Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 26, 1876, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE, ATES OF RUBSCDIPTION (PAYADLE IN ADVANCE). Postagé Prepald hiin O Oaily Editlon, postoaid, 1 year. Partiof yeara B!fildv.d %"’ 2ddress FOUR WEEKS W Parta of your at stms rate, WERXLY EDITION, POSTPAID, eapy, par year. fibet i e it The pastags (s 10 conta & yoar, which we will prepay. Bpecimen coples sent froa, To prevent delay and mistakes, ba wure and sirs Post- Office addross In fall, {nelading State aud County. . Ramiitances may ba made eithor by draft, express, Poat-Office order, or In registered lolters, at our rlsk, TENMS TO CITY SUDSCRINERS. Daily, delivored, Bunday exceptod, 20 cents por wesk, ally, deliversd, Banday fneluded, 30 centa por wock. + Address TILR TRIBUNE COMPANY, Gornor Madison aod Dessborn-sts., Chlosgo Iil. AMUSEMENTS. MeVIORER'S THEATRE—Madison streel, belwean Dearborn snd Btate. Engagement of Joln T. Ray- mond, # Qol, Mulberry Sellers.”” Atiernoon and sventog, HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randolph atreet, between Olark and LaSalle. The mlllomllplflnll:;h. Afler- Doon and evening, ADELPHI THEATRE—Deatborn _street, _corner Monroe, Varlety performance. Aftornoon sud evening, WOOD'S MUSEUM—-Monroo street, botween Dears bborn and Ntate, “* Wild BilL" Aftornoon and evening. ACADEMY OF MUSIO—Iialated street, bolween Madison and Monroe. Tho Heywood Combination, Afternoon and evonlug. The @hieage Tribume. Saturday Morning, February 26, 1876. WITH SUPPLEMENT. A continunuce of mild wenther is pro- dictod. Greenbncks, at the Now York Gold Ex- chango yestordny closed at 87}, — If Bascock, Luorer, nnd Drrr are oll shelved, ond Bristow and WitsoN remain, 08 the programme is now stated to bo, it can searcely ba regarded a3 a brilliant viotory for the Whisky Ring thioves and their support- ors and npologiats, They would vastly pre- fer that the arrangement should bo oxactly roversed. It seoms that all tha corresponconce in the mattor of the Emma Mino seandal and Gen. BcmeNer's proposed rosignation was not fur- nishod by tho State Department to tho Houso Committeo. A roport ombodying an recount of tho progress so far made will ba submit- ted to the Houso, and tho Committeo will ask leave to pursuo tho investigation still fur- ther, Astounding dovelopments aro foreshadowed by the House Committeo on Judicinry as tho rosult of tho Momphis & El Paso inquiry, Tha Congressmon implieated will pattorn after Biu Kiva and Sonruaraxen and onter a plea that their acts previous to becoming members of this Congress aro not within its Jjuristiction; but that is no reason why peo- plo should not ho astoundod. Tho nawmes, if you please, ’ A motion for amow trial was yesterdny on. tored by the counsel of Mr. Wirrran MoKz, who is undor conviction for complicity in the St. Louls whisky frauds. The opplica- tion for a rchearing is based upon the gronnd that Huan F. Soxrns, ono of the jurors in tho cnse, pravions to the trial oxprossed his beliof in MoKee's guilt. Affidavits and conn- ter-aflidavits will be filed, and tho decision of the Court will be rondered about tho 20th of March, - e —— Nevadn and Povomnack ore delighted to know that Sonator Smanow has at last renched ‘Washington, taken his seat, and is propared to volo and draw his pay and mileage. No- vada is glad, becauso sho has her full Sen- atorial represontation for tho first time since Branon's election, two years ago, and Pron- 34cx is exuberant in anticipation of seouring tho vote of tho Nevada nabob on his admis- slon. Butitis hinted that Smanox may not . vote with that crowd, e — Plymonth Church mnade merry Inst ovoning at the expense of Bowey, whom the brothren Jibed and joered and verbally excoriated with groat gusto, There were plonty of mirth provoking speechios, and laughter and op- plause wero of momontary oceurronce, Mr. Boeanvan ssid n very funny thing ‘nbont the testimony of a dend ‘woman, and :the congregation was convulsed with merri- aacut, which the pastor's Pocksniffian appenl Aor gravity and solomnity sorved rather to sheighton than diminish. It was ono of the most enjoyable and refreshing poriods of ro. Migious exaltation that Plymouth Ohurch has oxporienced since the disffrecment of the jury in tho scandnl trial. Not a Littlo stir hins beon erontod among the mombers of the Ropublican National Com. mitteo by the discovery that enterprising epeculntors havo got o * corner” on the Cin. «cinnnti hotel accommodations, and will extort dieavy protits from delogates and visitors, In ,view of this fact tho Committomen aro onr- \nestly considoring the proprioty of reconsid- \ering the votoby which Cincinnati was chosen a4 the placo for holding the Convention, and of designating Chicago instead. 1t is belioved !t!xnt & majority of the Committeo is already Haovorably inclined to this step, and that it 18 ‘within the province of the Committeo to re- scind its provious actios The second day's work of the Common Council on the aunual estimates is, like tho lrst, notable and gratifying for ita serupulous wersistonce In the policy of cconomy, In dealing with the estimates ‘of the Board of Mealth large reduotions wero mado, and a Klisposition was manifested to go oven further {and disponae with the sanitary police rystem, d to transfor its duties to the rogular police force. 