Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 2, 1876, Page 9

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY. DECEMBER 2, 18%6—TWELVE PAGES, [ITERATURE. tory of French Literature H“}ror?n Its Origin to the Renaissance. gtories of English School- Life--=Scroll and In- laid Worl. Aneciloten of Sholley—--Gems of the Drosden Gallery—-Poems " of Plaoes, Journalism in Xtaly--Overthrow of the Car-of-Juggernant Fiction. The Pilot-Fish---Results of the British Arctic Expedi- tion. Antlseptics anfl Disinfectants--- The Gorilla at Borline-s Germs of Disense. LITERATURE. TFRENCII LITERATURY. PISTORY OF FRENCH LITERATURE, By Henny VAN LauN, L.—Fnos ITs OniuIN 10 THE RexAI8sANCE. 8v0,, pp. 342, New York: G, 7. Ptnam’s Sons, Intranslating Taine's * English Literature,” r, Van Loun bad a most profitable tralaing in tbemethiods of writing a philosophical history of the intellectual progress of a people. He ud one of the finest examples ever produced ader his observation, and, in the minute study e was compelled to makeof it, there was sbandant opportunity to note the merits and defects In 1te plan and exccution, which were to te avolded or imitated in the preperation of & \inflar work, 1t would indeed be amanof atrsordinary parts who could improve upon the Mitory of M. Talno; who could bring to the * yskan fmagination of equal brilllancy and dar-. , o penetration as quick and keen, n faculty for conducting the processes of reasoning with ite samo logical clearness and cogency, a flow of lingusgo 88 fervent and persuasivo; and, with these, s more correct conception of the end to beattained, and a truer understandiog of tho materialy Lmughc into requisition. ~ Where thers_might in’ some points be an advant: ned over the inimitable model, there would vy probably be in certaln others s loss that must be serlously folt, Doubtless Mr. Van Laun bas not proposed to bmeplf to rival the preat master with whoee njus he has made so intimate an acqualatance, tinattempting todofor Frenchliterature wha M. Talne has donte for the English, aud i tho fatof the previous association of his name as tanslator with that of M.Talne as author, n wmparison between the two histories is very ntarally suggested. It would be unfair to Mr. Yao Lsun to pursue the parallel to any lepgth, atleast at the present date, as only the tirstvol- umeof his bool fa yet concluded, and its scope, utbus far fndicated, [8 of much less magnitude tanin the work of the French critie, There [s need of a good treatise in the En- dih tongue on the literature of Frauce, Thero subeen published o translation, or rather an alaptation, of the excellent work of M. Demo- gat; but, aslde from-this, we do_not know of 4 good hand-book on the subject that'is accessi- Meto the English reader. For this reason the vork of Mr. Van Laun {s opportune, and will bo woreciated. 1ts author has a just {des of the . Juvinee of 8 history of literature. He rightly waprehends that It muat oot be Mmited to a ligof authors and & review of thelr writings, Latshould tuko juto consideration the circumn- taces of thy titnes in which they had thelr telog, Aknowledge of the literature of a no- thnfncludes a knowledge of the orlzin and evo- latlon of the race, of the {nflucnces exerted up- vnuklx climate and external nature, and by &mfl , religlous, nod social changes. A book ke product of 1ta'eru; and, to understand it, the history of the era la essential, tr. Van Lauu has a fall realization of this trath, and, before enterlng upon sn examina- tonof thelr literature, makes a study of the condltions which huye given rise snd direction tothe chavacteristivs of the French people. Amid what surroundings has the esprit Gaulols benmolded1 (s tho fundamental Inquiry he In- itutes. Ita features are sharply lxullncd: falire, trenchant yet good-natured skill in rep- wtee, fertility oi logle, tiuesee of expresstorf, and great rhietorical puwers, are among theniost prominent. As a natfon, the French are *irrev. trent, gkeptical, rash fu theory, flery and lmpa- t rather than perslstent in action, castly sus- teptible of emotion, overflowing with avlmal siitits, self-indulgent, not incapable of but dis~ clined to_long endurance, triumphing rather byfiful enthusiasim than by pafuful adhercuce Wduty, restraint, and obedience. Their reason- ficultles are strong; thoy are quivk- tted, logical, philosopbical, but, with lit- Ue perseverance, they ure llable to inme wuracy, and make comnaratively amall uso olexperlence, With such virtues and such fail- 4 they have suffered the most provoking de- fats, Alternately fo the yan and in tho rear of bunanity, they bive for their “consolation the Lt that’ the britlianey of their victorles out- lsea the shame of their repulses; and they bave tumed the prafso which s their proudest boast, ~that of biefugs the cynosure of Europe,? A race llke this, versutile, brilliant, adrott, Uapasaloned, changeful, and uncertain, awakens Ut livellest curiosity, and its intellectunl ox- rience (s of necessity repleto with instruction. le it Las recelved Buccessive and lasting im- Il:!tllnnl from the races who n the carly ages uded and subjected its territory, it has pow- tlolly affected fn late times tlie thought'und nduct of contenporary natfons. Its Viiterary &r.nmrhl remaln to this day among the most :flhhnlnndmm’kl of universal literature, If ¢ set vn ono elde the master-minds of Ea- ) it 8 to Frauce that wo must look for the flm lights of modern duys, th:‘fmn plonecrs mm«lcm thouglit, tha great leadersof modern 'B;""Kence. From France come tho poets kma burnine words foflamed the ~dull 2 of the Middle Ages, tha dramatlsts who Mued the classfeal stugo’ of the seventeenth- atary, the nuthematiclans who opened up to mmc the murvelous simplicitics of nstro- " leal truths, tho Joglelan and metaphysiclans w‘l)lmzhl the solid inind to revolve fn the t of ratfonal faith, the bistorians who first Im:]m\ the cliaos of tradition to s science, and s nledlwllln heredftary genius, the |ln_=pllclty couclston of Livy “and ‘Tacitus. Ta her, ] all, wo owo the orderly and logical dis- & iativn of {deas, arraugeiment of thoughts, “fimcu and, luvn{ty of vxpression, readiness 'mtl;lucx!on, aud elégance of dictiou, without Ly a literaturs can appear at the best but a i of unknown and unclussified gems," lnh'i;'ghh 8tst volume Mr. Van Laun carries his e t futo the period of the Henalssance, Rk It at the close of a review of the ln?,',".““"“'“‘l of the lubors of Calvin and I mmdalu the sixteenth century, He divides 'N«h‘h“" {nto threo books, in the first of etreatsof theoriginof the Frenchnation; dh llu‘und.ol feudal soclety ; and,intho third, dmfl:flleunhm\ce. Thero is & considerable tpleg 1, Detween the arraugement of his o aud that followed by Domogeat, as there “‘-n‘g;fm“" the arquincats and criticlsing . onof} by the two writvrs, In tho coustruoc bel g his Work, fudging from the portion now Wl: HIL!IF‘ an Loun dlsplays 1:‘:lmlm'lhlls, , hm’e abllity and disposition to be compro- ey u::."d consclentious {n treatment, Ho Haptent evluce a striking originality, but, in teps mur.ulv trults which are valuablo In S uction ol books of genulne service to Tl STORIES OF SCHOOL-LIFE, uxgom Litrie oy Lirris, A Tais or Bos- Nt 1ot Uy EugoEmo W, Paruan, D Do Lify oyt Marlborough Callege; Author of **Tha Yorg ot hrist, etc, “19mo,, pp. 806, New LAY E L. Butien & Co, : . hA o 20 ke o Corveaw Lurm, lorug oy FAUIAL, D Dy Mustor of ; egos Authior o t o o 26, Kiw'Yore: E. P Dotton & . Wi Iy podFRED'S; on, Tus WonLp o BesiooL. Q"nu‘.‘,’;"},"’“ W; Fauman, D.D. | Author of 2 Howe, " ete. 12mo,, pp. 411, N ks . . Ditton & Co. PHie, $3. 