Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 31, 1876, Page 4

4 TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. —— BAIRS €Y FUFSCTITTION (PATABLR IN ADVAKCR). Tostazo I'rennld at this Ofice. Daity Kdition, post-paid, 1 year... .813.00 Parts of yearat s amo rata. OUR WEEEA for. 1.00 BN s 100 R Weckiy, poricpaid, Tyes $.00 o8 b ol Tives per iub of twenty, por co) * The postage Is 15 conts & your, Bpecimen copies sent free, To prevent deisy snd mistakes, be sure and give IPoat-Orlico addreas fn full, inelnding Statoand Gounty. Jiemittances may be mado cithor by drafl, express, Rroet-Offica order, or jn registerod lotiors, ot our risk, TRNMS ¥O CITY RUBRCRIDERY, Daily, delivered, Sunday excapted, 23 cents per week, Ay, delivared, Bunday lneludg{; 30 ml;lh per. ?L'ci. reen T COMPANY, Carner Madirom and Doar! Chilcago, L. i . 11 propay. WOOD'S MUSEUM--Monroo sirect, between Deare born and State, Afternoon, “The Hidden Hand,” Evening, * Tickot-of-Leave Man," MoVIOKER'S THEATRE—Madicon street, botween Dearborn and State. Engsgament of Ben De Bar, ~ King Ieary IV,% ADELPHI THEATRE—Deatborn stroet, cormer Monroo, Varlety performance. AOCADEMY OF MUBIC—Halsted Aladison and Monroo, * Barstoga.” HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randolph street, botween Clark and LaBalla. **Tho Ci Mioatrela,” UNION PARK CHURCH—Lecturs by Mary Al Livermore. Bubject: “ Concerning Iusbands.'” McCORMICK HALL—North Clark street, corner Einzie. Von Bulow Concert. The @hieago Tribmme, Mondsy Mornmng, January 31, 1870, atreet, betweon At the New York Exchange on Saturdny greenbacks ruled at 88§@88), ——— Cloar or partly cloudy, and alightly ‘warmer wenther, and damper air through the day, to grow colder to-night—that’s the programmo £or tho next twenty-four hours, Prbibuias. kel ol Y Bavarp Tavror entortained tho lnrgest andience of tho season in the Sunday After- noon Courso with his lecturo yesterday nfter- noon upon *‘ Ancient Egypt.” Mr. Monnisox is about to tackla the tariff question. He has a bill which provides for a reduction of from 20 fo 25 per cont upon .staple articles of msnufacture, tho restors. tion of the duty upon tea and coffes, and a movemont generally in the direction of in- crensed revenuo nnd business improvement. The annunl statement of City-Comptroller Haves of tho condition of tho municipal y balance.sheot, Dec. 81, 1875, in given in full in our colnmns this morning. It shows the total funded debt of tho city to bo In round joumbors 13,600,000, and tha floating debt $4,600,000. Tho taxes for 1875 which are not yot collected amount to 5,090,005, The political componition of tha French Benate, n4 ascertainod from the action of the Electoral Colleges yestorday, is stated as fol- ‘lows: Monarchists, 65; pure Donapartists, 112; Republicans, 93; and * Monarchists and Imperinlista” (g0 deseribed), 45. Among tho Benators electod aro ex-Presidont Turens, Victon Huco, Pryrat, Jures Favne, and Trox Bav. Burrer, Chief of the Cabinot ond Minister of the Interfor, and Duraung, ‘Alinister of Justice, woro dofeated. e tra— Not much encouragement is given by the State Dopartment authoritios to tho victims of Winsrow's claborato villainy to hopo that the effort to oxtradite him from Holland will bo successful. Thero is no extrudition tronty with that nation, and, as the United States Benato once refused to ratify such o treaty . propared ot tho request of the King of ol land, it i considered cxtremely probable that ‘His Majesty, not having forgotten that cir- cumstanco, will not manifest a great deal of alacrity in volunteering to surrender WxsLow for extradition, Tho bloodiest murder ginco DBeNpen stocked his privato nocropolis in Kansas has come to light in the outskirts of Brooklyn. Qur dispatches yesterdny morning aunounced +the discovery thero of ahuman head wrapped in o newspaper. The head was recognized, and an Alsatian associate of thq deccased ‘owner wns yestardsy found to huve boon tho murderer. Details of the horrible proceed- ings of this Alsatian in and after the com. 'toission of his crimoe, including Lis ignorunt- Iy-ingonious artifices to onfoy immunity, aro recorded in our telographic columus, Tho Ohicago Commuuista have hit npon n plan for escoping enormous taxation, Their ,échemo i8 to pay no {axes, divide up the property, burn up the result of surplus produc- tion, gbolish the offices, and have no Govorn- ment eave the unrestrained will of the peo- iple. If uchoico had to be made Letween tho perpetunl dominion of thoe Comuunists ?or the International and tho Communiuts of ‘tho City-Isll aud County-Building, the schemo of the former might bo found to have gome merit by comparison. Thoy would iprobably consent to an equal distribution of woanlth, whilo the tax-grabbors appurently ~want it all, .Thera i troublo in the Domocratic camp <n account of Speaker Kenn's letter indors. ing tho Presidentinl candidaturo of Ifex- pricgs, Ib is wnid tho letter wus o privato oue, expressivo only of the writer's personal lenningy, and not intended for publication, But it got Into print, and tho mischie! wus done, The TirbeN men, who claim to have sccured Kenn's election o4 Bpeakor, even to the point of obtaining votes from Indiana .Congressmen opposed to bin, are in a rogo about the letter; accusing Kenn of ingratl- tuds and treachery, What with the loss of Danoray, bis parlismontary mainstay, and the fll.will of the irste Tildenites, tho Bpeaker’s chouces for 4 felicitous administra- tion aro none the best, e The . Chicago produce markets were ir- segular and nervous on Saturday ; provisions were strong, and brondstuffs weak, Mess pork was activo and 10@12§o higher, closing 8t $19.42) cash snd $19.70@19.724 for March. Lard wasactiveandG@7}e per100 fg higher, closing at $12.10 for Fobruary aud $12.25 sller March. Ments wero in fuir de. mand and firmer, at 7jo for boxed shoulders, 10jo for do short ribs, and 110 for do sbort clears, Highwines were quict and unchangod, &t $1.00 per gullon, Flour was dull aud eazler. Wheat was moderately active and 1ie lower, closing at 97c cash and 96{o for Febe ruary. Corn was quict sud 1o lower, closing &4 40§ cash and 40jo seller February, Oats were leas nctivo and 4@Jo lower, closing at 80jo cash and 31jo for March, Lys was quist, at 67@GTje. Burley wus active and woak, closing st 76)@77c cash and 720 for Fobruary, Hogs were active and sdvanced 6@l00, with salcs at §7.30@7.70. Cattle ‘woro quiot and unchanged,—quoted nt 83.00 @35.60 for common to choice. Bheep sold slowly ot Friday's quotations, One hundred dollars in gold would buy $113.00 in green. backs at tho close, Cotxix is jubilant and fmnpudent at his complete victory in the Bupreme Court, whoso silence gave consent that he should usurp tho Mayoralty for elghtcen months. He will not resign ; to the victors belong the spoils, and ho is a victor. ¢ The people,” saya Corviy, “ when they adopted the new oharter elected mo Mayor until 1877." The peoplo did nothing of the sort. 