'The atmosphere of the Council Oham- i beer is redolent with rotrenchment just now, and the tax-payers begin to take courage once «more, A featuro of yesterdsy's Couneil pro- ceedings was the'sdmirable showing mado by Qr, Fevron, Buperintendent of the House of Correction, demonstrating his rare exceutive |ability in placiog that institution on o basis l;: nearly self-sustaining. The Bridewell will fbe no burden upon the City Tronsury this ear, a8 Mr, FeLroN announcea that tho un- -expended balance will ba sufficient for the nceds of the establishinent. § e A ‘The Chicago produce markots were general- 1y on the downward tarn Yyesterdsy, Mesa -pork was nctive and 15@200 per brl lower, «<losing at $21.10 for Mnrch and §21.92}@ 21,85 for April. Lard was tame and 10@160 per 100 b8 lower, closing ot $12.60 cash and 12,80 for April. Meats were quiet and ,onsler, “closing at Bjo for boxed sho 11fe for do short ribs, and 1o far do shart THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1876—TWELVE PAGE clears, Highwines were quict and unchanged, at 81.06 per’ gallon. Flour was dull and onsier, Wheat wns netive and declined 1}@ 20, closing nt $1.10} cash and 97§o for March. Corn was dull nnd o lower, closing at 4140 cash and 41jo for March. Oats wore mora nctive and {@jo lower, closing at 81}c eash and 31 for March. Rye was dull at 65@ G540, Barloy wasnctivennd3olower, closingat hio eash and 643c for March, Hogs were quiat and 100 lowsr, with the bulk of sales at $7.90 8.10. Cattle were active and firm, Bheep were in good demand at Thureday's prices. One hundred dollars in gold would buy 8114 in greonbacks at the closo, The passnge of the bill in the Sonate nu. thorizing tho Secrotary of the Trensury to is- sue £500,000,000 of 4} per cont bonds, and sell them at parfor the redemption of an equal amount of € por cont 5-20 bonds, isa wise movement, and it will probably bo pro- ductive of the resulta desired to bo attained, if the House will concur in it. 'The torm of thesa bonda is fixed at thirty yoars, and the Govornment has been assured that 43 per cent bonds can be sold at par if the Govern- ment will mako them run for that length of time, If tha project succoeds, there will ba an additional snving of $7,600,000 in the an- nual intorest, and the credit of the Govern- ment will bo improved proportionately. The Democratic majority of tho House, protend- ing to bo interested in the reduction of ex- penses and the improvement of the national crodit, cannot rensonably nor consistently re- fuse its assent to this measure, Gen, Bancocs’s acquittal by the St. Louis jury is dostined to produce a result not genernlly anticipated, though its fitness and propricty will scarcoly be challenged. The President, though firm in his belief in tho integrity of his confidentinl secorotary, was assisted by the developments of the trinl in arriving At the conclusion that Gen. Ban- coox had been guilty of offlcial indiscration, and, presumably, that his nctions had ro- flected unfavorably upon tho Administration. Tho samo process of rensoning seoms to have beem employed with referenco to Col Luckey, who has been the Presldout's pri- vato seerotary in fact, though not nominally holding that position, It was announced yesterdsy to the Cabinet that President Gnaxt hnd concluded to dispense with tho sorvices of Messrs. Bancocx and Luckxy in their confldential eapacity ns private secro- taries. It was also doetermined to removo District-Attornoy Dyzr, whoso langunge in his closing argument in the Bascock trial s given gravo offense to thoe President and the Cabinct. THE DEMOCRATIC FINANCIAL MEABURE. ‘I'ho Intest information from Washington ia to tho effect that the Democratic mombers are settling down to n proposition to abolish that part of the Resumption law which fixes o day for resumption, and providing for tho accnmulation in the Treasury of 820,000,000 to $30,000,000 of gold annually, which, whon it renches $300,000,000, shall bo paid out in tho redemption of greenbscks. This, or substantially this, proposition is considered g certain to be tho Democratic mensure, it that party con agreo on anything. Tho point aimed at is tho eventunl resump- tion of specio poyments by tho rotirement of tho greonbacks,—a very plain and direct ro- sult, to nttain which thero is such o diversity of plovs, Thoe misfortuns of all plans pro- posed in Congress «and by cowardly politi- cions is that cach plan has for its real pur- poso to postpone and eventunlly defoat the declarcd object; and this Domocratic schome is no objection to tho rule, Tho troublo with someo of our best men is thnt, baving read of how specio paymonts wero restored in England, they got tho iden that wo must follow the same course, ignor- ing the fact that tho circumstances wero wholly diffcront. At tho close of the long Napoloonio wars England waslargely in dobt, and espeoially to the Bank of England. Sho at once fundod her various obligations ; sho kad, howover, not o shilling of outstanding legal-tendor paper money. We have 2370,- 000,000 of national paper money a logal- tender ; Groat Britain had none. Tho ques- tion in England was, How shall the Govern- ment aid the privato capital of the people to resume specie payments? With us it is How shall tho Government providoe for ita own dis- credited and fluctunting paper monoy? Tho Government handoed over to the Bank, as a collateral for ita own dobt to tho Bank, n certain amount of national bonds,—say $100,- 000,000,—and authorized it to issus notes therefor, pound for pound, and also to issuo notes for each pound of gold it might have onhand, In England it was How shall thé Bank boenabled to resumo? In this conutry it is What sball the Govornment do with its irrodeomablo notos, and thus remove theonly obstaclo in the way of general resumption by the banks ? In Franco, at tho closo of the Iate German war, the Government borrowed three hun- dred and six millions of dollars of tho notes of the Bank of Franco, promising to repay thom in cortain installmonts; these notes wero mado legal-tenders, and the Government has repaid thres of the seven installmonts, ond tho Bank has burned an oqual amount of ita currency, ot the same timo honrding gold, that by tho time the Government has repaid its dobt tho Bank may resumo specio pay- ments. In nelther of theso cases oro the ciroum. stances analagous to thoso which oxist in tho United States, Tho most direct, certnin, and cheapest modo of rotiring tho greenbacks is to offer in exohiange for them o bond bearing a low rato of intorest ; and the specinl frionds of the greenbacks prodict—and we lave no doubt correctly—that they would promptly seck in- vestment ina 8.65 bond. 