Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 31, 1877, Page 4

TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. " BY MAN—IX ADVANCE—TOSTAGE FREPAID AT TIIS OFFICR. d 3 s 1 12.m B e S 0 an dress four weeks for. 1w 0ay Kat Aterary and Itellg Bheet ... 2.50 torday Kdition ' - - Weekiy, postpaid, €00 * Furts of a year, per mon %0 ' WREELY EDITION, POSTFAID. o COPY. PEr year, $ 1.2% - RSPl W8 . Clubor twe o0 Tostags prep Bpectmen coples tent free, ‘To prevent delay and mistalzes, ha sare and give Poste ©fice sddrens In full, Incinding Btate and County. Eemittances may beinade either by draft, express, Poet-Offce order, o In registered letters, at our sk . YERMS TO CITY SURSCRIDERS. 1y, detsered, Sunday excepted, 23 cents per week. d.llvered, Bunday fncluded, 50 centa per week THE TRIDUNE COMPANY, Corner Madliron and Dearborn-sta.. Cuifengo, Itle W3 Adelphi Theatre. Monroe street, corner Dearhorn, onE ' Uncle Tom's Afteraoon and eveni ng. b lATerIYYe Theatrn, * _Randolph street, between Clarkand Lacaite. Con- eert by th ermer Fainily and Sol Bmith Nusecll. “Al: ! ' lefmoon and evening. ! MeVieker's Theatre. { _Madison stroet, between Dearborn and Stats, Ene . sagement of Magglo Mitchell, **Mlignon,* § New Chicngo Theatro. 1. Clark street, between Lake and Ttandolph. ;" mandeur Cazeneuve, thy Prestidigitateur, ‘-« nnd eveniog, 1.e Com- Afieravon Tlerahiey HMunlceTlall, Nos. B3, A% and 87 East Monros street, Concert Ly . Mme. Emipofl, SOCIETY MEETINGS. an, Hied: iy orieEnt o CUABIIL Bl‘lfl‘(Ah’ tefi ity onter o I BIENAN, W. . Ciias: b FORERSTER, Hee. ' WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 31, 1877, Groenbacks ot tho New York Gold Ex. shange yesterdny closed at 943, ' e 4 Fifty special policemon will bo employed " lor service at the Capitol during tho session of tho Joint Convention of tho Secnate and i Honse to count the Electoral voto, Tho Houso yesterdny passed over tho President's veto tho bill to abolish the Dis- 4 trictof Columbia Police Bonrd, aud it is ex- " pocted that tho Sonate will do likewise. A copious and protracted rainfall is now i fructifying the parched soil of tho Paciic .ooast, and tho hearts and minds of the mill. . fons of peoplo affected by the prosperity or adversity of tho gigantio cerenl indnstries of ‘that region are once moro buoyaut and tran- 1 quil n + 'Tho Emperor of Japan has reducod farm. “, ors' taxes from 8} por cent to 24 per cent ;. per nunum, The rovonues of the Empiro ..t wre thus impaired to the extent of 816,000, ' 000, but tho Japaneso ruler, in the decrce " lessening tho people’s burdons, enjoins such »' aconomy in public expenditures ns will com. + port with this reform in tho fiscal affairs of tho Governmant. .+ The Bonrd of Arbitration provided for by & tho Elcctoral Count bill is now completo, > tho two Ilouses of Congress having con- -firmed tho nominations made respectively by ., tho Repnblicans and Democerats in each - braneh, Tho fifth Judge, althought not offi- cially nnnounced, will undoubtedly bo Jus- ¢ tice Braprey, of Now Jerscy, Judge Davis , having peromptorily doclined to act. The Commission will hold its first meeting to- " morrow, when rules for its government will . boadoptod, aud other mnecossary preliminn. * des ottondod to ‘s Tho South Carolina plan of influoncing * Republican members of tho Legislaturo to 4jom the fDemocratic Lranch seoms to “"have been iried successfully in Toulsi- sama. A colored Senator with an oye to business contracted with the ,.NicoLta crowd fo sit with them * Gfteen.days for $10,000, and, his timo hav- ing expired, ho is ready to ronaw the ar- rangement, only stipulating that it shall bo "+trom day to day, 80 that bo shall bu at lib- . arty to change back whonever the Packamp ", Governiaent shall be recognized. — The fonr Justices of the Suprome Court “ designated in tho Arbitration Lill as wem- # bers of the Llectoral Commmisiion mict yos. s'terday and sclected tho ifth wember of the judlciol portion of the body. Communica. - tlons in writing of the choice made wero “sent undor seal to the Henato and House, and tho anuouncement will Lo made publio to. .day. Although no nuthoritative information fwas given yesterdny, it is perfectly well -undorstood thot Justice Hraorer s ‘tho Justice sclected. It iy waid that Judge Davis received o complimontary tondor of a place among arbiters, but ho de- clined peromptorily, and, as it wns doemed .undesirable thut cither Justices Bwarxe or Hownt, who aro from Obio und New York, respectively, should servo, tho cholco natur- ully fell upon Justico Bravtey, who was ap- .pointed to the Buprome Hench from New ;Jersey by President Grant in March, 1870, i Tho Pacific Railroads came in for a share of the attentiou of tho Senato yoster. “day, and those grasping wmonopolies found a “puwerful enemy {u BMr, Tuvmaan, who earncstly supportod the bill requiring the es- tdblishment of a siokiug fund to pay the Indcbtednoss of thoso roads to the Qovern. mont, o showed tho necessity of such a mensure by calling attention to the fact that unless provision were mado for the gradual payment of thoe prin- Ypal and interest of the bonds before the whole Locomes due, the aggreguto in- Aobtedness of the Companies will rcach the uormous figure of $181,000,000, an amount +hey never could snd never would pay, 3Mr, Suzrsay submitted an nmondment requiring Central and Union Pacifio Railroads to 78y to the crodit of the sinking fund 25 per ,-nt annua'ly of their net earnings, such Jayment not to exceed £1,500,000 in any one 7ear, and to ba in lieu of ell other payments, : ——— i- The Chieago producu markets were modor- *:ly active yesterday, and irregular, Mess xrk closed 47jo per brl lower, at $16.92} b February and $10.55 for Murch, Lard wod 20c per 100 Ibs lower, at $10.70 cash 1 §10.82) for March. Meats closed steady, ./ Ge for shoulders, boxed; 83c for short- i*)" aud Bjo for short-clears, Highwines ; .