'The charter was “ndopted” by the lallob-box ktuffers, gamblers, and thieves, who shaveled iu votea by fistfuls to keop in offico their friend nnd protector, Corviy would like to have the newspapors *atop howling abont the taxes,” 50 that tho citizens will come forward with tho money nocessary to mako it an objeet for him to hang on, Lei Corvix vaeate, and let the nssuranco bo given that honesty and economy aro to come in vogue once more, and sco how quickly and promptly tho taxes will bo paid. This would be tho simplest nnd specdicst solution of tho finencial dilem- ma, for, if Conviy and his crow persiat in their usurpation, the newspspers are not likely to ‘““stop howlipg" for about n year and a half to come, Some new and interesting evidence is at band bearing upon the questionof Spain’s nbility to successfally coutond sgainst nnd bring to an end the Cubnan rovolution, A dis. pateh from Minister Cusmixo to Secretary T1su mentions, among the great ovils which impedlo the pacification of Cubn, tho fact that thero is maintained botween tho insurgents and their sympathizers throughont the island, in tho cities and towns and on the planta- tions, nsystem of secret communiention, whereby is imparted information as to the movement of BSpanish troops, and sup- plies, provisions, and war munitions are forwarded to the insargent linee. Thus much is known in Spain, but in Washington it has been ascertained that the Havava mor- clhiants have beon in collusion with the Span. ish authoritics in supplying tho insurgent arny, the plan being to send a large quantity of supplies (purchased and paid for by tho Government) under o feeblo escort, upon n routo rouning near the *‘cnomy’s” picket- line, when, by sgrecment, the tmin would be attacked aud tho supplics eaptured, the escort barcly escaping with their lives! In this way, it is eaid, the Patriots have continued to carry on the war without contributions from abroad, and tho merchants and corrnpt of. ficials lave realized handsomely upon tho clever operation, 'T'ha amount of loyalty and fidelity to the mothor-country in Cubn is something stunning, nccording to all ac. counts, THE WEIGHT ON OUR MANUFACTURES, An export trade of American manufactures is of such importance as a factor in the untional resources that it cannot -be over- looked by any intelligent man who under- talies to restore tho natiooml credit {o a per- manent and standard value. We have two great products of wealth. We have prod- ucts of tho soil, including in theso the yielding of tho mines and tha cuttings of the forest; and wo havo also the products of skilled Inbor applied to the fashioning of raw materials, domestic and imported, and their conversion futo commorcial commodities. Wo havo within our limits a large consump- tion for all these, and there is in all parts of the world n domand for them, Of all the products of tho soil, including all the forms into which they are converted,— 83 grain into flour, livostock into meats, and mille into cheese,—wo produce a largo surplus, which wo séll to the people of other countries, thereby adding to the in. dividunl and national wealth of our peopls. ‘Wa have at our doors, ag the gift of bounti- ful Nature, an abundance of all the raw ma- torial of which commercial manufactures aro made. Wo lave tho fuel and the means of transportation, and the lnbor nceded for thig manufacture, in o profusion unknown to any othor nation, Wohave tho capital invested and tho machinery in oporation. We have the raw materinls clieaper and of better quality than all other peoples. We can, with the capital, tho machinery, and the means at Land, produce not only a sufficient quantity of all theso classes of merchandise to moet lomo congumption, but we can produce of them a large surplus. Of tho agricultural productions of the United States wo export an avorago in valuo of 10 per cent; that is, wo produco a surplus equal to 10 per cent of the entiro product of tho soil, as valued at the place of production, That is equivalont to an addition of 10 per cont annunlly to the accumulated wenlth of the country, which, compounded, awells tho aggregato to figures which #oom enormous, We, howover, while rojoicing in this sonrce of national and individual profit, stendily ro- ject tho other which is producing similnr re. sulta. Wo produce cotton ; but the law prac- tically prohibits the snlo of manufactured cotton boyond tho limits of the United Btates. It fixes a minimum below which foreign cotton goods shall not be sold in the United States. Ilio result is that the prico of cotton goods is advanced'80 to 40 per cent; thocon. sumption is reduced in the like proportion ; and the manufacturer of cotton goods is con. fined to the production of the limited quan- tity needed for tho reduced domand, Even the domestic market, being tramuneled by the Ligh cost of production, is successfully in- vided by the foreign manufacturer who sells Lis goods here. We export a mero triflo of cotton goods. Wo have the capital, the machinery, aud the Iabor, with the raw mnterinl, and tho fuel, equal to a large ex- port toall the markets of tho world, with cotton gooda nt prices aud of o quality that can defy compatition. We refuse to avail ourselves of this advantage, We run our mills six montha iu tho year; wo reduce our omployment of labor to six months of the year; wo produco jnst half