'The Hocrotary of the Treasury has no doubt that ho can nego- tiste o 4} por cent lonn at parin gold, ana thero is hardly a doubt that the 8.65 gold. interest bond could bo sold ot parin cur. roney, But the indirect way scoms to bo preferred, and tho consolidated wisdom at Washington proposes that the Government shall tax the people $30,000,000 annually for ten yeors, and that this tax in gold shall be hoarded anid kept idle until it reaches $300,000,000, when it shall bo pald out for groembacks. The United States have outstanding hundreds of milliona of gold bouds, bearing 6 per cent interest, which it haa the right to call inond redeem, Hoarding gold is therefore equal to paying 6 per cent interest thereon. It this gold wero applicd annually to the re- demption of ¢ per cent gold bonds, the ag- grogate sum saved at simple interest in the ten years would be $97,000,000, At com. pound interest, tho amount would be much greater—over 140,000,000, or nearly 60 per cent. The gold-hoarding plan, therefore, is, stripped of ita dolusions, nothing more nor loss than to invest §830,000,000 of greenbacks sonually at par in gold bonds bearing 6 per / cent intorest, This is a roundabout way of avoidivg the investment of the samo notes in aboud bearing 8.95 per cont interest. The promium on indirection is at the rato of 2,35 per cont interest annually, To redeom nll tho groenbacks by the method proposed by the Domocrats will cost 6 per conton 878 millions of groenbacks, wlioreas, it funded at the option of the people into 8.65 por cent bonds, there would boa gaining of $8,765,000 por annum until the national dabt is paid. But thesa gentlemen say their object is to avoid contraction. If the $%10,000,000 gold annually takon from the people be locked up or buried, it will bo just ng much contraction ns if the samo amount of currency was re- tirod; but if tho gold was paid out for noles as received, thero would bo no contraction, be- causo tha gold would equal the greenbacks retired, Ience, it is not necessary to lock up the gold for ten or fifteen years and pro- duce a gold stringency in both Enrope and America, which wonld disturb nll values and depreciato tho valuo of the greenbacks, Locking up ho gold is even a greator con. traction than burning an equal nmonut of dollars in currency, to the oxtent that the purchasing power of the gold in tho hands of tho people will be greater than that of tho poper. To fund the currency in to .05 bonds would leavo tho gold in circulntion, and to satisfy the debtor class, and to enable them to pny their paper contracts in paper, the bonds themselves might be made legal-ton- ders for all debts contracted befors thoir issue, nud this would provent all contraction, ‘Thon relenso the banking capital of the coun- try from tho absurd restrictions which now provent tho issue of gold notes st a profit, and the banks will farnish an abundance of gold-noto currency and redeem it on demand. But this is too plain, simple, businesslike, and gensiblo for the comprehension of the aver- age Congreasman, who wants something com- plex, mysterious, and wonderful, Of all the schemes tho gold-honrding plan is the most objectionablo, the most costly, and the most hazardons. , It proposes the storage in the Treasury nf thirty millions of gold an nually, there to romain accumulating during ton seasions of Congress, five differont Con- gresses, and covering two Presidential clec- tions; with claimants in tho lobby demanding fiftoon hundred millions of dollars; with con. struction companies nsking for, subsidies; with evory town, village, and city asking pub- lio buildings; with incossant demands for digging out creoka that thoy msy bo inado navigablo rivers; with tho construction of harbors of refugo in evory valloy, with slack- ‘water navigation connocting thom with the iwo oceans, and with o comprehonsive plan to irrigate overy acro of land west of tha Missouri River from tho line of tho Union Pacifle Railrond to the Mexican boundary ; to 8oy nothing of tho purchase of the Sandwich Islands, the West Indies, and two-thirds if not the whole of Moxico. How long would sixty, ninoty, or o ‘hundred millions of un- productive gold be permitted by Congresa to Ho idlo in the Treasury when such limitloss opportunities wero offered to place it where | it would do tho most good ? No Congress would cver have the strongth to resist tho tomptation offored by this vest smount of hoarded gold to spead it. It would bo a constant inducoment to frand, and long be- foro tho expiration of tho torm of ton years tho hoarding ast wonld be repealed, and tho accamulation squanderod, and specio pay- ments would bo a3 remoto ns ever. THE INDIARA PLATFORM AND THE TARIFF, The quostion of taxation was disposed of by two of the sections of tho Indiann Re- publican platform, which'rend aa follows : 10. A country so bountifully suppliod sa ours is with all tho sourocs of wealth, possessing unsurpsssed capacity for production, overy necossary facllity for the growth of mechianto ard msnufacturing arts, cod all the sgencics of Iabor, needs only the fostering atd ot the Government to cstablish ita matorisl prosperity upen a durablo beats, In our opinion, theroforo, it is tho duty of tho Governmeut 80 to regulato tho rovenuo systemas to givo oll needful encouragement to our sgricultural, mochaulc, and mining and manufactur- Ing cntorprise, 80 that barmonious relstions may be permanently establishod betwoon labor and capital, and just remuncration be sccured o both, 11, In our opinion it is tho duty of the Government in passing lawa for raaing revenuo to so lavy taxcs s togive the greateat posndls exemption fo articles of primary neccasity, snd to placo them most heavily upon luxurios and tho wealth of the country, The resolutions follow the general stylo of tho interminable platform adopted by the In- diana Convention, and it is possible that tho ambiguity and obscurity of oxprossion are duo fo the involved sentences and absurd verbosity, and not to any doliberato purpose to confase tho senso of tho resolutions and loave thom suscoptiblo of two constructions. At all events wo prefor to regard them in this light, If the first of tho two resolutions we have quoted stood alone, it might bo con. strued to mean an indorsoment of the perni- nicious and coatly fallacy of ultra protection; baot intorproted in the ndditional light of tho second, it is ovidently in favor of rovenuo re- form, After gotting forth the cnpacity and re. sources of the country, the first resolution invokes tho ** fostering aid" of the Govern- ment, aud advises **all needfnl encourago- mont" to tho various agricultural, mechan- {eal, mining, and manufacturing intorests, It isleft