Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 12, 1876, Page 4

TERNS OF THE TRIBUNE. PATES OF SUESCRIFTION (PATABLE IN ADVANCE). Postage Prepaid at this O d 1o xny address FOUE WEEX! day Lattion: Literary and Parts of year st same rate. WEELLY EDITION, POSTPAID. The Chicago produce markets wero rather slow on Saturday, except wheat. Mess pork was quiet and firm, closing at $22.12}@22.15 @22.27} for April Lard was active and 3c per 100 1bs higher, closing st $13.20813.25 cash and $13.32}@13.35 seller April. Meats were dull and steady, at, 8}c for boxed shonlders, 12¢ for do short ribs, and 12}c for do short clears. High- wines were quiet and unchanged, at $1.05 per gallon. Flonr was quict and steady. ‘Wheat was mors active and 3¢ higher, closing at 9890 for Alarch and 99§c for April. Corn was quiet and unchanged, closing at 433c for March and 43jc for April. Oats were guiet and firm," closing at 32{@324c for March and 34ic for May. Rye was quiet, at 63i@ Gic. Barley wes quiet and lc higher, closing 2t 56c for March and 553c for April. Hogs were in fair demand, and prices ruled steady The bulk of the sales ‘There was a quiet cat- tle market at easy prices,—quoted at $3.50@ 5.50 for common to choice. Sheep remained firm at $4.00@6.00. One hundred dollars in gold would buy $114.62} in greenbacks at Ty preveat delsy znd mistakes, be ware and giva Post- ©Ofice address in full, including State azd County. Eemittacces may bs made either by draft, express, Tust-Oficc order, or [ Tegistared loters, at our risk. TEPAS YO CITY EUBSCRIBERS. delivered, Sanday excepted, 25 cents per week, Zelivored, Sanday incladed, 30 cents per week. THE TRIBUNE CDNPA.\'YfiL AMUSERMENTS. MeCOPRMICE H%L—-Z\'v{!h Cll;vk“;m?;k,gm!fl lcelureat S p, 12, by Prof. W. D, Gunning. “ & ‘Theér Pricads.” NEW CHICAGO THE. Zike and Ksudolph, « FIAST METZODIST CHURCH—Corner Washing- sozand Clarketresta, Concesrt inaid of the Good Smaritan’s Home st 3 o . ATRE—Clark street, between HOOLEY'S THEATRE- Ciack and Lasalle, The Califos * _ADELPHT THEATRE—Desrbarn strest, cornsr Aonroe, * Humpty Dampty,” 7 MCVICEER'S THEATRE—Msdizon street, betsmeen Dearbora nd Siate, Engagement of Emma Waller. “ Meg Merrilies™ PLYMOUTH CHUECH—Boston Philbarmonic Club Concert. dolph strest, betw i st Friday's decline. wero at $7.85@83. "SOCIETY MEETINGS. The serenade is peculiarly a Washington institation. It is resorted to on every possi- ble occasion. If a distinguished individual ar- rives heis serenaded; if he departshe is like- ‘wise serenaded. If o candidate is elected he is sure to be screnaded; if he is defeated s serenade is amatter of conrse. When ““Boss SmeprERD was inducted into offica he was favored with a‘sérennde; snd when he was kicked out hé'was the recipient of a similiar Every political sentiment in Wash- ington, whether of congratulation, vindica- tion, joy, depression, success, defeat, birth, and demise, is celebrated by the scraping of fiddles and the blowing of horps. It isnot surprising, therefore, that the calored eiti- zens, being essentially an imitative race, shonld now tender wonld-be-Sanator Prvce- BacE eserensde. This seransds is given be- cause Prscanack did not get his seat, bot he would have been serenaded just the sams if he had succeeded in getting the place "In either case his eolored fellow-citizens would have insisted upon serenading him ‘“‘as a token of their appreciation of his services to ‘Would-be-Senator PrcaBacs has probably assisted before now in serenadss,— very aften, perbaps, in times past &5 a twanger of the guitar or the manipulator of 3 THOS. J. TCRNER LODGE, 3L —Will meet at Freo Mosons' Hall, 72 1 #t,, oo Toursday evening, March 16, for work, Visiting Iy iovited to meet withus. By WALLACE B. DOUGLAS, Sec. GE, Yo. SIL A F, & A M—A Begular Communication will be held at Conpthizn 16, commencing a1 120 Cock. Members are Urgen- Tequested toastend on business of impor e INO. P. MOHR, W. L.S.CHARLETTE, MASOXIC SOCTABLE.—. sociables given by Corinthizn ¥ 2 on Tuesday evening, March 1, ot the “Fart Kinziest, to which the fraternity &riends are cordially invited. ATTENTION, SIBR ENIGHTS |—Special Conclave of Commandery, No. 1Y, K. T., ou 13, at 7:30 o'clock for work on the Enights courteonsly invited. By order of CHAS, J. TROWBRIDGE, Becorder. CORTNTHIAN CHAPTER, No. €2, B, A. ¥.—Reg- ular Convoestion Mondey evening, March 13, at 7:50 odock. Work on the P. 32d M. K. Degre: : . 0. DICEERSCY, Sect. S. M. EPNDERSOK, H. P. LAFAYETTE CHAPTER, No. 3, B. A, A.—Hall, 72 Monroest.—Sisted Convocation = Monday evening, o'clock, for business and work on Digtec. By atter of the KL B, other of those enjoyable Hall Trustees . DISEASES OF DOGS AND HOW TO BREED DOGS, i ge‘c_}:, vbe G hd.i"' Shsmcay e ! e Jea irld, ban Sraied. For ede by ull news deaters. i The Chicags Tribane, Bundey Mormng, March 13, 1876. Prof. Sminuax can scercely be congratu- lated upon his outcome in the recent exam- ination relative to his connection with the Emma Mine swindle. The dispatch which he sent about the 8,000 tons of ors in sight worth §2,000 a ton (which was of itself §16,000,000) was the stumbling-block in the way of self-justification. Prof. Smrnmy was at & loss how to explein the sendirg of that dispateh, though he coald not deny it. He was constrained to admit that there were not mare than 2,000 tons of ore in sight, and that much of it woald not assoy $2,000a ton. This scems to be an admission that Prof. Smrnnw did not tell the trath sbout it. the matter of the compensation he received he must also rest under suspicion. Though he declares that his compensation was rot to depend on the character of his report, he ad- mits that, atter recaiving $5,000 in advance, he was then to gat all the way from $10,000 to $20,000 additional. Leaving it in this way, even a less lesrned man than Prof. Smrnay would have concluded that his chances for the larger sum were be tter with a favoreble report than they would be with an unfavorsble one. fact, he received $25,000 for work that, all told, he cnly claims to have occupied six months, induding traveling. X this the