dlsposal appolntacs to the CIvll Bervice, is used hy Members of Congreas—falacly it may Le, but neverthetess used by them—as i threat to coceee Federaf ofitos-uliders Into thelr aip- port. Take, for instan.o, sume man thrown to ther surfaze'In the perilons lme of civil war, when discrimination s but looscly exercised, and he who brawls the loudest may be sceepted In the place of better men, 1t s not so e\u‘y to Ret Fid of these men when the occasfon which ealled them from thelr proper obscurity lins passed. How great s the national iumiilation when such 2 man ofTers himaclf for a hich offlce, ar, for instance, Governor of his 8tate, and travels ahout among the ncorlr-, clalming that he s the chofee of the Presldent, and warning Federal ofllco-holders who do not pack Conven= tlons in_ his hehalf that, when cl culed}lhu will reaulre thelr removal to make roumn for his sup- porters. That man's support In Congress s so essentinl to the President that ontraged docency \rII‘I 'l'gél permit bis heing branded as a falsificr and libeler, J The result of all thie, which is bnt faintly stated, s, that tha Clvi] Bervics Iins become A NATIONAL BUAME. . Oneof the most deplorable cunsequences of this condition of affairs is the exclusion, as a rule, of tha beat men In thacountry from officeof a1l grades, and Lhelr exclusion even from & candi- dacy which requires corrupt hargalns for noimn- inations and & sacrifice of snlf-respect fn order to induce the Preaident to raulfy those contracts ‘for thosale of Federal offices, “The exclusion of this class, and the filling of all ofllces with the antipodal tribe, {a felt ln thio Ineflicient Scrvice, where thres men are employed to do the work of one competent oflieer, anil the work ftsoll is neyer satistactorily perforined. .- Another cffect of this system Is the general deterloration of official life. 1t destruys honor- able nmbition. Jis cifect upon the young men of the country fa mast pernicious.” They see that honor Is 10 longer reapected ) that principlo commants no attentlon; thnt, to'be stecosstul, ona must atnk to thie level of the degraded poll- ticlan who, from the eross-romd Postomaster to the P'resident, buya position by contract, render- ing one disreputable’ service for another. The consoquence 15 a loss of common Imncu%. a lowerin of the alins of all men seeking offve, and tho substitution fora hizh and honorahle ambitlon of the groveling purpose to get offive o make money by whatever means, even to the levy and acceptance of blackmail, the employ- ment of bribery, snd all the other modes Hy which dignity, inteilectual eapacity, and experi u;wo are th aside to make room for corrup- tion. The carcful observer of this system will readily comprehend that It all rests upon the neral assumptlon of the power to control the Prestdent In the distribution of patronagoe, OWINO TO HIS BURNING ANXIBIT TO DR.RB- BLECTED. ‘Tha President. Is not to blame exclusively, Whoever lie may be, lic Is not mortal. The men are intrequently born who can be expected to reeist the seductlonsof a secoud terin In the highest office of the world, or who witl volun- tarily withdraw from or ‘dccline the digulty when nrqad apon them, FEven the present li- cumbent, Gea, Grant, giftod with a determination -and obstinuey such as fow men possess, cannot escape froin the entanglement of the syst Thura can be no reform n the Civil Servieo which doea not include a reduction of the nume ber of officials, ‘There can be no efficiency so lorig ns there are two me to do the work which oncought to perform. There can be no hopa of reduction in the number of ofticers so lung as the present mode of sclectiun continues; on tha contrary, the demand for additional unrulnl.- meuts (s forever inade. Ofllces aro dupheated for nu other reason than to mako places for the henchinen of Congressional aml other partisans of the President seeking n re-election. To re- duce the number ot officers fs to tnke away tho sule workinw capltal of the present systems overy time an office Is abolished, that much patronage and trading capital is cut off, aud the possibility ot (nuumr«tencr. fraud, and pecula- tion Is to that extont provented, Agzainst this reforin the ontiro offldal force of au Adinlnis- tratfon fa opposced, It is to deprive somubody of the means of casy livelthood. Any true Civil-Service system must include a slmplifics- tion of business by . CUTTING OPF ALL USKLESS OPFICES, s woll ns disinissing all supcrnumerarv olllcers. Such consoiidation "of oflicas and reduction of numbers will necessitate capacity and futegrity; and, when these hocomo the qualifieations for oftice, tbers will bo competitive appleations from honest anid futelligent men, actaated by honorable ambitlon, and not secking place for the piunder it affords. When tho reforns liercin Indicated shall have Leen wrouglit; when the Presklent shall cease to be a candidate for re-election, and be no longer dupendent upon -Members of Congress for renomination; when Moemn- Lers” of Congress will b compelled to commend themselves for clection by other menis than by dickering In Federal offices; when the .Clvil Seryice shall be mode sym- mutrieal by cutting off all useless places, und the force reduced to the actual number needed; when there will be no places but those of neces- sity, und no fncumbents but men capable of per- forming tho dutles,«—there will bo a hoalthfal change. in the politics_and o “the political partics of