of what we might produce, and have nothing to sell, and no means to purchiago of others, Wo produco no surplus, 'The shoe. maker, aud the tailor, nud the baker who would confine their Inbors to the mero pro. duction of tho shoes, clothing, and bread noeded in their respective families, would properly be classed ns wanting in intelli. gencee, ond thelr evoutual pauperism would bo looked upon as certain. Yot that is pre- cisely the policy established by law in this country with respect to American mauufao. tures. In lieu of the foreign trade which theso manufacturers are duprived of, the Government imposes a tax upon all con- sumors of dowestio manufactures, to coni- peusato them for the profits they loso by non-production, In 1872, under the dread of the pending Presidential election, Congress vednced tho existing taz on certain lines of manufactures, The reduction was 10 par cent of tho existing YHE CHICAGO TRIBUNE :*MONDAY, JANUARY: 81 , 1876. tax, equivalent to 4 por cent of tho tax rate, In 1875 Congress rostored this tax to what it was in 1872. It wns doterminod that tho mannfacturers should nover got to that point intho cost of production when thoy might sock another market, and, producing a sur- plus, have something to sell, and thus be nblo to work the year through, During the four yenrs onding Juno 50, 1874, thera wero exported from the United States domestic products to the valuo of £2,163.- 103,155, or over £500,000,000 annunlly, Of thees, £1,310,032,390, or ovor G0 por cont, wero raw or erude products, and $397,330,469, or noarly 26 per cent, of such sgriculturnl articles as flonr, lard, provisions, tobneco, ote. The remaindor, or 14} per cent, aro put down ns manufactures, Dedncting from this the articles of butter, choese, preserved meats, lamber, alcoliol, bread, ete., the nolual exports of American manufacturea wero but 8] per cont of tho whola. Over 01 per cent of the exports of tho Umted Btates aro tho products of the farm, dairy, and live-stock in tho form of meats, and petrolenm, Wo exported butter and clieeso to n greator valuo than wo did of cotton goods, woolens, paints, varnish, copper nud brass, glaws nnd glass- ware, hats, caps, and Lonnets, leather goodls, including trunks and valises, musical instru- ments, India rubber, clothing, clocks, and carringes, combined. g ‘Wo have the authority of tho Providenco (Rhodo Island) Journal that Brazil consumes ono hundred millions of yards of cotton goods A year, of which the United States furnishes three millions and Grent Britnin ninety-soven millions of yards! Tho United Seates aro mearcr by 8,000 miles to Brazit than is England. Brazil sells us vast quanti- ties of coffee, which wa pny for in gold bills of exchange on London, and these gold bills pay for English cotton goods sont to Brazil, If our repressive tariff wero out of the wny, wa could pay for the coffce in cetton prints and clotha alone, instend of gold. Abaudon. ing tho foolish protection afforded by the tariff, a fow mills have begun to oxport cot- ton goods to England, and find a ready mor- kot at a profit. But, before this export can becomo goneral, thore must bo a general re- duaction of the cost of all kinds of production, All taxation haviug for its object tha in- orenso of tho cost of production must bo abolished, and then wo may, with n sound currency, have an annual export of manufac- tures rivaling to soma cxtent the exports of agricultural products. Then both hands will bo equally productivo and oqualiy supporting, and ench will contributo its share to tha ac- cumulated wealth of the country, THE BANERUPT LAV, "The Bankrupt act is becoming ono of the great avenues to fraud and one of the great promoters of perjury and swindling, In 1841 Congress enncted n general Bankrupt law, but such wero tho abuses nnd frauds practiced under it that it was repealed by tho same Congrors that passed it. Tho morality and the equity of a Bankrupt law is one of the questions which have been lotly contested for years. 'Tho English Bankrupt law, the result of many yenrs' long oxperience, is of tho genoral character of o criminal inquiry, The bankrupt, whether voluntary or in. voluntary, appenrs in the character of a man who has committed n wrong. Ho is, thero- foro, under tho necessity of giving o sctis- factory and complete explanation of his busi- ness transactions, and upon the result of that inquiry he ig cithor naquitted and discharged, or Lo is committed to prison os a criminal, Ounr Bankrupt law isnot of this rigid chorncter. Tho doors nre wido open for dishonest peisons. Passing through bankruptey is not considered either disgraco- ful or as an ovidenco of nctunl poverty. Bavkrupls do not go out of business, do not suspend conumercial transactions, do not change their expensive mode of living, do not give up or abandon sny of their nceus. tomed costly hnbits of enjoyment and ex- ponditure, 'The Bankrupt Court scoms to bo regarded 8s o convonient means of compelling croditors o take 25 cents on the dollar for their claims. A fow oaths, a fow perjurios,— not any moro flagrant or villninous than those of the whisky operators,—nnd a mon gots a dischargo from his debts on a division in which ho rotaing 75 cents on tho dollar and gives hia creditors 25 cents, loss thu oxpouses of the sponging process. $ The theory of & Bankrupt Inw is, that it is better to lot an honest but unfortunate debtor havo an opportunity to begin lifo anew than to keep him forever weighed down by dobls boyond his ability to pay. Unfortunately, tho debtors of this class are but one out of o hundrod of those who go through the Banl- rupt Court, and the law is practically nmeans by which dishonest doltors, by thio mero practico of perfury, may secure a logal titlo to thoir creditors’ property without any con. sidoration thorofor, It is n Inw which ad- mirably aids the end sought by tho vicious and demoralized social morality of the day, that of gotting rich without work. When the frauds and erimes committed under such nlaw o for oxeced tho really benoficial ef- fecls, it in battor for ereditors and debtors, and for publio and private morals, that the Iaw bo repealed. AN IRRECONCILABLE, Ex-Sonator