Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, May 21, 1876, Page 4

N THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY. MAY “21, 1876—SIXTEEN PAGES. Tye Triowne, TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE- EATES OF BCBSCEIPTION (PAYABLE I¥ ADVASCE). this Office. Qb of twenty, pe 113 “Ihe postage i 15 cents & year, which we will prepay. Epecimen coples sent free. “To peevent delay and mistakes, Do sure and give Post- mcs address in ful, including State and County. Remittances may be made efther by draft, express, ‘Post-Office order, or {n registered letters, at our risi. 7PRMS TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Dutly, delivered, Sunday excepted, 25 cents per week. Datly, cellvered, Sunduy included, 30 cents per weck® UXE GOMPAN New Chleago Theatre. Clark street, betwee Randoiph snd Laks. Beoefit o'W, i Emith, Adelphl Theatro. Monroe street, corner Dearborn. Benefis of Mre. ‘William Maaning. McCormick Halk North Clark strect, corner of Kinzle. Besdingssnd Masic ek Hooley’s Theatre. Randolph street, betweca Clark snd LaSalls. Msd. Pappenhelin 1n opera. e ————— SOCIETY MEETINGS. TTONAL LODGE. NO. 596, A.¥. & A_ M.—Stated T oI bs’ D o thl Thail coraes Jial- Rod and Randolph-sta, Tucsdoy evoning, May 3%, at ¥ o'clock. Work on 3. 3. Degree. Vi itag brettiren Zordially invited. Byorder A.C. WOOD, W. M. A G. LUNDBURG, Suc. ¥, & A. M.—Regular BLAI® LODGE. XKO. S53, A. murication Mondsy evi May 22, as 8 o'clodd et SRR v invited. . &N CDONNELL, Bec. THOMAS J. TURNER LODGE, 5O. 408, A P. & A M.—-The oficers members’ arc hereby notified o moes & C. & N. W.KB.DCMS\de&.M‘gz‘k 3 g.‘r?., o bury the remains ogrg:me‘r‘_ Mm WALLACE B DOUGLAS, Seo. WWINSING LODGE 31, A F. & A. llggiul are herchy noiified to meet at Corintalan 1isll om Sunday, the 3163 fnst., at1p. m., sharp, 10 at- M. the gxunuflu! our late ll"on cll{"‘l’&-cd.m" Sgl:':)c': crabers of sisier Lodges fraternally oy of J. 3. MOHR, #1 M. GA LODGE N0 4 KNIGHTS OF PYTHL- AS —H convention Tueadsy :vummd Inst.) a1 Grand Lodge Hall, northwest corner Adams and La- Salle-sts., for work on Amplificd 3d. Members are S it e e or g Sordiully received. 3. W. RERMAN K. R &5, ET. GEORGE'S BENBVOLENT SOCIETY.—The fu- persi of our late Brother, Joseph Sobey. takes plsce from 65 Einzie-st to-dsyatl 2 p.m. All members of L. G remectfully requested to 8t 7 G AR SAUNDERS, Acting Preaideat. GOUEGAS CHAPTER OF ROSE CROIX. D. H. R D. M., 18TH DEG. A. A. S. BITE.—Annual conclave O Lo o aomehtor daes. By S Sa% omers, A pay ; e octon o O AR A W, &P '£5 GOODALE, Grand Secretary. ATTENTION. SIR KNIGHTS-SPECIAL CON- cluve of Chicagp Commandery, No. 19, K. T., Monday cvening. AMay 22, for work'on, the K. T. order. Vsitng sir Kuights colrieots] invited. By order of e E C J. TROWBRIDGE, Récorder. —HALL T2 2, 5 v'elock 1ess fm] ‘ery Ime! f the Chapter. E. .\FTUCKER. Secrctary. BUNDAY, MAY 21, 1876. At the New York Gold Exchange on Satur- Iay greenbacks ruled steady at 883 The final argument to the jury in the casa »f ex-Supervisor Muxx, which has been on wrisl eince the 12th inst., was opened in the United States Court yesterdsy by District- Attorney Banags. Judge DoorrrrLe and Col [xaxssoLy are to follow for the defense, and Mr. Aves will close for the prosecutfon. Fhe case will scarce go to the jury earlier ikan Tuesday afternoon. The Republican County Convention yes- lerdny elected an exceptionally good delega- tion to the State Convention to be held at Springfield on the 24th inst. The eighty Eelegates from this county will go there un- mstructed, but it is cerfain that ebout wven-eighths of them are opposed to the re- somination of BEVERIOGE, while whether ha mn count on any relisble suppdrt from the remainder is donbtful. The New York Herald has returned once (nare to that mule case, and prints a sneak- img anonymous letter from Washington pre. tending to give new points, and reiterating tthe old charges against Secretary Brisrow. 'Fhe Secretary expresses his willingness to go ‘before the Committee of Mules aund refute wery statement in itg but it is to be hoped, for the eeke of ordinary decency, the Com- mittee will drop that mule, leaving it as the rxclusive property of the Kerald, which, to put it mildly, is making an egregious ass of Uiself with referance to that animal. Aboat all that is clear from the dispatches this morning a8 to the progress of the Con- gressional investigation into the salleged cor- raption in Louisiana is that a deal of tall lying has been developed. If the testimony of the witness Feroveon is true, evidently some of the Federal officers at New Orleanc ought to be in prison for misappro- priating Government funds for purposes of political bribery. They have telegraphed denials of Ferouson's testimony. He re- peats his former testimony, which, as 1t is given under oath and subject to cross-oxami- npation, can scarce bo met by mere denials by telegraph. And it looks asthough further vigorous investigation would be required to letch out the whols truth. Gen. Ceoox's campaign against the Sionx opens in anything but a way to Inspire bopes of a glorious ending of the campaign. The first night out from Cheyenne, when still about 200 miles from the savages, sixty- five of his men deserted, fAhng their arms, borses, and accoutrements. This for no other reason than terror of the Sioux. The question which'itsuggests is whether the rest of Cpoor's column will not desert before they get in sight of the Indians, The matter is that better material is wanted for such a campaign as that upon which Croox has set out with his “‘regulars ” than men recruited from the riffraff of the great cities, and who, from the reports that come to us, are not to be relied upon for hard fighting, The Chicago produce markets were gen- erally quiet on Saturdsy, provisions being frmer and gruin easy. Mess pork was 124 @20c per bl higher, closing at $20.55@20.70 for June and 320.85@20.874 for July. Lard was Tic per 100 s higher, closing at $12.92¢ @12.25 for June and $12.40@12.43} for July. Meats were firmer, at 7jo for boxed ghoulders, 10jo for do short ribs, and 11jc for dosbort cleara. Lake freights were dull, st 2f@2ic for wheat to Buffslo. Rail freights werp dull and unchanged High- wines were firmer, af &L08 per gallon, Flour was in light demand and ateady. ‘Whest closed 3¢ higher, at $1.05} cash and $1.05} for June. Corn closed {@3o