- unchanged, at $1.05 per gallon, Flour 7us quiet and firm. Wheut closed Jo ligher, £ 81.25 for February and §1.26} for Murch. rorn closed @]c Ligher, at 42}o for Febru. ¥y end 470 for Moy, Outs closed dull and irmer, at 85}0 cash and 33}0 for February. - was stoady, at 70c. Barley closed dull ud easier, ut 59}c for February or March. ,0gs wero in good demsnd and irregularly ‘gher, with sales at $6.00@GC.60 for com- onto prims, Catils were dull, and sbip- THE CHICAGO TRIBUN ping grades wers 15@23:: lower than last wéek, Sheep were dull and unchanged. Last Baturday evening there waa in store in this city 8,633,530 bu wheat, 2,367,788 bu corn, 660,940 b onts, 249,082 bu rye, and 1,049, G31 bu barley. Ono lmndred dollars in gold would buy §105.50 in groenbacks atthe close. Our dispatches from New Orleans throw considerable light upon tho subject of the Vernon Parish returns, concerning which the witness Litrrerienp has given such re. markable testimony before tho two Houso Comumittees at Wnshington, o hns sworn to certain statements which, if true, mako ont Gov, WeLes to be a most unconscionns- blo scoundrel ns well a3 an egregious fool; bat it so happens that theso statoments also make out LitTLeriELD to be a thief, and it is not unlikely that later developments will show him up ns a forger and black- mailer. It appears that Vernon was a pet parish of tha bulldozers, who managed matters so offoctually that tho faco of tho re- turna shiowed some 700 Democraticvotes and tieo Republican votes! The threo polls which tho Returning Board decided to ex- cluda contained 178 Democratic votes and no Republican votes. LiTTLEFIRLD, for a pur.: pose of his own which i3 now manifest, not only oxcluded the 178 Democratic votes, bat added them to tho Republican side, but whether or not tho retnrn was finally passed upon nnd signed in this form cannot be stated with cortainty, as Lirrirrieep took the precaution of stealing from the office of the Secrotary of Btate tho original docu- ments and mubstiluting a copy in his own bandwriting. ‘T'bis discovery was made yesterdny in Now Orleans, and innsmuch ns tho disposal of tho 178 votes of Vernon Par. ish did not affect tho rcsult as to State of- ficers or Presidentinl Eloctors, while it wasn fraud so shinllow as to be certain of detection, it is very evident that tho whole thingisn preconcerted job intended to make out a case of frand egeiust the Louisiana Returning Board. The complication over the Eastern ques- tion and tho unsettled condition of tho rela- tions of Turkey and Russia, growing out of tho Porta's refusal of tho ultimatum of the Towers, seoms Lo be quito as distracting to Luropean critics, who aro familinr with the pending questions, ns to critics elsowhere. It is rather remarkable, however, that two papers not wenally agreed on political ques- tions, tho Pall Mall Gazette nnd London Spectator, are agreed in suspecting that the hand of Bisuanck is at work belind the scones. The Pull Mall Gazette says: “The attliude of the German Plenipotentiarica fs giving rise to apprehensions which we belleve to be perfectly well founded, It in highly probable Ahat if Turkey should to-day make a way,for the retreat of lussia, Gormany wlll do her best to hamper the path and that eho will do so by de- claring, through hier represcutative, that whatever Ttussia and the other Powera way do, she will not humble herself further before a Government which hns plready defed Europe. Suchastep as this could hardly fail to produce grave results, uot tho Teast of which would bo an indefinite agzravation of Russla's cibarrasement. ‘Tho dpectator rays that if Bssmance fails to make himself maater of the Conforence, *hi0 inay havo tho menns, through tho Rou- manion Government and the Hellenicpeople, of proving himdelf tho most dangerous ence my tho ‘l'urks conld have provoked to action, —moro dangerous by far than they beliove Russia to be.” 1t bases its supposition upon the fact that Brsaancx has both in Buchnr. eat and Athens powerful instruments roaily to his hands, and a fleet whosa ofticiency Lo would like to demonstrate. ** With tho Ger. mau fleot off the Pirncus,” says tho Spectator, “ and Groecee, 'Thessaly, and Epirus iu arms nnder German officers, Mrvitar Pasua would foel that remonstrances from Berlin had very clective meaning.” It will occur to most peopla this side of the water to nsk why En- glaud horxelf does not romonstrate in n man. ner that would appear offective to the Turk- isk Premier, s RESUMPTION OF S8PZCIE PAYMENTS, The Prenident is urging Congress to re- move tho statutory restrictions which pre. vent the resumption of apecio payments and thie comnmencement of good times aud plenty of money, Two years ngo Congress passed o law declaring that on the first of Jununry, 1879, the Government of the United States wonld redeam its notes. The law, however, contained no adequato provision to caablo tho Government to redeem, and soven months of tho last session of Congress and o wholo of the preceding session woro de- voted to the preparation and advocacy of sehiemes to make resumption porsible. In the menntime, the dato being fixed, the bnsi- ness of tho country nuaturally gravitated in the diroction pointed to by the law., Che printjng of further issuca of the fructional currency was prohibited, and Congreas au- thorized the coinage of smull silver; the country gladly weleomed tho reappenrance of thelong-absont coin, and the flerca demand for an increaseof fractional currency gavo wny before the univernl desiro that silvor should bo suppliecd without limit. In the mean. timo, wilver dropped down 20 per cent in valuo very suddenly, on account of the de- monetizing ediet of the German Govern- ment ; and in the discussion of tho situation it became known for the first time to the great mass of the publio that, as long ago ns March, 1873, Congress had abolished (ho standard silver dollar, and silver was no louger a Jegnl-tender. Sinco then, the most that the country hns been nble to induce Congress to do is to authoriza tho roinage of Lalf dollars and minor picces of silver to an inercased but yet limitod extent. Our peo- ple liave been compelled to retrenchment in expenditures, Some linea of manufactures Luvo ‘cut looso from the delusions of pro- tection, and have begun to cxport, We bave been selling much more than we have bought, und have exported far less gold. Bilver has recovered largely from its de. preciation, sud wo have reacled that point when the greenback dollar is worth 93 cents, and the silver dollar (0ld) is worth 96§ cents in gold. ‘The result is that wo bave gruvitated rapidly towards specie payments, though wo aro two years in advauco of the day fixed for resumption. All that prevents specio resumption now as o matter of courso aro certain legal restrictions and restraints imposed by law yeans ago, under difierunt circuwstances, and under different necessitied, nationa!, commorcinl, and per- soual, All that stands in tho way of specio payments are obstructions in the way of laws which have come down from n previous date, and which are no louger applicable tothe present condition of vur country, political or commercisl. 