2% D% Farrar, b s being at the head of one of the N‘h“, E;’zlhh schools, should kuow very thor [Py m‘: eXberienco of yeuth at such institus "“0\‘11 hnl'helc uovels of his, which exhiblt W ‘“nl:ed €8 At atagres of schoolboy-life, must [y Wee @ pletures of pogsible or probable Or uob ey adhers to tho truth, thele representations are, nsa whole, of ade- cldedly-disagreeable naturc, It Is painful to witness the deterioration and ultfmate down- fall 3¢ an originally noble character like that of “Erle,” who fs tho bero of the lirst volume, The mlud rebels agalust the fate which destroys Iitm, as ngslnat something unnatural, or, at any rate, ncedlessly crucl. In each of the threo series, evil s allowed to tndermine purity snd wither cherishied hopes fn an odfously-ruthless way. 'lthe n!\icd. which the author evidently has in vlew, 1s the tnculcation of virtue by nlluwlnf the hidcousncss of vice; as the 8partans gave their boys lessons in temperance va bringing before them examples of the degraded behavior of drunkards; as we inve known a fatper to put i Police (Jazette tn the way of his sou that tho beauty of integrity might be appreciated by the conteinplation of erime. Brutality and knavery mfi' e the dominant forees fn the publicachools and universities of England; but the scenes of violence and corruption In which they have full eway are anything but ogreeablo to “look upon, and Dr., Farrar commits a great error in employ- fog bis pen chiefly In portraying thom. They neither entertain” nor edify the “discriminating reader. While wrong prevails go cxtensively in the world, it cannot be clininated from fleifon without violence to the principle which demands fidelity in all art; but we ub‘uut 1o its overshud- owlng Influence in books which are intended ex- pressly for the enlightenment of the young. SCROLL-WORK., MANUAL OF 8CROLL-SAWING AND SORREN- TO INLAID WORK, Chlcago: John Wilkiuson, 60 Lakao street, Among now branches of Industry the manipu- 1ationof varlous kinds of wood by means of the scroll-saw I8 just now having a remarkable de- velopment. One manufacturer of machines hns sold already over 5,000, and others probably near as many. Tho artfsa Imfpy blending of S utilect duice,'’ the ornamental andthe useful the artlstic and the mechanical, and thousands of men and women, boys and girls, who never thought of uny such occupation acfora this Centennlal” yesr, lave been {naplred by the sizht of the neat and clegant smachines, and thele beautiful reaults as phown at Philadelphia, to take up the purauit, make It o fashion and o %uul D, and producs an im- mensa variety of objects of use sud beauty, such a8 braviets, ¢asels, clovk-frames, Pnneb futures, andother similararticles into which woods of varl- ous kinds and colors can be worked, Theoblect of this book (which It secs adinirably fitted to fulflll) is to teach the art from the very beginning, through all its intrlcacles, and also to furnish, by Its numerous {llustratiuns, paticrus for finl- tation, not only in woodwork, but In embroldery and other ornamental tasks where initial Jutters and fanciful designs can be used. = JUVENILES, WE BOYS., WnirTex »Y Oxe or Us ron Tus AwuseneXe oF Pa8 AXD Aas IN QENNEAL, AUNT LouisA 1N PaRTicULAR, 10mo., pp. 246, Doston:. loberts Brathers, Price, 81, RODDY'S IDKAL. Uy HeLex Hespnick Joux- sox, Author of ‘‘Roddy's Homance" ete, Umo., np. 200. New York: G. P, Batoam's Bons, ' Price, 31,25, THE BOY-EMIGRANTS., DBy Noam Lrnoors. With [lustrations by Tuoxas Monay and W. L. BRErrALD. 12mo., pp. 380, Now York: Scrib- ner, Annllron,i&(:u. Price, 81,50, THE HOUSE WITI{ 8PECTACLES. By Lrona Brrrisoy Honixson. —16mo., . 242, Now York: G P, Putanm's Sons. * Price, 81,95, THE BOYS AND GIRLS OF THE REYOLGTION. By Cuanses I Woooxax., 12mo., pp, 281, Phlledolphlas J. 1., Lippincott & Co. Eitler of thease books can be safely relied up- on as entertaining and wholesome reading for & child, The literary style s, fu every case, ex- ccllent, the narrative sprizhtly, and the tono of the whole production unexceptionable. 5 “\We Boys,” ‘Roddy's Ideal,”” nud *The Honse with Spectacles,” alm at nothing beyond gratifying the juvenilo fondness fora stirring story; and their single purpose {8 admirably ac- complished. *The Boy-Emigrants® conveys, in the gulse of fletion, s truthful history of ploncer life on the great Plalns and in Callfor- nla n quarter of o century ago, It Lins been one of the most popular serinls in St. Nicholas dur- ing the past year or more. There is quite as much exciting Intercst in “The Boys and Girls of the Revolution ' aa in any of the other vol- umes mentfoned, and yet & {8 o narratiye of une adulwerated fact, Tho author has achieved o rare suceess in the attempt to render history fn- viting to youthfal readers. Ilis book ls ode of the few juveniles which aro valuable both for the solld fostruction snd the lively entertaln- ment they afford. : A NOVEL BY HAMERTON, WENDERIOLME. A STony of LANCABHIRE AKD Yongsuin®. By DL GiLnEnt NAMEnRT Author of *\The Intoliectual Life, " stc, 12m pp. 433, Doston: Roburts Brothers. Price, $2. When ¢ Wenderholme* was first produced, about slx years ago, it conformed to tho con- ventlona length of the popular English novel, and was published in thres volumes. Theau- thor confesses that, In extending his work to 611 the prescribed measure, he acted contrary to the dictates of his judzment regarding {ts prop- er proportions. The resulc was what might be expected from the cireumstances: something very close toa fallure, The book has now been revised and com- Heucv.l 50 88 to represent more falthfully Mr. amerton’s originnl voneeption, sud {u this dl- minished form {s presented to the Amerlean public. Amendment by condensation will, how- ever, not be sullicient to lnsure Its success. It needs au tufuston of cuergy and feellug, Nouw of the characters give the impression of belng really alive. They move slugglshly, as in a dreuin, even In thelr most ntense “momcnts. The experfence of lovetsclf does not rouse themn to enthusiasmi. Bharp extvemes of fortune, the stivg of joy, the fnspiration of llnfpllleu, alike fail to exalt them out of their quict impassive- ness. It nuet be concluded, from Mr, Hamerton's two efforts in the department of fictfon, that he Is wanting in vigor of imagination, His talent ¥es in didactic and deseriptive \\'mh:}x, where study oud reflection ure clilelly demanded ; und to tiils provinco of literature “he would do well |- to coufine himself. CHRISTMAS-BOOKS. SIR RAE. A Poex, With Illustrations, 8va., v I Philadetplita: J, B. Lipplucolt & Co, ofili Tlagn ANDUTIUE TIAMIS, Tugs As- woctaTIONS, Past ANy Puesent. With Numer- ous llustrations, 8vo., pp. 100, Philadelphia; J. B, Lippincott & Co, THE VILLAGKE-SCHOOL, By the Author of *¢Child-Nature,” and Olher Pootus for Yonug People. Profussly lilustrated, 8vo., pp. 00, Philadeiphin: J. 8. Lippiucott & Co, "Theso volumes are clothed In festive costumes suggestive of the svason of the mistletoe and the holly. * 8lr Ruo?* 1s presented fn the best stylo of a press which has long held, by its cle- gant work, a front rank among the publishing- houses of our country. The bouk 1s a veritable volume de luxe, aud would ornanient any draw- ing-room table. Aa much canuot bo sald of thy poem It Incloses. ‘Thisis n feeble production, assuming o promineuve which It connot maln- talu ou the score of merit. The delineation of thy scenery along ‘¢ Tho ‘Tiber aud the Thomes™ {s done with both pen and pencll, The most notable views of land- scape and architecture are roproduced by the Iatter, while a deserlptive and historival accouut of all places of interest lsing on elther river is couveyed in the letter-press, W The Village-School ™ la s reprint of an En- glish work, and gives an example of the sonjs and tho pictures that are provided for the young cople of the British isles, Au_examination of it will tend to malo uscontented with our hotne- productions In this e, In juvenile ltesaturo Amerlcea docs not need to borrow or copy from lier couslu across the water, SANS-S80UCI SERIES, ANECDOTE-BIOGRAPHY OF PERCY BYSSNE SUELLEY. Edllud_(l;& Ricuarp HExgy fron- Danb, 1two., pp, 200, New York: Berlbner, Armsfrong & Co. Price, 81.560. It must be acknowledged that the Bans-8oucl series does not contalu 8 nore Interesting num- Der than this last ssucd. It gives no new n- formatlon coucernlng the poct Shclloy; but, by Judiclous selections from varlous Liographics; fitted together in a solld mosalc, it presents an Impartial and verisimilar portralt. The traduced ond despised; poet, whoas great inlsfortune 1t ;vu 'ifi:"t?u ca;no I:::lo ll‘in wu&nl Aty eutx-; llm- lore .time, is gradual U o Just judg- ment, (rom‘ mnnklud.’ EI- ,llfgh craoual virtues, are recclviug & recoguitfon which durlug his lifethne was demled; und the “rufnous blight wbhich the pame of athelst threw upou bis reputation as a man and u gentus, 18 belog removed, The world s reachlog ¢! ¢ polut fu its progress toward an ulevnm‘f aod liberal plane, from which it can regard men with a vlsion unrestricted by nar- row, blinding projudices, and cau aceord to their merits a t unbiased and uustinted bythe cousure due to thulr fallings and errors. PLACE-POEMS, POEMB OF PLACES. Edited by Hesxnyr. W. Loxorstrow. Bcortawp. Yol 1, 8mo. , pp. 240, Boston: James R, Osgood & Co. Bcotland is ons of tho natural homes of poesy. [Kta locks, and rivers, and highlunds are themselyes poews written by the haud of Na- ture, and fosplre the genius which bebolds them to celebrats their heauty fn answeriig strains of song. ‘The hlstory of the Scottish race fs Tike- wisa full of herofsm awl romance, nffording elo- quent themes for the mingtrel’s lyre. Mr, Long- fellow has fllled one volume with the melodies ol aro assoclated with places situated within Beotland's border; and yet, arranging them In alpltabetieal order, hins nut procoeded in hiseata- loggue beyond the letter F. Several more vol- umes wiil, at this rate, be needed to hold ol his sclections, NELIGIOUS, OCTAVIUS INOOKS FROTNINGIIAM AND THE NEW FAITH. By Ensuxy C. STEDMAN, 12m0., l‘g. 60, New York: (. P, Potman’s Bone, MUDERN MATERIALISM: Its Armiveps To- WA TiiRaLouy. Cosvnimixo Twe PAPERS Neesixrry yiox ' Tuk Coxtrromany Ilte- YIEW, " AKD iEING A CoNT TION OF THE Alt- LIGION A% ATFECTED Y MubERN y daxrs Mantineav, LL. 1. &ttrlw.. P 211, New York: G, P. Patnam's e " The cssay first named above was originally printed In the Galazy, and bas, In response to o considerabls demand, been reproduced fn book form, It gives n brief summary of the life and falth of the most emincnt expounder of what may-be termed the religlon of Reason, or Ra- tloitalism, whom we havc in America to-day. The MNttla book entitled * Matcrallsm* con- tains two scholarly papers called out from Dr. Martineau by the Belfast address and sub. sequent utterances of o kindred nature by Prof, Tyndall, The srticles ng‘[l\enrml. in the Conlemn~ porary Review carly in 15710, VEST-POCKET BERIES, NATURE, By Rairn Watbo Excnsoy, Vest- Pucket Serica, Hoston: James 1t. Osqood & Co, Price, 60 cents, - While examining the hosts of attractive and valugblc books that are: adapted for service as hollday-gifts, let not the little * Veat-Pocket Berfes” bo overlooked. A set of these minle- ture volumes would moke s graclous appeal to the taste and affection of any friend. A more cunning and entlelng edition las never been produced, nor vne that is more uscful. The contents of tha sor{es are, without exception, choive fragments of Englfih literature, and, In this tiny shape, are most convenient at many times and 10 many places. Taken altogether, there {s nothing #ti the book-market that more #llglm both eye and mind than these dainty ljouz. THE DRESDEN GALLERY. GEMS OF THE DRESDEN GALLERY. Cox. Prirrxg Tie Most Fastors Axn Porusan Wonks 1% THE DuRspEN CoLLECTiON, REPRODUCED IN IIELtoTyrK FrOX TUR BEAT ENonavizes, Witit NoTicEs oF Tnz Wouss Axp Tuz Autists. Follo, Py, 105, Boston: James R, Osgood & Co, This clegant volume contains twenty-four # (fems from tho Dreaden Gallery," reproduced by-tho heliotrope process from the best cngray- lnge. Among the collection we note the Sistiue Madonua, Holbeln's Madonna, Corregeio’s La Nottcand The Reading Magdalen, Dolec's St. Ceellta, Rubens’ * Inos*Bwo,” with examples of Rembrandt, Murilto, Van Dyck, Ruysdael, ete. ete. The y]cturu arg In every case nzcmn;mnlc with a short sletch of thelr author, and ot thelr own theme aud history, ‘The worlk {s one of the baudsomest that have been displayed on the bockscllers’ shelves this scason. TIE MISTRESS OI' THE MANSE, THE MISTRESS OF THE MANSE. By Jd. G. Houtaxp, Iitustrations Drawn by Miny A. Harrock, Titoxas MoRAN, ALFRED FREDERICKS, Enwty A, Ancey, and HELAENA DERAY. 8vo., o ant, New Yorks Scrlbner, Armstrong & ‘o, Price, 86, Messrs, Seribner, Armstrong & Co, offer to the pubtic o superb edition of **'The Mistrers of tho Manse.” This popular poem by Dr. Iiol- land will win new favor by the charm of fts freal and beaut{ful dress. Tre illustrations are h( skillful artists, and all tle other detatls of the book are in exquisite keeping. BOOKS RECEIVED. 4 POEMS, By StwNsy Laxicn, 10mo,, pp, 04 Pilladeipnfa:” 4. 5. Lippincots & Co."Frice HOURS WITH JOHN DARBY, By tho Anthor of **Thinkers and Thiuking," ct¢, 16mo., pp. 850, Phildelphin: J. B.' Lippincolt & Co, Price, $1,23. SUNSIINE IN THE SHADY PLACE, By Emtit AlLxen, Anthorof “* Fitfnol Gleaws from ¥ancy- Land," ete. 12mo., pp. 202 Pnlladeiphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. RPOCUS OF UHISTORY. Tt Kanty Praxtaa- ®xETe, © By Witniay Brunns, M, A., Reglus Professor of Modarn Uistory in thie University of Oxford. With Two Mape. 16mo., pp._ 300, Sow York: Serlbuer, Armatrong & 'Co. " rice ILLUSTRATED LIBRARY, OF \WONDERS. Dianosps AN Pueciors Stones, A Porunan Accoust ov Goun, Translated from tho French of Louta DiesLArAtr, Professor of Physics und Doctor of Sclences, by FANcuox Saxroun, 1= * lustrated with 126 Engravings on Wood. 1%mo, . 202, York: Kcribner, Armutrong & ‘0. Price, $1. OUTLINES OF LECTURES ON THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPIY. By Jonx J, Euaexnonr, 8. T, D., Unlveraity Profossor of Philosuply an Engllsh Literature fu Racing College. 1fmo., pp. 208, New York: G. P, Putpam’a Sons. TIIE ARUNDAL MOTTO. A Novet. By Mar Crow Hav, Author of *+0ld Myddelton's Money," etc., ete. DPaner, New York: Harper & Brothers. Price, 70 conts, A HOMERIC DICTIONARY, Fou Usk 1x SciooLs ASD CoLrears. From the German of Dr, GEonuE AcTesneigTi, Kector of the Gymnasium at Zwelbrucke Translated, with Additions and Corrections, by, Itonenr P Krer, Phe “mo., pp. 3 New York: Harper & Drothe erd. Price, 81, = PERIODICALS RECEIVED. 8T, NICHOLAS for December, (Scritmer & Co., Now York), Contents: LFrontlsplece— ! *Tho flcart of Winter,” drawn vy Thomas Moran; " Poems and Carols of Wintor, Uy Lucy Lar- acket," by Earah \Winfer Kelloge; ck's Strenge Children, " by E, Mul- fer; **1lis Own Master," Chaptera I -1V., by J. o, rowhridges ** A Christuias Song, " by Thittle 8. Russell; *+The Horse Tlotel,” 'by "Charles i e Flack of Doves, "' by Celia Thax- lio lioys of Ny Toyhood:” A Taik wit y Willlam Cullen Hey Door, h{ Busan Coolldees” 4 Behoo),* Poem, by M. 31, B, ** Dolugs of the *Tally's Cltlstmas Sucloty," " by Ollve “Thorno; ““The Kingdom of 1bo Grepdy ' {Concinded), transinted by Lanra W, Jobuson; **The Com- platnt ot o Siockins, by Sydney Dayre oA 'luck fn the Sky ut t,% by Richard A, Proctor:**Loon Maturln's 'Christmas Eve,® by o F. n: **Some Oriental Eports Ao 1 "sa § Fanny Roner Feudge; A Christrias hools, " by Edward Egeferton; **The Good-Natured Bear," by Tsa- bella Valancy Crawford; **The Spring-Toard, " plture drawis by ¥, Oppers **'Tho True Story of w Doll," by Robecea tueding Daviny **The Petorkine' Christmns-Tree, ' by Lucretia I, 1ale: SA TN, by J. 8,3 *Jack-In-tho- Pulple:" *+For Vory Little Folka: Tho liobln's Viait, " by 24, 3. D¢ *“What My Littlo Brothor Thinke,® by Jdael Btacy: **Our_Musle Paze: Chrivimig Caro), ™ words by Mary Mapes Dodge, music by ¥. Toott’s +The Lettor-Tox;'" *+The filddle-B GODEY'S LADV'S HOOK 'for December (1. Godey, Philudelphia), PUOMIIEUS for Juuary (C. P Somerby, New arks), AMERICAN LAW REQISTRR for November (D, B, Canfeld & Co,, Philndeiphin). 