lower, 8t 47%c for May and 460 for June. Oats closed essier, st Slo for May and 80fc for June. Rye was firmer, ot 68@69. Barley was firm, at 730 for May and 53@60a for M. :I June. Hogs wers in good local and shipping demand, at about Friday’s quotations, ssles making chiefly at $6.90@7.10. Cattle were fairly active and firmer, with sales on & basis of §3.50@5.23 for common to extra. Sheep were unchanged. One hundred dollars in gold would buy $112.50 in greenbacks at the close. Ths American Consul at Salonica, who hes occesioned 50 much excitement in cannec- tion with the recent massacre by ths Mo- hemmedans at that placs, it appesrs, is in reality a Groek Consular Agent, who was ap- pointed Feb. 21, 1870. Fhe Consular Agenoy is directly dopendent on the Consulate-Gen- exal at Constantinople, which post is filled by Mr. EcoeNs ScaUYLER, late Secrotary of Legation to Russiz. The error in regard to the origin of the massacre i3 &s glaring as the error in regard to the official position. So far from having anything to do with the massacys, or the rescue of the abducted Greek girl, 1t now appears that the Consular Agent, P. H. Lazzano, was not in Salonios ot the time. The two officials killed wers the Prench Consul, Mr. Mouwry, and the Germen, Mr. H. Asnory. e Whataver suspicion may have boen cash upon Mr. B, H. Caxpsrvy, the United States Marchal of this district, by the first develop- ments of the fraud practiced upon Miss Swees by Braxzry, her predeoessor in the office of Pension Agent, Osurrern has vin- dicated himself by his recent statomont be- fore the Committee, snd by the prompt restitntion of the money which Miss Sweer bad paid. Cawesrrr @id not receive the money himself, but it was paid directly to the bank and credited on BLAEELY'S note, which Camrsrrs bad indorsed. This shows that there wos no effosé ab concealment on Casceperr’s part, as thers probably would bave bean had he been cognizant of the fact that Miss Sweer was paying this money asa consideration for obtaining the offics, and aunder o threat that she would. be removed if she failed to do so. Mr. Caarpsery is not the only gentleman in Chicago who bas suffered from financial dealings with this man Braxe- 1¥; but the experience of the others has been confined to the lending of money which they never heard of afterwards, whilo Caxp- BELY. was doubly unfortunate in Braxrnr's effort to make somebody else pay his dobt in an unlawful and disreputabls manner. It has been very properly suggested that there shall bo & general overhauling by the present Council of the accounts of all the city officials. This should be dono immedi- ately, and the search should be more thor- ough than some previoas investigations of 8 similar character. It is known that thers has been a looss and carcless administration of city affairs for the past two yearsanda half. Some of the men connected with the late Administzation are under indictment for stealing, and ene is a fugitive from justice after having plundered the people of a hun- dred thousand or more. It is notorfous that a bad class of men have fastened themssives upon some of the dopartments, and that many of the principal officials have asso- ciatated with gambiers and blacklegs. There is sufficient provocation, therefors, for a gen- eral and ssarching examinstion into the ac. counts of all the departments, and an actnal count of all the money claimed as on hand or in bank. If such an examination be made without a single exception, it will be a ro- flection upon no one in particular, and it will be in the interest of all innocent men who have held places under the late City Gov- emment. CONSOLIDATION OF CITY OFFICES. The distingnishing feature of the new Chsrter is the power conferred upon the Common Council to creats, abolish, and re- arrangs the city offices. In the hands of a well-meaning and intelligent Council, such 88 ws believe the preseat ome to be, this power may be mads of the greatest benefit to the people. The late City Governmont left a legacy of offices and officeholders which emounts to an embarrassment. One of the first duties of the present Council should be to exerclso its power of cutting off some af these superfluous Boards' and per- functory officials, and consolidsting the &u- ties in as small a number of offlces as possi- ble. Itis trus that, under the provisions of the Charter, no offite created previously by the Council can be sbolished 50 ns to take effect before the end of the fiscal year, but it s dovbtful whether this applies to thse Boaxd of Publle Works, the Board of |Health, ar the other Boaxds or officials whose existence is by anthority of the old Charter. Ceriainly the late Council abolished the Board of Po- lice, end no such objection was made. Bat even if it be held that the discontiruance of thess Boaxds and positions is not oparative till the close of the fiscal year, their abolish- maent a4 the present time will assure their discontinuance on the 1sb of January, and in the meantime the persons holding the super- flaous places may be removed by the Mayor. Thus, if the-office of the City Marshal be abolished now, tho Mayor's bill authorizes Mayor Hoyws to remove Mr. Goopzrr, the present supernumerary incambent, and does not require him to fill his place. Indeed, it expressly says that * The Mayor may appoint any suitable persan to discharge tho office from which ho shall have ramoved any officer until his, suceessor is appointed and quali- fied.” If, then, Mayor HoxnE should remove Mr. GoopELL on the ground that he is an un- Decessary expenss to the city (and certainly that is a good end sufficient reason for a re- moval), he could designate the Buperintend. ent of Police 83 the proper person to dis- charge the dutfes of Marehal without extrs pay. Bo with any other of the offices that it may be deemed wise to vacate. | The saving to the eity by the judicions oonsolidation of the offices mey be made wery large. The Board of Publio Works, as such, may bo abolished and the duties of the Board safely intrusted to 8 good Saper- intendent. There is no longer a oondition of things requiring threeinen at large salaries for this work. It is time to begin going slower on public improvements in this city. There has been no pausa for {wenty-one years,—a whole generation. Within that time the entire city kas been mised from several feet to one story ; between thirty and forty