tonent 'Poosruy, who has not yot called tho roll of hisslavesin the shadow of Bunker Hill, is still cating fire and trying to stir up tho embors of Southern hate against the Union with wild and malignant bombnst and howling denunciation of the people of the North. A fow days ago he ad- dressed the Georgin Legiulatnre and others ot Atlanta on tho issncs of the day. Ho let all the wild aninials looso ngain, got on tho rampoge, and lashed and tore things to tat- ters in 0 mannor which outdid sny of his maniacal raviugs prior to and during tho 8lave-Lolders’ Robellion. Elsewharewe print tho main points of his epecch, which apponrs to have been vociferously spplauded by his naudience, which embraced the Georgih Legis- Inture. His first tilt was ab the Constitu- tion, of course. It was not the law of tho peoplo of the South. It ¢ violated the fundunontal principles of soclety.” Tho peoplo is ** acoursed"” which * ncoepts a funda. mental law from another people,” It was mado **Ly {gnorant savages lod by rogues to perpetunte the power of rogues.” “It wag made to plunder the peoplo and ought to be changed." *'Pho Hoxon rmco ia ever more dishonored by that instrument,” and so on ad nauseam, From tho Constitution he passed to the negroes,—his late chattols whose roll he was going to call on Bunker Hill, “Tho Yankeos, says he, *aro miscrablo wrotches who bave Injected 5,000,000 of savages intothe stowach of our body politie,” He explains how some ‘“honest fellows" bave socured election to tho Legisla- ture. * We got them thero by in- timidation and bribery, and I belped to do it. I would bhave scorned thio people if thoy had not done it! And I go to tho ballot-boxt™ with ug by bribery and intimidation, vised jt, aud paid my money for it. mnn cloges his speech with tho personal declarations “I am, I beliove, the only lving secessionist to-day in the Btate of Georgin.” ““I am just ns good as Jevr Davis, and he is no better than Iam, I demand to be placed beside bim," 'Theso aro o fow sample utter- ances from n long speech, breathing the most malignant hate, venom, and rancor towards the North. They resemblo nothing so much ns tho incoheront ravings of o mad- mon, which must disgust even his Bouthern henrers. It is somowhat cu- rious that {his blatant and blustering firo-cater docs not leave the country which lio hiates so intonsely, and take up his aboda in romo other land whero the Constitution and negro will no longor provoke these dis- plays of lunacy, If ho insists upon remain. ing here, his own frionds ought to put him in a strait-Jncket or sond him to some private asylum, in tho intergsts of penco, order, and decency. 'This would undoubtedly bo done wero it not o fact that ho reflects tho feclings and sontiments of tens of thousands of Con- federnles, who warmly sympnthizo with all Lo says, but do not deom it politic or advis- nble to give expreasion to their renl views un. til after tho next Presidontial eleotion, A RAID ON GAS, ‘The matter of cheaper and better gas is beginuing to bo ngitated in many of the largor cities. In Brooklyn, N. Y., a reduc- tion bma heen mado under the compulsion of necessity. The movement was firat com. menced nmong storckespers of substituting illuminating and non-explosive oils, which givo o softer and moro ngreenbla light, at n cost of about ono-fifth what they had beon paying for gas of an inforior quality, and was rupidly adopted in private residences, nntil at length tho gns companies wero obliged to como down or quil tho business. The Trustees of tho Philadelphin Gas Works, which are owned and operated by the city, undor tho eame necessity have given notice to consumers that after March 1 tho prico of gns will bo reduced to 215 yer 1,000 feat. ‘Lhe papers in Now York City aro urging the peoplo not to submit any longer to monopoly, Tho Bulletin of that cily says: Consnmera hero will bo great fools if they do not fmitato tholr oxample, Blop using gas, bura ofl, aud save, not_only your money, but your oyes and your temper, Wo aro trying (bo oxporiment in tho Hulletin oflice, and fiud it to work {0 o charm. Connting- roows, stores, oilices, and private dwellings may use it to liko ndvantage, and, whero It 18 once tried, we aro inclined to thing tho cumucipation from extortionats gaa-bllls and unreliablo gas-motern will bo permanent. ‘fhe Baltimora nud Boston papers aro urg- ing their renders to adopt the same form of illuminntion, and their advico is quito gen- crally followed, and must have tho samo re- sult as in Philadelphis and Brooklyn, The peoplo of Chicngo are not behind the Eastern cities in making the discovery that theroe aro illuninating-oils which give a better light ond at much less expenso than gas. During the past year illuminating-lamps, especially of the class known ns student-lamps, have como into very general use, They givoa soft, clear, boautiful ligat which is not injurious to tho eyes, are ensily maneged and perfectly safo, and do not cost a tithe of what gas doos Even with gns at the lowest possiblo rates, they aro to bo preferred, ns nogns has yet been mpuufactured which eun compare with theso oils in their illuminating qualities, It in ovident that thio poople at lnst have dis- covered how to head off ono monopoly and get rid of paying exorbitant prices, 'The days of high-priced gas are over. It has found n competitor which it eannot buy off, bribe off, or drivo off, Asthe Now York DBulletin snys, consumers sre fools who do not uso it aud thus save their mounoy, thoir cyes, and their temper, SOUTHERN DEMANDE—MAKING UP FOR LOBY TIME, The Lonisville Courier-Journal has been complaining that the Government does noth. ing for tho Bouth iu tho way of spending tnxes on public improvements, Wo call its attention te tho following bills ns specimens of what Dixio desires -to have done, and ask it whuther these nre to be taken na samples of cconomy nund reform of which we have henrd so mudh in Democratic quarters: To ramovo obatructions fn Missiastppt iver, between 8, Lonis aud Quito, To open Freu to Lrevard,, To crect o Fod To {mprovy thio passage belyceu aud the St John's livur, Florlda, > Bullding st Facksone To_provido ville, Fla ‘Lo purchus Laltimoro, . To provide 8 Federal bufiding Ark. (an additional sppropriasti 160,000 Tomalntatn a wint sud o 100,000 unkioy iver, iid u 3 ol tiver in Missouri, Arkantas, Misalsaippd, and Loulviana X To finprove Bayoil Lafourche, Lotislana, 10,000 ‘Yo improvo New River, Woat Virginta, 250,600 Tobuild o bridge nacross the Potom: 'I'hrve Bisters Inlanda, ... .. . 