the country. Princlples andmensures will come to the front, and priuciples und per- ponal worth will deterimine the sclection of can- didates, fustead of patronage. A higher class of meit will become candidatos for all nll\cu' drom the President down, The designation of caudidates will be made by reprosontatives of tha people, and not by the Prctorfan Guard, ‘The present downwand tendency of sentiment us_ to -olficlal integrity and ‘character will be arrested: the present seemlugls-nccepted ofliclal indifterenca to publie opinion wift bo checked: the gencral wide-spread falthlcasness to ullical trust will be extirpated; the pressnt low estimate by otllcers of their obligations to the public, and the low motive of personal rain which Induces them to seek place, will be suce ceedad by higher and nobler sentintents, The eifect of the present system on public morals Is EXTREMELY PARNICIOUS, Wo aro all creaturcs of cxample, Each of us has—uncousclously it tay be—a standard by Which our Judgment Is controlled, It {s nataral thut the whole people Took up to thelr rulers, who are theorctically clionen beeauso of thelr superfor virtues, A hizh chamcter, a pure pa- triotism, an undoviating honesty fu ofliclal po- sition, have an cffeet upon the general wind, The csamplq promates and fuspirca purer and nobler sentimentsamony the pooplegenerally; it reaches wholo communities, Jeading theim to tha cuitlvation of morality, and to the erection of o higher standard of public and porsonal credit, If, on the other Land, the rulers bo lowr-toned; §f thelr thelr alin be personal and [mulmury aggrandizement; 1f their policy bo he Iublcn‘lcuc{ul ublic to private Intorvat,— the succeas of this olliclal turpitude 1s most de- monalizing, The temptatlon to young men, and to such men of du!su:mlu fortuncs as ba- bituully control our polltics, to amass wealth without Inbor, is ovirwhelming. It unnerves tho tmoral strength; §t debauches the judge- ment. To this we owe the wide-spreud sentl- ment that there Is o distinction between rob- bing tho safo of o citlzeu and robbing that of the Goverument; Lo this wo,owe tho devlorahle foct that socluty apens ull ity doors to the suce cessful robber Of the Nation, und lavishes its choleest fuvors upon him, when, had ho taken Lut w tithe of the mouvy from another citizen, hie wunild be spurued as a felon, THE MOST APPALLING CINCUMBYANCH In our present uatloual condition is, that this distinetion in crime {8 the prevafling sentiment {nverulnx: the Civl Bervies of the Unlted States, K 8t Nuw York Cityl Fortuuately, (t is une neceasury to seck Hlustrutions smonz uncons victed otlicials, 'These men aeted only on the satwe principle to whichi the collection ol Fedoral revenue is nnh{oct: that, so long as an olllcer does not rob his neighbor’s house, does uot mal- treat his wife in public, atteuds church, is 03! tatious in charltis, and geverally obaeryes thu suclal propricties, there ia' nelther personal nor ofiiclal crimo v plundering and robbing the Giovernment, and, through the Government, tha sgaredato public, . I we honestly wish toreformn, et us begin at the right pluce.” Do not et us start out, %ulrlnz whether tho clerks w thy Generul Tost: Oflce Department understand butany and ps- tronwuly sublleleatly to bo uble to muster” loug, diviston and yulgar fractions, but let us begin with the oilice of Prestdeut of the Unlted States. Let us scparate that Ligl otllve from the contrul of Members of the Natlonal Legislature, Lot us muake ft {ndependent in fte copstitutlional sphiere, and release tho incumbent from the necessity of earrying out the corrupt bargains of Membera of Congress, und of giakiug equally corrupt burgaing Liumell with guch Mcwbers for their support. Let us restore and seeurg him his coustitutionul suthority of makiog apt polntments, which has becu usurped by Sen- stors aud Representatives, who, o fact, parcol out mmoug themsclves wil appolutmcnta, and make all removals, degrodlug the President to tho condition of & were recording clerk to sign commbsslons of ollicers appoiuted by othere. Let hilm b sccured fn that freedomm .of chofes, sud freedom to comslder the publio luterests, which are now deuled bim, . 1t wyuld e fujustive not to say that all Mem- bers of Congress, all persous belonzing to tho Civil Bervice, ure not of the charscter herciube- fore given generally. Thero are wany honora- ble cxveptivns, and these exceptious serve to show how DVEVUL AND LONORABLE CONGKE3S MIGHT BY Af the Mewmbers could Lo clected by thy people frea of the induence of Exccutive patronage, und fros of tho agenry aud coercvs supervision of men bolding oflice, ‘Lhe men In Congress. who respect themsclves and their trusts too bighly Lo ageruvate the abuses of the Civll Servics bY Klexm unlng upon tho public personal servitors, vd couveution-packers, aud gencral vuuflud strikers, aro held fn_contempt by thelr assoc- ateasand find conzolatlon and comfort in the Iuteliigence and reapect of their rural constitu- rnts and nelghbora, to whom corrupting and demornlizing agemicles of the Civil Serviro aa now adminlstered hove not yet Leen success- fully extended. 