bridges have boea constructed, mostly of iron; a number of costly iron viaduets have boen built over the railroad tracks, water-tunnels have been constructed under the lake and under the city, and passenger- tunnels at an expensa of moze than £500,000 each have been run under ths river, with land damnges in litigation attached to each to an unknown amount ; water-works have been provided with a capacity of 80,000,000 gallons a day ; 410 miles of water-pipes have been laid, with more lorge pips than New York City has; there are 263 miles of sewerage underlying noerly the whaols of the popu- lated portions of the city. Three andaquar- ter millions were speat in despening 30 miles of canal to drain and purify the South Branch of the Chicago River; half a million is being spent in making a tunnel from the North Branch to the lake mnder Fullerton avenue for the purification of the Korth Braneh; 116 miles of strects have been raised, graded, walled, and filled, and more than 800 miles of sidewalk laid, and 10,000 lamp-posts creoted. Several millions have been exponded in the purchase of lota and the building thereon of school-honses, police stations, engine-houses, and equipments. To all these must bs added other millions spent in scquiring public park grounds and im- proving thesame. Since 1855, the tax-payers of Chicago have expended, at the lowest cal- calation, $50,080,000 for all those public pur- poses, in addition to $30,000,000 more for our- ront expenses of the Municipal Government. It isnow simply the duty of the City Govern- ment to protect these publio works'and keep them in repair, and the axpensesof this ser- vice must be reduced in propartion. . With one Buperintendant the other expenses may. be reduced in proportion. The duties of sanitary police and sidewalk inspeotars cen be performed sufficiently well and efficiently by the regular palicemen as they patrol their seversl districts, and it will give them useful occupation for their minds, now running to seed in tho day-time fvom very inanition. These changes alons would save tens of thousands of dollars, and they should be made immediately. Other consolldations ave in order. The Board of Health shonld be abolished alio- gether, as recommended by the Mayor, or it should be made an unpaid Board, like the Board of Educution, Bridewell, Public Li- brary, or the Board of Aldermen. The main duties of the Health Department should be intrusted to a Superintendent, with tha as- sistance of the police. The fact that,last year, only 8500 was spent for diainfectants, while thousands of dallars were required for tho machinery of the Depariment, is of itself a scandal. The expensive Bailding Bureaa should be bronght to a timely though sudden end, and the duties thercof trans- ferred to the Superintendent of Public Works, with the assistance, possibly, of a City Architect and the genersl aid of the police in reporting violations of the fire ordinance. The offices of City Marshal and Tax Commissioner should bs promptly va- cated, and also that of City Collector, if itbe found that the unpaid personal taxes of former years may be collected by some other officer. As to the collection of license fees, that can be given to the City Clerk and dis- charged by his present force. Thess changes should be made immediately, and they will carry with them an enormous saving in clerk- hire and subordinate sinecures. If it be de- cided that eny of these offices cannot be discontinued to take effoct until the end of the year, they should be abolished now all the same, and Mr. Horye can fall back on his powers under the Mayor's bill to practi- cally vacate them in the meantime. In the foregoing we have indorsed the suggestions of Mayor Horye in his message, and find room to add but little thereto. We are sure that he has the support of the vast majority of the tax-payers of all clesses in carrying his ideas as oxpressed in his message into effect. THE FREEDMEN'S BANK FRAUDS As comparod with the codes and practices of other countries, there is a serious defi- ciency in our criminal laws, and a painful lack of appreciation in our public morals as to the criminal nature of financial swindleson alarge scale. The common thief who robs 8 till of a few dollars, er the tramp who enesks into the hallway and steals clothes, or the poor woman who takes money to buy bread for her babes, may be promptly con- victedand severely punished in any State In the Union. But thero has naver yet been so striot a construction of our laws, National, Btate, or municipel, whereby the confidence- man in business or banking ean be surely apprehended and punished. There have been many striking instances of financial dishon~ esty since the panic brought speculations to sn umvespected end, but not one can be polnted to which has brought on the punish- mens thot should havo been meted out to it. There have been bank failures in soveral larga cities of the country—some in Chicago that will be recognized without nam- ing them—which revealed a prolonged aod systematio carecer of dishonesty, whereby hundreds and thousands of people have beon defrauded, and cheated, and plundered just as much as if the robbers had picked their pockets, —cases in which money waa secured under false pretenses, retained by falss oaths, and squandered in riotous living and gambling speculations. Such swindling as this is rockoned at its proper value in other countries, and the swindlems are made to suffer the same ponalties that are affied to other kinds of stealing. With ug, however, the enormity of the fraud seems only to ssrve asa pallintion, and the men who steal millions are pretty sure of immunity from punishment. This reflection is, unluckily, not a new one, bat it takes pew life and ought to recsive more thoughtful consideration from the reve- Iations of dishonesty that have been made in the ‘Freedmen’s Bauk management. The investigation by the Congressional Commit- tes Jeaves no manner of doubt that some half a dozen men (using tho names of some others who are passively guilty for permitting it) employed the machinery of this Freedmen's Bank, organized under an act of Congress, and extending throughout the entire South, to possess themselves of the earnings-of the negroes to equander on themselves and their private specalations. Perhaps there was never so mean and dastardly an advantage taken of an ignorant and