00K-BUYEI for November (Scribner & Cou, Now York), N FAMILIAR TALK. JOURNALISM IN ITALY. . The November number of the Julernational Revlew contalns an oxcellent artlcle on journals and Journaliam fu Italy, which {s Interesting as showing the compamtive development in this branch of literaturo of that country and our own. ‘Tho ordinary reader, who s accustomed 1o regard America aud fts achiovements as the basis for all parallcls und countrasts, will be pleased to soe that in the department of jour- nalism sbe looms up far in advance of her elder slater to whom she owes 50 much Inart and classleal culture, Jtaly aud Rome aro al- most considercd us convertiblo nuwes, and one would naturally suppose that the Eternal Clty, 1ke London in England, would draw to ltself the best journalistic talent, and produce the most fnfluontial aud widely-clrculated newspapers in the country, It scems, how- ever, thet this ls fur from lclog the cas0, and that Italy has suvoral political centres of nearly equal journalistic jmportance. Thoe Stote, amall as it is fn an American's estfmation, fs cut up nto four or lve sectlous, o which Milan, Veulco, Florencs, Roue, and Na- ples may be'calted the Capitals, The article fn question I8 written by Prof, A Do Gubernatis, the nccomplished editor of the Rivista Europa, and a xnn]lemm of high cul- ture, From bis statcuients wo learn that the nowspaper which prints the largest numvoer of copiea is JI Fansulla, u specles of Itallan Xiyaro, published n Rome, tho cireulation of which I3 about 20,000 copics, 1t s of a popular charse- ter, and lu dependent moro for fts salvs ou the odventitious ald of the newsboys than on that of regular subscrlbera,© Next to this in polnt of uumbers s the Gaz- zetta del I’tx)old. at Turln, with o slightly more Jtwited clreulation. This l-mpcr 15 also In tho popular style, sud @ determined enemy of the Catholle “clergy. The two Governmental !uurunll. both of course printed in Rome, ure he Oplrlons, the speclal spukesmonof the pnrt{ in power, und tho flulic, publlshed 1u the Frenc Ianguage. This latter, as the particular Inter- preter of the Mintstry of Forelgn Affairs, is bur- dened with the duty of maintalnfng pleasant politieal relatlons fetween Italv aud Fra 'licae two papers, by thelr privileged posit hae acquired a highi degree of authority, whic cavres them to be fii great request fu tl other Ttalian provinees.” The first liss n wide circulation among Governmental cmn- ployes and the :second amony the diplomatists and stmangers residing -in Italy. Both receivo s gubsidy from tho Govern- ment. Tho Ziritlo Is w third paper published In Rome, which, although having a circulation of ouly 4,000 coples, enjoys A ?uul-omclll position, and exercises considerablo Influence. In Florence there nre four rmllllcul Journals, the principnl one of which {s the GGazella d' ltulla, with a cireulation of about 5,000 copics. Tlhera are also two Catliolic reviows,—one represeit- ml;t tho ultra and the other the liberal party. Florence har, In additlon, two excellent Nterary reviews, — the Awora Antologia, corresponding to _our Atlantic Monthly, and tho Jileita Europea, whoss “objoct is to catubllsh-a clase relallon between tho nuthors of Italy and those of furcign lands, as well as to make Italians hetter ucqualnted with the periodical writers of other countrics. In this respect It may be compared with Litlell's Living dge. In fuct, Florence, although not the Capitul nor even the.lsrgest ehy of Italy, {8, ns o publishing centre, far moro |m(rormnt than Rome, while it In turn fa surpaased by Milan, Thelatter city hasseveral newspapers, tho most Important being tha Perseveranza, which has a cireulation of 8,000 copies, After this arc an fllustrated paper of_high grade,—the Jilustera- zione Universale,~nnd three or fuur perlodicals. (ienoa hns four newapapers, all of which are good, Venice has only one which_shows any tnlent,—the Gazetfe df Venezia, Naples, aml Palermo in Skelly, have each three trustworth: Journnle, Besides the papers above mentfoned, large number of other Italian cities, espeelally i the Vailey of the Po, lave their municipal organs, cach of which sdvoeates the measures 1ikely to prove most beneflelal to its own read- ers, [rrespeetive of the good of the country at large. 'Tuken as a whole, Journallsm in Italy cannot bo sald to be very flourishing. Tha editors are narrow-minded, jealous,~not so much of one nuother s of the Interests of thelr own respective districts,—and content to pan- der to the lowest tastes. .On the other hund, the people are densly lgnorant, and conse- quently indifferent to the spread of intelligence, Yet the advance in culture slnce 1860 lins been immense, and to the newarnpcn more than to any other agent belongs the duty of raising the present gencration toward a condition where It may be worthy of sclf-zovernment dnd univer- sal'suflrage. JUGGERNAUT. One by one tho bellefs of our childhood are taken from us by the searching, sifting, skepti- cal splrit of the age, which is resolved to leave the mind fn possession of no creed, or notion, or oplvion which will not bear the severest tests of its soundness. 'The process of education which we In our mature years are called upou to fol- low, cons{sts mainiy in unlcarning the things which were onco tawght to us with the sanctlion of nuthority; In resiguing ns worthless the facts that have been longest stored fu our memory; 1n casting away s cffete or erroncous the truths that in the beginning we were bid to cherish as most sacred nud precious. The plctures fn our geograpbies, the statements in our histories, the dogmus {n our catechisms, which are among the denrest becauso the carlicst {mpressions the school of life bas stamped upon our thought and fecling, we are now asked to regard with dfscredit, to cfface, to disavow, and to forget. It 18 the hardest part of our taskwork., The uprooting of old belicTs, the renunciation of fond conceptlons, thu dethroning of our Jdols, costs us more poinful lieart-throbs than do any bther trials within human experience. With all the rest comes the downfall of our old-ttme notlons of the idol of Juggernaut. Who does not romember the woodcut in his Sunday-school book and missionary-magazine of thie hideous monster mounted ona car, and drawn by rows of human Lelngs pulllug st the ropes, while other rows of infatuated heathen threw themselves prostrate in the line of the murderous wheels, o voluntary {mmolation to & brutal, bloodthirsty divinlty? Erase the imprint from tue memory; eradlcate the idea froin the con- selousnces,” It was purely a delusion and a snare. The Intest critfcs aver that Juggernaut was never brital or bloodthirsty; nor did his worshipers throw themselves fn his path, that he might ride in diabollcal triumph over o high- way paved withi the crashing bones, aud quiver- fngz - flesh, and “recking blood of anisled and massaered humaonity. Krishna, the god whose gemblance §8 presented In the idol of Jugger- nant, wus of a mild and benevolent dmmfier, to whoin the destruction of Iife was abhorrent. A debate over the prevalent ml.snrurclwus(nn of the truenature of the Hindoo Idol, and of the worship accorded him, Is golng on in the col- umnue of the London deademy ; for there arc some individuala on our plunct so wedded to popular opinlon that they will not relinquish thelr bonds without a contest, Moncure Con- W f', o natural fconoclast, has published a pam- phlet upon “Iluman Suerillecs fn England,” n which he casually alludes to the mistaken ideas of Jugzernaut which wrougly-informed missfon- aries have propagated v the Christian world, He says, “Thero are no inteutlonal sacrificesun- der the car of Jugernath, nor_could there ever have been at any period. For Jugernuth, or rather Jegernath, means simply the ‘Lord of Lite. . . . Nothing Is