usual rate Yale Colloge pays its Professors? — e Greenbacks ruled stesdy at the. New York Exchange on Saturdsy st §74. — The Alsbama Legislaturs, before adjourn- 8ng, adopted Centennial resolutions. This is x good gign. Nowhere aro the effects of the Cesntennial likely to be-of more value than in the letely rebellious States. The proposition to submit s woman-suf- frage zmendment to the people of Iows has been twice defented in the Stats Senate. The people might be trusted to decide a question ¥ this kind for themselves. "The eppearance of ex-Secretary WeLres to destify sgainst Mr. Ropesox seems not to Tave produced great results. It would have ‘been worth while, though, to hear Secretary $21N70x5 Opinion of BELENar. The safe-burglary scandal has become tire- o e same to many newspaper readers; but there is a kernel to it, which, if once reached, will well repay sli the sbor that has been ex- pended upon it. The people cught to know who the rascals are, why they have escaped punishment thus fax, and how long they are- "20 remain in the company of honest men. SOCIAT. DEMORALIZATION. In the light of daily revelations, there can be no one who can dispute the widely-ox- tended demoralization of society. Crime has ceased to ba odious or repulsive. The time ‘was that the discovery of a dishonest jurar ‘would have astounded the community, when the purchase of 2 grand jury would heve so alarmed men that the iniquity would be sum- marily punished. Such things are mow not exceptional, but common; jurors seek ap- pointments for the money they can meke in office ; and the appointment of jurors is a matter of patronage, distributed with or with- out a consideration. Defeleations in publio office and in private institutions have be- come 50 common that they no longer attract any more ettention than changes in the weather. Society has reached that point that it is appalled by nothing. = Infidelity in all the relations of life, in the family, in business, in all commercial and financial i transactions, works no social exclusion. The + possession of money overrules all inquiry a5 —— | to how the money was obtained. A thou- The Judge of the -Common Pless Court in | 5aud families are at this moment plunged in Philadelphia has set aside tho verdict of the | distress because of the detection of as many jury in the Girard College case on the ground | heads of families in & confessed conspiracy ~that it was procured by improper means. It | to Tob the Government ; and yet society in Wil bo remembered that the jury was drawn | {to decide whether Girard avenue should be straightened by catting through the College grounds. The decision was adverse. Tho jury was composed of “prominent and well- Inown" citizens, who seem to have ac- quired pecaliar facility in entertaining ¢ im- Proper considerations.” that there was any bribery in the case, The Prince of Warrs is now on his WBY ‘hame. Histourin Indin has perhaps been #raitfal in good results to Limself, having !;i‘un himopportunities to enlarge his stora of information, correct his loose habits, and im-~ prove his esthetic senso; butitisa question whether the English people will ever seo in their future King the good effects of the money they have expended on this expedi- "Tho dissatisfaction of the Towa people with the present arbitrery railroad tariff is con. stantly incrensmg. The inhabitants of the interior towns complain that the only effect of the tariff isto benefit the merchants of Heokuk, Burlington, Davenport, Dubuque, and other river towns, who add the difference "between the old and the new rates to their prices, and still are able to keep trade away general is not in the least disturbed, assum. ing that no one will be punished, but that these persons will be all restored to social confidence again. After the long and protracted wars of Eu- rope at the beginning of the present century, England was stricken ‘with the moral palsy which now prevails in this country. same corruption of private and public morals existed. Society was rotten to the centre. Offices were bought and sold; the wealth sccumulated in the wars had demoralized all ranks in life; end conspicuous smong the criminsls of that day was the brother of the King, who, through his mistress, sold com- missions and contracia, It does not appear M;. Srorey is Permitting some of his un- derlings on the Zimes newspaper to write Lim downsan ass. Either heis grown senile and fails to discover the true meaning of the | articles he prints, or ke has become so reck- less a8 to the charscter of his paper that he gives irresponsible persans foll swing to stultify him' to their hearis’ content. ‘in point, to The struggle was a Paper money hnd added its cor- rupting influence to the evil times. through the resumption of specie payments and the desolation of a panic, the moral in- subject of municipal retrenchment and | telligence of the nation recovered its su- taxation. While professing the most loyal devotion to the tax-payers, and an intense de~ sire to have the City Government econom- ically administered, the real spirit of the con- cern was illustrated a few days ago, when an article in favor of retrenchment in one col- umn was offset in & parallel by & demand that the police force be in- creased by 150, swelling the patrolmen to 700 men, that a portion be converled into horse mnvines, or some other kind of cavalry, to ride around town and eshibit their equestrian skill. These lerge additions to the force would necessitate extra station room and ~dables for horses, and would require more ofleers, and add at least a quarter of a million The work of reform was severely performed. The civil service of England, which had be- come even worse than our own, was turned inside out. The dishonest wers dismissed, abuses were discountenanced and prevented, corruption and the means of corruption were eradicated, frauds and abominations were exposed and punishetl, and s long string of sinecures was abolished. These reforms had a strong effect upon society. It ceased to be fashionable to be dishonest. 