oppressed people. The froud wes perpetrated under the cloak of philanthropy, and the patriots of tke North, who won the negro's freedom at the point of tho bayonet, wero made the innocent agents of the designing villairs who plundered them. The organization was a deliberate scheme to betray the confidence of the blacks in the men who emancipated them, and to use this faith as an agency in seizing their earnings. Religion, patriotism, friendship, honesty, and tbe pledge of humanity and philanthropy, were all outreged. Branches were established wherever thers was a pros- pect that the negrocs could earn a dollar, and their savings were scooped into one common pool, to support & lot of oonscienceless scoundrels and desporate gamblers. Washington was the focus of the pystem, and the District Ring were the chief beneficiaries. The money drawn from the mnegroes throughout the South was put into the hands of these spec- ulators almost without o pretense of security, and the men who betrayed the trust were partnersin the schemes and speculations in which the money wes used. The officers of the bank and a majority of the Board of Trustoes (five in number) were parties to the plunder, and in one way or another availed themselves of their own criminal administra- tion of the trust. Now, theDistrict of Colum- bia is under the immediate Government of the United States; and, if there are not alréady laws which will reach the men whe havo been guilty of thesh trausactions, Con- gress has the power to make them. Every one of tho plunderers should bo indioted and punished, and it will be o lasting disgrace upon the countryif they he permitted to escape. The case has also s political bearing. The frauds of the Frecdmen's Bank were the ont- growth of the mixture of carruption and partisan concealment thersof which has broughton all the disgrace that cests upon the Republican party. The men who committed tho frauds, and their spologists, are the very persous who ave loudest in their pro- tests against the nomination of ‘‘a man born the other side of Masox and Drxox’s line ™ as dangerous to the results atiained by the successful prosscation of the War. Now it s true that Ar. Bussow is & native of Kentucky, and has always lived in that Stata, though his patriotism and Republicanism have never been¥uccessfully impeached ; bat it is also trne that the men who have been engaged or years in the plundar of the ig- norant and confiding negroes, and who have dobased religon snd patriot- ism to this end, wes bom and have generally lived an this gide af Musox and Doxox’s line. We fanay thsf, if the ne- groes who have been eheated oat of their hard-earned savings could deeldo the issuo, they would prefer to take the chanoes with 8 man vigorously oppossd by tho scoundrels who have betrayed them than with & candi- date set up by theso scoundrels and thuir friends. Cant, hypocrisy, and pretension ave scarcely safe guides in the present times, ‘when exposure is the order of the day and uncompromising hostility to thieves is of somewhst more cansaquencs than a Northern T ———yy THR CTPY CERITFICATES. The new City Councll ase met on ths threshold of thelr office by the question whether the City of Ohicago shsll resume the business of issuing city cestificates, and keeping from $4,000,000 to $5,000,000 of paper of doubtful legality in circulation at interest, for the mere luxury of expending $2,000,000 annuelly for salaries for offices that are no longer necessary. The Comp- troller presented a special caso of peouliar circumstances calling for immediate action, and the Council voted, weakly we think, that a new issue of $300,000 bo made. Under the decigion of the Count, cestificates of indebtedness must be issued for definite purpose, and in anticipation of yevenune from taxes specially levied and sppropristed, and under no other circumstances. It follows that no cortificate can be issued payable ont of the taxes levied for 1876 to taks up sn outstanding certificate isyued last yeax. The certificates issued in 1875 must be paid oat of the taxes of 1873 and prior years; they cannot bo taken up by cextificates issued in anticipation of the taxes of 1870. As the $4,000,000 or more of ald certificates can only be paid by collections from the taxes of 1875 and prior years, thore is nothing gained by taking up one overdue note and giving an illegal ons in place of it. The better course is to let ell outstanding certificates stand as they are, and as the taxes are collected let the certificates be taken up and cancelod But what is to be done for the currant yesr? The appropriations and tax for 1376 ocover the period ending Deo. 31, 1875, while the bulk of the tax for that pexiod will no$ be oollected before Jaly, 1877. How ae the current expenses to be met? Under the decision of the Coust i$ is lawful to antici- pate the callection of this tax by giving to the contractor or servant of the dty o state- ment showing that the city i indebted to him, and that he will be paid cud of the tax levied for that purposo when the samo is collected. But, except for payments on the interest of the puhblio debd requiring cash, theres ought to be no certificates of indedted- ness issued. The tax levied for the last nine months of 1876 can be made to exceed the expenditure a¢t least one million of dollsrs. This can be done by making the pastial re- ductions proposed by Mr. Hoxwe general in all departments of the City Government, and, when collected, this surplus tax can be mads the boginning of a nsw system of finance whereby each year's expenditures can e paid ont of each year's current collections, instead of paying them & year and a half Inter. # ‘We know that the Comptroflas has stoked his opinion on tho wisdom of borsowing money on paper which the city has no legal autbority to issue. Bus that system is none the less vicions bocause the Comptroller in- sists on adhering to it. There has not been & day for two yoars and more when there has not been outstanding certificates of indebted- ness amounting fvom 2 million and a hal? to five millions of dollers. Ounteida of the Comptroller’s office, not a citizen had any knowledge how much of such paper was out- standing. It has been the good fortune of the city that it has had such a man as Mr. Haves in the Comptroller's,office. To anoth- erkind of man the opportunity.of issuing bogus certificates by the