1o remove theso obstructions all Congress hat to do is to ¢nuct laws— 1. Mo nuthorizo the holder of grecnbacks to cxchange thew for a long-terns bond, such a8 s proposed by the Currrexven bill now pending in tho House, bearing o low rate of interest, 2. 'I'he remonetization of silver, by provid. ing for the coinugo of o standard silver dollar, made a legal-tender, l 8, The removal of all restrictions upon the coinage of silver and gold. 4. Tho permission to the banks to issuo bank notes dollar for dollar for the bonds and coin deposited with the Trensnrer. " Thera is nothing in eithor of theso restric- tions for which there ean be any reasonnble cxcusa urged. The right to axchange groen- backs for bonds was part of the original schemo of paper monoy, and was only aban- doned under the extrema exigencies of the War. Tho notos have now reached that point whero they aro equal in volua to the silver dollar, and no necessity exists for their con- tinnance, unless wo aro to permnnontly pro- hibit the use of coin or of bank notes al- togother, Bilver is poculinrly an American production, and has alwnays been an Ameri- can coin, and was o legal-tender from the carliest American coinage down to tho date of the ill.advised act of demonetization in 1873. At prosent tho coinage of Amorienn dollars is stopped, nnd no silver can be coined except on ncconnt of the Govern. ment. Congress should roadjust the rela- tivo weights of the gold and silver dollars, mnko thom both, as prior to 1873 they had always Leen, logal-tenders, and sllow mny person having silvor in any form to take it to tho Mint aud kave it coined. 'Tho anti-silver restriction is against public policy, andis a discrimination against a great production al. most exclusively Awmerican. During the Civil War, whon our national Donds wero only worth par and interest in greonbacks, the law required n deposit of 100 in bonds for ¢ach U0 of bauk circula- tion. Now tho bonds aro worth $110 to €114, and the banks havo to keep a deposit of legal-tendors in the Freasury equal to & per cent of their circulation. The result is that tho banks have an averngo doposit of %118 for ench 90 of currency. Now, if the bnoks bo required to rodoom their notes in coin, as they should be, thoy ought at lenst to bo allowed a circulation cqual to the par valuo of tho Londs deposited by them, and also of tho coin placed by them in the Treas. ury to redeem their notes. The present vaolue of tho bonds is a greater security for the redomption of $100 in bank notes than was tho doposit of $100 in bonds for tho redemption of 290 in currency when the Banking law,’ fiftcen yonrs ago, was onacted. With freo coinage of silver, with the banks nuthorized to issue notes equal in amount to tho coin and par value of the bonds doposited by them, with tho onerous Federal tax on capital nnd doposits removed, tho banks could, without nany difllenlty, bogin and maintain specio payments in a very short time. The Government, however, refuses to permit silver to be coined. While silver in oro and in bar is warchoused at tho mines, and production partially arvested, the Govornment refuses pormission to have it coined in this country, and compels its transportation elsowbere. With the now ob-. joctless restriction upon coinage romoved, this country could readily absorb $150,000,- 00V of silvor coin, and onable thoe banks to maintain specio resnmption of their circula. tion withont any difficulty, The Bank of nogland is permitted to issue abont $70,000,- 000 of its notes upon the security of British Londs, It is nlso nuthorized to issuo notes equivalent in value to all the coin or bullion it may have, Our banking system, if tho Lauka wero atlowed to issuo notes equal to the par-value of the bondsand equal toauch coin na they might be required to keep nt the redemption agencies, would furnish as good and ns availablo seeurity for tho bank circu- Intion as is afforded by tho Bank of England. For more then, forly years that Bank lhas nover refused or failed to redoem its notes in coin. 4 Tho session of Congress is drawing to o close. Nat over thirty working daya of the uession areloft, and n large portion of this will bo taken up with the details of counting tho votes for President. 8till, within this period, Congreas hiag it within its power, by merely removing the legal obstructions in tha way, to leave tho resumption of specio poyments frco to take placo by the natural #ucceession of events, and withont disturb. onco of values, contraction, or any violent derangement of contracts, 8uch legislation would bo a grent aid to the new Administra. tion in its cfforts to promoto the revival of confidonce and industry, POINTS IN THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. ‘I'hero aro certain poluts in the Presidont's mcsengo, trausmitted with Lis approval of the Arbitration bill, which ought to make a strong impression upon tho country. 1. Ho calls attention to tho fact that, at no time in tho history of tho Government, hns thoe President of the Henate cvor exercised tho power of deciding botween disputed Llectoral votes. Therv have been instances in oarly timen iu which the President may bo said to hayo counted tho votes in tho scnso of aggregating one set of uudispnted ro. turns, though genorally this ministerial work hias been dono by tellers appointed by tho two Houses, and the rosult merely nnnounced by tho President of tho Henate, 'Thero bavo becu other enses whero s judicial func. tion wus oxerclied to roject certain votes, but it hos always been done in o manner previously preseribed by rule or law pasied by both Houses of Congress, ike auy other legislative measurs, But it would have been a now departuro for the President of the Bunate, without any nuthority conferred upon him by Congress, to have discriminated betweon two sets of roturns fromn any Stato, aud decide which shonld bo counted and which refected. Certaluly it would have been un cxtremeo and hnzardous undertaking, unless it wero rendered necousary ju order to carry out tho constitutioual mandate that the votes “shall bo counted,” and in conse. «quenca of tho failure of Congross to provide the rulo or machivery for counting them, 2. The President makes the apt and forci- ble distinction that the mcasuro which ho bas approved is wot a compromise of thre right, but *an enforcament of thoe right and un exccutionof the powers conferred vy the Constitution on Congresa.” 