'The ‘poxsession of wealth ceased to be worshiped. There was 8 return to frugality, economy, and industry. The constitution of the Kingdom felt the force of the moral reaction. Parliament was Teorganized, representation was reformed, and a host of rotten boroughswere abolished. Gragdually the moral improvement extended to trade, to the administration of the laws, and to all the affairs of Government, nation- al as well es local. The improvementin pub- lic and private morals brought enlightenment in political matters. The exclusive policy of trade was abandoned, and England became the storehouso of the surplus products of all nations, and the banker snd commercial agent of the world's commerce. Her wealth has grown with her intelligence, and she has reached that point of prosperity where her people are only taxed on their vices. As with England, so with the United States, the correction of the existing evils mut come from within. Society must re- form itself. Meén must draw a line botween crime and honesty, and act on it. Honesty must be appreciated, end, if possible, made fashionable. * Fast”, people, and “fast” living, and “‘fast ” morality must be discoun- tenanced. Impeached integrity, whether in 1men or women, must ceaso to be regarded as entitled to an incressed interest and favor from the society in which it appears. Per- sonal extravagance must be visited with loss of commercial credit, and reckless expendi- ture must be accepted as the certain prelnde to moral and financinl ruin. The defaulter and the corrupt official must be placed by society in their proper places as criminals. Corruption and bribe-taking must rank with allotherforms of stealing. The public service must be reorganized. Personal integrity and capacity must be substituted for party serv- ico as the commendations for office and as the tenure of office. The tide of social de- struction must bo arrested, and this work must begin with the people and be carried out by the people. The corruption which has cropped out in the national servics is but in keeping with that which rules in all local Governments and extends through all the ramifications of 1fusiness and society. - The work must begin with the people, and, oncs begun, they will find aids on every side. A reform, a great reform, was accomplished in New York City; more will be sccomplished ot Washington; and the battle will be Lalf ‘won when crime i3 exposed and punished be- cause it is crime, and not because it may hurt some political party. When parties unite to punish official dishonesty, without reference to party sdvontages, then much will be ac- complished. A greet agent in this work of moral regeneration is the Church,—if its energies were 50 directed. But has the Church been true to its duty? ~Has wealth acquired sny power as such in the churches ? Does the man who can pay the highest price hold a higher seat than others? Do extrav- sgence and display appear in the churches, and has it ever happened that an inability to dress os expensively as otbers hes kept per- sons away from the temple of religion ? If the peoplo have not virtue enough to begin this work of social and political regen. eration, and we must go on from bad to worse, then, indeed, is hope for better days & delusion, aud - the reorgarization that will come will be that which follows nationsal ruin end dismemberment, anarchy, and desola- tion. - THE CITY FINANG3ES. It has becn stated in the official organ of the city that the Comptroller has not been successful in the negotiation of loans in Now York to take up the ocutstanding certificates of indebtedness, the legelity of which has been questioned. A portion of this paper matases in April, and the rest at intervals up to the Ist of June. An objection seid to have been urged by the New Yorkers is, that, if the validity of theso certificates be beyond all doubt, and their payment an absolute cer- tainty, why.do not the Chicago banks show their faith in the paper by advancing some of the money? Of the whole amount of cer- tificates outstanding, over thres millions are held in Now York City, and the Comptroller ‘was asked why he did not have some of the logn taken at homs, Itis, however, denied that Mr. Haxes has sent any such report as thot poblished in the corporation news paper; but some of those best acquainted with the affairs of the city think such a contingeney is quite possible. Tho question why the banks of this city do not take this loan is a pertinent ome, and ons which the banks can hardly avoid an- swering. We all know that, whether the certificates Lo legally issued or not, they are to be paid. On that point there is no differ- enca of opinion. The managers of the banks are aware of this, and know that the tax to pay these certificates has been levied. Bat, befora taking this loan, there will probably be a stipulation that the outstanding and uncallectod tases shall be applied, as fast as collected, to the paymentof theso certificates, and that, to ensble the city to do this, there shaoll be a reduction of public expenditures to the lowest sum, and some assurance given that the Government is to be conducted in a reputablo manner. ‘The fact is, the City Government of Chi- cago has lost tho confidence of the reputable people ; the belief is general that it is ad- ministered in the interest of the tax-eaters, bummers, and criminal clgsses, for personal profit, and not with reference to the public interests. Look at the disgraceful dis- closure of half a dozen Aldermen, proprietors of drinking-saloons, and run- ning them without having paid any license since last July, actually defraud- ing the City Tressury out cf its lawfal revenue. Public confidence has been de- pending on the election of a nmew City Gov- ernment in April ; but the ad nterim Mayor puts a quietus on that measure by refusing to resign, and defies the Council to order a special election. Thus the embarrassment of an usurping Mayor is added to the other troubles of the City Comptroller in meeting tke public lisbilities. All the adventages to result from the election of a new City Govern- mont are lost by the continuance