8o too, In the Civil Service, there are many monuments of better thnes, many escapes from the viclous operation of a depraved axstem, There nre fome pereons who do not hold their offices by Conererafonal dic- tation, and eome winss competenny has pre scrved them Lo prevent the public business from falling tnto fmbecilo confusion, We hnye now reachied n time in our national afTulrs when we can apply onrselves to this re. form, &nd where, if there be a will todo o, it can he nucu:umfly carrled out. There {s no reason for Its postponcment, and the necessity evident, " All the great, overwhelming queations which have disturbed the _country for half = century bave heen scttled. The” one Aabsorbing Issie, after produclog eivil war, hias bocn disposed of foraver. All other questions of a moinentous character have heen guie Thero Is xicuural polltical tranqullity, TheG ernment has before it n celin sea, with plain nalling. We have now reached that point when we can address ourselves to the guestion of the purification of the Guvernment from the ahuses wiideh have grown up under the shadow of the excitements and contentlons a'out other mat- tera, Hefore other Iasuna arise, before other toplies come “F upon which the conntry will he again divided, it {s the duty of goisl men to unite ami appeal to the people to dechie whethes this Lnion of ours cannot be made a Govern- wment, Iu practice as well 24 in theory, ot HONEST, TAITIFUly AND COMPETENT MEN, he efeet of thin reform In the adminlstra- tlou of the Natlonal (iovernment woull suon Lo felt throughout the country. Example {8 irre- sistible. ‘The ntntses which have grown up In the Btate and Muuicipal Governments have but kept pace with those tn the Civil Scrvice of the General Goyernment, Under the force of the reform It the Natfonal ' Government, lonesty would hecome once miore a qualliication for ofllcial trust: men of intellect would once more be presented for public otlice, and they would no longer avold such places through fear of defilement,” The Republie, In all its depart- ments, Nntional, ftate, and Municipal, wonld once more be poverned honestly, economically, and wiscly, and by men Intetlectually great an personally withuat reproach, For the reasons already stated, T do not con- slder any enduring reform n the Civll Service practicahle untll there fs a_radical changein the tenure of the office of the President, This can ONLY DE DONE BY A CONSTITUTIONAL AMEND- MENT,— an frrepealable law, It §s not enfe to leave thia matter subject to Leglslative discretion, My, Madlson, in the Federalisf, in dlscussing the necessity of protecting each departiment from encroncliments by the others, says: ‘The pravislons for defense must, fn this as in all other cases, be commensurate to tho Jdanger of the attack.” Ambitlun must be made to connteract ambition, The intereat of the man must be con- nected with the conctitational rights of tha place. 1t may be a reilection on human nature that such duvices ahould be necessary ta control the aburen of governwent. But what Is government jtaelf but the greatest of all reflections on huinan natare? 1f men were angels, no governwent would bo necessary, If anvels wero to govern men, neither external” nor Internal controls gavernment would bs necessary. In forming {overnment whicl [« to be aamninlatered by men over micn, tho preat difiiculty liea §n this: you muet first enable the Uovernment to control the' governed; and. In 8o noxtplace, obllga it focontrol itscit, A dopend- ence on the peoplo s, 10 d.ubt, the primary con- trol on the (lovernment; Lut experience han tanght mankind the neceasity of auxiliary precautlons, The amendinent to the Constftution which I conskder essential us o preliminary to all efforts for reform in tho Civil' Service might provide substantlally: AnticLe —. The Bxecutlye Xewel #hall be vest- ed in a Preaident of the United States of Amnerica, Ia shall hold his ofice during the torm of six years, but shall not be eligible for a second term, bl six yeara after the cicse of the term for which o was elected. Whon an ameniment to the Constitution, substantlally like the sbove, Is_ndopted, a sofid foundation iill bo Iald on which & permanent and honost Civil-Service structure can bo reared. Yours, .+ MepiLL. —— The Famous Moabite Stone, Londan Tiner, In tho ssme room with Alfrod Vickers' pict- ures isa vcri cleverreductlon, by a lady, of the famnous Moabite Stoue which was discovered in 1809, The origina), it will be remembered, was found at Dhiban by the Rev. F. A. n, & French clorayniav, emplosed by iho Englleh Misalon, in_the pusscasion of the Brue Huin- adaly, one of the wildest Arab tribes, who hod long kept It with great jealousy as bcing pos: sessed of superuutural powers, ~ All sttompts to purchase tho stone through native agents failod, and even the appeal of ‘the Bultan did not sullco to give possession of It. In the end the Arabs, fearing that they should be deprived of 1t, determined to destroy it, and this they attempted to do by first Leatiog 1t by n fira Nt underneath it, and” thow, when it was red lot, throwlng suddenly cold water overit. It was In this way effectually broken Into pleces. But, fortunately, M, Clermont Granneay, the learned phillologist aud now Professor at the Sorbonne, in Paris, bad succeeded in taking what {8 called * @ squeezo " or clay impresslon from the face of the stone, aud, after it waa broken, Capt. Warren, of the I'alestine Ex‘nornuun Expedi- tlun, touk squeczes of the two larzer frazments, ‘The stone In fragments was eventually secured for the Fronch “Giuvernment, and aflter great caro tho recoversd fragments were put together and the restored tablet now remains Pruervcfl in the Lonvre at Parls, 1t measurca four feet one fuch in height