morc rigldly forbli- den than_to elay anytning that bas life jn the uol}{lllmrhuud ol the Lord of Lie FProf. Baln fa. umnn%nm contenaera on the op- posite slde, but Mr. Conway matntains his posi- fon with stalwart arzunients. Ilo nsierts that most of the missiunary evidence s liearsay § aud that the testimony of the chief eye-witness, the Rev. Claudius Buchanan,who linsd one more than any one ¢lso to dissemiuate the tiction, is untrustivorthy. This gentleman relates, In_ his aveount of a case of gelf-sacritice, that he was fn the procession bebind the ear, In the midat of o throng which was llke *the countless multi- tude of the Revelations, and the pllgrim who funnalated himself was In front of the wheels, In this instance haw could Mr. Buchanan mon- age Lo view the seene 8o s to report the facts truthfolly{ Is the pertinent nguiry of Mr. Con- way, ‘The probabiiities are, that the poor wreteh crushed under the wheels of the car of Jugeernaut was the vietim of un sceident such a8 could caslly oceur,—~in _fact, could hardly be nvnm:ul in thic press and rush of an exclted crowd. To strengthen his views, Mr, Conway quotes from the workof Dr. N, W, Hunteron “ Orlusn," —the district {u India in which the seat of the Juggernaut worship i3 loented s 1n u clowely-packed cager throng of 100,000 men and women, many of them unaccastomed to expo- Aurg or hard labor, and all of them tigying snd stralning to tho utmost under the blazing tropical stin, deuaths mnst occasfonally acour, ’l‘fiurn ve doubtlews been Instances of pllgrime (hrowing themselvenunder the wheels In a frenzy of religious excitemant, But such instances have always been rare, und are now unkunown, At ane time weversl lmlmrpy pooble were killed or injured overy yoar: but they wers shnost fnvariably cuses of accldental ll’lln}'“"fl- I'ho fow sulcldes that did oceur were for the nivst part cases of dleeaxed and miscrable abfects, who taak this means to put themselves out of pain, ‘P oflicial returne now placo this beyond doubit, ~Iudeed, nothing could be mora op- outd to 1o’ epirit of 'Vishuu<worahip than welf- unnolation. Accilental death withiu the templo renders the whole place unclean, Tho ritual sid- donly stops, and \bo poluted olferings aro hurried away from tho wight of tho offended god. According 1o Chaltanys, ~ the spostls ’ of Jaganoth, tho destruction of thu least of Clod'a . creutures was & sin winst the Creator, Self- immolation he would have redarded with horror, Thy_coplous relfzlous Titeratiro of his sect fro- quentiy described the CarFeatlval, but makes no mentlon of self-sacrifice, nos docs It contain any nassage that could be twisted Into o sanctlon for t, Abul Fazl, tho keen Muswilman obverver, ia equally silent, althouxn from the contuxt it iwal: ot cerialn that, had ho heard of the practice, ho would have mentloned 6. Bo far from cucourng- ing aelt-immolation, the gentle doctrines of Jagan- ath tonded to chieck the unce unlverdal custom of widow-burlny. Even bofora the Guvernwent put o stop to It, our oficlaly obacryed fts comparative infrequency at Purl. To this evidenco Mr, Conway adds on_ extract from the report of the Commissloner of Orfasu, which was rendered not Jong aiter the province passed under English rule, about seventy years ago: During four years that [ have witnersed the cere- ‘mony, three rases only of thia revolting apccles of self-immolation bava occurred: one of which, lmn{enburvo, is doubtiul, and should probably bo ascribed to accidont, In tho otlier (w0 instanices tho victima bud long boon_ suffering from excri- clating complaint, und chosv this method of rid- ding themcives of the burden of life in prefer- euce ta other modes of snlclde, Dr. Hunter gives fu his work tho results of o thorough fuvestigation of the M8, archives of Orlssa wiuce It bas been under the dominion of the English, snd conflrms the Commissloner’s statemont, adding, * Wo con;:vlnhx that the Tindus do not apprezlate our Enclish institu- tlons or_uccept var bellyfs. 1o we_rightly vu- derstand thelral? The Rov, J, G, Clarke glves, fubls “Ten Great Roligons, tho weight of his learning aguinet tho gencral delusion. 1lo states of tho sunuul processlon of tho car of Juggernaut, which takes place in the month of July, that the idol s *‘drawn by hundreds of men,—It belng their falth that ‘vack one who dulls the rope will certaluly go to tha heaven of Krishna when ho dles.” “Multitudes there- foro crowd around tho mln: to pull, aud Ju the exclemeut they sometimes fal] under. the wheels and nre crushed. But thils s accldental, for Krishna does not dealre the suffering of his In fuce of such an acenmulation of tostimony, our hold upon another of our familiar ideas The miud grown (lzzy In hossibility that it yet inay be forced to the convictlon Hint ell the fiotlons and theorles to which it most trustingly and peraist- cntly cling are resolved Into mere ‘shadows oand must he abandoned. contemplating the GODBELINS TAPEBTRIES, The Goliclins factory in Paris is at work upon several {arge tapestries which are intended for the French Exporition of 1878, They are enum- erated in the CAronigue ns follows: .1. An orna- mental aubject for the decoratlon of the Palace at Fontainebleau; it Is the size of elghty-six square inctres, and fs marked by great richness and varlety of color. 2, Twolarge compositions by Lebrun, representing Earth and Water, 3. * The Conqueror,' deeigned by M. Ehrmann. 4. A deslon after M. Mochard's pleture, * Sc- Teue.” 5 Two intcresting panels, epectively % Tornatura ™ and * Pletu balleal of the ceramlic art, and Inten:ded for the new manufactory at_Bevres. desigued by M. T, are already comnpleted. SPARKS OF SCIENCE. TIE PILOT-FISIL. In nlmost all tropical rnd temperate seas there Is often scen, following in the wake of vesscls, a small, handsomely-colored, gracefully- shaped fish, which is popularly named the Pilot, 1t belongs to the genus Nuu- ing to Gill, A7 ductor 13 the only specles distingulshable with certalnty, It rarcly ottalns more than a foot In length, and in the carly stazes of growth {s marked with seven cross-hands of bluck, delicate, {n flavor resembling the mackerel, Is sold that the flsh has been often known to follow a vessel from Alexandrin, in Egypt, to ports In Great Britain, 1t derives its common name from the fact of 1ts frequent assoclation with the shark, which it has heen supposed to culde fn scarch of prey. 1t probably seeks the cotnpany of the larger and more voracious flsh fn order to feed on the waste moreels dropped by the shark fin its bounteous meals, while its object fn hovering near vesscls {s to obtain the catable refuse that is thrownoverboard. Dr. Benaett remarks of Its habit$: “I have observed that, If several sharks swim together, the pllot-ishes are generally ab- pent§ whereny, on o solitary shark being scen, it i3 cqually rare to find it unaccompanied by one or more of these reputed puides. . . The only method by which I could procure this fish was, that, when capturing a shark, I wus aware these faithful lttle fishes would not for- sake himn until he wos taken on board: there- ing the shark, when hooked, in the ¢ was exhauated, or, as the sailors ‘drowned,’ the pllot-fleh kept close to ace of thie water uver the shark, and, by the ald of n dipping-net fixed to the end of a long stick, I was coabled to secure it with great These last were Chevaller Chevignard, and cralfes, and, accol Its flesh s very i im Tast number of the American Naturalist, the following fucident is related: ¥ Elevenyears ngo, while on a vuyage from India to this coun- try, we were beset by many calms while cross- ingz the ‘line,! On one of these oceasions, while some of the passencers were smusing them- selves Jooking over the stern of the vesscl, two heautitm pllot-Nshies (Naucraler?) were seen, and soon_after n portion of an unusually large Tmmediately o hook baited with ork was thrown ovirboard, to approach it, aud tl When it