to dotermine, thon, what is mennt by ‘*fostering nid” and **needful “encourage- ment" from the Government, It is the province of Government, with its army and nnvy, (1) to protect its citizens in their per- sonal and properly rights from foroign inva. sion; (2) to imsure penco and order nt Liome, quoll riots, suppress insurroctions, and keop the Indians in subjection ; (8) to carry and diffase the mils; (4) to grant patonts and protoct inventora ; (5) to coln monoy, and generally to protect Amor- can citizena at Lomo or abroad in his consti- tutional and national rights; (8) to collect taxes for theso purposes in the most cconom. {eal and uniform manner and with tho least poasiblo burden to the people, If thero is no dispute as to these being the primary func- tions of Government, then it follows that “fostering ofd” and “needfnl encourage- ment ™ can best bo afforded by that systom of taxation which ghall yleld sufficiont rove. Do ta the Government with tho amallest cost of collection nnd the least waste of the peo- ple's woney, In this sense of tho words, *!fostering aid” and “needful encournge- ment " can bo best given to the greatest num. bar of citizens by repealing the taxes on arti- cles which prohibit their purchaso at cheap prices and coerco tho paymont of high prices, not to the Government, but to the *go. culled” protected classes, ‘I'he succeoding section warrants this con- struction of the first resolution, because it advises for,the ralsing of revenue “to g0 lovy taxes as to give the greatest possible ezemp. tion to articles of primary mnecessity” Tho strict adhorence to this rule would soggest either the absolute repeal or an enormous reduction of the dutios now levied on under. clothing, hosiery, blankets, boots, shoes, Lats," caps, cheap cottons, men's, women's, nnd childran’s wear, and clothing of all kinds, spool throand, buttons; tho iron and steel used in the manufacturo of machinery, tools, cutlery, houschold utonsils, agricultural im. plemonts; glasa ; every manner of dyoa; chomionls and drugs, such as quinine among tho lattor and sodn-ash smong tho formor, which is among the most usoful nnd noces- eary incidents to manufaoturing. Theso and many other nrticlos which might bo enumer. ated ns of “primary necossity” aro now outrageously taxed, many of thom in auch n dogres as to Do prohibitory of importation, nnd thus giving the diffor. onco a8 n bounty to certain favored persons. The Indinna platform goes further and recommonds that the taxes be placed mainly “upon luxuries and tho wenlth of the country." That is to say, wines, brandios, liquors, and cordials of all kinds; perfumes, cosmotics, and the Fronch fancy goods; jow- olry ; cigara and tobaccos; nlso, on ten and coffee, and sugar to a moderata extent; and, in a word, all thoso articles which ean be disponsed with as of a luxurions or quasi- luxurious charaater, ought to boar tho burdon of taxation, v This is tho exnct programmo of all who are in favor of reforming tho revenue, and it hos been sustained heortily by Tne Tamoxs in the pnst ns it will boin the future, We aro glad to note that Mr. Monron's State can 10 longer bo counted by the adherenta of the destructive protection theory as infooted with their manis, which hns thrown 1,000,000 people out of employment, and brought the country to the vergo of bankruptoy. THE CITY APPROPRIATIONS, The Common Council began their work sitting s o Committes of the Whole on the Appropriatious in n mouner worthy of tho most unqualified approval. The osti- mates of tho Board of Education woro taken up first, and in disposing of theso tho Conn- <il oven developed moro disposition to econo- mizo than Alr, Haves had recommended in this department ; and if the same ratio bo maintained in other branches of tho city service, the Council will Lring the tax-lovy oven below tho 16 mills which tho Comp- troller placed ns tho outside limit. In the Boord of Edncation estimates, the following figures show the course of reduction which has been-taken : = Original estimates, {ncluding night achools,,$800,601,05 Tho Comptrollar's Toviaion, . <ov 676,000.00 ‘Iia Council's sppropriation.. Veess B0O,T6104 Of coursothionction takon by the Conncilns a Committeo of tho Whole is not final, but it is somuch gained that tho continued prossure of public opinion in favor of retrenchmant will constrain tho Council to nbide by the re- ductions. The items strickon ont wera as follows : ¢ Architect'a sorvicos Furnacon for now | 0,000 Iron rallings and iren gratin FT 00 Window.guards for new buildiugs... 500 Urinala or now buildings, and cleasi Turnitire for now buildings «clocks, and teachors' tables; Blackboard surface in new bulidinga. Luildings .. Appropriaticn for &chool pro ‘Appropristion for school For additional teachera. It was poculintly oncournging to find Mossrs, Currenzoy and Hinpzera on the sido of roduction. Itis n protty cortain in- dication that tho forco of public opinion hns assorted itself oven more than usual. The only dangor to be apprchonded is that the goneral sentiment in favor of reduction was owing to the fact that tho appropriations nn. der consideration wero for educational pur. poses, and that whon it comes to providing for the enlaries of those who are moro particu. larly tho politienl dopondenta on the city, and included in tho genoral patronage of the Al dermen, a good many who wero eagor for ro- tronchmont yesterday may not be so devoted to tho public interest ns to the interest of their frionds. Indeed, Ald, Oase reminded tho gentlomon that they bogan with the ap- propriations for 1875, but that, before tho budget was ontirely made up, they had nban. doned the principle of rotronchment alto. gothor, 1t is not safo, thorefore, to concludo that the same ratio of reduotion will bo main. tainod whon thoe Council comes to the Polico and Fire Dopartments, the Board of Publio Works, and other branches which control contracts and pay the salaries of tho political rotainers. 