by two feet two fuches In breadth, haying an arclied top and syuared base, and heli about tey {nches in thickuess, The model now exhibited fs made ton_scalo of a quarter the slze of the nrlfilnnl. and evidently Wwith the greatest aceuracy that skill and paticnce could exert, ‘Tholctters have each one been copied faithfully, and all the joinings of the frazments whero they show at ull, so that wo have belore us in n portable forin this pricelesa and most Interestivg relic. . The letters are i stralght lues across the face of the stune, and they uro consldered by the authorities [n these abstruse questions of palwograpby to be fn the samo characters ns those used Ly David in the Psalma and by Solomon In his currespondence with liram, King of Tyre, To mive some idea of the form of “tho letters, it may be sald that they -resemble our_ordinary Arahic uuwmierals, letters like the “‘7. 4, and 0 oeenps ring froquently, and others like our Romon Y and 1%, They are all fuctsed, and appear to have heen cut In by some hard and sharp tool. - As fo thu dats’ assigned to this record, which bod been all rewd and travsluted b M. Clermont Gangeau, it has been contl tlently stated by the Count de Voguo to have been engraved fn the nd year of Abaz, King of Isracl, 1t is, therefore, older thau the Home erie pocins, na we kuow them throngh lomer, at leaat, and older than the famous iuserivtion of Ashmunuzar, probably B0 B, C. Althongls certalu discrepanclvs rediain to be cleared up, no doubt Is felt as to the guneral tenor of the in- scrintion, A teanslation of It has Leen publishe ¢d and may be obtahied of the Palestine Explo tion Soclety, and wo ‘)reluum, also, that coples of this excellent model may bo obtalned by those luterested In this subject, At nony rate, too mch cannot be suld {n commendation of the ereat skill and paticnco dovoted to this copy of the famous stone. ——e— e A Temperauce Movement. Beveral nuw dining and tea rooms ave been openad it London fur the purpose of providing workinzuen with cheap luiichos without Yioior, One of these 13 s cafe fu Bt. Paul's Clnrchyanl, Where 2,000 clerka lunch or dine daily, binfug the attructions of o confectloner's shop, 8 lwncheon-bar, dinfag-yooins, reading and sinoking th p\u-e is unlike “temperance hall,” "Fables of gray marble are ranged_along the muddle and Wdes of sud lofty dining-room, whers Mght, h entllation have been carefully studi 8 throughout are padded sh) thut gves a cheery ook to the pluce; und alutiugs of same mertt will b hung on the 5 to relievo the prevailing tlat tinte, Bee afdes the lunchéon-bar und abiop down-stuirs, and the dining-room, this building contuins s ladies’ tea-room, & grill-room, a reading-room, and lavator] e reading-room, whers cullce Is scrved and the soothing weed is not prohib- ited, is on the top floor, su that the diucrs are ot aunoyed by tho fumes of tobacco. The abo- {Iluun of duees to walters Is un execllent {nuova- lou, ——— Ment fur Luvallda The following method of rendering raw meat palatable to Invulids s given fun the Jndustrie Aluelter: To 8.7 ouuces raw meat frowm the loin, add 2.8 ounces shelled eweet almonds, .17 ounces shelled bitser aliwonds, and 2.8 ounces whlta sujgar,—tocss to be beaten together in w marble wortar to o uuiform pulp,and the Sbres separat- £d by a strulucr. The pulp, which a ros hue and m?r agrecable tuste, doca bot 4t uf roumind oo of meat, und tnay o kept freah for & cansiderable tlue, evon in sumwer, iu -u?-, §ool Mace. Yolk of egt may by added 1o ft! From thls pulp, or directly from the ubove sub- stauccs, au cmulsion may by prepared which Wil be rendercd till oro nutritious by adding milk. Lallicr prefers 8.5 ounces dried raw meat, 1.4 ounce sugar, .7 ounce wine, and 1 ounce tine ture of ¢inuawon. All nervous, cxbausting, sod palnfol dleceses speeuily yleld o the cusitive (nuChCes of Pulver macher s kleclrle' Beity and Haods, - “They 'aro snfey wiuiple, xud ellective, and can be canlly ap Pll-& by the patlent hiwself. Book, with falf par icutars, walled fros. Aduress Pulverumacher Usl- vaule Co., Claciousty, O, RURAL INTERESTS. The Butter and Egg Convention Con- | cludes Tts Interesting Sessions, A Portion of Yesterday Devoted to Dise cusslng the Subject of Poultry. While the Remainder Was Chiefly Given up to the Hated Oleomargarine, The Respective Merits of Welsh Tubs, Ash Pails, Tin Clamps, Eto. Btanding Committees Selectod.--Tho Oustomary Besolutions---The Adjournment. - MORNING SESSION. rouLTRY. The third and last day's session of the fourth ann Convention of the National Butter, Checse, and Areoclation, opened yesterday morning in. tho ladies® ordinasy of the Gramd' Paclfic, Mr. George 1%, Gooch presiding, Mr. A. S, Albro mpoke on {he best breeds of voultty, In hin opinlon the best breed was the black Spanish, aithough lie qualificd this sta ment romesehat by adding that 1t was more a qu tionof fecd than 1t war of breed, Farmers had yet to learn romething in rezanl to taking proper caro of ponltry. Chickens atould have food pre. pared In thu very. hest wray—uot oita or corn In the graio, bot ground oats, ground com, occaslonully mixed wlih bolled potatoes, other onimal about the fann, thought Mr. Albro, was #o genezally misused as the hen, e olso had romething to ray sbout the egg question. The praper wny to st exes for. hatchin: to put them with the small end down, 1t was & mista! {0 turn eggn aver—a practice In vozue among most Eastern dealers when they had recelved a consign. ment of them. Eggs placed with the small end down would keep twice un long us when placed In nny ather position. The inalde~the yolk—of the cge roee, but never fell; hence It did not come in contact with the surronnding shell If the eggs were placed on the small end, and no damage resuited. 