touched hien suddenly dart under the vessel, Soon a very large shark appeared and recefved the balt, "As eoon cured, the eaflors drew bim on de: sultuble opportunity was given for examining these two pllot-fishes wero sven attached what particular portion they ottached themselves I am unable to say. They were removed and placed In a bucket of salt wa- ter, where they swam about as {f nothing bad DBRITISII ARCTIC EXTEDITION. The following 18 a brief suminary of the prncipal results obtalned by the naturallsts accompanyling tho late British Arctic expedl- tion: A tolerubly exhaustive scries of apecl- mens and observations illustrative of the geology, petroloiry, and palmwentology of the whole of the Auerlean coast of Bmith'a Sound north of 78 deg. Lat., and of the shores of the Polar Basin from Cape Unlon to Cape Joseph Henry, The characteristic rocks along Smith's Sound are Sllurlan limestones, sbounaing in fossile. Miocene beds, inclosing o thick scam of conl, “extend a8 north ns 81 and the shales mestones contain sbundunt remalns of | the flora of thelr cpoch, proving the existence, at a comparatively recent geological perind, of a temperate climate within 500 wlles of the Pole. The promontory of Juseph Henry is- composed of carboniferous limestonus. Postpllovene beds rreat thickness were found, helizht of 1,000 feet above the sea-level, showing that & great aud ruple change in the elevation ‘of the lunl must have taken “The flora of the regions visited proved richer than was anticipated, sna between twenty and thirty svevfes of lowering plants were obtained between 82 and ¥ tions a little farther south were vuried and inter- fauna of the far north was fnvestigated carefully, snd thedredge und trawl used at every oppartunits. A kuge colleetion of marine invertebrates wns made: while seerfes of eound- Ings from Bafn's Bay to 82 deg. 20 min, N Lat, has bicen preserved. Inscet-life wascompar- atively ahundaut, cod many speces were ob- Few flahes were captured, but n siall salmonold was found fn the fresh-water lakes ag far north us 82 deg. 40 win. N cles of birds wero found {n the extreme north, The breeding habits_of the Kuot were discove ed, oud the cges and young cf the sanderling r Amaone manmals, the Arctle fox, ermine, musk-ox, Polar-hare, und lemming were observed s fur north s the shores of the Polar Basin, The littly bispid seal was seen noerth of Cape Unfon, but no cetuceans were met with beyond Cape Babine, ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS, The committee sppolnted by the Russian Gov- ermment, at the 8t. Petersburg Medieal Acad- ey, to test the value of varlous antlseptics und disinfectants, linve arrived at the following con- 1. Carbolic acid 18 the most efliclent preventive of the development of muunoniacal gas, putrescence, and of the lower organtsma In organfe matter under decomposition; and s, lienee, the best disinfectant. 2, Vitriol, sults of zine, and charvoal, uro the best deodurizera for use iu case of matter undergolng putrefaction, 8, The powders of Vrof, Kittary deservo attel because of the isolated state of phenal in them, and of their constitutent uf quickiime, molsture always pre n putrefaztion, ‘They also ubsort suine parg of the gmses and ehare other properties comimon to 4. Clilorlde of Muio and ennanganate of potash guiekly destroy tho ower orzanlsms disinfectants restore the putrid processes In or- bodies, but thelr Influonce Is anly tem- orary. As o fucans of purifyine alr in dwells hgze, their eeet In very sinall, ‘It not absolutely uil, because of the very sriall degree of cons centrution of thelr Ingrédicnta that vun bo used without fnjuring thu health of {nhabitauts. 6. For uninhabited bulllings tho beat disin- fectants are nitrous acld and chlorine. which absorbs the carbolle disinfectants, AWARD OF MEDALS, The Council of the Loudon Royal Bociety has awarded the following medals for thu present year, which wers presunted at the anniveraary meoting of the Soclety, on the 30th ult.: “‘The Copley medal to Prof. Claude Bernard, For Mum. R 8, for his numerous contributions to the sclence of Physiology; & Royal nedal to Mr, Willlan Froude, F. R, 8., for his rescarches, experiinental, on the be- havior of ships, thelr osclllations, thelr resist- both theoretical au suceossful direction Investiations carvied on 1. M. 8. Challenger; the Rumferd medal-to Mr, Plerre Jules Ceaar Jansscu, For. M for s numerous - aud importaut rescarches in tho radiation snd absorption of light, currled on chietly by meaus of the spectrogeope.' e A GORILLA, Pungu, the young gorilla lately reccived at the Berlin Aquarium, is the pet of tho Prussian Capital, and disells in o lurgo gluss puluce ed for his express occupation. His interestivg. manvers have been the subject of & paper read before the German Assoclation of Nuturallsts and Physicluns, from which Naturs takcs tho following particulars: *He nods and claps his handa to visitors; wakes up Mko s mau, and stretches hisell. His keeper must alweys bo besfds him, and est with him. s keeper cata; they sharo dinner and |uppm;i goes to sleep, his slecp lnst- ng . elght hours. Hia eany life has ncreased his weight In a few months from thirty-one to thirty-seven pounds. For soma months lie had fnflammation of the lunge, when N cld friend, Dr. Falleenstein, was fetehed, who treated him with quinine and Ems water, which made him better. When Dr. Hermes left the gorilla, on the previous Sunday, the latter showed the Doctor his “tonguc, Ellflncfl his hands. and squeczed the hand "of the Doctor as an fndication, the latter belicved, of his recov- cry,” 8uch {ntelligent and courteous behavior on tha part of a brute who has had but a few montha' assoclatlon with mankind leads one to helleve (bt he may yet display reasoning pow- ers but little tnferlor to thuse of his dumb human brotuers. o ORGANISMS IN POCK-LYMPII, M. Hiller hias recently published the results of an inquiry Into the presence and action of or- ganisms In pock-lymph, In examinlng 6,840 reparete inoculations, he has found that the ac- tivity of the lymph {s not In proportion to the number of micrococel present. The develop- ment of the organisms was ofien ot ita great- est when the Iymph was declining fn action; and, again, there would be no barterin present when the Iymph was active in nhigh degree. Experiments tended to show that the poison is " associated with the solid rather than llquid constituents, Btrung dilutions weakened the action of the lymph, while condensatlons cxalted It, and ev%{:rmtlnn Increased its effect about onc-half. e active clement was pres- ent In greatest force in the coagulated paria. l'crlecll{-dfled Iymrh s also acttve In & high degree, Indlcating that pox may be communi- cated by mneans of the crust and scurf of pus. tules, which are rubbed off and float in the alr. It was alse inferred from experiments that the wow-pox ferment is not contained in the blood, ot least o an active state, and that probabl; the blood §s not the seat of fermentation an reproduction of the polson. GERMS OF DISEASE. An experlment proving the existeice of glob- ules of pus and microscople germs of the lower organisms n the air and on the walls of sick- rooms and hospitals, has been fried by M. Nepreu, of the laboratory of La Pitle, and fe- ported to the French Boclete de 1a Blologie. A square metre of the waoll in a surgery-ward, which had mnot been cleaneed for two years, wus woshed wilh a new sponge, which bad previously been scoured In freshly- distilled water. After washiug the preseribed surface of the wall, the liquid “squeezed from the sponge was subjected to an finmediate ex- amination, oud was found to contain great num- bers of infcrococens (Blty to sixty In the field of the microscope), Bome nilcro-bacieris, a few epl- thelial cells, o few globules of rus, same red globules, aud a smail sumber of hodies of an unknown character. This cxreflmunl shows how the germs of disease