of the Mayor,with all the odium and contempt whick attach to the old City Government. Itislike patching an old coat with new cloth; like puiting 8 new bottom to an old, burnt-out pot or kettle. The peremptory manner in which the hold-on Mayor spurns the unani- mous public wish to have an election for an entirely new City Government but confirms the general impression that all tho advan- tages of a new elsction will be defeated. It i3 desirable, however, that the credit of the city shall be maintsined, and the banks of Chicago owe it to the integrity of the com- munity to evidence their faith by taking a large part of the loan. But it is not likely that they will do 8o if the mere purpose is to grant new license to reckless expenditure, and to the issne of mew debt obligations by the million. There must be o stop put to the issue of these certificates at some time. Temporary laans which grow inmagni- tude every six months are not the kind of pa- per which well-managed cities should put on the market. When notes are offered for re- newal for larger sums than the orignal ; est on even the temporary loans, the paper becomes of that questionable kind that the helder cannot depend upon its being paid at matarity. It would be a disgrace to have the city notes go to protest, and we trust the banks will not permit sach a thing to hap- pen, if they can prevent it. At the same time it cannot be expected that persons or corpo- rations will lend two or three millions of dol- lars to a City Government which refuses to reduce its expenditures within ité income, end which refuses to levy a tax to st its linbilities, and which insists upon the issue of notes growing in amount with almost arith- metical progression. If the city cannot meet its labilities now, how will it do so six months hence, if the money received from taxes, instead of being applied to taking up its temporary lonns, is used for current ex- penditures ? If asfast as one certificate is taken up another is issued for o larger amount, the evil isreally increasing, and there must be a suspension at some time, That kind’ of business must eventually reach its limit. Wo hopo that the banks will cordially re- spond to the relief of the pressing necessities of the city; bat in so doing thers should be a free and frank conference and understanding as to the future conduct and mansgement of city affairs. CHICAGO DIVORCE STATISTICS. An examination of tho court records dur- ing the year 1875 of applications for divorces show that 526 cases havo been commenced in that time. Of these enses, 285 decrees have been granted, or less than one 2 day. There ore 169 not disposed of. There have been 70 decroes denied, and 2 cases have been transferred from ono court to the other. The causes have been as follows : Desertion, 174; craelty, 157 ; adultery, 111 ; drunkenness, 69; miscellancous, 15. TUpon the surface this has a bad look, but when the figures are analyzed a little the re- .sults will show that muriage is just s binding in Chicago as auywhere else, and that the two or more souls with but a single thought and the two or more hearts that beat as one are just as likely to hang together till ¢ death do us part ” in Chicago as in other cities which make o boast of marital constancy. It will be observed that, il told, 526 cases have been instituted. Of these, 70 have been denied, s0 that at least thess 70 couples will have 1o stay hitched and travel in single or double harness, as they prefer. There have been bat 285 decrees granted, which is less than one for each day in the year, which is not o bed showing, considering the manner in which tho ill.ussorted and miserably-mated couples from other cities come here to get unspliced. Of the whole number of cascs, 258 only were Chicago marrizges, and 268 were from St. Lonis, Cincinnati, Milwaukee, New York, Boston, and other outlying sub- urbs. This shows that over one-half the cases were instituted by peoplewho have only made a temporary residence here in order to bring suits. It appears, therefore, that during the year there heve been 253 wretched couples, out of 8 population of nearly half a million people, who are discontented with their marriage state, and who are ready to throw up their wedding-rings, marry soma one else, or go it alone the rest of their days. This is a very small proportion ; and how much smaller it appears when compared with the great army of martyrs who are ready to place the yoke upon their shoulders to assume the responsi- bilities, cares, pleasures, and sorrows of wed- lock, and to pay for the support of some youngwoman and prospective olive-branches. ‘While 258 Chicago couples have stepped for- ward to have their shackles struck off, 5,004, or nearly twenty times as many, couples have marched heroically up o the mirister and dg- manded that they be%fettered. While 258 couples stand ready to sell ont the whole bridal outfit, rings, orange-flowcrs, trous- soaus,—and all for two cents,—5,004 couples have paid handsomely for the privilege of wearing them, end are ready, even in these tight times, to risk the expeuse of housa- keeping. It is time, therefore, that this sense- less affirmation of the looseness of the mar- riage tie in Chicago should stop. The very figures wo have quoted show that the tie is as long and as strong here as anywhere. It it were as long and as strong in other cities, wo shonld not be troubled with their botched work s we are. Marringe in Chi. cago, like everything else in Chieago, is war- ranted to wash. Our men are just as brave and strong, end our women 83 tender and true, s in other cities (and a great deal pret- tier). Even of the small number of Chiengo couples who have sought for divorce, the great majority are foreigners who have not yet fallen into the ways of Chicago devotion and constancy. Tho grent trouble in the matter is, a5 we have said before, the wretched people come here from St. Louis and other suburbs “‘not balf made up,” and never fitted to be married to each other, or to be married at all. To break the bonds of such crestures is kindness to snimals But we