million of dollars was almost unlimited, and, had thers been a careless or n dishonest man in the office, there would probably be now an unknown amount of this questioneble sarip afloat. As it is, the sooner the whole volumre of that kind of paper is taken up hy payment, and not by venewal, the betber. The taxzes af 1873 wall be largely collocted the next ninety days, and as fast as coflected should be applied to this serp. Do take up scrip by issuing wenewals s only temporizing ; ik is only putting off the day when the system will collapse. Now is the time to stop it Let the back taxes as they como in be spplied to taking up the old paper, and let there be no new paper issued. About the only creditable thing that Plymouth Church has done for sore time was the unacimous vote Thursday evening to ex- pel Bowes. The position which the Church has assumed toward Mr. Brrcrer demanded this sction. It could not, with any decent regard for truth or dignity, refain as one aof its members 8 man who has danaunced its ‘pastor as an adulterer and perjurer, and who still persistently rofuses to roveal the evi- dence of it which he claims to have in his possession. Bowex himself i3 not entitled to sny sympathy, and probably none will ba wasted upon him. He has acted the part of a scandal-monger and fels friend from the beginning. He dismissed Tyxvrax from the Independent and the Brooklyn Uniom for doing just whathe prompted him to do. Since Beronre's trial he has gone about with mean insinustions, with “I could an' I would” constantly onhis tongue, and yet has declined to avall himself of my of the numerous opportunities to justify his mut- terings. The cose is & very simpls one Either Bowey knows something or he knows nothing. If he knows nothing of his own knowledge b= has acted the part of a vilifier and scoundrel in pretending to know some- thing that warrants his scousations. If he knows anything of that kind, he has acted the part of a sneak and a coward by dealing in insinuations snd then refusing to make them good. He cannot fall back upon any pladgo of secreay, because he Las violated that pledge a hundred times by his repented intimations of a personal kmowledge that Beromxz is an adulterer. He is an utterly character, whatever view be taken of his position in this matter, and respectable society generally will do well to imitate Plymouth Charch, and kick him ount. NATIONAYL ANTIPATHIES, Tho London Spectator, in a gossipy article, calls attention to the national antipathies of individuals. National antipathies have often been discussed ; but the antipathies of an indi- ~vidual against nations is a new theme. There ave almost ondless illustrations of this. Dr. JomxsoN hated Scotchmen. Heme always abnsed Englishmen. Cantyre doss not like Noxth Amesicans. Tnorzors is spiteful to- wards the Jewa. Lord Dzrsy hates tho Ital- fans as cordially 28 Proupz distikes the Irish, o which dislito TERACKERAY Wns quite as eor- dial as Frovps. In our own coantry there is probably not an Irishman who docs not de- test the negro race, and there is probably not a negro who does not detest the Irish racs. The Spectator vory ingeniously assumes ag the cause of this antipathy that the hater at- tributes some quality which he detests to the particular foreigner, and thon takes the ground that all the foreigners of thet nation possess this particular quality, and hates the nation ever afterward with that vehemenca and passion which be ex- pends upon the poculiar quality he detests. Another 0dd featare of this antipathy is the fact that tho hater of a particular nation very often knows nothing about that nation, bt acts upon the general improssion that it is possessed of the quality which ho dislikes, and this prejudice in tima grows strong that it becomes 2 belief whick cannot bs shaken by any amount of testimony. This is true to such an extent that some envoys to foreign countries, although they have had swplo opportunity to become acquainted with the nations to whioh they have been acaredited, bave been rendered almost use- less by their prejudices. Ths most singular feature of ‘lnis individual an- tipathy towards nations, perhaps, is the cordial dislike of the French as well a8 of the Irish by the average En- glishmon ; and this dislike is a fair illastra- tion of what wo have already said. In each instance it grows out of the Enplishman’s dislike of certain quelities which he imputes to thesa nations, and in each instance these nations are characterized by exactly the op- posite qualities. Notwithstanding that the Irish and French are next-door neighbors, the Englishman does not seem to be aware that he is disliking them for qualities which they do not and never have possessed. For instance, the French as a nation are almost as conservative as the Chinese. The French peasantry are the most conservative people in the world They pursue agricul- tural methods which wers in vogue conturies ago. They are consorvative in manners, speech, and dross. Notwithstand- ing this, the averags Englishman will never be convinced that they are not the most fickle people in the world, and, as he dis- likes fickleness, he consequently dislikes Frenchmen; and his dislike has bacome so persistent and ingrained that it is proverbial the world over. The same is true with re- gard to the Irish. They are as a race a melancholy people, and yet the Englishman believes that they are a marry, silly race, and, as he hates silliness, ho hates ths Irish with the most ceaseless prejudice and ma- lignity. With regazd to this point the Spec-. tafor says : Tho same dislfke accompanted with knowledge is common smong Frenchmen, aud we should, oa oay personal observation, add Americans, who bave lived moch §n England,—it was distinctly perceptible In HawTuonxs, —while it is, on tho whole, the vule rather than the exception 3mong Englishmen who have lived long in Switzerland. that puzzling country, where the people seem tobe able to do everything except develop considerablo men. France charms the great majority of man- kind, but thero are Engliskmen whom no length of residenco cures of thelr dislike, while it seems nearly impossible for 8 Frenchman to esteem Ital- ians, nesrly related to thom as he is, even to the degree that Austrians estcem them. One would ay that an observant, rather dreamy American, who thoroughly knew any part of Germany, would liko eithes