may linger in the ot~ mosphere of a hospital orof a private house, and perpetuate contagion. BRIEF NOTES, Prof. Von Kobell, of Munich, has Just _celc- brated the fiftleth auniversary of his appolnt- meut to the Erofessorship of Mineralogy. Drs. Finsch and Brebm, who have been trayel- ing tn Western Siberla, under the suspices of the German Boclety for Arctic Exploration, have gathered large collections In ethnology, fothy- vlowy, ornithology, cte., and have made a valua- ble contributlon to the geography of the coun- try explored. One of the most complet speclmens of the Plesjosaurus yet recovered been procured frons the las of Whitby, England. Tho neck is #ix and one-half feet long, and the entire animal seventeen feet, Therols not o break {n the whole lenzth of the vertebra. The remains were found in about twenty pleces, but have been so skillfully united that the skeleton be- }.uyn 1o evidence of ever baving suffered an {n- ury. A ceremony Inay, ting the Faculty of Med- {cine recently attachiea to the Unlversity of Ge- neva, took place Oct. 2. The foundation of the University of Geneva dates back to the alxteenth century , but ita clevatlonsfrom thy rank of an Academy accurred only five vears oo, with the appointntent of a Facility of Med- {elne, who have this aututnn assumed thelr chalrs on the completion of buildings sceommo- dntlng thelr departmunt, - Already fifty stu- dents have joined the medical classes, Prof. James Ortou, of Vassar College, {s pro- paripg for au exploration of the River Benl, an nlmost unknown tributaryof the Madeira River, ‘The spocial objects of his'survey are: 1. A rolu- tion of lnkcresth:fi and important gv:o{rnphlcnl problems. . A diecovery of traces of the old military ronds which werc probably built by the Inca Gupanqul when be invaded “that region. 3. The opening of an avenue for the trade of the ls!::;l‘vm slupe of the Andes with the United es. A report on the exploration of the Caucasus during the last suminer, which was presented 10 the 8t. Petersburg Entomologists’ Soclety, con- taing, among other Interesting statements, the fact that the animal {nhabitants of the Steppe Erivan—which s covered with sand, inter- spersed with voriously-colored patches of clay, nprcnring in Jow hills—harmonize fu their colors with the colors of the soil. The fusccts and reptlles, especlally the lizards, conformed In tint to the hues of the steppe. The same thing was observed n the Steppe of Elizabethivol. Dr. A. Wojelkofl, of 8t. Petersburg, s mak- ing, ot his own expense, a scrics of metcoro- logleal cbservations which fncluds in thelrscope the greater part of the civilized world. They were bezun wore than seven years ago, when the Doctor exteuded his obgervations vver most of Europe, lle has since visited the United Btates fn the prosecutlon of his atin, gulug nefar a3 Manltuba, and thenee through Sonth Atacrica and on to the East Indls Islands, He Is now on his way from Batavia to Jupan. In the ac- complishinent of his object, he makes prolonged sojourns in different rerlons, and executes 8 large amouut of meteorological work, e ————— INTIMIDA’II"’(ON AS AN ELEMENT IN POLITICS. the Editer ar The Tridune. Ciscaco, Dec. 1.—Any result of the pending Presidentlal clection which sball bo reached without harm to the processes under which our clections are held and our institutions maiu- tained will not only be acquicsced in by the peo- ple, but welconted by the larger portion of both political parties. Avy result which shall bo reached by undermining those processes will be fraught with perll to the country aud will bring condign punishment upon the party gullty of so grave a erime, Among the processes by which our Institu- tions are maintalned, the most Important {s that of frequent popular elections, and the most {ra- portant of theso s the Presidentinl election. We are now brought for thefirst time to o state of facts which threatens to substitute, in place ot popular clectlous, the views of 8 Returning Board, This I call o threatened subversion of the processes by which our institutions are maintained, {n comparison with which the elecs tion of luyes or of Tilden is of no consequence. Whether Hayes or Tilden be clected, the peoplo can, within four years, resume thelr prerogative of chooslug another President, proylded the process of declaring their cholce has not been tampered with, - They' can correct any errors that may have been cominitted meanwhile by Uayes or Tilden, provided the systemn of popu- lar election remalns. But it tho proccss has been tampered with, and the system ltself un- dermined, then auything moy happen. The American Republls may becomo as unstable, and property. hero as fusecurs, and soclal disor- der as unbearnble, as in Mexlco ar Vonezuela. Wo are told that the interference of a Re- turnivg Board in Loulsiana is necessury on ac- count of the intlinidation of voters. Itls pre- claely this interfercuce which I challengo as a subversion of the processes by which our instl- tutfons are malntained. 1t is proposed to throw out the vote of A B because C D {s supposed to have luthnidated EF1 It §8 only necessary to make this the rule hereafter,and to securs its goneral adoption, in onder to dlspense with elections entirely and to substituto in thelr place the views of thirty-seven Return- ing Boards, Inthnidation will e the ouly elemont of any vulue in polltics. Instead of discussing the eivil service, the curroncy, the last war, or the hext ono, the oflice-sccking class will confine themselves wholly to intimidae tiop, Intimidation will multiply llke tho gruss- hoppers, and In 8 short timo ravaga the Whole lay What is Intimnidation? Itis a word of very broad scupe, It embraves everythivg (rom the fear of death to the loss of soclal position. It opens the door to overy speclcs of degradation that can by concelved of in poll- tles, from individual cowardice to cotablued pers jury, And over ull it places un urbitrary aud responsible tribunal to welgh the cowardics und to guuge the porjury, from whoso judgments thera {8 uo appeal, not eyen to the peaple them: selves. After A D and other honest citizens lave cast thelr votes and goue ubout their bust- uess, C D and E Fcoufederato together, the one'to inthuidate aumd the other to be iwlimi- dated, with & view to vitlativg the eloction; that y - fr, to disfranchlse all tho honest voters in the precioct. Why not! That fs the logic of the m’: system ol carrying eloctions by Intimids.’ 1 nssert that thera ia no way to throw the acore of nthinidation, the wotes of Tonel voters duly polled, that dacs not adimit and. {o~ vite this specles of rascality. Is thero any mode of clectioneering 8o Inexpensive and certain as thisl 1Is there any mode so likely to become popular with the claas who Ilve hy politics! Is there any mode which 8o clearly and completely subverte tho processes of popular elections, oF which 8o dircetly attacks the foundations of omr Government? But, say some, it cannot poe~ shly spread,” It s too’ abeurd and contemptible to find lodgment among the superior Imln%s of the North. Nod to Incumber this article with didactlc reasoniog o tothe danger of admitting so ovil & prece- dent Into our system, L observo that tho case now before ua has spread, to_all intents apd purpoges, over the entirs land, since upon ita determination resta the whole Presfdential eleos tion, from the Atlautic to the Pacifle, from the Iakes to the Gulf. Tho rights of voters In liinols are as much bound up In it as though the cise were awalting decision beforea Return iog Board sitting in Chlcago instesd of ome sltting lnll‘lczor‘ll:fil.l i n, I ask, w] 8 intimidation, and who is to judge of itsweight In a mnm&d election? It [s not difficult to determine whether 8 fraud has been committed, whether a person hss voted who was not entitted to vote, g‘h:ll{‘:r a poll I::L be‘gn ';_lhleru] "“:fi the votes e been coun ef iese are juestions y csawork, of uncertainty. In its best. esule,“v.