protest against having fo bear any longer the notoriely arising from foreign botching in the union of souls. UNDERDRAINAGE OF CITLES. The London Zimes of a recent date contains an article congratulating the people of that city upon the results which have been achieved by the Metropolitan Board of Works with special respect to drainage, aud claims, what will probably have to be admitted, that London is the best-drained city in the werld. It calls attention to the fact thet when the Metropol- itan Board was organized, twenty-one years ago, London had no system of drainage what- ever, and that during thet time over 1,000 miles of sewers have been constructed, in ad- dition to all its other works, such as the for- mation of parks, the creation of new streets, end the superintendence of gas and water supply, and the great Thames embankment, which hes given the cify en elegant thorough- fare by land reclaimed from one of its banks. All of these improvements are more or less sanitary in character; but, of course, none of them in this respect can compare with under- drainage. The statement of the 2'énes that London bas been underdrained during the past twen- ty-one years will undoubtedly surprise most readers, who have had the impression that the underdraining of cities was an old practice. The system, as it prevails now, isthe ont- growth of the present century. The ancients, although they constructed great sewers, ac- complished nothing more than the carrying off of the surface-water of the streets. The system which not only does this, bnt con- nects with the basements of dwellings, stores, barns, and outhouses, carrying off the filthy deposits and surface-wash into a running stream, is purely & modern work. It grew. out of the growth of large cities, in which, as they increased in ize and population, the odors and gases became so strong that they modern engineering skill had not devised the system of connections and discharges. They have proved the greatest and most efficient of all sanitary mensures. They have absolutely conquered some diseases, and mitigeted many others. They have oleaned the citics, and purified the water and the sir. In London and Paris most wonderful results have been accomplished by this health-giving system. Berlin is suffering some becauso of a want of outlet. Chicago wonld to-day have been un- inhabitable had it not been for the system of underdrainaga which was commenced by Gen. WeBsTEE, os President of the Sewerage Board, twenty years ago, in connection with Mr. Cmesoroucm. That work, commenced sbout the sams time as the London system, shows results proportionstely as great, and has reclnimed the city from its primitive fover-breeding swamps, and mede it one of the henlthiest cities of the world. Since the fire mearly 4,000 acres have been drained. The South Side, with the exception of some partsof Bridgeport, is completely drnined, and most of the thickly.settled parts of the North and West Sides are finiched,—the extension of sewerage now being meinly confined to the northwest and southwest sections of the city. We have, therefore, fully as ‘| much cause for congratulation as the Lon- donevs,—perhaps mors 80, when it is consid. ered that the whole city has been reclaimed from the swamps, and bas been lifted up in order to be drained. With our splendid sys. tem of drainage and with a watersupply such as no other city in the world has, our bills of mortality have been so reduced that Chicago is to-day the healthiest and most de- lightful city in the United States. It is this fact which makes Chicago such a pleasent ‘place of summer resort ; and if, as the oldest inhabitants and some of the doctors are now predicting, the mild, open winter is to be followed by an unhealthy season, Chicago will offer her pure air, health-giving breezes, and crystal water as inducements for the aftficted to come hete.., However unhealthy the sen- son may be elsewhere, Chicago will be a Tefuge, proof against epidemics of any sort,— a result which is largely due to our excellent system of underdrainage. PROF. CAIENZS. The indebtedness of the Americans to the late Prof. Canyes, the most eminent of En- glish logicians and economists after Jomw Stuagt Miwr, for his espousal in England of the Union causc at its darkest hour should be more widely appreciated in this country. Mr. Gronge WALKES, of New York, hias, in the last number of the Infernational Review, an ar- ticle which throws more clearly than it has been stated before how timely and great the service was that Camyes did the North. His book, entitled “ The Slave Power," and published in the second year of the War, ap- peared at a crisisin English opinion. Careses’ *¢ Slave Power” and Gaspipmy's ¢ Uprising of a Great People,” were the two most influen- tial arguments in favor of the Union that were addressed to the intelligent classes of Europe. Prof. Camyes had no American acquaintance or connections at the time he wrote the Slave Power. . His advocscy was on the 1nerits of the case. It was especislly valusble to the United States, as it came from one of the most eminent Free-Traders in England, and nt a time when Southern emissaries wers soliciting English sympathy for the South on account of the Protectionist tendencies of the North. Mr. Catrzes was more of & Free-Trader than Jomy Srouar Mz, who clung to his singulixly infelicitons end illogical concession to Protection in new countries and for young industries.. But Caxexzs saw and showed England that Pro- tection was not the point in issue between the North and South. What the real issue was be told in the following passage : Tho real and sufficient canse of the present position of affairs in North Amorica appears ta the writer to lio n the character of the Slave Power,—that system of interests, industrial, social, and political, which ha, for the greater periof half o century, directed the carecrof the American Unjon, and which, now em- bodied in the Southern Canfederation, secks admfs- sion, a3 an equal member, into the community of na- tions. If T do mot greatly mistake the impart of the