8till, it is to bo Loped tltey may be inducod to do eo. T ——— ENGLISH LAND MONOPOLY, Exactly 791 years ago, by tho order of the Norman, Wrtrtast the Conqueror, a consus was (aken of tho land-owners of tho Kingdom and tho quantity of land hold by each, the rosults of which are recorded in the famous Domesdsy Book, which is so sacredly guard. ed in the English Stats Paper Office. Sinco that time, however, no land consus has beon taken until tho present time, In that census, taken in 1085, tho whole number of land- owners was found to b 54,813, 'Tho popu. Intion of tho ontire island ot the timo was probebly about 2,000,000 of souls. Aftor the Inpso of nearly eight centuries, Parlisment, in 1872, ordered & second onumerntion of land-owners to be made, which has just been completed, and hos beon printed in two quar. to volumes with 1,800 pages of closoly-print- ed tabulated matter, This sccond Domesday Book was compiled owing to the porsistent ngitation of euch Liberal reformers as Jomy Briont, Mr, Coppex, Mr, Mity, and othors, Theso land reformers, basing thoir cstimates upon thoroturns of the consus of 1861, charged that tho soil of Eugland and Wales renlly belonged to only 80,000 persons; and upon this basis made such o farious onslaught upon tho ovils of land monopoly that the Govern. mont, in its own defense, was compelled to instituto n land consus. The returna of this census have now been given in the London Z'imes, and they bring ont some facts of ox- {rnordinary intorest as touching upon this tenure of land, which show that, whilo Mr. Brzant moy teohnfonlly err in nssuming that 80,000 persons own tho soil of England, ho is right in his general assumption that tho great bulk of tholand is ownod by a landed aris. tocraoy, gentry, and squircarchy, By way of prefaco wo may stato that tho total nrea of land in occupation (tho metropolis of London being excepted) is 84,000,000 ncres, and there are 1,600,000 ncres of commons and waste, The population (of England and Wales) in 1871 was 22,712,260 In o general way, the new Domesday Book shows that about 12,000 of tho largest propriotors own nearly 80,000,000 ncres of this amount; 100 own 8,850,000 acres, or overone-ninth of the entire Kingdom; 1,000 persons own an average of 8,000 acres each; 5,000 own an avorage of 8,000 ncres each; 6,000 own an averago of 2,000 acres each; and thero are about 1,000,000 persons who own somewhat mora thsn the six feot of ground necessary for 8 last resting-place. The classification thus far shows that 12,100 persons own 20,846,~ 000 out of 84,000,000 acres, leaving 4,164,000 acres, which aro owned as follows : 703,289 persons own Y than one acre each, ss, far ' ot {ustance, garden.patohes, housolots, etc., aggregating, say, 600,000 acres, and 257,471 persons own tho remaining 8,604,000 acres, of which number of parsons perhinps 250,000 will average Letwoen ono and five nores, and 7,471 a good many more acres than the 260~ 000 ownera of littlo patchea, Bomo of the detalls of this ownership are quite ns interosting as tho goneral facts. Out of tho 100 larguat private owners (who hold, it will ba remembored, 3,850,000 acros) thoro nare 47 hiolding 20,000 and upwards, but losa than 80,000 ncros; 27 holding 80,000 and up- wards, but less than 40,000 ncres; 8 holding 40,000 and upwards, but less than 50,000 acres; 8 holding 50,000 and upwards, but less than 60,000 acres; 8 holding 60,000 and up- ‘wards, but loss than 70,000 acros; 2 holding 70,000 and upwards, but loss than 80,000 ncres; 2 holding 80,000 and upwards, butloss than 100,000 acres; 8 holding 100,000 acros and upwards. Tho 12 Iargest owners, as ro- gards ares, aro the Duke of NonTnumpEea- 1AND, Duke of Drvoxsnrze, Duke of CLEVE- zaND, Bir W, W. Wrxn, Duko of Beororn, Earl of Oanusre, Duke of RuTuanp, Duke of LownsDary, Lord Lrconeretp, Earl of Powis, Earl Brownrow, and Earl of Denoy, The lands held by the Colleges of the Uni. vaorsitios of Oxford and Cambridge amount to 235,658 ncres, distributed through fifty- onoout of the fifty-four countics in England and Wales. The Ecclesiasticnl Commission- ers hold proporty in forty-nino counties, amounting to 149,882 acres. Tho Duchy of Cornwall holds 69,608 nores, and the Duohy of Lancaster 11,428 nored. i The rontals aro extrnordinary, ns will be soon by o fow instances, The average rontal of Innd in England and Wales is $15 per acro. Tho incomo of the 100 landed aristo- crats, who hdld 3,860,000 acres, therefore, is $67,7560,000 per annum. Tho Duko of Dev- oxsmne has en income of $1,2567,435; tho Duke of Beoromn, $5618,886; tho Earl of Drnoy, $709,035; the Earl of Oantste, §716,950; tho Duke of CLevraNp, $787, 655 ; the Colloges of tho Universities of Ox- ford and Oambridgo, the immense sum of $2,057,820; the Ecclesinatical Commission- ers, $1,666,040; the Princo of Waves, or tho Duchy of Cornwall, $166,460; and the Duchy of Lancaster, §104,710, Mr, Disnarrr, the Promier, {8 a small frog in tho puddle, own- ing but 1,001 nores, which yield him only $7,470, or $7.47 per acro. - The dincoveries of the new Domesdny Book sustain the chiarges of Mr. BrronT nnd the other land reformers ne to the monopoly of Innd ownorship and its oppressive charaotor- They show that while there nro 972,836 per. £ons who own Jand in England and Wales, oxclusivo of London, halding 84,000,000 acres, 12,100 of them hold 29,840,000 acres, and that tho remaining 4,160,000 acres ava held by 960,736 persons, leaving moro than 8,000,- 000 of heads of families who hold not a foot of ground. .The estimated rental of tho lands, necording to the London T¥mes, is closo apon $600,000,000 por annum; of this amount 12,100 hends of families, cut of a total popu. Intion of about 23,712,000 peopls, or 4,000,000 of familics, sbsorb $447,750,000, Is thisnot o land monopoly of the worst description? The London Times sceks to blunt tha forco of Mr, Baiony's arguments, based upon the es- timated 80,000 land.owners, by the quib. ble that the Domenday Book shows that thoro aro 972,836 parsons owning land in England and Wales. Mr, BniaaT answors this conclusivaly with the statomont: ¢ You got this grand total by an illusory rockoning, you count all tho smnll holdings of garden ground, tho patches of o fow yards or o fow roods, or of a quarier of an acre apieco, that are attached to houso property, but-these do not reprosont a propriotary that lives by pos- session.” Tha exclusion mado by Mr. Briamr ie justified by the foots brought outin the oonsus. 