140,000 To fwprove the Contunauls snd Coorawat- too Itivers, Goorgla... 000 To {ruprove Chuttal 20,000 0,000 strurt Federal buiiding ot B, Touls ditlunal appropriatiun), 160,000 1 30,600 105,000 in"Aekaban Tiver & Fork Bonth,,.. 21,000 To improve 'y 20,000 Toimprove Cutbvrland Hiv ville, Toun, Toimprove French Hroad and Littlo Teunersve Rive To purchave sdditional Cust o Nasiviie, Tonm. 7 To improvo Missour| River from 8t, Cha 10 118 Moulh,veyasanseas To liprove Oaaga Tiiver, Midouri, . Tumake a topogruphifcal surve; ‘ln, bayous, and passod. of Tho Al P} HVETv1es sy ireenses 2,000 T Liuprovo tho James River. 000 ‘Fo provide Fedoral bullain, A sonsoss 200,000 1 0,00 Ta_fmprove Hiith's Hhoals, Camber TUYOr, KCUBUKY e e vonnrossrontosnesn To compuutats Tedasor deioitiling o from- therd from 1485 to 1501 (besldo futerest oo 116 LIBOUNE) . erererienasierrenarees o ereet Fatorsi il i oyl To continue work ou ahip chanuel in Oalveu: ton Jiny, and Lo 1 '8 obatructi Juctuta, To 70,000 1,630,417 000,000 L Va... 135,000 'Ta pay for Luilding belooging to Col, Wil 5 {umw, Culiicothie, Ma., destrosed by fire ocenplod by Federul troovs ducing the War 5,000 To reimburso Willlatn and Mary Collego, Viz- flula, for property dewizoyed during the War.\. 85,000 10,62 10,000 $ p T0r dstiaita dons during tha War 10,000 Hore are over nino millions of dollars asled for in what, with the exveption of the #ppropriation for the Missisaippi lovees, may b called driblots, and comprising but 8 pro- portion of the actua! demands that have already been mnnde, not to mention the mul. tituds awaiting their opportunity of present- ation, The large mejority of demands in. will buy them as long ga they put beadts to | volving the expenditure of money have come * Wo carriod thom I nd- You all know it, but won't say it." If you have n convention, I can moke yon a Coustitution Ly which the poople will rulo and tho niggor will never bo hoard of.” The raving mad- from the South, and it they nro granted, es thoy probably will so far as the Democratio Iouso is concernad, almost any of thom will ent up all tho cheeso-paring rotrenchment it is proposed to practice on the cost of sup. porting tho cadots at West Point, and in ro- ducing the pay of the officors of the army and tho salaries of the diplomatic mervice. The impudent claim of Texas spooula- tors for what ia cnlled defending .tho frontier from 183 to 1861, during tho blessed rulo of Jaxes Buomavay, calla for 81,686,417, This nlone will consumo tho snvings on tho salarics of tho Foreign Minis- ters and Consuls, and on army ofileers and West Point cadots. 'To satisfy the abovo list of claima will creato an immense deficiency that will have to bo suppliod by incrensing taxation. Aud if this bo notdone, the Cour. ier-Journal enlls it injustico to tho South! Tho figares we have prosented nbove are no lesa suggoslivo as applied to the much- vnunted Democraticpromises of rotrenchmont ond reform. Without taking into account tho hundred-million subsidy to Tox Scorr's proposed Credit Mobilor construction ring for his Arizonn & Now BMexico Rnilrond, for which the Courier~Journal is continually howling, or tho refunding of the sixty mill- ions of cotton tax to the spoculators who hold thoclaims, or the multitudo of Confed- crate personal clnims for pay and relief that aro pouring in from all parts of tho South, wo submit to that paper that the * South ” is making up for lost time while it had ono leg out of the Union inn very industrious and oxtraordinary manner. THE JURY SYSTEM, Thero is a mwan in Wisconsin who means to do what hio can to froe our legal system from the nbsurd and injurious requirement of a unnnimous verdict by juries. Ho is Sonator R, J. Fraxr, and ho has introduced into the Legislaturo of that State a bill providing that in civil cases throe-fourths of a jury can give a decisivo vordiet, and that in criminal cases clovon jurors ean. A logal objection has boen mado to the principlo sot forth in this bill, which is that theronre judicial declsions on rocord to tho of: fect thatn ** jury verdiot” moans a unanimous decision, But this may bo spocial to cer- tain States. Tho logal question would do- pend upon the constitutional amendment which provides that in suits at common law, when the valuc of the thing in disputo ex- ceeds $20, “the right of trinl by jury shall bo presorved.” In this phrase, doos * trial by jury” mean that a unanimous verdict shall bo required? Weo leavo the point for those learned in tho law to decide. ‘Wo aro not prepared to indorso, in detail, Mr. Fraxr's bill, innsmuch as a threo-fourths voto ought to bo sufiiciont to convict a crim. inal, ns woll a9 to decido a eivil case, but the principlo on which the bill is framed is a thoroughly good ono. Itisnot clear whether the sccond scotion means that a caso shall go on whether or not a juror falls sick, but this should bo provided. Under the present sys- tem, the sickness of ona juror, renl or pre- tonded, natural or brought about by drugs, poisons, ote., puts an ond to the trial, unless both parties are so sure of winning that thoy agree to havo it go on without him, 2 In reply to the main question: *Should a threo-fourths verdict bo decisiva?” wo say ‘¢ yes,".nnd do so for tho following reasons: (1) Tho circumstances which onco demand- ed thot o verdict shonld bo unanimous no longer exist. The original purpose of roquir- ing unanimity was to proteet a defendant from tho malice of persons belonging to a higher class than his own, or tho spiteful hatred of those bolonging to a lowor class, A untion which has no classes needs no gafe gunrds agninst class-fecling ; (2) If o threo-fourths vote were docisive, baying a verdiot would bo both too gostlyand too dangorous, This is now unfortunately common practice. The purchase of