all Germans or th. section of them be knew, but Juuay IIAWTEOENE'S ‘‘Saxon Studies, *—a book most attractive for its thonght- fulness, its acid hamorousuess, and its Insight, —is seriously tnjured by the sort of passion of dislike which breaks out in almost every page,—a dialike the more remarkable becanse Mr. HAwrmonys, unlike bis father, docs not dislike the English. The Spectator might havs pursued the sub- ject farther, and, if it had, would undoubted- 1y have found ti:¢ these individual antipa. thies towards nations were peculiarly Euro- pesn. Vo doubt if the Americans possess these antipathies to any considerabls extent. Americans have their proferences, but as & rule their rolations toward other nations do not sctually smount to a hatred, or even to a distike which is not removed by contact and knowledge,—n fact which lies at the bottom of our friendly relations with all Europoan nations and of our impartial comment and criticistn of European inturnational ques- tions. ——— AN EPISCOPAL VIEW OF RMIRACLES. A very remarkablo arlicls has recently ap- peared in the Enghsh Church Quarterly Re ‘view upon miracles, which is attracting con- siderable sttention in that country. Itmay be premised that the Church Quarterly Review is the leading organ of the English Church, which removes its orthodoxy far from any taint of suspicion. Tha first point made by the Keview is that the chief purpose of mir- acles was not intellectmal instruction, but modifications of national or individusl des- tiny of akind to secure some great moral end. It has also created still further atten- tention and discussion in England that the Spectator, another arthodox publication, sus- tains thig view. Its position will be of in- terest : This is really the only viewof the Jewish and Christian miracles which will hold water for a mo- ment. Xo one can say, of nine at least ont of every ten miracles recorded in' the Bible, of what dog- matic trath they were evensupposed to be the guar- antec. And even where sach a truth can be sur- mised, no one couldshow that the miracles worked, ssis sapposed, in connection with it, really do guarantee it The Gospels indecd assume that something like preternataral powers may be wiekd- ed by ovil men, and also by good men who are not chosen ‘messengers of God, but who are with Him only so far me they are mot agmmnst Him. All that a miracle, assumed to be true, shows concerning the person who predicts or i tn- strumental in bringing it abont, {e that he has eitber some very unusual knowledge or some very unusual power. Whether that knowledge or power is of the kind which we call divize can only be de- cided by the consideration of a great number of other carcamstances, of which the mora! and spirit. ual drift of the eventaof which it formed a part, and the hisiorical origin and historicai effect of that Berles of events, are probably quite the most im- portant. The second bomb which the Church Quar- terly Reriew explodes under tho position gs- sumed by a large class of Christian people is that miracles must not be regarded as “s suspension or infraction of the l&!s’g pxin- ciples of Nature, but tion of such new con of asupernatural will, as will impress an ar- ticulate purposs and signifiance on those notaral causes which, when left to them- selves, could only bo understood b ppx_ts of @ gystem, not as embodying any uulms]ul lesson.” 'This view has been substantially taken by Hoaz and others who wrote before this time. It is tantamount to the dsnhn-_ tion that, in caso of s miracle, 20 _tmst- ing condition of things bas-been inter- rupted, no law has been suspended, but soe new condition has becn established setting in operation soma new phenomens of Nature, which are proportionately mysterious and awe-inspiring as the beholder 8 ignorant. ar credulous. The Review draws the following illostration: *Thus our Lord warned his Disciples against supposing that the persons killed by the fall of the Tower of Siloam were in any sense punished by what we now call a Divine judgment. All that could prop- exly be inferred from the circumstance itself was that all the eightcen suffered the natural consequence of some negligence on the part of tho builders or conservators of the tower,—not that God had any common moral purpose—tho sams for all—in their death.” This is a very bold assumption for an evangelical church organ. If this be an orthodox view, what becomes of the belief of many Christisn people that when a theatre takes fire and lives are lost thereby it is & manifestation of the an- ger of the Almighty against those who were in attendance; that when a n.ilroad-tfm_n running on Sunday meets with disaster itis & Divine judgment and punishment ; or that whon a plensure-boat sailing on the first day of the week is blown over by & sudden gust, and some one is perhaps drowned, it is a di- rect visitation of Divine displeasure at the « violgtion of the Sabbath”? The rationale of the miracle is thus concisely put by the Review : All laws operating in the lower regions of matter are at work also in the higher, but their effects are vitally altered by the laws of the higher; chemical laws assume the mechanical, but add new and im- portant principles which wholly alter their effect; vital laws assume chemical laws, but 2dd mew princlples Which transform them; the action of the hmman will assumes physiological laws, but adde & new directing principle; and 80, too, super- patural events assume the laws of all that we call natural phenomena s their basis, and involve only new contralling principles which greatly modify the fesue. As to the application of the miracle, 1t says: “All the energics of thephysical world gre as constant a quantity, even in relation to God, as they are in relation to man, end that God works miracles only by altering the disposition of the forces which He himself provides, and never by creating anew force.” The most important feature of this discus- sion of the miracle is not so much its influ- ence upon religious philosophy, which will be very important, 8s its indication of a gradual change in perception of the laws of the universe, which progresses in proportion to the spread of intelligence, investigation, and reflection. The more the human mind is enlightened the juster- and clearer becomo its conceptions of the nature of Divine Prow- idence, and the laws by which the Almighty