1t has confirmed his charges in lot- tr andin spirit. It shows that nearly nine- tonths of the total area of land in the King. dom is held by 12,000 pereons instcad of 80,- 000, as Mr, Braonz alleged. THE MORAL OF THE FRENCH RLECTION. ‘Wo havo already commented in o general woy upon the unoxpected Ropublican triumph in Franco, and pointed out the ro- sults which may flow from it if tho Fronch Republicans are only true to themselves, ‘Wo are now in possession of tha forelgn papors which contain tho substanco of M. GarnerTa's gpeoch at Lille, on tho 8th inst., whioh sounded tho koynote of tho vietory, and gives ua a clearor insight into tho charnc- ter of the election and tho policics of the Re- publicans for the future. In his speoch M. GaMpETTA Urges the nocessity of “a Repub- lican, Domocratio, Liberal, and proific ma- Jority in tho Lower House,”and explaing each of these adjoctives. By Ropublican he means progress, self-govornment, univeranl suffrago, and all that is the opposito of tho monarchical. Ho defines Democrats gs “‘men aiming at the intellectual and moral improve- mont and dovelopment of the masses, an un. worked hine, which perhaps contained facul- tios and aptitudes, withered by misory and ignorance, aud cnslaved or corrupted by ob- scurantism,” and * mon nnxious for tho boat distribntion of the financial, industrial, and cconomic forcos of the country, who, sacrl flcing nothing to chanco, procesded only from the known to the unknown, attempting only what wns possible, and percoiving always something to bo dono even in the bost of possible worlds,” His dofinition of Lib- eral is worth quoting entire. He snys: A Libozal s man advoeating Liberty of consclonce undor all #ts forms, respociful o all religions, profoss- ing for all of thom tho samo esternsl reapect, freo to follow any in his home or to decline them sil, respacte ful Lo thelr ministers, aa well a8 0 praciices springing remotely or closely from tho regular play of & ro- Aiglous, moral, or philosophical spirit, I also undar- atand by Liberal, not dispossd to allow any clorgy to ‘bocome & political faction contending with olher par- Ues, and trying to forco on them agents, acts, designs, or intornal or external pollcies, X mean that the Ohurcli should remain the Ohurch, ahould never de- acend into the Forum, and never entor Parlisments or Cablnots, Confined to its arcna of purcly spiritusl consolation, let it defeud ftself in that domaln, and nover come and sow discord in political affairs,—di- viding father and son, husband aud wifo, breathing ovorywhero Datrod and cslumny, That is not only tho French, but the Europesn peril. It threstens an- archy, dlsoruer, snd batrod, and endangers the fnter- esta both of soclety and of the Oburch, In thesa throe dofinitions are summed up the principles which underlio tho recent victory of the French Ropublicans, Thoy ore progress, eelf-govornment, the develop- mont of the matorial resources of France, the dissomination of enlightenment and gencral education among the people, the establish- ment of universal guffrago, the complete divorce of Church and State, the confinement of the atrife between theology nnd eclenco to the books, pulpits, and universitics, and the establishment of peace, order, and seourity, Theso are noble aims, and, if carred out, will mako Franco a strong and enduring power, It remaing to be scon, however, whether the French bave the faculty of govorning them- selves sufficiently to carry ont these great ye- forms, and whether they will not split into hopeleas factions as soon as thoy sariously commenco work, and thus allow thelr grest Inbors to drift into the hands of fanatica and impracticable visionarios. Itianot the first timo the French have had splendid oppor- tunities bofore them, bLut it is to bo hoped that the rainous experiences of tho past have by this timo taught them wisdom for the future. Tho recent Republican gathering in thia city on the occasion of the meoting of the Ropublican State Committeo was in many rospects the most notable that has beon held in Illinols for mony years, Thero wora sov- eral prominont gentlomen present from every Congrossional District in the Btato, and at tho gonoral meeting there were a thousand people prosent, and there would have bean moro if the hall had beon largo enough to hold moro. Undor those circumstances tho introduction, and unsnimous adoption amid choers, of the following resolution must be rogarded as particularly significant : Resolved, That the Republicans of Tllinols cordiaily indorso tho policy of tho Adminiatration n vigorously and {mpartially proseouting all persona gullly of come pliclty In frauds upon tho interns! rovenuo of tho Unlted States, and wo dcem worthy of spocial praiss the fidelity with'which the Government officors havs carried aut the {natructions of Presidont Gnaxc, Let no guilty man eacapo.” Of courno this resolution reforred undor the goncral namo of * Government officers " with special emphasia to Becrotary Bristow, Bolicitor Wirson, Chiof Wasnnony of the Dotectivo Bervico, and tho Government repro- sentatives ot 8t. Louis and Ohicago who havo becn prosocuting the whisky cases, This utter- anco should be properly heeded by Prosident GraxT, Ilinois is his Stato and n gront Re- publican Stato. Tho body which adopted tho above resolution was composed of men who may fairly claim toropresont the Repub- lican party of Illinois, "It expresses tho son- timent of the bottor eloments of the Ropub. lican party everywhero. It is in overy sense ‘worthy of sorious consideration on the part of President Gnanr, as it is o testimonial to his past position in the matter of the revenue frauds, nnd an encouragement to stand by tho men who have helped him in their prosecu. tion, Tho Advisory Council in the Plymouth Church matter lins concluded itasossions, and bins arrived at tho result which was expected of it whon it wee summoned. It has sus- tained the discipline of that church in each particular upon which its advico was asked, and, this being tho easo, of course Plymonth Ohurch will accept its advico with tho same alacrity that it would bavo displayed in re- Jecting it had the advice beon unfavorable, Tho Council, howaver, wont beyond the business’ immediately beforo it by advising Plymouth Church to