one juror nssures a dissgreoment, which ig often tanta- mount to the acquittal of the dofondaut and tho defeat of justice. If four jurors had to be bought, the danger of detection would bo multiplied many-fold ; (8) Tho change wonld hasten the execution of justico, for it would make disagrecments, ro-trinls, otc., very infrequent; (4) It would thereforo save a groat deal of loss of time, troublo, and expense ; (5) It would prevent injustice to innocont dofondants. At prosent, a person brought to trial must convince every juror of his in. nocenco or ¢lso rest undor suspicion and un. der danger of a new trial at any timo. Tho change would mako it imposaiblo for two or threo cross-grained, malevolont persons to provent the triumphant acquittal of an in- nocent man ; (6) It would put an ond to the practice of rendoring verdicts which are in violation of the jury-oath. At present, the first vote rarely gives avordict, ‘Thero is a majority ond o minority, The lattor must yield, if ony decision is to bo arrivod nt. 8o cither the minority violates tho obligations of an oath by bringing in o verdict whish it foally does not beliove in, or clse & compro. miso is mndo (tho mnajority, for instance, ogrocs to “manslaughter ” instead of * mur- der™), and thus tho verdict expresses nobody's truo opinion ; (7) ‘Thochange would tend to reconcilo the mothods of law and arbitration. Whonever o Doord of Arbitrators sits, & majority voto decides, Tho constant resort to arbitration a8 o mothod of settling disputes showa its efficiency. Franco, Denmark, Now York City, English employers and employes, aud mereantilo bodios everywhere, have regular arbitration courty, + The most important law- caso of tho century, the issue of whioh pro. vented a war botwoon two great powers, Great Dritain and America, was cottled at Genova, in 1872, by a majority vote. If the arbitrators had had to bring in a unanimous verdict they nover would have dono eo, and wo shonld have probably gone to war with Eugland to forco her to pay our claim; - (8) Our whole law-systom, ave in this ono gnomalous case, is based on majority rule, A majority of Judges docides tho gravest questions of law and somotimes of fact, but eloven out of twelvo jurors ero in. compotent to decide the pottiest criminal or civil matter, It took a bore mafority on the Bupromo Bench to raverse tho logal-tender doclslon snd affeot overy contract entercd into by Americans for years, but it takes a unanimous voto of a jury to convict Jomy Sanru of stealing o logal-tender dollar; (0) Fiunlly, the change we proposs is domocratic. Tho fundamentsl principle of our political system is that the majority must rule, Why not the majority in a jury.box 8 woll as in a ballobbox, in & court, or ina logialative ball? y'l‘hu regular annual roview of the whale fishery for 1875 Las made ita appenrance in Neow Bedford, Mass,, and contains some in- toresting facts, Of the arrivals duriog the year, 18 voyages were profitable and 16 re. sulted in loss. The average catch of the ves- sols in tha Arotie Boa ongnged in the pursuit of right whales amonnted to 1,384 barrols of whale and walrus ofl, and 14,0100 pounds of whalobone,—the largest naverage of nuy sca. sonsince 1850, The pursuit of sperm whalea hias beon only moderatoly auccossful. Tho ontire fnports of whalo oil during the yoar smounted to 42,617 barrels; of sperm oil, 84,694; and of whalebono to 872,303 pounda, ~—the imports for tho District of Now Bed- ford boing far in oxcess of thoso nt Province. town, Boston, Edgartown, Now London, New York, and Snn Francisco. The supply of ofl is thus fully up to tho domand, ——— The Treasury Departmont wiil soon sub. mit to tha Ways and Meana Committee n list of the chauges in tho tariff made by the re. visod statutes. In bold defianco of oll Yawa of chance, theso clinngos are all one way. Tho list i6 o chapter of nccidents, in which overy accident rnises & duty and onables some Penuvsylvanion to squecze moro money ont of an over-taxed people. The re- vision looks like & job. Who lawyers who nominally did the work, but who are said to havo left nearly all of it to subordinates, wore, to say tho least, culpably carcless, Homebody took advantago of {he revision ito legnlize numerous steals, which oven a pro- toctionist Congress would not have ventured to authorize. Ono of tho first dutics of Con- gress now is to rostoro tho old rates, Wa want no knot of five Inwyors to arbitrarily tinkor the tariff or lot it bo tinkered in the interest of somobody's clien! — In a recont article npon the telegraphic announcement that the oxtremo Ritualists in the English Church wera negotinting with the Vatican, preliminory to a sccession from the Established Church to Rome, wo took oc- casion to doubt the truth of tho announce- ment, and pronounced it ns in all probability a religious sonsation, Buch now appears to bo the case. The Vocs della Verita, printed in Rome, stranuously denios the existence of any such negotintions. In addition to this, the Rov. Frenenick Gronon Lk, tho Viear of All Baints, Lamboth, who was credited with the letter to Archbishop Maynma and the promotion of the petition to the Pope, lias written a lettor to the Manchester Guardian indignantly denying any conmection with it, Tho London iMlorning Post nud New York Jerald wiil avidently have to try again. ——e— Twolvo States—Iowa, l(nusn;, Louisinas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Novada, Now Jersey, New York, Rhodo Island, South’ Caroling, and Wisconsin—took a census in 187i, which shows the following incrense over tho Fedoral consus of 1870: Iown, 156,524 ; Konsns, 168,974 ; Touisiana, 130,- 124; Massachusetts, 194,651; Mlichignn, 159,792 ; Minnesots, 168,723; Novada, 0,845; Now Joreoy, 120,406; New York, 882,449; Rbode Island, 40,896; South Carolinn, 217,841 ; Wisconsin, 182,050 : tntal incrense, 1,857,174, Tu 1070 those States hnd nearly ouc-thtrd the population of the wholo country, and, if we may assume that the in- crearo of population in $he romaining States has been proportionato, the centenninl pop- ulation of the country ought to be about 44,000,000. TOE TRIBUNE AKD JEFF DAVI:, The 8t, Paul Press, roforring