governs men as well as spheres. Once more comes the story of the dissonance of married musical couples, affording Mr. HawEs, of “Musicand Morals ™ celebrity, an opportunity to speculate 85 to the causes wh}nb produce such want of harmony when the marital chords should be in full concord. This time it is the famous London conductor, VIANESI, who has brought suit to nullify the marriage be- tween himself and Mrs. HENDERSON, It appears that Viaxesr made the acquaintance of Mrs. ‘HENDERSON, whose husband had deserted her, in 1803, slie being at that time a chorus singer at Covent Garden. He offered her an cngagement at Moscow, which she accepted. Aftera time she consented to live with him as his wife. In 1868 o ceremony of marriage was performed on tho assumption that HENDERSON was dead. They lived together fora long time affection- ately. In 1871, however, differences arose, and from that time until their final separation they lived in separato apartments. In 1375 ViANEst consulted his lawyers on the subject of his differcnces with his wife, and as the re- sult of his consultation and subsequent in- quiries it was ascertained that HENDERSON was living. He then brought suit to nullify the marriage on the ground that the first husband was living when the marriage wasconsummated. He admitted that they could not agree; that on one oceasion she slapped his face and he blacked ber eye; that on another accasion she threw a jug of milk in his face and he then knocked her down. The jury, however, found that Mr. HENDERSON Wwas not alive, consequently poor Vi.Ngsr's petition was dismissed, and he re- mains tied to Mrs. HENDERSON 25 fast as ever. ——et———— The San Francisco papers are further exercised over the silver problem. This time for fear the silver paid out by the Treasury Department will pour in npon California in such quantity as to practically supplant the gold currency. Silver being now, this side the mountains, on a par with greenbacks, the Californians want to know what is to hinder its being seat there on specu- Iation to be exchanged for gold. The plethora of silver about whizh'there has been such ado ou the Pacific coast has been of trade dollars, not of the regular silver coins. This because any holder of silver bullion can have it colned into trade dollars at a mere nominal cost, while the silver halves, ctc., are only issued from the Mint i cxchange for gold at their fall face value, thuugh the intriusic valuc of the halves is but 80 cents on the Jollar. Comsequently, no more of them have heenin circulation there than are needed for change. The question now is, since on this side the mountains the halves can be obtaiued in exchange for greenbacks, whether they will not be sent to California on speculation, to be exchanged for gold, so long a5 they circulate thereon a par with it to the amount of tive dollars. _—— It secms to be dawning upon them in San Francisco that vice and erime are not conficed exclusively to the heathen Chinese who work cheaply. A series of extraondinarily brutal out- rages perpetrated by the | Joollums upon pas- sengers on street-cars has led to the fact bejng made public that the companies are compelled to pay blackmail tribute to the ruffians, and, be- sides, to tacitly leense the latter to take posses- sion of the cars and beet aud rob pussengers at discretion; further, that the Hoodlums have a regular organization for the purpose, presuma- bly, of running ward politics, moboing China- men, and raiding strect-cars, aod that their Jeader, known by tho soubriquet of Far Jack,” is such a powerful porsonage that the police darc not moleat him. Instead, therefore, of now talking about organizing Vigilant Com- mittees to extcrminate the Chinamen, the San Frauciscoans are gravely discussing the proprie- ty of getting up a Vigilance Committee to rid the city of “FaT Jack ™ and his Hoodlums, who areof the class that Joudest protustagainst being rained by Chinese cheap labor. S ———— The Temperance Brotherhood of Newarls, N. J., has jnvented a new occupation, which it is safe to predict thousands of the uprising youth, as well as their elders, of the present genera- tion will seck to cuter. It 13 dosigmated as “agent” simply of the Brotherhood. The office of the agent is to visit every saloon found opea on Sunday, and take a drink, paid for by the Brotherhood. Some time Monday morning, a4 soon presumably as the agent has slept off the influence of his potations, he is %o malie complaint against each and every vendor of liguors at whose-bar on the day previous he took drinks in violation of the Sanday Liquor hww. On ghe principle, it is presumed, that it is better to sacrifica one agent than that nin victims of the demon -alcohol Ah:tuyx;n :;Th through taking drinks on Sunday, the will perforce bz required to immalate as it were, by taking an undue number of on that day; but it issad to reflect hoyw ng. merable will be the throng of to mect that fate. g ——— . One of the most valuable features o the present Centennial Exhibition isthe carefn). aration of statistics by experts relative to thy material prosperity of various countries. Th will coustituto an invaluable collection. for future reference. Among those already made is one of South Australia, which was settled o forty years ago,—a colony hardly known to m: outside world. The statistics, prepared by Mr, Josiax Boormany, show that 50,000 men mppo(i thrice their namber of women and children, oo cupy 200,000 square miles of pastoral conpf and possess 6,000,000 sheep. They own 000 acres of land, grow 12,000,000 bushels o wheat, conduct an external commerce o 1345, 000,000, and raise £5,000,000 of revenue, whishfy o pretty good showing for a forty-yearqlj colony. ————— ‘The New York Herald is grieved to the heant because thc WAGNER Centennial “grand as it is, does mot hove tho faintest reminiscence of any American air In ft. Pey. haps this is owing to the fact that Wiewerhim. self has not the faintest reminiscence of any American afr. It fs a pity, however, onthe Bn. ald’s account, that WAGSER had not inf “Yankee Doodle,” “OK Bob Ridley” e TWhen Johnny Comes Marching Home.” (s thing is certain. If he had done so, there wonlq have been no danger of any other natiom stea). ing it from us. It would have amounted tosn effective and permanent caveat. e t— Oue of the evening papers insists that Dol shall go into the “favorite souny” business