'Tho posver of Congress In thoe premiscs is amply cowired by tho duty enjoined upon it by tho <Con- stitution to carry out al! tho provisions thercof. The bill In question merely pro- vides u wethod for counting votes wlich the Constitution saya shall be counted, Lt docs not say how. 'Thero Is no sacrifice of prin. ciplo or compromise of right in agreeing for this purpose upon a tribunal cotuposed of tho ablest statoswen aud jurists in the land, endowed with amploe facilities for viowing tho law aud bearing all the cvidence, Ifa {uir decision of tho disputed questions may not bo expected from such a tribunal, then it i3 idlo to hopo for it. “I'his is tho reply to those persons who claim that the Ttepub- licans Luve thrown away their caso. If this claim {4 truo, then the Republiczn coso Los uo werit, and ought to be thrown away. Such an nssertion reflects diseredit upon all who make it, for 1t implics o willingness on thelr part to carry tho Presidency by storm ou claing which will not bear the'scrutiny of WEDNESDAY. JANUARY 31, 1877. oxaminotion or analysis by an impartial arbitration, 3 3. Tho President speaks of the situation a3 having beon one of "imminent peril.” ‘Thosa Republicans who have opposed the arbitration plan profess to think otherwise, Either this profession ia false, or it shows that their judgment hns beon blinded by par- tisan zeal. Iad the President of the Senate, under tho sanction of that body, procoded to count in Gov. Iavgs, thero is not a rensona- Dble doubt that, the vory same day, tho House of Representatives, claiming nn equal au- thority with the Senate, wounld bave declared that the Electoral College bad failed to clect, and thereupon have proceeded to chooso Gov. TiorN President. It is true that such ac- tion wonld have been revolutionary, but the Democrats would claim that it was not moré #0 than the action of tho Senato, and tho strugglo wonld bo upon us, with two Presi- still remains in the region of empiricism. Surgery has acquired a degres of cer- talnty and exactness. All educated surgeons, whatever may be their medical notions or their prejudices dorived from medienl schools, follow substantially the same courso in amputating n limb, in reducing n contu- sion, in seiting n broken bone, in healing n wound, or trepanning a skull. Forty.nine out of fifty surgeons would probably follow the sama lino of notion, tho result depending more upon their personal skill, norve, and manipulation than upon the course to bo pursued. When medicine reaches this de- gree of exactness, if it over doos, then there is hope for poor humanity in its wrestling with the iils to which flesh is heir, Our correspondent is in error with regard to the position of Tar Trinuxe. It has no disposition to belittle physicians or to decry their honest offorts to heal the sick. Its dents in the fleld, onch backed by n | only protest is against an unseomly wrang- strong following and wurged forward | ling over the effects of specifies and rome- by tho most bitter partisan possions. | dies, ngainst tho collision of schools, agninst This would have been Moxicanization, and it wounld not have been possible to avort tho disnsters of such a condition. ** Grab" is a gamo that two can play at,, and had it been begun on either side tho other would not have boen slow to follow 4. Tho arbitration, thereforo, offors & s0- lution that is at once lIawful, peacenble, and muro to award the Presidency to the man who hns the best title to it. It is lawful, beeause Congress has unquestionably tho right and power to frame laws to carry out tho provisions of tho Constitution, It is peacenble, beeause both contesting pacties aro bonnd to accept the award as finnl and without protost, and it thus securos,quiot to tho country at a timo when sufforing labor, prostrated industries, and o pamlyzed busi- neass are sorely in need of it. It nssures o fair awnrd, because it prescribes mo rules which cnrry tho weight of decision, bLut se- lecta the men most compotent to judgoe of the Iaw, and furthest removed from ths influ. oneo of party feeling. It providoes the monns for n roview of tho case under tho nuspices of tho ablest lawyors and shrowdest intel- leets of the nation engaged on either side. Thero may bo some partisans who would like to eco Yaves innugurated President whether Lo is cntitled to the placa or mot, but thoy aro o very small proportion of the Republic- an party, which, as a whole, is willing to refer to imipartial arbitration tho claims that have beon mado in favor of Ropublican success, and which profers to retire from tho admin- intration of tho CGoverument rather than cling to it without title and without tho as- sent of tho Amorican pooplo, tho oxhibition of bitter prejudices and jeal- ousies, whilo Death {s busy in our midst. If thero is to bo no better outcomo than this to tho assembled wisdom of the Zsculnpinus, then it would bo better not to mect in coun- cil ot all, sinco the nggregation may influenco tho public against tho individual, If therois anything that will prevent the epidemic, tell us. If thero is anything that will curathe dis- onse, tell us, If thore is anything that will mitigato its ravages, tell us. But do not tell us that belladonna will curo it and will not curo it, that sulpho-carbolato of soda will pravent it and will notprovent it. This pos- {tive-negative sort of information is not what tbe peoplo want. It does mot curo scarlet fover, nor rellevo their apprehiensions, —— — THE SOUTHERN PACIFIC LOBBY, The disgraceful sceno enncted Monday in the Houss of Ropresontatives would not have beon possible in tho legislative halls of any other untion in tho world. Tho floor of Congress was nctually invaded by hired and professional lobbyists, who openly resorted to all tho dovices of their trado to conx, buy, or bully Congresaman to give their proposed robbery of tho National Treasury precedonce over the neooded and rightful legislation of tho nation, The encourngement oxtended to these fellows must bo large when they brenk down nruloof Congross, and force them- solves into the hall in such numbers that & member made the open and bold assertion that it was not