to the com- monts of Tug Ciuosao ToinuNe upon the rola- tions of JrrvznsoN Davis to the Andorsonville erucltlos, Baya : We shiall bo oxcured for asking Tite Ontcaao Tain- uno how it Lapyiena that it 18 now ko righiteously in- dlignant over tho proposition of tho Demucrots of * tho Honso to pardon Jzry Davis, when it wisd 80 Mynin- cantly silent Inst wiutor while’ ths Republizaus of the Houso sctually passod a bill to pardon kim? Aro Jxvr Davia' crimes any moro heinous now Whan they woro then? Aro the barbarities of Andexsonville garnished with now horrors that they did ot then porscss? QOr 8 what was cousidered o virtun when froposed by (he Ropublicans lustantly tranuioruiol nto a erime when § Linppens to bo proposed by the Democrats ? ‘The Amnosty bill which passed tho [fouse lnst winter wont thirough without discuasion nnd befora any one knew anything about it. Tho bilt waa not thought of or talked of, Tho prese itself was hardly aware of its nature, The public bad really mover known that Jevremsoir Davis waa responsiblo for tho cruel horrors of Anderaonville. The indignation which followed upon tho revelations of tho Coogressional In- vestigating Commuttoo were exponded upon Wiz, who was hanged, and upon Wispem, who was struck dead in his tont. Davis somo- Low escaped. When this bill reached tho Bonato, howevor, last winter, it was more caro- fully considered aud it was then put on the shelf. The peoplo eveu then did not know of the full measuro of Davis' guilt. It was not un- ¢il Mr, Braise mode tho charges, and Mr. Gan- FIELD proved them, that tho pooplo of the Unitod Btatos had a clear or oorroct coucoption of tbo focts in tho csse. If those facts bad boen known last winter, or the charges had been categorienlly made, tho bill novor would have pasaed tho ITouse. Tue Ciicado Trisune wad silont thien bocauso it was not awaro of tho facts In tho case In regard to the guilt of Davis, It jthad boon, 1t would have spoken out as it hna zocontly, ‘The Domoeratio papers can cone eola thomuelves, howovor, with tho reflection that they have bad to shonldor Davia' enormities, owing totho nction of tho Democrats in tho House. If thoy had not opposed Mr. BLAINg's amondmpnt for a soparato voto, no discnsslon would have takon place aa to amnesty for tha 739 ottier persons cmbraced in tho oposations of tho bill. X0 the Edlter of The Chlcaso Tribuna : CHICAGO, Jan, 2).—I Haw {u Titx Tumone of this morulng your littla chirp of tritunph over tha yepeal of tho * doghan Lill ¥ ia thio Obio Logistaire, Now will you publish the Goghan bill,—1t la shiorl,—aud thien "stato tho reasons why the Itepublican’ pasty shou!a use tholr Uit majority * (o ropeal that Jaw ¥ Yours respoctfully, T, AL Mo, ‘Tho Goghan law having boen printed two or threo timos In our columus, aud also commont- od on oditorlally, need not be again insortod. Tho principlo of the Iaw wo thought to bo right, and sald so. But it was hold in Ohio to bo &ne perfluous, as all the soctd bad equsl accoss to thae prigons and reformatarios for tho purposs of giving roligions instruotion or consolation. Binca tho repoal of the Geghan sct, Ohlo atanda on the samo footing aa Ilinols does, and nobody 1n this State Is proposing tho onactmont of a Goghan law, bocauso 1t is nat deemod necessary, Geauar himself ran for re-olection from Cincia- natl lnst full, and wes aleastrously dofeated,— falling thousands of votes bohind bLis ticket, The Cinciooatl Enquirer,” the Domo- cratio organ, bitterly opposed him, and callod upon the Domocratlc voters to elsughtor him st the polls, which they did uot fall todo. ‘Tho Enquirer denounced bim for Introducing hia ** flrobrand * bill futo the provious Loglulaturo, sud making it & test of party fealty, sud threatening the Domocratio loaders with futuro defeata it they failed to support it. The Domocratio members at this seysion votod againet the repeal for fear of making the Catholio priests and votera angry, but thoy socrotly rojoico that the Lill is re- pealod. —_—— Tha Ogta Connty (Iil.) Reporter, the oldost and widest-circulated papor in tho county, hag boen boldiug & Frosidential election of ita own smoug ite subscribers, aud, ay the frac straw, the rosults are worth noting: 579 of its sub- scribers anawerod tho ciroular request for thelr proferences for the noxt President, and prosent- ©d no loes than eight candidates,—WasRBURNE, Buaixe, Loas¥, Dix, Bououanp, Ouascxy Foaxcis Apans, Graxt, snd Keas, with the following vote: E.I. Waunoune, 8i8; Bratxs, 198+ Loaax, 12; Dix, 6 Borcuanp, 5; Geant, ' G; Apiws, 8; Kznw, 1. The vots Hm‘mh‘ noarly every town in the county, and showy quite conclusively how old Ogle wonld vota, i #Lo had hor own way, at tho Prosidentlal gles, tion, Nany of the voters oxprossod thelr profareuce for Brains at the hesd and Wasy. BURNE in tho socond place, and viceversy, Hoy tho man who voted for Kenn happeus to takg tho Heporter wado not know. Ho la probably open to conviction. If so, the Meporier wi convert him to Republicanism bofare next faly, Tho Times hsa really made s good foke fer onco,—a fact that desorves rocogaition, It iy not Jesting on fact, but, despits the proverb, i baa a sting. Tho lnading editorial in yesterday'y Times gravoly congratulstes Mr. CoLvIx on hiy resignation of tha offico ho fa usurpiug, It re. viewa hia officlal carcor, his llaison with thy gamblors, his allinoco with offeial thioves, hig foolistness, his steady porsistenca in dolng whay ought 1ot to bo dono, and his not doing whay ought to be done. It quotos his resignation, which is worded in much botter English thay that in which ho uttered clumay compliments to Lord Durreny and clumey ineults to KALARADa, ond clogos with & tax-payers’ jubilato over the ono thing houorable in his publly careor~hig reslgnation, Alsa! tbis Is ali buot ® fancy, Cowvix still clutches at place and polf, and our contomporary’a jest but {llustrates tho poeyy aayiog s Tho saddest words of tonguo or pen Aratlissas 1t might bave beon, —— e Tho Momphis Avalanche, odited by an ex. Contedorato saldier, while still an, organ of thy Houthern Demaoracy, {8 modorate and, ressons. bleintono and statement. To ita more flary contemporary, the