1o sdvocated packing the egga n cases, hls exporl- enco fn packing ‘and shipping having tasght him that they kept best when put up in that way, Mr. Goodwin~Did you ever mre an egyin the nest on its little end? [Laughter, } Mr. Albro—No; nor I never saw a chicken hang- ing by the feat until It was killed and hang up in the market, [More laughter,] But Mr. Goodwin was not to. bo put down, and contended that cgga kept better when Infd on thelr sldes than when placed on the small end. MR, 0'DONATIOR spoke for half an honr or more, advancing opln- dous quite slmilar to those of Mr. Albro, snil closs ing with the remark that his trouble wen that he bad more thonghts to express than he had words in which to clothe them. He mentloned, Incidentally, that he had a proceas for prescrving exrs, and lovited dealers to send hin samples, which he wonld treat with the patent egg-preserv- er, aud aliow them to tho embers at the next cou- ventlo A practical gentleman In tho back part of the roowm sald Ms experience had tsught him that the Leat way to prescrve epgn wan Lo sbip them as soon s possiblo aftor they were zathered, and get them onthe market. [Laughter,] Ecveral of the gentlemen who were down onthe programme for cssays were abeent, and the discus. slon took & gencral tarn. In regard to the NEST WAY OP PACKING DUTTER, Mr. Addy recorded Limself as In favor of the white ash plckl:¥~tnbu. ; Mr. Rhodes, of New York, sald the Perkins half. firkin tubs, tho white-ash pails, aud the retarnable pnll;wemcnmldcmd the best In the New York marker. r. of Now York, sald s word In behalf of the Welsh tubs, Afr, Rhodes aald the Walsh tuls would do well eniouzh for 10-cent butter, but fn packing fne batter white-ash tubs were prefersble, Thin sroused the Ire of foveral gentlemen uring X tubs, who proceeded to sdvocste thelr merits, . ‘The President asked for opinfons from gentle. men repreventing the large Eastern warketn as to wohal tioy regarded us the bost kind of packages for Western butter. Mr, Mitclicll, of Boston, sald the deals r in his ciiy Tuuked un packagen put ap in Welsh tubs with the moat favor, Mr. Junea, of Philadelphia, sald the fa tub in hia clty for the JoLbing trade was the Welsh tibs while for the Illlm)hlx trade the 1U0-pound fikin was most dealrable. Mr. Kennard, of Baltimore, nsed tha Welsh tub, Smyproved wire fastenings. of white e, with the Theru were 1o slzes, which were equally desira- Dle,—tho forty-pounds net and the Sfty-pounds nct, 1o consldered the wire fasteuings one of the best tmproveincuts that had Leen introduced for many years, —sud they didn't cost much either. Me, Audy tavored s tin fasteninge. Hodid \r. Fy New Y of Hoston, who unted the samclobjec. on, and ndvised everybody nsiug thom fa s surgeon found. 1le' was fu favor of the oid- fushiloned tin strap, ..\lr. Kunott, of Chlcago, also favored the tin [l eap, Mr. Kennard, of Dalttwore, wllghlml the discus. aton had come Up, - Tow oftcn had he scen shinzle nuils, pleces of boot.strape, and pieces of bluck{ng Voxes uncd in fastening packages, . Addy tiought this didn't upeak vory well for altimore. Rennard ssld the buttor so done yp bad come from the 3 Mr. Btewart, of fows, was in favor of the wire clunp, e could put np u packae provided with thie arrangement fn much lesa time than when it Wis 10 be put up In any other way. Mr. Forris and uther receivers wero In favor of the tins, which, besides being more wafe, could be ttred & second time, When tho clawps wero bent they wers useless, Mr. Felton, of the Emplro Line, sald that a nu- ber of ;Ilclmrel provided wilh the clampe went over hils line luet summer, snd when they arrived at thelr destination not & it, and the clatnps were broken, Mr. Lawrence, of the Unlon Line, lLad voticed that the tope camu off whether tho tins or tho clsinps were need, and bie attribated this to bad workinansilp In fastening on the covers. o o two Enstern men eatiier Insinusted that Western shippers made unduo elaims for tare. M. Albro und othiers rescated this in & ratber les i . S Mr. Ferrid, of tho 8pectal Committee on * OLEOMAROARINE, said there were two. zullltunlu ltutorested In the nanntaclare of this subsiitute, or the oil, [u the nited Statee, They were the Unlted States Dairy Company, which sold royalties, and whlcl had & capltal of §8, 00d, 000, and the' Commercial Cow- Hluny. of New York, with a capital of &4, 600,000, 'he formersold putents aud made the oll, whilv the latter not unly madu the oil, bat a0 what iy called oleomarzarine, The Commerchul Compauy ured from 100,000 to 125,000 ponads of tallow dally in the manufacturo of the oil. There was slso a Cinclunat] company which bad the right 1o annfacture the oil and sell it, s wellaw the vloo- mergarine, The oll wan mustly sent to Europo— ouly about 10 per cent of it belng made into- bug. terin this country, From Mr. Ferrds® experience In Nuw York he did not think tlie lut s, On wae 4 loslng Veuture, Vorlous it 10 him for rale, Lut, after b yeare' expericuce, he could say ‘thot' it valavle, "The kers, porticularly, wouldu't use I, even when they would get 1€ at veey low srices, except, sometimiey, wha