considerstions which will be adduced in the following pages, their effect will be to show thst this Slave Power constitates the most formidable antagonist to civilized- progress which has appeared for many centurles: rep- Tesenting a system of soclety at once retrograde ana aggressive; a system which, containing within it no germs from which improvement can spring, gravitates inevitably towara barbarism, while it is impelled by exigenciea {nherent in its position and circumstances to & constant extension of its terntorial domain, The astness of the interests at stake in the American con- test, regardod under this aspect, appesr 1o me to bo very inadequately conceived in this countr; and the purpose of tne present work is to bring forward this aspoet of the case more prominently than has yet been done. The value of this presentation of our cass in England at that moment was incalculable, Mr. Warxer wns present at a conversation &t Mr. Mra's house, at which the question of negro suffrage was discussed. “3Ir. MiLL," sugs Mr. WALEER, * favored the im- mediste admission of megroes to the suffrage. ¢Y¥ou must choose,”hie says, ¢ between negro suffrage and military government; either the negro must be em- powered to protect humselt, thraugh the ballot-box, or the Federal Government must protect him by a stana- ingarmy.’ In answer to tho objection that the peopls of the Unlted States had already experiencod the evils of an ignorant suffrage, in the Irish vote, and dreaded 10 860 such suffrago enlarged, hesaid : ‘I admit that it 18 & choice of evils; but of the two, the negro vots is the least formidable, and it is one whieh yon may hopa to seo rapidly effaced by the good instincts of the ne~ g79, and biv smbition to educate himself and better his pondition; military government, on the other hand, would bo, for 5ou, sn unmixed evil; {t is antag- onistic to all {ke inatitutions of your countrs, snd & ‘hoalthy reconstruction of the South conld hardly pe effectod nnder its suspices.’ Anerticle in Macmillan’s Magazine, in which Prof. Camys powerfully advocated negro suffrage, was the result of this talk. Mr. ‘Warxen’s estimate of Mr. CAmyes' workis un. doubtedly correct when hosaysthat, Taking the whale series of these publicationstogether, there is nothing in the Lterature of England or America which will carry into history, in 80 condensed a form, the real issues of the American Civil War;” and itis noteworthy that they were wrought out in the secluded life of a student wholly unknown to the Preree Leroux and GEOnce Sasm, and also wrote aseries of novels in the style of GEorge Saxp, as well a3 o Histoire de 1a Revolution de 1848, Trois Journees dz Iayie de Mirm Sruarr, Florencs et Turin, and Daxre et Goz¥me. One of her strongest claims to celebrity, however, grows out of her domestic relations. After her marriage to the Count p’Acourt she traveled extensively through Europe, and during this tour separated from her husband end placed herself under the protection of Laszr, the pisnist, by whom she had many children, ameng them Cosrs, who married Dr. Haxs Vo Burow, was divorced from him, and is now the wife of Ricmanp Waaser. The Countess was sub- sequently reconciled to her husband, and re- gained her social standing in Paris. A SUNDAY-MORRING LECTURE, ‘There are two classes of tax-payers, which may be called, for the lack of a better desig- That is to say, there aroa comparatively small num- ber of property-owners and business men who pey the great bulk of local taves ; then there is the numerous class of mechanics, clerks, and laboring men, who, owning but little property, apparently pay few taxes or none, but really sustain their full share of the burden, 8s we shall show farther on. Ageinst both these classes is arrayed a third class, known as tax-eaters, on outgrowth of our modern political corruption, and made up mainly of men who cannot earn a living in any other way, or, at least, do not want to,— men withont trade, bosiness, or profession, and unwilling to encounter the toil incident to the ordinary struggle for existence. This horde of tax-eaters in Chicago has increased steadily and enormously for the past few years, until they are now counted by the thousand, and they are supported at a cost of nearly 35,000,000 annually, including county, city, and town taxes, or nearly as much money as it cost to defray the expenses of the TUnited States Government under President Apays’ Administration. They make common cause against all the fax-peyers, but not elways in the same'way. They make an open war on the apparent tax-payers in the con- sciousness that they connot get their support under any circumstances, but they conciliate that class who apparently pay but little or no taxes, and secure their votes under the misapprehension that tax-eating in no wise affects their interests, These tax-eaters can only be defeated by the opposition of both classes of tax-payers, and it should be the eim of municipal reformers to pnite them to nation, the visible and the invisible. 1his end. i First, as to the apparent tax.payers,—the property-owners and business men who pay over the money to the City and County Collectors: These gentlemen have cultivated the habit heretofore of ignoring local politics es ‘something beneath their notice. They have supposed that they could not descend to an actual personal contact with local po- litical affairs without soiling their garments and conaminating their morals. They havo conceived that to mingle in ward meetings, attend primeries, and put in an sppearance at conventions, would be to associate them- sclves witR the bummers, and that such as- socistion would damage them in a busi- Fortunately this class its foolish Inxury of pride too costly to indulge in this respect. It has discovered that holding aloof from Jocal politics can only be done at the cost of actaal confiscation of property. The spparent tax-payers hava determined, there- fore, to go into politics. They are joining the ward clubs. They are pledging them- selves to go to the primaries. They ars willing to do political work at which