Memphis Appeal, it 1ays, con. cotning the Ambosty dobato: * In Congress in such diecussions tho Domocratic party Lias much to loso nud nothing to gain.” It refuses to champion Jerr. Davis, aud says : 1Iu tho presont and future politics of this conntry wa do not cousider Mr, DavIa a4 sar_oloment or possiLis factor, and it {s unwise ou the part of tho Damocratis party to make him one, even for tho momont. Practi cally lis representa notaing in the liva isauca of to-day, 10r in thosa of fo-morrow. fle lias rotired from pubh e life forover, and ix as muck of a hiatorical character 88 ANRAUAM LINCOLX. Let bislory fifty years hency dothem justico, It cinnot ba done now, ~As to Drx, iLr's epecch, we beliovo that it has done harm. iy has disgusted the Westorn and Northorn Damocrats, und while Lo assumes to represent tha aoldiar—Coas federate—element, ho simpl diaplaye mors soal {haa Qiscretton in the solf-imposed work, Mr. Marrzsoy, tho English impresario ang agont of Mtle. TiTteNs, who is now i New York, i8 not very complimontary to American consiate oucy in sconle arrangoments or to the tasto of the Amorican peoplo in submitting to anachironfsm without protost, In sn fnter. viow with tho Now York Arcadian, speaklng of tho rocont porformaunces of **Norms," ho was surprised that thoy put Timexs aa s Druid pricstoss in a Grook tomplo with modern eatin hangiugs, o atatue of Jove iu thn contre, and g viow of tho Rhino at ‘tho back! And Mr. Ma. viesoN -follectively addod: * If the Evgllah people would stand that kind of thiug, 1'd make o fortuno overy scason.” Mr. Marizson's ground of complaint was well taken. Tho fault to which ho alludes may bo observed in overy theatro in tho Umtod States. Wil the Chics rs condcecend fo exphain to Dutighted world new” the Ton, OARTrE. ARuoN Gapui o o wiccted o momber of Congreas from that eifulgent metropolis 7==Cincinnati Commeretal, A tidal-wave swopt over the land that fall and ooguifed tho Ropublican party. A hundred Ropublican districts wore swopt away or covered withh Domocratio wators, It was on this wave that tho oforcsald flontod inte Congress, al. though he ran n thonsand or more votea bebind Lis ticket, and was declared olocted by seren majority. o tho product of one of thosa remarkable political tornadoes which sweop through n country about once in' twenty-Ave yonrs.' Such mon, hawever, speedily drop out of Congross, nnd oro never hoard of sgain, ‘Chiat will bo Qur OAnTER'S fato—surd, Alt biographors agree that BmemipAw owed much of s talent and auccess to hia brilliant mother, but tho oxtont of tha debt hus only ro- oontly beou approciated. In 1864, Covewrny Paruons presented a collection of old plsys, which onco bolonged to Snenipay, to the British Musoum. .Somo ono bLos just found smong them the origival of & play by Mrs. Suenipax, “The 'Trip to Bath,” It contsina a numbor of scoues which the ou ueed iu his play of *The Rivals,” und one of Itacharactors, Mrs. Tryfort, is the famous Afrs. Malaprop. ‘The son borrows #ome of Mrs, Malaprop's most amusiug blun- ders from Mrs, Truforl. Thus *The Rivals” which hay beca called the beat comody avar writ- ton, woa really the jolut product of mothor and 8o, —_—— Tho Februsry dflantic contains & case of tne conacious plagiarism. In Epgas Faworrrs “*‘Co-morrow,"” are the lineas —the world, with all its freight of souls, Wheels on through darkuess to anothior day, Loxorerrow eays, in the *Hangiog of the Civno ™' 5 —the world that rolly With il La frelght of troubled souls, 1nto tho days that aro to ba, ———e ¥ The duty on epool throad yields the counmtry abous {100,000 of roveuue, and the favored fow manulacturers of it many times as much. Bowe g women furnlsh thoir own thread, as a rules, and each one of them baa to mako about ten slirta s.year in ordor to pay the tax collectod from her by * protectod " manufacturers, TERBONAL, Totterdam Winslow is tho popular foast amony tho solid mon of Boston. - Rubinatoln Is not becoming bited. Tho repord to that offoct heis boen contradiotod. ~ The Ciucinuat! Commercial calls Maohfshon “ tho bullot-headod Proaidont of Prance.” Bhoot that head ! Mies Doaumont, the opora-singer who left Kel- logg to joiu Titlons, is, in private lfe, Mrs. QGoorgo Loveday. 3 “ Our Cartor ™ woa horribly msngled in Tum TrinuNg presa yesterday, aud came oud **Alr, Cartor.” Buch is fazne, ‘Phio death of tho wife of Willlam Lloyd Qs rison 18 chirouiclod fo the Woman's Journal as & great loss to tho causo of woman's suffrage. = Aia. Lowory, “tbe coiwertod sctrees™ and ro- vivalist, now preachlng in Brooklyn, has a dis- sgreoable voica and fignry, and is not abundans- 1y blossed by nature in featatre, If Mr. Diaino Lisa *a littta pup,” why didos to oxhibit at tho Ohicago DogSliow ? Then we should havo iad eome consolation for loang the Nations! Ropublican Convontion. Mra. Van Cott aays the inhanitsats of Nowark aro the most stubborn and stiff-nooked she has mot in all her rovival experlenge, Mru, Vas Cott haa not travoled much in Now' Jersey, Winalow was foud of choica flowers, and nsel tohave s box of the rarest in tha market men! to bis country house every wook, winter sod summor. Ho is now Limaelf a delisnte exotle, The Graphio bas doep-ses soundings from Winslow, the fugitive forger of Doatow, to. the ©effoot that hie is not willing to staud » Arial, bas will consent, to go befors an Advisory Qouncll, Alfongo ia acousod of being a very nsughty boy, Ho has dozons of Madrid besutivs **on tho string,"” all of whom beliera that they will be Queen of Spain ans of theso sunshiny dsya Hammond baa stirrod up the hoathen fn Lane caater, Pa. About 1,000 persous have veon ndded to tha churches, and thors bas ot beew & watvrmslon stolen in, the county sinoce lass su! mer. > Edgar Fawcett's new novel, soon to be pud: lished by G.'W. Carloton & Co., I8 outitle ‘*Asaon’ Eara.” Tho reader ls advised to aayer taln without unnecessary delay wheihios hie bes 1oat anything, The New York Tribune publishes the follow~ ing atstement: *Mr, J, H. MoViaker has boaghd up sl claims of all creditors against the estats of Mr. Edwin Booih. The history of fhis baoke ruptey; it over made publis, will sogage ths pub-