substituto for fard. [ohio whio hisd ot At oty ot iee wor 14 naati. Me Fueele didu't think olcomaryar conbd vome Into competliion with good bhutt riply beeaven 1t hadut the daver of that whicl niado batter valunble,—the deliclous favor of the crvam. It hud been usss W sows extent in the Nurtheru vherics, bug the peoplu thero wore 1o Lo forgiven, because’ they didu’t know good butter when theyaaw it 17 it could b osed anywhers It could be used in America, ccato Ausericans consumed uore butter than tho [nhabi- tauts of England, Frence, and Uecmauy comblued. liut 3t coulda's bs made lable v suy yeeut ex- tent lu this country, snd_therefure the bulk of it wassent o Lurope, The oleumargariny which they Lad tried to sell | w York was of 8 good wrder, but yet it wouldn's sell, and the expeclucnt had been o'l fallure. A delegute asked Sfr. Ferris whether tho oleo- inargarioo wen sold e product for butier o for wlmi It really wae —a substitute. Ar, Ferriswald be yuderstood that the mlflm of thew sold it as oleomargarive, but b suppo: wume dealers sold it for Lulter, « Mr. W, W, Dexter, of thy rogular Comuilitee on Olcomargarine, reported that bls commitice was fu favor of {urowing overbord the resulutions optod, a1 Philadelpbia last fall, and of adopting, in thele stead, uwerl ‘utly adopted by the Chicago P Exchange. Thete were do- clded ubjectivns to_the Philadelpula resolutions, ‘They made [§ su offense o wanufacture this oleo. margariue, whof rado didu's tare & rush bow much of tho stull was wade, provided it was suld oo its wmerlis, —as ultom‘r{lllnfi. and not as Lutter. ‘Tho new resolutions, Be thought, would ylacu the matter i Ita proper llght, ‘The Conventlon recousidsred tho vota by Which the Pullsdelpbis resolutlons Led been sdopted, aud then adopted, without discusslon, TUE FOLLOWING KKSOLUTIONS, read by Me. C. F. Dexter: ckage hod a cover on = io tratic tna certala ance, nowa tu 88 vlcouiargarine, whic bia tuads o Trom catile: fat: of Lott sigt & wiarket value o ceuulus butier, but casentlally aifebent 1o (6 cheuilcal consUituenis aud greatly fufcrior t Lutter as &a arlcle o foudi Wigkxas, The aforcaald compound so far rescmbles Butter (a general character aud wppearance Lhat biauu- facturers and dealers cii aud o adl 1L 6 unwary or Li- ELor iy iense, {nformed bnyers aa Untter made wholly from cows’ mil. and. r cream iras, Bicl f the aforcssld eompound atlon of the duyrre aud ol ately fran, T of e aricle, detrinient to the Interesta of nakere df geaning hutter, d the entire trade thereln, and tend to destroy the reputation In farelgn countrise of the prodoct of the American Datey, and (0 ehack the raoldiy Inerensiog rel expart trade the! % ttonsl Rat. wwerhbicd, 1 hierefore, be It members of The ¥ anired, That and we whoss hames may be andersigne afactnrt £ of and dealers in hut:er, declare that the atoresald enmponnd, and every otiier of simiinr irigin and chare fotar, fa° ot hotter, and denounce the seli. ng of the same’ an butter AS decepiive =0 dlahonor.ife,atd that they wiii neither buy nor sitly for countenanec tie tratfic fn the before-desatibed ap: Hele, except under fte own name, sad 24 #o article dis. tnerly different from hatters an, anited, That & eapy af theae resolntions, and preame hie thereto, be seat to the Leziviatares of the aeveral Bintes, accompanied hya petitlon aaking that, 1 ¢ b be enacted protiLicing the sale af’ the afireraid com- Frund, and forbldding the tranier af thie same from 1:e actusl pomemlon or contrul of the maker or pro- ducer thereof, until thesame shall have been cleariy and Indaiihiy’ marked on crery packagn, - Oleomars . "o pome otlier name bumiclently descriptive to : (nwulal It clearly from butter. The reasintion was afterwarde’ signed by a larra namber of the dealers and mannfacturcrs preseut, and the P'reaident snonounced that hie woald ap® polnt the Committee to aee that its provisions ware carried ont In the afternoon, w;l’}hl::kl:nnunmn then took o recess until 2 ioek, AFTERNOON SESSION. TIIR CLOSIXO fiOURS, 4 On reassembling In thy afternoon the Secretary annuunced, without reading, the recelpt of » num- ber of communications from varfons localities on rubjects of interest tn the Association. As the Convention'a time was rather limfted, (¢ wi that these would he published in the anou: of the Assoclation. Mr. Rorick, of Ohlo, oftercd the castomary reso- lutions of thanke to the Produce Exclinnge and the oftfcern of the Assoclstion, which were adopled by alarge majority, From the report of the Secretary and Treasnrer, Col. Littler, it appenred that the tfotal receipts, aince Lio took charge of the funds in Octaber lart, were 'g:r-l.n'-; expenses, $188.45; balauce on hand, £104.50. ‘The Secretary then read the following llsta of STANDING COMMITTEES for the ensulng year: st el Do, Chstrmans Franchs . Lamb, timores A, C. Knopp, Uhieagog ig.. hA L1t ticr, bavenport, ll.hl.'llflfl:l"'llnllrml‘e. “Maratiallc town, . eurge Uodfrey, Milwauki el Xnap, Bostan: W Troy, St. Loai: 'k, incinnatd, Stalratl: A, Kenoap hialrnan; W, A. Thomjson, Pransyivaniag Diston.” litlnotes ticorge 5, Jiart, was O, U, W lllk}lfl Btewsrt, o ), séoaning F B Favor, Maurachuseiin o rsinig: Turack soiicinet S Benton Michigan Gob + tayden, Califurape ! U eOT¥ hase, New Yo | 3 ariée ilog ~— Haxton, Hadson, Missourl, iz Androw Albro, Chalrma, vautds L, Mauachuceitay O Chi» Chfeavuy 1., Ambler, Ph el Tattsuurey"John A, Kinlih, Nyee, lkitfinore; 3. I 9., Chapin, Maniachiactias His foway K.'C, Warren, Liltuole; Clasies Dulz, Tiifnots, Internationat Ezhidita=tivorge . Gooch, Chicago, Cuaftmans D, K Slarion, Rew Torkyh B ae: Phiisdelpuiss Jubin vley, Hoswun: D, . 1 mores T, G, " Boford, Cl Gway P, i . Dutler in_Gctan Steam- e Tartine e Yok Chatroan o Ch Peterr, New Vorky Frank . Moulton; John Utley, oL AL 1, Tuclurteld, ligaou: J H. Taall, Puiie- delphia; Bhierman Tracey. Pulladeivhist J. D, Fergus sou, Phitedetp Slielver, ilaltinora} A, A, Keae uart, Baltimor Nyee, ‘Balttmore, Erélghts na liations with Hailroad Man- agrra—Ueorge . Gooch, Clialrmar; W. W, . Dexier, Cllesgot L. L. Chiusa, Chicaiu; Jo i, lirown, Miarsbialls fown, a.1 i K. Andiaws, sLerliog, il The Sceretary read a letter from Mr. Derrick propusing the adoption of A resolution lately pass- @l by the Northwestern Dalrymen’s Assoclation. This resotution calls the attention of State Leuin- latures to the propriety of changing the bianks now used in lsting personal property so an to sep- arately list milch-cows, the abject belng to facifi tate the collection of dairy statistics. The Con- ventlon adopted the resolution, . Mr. Albru's amendinent, changing the dato of meeting from March to Uctober, wwaa lost, MIBCELLANEOUS, On motlon of Mr. C, F. Dexter, It was declded to appolnt a comuiittes to clrculate’ i printed fo the resolutions agalnst oleomargarine, and (o s thlLL the provisfons of the resolutions were carrt ! Un motlon of Me, A, A, Kennard, it was decided toscud ten covles of tho gleomatgarine. Tosolu tions Lo each one of the Vice-Presidents of the Amoctutiun for the purpoes af awisting thosa gens temen n the crarade ogsinet the pernicious. sub- stitute, Mr. (earze F, Ferrla read a short paper exaltt; the Influenco which good Luttor 1nd'good eygs e o on the bumun race, Sceretary read communications from Vice- orting th Stepman, of New Vor Chapln: and Mr. C. berlain, of Bostan, all members of the Asso- Enfogistic remarka wers mado by Mesare. Mitchell and Littter, Un motion of Mr. Falsom, it was declded te hold the next Conventiun in Chi 2y Chicagu, I‘Hr. Webster exbibited the genulne Ashton salt. ) Sucretary read a communlicatiof Fu I, Fuwr, of loston, un ** Radlros portation Lines; What Impirovements Can o Suz— eested uw {0 Accommodations?” The paper wug- geated that there waa plenty of room for tha reduc. tlon of rates and far Improvements In KEFRIGEUATON CAlLS, These cars, for the woet Jart, wero miserable box cara Juto which the companies pat a few pounds of fce, and when the butter reachiod 1te deslinntion [ resembled whalo off ubout as mach ax snyihiig clue, while the companics recelved as minch ax & per car Just for the winall aniount of fco contributed and the transportation. As to the best railroad lins for merchants to patronize, the, paper saguestd that a conferance with the axenta of the Grand Trunk would e & yood thing, in conclue slon, the paper cumplimented tho recently-estab- 1ished loosac Tuanel Line for it enterpriso and fuir dealing. s Ar. Lawrence, of the Union Line, spoke in favor of the Fislier refrigerutor,” snd produced a atrong testfinunlal 1n Jts betnlt from' George Armous Co. Mr, Pelton, of the Emfln Lin, ssid tho {1 refrigurator ‘car was (hu best he knew of [ veutor clalming thal a car-luad of pressed beof coull by slupped frow Ban Fraucleco to New York in summer without the beef leiug in the least taluted when ) reaclied the lor clty. Mr, Felton sald that too low tem- lvomum-- wero lull( as injurfous os 0o high temperatures, (fe Lisd tested thia lately, and e ayerszo temperaturo i & retrigerutur-car between Chicago and Now York, In which th ter had been pressrved sweet and pure, was o8 ult which was biguly satisfectory to from Mr, d Trans- degroes, dsleymén‘genceally. ‘Vhie Preatdent annuunced that at 8 men(!niul the Vico-Fresldents of the Association Alr, Hervey Ehriver, of Bslliniore, was uantuonly’ electod Finit Vice-Presldent, Sir. J, Bailey lirown, of Chicago, kave a gen- eral fuvilation to those gnunl to attend the une al meeting of the Hoyal Agmcultnral foclety of ngland, o ba held at Liverpool in July, 1877, hio Convention then adjourned 1o mect aain In Chicago ou the Bret Wodnerday In Murch, 1878, ——————— e DOLLAR STORE 106 East Madison-st., Tlave Just receised and opened thete NEW SPRINGSTOCK. ut full and eomplete, I Evory Departme “‘dn‘; plete, Flave ILAT AND SHOE DEPARTMENT, EPECIAL INDUCEMENTS OFPERED, 3P Nuthiug higler In prico than One Dolt UNDERTAKER, Pro Sl Ny Bablumiut becond oor, 'rotapt attend 0 call tel ty and subirien W wiis - Open ey tod gt S T Fu 820, 850. 8ipO, ALEX, FROTUINGIIAM & Co, 17 sl Dbk No: 13 Wil At yut yop! pakrs sod oumers deatrabia nveaticnts of r italt auiounts . i logitlinate cliuracl which froquently at lllul’ll‘l n[nl. Blocks boushe sad “-:r ueddredon depouitul 3 1o 3 par cead. Cirealars aad b at.