acoept a final investiga- tion to bo conducted by a Scandal Burean compozod of five porsons to bo eclocted by a committeo of three. Inasmuch, howaver, ns theso fivo persons, when thoy aro selected, may conduct an investigation or mot at their own option, and inasmuch es Plymouth Church Igs olrosdy made its investigation, we do not-look for any important results to flow from this now movemont. Should the Committeo decide, howevar, to make snch an investigation, and should Plymouth Church dacido to accept its findings, thoso findings would have no weight with tho publio unless it wns convineed that the Committeo was un- prejudiced. e — The ymsyout of any agreement among tha Domocrats in Congress relativo to nsubstitute for the Resumption ot which fixes the dato of resumption at Jan. 1, 1879, is every day becoming more romote. Mr, Monnisow is now reported g saying that Mr. Luiuxr's Financo Committeo will roport a compromiso moasure by a voto of 6 to 4, but that tha Domocratio caucus will probubly rojoot it. Thero is little doubt, howevor, that the caucus will favor the ropeal of tho Resumption sct, bat will substituta nothing for it, and will voto to lot matters drift along unsottled nud inscenre. This is the bost that may be looked for from that crowd. A pbilogopher In Parls has arranged a code of etiquotte, the principal articles of which have boon reprinted in this country. The philosopher tolls us that meat must bo alwaya eaton with the fork in the loft hand; that guests atdinner should take aud koop & plate whon offered to them ; that it is a good thing to stop drinking wino whon you have had enough ; aud that it s botter to lio than to cat floh or game which ia too far gone. With those fow principles flrmiy fixed in ming, it is poesible for & modest man to got safoly through tho most formsl dinner-party, Hut in ordor to bo suporior to the oceasion it fs mecoasary for o gucst also to remember that he should not go to eleep when his noxt nelghbor happens to be stupld ; that he should not call for soup a scoond timo; that politieal discnssions always boro tho ladies; that in & company of self-modo meon, such a8 commonly meet at dinner in the Woat, litorary and art toplcs are opt to bo unfamiliar; that roforouces to hard timea may bo unwelcome to tho host, who owes for tho dinnor; that the weather, iha charch, | tho theatro, and sacloty, are always safo mub- Jecta; that unresorved attontion to food and drink is the best polioy of all; and flnally, that adionor of herba at homo is better than tho atalled ox and pale do fois gras anywhero olso, —_— Gon, @. T. BeaunzaAnp has writton a letter in rogard to Gen, BuruyaN's practice of using Con- fodorato prisoncra to pick torpedocs out of tho road over which his army was to pase. Buen. AN was induced to this courso, a8 ho rolates in his Momoirs, by meoting with & handsoma young Union officer whoso log had boen blown off by ona of theao infornal machines. Tho Confoder- sto prisonors proved to be very usefnl for the purposs; and, though DrAUREGADD scoms to think tho ordor of Gen, Buenyan was a viola- tion of all the rules of clvilized warfaro, most laymen will hold that tho planting of torpodocs in tha lino of march of an army waa quito as barbarous. If, aa the sdvocates of tho torpedo systom malutain, the object of war Is to kill the encmy, aud thomore kitled tho botter, there is no roason why prisoners should not be used for any dangerons servico whatover, or slaughtored in cold blood i¢ noceasary. —_—— The N k Poat is Ible for tho following: e X peotessor Of e sstensy e OhIChuD: BASLOG Dess wskod the other day whether, in of the #limba " of the moon, he relcrrod 10 tho arms or legs, replied that he suppoied that tho Lmba inthis cass were the lower exromities, sa Jon spoaks of tho moon o8 *walking in darkness.’ #—Standard (Chicago), That itom has been going tho rounds of tho pross ever 8lnca May, 1874, and haa got a little twistod during 1ta travols, As it first saw the light in the columns of Trn TrIBUNE, Lho convar- sation having occurred at the University of Obi- cago during the epring torm of 1674, wo deem it our duty toset it right for a longer journey. Jon epoko of “*tho moon walking In’ bright- ness.” —_—— McoRanrawp, the murderer of ALsxnt D, Rion- Anuson, was taken up in the streets of Bt Louls a fow days sinco In a state of oxtrome Intoxione tion. He hes become s common drankard. In his moments of delirium he often raves of the sssasaination, all tho circumstances of which seem to he indelibly photographed in his mem- ory. Tho Nomesis which has pursuad this mis. erablo wretch bas wrought out for him peshapa »more frightful punlabment than any the law could bave inflicted. We beliave, too, if the bistory of the flagrant murderers who have of fite beon mcquitted or insdequately punished could b written, {t would be found that most of thom have lived and diod In wretchedness. Thore 1 something in the theory of compensa. tion in this world a8 propounded by Bishop Bor. ren and Mr, EsensuN which all the appailing logia of Joun Srvant Mt cannot disslpate, i bk d o dy Buddenly the whisky war has cessed fn Chicaga What ia the mattor? Haw the futonne® zesl of the Proaldent to punish the guilty subaided 2~ Cincinnaty Commeretal, Tho whisky war has not consed in Ublesgo, Tho Grand Jury has ceased for the timo finding indictmonts, Thora atre thirty or forty mombery of the ring under indictment and bonds to stand trial, Tho triata aro set to commence on the 7t of noxt month, when tho muslo and danca wiil begin in good carncet, Thero will bo s serfas of most oxciting and Important prosecutions of tho whisky thioves, aud many a guilty man will bo caught. ' Mr.W. R. Patnior, of Marinstte, Wis,, has succoeded {n manufacturing a sort of rough wrapping paper from thoe pulp of pine bark, Tho fibro of tho bark sppears. plainly in the paper, tho euffaco of which looks ns if 1t wero intorlacod withh floe hairs like the feno. tional curroncy. Poreons of imaginative diapo- sition who bavo seon the papor say it rominds them powerfully of cortain unpopular dishea sl tho boarding-housea oo Wabash avonue. - Eumz pr GmanmN wrote laconieally to the votors fn the Oleo District : * Eloctors, if you placo the scrupulous reepoct of liborty