a3 Cincinnati, and cast onecvote atlesst for Gen Logan for President. This is a very foolisg proposition. It would do Gen. Logaw no and might provoke some oppooent of his to re. vive the disegreeable memory of his record og the back-pay and double-salary-grab bill whick passsed at one session of Congress, and which the hext one was glad to repeal. Gen. Loaag 15 doing very well where Le is, and doesn’t desirg to be thrust into the Cincnnati Conventlon for any superficial reasons. ———— The Haytien revolutionists are getting along swimmingly in their upsetting things generally, Having Killed off both the insurgent leader and the Vice President, and driven the President away, the Revolutionary Committee has estab. lished a Provisional Government, consisting of a Coundl of five members, who are 0 adminfs. ter affairs until after the election of a Preaideny and the convocation of the National Assembly, —————— PEBSONAL, The first Empress Victoria fiourished in Englsnd 1,600 years ago. 3 Prince Napoleon 1a ome of the moat eloguent speakers in France. Henry W. Longfellow Is a grest of G. W. Childs, A M., Philadelphia. Carl Schurz will be In St. Louts Monday next, for & visit of three or four days. Tima de Murska recentlysengin **La Sonpsm- buln™ st Melbourne, Australia. The melancholy work of demoliching the Ol Sonth Church in Boston began Wednesday. Mrs. Partington (B. P. Shillaber) is back Boston, after an absence of three months in Call- fornia. *Boston young women complain that Shakspesrt has no soul, and that be borrows from Ralph Walde Emerson. One of the delegates to the Prosbyterian Gener a1 Assembly in Brooklyn bears ths variegated nang of Ochre Blackamoor. Commodore Vanderbilt had a relapee Wednesdsy and Thursday, but rallied partially. He is stillfat from being In perfect health. The $t. Lonls ball-playing erowd this morning are **biger men than old Grant,"—thas s tosay, they have ** biger® ‘heads on 'em. The dramatist Mosenthal said to the Prinees Metternich: ** What a loas to the dramatic stit 1 that y0u were born & Countess. ™ A piece of poetry received at this office, begin- ning **This world Is mainly a horde of liars,* has the virtue of starting with a grand truth. Mrs. Myra Clark Gaines s said to have been of- fered $250, 000 cash and 20 per cent of the proceeds, if she will sell her claim to a specalating pool The play-bills at Worcester, Masa., last Tueadsy night announced that Barry Sullivan woald appear in ** Skakspeare's great tragedy of *Richelicn.’™ The absurd report that Mrs. A. T. Stewart wasta surrender her megnificent rosidence on Fifth ave- nuc to Judge Hiltonhas been densed by the latter. 0'Donovan Rossa was advertised to make hissp- pearance in the boxes ut Jomes O'Neil's farewell benefit in San Francisco last Saturday aftornoon. Dom Pedro imagined that the two mostcelebrated women in America wero Harriet Beecher Stowe and Susan Augusta Fenimore Cooper, danghterof the novelist. 4 The New York Supreme Court has decided that weiss-beer is not intoxicating. Having seid thin itls scarcely mecessary to add that weiss-besris notfit to drink. . The Presbyterian General Assembly narrowly es- caped electing the Rev. T. De Witt Talmage Mod- erator. Dr. Talmage has the reputation of being somewhat cccentric. It is noticed that there were a good many clergy- men present at the Fifth-Avenue Political Confer- ence. Seven gentlemen of the cloth had their names in the list of Vice-Presidents. Marshals Moltke and Bazaine recently traveled together in the same car from Rome to Napies. They were not sware, however, of their closo proximity, being in scparate compartments. The people don't stand on tiptoe, as they nsed to, tohear what Brother Bowen's paperbas to sy about the political sitnation. Brother Bowen bas published too many paid Northern Paclfc articles Bishop Paddock, of Massachusetts, in his a0~ nuzl address to the clergy of the diocese, specially warned them agaiust the Materialistic beliefs of the present day, and also against the practices of the Catholie Chureh. A young man in Wisconsin, the other day, do- layed his marriage-ceremony in order to feed his horse. He explained that a good horse couldn't be found every day, while thirtoen different girls ‘wanted to marry him. Walt Whitmen dentes indignantly that be bd anything to do with the componition of the cantsts attributed to Sidney Lanjer. It must Le coafeased - that Walt's ** barbaric yswp” never yet was t0 08 poor advantage as Lanfer's. A Paris writer expresses the opiafen that Father Hyacinthe has passed under the absolute domiuion of hiswife. She often answers for him, allows nobody to visit htm except per:ons sha likes, aod expreascs her own opinluna in his preseace loadly and dogmatically. The New York World says editorially thst® *fuds itseif compelled to Col. Scott's story of the ownzrahip of the Fort Smita end Little Rouk bonds a8 cloar and conclusive, aad toluve the reaponsibility for the whole transaction him who hes sssumed it.** 5 Mr. A. C. Wheeler, **Nym Crinkle *ofthe World, has been engaged by Scribner, Armstroxg & Co. to write & novel concerning the silver-min- ing excitement; and his rocent jomrmey Wostw! was undertuken for the purpose of making obser ‘vations and collecting facts. In the play of Julins Cesar, in s Northers clty recently, Mack Antony, ia throwingihimeclf pod the **dear remaina® of the live Cesar, struck tho poor fellow so ‘forcibly In the pit of the stomscl that ft tovk two 0id women sad & camphor bostl® ten minutes to zet his wind back. A West End young maa, bewitched by ths win- some waysand sunny face of a fair femsle, W8S 8bout proposing to ber, when she said, *¢ You ars 3 splendid feliow. Yoa squeeze and kiss o more's all my gentlemen friends together, "oopt TOT . Joncks, the hotel clerk, bat he caly comes aace & weel™ According to the London Atkesaan, children s Stratford-on-Avon generally believe that Shaky. peareistho writer of everything that was ove! Printed, down to the placards on the wals; whilt &few of the more ntelligent doubt his being t4 aathor of the bills and the newspapers, but SrmlY hold that he wrota the Bible from Geaedls to Beve" lation. Lonse Chandler Moulton, the literary womaa @ Boaton, visited the Pope lately, peimed withbd- mility end sclf-abasement. She kissed bis I8! hand, and was hapoy. A Boston correspondest & tho Springfield Reputhicon thiaks i3 13