“Gire Weviiy iaports ventees. > ¥ DArREn. DIEDICAL, phon o L I T VKT Uscd for over 2 yeare Wilh greal succuss by the phymicians of Parivy New and lone don, and su- perior w0 all othe'rs forthe g ara ) of all dis- clurges, re- or of long " stand Prepared AND UIE, by CLIN arly Bold by Lirugxists 1u o Unitod Stites. PRESORIPTION FREE, For the speedy cure of Bewlual “‘i‘k"‘ Lost Man. hood. ln]Al“ \l‘}l:l’db{l:nllru“;.'h‘flnufl dl’ ul':‘ retlon or excutal Ay Dricaies s e togredie WD S Eiinnau, ubto. Mr. A, P. BURBANK Wil read and recite the play of Hamiet, condensed to i g i Toirveryn e Sunday Afternoon, March 11, Doars aven Adintaston, 25cts, McVICKER'S TUEATRE. MITRH FOR EVERYBODY, TWO 110URS AND A ALF OF FUY. LEMONS! LEMONS! EVERY RVENING AXD BATURDAY MATINER. Isges may be ordered for half-past 10 o'clock, TAVERLY'S THEATRE, MAAUIRE & HAVERLY... eviea] Mo CHAPMAN. Bt Ho Engarement of the EVANGELINE COMBINATION, TU-NIGHT. the Grand Spectacalar Extravagsaza, ANGELINE, with Misn FL1ZA WEATHERSOY and the orfginat com- fany. New and Original Slusfe. Gorgeaus feenery, ilanorate Properties, Novel Fffects, d Clinruses snd Marches. Every(hing neat, new, parkiing, ebees Pinuette and l'nh(ml‘l:'far sL.w; liat SIRPIRTES WEINIZS DAY A SATURDAY. _MCORMICK NALL, BARNABEE, The {nimitable, and his ever-popalar Troupe, Last Comeert {a Chicagothis season, Wednerdey Fre., March T4, Admission, 74X, ¥ale of reseryed seats cormences tiils (Baturday) morning at Jansen, A Clurg & Co.s -, Fithout wxtra cbarge, or ai e unprecedentedy low ce of A0c. COLISEUM, Every ning, ANOTHER COMPLETE CHANGE, James ani Katlo Bdwanis Sketch Artists, The Humers, tn irish Sketches, Tlie Three Crawfords, Bung and Dance Artis Dirk towe, Contortiontst, Dielle Culeste aad &, C. Mathews, Trapeze. Third and fuit wrrkufl)rn'l‘m:mt:n'ln.lmh Whitcomb, Afternov - R ALK, T ADELPII THEATRE, MATINEE TO-DAY at 2 EVENING ATS, D.m. The Kxcltng | WILD 51 1I;'LJ AND, YARIETT. Monday—~F, T. STETSON~TIIE Do Vengeauce, DiLL. 1 or Living for OCEAN STEAMNITIP ANGHOR LINEJIATL STEATERS New York and Glasgow: ETIUOPIA, Mich 10, 3 pmluum»’h March 24, 1 pm VICTOINA! M'et17. 7 am | ALSATIA, Marchat: 7510 New York 10 Glasgow, Liverpool, o Londonderry, Cabink §03 to B, Intermodiate, $45; siccrage, §55 oW York an 00z ELYSIA. March ity 3pm1 UTOFIA. Abrll 3, noon Calims €33, 1o £70; Rteerage, $2n, Drafta tisued for. AL eurtent rates, __' su)] i, 94 Washinzion-st, NEW YORK 70 OLASUOW, 11V] BELFAST, AND LONDO! STATE OF INDIASA r e o et Sioker, Bece gnd Cavin. 45, lteturn e Soeraie it low o 2 . Gea- Akeaots. " - ¥ A LKA anarer, CIK, M 124 Warhington ‘si.. Chicagn, ~ AMERICAN PHILADELPHTIA AND LIVERPOOL. Cabin, lntermedlalé, and steernge passage AT LOWEST RATES. General offieo, 138 La Ralle-at., corner Madison. PETER WRIGHT & SONS, General Agents, NATIONAL LINE OF STEANSIPS, New Yark to Queenstown and Liverpoot. ENGLAN 1 PAIN, March 10, 1 p.m. E QUE Mar, 17,0:004 m DENMARK......... March 108t 1p. m, ° Ticketast reduced rates, Bt tckets, §20, curs for &1 and Upwards un Great Brftain sad Trcide “Rey T B ERTARA St e ONLY DIRECT LINE T0 FRANCE, Thtflenehl‘l'nmall;m mpany’s Malt Steamers betwean New York an: cafling at FPiymauth 0. 1), willsati from Pier No.47 North Liver, fuot Murion-st., eve: terny Wedng cginnl; PR T i g 10U18 DE BEBIAN, Agrnt, o parttculars sairess 85 Brosaw or W. F, WIITE, 07 Ciark-st., Y, N, Agent for chicigo, North German Lloyd. Thesteamers of this Company will all every Satc.- 7 from Dreman. Pler, fot 0F THiR e bbb, Jates of passage~From New York thawpton, R e i b Ruld; s E v 2 OELRICHS & A 2Wowling irees, New Great Western 8 From CORNWA FOMEISET," Weatern Tu Cabii passags, 870 Iniernicdinie, $451 Bleo §acursion tlcsca €10 Tecptid Kieerio \_'-:_fl"_"‘z_llllé'_ur“ - F. WHITE, i Cia si INMAN STEAMSHIP LINE, Carrying the Malls between EUROPE AND AMERICA, For baasage apily st Canivany 4 Olce, 12 Santh Clark- mpe: denten ichtead i L.y Chil 8 U, HIOWN, Wesl, Agt, ittt o Gircat il taln st otad, L T T Anw e CATIONS, MUSIC BOOKS YOCAL.' World of Song. Goms of English Song. Wreathof Gomn. Goms of Boottish Bong, Bhower of Poarls, Gems of Gorman Bong. Oporatio Pearls, Gems of Bacred Bonz. Bllver Wroath, Moore's Irish Melodies. uite unoqualed Rooka of Bound Musle, each I\‘l‘l‘u 200 t 20 uui;!u. sheet Musicmize, Best col- lections of Songe, Ducts; Plano or Urgan accou. paniient, . INSTRUMENTAL. Gems of Btranss, Gomu of the Danos. Pianist's Album, Planoforte Gems, Home Oirole, Vol. 1. ¥ome Uirol Organ at Hamo. Pianoat Hom (itsed Orgun Munlc, ) {I'ano Dyety Quitc uncquated Bound Volumnea of Skiect Musta foe 1200 (ur Orgau) with 200 to 250 pagus, dlled with exceptivually good pivcos. D'ries of tho abore Huok, each $2.50, In Woards| 81,0010 cluthg $4.00 yilt, BCIOOL MUSIC BOOLS. 6. K. 5ONO BOOKS. igh Scbwol Cloir, ($1.) The Nownrd, (33 ct, ) W hippooewill, civ.) Bhizing lver, (L cts.) Cheertul Volces, (30 cia,) Govad” News,' (5 cla, ) Efther book mallsd, past.free, for Letal} Prics, LYON & IIEALY, Chicago. OLIVER DITSON & CO..Boston. . WDUGATIONAL, BISHOP MELLMUTIT COLLEGES, LONDON, ONTARIO, CANADA, Afford the highest fatellectaal and Chrlstlan_edas cution to i sons and dagghters of gentlemen at very muderate charged. oite mile apars, and ara botl i1 8ule stas of exporleuced redtdvut o, l||||pllw.i it European towl HELLMUTII COLLEGE (BOYS) 250 per unuum, fucluding a1 charges. HELLMUTH LADIES' COLLEGH, $150 per onnum. Reductlon to clergymen. Yearly scholarshiys on wery advantageous terms, rgf.fli-:uu Claplaln—Tioy, 1. . DARNELY, EUROPEAN EDUCATIONAL TOUR. 11l eavu about 1ut July with a clyss of Yousz La« ae U ER A etk AR XIEH § it o, Xouoz 1 1 Bropuse tu b abecat one 3 ear. wad vielt o rinte et ek "I b fr e s ik B U G ekl L ¥ 2 Carieton-at., Toroato, KEPERENCES—The Wight ltay. The Lord bish ity tn\:‘f Warsuly fi‘r aaor of Furoass Fla A .Ln?n.."‘l'u':;zw et by ., v 1Hon. 1) i bleri® vecys Lesatle, [ yley, vt Chicago. uroiite; Col. FrainoANKE" STANDARD SCALES or X D FAIRBANKS, MDRSE & 00, 111 & 113 Lake St Chicaga. Becarefultobuy valy the Geaulte,