abovo all other forms of govornment, take mo. If you place above llberty any form of government whatsoover, don't take mo.”" The Amerioan pol- itician of tho ordinary stamp would writo,! ' Voters, take mo, I rocognize tho will of the sovereign poople, My principles aro such ss you may choosa to bestow upoa mo.” ——— “Pity the poor Troasury girls, pity the poor Tronsury girls,” is the familiar echo of the ‘Washington corrospondouce. Botter pity tho aged and unprotected Benators, who, far from tho restraiuing influences of home, are axposed toall the blandishments of gayand beantifal ‘womon, — OBITUARY, WILLIAM DRADFORD REED, The telograph snnounced a dny or two sine( tho doathof WiLtiax Brapyorp Reep, for many yoars o prominent lawyer of Philadelphis, and ono of the ableat contributors to the porfodical press of this conutry. Ho was bom in Philadal. phia in 1806, and graduated from the Univoraity of Ponusylvania in 1632, Io 1838 ho was nomle natod aud elacted to tho offico of Attorney-Gene oral of Pennsylvania, Ho made his firat appoar- anco in lteraturo at the ago of 41, whon ho pub- lisnod & “Lifo and Corrospondonce” of hik grandfathor, Josken Regp. In 1854 he edited 8 volumo of his brother’s (Prof. Rezp) writings In 1826 ho was sont to Moxloco with tho logation of Mr. Pouserr, in 1867 waa appointed Minis. ter to China by Prosident Boomanaw, and in 1860 nogotinted a troaty with that Empire. - The Now York World says: 2% Mr, Rzip rome yoars ago removed his rosidence from Thiladelphis to New York, and the latter part of hiia lifo was riven to Jabor dn tho metropolitsn proas of this city. Tlia keen, incisivo stylo, Lis wido and accn. rato knowlodga of men and of books, and & certaln crisp, incommunicable vivacity and pungency of mind which distinguishod him, gave a poculise valus to his contributions, and in losing him, as we havo nln;gly intimated, tho Amorican press loscs ono of tho resde feat, best eqrupped, and most effective of ita writers, ADOLPUE THEODORE DBRONGNIALT, Tha long list of eminent mon who have roe contly dled in Franco Is again incrossed by the doaths of AsoLrun Tueoporx BRONGNIART, the sclontiat and authior, and Joserr GuUmrAvMm PaTIv, the litteratenr and membor of the Aoad.' emy. The former was born in 1801, and in hi; youth dovoted bimself to the ntudy of botany, cryptogamons plants rocolving lis apecial atton tion. His princips] writings aro a work on, mushrooms (1826); o * History of Vegetable TFossila™ (1828) ; tha botanical part of tho "Vny—l ngo of Coquilla” (1831) ; and * Enumérations des! Gonroa dea Plantes Caltivees au Museum d' His- | tolre Notnrello " (1843). Ho was mado Profes-, sor of Botany and Vegotabls Physlology in the Fronch Musgum of Natural History in 1833, and Inspactor Genoral of the Fronch University ind 1852, M, PATtN, tho ltterateur, was born in¢ Paris in 1783, and o 1816 was a Professor of, Anciont and Modorn Litorature, Aftor the pul lication of hia first work he obtalnod tho Chbair of Rhotorio in tho Uotlege of Henry IV, Ha ‘bocame groatly distingaishod by lila lectures and publications, and was clooted to the Academy in Buccosslon to Al, Roaen. ’ OTiIRR DEATNY, The deatha aro also sunounced in Now York Oty of Judge Arexanpsn Bravrping of the Marino Court, and ox-Judgo ELnent szmul.' i who was appolnted a Judge of tho Marine Court by Gov. Monoax Lxwis and subsoquently, by Gov. DeWiTr OranTox, and who rocsived the {irat appointmont mado under Jacxson's Admine | {atration s hend of tho Indian Dopartment. Ho died In his 99th yoar. PERSONAL They eay it's as good as esUn; pea-gsoup to | broathe a London fog. Tho thoory of the Kindorgarion syatom is that childron must bo taught to play., Cana duok awim? . ‘Tho Springflold Republican thinka Dr. Bacon in protty smart, but it is always safo to boton Bhearman, Tho bigh-minded and intelligent jury in the Boochor caso has askod for extra pay, and is likely to get it. - Forater's “Dickons * Js roported by the Pud- lisher's Weekly to be the moat salable blography now before tho publio, Mr. Dana consolos himselt with the refleation that, though Georgo Washington be dead, George Washington Childs, A. 3., atill lives, & Georgo MacDanald'a new novel, diroctod sgalust the theological viewa of Prof. Tyndall aud bia followors, la entitled ** Thomas Wing= fold, Curato,” Princoss Frodericks, daughter of the blind ex+ King of Hanover, ia 8aid to ba tho most beantls ful Princesa in Europe, theis tho devotea and constant companion of her father. 5 Stanley carries with him to Africa 600 dozen jewsharpa; and by thls timo thero is not a welle regulated African anywhere in the Intorior bat' caa play in imitation of Wagner's muaal, Tho Iste Willlsm B. Reed, who was long & famons lawyor in Philadelphis, was famous for his pungent sarcasme. He once referred tos loarned brother am ** suffering from that worst of all maladies, a retention of oratory,” The Nation seos no way out of the Plymouth trouble but a resort to the ordeal of fire and wator. Mr, Bhearman will furnish the water of course ; and perhapa Old Harry will tako a con- :ln“ for tho firo, It [a an unplessant situse ou, 3 The Naw York Craphie paraphrases a rhyme which we remember having heard somewhore before : TR Yo conciyce thare bmo ora ke Mates, olmes, Holmes, Oliver Wendsll Holmes; Tnm’x-m?x:“mn lks Holmes, thers's no man lke The lampoon on Queen Victoria and the royal fawlly, which is the prevailing seneation in Lon« don, {8 entltled “Edward VIL" It u an imits tion of Bhakspeare's **Heary IV.,” and in the end reprosents the Quoen aa abdlcating and the Princo as ronouncing hia viclous mode of life and ssconding the throne. Mr.’ Dlakely, editor of the Bt.Paul Pioneer Press; 1a having & breezy controversy with the rumsollers of his neighborhood, They object to paying taxcs for the support of au fnebriste ssylum, while Blakely argues, with greas forco, that they ought choerfully to support sn inatl- sucion t which thelr business renders a public necessity, A losp-year party was recently givon by tho swell-headod young women of Washington to the ewell-neaded young men, Withont any sp- Pprociable effors the men acted lixe silly women and tho women like silly men, showing that sil- liness i3 not a zmatter of wax, but of educailon