they have heretofore elevated their noses. They have made up their minds to do whet they can to reduce the rank growth they have en- couraged by their inattention. They are persunded that at least one-third of the smount of money that is expended annually for the support of the City and Couaty Gov- ernments can be saved, and they are going sbout the work with a will and with a judg- ment thet have been notably lacking for ress and sogial wey. of citizens is overcoming prejudice. It has found the maoy years. country whose interests he esponsed, and wholly unconnected with it by personal ties or eympnthies. This justifies the euloginm pronounced upon Prof. Camxes by one of his early associates and constant friends: I have never known o man who was a more sincere lover of justice, or a more earnest in- quirer after scientific truth. Mr. Warkes bhas done the American publie s service in making others better acquainted with s0 good and true a friend. b e —— 1t will be remembered that a few days since the cable telegrams announced the death in Paris of Aarm D2 Fravieny, Countess D'AcouLT, who had attained considerable ce- lebrity in letters by the works she produced under the zom de plume of *“ Daniel Stern.” She was born at Frankfort-on-the-Main in 1805, was educated in Paris, and in 1897 mar. ried Count HEecTor Pmmarre p’Acovrr. She was the anthor of a novel entitled * Nelids,” published in 1845, contributed pa- Ppers on Germany to 8 review founded by M. invested. He doesnot build. There is then aloss of that amount of money to the brick- makers, the stone-cutters, the lumbermen, the masons, carpenters, roofers, and mechanics and laborers of all kinds who would be em- ployed during the suramer in the ereotion of a building if it were not for the outrageous levy of the tax-thieves. Yetit is ‘probable that every one of the voters who might have had employment at good wages but for tho excessive taxation had voted at the previous nlech‘on"with the tax-thieves and against- the tax-payers. If the ef. feet of iheir ~voles were properly explained to them they would without doubt cat looss from the thx-eaters, with whom they have no interest {in common. Take a mannfacturer, for another instance, who is desirous of extending his works, but is re. strained from doing so by the excess of taxa~ tion ; he not only declines to extend his busi- ness, but he retrenches in every way he can to enable him to offset the burden of taxes. He runs his works on short time, he rednces the number of his employes, and cuts down wages. In every ong of these cases the laboring men suffer in the same proportion s their employers. So with machine-shops, and Fupply—stores, and wholesale business of all kinds: the salaried classes must perforce share with the moneyad classes the hardships incident to over-taxation. . The property-owners can best serve their own interests and those of the city by taking steps to bring the fact home to those who apparently pay no tsxes that every man, whether he owns Pproperty or not, and whether he is in business for himself or works on wages, i8 in point of fact a tax- payer, unless he holds offics or in soms other Way possesses himself of a part of the pub- lic moneys raised by taxation. To. put the whole case curtly, every man isa tax’payer who is not a taz-eater, and every man is in- terested in & reduction of taxation who does: In order to insure the success of the war upon tax-thieves, however, it is necessary to ‘have the co-operation of at least a portion of that lnrge class of voters who are ignorant of the fact that they help to pay the taxes, and who have been steadily voting against their own interests and with the .tax- eaters. It should be the aim of the property-owners and business men who have atrlast developed some concern in Jocal poli- ties to explain to the laboring and salaried classes who think they pay no taxes how se- riously their interests are really affected. Take the case of 4 man who owns an unim- proved piece of property, and wio refuses to build on it because he knows thst ke cannot bear the extra burden of taxation. He re- fuses to increase his tax list by $100,000, which wo will say his improvements would cost, conscions that he cannot get encugh rental {o enable him to pay4ors per cent taxes and ecarn a fair interest on the money THE CHICAGO 'TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, MARCH 12, 1576—SIXTEEN PAGES. dollars to the taxes of the city for a police ‘when money has to be borrowed topay inter- | would soon have become uninhabitsble if not actually live on the taxlevy. The dom. force which already costs far too much. Is all this because the editor of the Times and the gentleman who enjoys the sinecure known as City Marshal happen to be cronies? it because Mr. Stoney has arrived at that time of life verifying the adage * Once a man, twice a child”? If sop there ought to be some truth in the rumored sale of the Zimes. onstration of this political proposit which is almost axiomatic and Only neegy demonstration to those most ignorant, oy lead away from the influence of the tax-eatery the messes who have been voting with than by zeason of a nearer approach in the socig} scale and under the common Tesentment £y against property-owners and capitslists, Bat ‘human nature is as selfish among the working classes s among the capitalists, and, if tha former can be convinced that they pay just asmauch taxes in proportion to their Capecity and condition s the millionaire, theywmm hesitate to desert the cause of the tax-thie and they will clamor s loudly as anybody g, o reduction of the taxlevy. LIZUT. WALLACE GRANAY, U. 8. ¥, Alarge circle of friends both in the East gn} West, 23 woll 23 his companiona in the Nayy, Lave been pained at the sudden desth of Liey, WALLacE GEamAw, wha has besn 40 officer of the Gmted States steamer Michigan for the Pasg yearor two. He had received orders from thy XNavy Department the very day he was gick to report for duty on board of the Tateq States training-ship Juniata ss Navigator, o poeition for which he was in every way ye) fitted, and