‘llm interlerence of a !{clnml In such cases takes from the Sntim! class the very faculty they stand most {n necd of,—that of “sclf-reliance and independence in thelr politieal action. It says to them: “Don’t 0 Lo |f: thn‘i)olll If you think you will be ¢ bulle lozed, or 'ou apprehend” loss of employ~ ment or of casie. Be cowards an: oramuses to theend of the chapter; we will mako all right by throwing out the vates of the courageous and intelligent.” This, I say, {s the doctrine, in ita best estate, when exer with good In- tentions and proper motives, It {sa premium on timidity and laziness,—a stigma on diligencs and self-respect. Whien exercised with other in- s’:l'!:lx:!ne :{n wu: du{ere?t n&uuvu. it Is the avenue for fray rjury, revolu- uonl dnd soclal decay. It is ’?f u!ur{;uh our whole system of government, and our system cannot survive {f it onco galns lodgment therc. Now let us take the worst csso of * bulldoz- fog?! that anybody can bring forward—that of West Feliclana, It {s claimed that the negroes were an actual majority In the parish. Itis ndmitted that the Re[;ubllwu had the Btata Government and the local government; that Republican Bupervisors of Election were every- where, and that plenty of United States troops were there,—or If they were not there it was tEu fault of those who now claim that their voters were intimidated. Nevertheless, It s alleged that the negroes were afraid to vote. And%m- cause, with all these aids and incentives to po- litical intrepidity, they were still afraid to vote, therefore the votes of those who did vote arc tobe thrown out! ~Iventure to predict that the political party that takes its stand on this platform wil bo *“bulldozed” worse at the next clection than any parish In Louisiana or clsewhere. < 1 do not bellevo that Gov. Hayes will nccept the Presldency on any such platform. If ho would, 1 should regret that I cast my votc for lim, If he wauld, I do not ses how ho could curry on the Government afterwards. The Re- publican party, in the tattered condition to which the present Adminfstration has broaght it, Is not able to give Its antagonist any advan- tages of poaltion in the mnext eiicounter A greater disadvantage to ftself thap this—the scating of a President by means and .Y'pmnm which undermine tho very esses by which our lnstitutions arc maintalned ~—it would be fmpossible to conccive of. De- rivedof moral support in the couscicnces of the ntelligent, thipking, order-loving, property- holdivg classes, the party would melt away, and tho Administration leanine on it for support would be as helpless as a birch-bark canoe in a cyclone. No person capablo of commanding the confldence of the country could accept a posi- tion jn a Cabinct bottomed not upon tho returpe of an electlo but upon the views of a Returning ard 88 _opposed to the returns themselves. With u guccessful and united E’ufl at his back, Gov. " Hayes might make shift minister the Gov- erminent with o Cabinet of nonentities, but in the present stats of things he could not, and he 18 not likely to ind any otber material to advise and aselat him in tho emergency contewplated. 1 am much mistaken in my cotiception of Guv, Hayes. If ho is theman to walk fnto the White Huuse over any slippery and doubtful road. 1t fs painful to hear this question discussed, as though it were & contested clection between two candidates for Alderman in the Ninth Ward.' It fs é)nlnful to ruad that becaus¢ a Ver- mont Elector was a village Postmaster,therefcro the people of Vermont ars to be partially dls- franchised; that because a North Caroling Elector was o Commissioner to the Centennlul Exposition, therefore North Carolina s to losc a purt of hier vofce In the national clevtion; that slnce the Twenty-scrond Juint Rule has not becw re-enacted by the present Congress, therefory the mfl[fl(ng oflicer of the Benats may declare anybody clected whom Lo choosc: [ cours¢ the forms of Iaw must be respected, but these are all plddling objections thut will be swept out of the way like autumn-leaves by the breatls of the people whien they have the opportunity to pasa thelr opinlon upon thew. You might a8 well attempt to oppuse the law of gravitation by witcheraft as to seéttle this disputed Pres! dency Il:d' mere legal conundrums, Are thero no dangers confrouting usi We have scen iwo Governors and two Leglslatures at work in Loulslana at the same time, two Legislatures la Alubaing, two in_Arkansas, and two _now In South Carolina. The spectacle of two Presidents and two Congresses would not be an edifying oue, but it would not be along step {n advauce of what we have already wit- nessed. Stress {s lald on the fact that Gen. Grant wil see Iayes duly inaugurnted. The only form of ~ joauguration known to the law is for the mewlys olected President. to take an oaih to -uggm the Constitutionof the United Stat. and this he can do before any person authoriz by law to admiuister oaths; and, when ho hus taken it, Gen. Grant cannot {nsugurate him or disinsugurato him any farther, Iamnot one of those who think that the present financlal cramp s _due to political causes, but I can sco that tho disorder, confuafon, aud uncertainty growing out of a double-barraled Government would produce far greater depression In busl- ness thun un{t.hlug we have cxperienced alnco the panic of 1874, 5 It the Republican party is ready to sdopt ine timidation as an element lnnpalluu, and to sub- stituto the judgment of Keturning Boardain place of thevotes legully polled, it is o worse party than I supposed wheo I }olued the Liberal novement {n 1872 Ido not think eo badlyof it ns this. I think that all the preacot fuss {s due to the anxicty of office-holders for their places, for which tho great mass of the party have no sympathy, but, oa the vontrary, a well-grounded contempt. Accepting ita deteat in o mauly way, if 1t {s defeated by a truccount of the votes legally polled, the Republican party hasa fair prospect of returning to power four years bence. At all events, it will'be lu a position to take ad- vantage of the errors and shortcomings of ita adversary. But, crawling fnta the Prestdency over the'ruln and subversion of the processes of popular elect(ous, {t will be annihilated. It has alrcady recclved such harmn aa its wisest leaders can with difiiculty repalr, Horacn Wiizme —— FALSE* ‘Why, thls red rose, that blushes so and glows Iluke on the lape] of my coat, above my Leart, In like s coal, and burns m{ v-r‘ eyoballal 1daro not touch §t lest I foel tho aruart. *Tis not an hour since she brought this red Rower, In the dim recess whore the fountain played, Aud pinned 1t ‘here, and sald, **You know Ita meaning, And took the kiss & lover glves a mald, Iter aweet, sweet lipaclung, as a bee e, Deep and long intt some honeyed bi! Ay, even 4o, her red, red lips kept clli g, And lengthened out the mpture of tho kiss. 1 could have aworn a truer mald ns'er born! My God! I wonder if I saw aright! One balf-hour had not passed before T found her Locked In bls arois, hthe cold movalight, « Thate this strong right band, to think 1t lot them nd— 3y truated felond, and she, my prowmiscd bride— Both talso as belll 1 have no munhuod lu me, Or slie or I that momunt thore had dled. The kiused or lps and cheek; I dld oot silr or, spesk s ; And they walked on, and soou passed from my algl T'm dead within me—numb. 1 cannot fslthom ‘The devilish dopths I've atambled on to-night. How strange thosa viols sound! I'm promlesd for thiy round; . ' kyep my promiyo for ono last mud whis (Tis well f brought (Ais witn mel) Ahl sho's walt. To j?:tx:llhn dance—my pricoless, moon-whity peatl O und! Hor face hath sach & winsome grace T gind '1“": g Qe mowethers] 3 re e Her dyiug shriek rings high above the music. Andwith o manixc's laughter swells the air., . Etra WexiLER. “Ata ballin Paria, abeautiful girl was stauled to the ?'fl ykuw¥a I the midst Of tho daace. Canasy T Ui,