possible to go twenty feot from tho Spenker's dosk without running against half o dozen lobbyists, Buch an in- torferonco ns this with tho privileges and duties of Congress would bo importinent and’ unwarranted in any cause, but it becomes in. docent nnd intolerablo in bohalf of a notori- ous raid on the Public Treasury, and tho mere fact that it could ocenr reflects discredit up- on the Ilouso of Nepresentatives. The pur- pose of tha lobby was to advance on the calondnr and fix o day for the voto on the now subsidy schomo which is the product of Tox Socorr and HustiNeToN joining hands. It was only last session that HonTiNaTON notified Congress and tho country that, if he could got: possension of the franchises and privileges already given to Tox Scorr, he would undertako to construct tho Sonthern Pacific Rallrond without asking ono dollar additional aid from the Governmont. But now this same man, with tho prospect of gotting his share of tho enormous subsidy desired, joins forces with Toxt Scorr, and two armies of lobbyists, with trades, prom- ines, bribes, and corrupt propositions of all kinds, ndvanco on Congress to accomplish what ono had failed to bring about, The cspeelnl importinenco cf tho South. ern Pacific lobby in this instanoe is aggra- vatod Dy tho circumstance that it asked Cou- gress to givo procodonco to a bill subsldizing a new Paciflo railroad over four scparate bills that have beon introduced to compel the old Pacific Companics to make some adequate restitution on account of former subsidies. Ouo of theso old Compnnies—the Central Pacifio—is asking o new subsidy, and de- manding it immedistely, while refusing to meot its just obligations in interest on the bonds proviously advanced. It is difficult to consider o situstion of this kind with anything like patience. Tho only hopo iz that tho Bouthern Paciflo lobby has overreached itsclf, and tho greed and pertinacity it oxhibited on tho floor of Congress last Monday will ndvertiso its pur. poses so fully to the country that Congreas will not dare to accedo to the demands of tho lobbyists, On the contrary, one of tho fivat things that should Lo done by Congress is to pass tho bill which tho Houso sdopted Inst session, or Mr, Tiurman's Senate bill, which likowise provides o sinking fund ro- quiring the Union Pacific, Central Pacific, Kausas Pacifio, Contral Branch, and Sioux City Roads to maks annual payments to graduplly extinguish tho dobt they owo for monoy advanced by the Government, Tho country will not so much aslisten to any proposition for any railway subuidy until the advances alrendy mado shall have been ex- tinguished, and the Congrossman who neg- leets this phase of public opinion will bo ns apt to suffer for it as tha snlary-grabbers did for their sins. LITIGATION V8. ARBITRATION. The Anglo-Saxou race, after devoting some conturies to the construction of an claborate legal mechanism, ‘has lately found that the mackine ia altogether inadequate to meot the casos that arise. The law’s delay has become o provorb; tho prize-ring has borrowed the term of * gotting into chnncery ” to express utter ruin in flsticuffls; and the distinction botween * going to law” and * going into bankruptcy " seems to bo becoming ono with- out a difference, > The proposed mothods of reform are many, In Now York a code is prepared, de. sigued to do away with useloss dotail, and to givo tho blind goddess a chance to Bco with at losst half an oye. This codo 1s forthwith 50 embroldered with dotail by judicial tech- unical interprotation that the original simple pattern i3 ucarcely discernible, and Justice is 0 hedged in with a now thousaud or so vol- umes of reports that sha can sco less clearly than before. In Englaud, the sweeping changes of 1875 abolished some courts and consolidated others. In Ilinols, preciscly tho contrary courso is recommended by a committeo of tho Chicago Bar Association, Instead of fewer courts, we are to have more. Tha policy of such o change may well bo questioned. Of course, if the pres. ent methods of procedure aro to be retained intact, we must havemoroJudges. No attor~ ney who has brought suitona thirty-day note, had the defendant file & humorous afiidavit of merits, sud found the caso docketed as No. 40,003, can doubt that it 1 a disgrace to a great commercial city to have the simplest of cases wait one or two years for o hearing, But should the preseut procedure bo kept fntact? Iy not less law instead of wors technical law wonted? Is not systematio ond speedy arbitration botter than systemat- ically slow litigation? Itis spparent from the history of other DOCTORS AND POLITICTANS, . Dr. R, N, Fostzn makes an ingenious plea, printed in our last issue, to break the force of Tnuz Trinune's articlo commenting upon tho doctory’ disagrecments, by showing that thero is no agreement umong cditors and politicians upon national topics, The Doc. tor's position would be a strong ono if there wero any aptness or similarity in tho com- parison, but, unfortunately for his defenso, tho relative situations of tho two classes named havo obout as many points in com- mon ng the Christian religion and the works of Haray. In the political world men are divided into parties having policics which they are sccking to carry into offect in the form of laws. Whon one party has tho ma- Jority of votos it carries ita policy into effect, aud opposition to it is of no avail. The dis- puto in politica is over the adoption of cer- tain mensures and tho control of cortaln offices, and the party that provails at the polls adopts its mensures and possesses itsolf of tho spoils. If a dendlock happens, then a Court or Board of Arbitration is scloct- cd to decido which won the dny. It is in all reapects a contest of will and numbers, ‘Fhero is nothing of tho sort, howover, in tho cmso of tho doctors. Thero ia a perfect ngroernont on the part of the publio that the sick may bo curod. There is no contost to prevent o cure. 'Therois no contest to provont the use of a medicine that will euro, ‘There is no vontest ngainst tho doctor who hns chargo of the case. The family physicinn who is called in lins entire control of tho pationt. e is tho nutocrat of tho sick bed, His will is law. Iis medicines aro taken without question. JHis orders and commands are implicitky followed. Tho life of tho pationt iu in hishands,' If other doc- tors are called in, thoy src summoned at his requost and with his consent, aud he usually selocts them. T'here is no wrangling of doe- tors in tho sick-room, "Iho pationt is not ex- posed to tho tender mercios of AL D.’s pull- ing aud Louling differont ways. 'There s no quarreling over tho varjoeis * fes” of the vari- ous systems over tho pationt. There is no convention of doctors ovu:r him, one nssert- ing that e must take bellndonna if ho would got well, and another declaring that if ho does ho ‘will surely dio; ouo proclalming that the sulpbates will eure him and another that thoy will kil lim; one demanding that hae be rubbed with grease, +and another denounciug grease as fatal in cases of scarlatina ; ono urging that ho be bothed in hot water, nod snother that Lo bo kept perfeetly dry; nnd all quarreling and disputing about the offects of n certain specifie, drug, or eclixir, or about a peculiar form of treatmont. "Phere is no dispute of ony kind at tho bedside. Tho physician has moro control of tho patiout oven than o parly las of policles. DBecauso politicians may differ s to politics, and the will of the wajarity prevails, it does not afford our medicino-man any justifcation for suppos- ing that it bears any relution to the medical cwro, or that tho two cnses have anything in common, If ho would institute a fair omparison ho must reverso tho medienl wide, aud, iustead of huving ono physician attending the patieut, with absolute power in his hands, ho must suppose forty or fifty pbysiclans of differvnt schools in attondnnee, with no restraint upon thoir prejudices and no power to iuterfere with their respective forms of treatment oxcept by mojority voto, This woull make asowewhat unfair comparison, but even then tho issuo would bo ditferent. 'Fhe unfortu- nato victim of tho Esoulapian sggregation, after having been loeched, Llistercd, drugged, dosed, and drenched by tho allopathists, amused with the attonuations of the home. opathists, bedeviled by tho hulf-nud-half of theeclectics, and shocked by tho clectriciuns, after havivg tuken a sufticicut quantity of the sulpho-earbolate of soda, belladouns, and the sulphates, chlorates, and bromides, after having been greased und ungreased, heated up ond cooled down, and wot and dried, would probably dio of disgust, if from o other reason, and no one would be to blawe in tho promises. ‘Lho dissenting doe- tors would clearly enough be justified, be- <auso unity of cction under such circum. stances would not be expected. When tho politicians meot over their ** politic," however, Aheir wrangling does not involve fatality, be- causo tho will of the majority provails. The despalr of medicing iy that it has not yet been.reduced to n science, liko surgery, but countriss and from occasfonal experiments in our own that a lnrge percentago of the cases which are now ombalmed In bLrown paper in onr conrt-files need mnever be brought thero at all. Tne Tniounz has often skotehed the marvelous success of the Con. a¢ils des Prud hommes in- France, which so oxciled Lord Bnovamam's admiration, Judge Rorert Kerree's BDoards of Atbitra. tion in England, JudgoFaxcnen'a Arbitration Court under tha caro of the New York Chinm- ber of Commerce, and other facts of like im. port. Scandinavin, from which tho civilized world 18 now taking lessons in minority rop- resentation and the control of the liquor traffic, can teach her sister nations something on this question of law.roform too. Denmark established in 1705 so-called Tribunals of Concilintion, which at onco de- gerved and got publio support. Ench tri. bunal represcated o certain noighborhood, and was composed of intelligent and respect- oble residents. Its scssions wero private. Not only its jurisdiction, but ita decrces, do pended wholly upon the consent of both the pnctica to nny cause brought beforo it. If plaintiff and defondnnt did not both consent to a honring, no hearing could be had. If thoy did not both consent to the verdict, tho verdict wns void. 'If thoy did so consent, it was registered and was final. Every caso was decided within fifteen days in the city and eight daya in tho country, There was no chargo unless reconcilintion was brought about. If it wns, the court-fees amounted o n very amall sum, ‘Wo should naturaily donbt the possibility of a Court's rondering any verdict to which both sides would voluntarily agree, but mark the estonishing results, In tha three yoars befora these tribunals were established, the Courts of Denmark heard 25,621 cases; in tho threo yenrs after, they heerd only 0,653, Tho difference between thess two sets of figures—a difforonce of 15,8068 suits—may inirly bo taken s the number of cnscs sot- tled to tho satisfaction of both plaintiff and dofendant by the Tribunals of Conciliation. It is n number which nmounts to nearly 62 per cent of tho whole, The fact is o credit to human nature, It may safely bo said that a great majority of tho disputes duo to an honest differenco of opinion—and this category ombraces all law-suits not brought for delay or from Loavish motives—could bo sottled at a mini. mum of trouble, time, and taxation by sim- ilar tribunals in this State. Tho anger bred by o heated strugglo would bo avolded ; sov. eral millions of quarts of bad blood would bo annually savad; and tho present courts would run through what was left of their docket with a rapidity only excolled by that of Gen. Looax in mastoring tho sclonce of political economy. The Danish plan would neaossarily bo somowhat changed in dotafl in its applica- tion here. Whilo the cousent of both par- ties to n hearing should still be required, the case, onco submitted, should remain in tho control of the Court, and the verdict should bo final. In Now York City, Judge Faxcoen hears a causo only when both sides agreo, but his decisions aro subject to an appeal to tho higher courts of the Btate, There is no appeal from the verdicts of tho French Conseils des Prud'lominea or tho English Ar. bitration Boards. Both have tho force of law. Both the Bar Association and the general public sro bound to consider tho lessons of history on this matter, and to do so, the one beofors it recommonds aud tho other before it nccepts any plans for enlarging the pres- cnt legal machinery of tho State of Illinois. THE POPULAR VOTE. Tv the Editer of TAe Triduns. Tratrsviiie, Wie, Jan. 25, =Will you publish 1n "tz PuisuNE the number of popular voles cast for cach candldate for the Prostdency In the years 1408, 1872, and 1870, that the preseut standing of the Hopubllcan party may bo seen? Yours respects ully, W. A. SuxFusub, The following tables show the popular votes of all the States for President In 1800, 1854, 1863, 1872, and 16761 Tincoln, Rep. 1,800,362 Douglus, Dem. 1,375,167 Hreckiuridge, 845,703 Letl, Unlou.. + DBO,0B1 ..6,100,853 2,210,007 1,808,725 . 4,035,392 3,015,071 42,700,013 5,724,084 3,607,132 834,123 Total.. Lincoln, Re Mctlellan, Total., Grant, Tte Seywour, Total.. Qrant, ey Ureeley, ji Total . 0,401,257 Hages, 1 Thiicn, Cooper, Iud..,...,, Smith, Probibition. ‘Total, 8,410, 035 Mr. Guezrey did not poll the Democratic vote In 1872 by more than balf o million, An fmuienss number of Detmocrats voted for GRANT for the purposc of defeating GuegLny, and a ureat many refused to vote for President. Sax Downes thinks the Bupreme Court has lost its best imember in the translation of Judge Davis to the * House of Pecrs.” Heo pays this warn tribute to the now Senator: It will be n great loss to the Court to have him leuve it. He Wwone of the threo or four, perhaps one of the two, best Judyes upon it 1Tts percep- tlon of the truth fw intultive, hiv grip of the fucta und principles of a yuestion strong and vital, und hie deals with the right und wronicof the cass befare i not ouly with undeviatiug sensc, but unfituching coursgy. Speaker Kint aald of him that no men detected a raseal or u rascally propoal- tion qulcker thay be. and uo man was wore instant in exposing them. o would override nlmost the propricties of the court-room and of the trial o put his foot upon the wrong sud drive the crael sultor out of court. Jlla appearance in the Seunte wit ba u groat guin to thas body. ills Judiciel ex- perlence und reputation und habits of thought will of thonwelveu give him pusition und welghit 1n {ts debaten und votea, while his real ments and power ura Hkely ulono (6 put bim amung the fret coun- sclors of thal great council body, — A & subatitute fur Jouy Loaax luugungu weems almost to fall fn incasuring the conirsel and the gain. 'Though elected malnly by the votes of thic liemocrate, Judge Davis Ie really un Independont Natioual Heptblicay, with no 1ore sywpathy with the old Deinocratd ity than ApilanaN LixcouN, who wua libs xrest fricnd and who appoluted bio to the Fuderal Hench, or Cusliixs SUMKER, O Why, " sald Speaker Ky, denouncing, last wintor, the wugegestion uf makiog Lim the Democratic candi- duto tor tho Preajdency, **ho would vmosh Demucratic party 10 pleces 80 s0on aud 4 sure as Lie got futo the White House,™ e —— The Cinclonat! Commercial, which haa critle cleed very severely many of the acts of GeANT's Admivistration, ts coustrained to admit that, when great questions urise, bie 13 uever found lacking fn wisdom. It remurks: It s to bosald for tho President that, since the report uf thy Couferenco Comniitea waa spread Lefors the two Hlouses, L hax encouraged ity pass- uie b all proper ways, aud 24 o believes, b tho fnteccst wnd tor the welfurs of the people, 1t is 8 curioud fact that while negligeut in wuny matters of adituletration, and cehwurable in others, by has, on every grent question which will cherac- terize his aduiinlstration i histury, put himseif on the Tight side, ESenator CONKLING gave thls as a reason for supporting the Arbitration Plan: * Decause | uean to maiutalu at overy stage of these procecdings that the Nepublican candidsty hiss been chusen President, becauss § belicve hin a patriot sudu yood citlzen, therefore [ wish totake & Al for hini that ehall bo so clear that 5o une can any that Le has clutched power. e ema— ‘The Ruilroad Gazette reports the new rallroad milcage for the year 1870 ns 2,443 miles, of which 838 was fu Texas, 850 fu Culifornis, 270 {n Oy, and 155 Ju Colorado. This Ls the most ex- tensivo since 1578, There was also bully 837 miles of narrow-gauge in 1870, The total mfle- age In the country of broad-gauge is now 70,- 010, which {s almost equal to the length of nj) the rallronds on the Contlucnt of Europe. ————— “You pays your money and takes your cholee,” The New York Zimes (Republican) calls the Compromise bill a Republican surren. der'; the Clnclnnati Enguirer (Democratic), ' 4 Democratie eapitulation,” and the Chicago Times calls it **an abdleatlon LIN' Thg TRIDUNBE thinks ft is a scosible, proper, and constitutional way of ascertalning which candi. data has the better titlo to the Presidency. —— PERSONAL, Tlentl Mannler, the Prench original of Joneph Prudhomme, was the author of the mot, attributed toagamin: *'Inever had any luck; I never paw any one fall out of s Afth-story windos, The Countess Pepoll, better known as Madame Albonl, who began singing over thirty years ago, was marejed Iast week to a gay French oficer who faeight years her Junlor, Tho Countess is now 53 years of age, Queen Victorfa has conferrcd the high dignity of he Order of Lhe Garter on her oldeat grahdson, son of the Crown Princo of Germany, who attained hls majarity on the 27th Inst,, belng on that day 18 years of nge, Thora fs n Litcrary Soclety in Washington, like those of Chicago and Clncinnatl, Chief-Justica Drake s Presilent of the Washington Soclety, Ladics are ndmitted to momberahip, and the meet. Inga aro licld In private resldences. A hitherto unpablished serica of letters from Goethe to Marlnnne von Willmer will bo published in Germany atthe Leginning of Febroary, and will npeedily be reproduced In Patls, The ariginals of theso lottern have for a long time been preserved in the library st Frankfort, The execution of the Mormon Dishop Lee for participation In tho Mountaln Meadow massacre was to have taken placo last Friday, but a stay of proceedings was obtalned, and the caso will ba corrled to tho United States Bupremo Court, unless the Territorlal Court granta a new trlal, A novel by Mary llealy, of Chicago, ealled **8torm-Driven," haa been pablished 1n London. One of tho least conventlonal personages Is n Mrs, Cox, leader of fashions at Lakevillo (which the reader will understand to bo Chicago). "The Spec- tator says the story Is admirably told throughont, A bill hag been introduced in the Rhoda Tsland Leglalature to pravent the fnterference of Federal ofticeholders with State cloctions. It must be in. tonded rather for moral offect than than for any roform In the State of ithode Island, since thero has not lately been any well-fonnded complalnt of Federsl Interferonce there, A brilliant woman In Parls who incnrred the die- pleasarc of the censors 'and'wus sent to prison for eight days immedintely became fumous, and was engaged at a large salary to write caaays, borderiny on forbldden ground, for one of the dally news- papers. Only become known InParls as brilllant and not too nice, and your fortunc {s made, Apopular minister has attempted to demolish tho old and well-known hymn, 1y Vo o wway, oo Tre saye the happy land Is nat far away, but on the contraty very noar, at hand. Ills attention has been dirccted to Isalah, xxalil,, 17, which reads: **Thine eyes shall see the King In His beauty: they shall bohold tho land that is very far off," Walt Whitman, ot the Tom Palne meeting in Phlladelphia, declared that Palno lived a good life, after its kind, and dled calmly and philosophically a8 became him. ** 1l served the embryo Unlon with most proclous servica—a aervice that every man, woman, and chlld in our thirty-oight States 11 to some extent receiving tho beneflt of to-day— and1, for one," sald Mr, Whitman, ** hero choere {ully and roverently throw my nedble on the calm of his memory." A remarkablo proof of brotherly nffection has beon afforded {n the progress of the Nichols df- vorco caso at Bridgoport, Conn. The lrother of tho husband has devoted his entire timo to the de- fense, ond has advanced $50,000 to defray the ex. penses of the trial. Tho lawyers employed in tho case are Licavily feod, Judge Lullerton alons re- celving $100 por day, besides o largo retainer. The caso s the principal tople of conversstion throoghont Connectlcat. The snobbish Councll of the Dotanical Gardons ig London Las relnxed the rale forbldding smoking In favor of the Prince of Wales, Ilfs Royal High- ness sceme 10 b almoat as devoted to the weed an tlo Prosident of tho Unlted States, When Whito's Club notifled the Prince that he would no longer be permltted to smoke In certaln apartments of tho Club-bullding, he withdrew from the orgsnization aud established the Marlborongh, where ho may smoke, drink, and {uvito bia soul as he pleascs. Mr, Georwe Wilkes, in o book recently published contitled **8hakepeare from an American Polnt of Viow, " attempts to show that the great poct wasn snob, always flattorlng the aristocracy at tho ex- pense of tho laborlug classes, and carrying his sycophancy to the farthest extreme attalnable, ‘Tho Influence of hils works hag been, Mr, Wilkes thinks, vory Injurious, and has done moro to con- tinuo the popular reverence for royslty snd the nobility in England than all other causes com- bined. ‘ Bayard Taylor overhoard two young bloods, with thelr brains mounted on tho kiobs of walking. sticks, talking loudly and profancly in a street-car of a person of thelr acqualutance who, one cf them #ald, wanted to be **n literary man and a gentle- man at tho same time,” **A llterary man {s ono thing, a gentleman 1 other," tho second ro- Jolned., * Well—yo-e-e o literary man who Is ra-u-athor 8 gentleman,” tho first continued. **D-d seldom!" exclalmed the sccond, iu a loud volee; and tho two got out of thy car, » Edmond Scherer, the brilllant critlc, has Juat publtabied an easay for cortaln Fronch translations from forelgn authors, {n which he mointains his old theorem that one cannot know Virgll, Dante, Shakspearo, or Goathe by readlng them in French only, Thetbythmic forms of the Janguage, the tegulatity of tho motre, tho slavery of the thyme, sutlico to dlsgulse anddeform the orlginal, Words- worts and Colerldgeare more attainsble In French, ‘The criticlem has eyokod conslderably fnterest, and finds wore favor mow than {t did when first euunclated, The Chicf Queen of Durmah—Ileaven reat her soul—is dead. But shols not burled, mor Mkely soontobe, Clnd inler magnificent robes, with Jewels sparkling on cvery Hmb, sho lles in stato In one of the chlef rooms of the palace. Therosho will remaiu until thne completes the slow process of decay, or until s new King ascends the throne, when sho will be unceremoniously cast into the garret (aro there parrets in Burmahy) The King is In duty bound tovisit the remaine once & day, andif ho does not Qndinthe contemplation of them abundant food for bittor fancy to feed upun, Do {4 not made of tho stul that should onter fnto the composition of kingly befogs. It L mot sur- prisiug to hear that the King contemplaten apeedy abdication. Thero hav been & new journal founded fn Lon- don with the ssplring uame of TrutA; and ite con- ductors seem to belleve not only that the truth should be spoken at all times, but that all the tsyth should bo spoken at least once i week, which 13 at presont 0s often a3 tho new journal appears, The last issue contalus & compliment, none (s dellcate, of an Aworican Iady's feet, tho nsme the lady belng given without reserve, The vditer rapturvusly says that **both of hor fect fogether would hardly gil an Engllab lady's shoes." What will the stald old London weeklies say to talk of this description? Thers was a Ums when they could notridiculo suficlontly the vulger personalis ties of American journals, yet there 1s proba- bly not a newapaper la this country of any posl- tlon which has the minuteness of vislon exhiblted lu Truth. Wo hope the Uyde Fark Debating So- clety will constder next this question: las the ex- ample of American Journallsm corrupted tho mia- lons of the Britiab press? Lord Granville, fn distzibullng prizesjrecently to the Dover S8chool of Art, cxpressed bis strong dis- sgreenicnt with tho Rav. Mark Pattlson's vicws a8 10 the degeneration of British tasto g relation to art, 1o adwmitied that there was an fncroase ln vulgarity of taste, & fu the uuwmbers of the people, but, in proportion to the jucreaslng wealth aud the increasing population of the country, ho belleved that the §mprovement in the Hugllsh taste was very noticeable. He found, 2 sn Lumble fnstance of improvewent, that the ladies were loss dli- posed to disguive themselves with powder, aud rouge, and halr-dycs thau their grondmothers, sad both they and thelr poorer ncighbors dressed In better taste. Especlaliy be thought children's books Lad Improved, told sa aemusing etory of- & little girl of bls ualutance who, on belng pree seated wlf boak uot well illusteated, dropped I 1nto the waste-basket with & curtsey, Thislest anccdote almost tempts one to hope that ja tho future Eoglish children msy learn good manners st the expense of thelr spprecistion of besatitsd pleturss,