to which he had looked formard with pleasure. He was detasined by an Attaek of preumonis, and this terminated in death threg days after. Lieut. GRamax was anative of New Yosx, entered the Navy Dec. 6, 181, and way sappointed to & Lieatenancy in 1869. During thy fifteen years of his service, bis tall figure, com. manding presence, thoroagh education, and gz~ acting diecipline, had made him conspi among the young men of the Navy, ‘whila hig amisble disposition and affable maoners Bad endered bim to el the officers wity whom he was associated. Mr. Gramy had frequently visited Chicago, and heg formed many plessant friendships in this eity, There were formal foneral services in Eris, where the Michigan is stationed at present, g the remaing were accompanied to the station by the officers, marines, and crew, in full wniforn and with draped colors. The body was broughy to Chicago for interment, to gratify the desirs of Lieut. Geauax’'s only sister, 3irs. N.K. F at whose residence the funeral services were hald last Wednesday, when Dr. Lockk officiated. Thy pali-bearers were Lieut.-Gep. Smzmmax, Cal Fanrpaw, Maj. BUNTINGTOY, and Messrs. E. K Hopsarp, J. K. Fisues, and Cuarres Furrzs 70x, all personal friends of the deceased. Lient GRauAN leaves & young widow, the dsughter of Dr. Joux Brysaz, of Watertown, N. Y., to moury with his father, mother, sister, brother, and many friends to whom his fine traits of charsetsy bad endeared him. PERSONAL. . 1. D. Conway was to have salled for Earops Yesterday. ¥z Hydrogram is the new name for dispatches by ‘water cable. A meter of James E. Murdoch is preparing u sppear oo the stage. 3 Whisper it mot in the ears of Smith—Cluy Lowso Keilogg wéighs 175 pounds. The Philadelphis Bulletin suggests that Cabi net officers be required to use the bell-punch, Gov. Tilden graduated at Yale in the classof 1837. No gradusate of Yals has ever been Pregi- dent. Fanenil Hall was rebuilt in 1303, and it is ndl now a good'place to expend Centennial enthusic asm in. 8.8. Cox’s esssys on “American Humaz’ have put on their grave-clothes, sppearisg it book form. The fashion correspondents in Washiogton rs Jjoice that the Belknap exposure was 0ot mads until the fag end of the season. It 18 understood tha: Genet, the New Yord riog thief, will soon return to New York, having Teceived sssurances thag he will be given a ligh! sentence. Mr. Breesford Hope reports a bslancs of $1,20 remaining from the Stonewall Jackson statut fund, and requests Gov. Eemper to designate what use it shall be pat to, . Caleb P. Marah tolda reporter of the Bostor Journal in Montreal thet he proposed soon t& ‘repare for the press » foll statement concern ing his knowledge of the Bellknsp affair. It i8 said that the firm of Grant & Shermania Washington will shortly begin the liquidation of its business ; and thia ia said to be the ressan for Col. Grant's resuming his military duties. J. Carson Brevoort, of Brooklyo, has been sp pointed Supermntendent of the Astor Library. The scholarly attaioments of 3lr. Brevoort areck the highest order, and he is 8aid to ownons of th best private libraries in Brooklyn. Ths civil conrts of Belginm have decided that a marrisge contracted betwaen an unfrocked abbe and a foreign woman cannot be annulled. pro- vided the ceremony take place ont of the coun~ try and be freely entered into by both parties. The subscriptions for the relief of the suffers ers from the innndstions in France, almost e tirely rsised among the French people, amount to 27,612459 franca. Reduced to dollars, this sum overtops the Chicago Rolief Fuud “bya large majority.” The Maharajsh of Bardwan in Indis forwarded to the editor of the London Zimes a draft to cover tk:a expenses of presenting a silver medsd to each of the persons who diatinguished them- selves Dy acts of bravery at the burning of the training-ship Goliath. Afrs. Hough, who recently died in Alexandris, Ps., aged 97, voted for Thomas Jafferson for President. At that time she lived in New Jersol, and the Iaws of that State then sliowed aoy pa 800, whether man or woman, with & certsia property qualification to vote. The attendance of Queen Victoris and two of her danghters upon the fanersl of Lady Augus- ta Stanley, wife of the Desn of Westminster was an unosual honor, it beiog the castom o Royalty, even in the case of parsons of the bigt~ et rank, to be representsd on such oceasions by state carrizges and court functionaries. ‘The New York Times publishes in parallet cob umos the Tribune’s articles on the dspsrturs and the retara home of Schonck. Whea Scheack went_away, the then editor of the Tribune i an_entbusiastic admirer of his life, charcteh and public sorvices. He has, it must be o0~ feased, given his friends abundamt pro to become his enemies. The Providence Journal tella stary of 8 - borer who fell in some form of &t, grew #tf and cold, and was supposed to be dead. HowM carried to the shop of an undertaker, sad P3¥ immediately ioto & cofiin, and the 1id Wwas $cIe¥- ed down, preparatory to removing bim to b residenco. Bofore his removal, he recovered from his fit, kicked the coffin to pieces, sad ™ turned to his work. Nathaniel McKay, a Philadelphis politicis? charged with stealing material from the Ns% Yard, recently mot the city editor of the Timeh the paper in which the charge was made, 8t lard’s Hotel in Washington. The editor nll“d his band, but the politician responded with? blow. A fight followed, and the editor ™ badly whipped. It does seem that ho ¢ ‘matters to extremities when he offered bis o a man whom he had published as 8 thief. Col. Forney, among his other gifta to the No- tioal Museum at Independence Hall in PRt delphis, haa sent & curious contribution in 8 ehape of two ivory fans, each leaf pain oil; the work was done by Albert Darer Li Chilworth, Romsey, Hampshire, England: 05 fan represents * The Ladies of the ngmbl”‘; Court,” with American scenes. 'The pictures ! the Indies are nearly all afier portmaits. other has “The Ships of Old Englaad,” Wilh ZEnglish Eings and Queens, priests, L setc., end various ehells, corals, sud ses-planis: