Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 11, 1875, Page 8

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 11, 1875.—~TWELVE "PAGEB, - TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. BAYYA 0P FTIECRIPTION (TATARLE IX ADVANCEL Poetage Prepntd nt ihis Onice. Darly Ciition, post-rale, | year, .812.00 Tarts af seazat P e 10 ang addrees FOUR WEFED f > ok RaMion: Titorary and Mazio e 3 The postage 1s 1.3 eonta & year, which we will prepay. £pecimen copiea eent free, Toptevent delay and mbidakor, be wure and Rive T t0flco aldrers fn fall, nclurling Stvtaand Counis, Ttomi'4ancen mray be mads elther Ly drafl, exjaohy atonriles, . Datig, delivared, Hunday ineluda Addrear THE TRIIUS Corner Afadiron awl Dearborn-sta,, Chicage, il o e e THE WEEKLY TRIBUNE, Trr Cirieans Wrnate TRIDUNE for Des, 8 contains the Prosident's Mceage, Rapotis of tho Secretary of tho Treasury, Secrefary of War, Bacrotary of the Navy, the Iostoster-Gonersl, Comuiseloner of Laud Ofer, ol the seeviea Tleport. The procood- g8 of tho Detnocestiv aud tha openiug ses- Afons of the Forty- gress ara given n full, with deneription of ueenes and fncidonts, Al fhis in ad-lition to {ho goneral nows aud tha Hterart and mis- erbancosn readfing dncluded 1 the following s Partienlare of the Tavaps of Twead; Tha Beuzeses tion Horror fn Chieagn; Reeord of the Whieky-Ring; “Frials andd Egpovitras st 8t Lonta and other Dointa ] itistory of ths Penatrn Frauds ar Philadeiphing Hee 2t on the Inter.Oceantc Ship.Canals Cioslng Hes- ston of the National Grange; Blalne’s Letter Bug jog & New Coustftulionsl Amendment sa to Reetaran Beboois; Au Unwritten War Cbaptor; Tho Secret Movement Aglust Mexico; An Wistorical and Topographical Bietch of Nobraska; Mrs, Moulton's Reiily to tho Lotter of Pigmouth Chnreh The Triple Muner ot Cleveland ; The Ku-Klux in Grundy Conitie 1y, 1L, and the Rucord of atker Criminal Cases; The Lourbon Programimo an to Bouthern Claims; The Coal 2tine Disssier In Lngland; Foerelgn sud Home Newn; Many Thmew Marrled; A Htartling Story oe to Johu €, Colt, the Murderers Tha Slesp- 122 Ireacher ctd Ity Wouderful Clafi nt Powers ) Ceuseof the Similavity of Twing fisf In Colors- +la; Editoriala on tho President's Mesesge. The Pens xion Frauds, Secreary Drlatow's Rejoct, Tho Gresus . Mr, Lamat's Kpeech, Tho Nomination of Kerr Hpeaker, Mr. Miaincs Jropored Constitutional \tiendment, Southers Claima Beforo Cougress; and Aie epeciat deprrtments Literatare, Tho Fiuo Artw, 3parks of Belence, amiliar Tulk, Forelgn Goslp, Fastlon, Gosstp for the Ladics, 1fwmor, Persousl, tho Mory “Blno Hatin Naww,™ DBlogmpbicsl txelches, #urm ana Garden, Field and Stable, Financialand Uommarclal, Subacribers should make an efort to have thelr anb. seriptions tezan at the carliest date porsiblo s that tusy may have tire Congressiouu] Itecord complete, T AMUSEMENTS. HOOLEY'S TITEAT Latulic. Calturnia Mivetreln, sad cveuing, CHICAGD THSATRE—Clark elrect, hatwoen pl aud Lake, Enguiement of Kelly & Leon's Siastrels, Afternoonund evening. ADELPUI THEATRE~Dearborn pA0 . Variety cutertalumont, udolph strost, betwoen Aftornoon street, cornor Afternoon and Madison street, between Lyrburn wnd Biat agesaent of May Howsed, 4fictucon s *Tie New Magdaten.” Lveniug: *Bolid Elver,” ource etrest, between Dear- b," Afternoonand evening, The Chicagy Tiibune, Saturday Morning, Decomber 11, 1875. WITH SUPPLEMENT. Greoubacks, at the New York Gold Ex- change yesterdny, opened ot 875 nnd ctosed at 873, The weather man at Washington pradicts that the people of this loeality will have to endure more cloudiners to-day, while tho tempernture will romain aboat stationary, The sulutary elTeot of tho proseention of the Whisky Ring in Milwaukes is perceived in the fact that internal revenue collections upon distilled spirits have largely increased. Honesty is the best policy, but it has taken roveral months to populnrize that beautiful scutimont in connection with the manufacture of whisky. The Agricultural Department roport for Kovewber shows that the corn crup of 1875 wog one-fourth larger than that of 1874, and one of the heaviest ever grown in America. The samo is true of potatoes, in quality a3 woll as in quantily ; whilo all tho tobacco- growing States show a large increass of product. With this ofileiul assuranco of cheap whisky, plenty of tobacco, aud menly potatoes, there ought to ba observed here- aftor o marked folling off in the suicids sta. tistics, "f'he ¥on, Alsux Bascs, of Lacon, Tll., has boen appointed fo succeed Mr. Wanp as Unitod Hiaten District-Attornoy for the Northern District of Ilinois. Mr. Bavgy was strongly urged for the place, and it is belivved that the seleetion fa in every way ex- cellent, The now ivupnbent will not be ammpered by proviow peisonal friendship for portics whotu ho may bocaliod upon to procesd againat with soverity, and his sutocedents as s lawyor of ability and a monof integrity sarmut the expoctation that tho war against sho ** crooked " ilk in Chicago will be pughed vith vigor under the capabls bud officient lirection of Ar. Bixos. Minnesota is to have & Btate Iosbriate Anylum, snd the liquor-scliers will have to lout tho bill, the Bupremo Court laving tecently suetained tho constitutionality of the iaw ituposing a tax for this purpose. Gov, Uavis yesterday appointed & Board of Direc- tors of the Asylum, which is to bo located at Rochouter, and work will comonce early in tho spring. 'The Dircotory consists of the ton. J, A, Lroxanp, editor of the Rochester Post, ond formerly State Benator - from Olmsted County ; W. L. Witsox, 8t, Paul ; C. D, CraxpaLy, Owatonnn ; C, A, WaeaToN, Northfield, sad J. Q. A, Fansen, Spriog Val- ¢y, Afund of 810,000 ix nlready on hand, aud §30,000 more will probably have been )Ulillrfl)tllod by the liquor.sellers by the 1st of « July. ‘I'he Chicago produce markets were irregu. lar yesterday, Moss pork was in falr de- wond and a shade finner, closing at 819,15 ©19.174 cash, and 319.40 seller February. Lard was less octive aad easier, closing at £12,80 per 100 I1bs cash and $12.474@12.50 {or February, Meats wore less activeand firm, at7jo for shoulders, 10}o for short ribs, and 100 for short cloars, all boxed. Highwines were quiet and stendy, st $1.11 por jallon. Flour. was dull and unchanged. Whaeat waa less aotive and declined 1o, clos- ing at 9836 onuh, aud 96jc for January, Corn was moro active and stronger, cloiing at 48j0 Jor Dacsmber and 450 for January. Oats were quiet aud essier, closing at 80}c cash snd 80}o for Januwy., Rye was stasdy at ¢3@68je, Darley was quiet and unchanged, ¢leaing st 870 for Decomberand 80)c forJau. onev. ope wore faisly notive and 130 lower, Poskene gradas sellng &) §0.85@7.10, The cattle trade was dull at Tharsday's pricea. Eheep were firm, Ore hundrgd dollars it goid would Luy $114.37) in greenbacks at the close, Yesterday was the duy set apart for the ex- eentiou of two murderers in the vicinity of New York. DBut one hanging took place— that of Wizriast Druasey, who in August last bratally murdered Capt. Lawnesce on board n schooner iu Cow Day. The other con. damued murderer waa Joity Doras, who was triad and convictod for Lilling Mre. James 3L Noux, who came to his death wkilo attempting to eserpover nud take into enstody a musen- Isr burglar whom ho caught in the net of robbing his prewises, Dozay was convicted upon purely circumrtantisl evideaco, and on the day beforo tho date fixed for Lix oxecution CGov, TILDEY granled n veprieve of onn week upon the strength of tho repre- sentation thet new and importent evidence Lad been discovered, Both murders occurred in Angust Iast, and in both cases tho course of justica hes been unusually swift for Now York, Tho unpleasantness which oceurred be- tween the Administration and ex-Senator HexpErgoy, in conwequenca of tho latter's auimndversions upon the President in the courso of hin nrgument as nssisting counsel for the Government in the Avenv trial, has resulted in an order relieving Mr, HryoErsoN from any further connection with the prose- cntion of the Whisky Ring in 8t, Louis. ‘Fhis determinstion wns tho unanimons ver- dict of the Cabinet, sll tle members being of ono mind s to the propricty of this course, The view wns taken that the lenguage of Mr. Hexprnsox concerning Presidential imerfercuce in interaal revenne appointments and nssignmonts was giatai- tous, nnwarranted, and highly objectionnble, The unanimity of sentimont in tho Cabinet upon this question is significant as proving conelusively that there is no lack of harmony on the subject of the Whisky Ring prosecu- tions, and that the eplit betweon the Presi- dent and Secretary BatsTow, which has been predicted and hoped for by ths guilty and their friends, is as far off and as improbable ay over. YUNDING THE GREENBACKS, There is one point which the Secratary of the #'reasury brings oul very clearly and emphatically in his recont report, viz. : The pledged foith of tho Governuient to provide for the redemption or funding of the legal. tender notes, Tho act of February, 1862, whielt authorized the first issuo of 150,000, 000 of greenbacks was entited ** Anact toan- thorize tho issue of United States notes, and for the redemption or funding thereof.” That net, 0s o matter of fact, provided for the funding of the preenbecks, ot the option of the lholder, into United Btates 5-20 Londs, bearing G per cent gold inter- est. The next issue of $150,000,000— July 11, 1862—wny mado, tho Seeretary snys further, under this same pledge,—that i3, that the holders of the greenbneks should havo the privilege of converting them into gold-benring bonds whoneser they sow fit, 1t is truo that this provision was subsequently repenled by Congress, but in doiug so Con- gress comnmitted an act of bad faith and was guilty of o violation of contract, Buch s re- Deal cannot releaso the Government from its original pledge, which was only in keeping with tho ecconomio Iaw of all civilized nations which forbids the iden of o permauent irre- detmabla paper-currency, The duty of the Government is emphasized still further by the language of the Bupreme Court of the United States, quoted by the Seeretary of the Treasury, where the Court sAYS: Apart from fhe quality of legal-teuder fmpresseid up- a6 them by acth of Congrecs, of which wa can now say uoliing, their circulation a8 currency depends upon the extent to whick tiey aro recelved in payment. the quantity 10 ciroulation, and on the credit glvon to the promises they bear, In other reapects thiey resomble the bank-notes formerly fentied as currency, Lut, on the othor Lund, it is equally clear that those niotos are olligations of tha United Btates, Thelr name tmports obligution, Every one of them expresscs upon 118 faco nn engagement of tho natlon to pay the besrer acertnin anm, The dollar note f« on engagement to 1y & doltar, and the dotlur tntended ia the com dollur of the United States—3 cortain nuantity i weight and sin:ness of wutd and siteer, authenticated aa such by the stamp of the Government, hin language, {akien *in connection with the pledgo of Congress gipon the originel iwue of the legal-tunder notes, leaves uo room for the * greenbockers” to claim that there in any prospoct for eventually shirking tho redemption of the Treasury notes in the recognized monoy of the world, Together they show that it was never intonded that the ‘I'rewury notes should be a permanent imsue, and that the SBapreme Court will admit of no construction of their charncter which does not include their vltimate payment in speele, like any other bond, note, or obligation. If the position needed any strougthening, it is supplied by a later nct of Congross,—2Xurch 18, 186, —whercin it wos declared ihat “ the United States solomnly pledges its faith to muke provision at tho enviiest praclicable period for the rodemption of the United Htates notes in cofn.” 'This act merely in- terpreted and supplentonted tha pruvious pledges of Cougress and the verdict of the Bupreme Court thereon, Thero is but one way in which the United States Goverument can honorably avoid the immediate payment of its Treasury notes,— which on their face call for paymont on de- mand,—nand that is by funding them as pro- vided in the original act by which thoir fscue woy authorized. This is tho nature of the proposition wmade by the Hecretary of the ‘Ireasury and indorsed by the President, providiug for the conversion of the green. bucks into a United States gold-besring bond stalow rate of interest and running fora long term of years, 'The moment this privi- lego is accorded to holders of greenbacks, at their own aption, the United States will have redeaned the plodgo it mado when the green- backs were tirst fssuod. It Ia o falr oritieisin on the limitation of thess redemption bonds to $2000,000 & mouth that tho na- tional foilh is not fully maintained Ly.such a plan, bat that the hold. oru of greenbucks should be entitlsd to fpud thew into s bond whonever and to whatever extent they may sco #it, Hed this provision of the original act never Leen re- pealed, greenbacks would alwayy have had tho same value, and wa would not new bo sufferiog the ills of an irredecinable currency. "The restoration of the right of funding, be. uides being a simple act of good faith, will do more than anything except the actual payment in gold could do to give tho greon. backs & stesdy and uniform value, approx. imating a par value in gold; and, if the quality of legal-tender is added to thess re. demption bonds as to payment of old debts, there will be no sacrifice of tho interests of what Is called tho * debtor class " in order to regain the position which shonld never have toen sbandoned, One thing is certainy The acts of Congress aud ths Suprems Comt's oconstruotion thereof require eithar the pay- ment of the Unitedd States notes in coin or their fouding in gold bonds. ‘he Intter is the enaier and more nilvisabla course, COLLECTION OF CITY TAXES. Tho Chicago 7¥mes 18 n 1aw unto itself in most matters. Ita treatment of tho eollee- tion of city taxes is not an excrption to the rule. It eays that the Town Collectors have no anthority whatover to collect city taxes, nud ndvises everybody to resist payment to them, It would unguestionably s much mora desiruble to pay everything in the shapo of taxes at one timo and plice, viz. : to tha County Tremsurer, und Cook County coulid very well afford to dispenso altogother with tbe Town Collectors und their sasociates in the Town Boards: but this fact does not chauge the Iaw s it stands, which auliorizes the Town Collcetors to collect the city toxes, Of coursv they cannot enfores the collection of the tax on real estate, and everybody will poy that tux directly to tho County I'rens- urer, Tut they can, under Bee, 27 of the Internal Ievenue Iaw, issne o distress for tha pemionsl tax, and collect it by a sale of the property levicd upon, Tn fixing the compens sation for the work which the Town Collect- o do for the city, it should bLe kept in mind that they will colleet nothing but the personal tax, and the proportion of that which they collect will depend upon the jundgment and energy with which they dis. charge their dnties. ¢ The law, both in the General Incorporation act of 1872 and the Gaeneral Revenue nct, contemplates that the Town Collectors shall collect the city tax. See. 111, Art, VIIL, of the General Incorporation act provides that the Council shnll pass an ordinance beforo the second Tucsday of Septembor in each year, fixing the nmount of approprintions for ench fiscal year, and that a certified copy of such ordinance shall be filed with the County Clerk, whose dnty it is to ascertain the mte and extend such tax on “‘the book or books of the Collector or Collectors of State and county taxes within snch city or village.” The following section provides that * the tax #o nsacssed shall be colloctod and enforcod in tho same manner and by the same officers as State nnd conunty taxes, and slall be paid over by the ofticers collecting the same to the Trensnrer of the city or village.” 'Iho Town Collectors, under the present charter, are therefors just as much anthorized to collect city tnxos ag they are county taxes, with the single differenco that they can enforce the collection of the personal tax but not of the renl tax. The Revenue Jaw is equally explicit, Sees, 127 and 128 of that law provido that the County Clerks shall determine the rate of tax for incorporated cities within their limits, and that sueh city taxes shall bo ex- tended tho samo a8 Stato and county taxes, Hac. 132 of the same act provides for a Col- lector's warrant to colleet the several taxes, and Sec, 138 provides tbat the warrant shall dircct tho Town Collector to pay over to the City Trensurer tho city taxes he may collect. Sec. 164 of the Revenne act requires that the Town Collectors shall render n statement of the city trxes collcoted every thicty dnys, if required to do 80 by the proper city authori- ties, nnd nlvo pay over the amwounts so col- lected. This provision is materially tho sama a3 that relative to the county taxes in the next section, Tho simple fact is that, under tho goneral law, the city taxes are to bo collected in the same manuner and by tho same ofticers ps the Stato and county taxes. Bo long as our Town Collectors aro retained 83 o part of our system, they have as much anthority over city taxes ns over State and county taxos, They have means for enforcing the colloction of the personnl tax for both city rod connty ; bat not-of the real tax, tho pay- nient of which may be deferred and made directly to the County Treasurer. * HORE!" The population of the country incrensed 40 per cent in tho fourteen yoars between 1860 and 1874 Tho ordinary exponses of tho Government increased 200 per cent in green- bzeks in the pame time, In 1860, the ordi- nary expenaes of the Covernment were 563,010,158 in gold; in 1874 they were 178,518,088, exclusive of the interest on tho publie debt, but inclusive of $30,000,000 of pensions, At this rate the taxes are grow- ing much fastor thav the population. Biar. Tuvd paled beforo the imposaibility of find. ing food for the futire horden of mankind ; tho Ameriean tnc-payer sees the problem of over-taxation quite outstrippiug that of over- populetion. We have hod a war that im. poverished while it cxhilerated us; then wo lad o panic and collapse that has left us feeling poor and nlmost despond- eot. Al great industries and trades nre de- pressed far below their condition dyring the War, and a%o the people are forced to the practico of unusunl economy, A represontn. tive Governtuent should ropresent its citizens in their parsimiony ay well ag in their politics. ‘When the people spend less, tha Government must epend less. Tho estimates of expendi- ture for the ensuing fiscal year, that of 1877, submitted to Uongress by Secretary Bristow, are not framerd, we aro sorry to be campelled to stato, on any such principle; on the contrary, thoy weemn to rest mpon what might be called a Malthusian theory of finance—that taxetion must inocroase faster than tho means of paying taxes. ‘T'he appropriations obtained from the last Congresa reached the héavy total of $23,- 166,177.567, including the intorost on the pub. lic debt. But this year the Scerotary wants taincrenso tho mule-pack, He asks a Domo- cratio House of Representatives to vote the Government n total of £314,012,608.48, This is an increaso of $:21,440,431 over last year. Hero are some of the items of increaso: The milltary cetablishment wants $1,400,000 more for truveling and general exponses. At a tine wheo clvilians are, perforce, staying at home aud wpending leas than evor for their owa travelng, thoy do not feel in the humor to contribute extra taxes to eond ormy officers on extra journeys in time of peace. The Quartermaster’s De- partment wants about half o million dollare more, and the samo increase is avked for trapgportation. 'The sgitation for cheop funerals hoa not yet reached the army; an incroase of 66 per cent fa msked in the ap- propriation for the national cematerics. The estimate for orduanco i{s more than double the sum grauted last year, and that for the armamont of fortifications leaps from §75,000 to B1,200,000, The total increcse asked for by the War Department, in & time of profound and un- threatoued peace, is 5,000,000 The total estiates foot up $88,607,178: the appropri. atlons last year were 928,054,087, and in 1800 were 310,473,202, 'The naval establishment wanta more; for pay, §1,350,000 more ; private pay-rolls must docrease the more, if this in granted; for arming vessals, §510,000 move | for equipping veasula, §250,000 more; for ropairs, $300,000 {hom, not bring, at the ontside, more than $135,- 000,000 to 140,000,000 in gold, so that tho loss in revenuo will be fully $20,000,000 in moro; for steam machinery, #100,000 more, The total inerrass the Navy Depectment 00,000, 'The total estimates are Linst yenr tho approprintions ro $17,316,308; in 1860 they were $11,- A14,610, Under tho head mincellnncons thero are somo unexpected ndditions propused to tho national expeuses, The abolition of the franking privilego has not effected tho pro- dicted economy in the publio printing, for which $1170,000 more is wanted; the current cxpensen of tho Treasury Buildings are to cont £300,000 more; the Innd-grant railroads have eaten up & good desl of the publio lands, but it is to cost #3U5,000 oxira to survey thom thia year, ‘I'ho miscellancons pecount wants $3,800,000 ndditional 1axes. But of this 32,000,000 is for payment of judgments of the Court of Claims. The total avited for in £13,881,185, ngninst 10,034,857 laet year, Public worka, national and mmnicipal, are expensive luxuries, A million nore than the 21,150,000 approprinted Inst yoar is nsked for Custotn-House buildings ; for arsenals, nearly lislf & million moro; for fortifications, ®1,200,000 more; for ‘buildings and grounds” abont Wnshinglon, $1,100,000 more, which will not tond to rovive the lost luxury of private landscape gardeming; for other buildings, half o million more; for navy-yards, balf auillion more; and for jm- praving harbors and rivers, $14,201,100 is asked, which is §8,000,000 more than last year! Tor pnblic works the overworled tax-payer is invited to contribute $11,700,000 moro than last yesr. The total catimato is $28,- #91,410, 'The appropriation lnst year was 814,755,062, 'This Congress will hardly respond favor- ably to these extravagant demands. WILL 8ENATOR BOGY RISE AND EXPLAIN P Senator Boox has introduced into the Benate of the United Statos a bill which au- thorizes the payment of import dutics in greenbacks. Wo have some queations to put 1o tho Senator thereon. Our columny are open for tho reply which he may vouchsafe. Your bill, Benotor, outside of its subject- matter, domands our consideration upon two grounds, viz.: Itis the first Democratic mens- ure Inid before the Forty-fonrth Congress. Unloss disavowed, it will natarally be taken 08 a foreshadowing of the policy which the Demoeratic party, in the Sennte at least, means to pursue on the most importaut ques- tiou now bofore the country,~—that of finance. In the socond placo, you represent the sister Stato of Mlissouri, bound to Illinois by many ties of interest and friendship. Bexton and Scrnunz are greater names than Boar and Cocmnrin, but perhs ps you and your colleague may yot do something worthy of your place. At any rate, we call npon you, as the Senatorinl mouthpicce of Mis- souri, to explain and ‘defond your bill, to answer the questions we are about to put. If, as we believe, yon nre treading marshy land, your reply will afford you an oppor~ tunity of gracefully extricating Senator Boay from the bog. Would not your projeet produce mub- stantially the following results : The Govern- ment, instend of receiving %1G0,000,000 gold o year from customs, .would get about the samd number of greenback ‘‘dollars,” At present the Sccrotary of the Treasury is re- quired to pay from this sum, in round num- bers, 185,000,000 for interest on the un. tional debt and for the sinking fund,—$102,. 000,000 for the former and $$33,000,000 for tho latter, Ho then has 325,000,000 in gold, svhich he can either hoard for purposes of re- sumption or sell for greenbacks with which to defray curront expenses. The twoitoms of in. terest and winking fund by contract with the publio creditors must be paid in gold. 'The Becrotary of the Treasury would therefore have to go into the market with his $160,- 000,000 of greenbacks, received: from duties, ond buy gold. o eannot sell bonds for the purposo of meeting these two items; he has no authority to do so, and the plan wounld add $135,000,000 a yoar to the publio debt. He cannot force sy one to buy his green- backs or to give any pasticular price in gold for thom, what they will bring, for what the gold- All he can do is to sell them for brokers are willing to give in cxchange for is 160,000,000 in greenbacks will gold. As our income and outgo just nbont balance ench othor,—there will ho o deflelency of 20,000,000 for tho fiseal year, —this will noceasitate tha levy of new taxes yielding to the amount of fally 23,000,000 per snnum, to be sbatracted from the pock. ats of the peoplo. As your party put itself on record, last session, against the purcly revenua tax on ten and coffee, some other commodities must bo burdenod with a still higher protective tax to fill the hole in the Treagury left by your scheme of receiving duties fn owrroncy, But our tariff is already &0 high, as tho message of the President and the report of the Secretary of the Treasury show, that it iz well-nigh prohibitory, and hias decreasod the revenue 0,000,000 during the post year, Any further incroase of “protoction” rates would, therefore, still farther diminish our receipts, Your plan involves, then, fimt largely cutting down our national income, and then trying to restore it by levying taxes that will out it down etill further! The plan aluo involven Bacretary Brurow's going into the market to Luy vast quantities of gold and running the chance of being prevented, by corners and speculative schemes, from get. ting tho gold whioh now surely comes to him, and which fu absolutely necessary for the honest and honorable discharge of our most solemn national obligations, How is your plan to do what you claim for it in the way of incressing our prosperity, hastening the resumption of specie-pay- meniy, and apprecinting tho greenbacks? Wo are glad to note, by the way, that you have chaoged your viowsapd now bellove in resmnption, although so ignorant of the way to bring it sbout. Aund now, Benator Boay, will you please rise and explain? The procesdings of the military Court of Inquiry in the caso of Col. Bancoox have come to a sudden halt, pending the result of the legal Investigution of his ocase at Bt. Louls. At the opening of the Court yester. dry morning, Gen. Hacoox saked the con. ourrencq of the other members of the Court in a postponsment of the inquiry, inasmuch as the formal indiotment of Col, Bancocx at 8t, Louis would secure Lim afull and fair trial before an impartial jury, and therefore the peceasity of convoning a military court for the determination of Lis guilt or {nno. oence no longer. existed. Following upon this suggestion, the Court received a lotter from Col, Basocock himusslf, requesting an ad- journmant of a fe daya to give lum time to popay 0 anewer the indltment found of a crime, romnin there a long time. ngningt him, The letter wos taken under advirement, and in n brief time the Judge Advocnta announced the unanimous decision of tho Court “that the Court adjourn from day to day nntil the avidence upon the sub. ject of our inquiry shall receive that definito and conclusive shape which shall be im. preased upon it by the verdiet of the jury, or until {ts action—hnving been referred to the War Departmont, with oar opinion that our procoedings should bo stayed during the pro- coedings of tho court of Iaw—shall have been conflirmod.” In view of the facty that, 8+ Glen. IIascock snys, the military is subor. dinnte to the eivil nnthorities, and agaiu that the offenscs alleged were committed in the civil and mot in the military service, the Court has ncted very judiciously in postponing action pending the legal investigntion at St. Louls, Any other coume would have been unsatisfactory hoth to tho Court and to Col. Bancock bim- self, and eould have accomplished nothing, Tho first thing to bo settled is tho civil inves- tigntion. If tho St. Lounis jury fiuds him to Do innocent of the charges preferred agalnst him, which we bolievo it will, thero will be nonced of 8 subsequent military investiga- tion, Ifit finds him guilty, it will bo very dificalt for the military Court to break the forca of that decision and convinco the conn. try of his innocence. Whatever may be the docision of the jury, the action of tha mill- tary tribunal 1n postponing its consideration of tho case is timely and discreet. A COLOSBAL BPEQULATOR RUINED. The details of tho ruiu of the great German speculator, Srrousnsna, utterly dwarf into insignificance the speculations of JAx Gourp, the unfortunate RirsroN, Jay Cooke, and other American fiuanciers, wiose operations we hava been accustommed to look upon as colossal. The record of hia lifo and his schomes reads like o chapter taksn out of fiction. 1orr Stnovspzno was first known a8 o toncher of lauguages in the United Btates, from which humble station he rose to a placo whers ho dealt with hundreds of mill- iona of monoy in every part of Europe, His visit to Amerien was shott, and he next ap- peared in London end afterwards in Berlin, bat it was not until 1870 that ho began to altract public aAttention as s colossal speculator. At that time he had im- mense sums of money at Lis disposal and almost unlimited oredit. He was a railway contractor in sevoral European Statea no engine manufacturer and proprietor of threo of the largest iron works in Europe ; abeavy proprietorin lands and mines; and the owner of the cattle markets and slaughter houses in Berlin. At that time he wna deal- ing with the almost fabulons sum of $8540,- 000,000 The Franco.Germon war dealt him a gevere blow in ihe goencral depression of sccurities. The Roumanian Governmont also refused to pay the intorest it had gunr. nateed upon tho rilways Le bad been con- structing for them, and Strousnera hed to poy it himself. This gave him another stag- goring blow, and for two or three years he was tossed up and downZon tho ocean of finance, now launching out into speculntive schemes and again contracting to meet the pressare upon him, Last year he bent all his encrgies, spplicd allhis resonrees,and stretched Lis credit to the utmost to retriove himself. He osinblished immense manufactories in Germany and lusain, recovered all his old mines and iron works and bought new ones, and took n largo number of new rallway con- tracts in various parts of Europe, He ob- tained advances from every bank and every possible quarter, but at last the Commercial Bank of Moscow refused him an accommoda- tion of two millions of ronbles, and tho catas- tropho of ruin and bankruptoy followed. Srnovsarra is in prison and his property has passed into the Liands of the law to bo dis- posed of for the benofit of creditora all over ZLurope, Thero have been mon like Strovsprne in this country, olthough operating upon a less colossal seale, using thousands where he hag usod millions. There aro thousands of little 23 well s large wmon oparating here precisely ns Brnovsnena did, who sre destined to come to the samo ruin. When men or corporations branch out beyond the real working capacity. of their capital, bankruptgy must coms, and whatuver of liability is inourred boy'-.a the capacity of capitnl to meet it is in the nature Sroovenero is in jail in Rusais. Uader the scverity of Ruosian laws ho may His bankruptoy involves a penal elemont and a criminal obli- gation which jt would not havo in this conn- try, Our colossal speculators moy fail and fail and fail again; may tomble down baoks, warehouses, and otber individa- als in their fall; may cripple business houses nnd ruln widows and orphans, and spread fiuuncial dovastation in every direc- tion, and no punishment is meted out to them. It does not appear in Brumoussena’s cngo that there was any iutent to swindle or defraud, or that there wero any really dis- lionest transactions, excopt so for as the as- sutnption of colossal risks in speculation be- yond the real power of capital can bo considered dishonest. Hsd there been such, Lowavor, his punishment would have been proportionately more sovero, In this coun. try, howover, it is doubtful whethor even a frandulent bankruptoy or dinhonest method of conducting business can be punished ; if they are, then the punishment is nominal as in the case of Twuzp, aud in due time tho criminal i allowed to esoape. Wo lave still wuch to learn from what we are pleased to consider the effote monarchies of Europe in the way of punishing speculators and sharpers. Mesara, Krogse and Revo have, it appears, med the clty for $550, tho amount of thelr snlary as Polico Commiissioners from June 1 to Aug, 6, the day upon which thoy were ro- lieved from offlce, and Manx BaxmioaN has also put in his claim for $1,550, the amount he would have received from June 1 to the present time, if he had not been required to step down and out, In all these claima there is a large dogreo of audacity, unless the alaimants can show that the presont clarter was illegally adopted. If it was adopted lawfully, they have no more claim than any other oitizen to go and demand money from the city, Beforo they can obtaln judgment, they must show that tho charter was adopted frondulently and by ballot-box stufing, as was moat undoubtedly. the case, If they oan establish that faot, the amount of their combined clsima will not be looked upon as & very oxpensive prics. But meanwbile, by what authority can the Common Oouncll make appropristions for service not lawfully performed if the present charier was law. tully adopted ? We print elsswhero this morning a review of our present jury law which has been pre- pared by an able jurist, sud which oontaing soms suggevtions of value. He s of opiuion that the law relative te the impaneling of petit juries is sufficlont to socurs a better order of jurmen than wo have as a rulo i it were properly constrited and applied. The termn of the law are given in the articlo to which wo rofor. In the selection of the 200 names from the jury.list, which includes one-tenth of the legal volers, it is the duty of the Connty Commissiouers to seo that the men seleoted answor the qualifica. tlons, nvd, if this wero done carefully and Lnithtully, it wonld not be diffienlt to excludo the profeasional jurors, the dead-bents, and the hangors.on at the courts, Thero is a suggestion alto thint the Judges shall be presont at the selegtion of the juroms from this panel of 200, aud that the xelection bo made in open cogrt when the jury panel for actuel service in‘nndo up, £o s to exclndo mon whose names are drawn when they may bo shown to bo unfit. 'U'he Judges can nlso do somoething to improvoe the chnrncter of the jurics by being moro strictin their refusals to excnse, In the mattorof the Grand Jury, thero is a valuable suggestion to the effect thint there be a special provision for “ntrik. ing” a Grand Jury, to whom any of tho County Board or other county ofticinls are to Lo presented. for indictment. As it is now, the County Bonrd solects overy Grand Jury before whom the abuseg of that Board are brought for investigntion. It {s natural that there should be ne indictments. Our Washington dispatches yesterday morning stated that Mr. Dren, the District Attorney of Ht. Louis, who has done such offective work against tho Whisky Ring in that eity, telegraphed to Brororp WiraoN, Holicitor of the Treasury, to know how things wtood at Washington, and that Wizeow, in re- plying, said: “ I expect wo will all fall togother,” As Mr, Dyer has not yet been confirmed by the fenate, ho nssumes that this reply indicates ho stands little prospect of being confirmed., We donot share the ap- prehensions of theso ‘gentlemen, but it it sliould happen by a combination of any kind that they aro not conflrmed, the country will be anxious to sce thalist of Senators voting againat them. It is possible that tho Benate may take action in secrot session, but thers aro ways of gotting at the vote, and it will not be possible to conceal tho names. These gentlemen have done their duty in an able, fearless, and honest manner, and the country will not atand idly by and see them dismissed for doing thewr dut; —————e— Resders with » morbid taste forstatistics, says tha Bpringfleld (Mass.) Republican, will proba- bly be futersated in knowing that Massaohusatis Lasa had the honorof supplying the Spoaker dur~ ing 10 years, all told; Virginis duriug 13 years; Kentucky during 16 yoars—10 plus 18 plus 16 .2qual 83. Indiana has had the Speakor 8 yours; Dcowylvania, Matne, Now Jersoy, and North Car- olina, 6 years aplece; Tenneesee, b3 New York and Bouth Carolins, 8 apiece ; Georgia and Con- necticut, 2 aploce—47 yuara {n all. As thore ara now 87 States in thiu glorious Union, wo arrive by a simplo process of subtraotion at tho thrill- {ug faot that 24 of them hiave not sa yet been represouted in the chair. The first HBpeaker, MuusxNsrndg, of Penosylvania (elected Aprill, 1789), seems to havo boen chosen purely ou per~ sonal grounds, oé were TnuanuLy, of Conncctl- ont (1781) and Diavrox, of New York (1785). Mum- LENDENG was called to the chair a second time in 1793, by the way. Bxpawrcx, of Massachuseils (1799), waa elocted by tho Federalists on the party fssuc. In 1801, o wxs succeeded by Macoy, of North Carolion, s Domoorat, Since and focluding his term, the Democrats bave hold the chair 40 years, the Whigs 7, tbe Ropublicsns 18. itunning through tbe liat of namea, wa find thres:of tho trisyllable sort—Munureanxna, Breveraox (1627), and Pex- NiNayoN (1859); twolve dissylables; mnd thir- tasn monosyllables—Oray, Cneves, BrLy, Porx, ‘Wrirs, Jones, Cona, Boyp, DAxxs, Ore, Grow, Brame, and Kxng, Of this baker's dozen of short-namo Bpeakers, one (PoLx) reached the Presidency; two (Cray and BrLvr) wors nomi- uated for it; one has ** great expeotations.” —_— We should not expoct to find communiem larking in s speoch by Bismanc, but s recont uttoranca of hia before the Roeichatag contalns a ‘markedly communistic suggeation. In disoussing tho queation of taxation, he rescommends “'a Bavero income-tax " on all pordons who have-ln-~ comou abovo $1,500 a year. This is one of the poluts on which communizm sud socialism meet. It is one of the preliminary steps t0 the realizs- tion of both eyatems. ** As long as the Stats en- durer,” gayn the oommunist, ‘*ita revenuea should bo exclusively ralved by & sliding insome- tax, which the rich will pay and the poor will not.” The socialist wishes the State to endure forever, and to be a machino aclely devoted to bringing comfort to the poor altha expsonse of tho rich. All the monoy needed for runulng the public workshops, the publio lodgiug-houses. .the publio reataurants, the publio everything- clie, in to bo salued by & *' savers income-tax” on oll incomes sbove those raccived by tho poor. Bismarox, CLuseneT, and Kant Manx are an odd trio to be tonnd in support of tho same scheme, It despotiam, communiem, snd eociallsm are to unite against tho olasses to whom otergy or in- horitance has givon a competeuce, the latior had Latter follow the Hau, Ronxnt Lowe's aplgram on the Evglieh public schools and ‘‘educate their rulera” forthwith., Education s spt to briog the powoer of procuring comfort and & competence, and the book which contsina tho bost srguments sgalost Proupuoxn's mssertion thias * property ia robbery,” is & bank-book. —_—— o the Editor af The Chicaee Tribuns ! Oni0400, Doc, B,~Who {4 correct, you or Wrserzs? In seversl 000asions lataly you writs 1,000,000,600, and I of it as ~one tulllon,” Wxu/TER 8a38 **» billion 18 a million 'uf roitlion,” aud this would be exprossed by 1,000,000,000,000 ; s0d tha former wonld be only one thousand millioa, . L O, B, ‘That our corvespondenthas consulted Wxnsten to litile purpose is shown by the construction of hie sentonces, Wa hayoe also $0 exposs his inso- curacyin respect to the partioular queation which he discussos. WausTex does nob sy positively shat “s bitlon is & mllion of million"”; be merely says it is 80 *'socording to the English method.” Por -further informaton he reters to his deflnjtion of the word **numeration,” 1o which he remarks that with the French and othor Continental nations, and also ¢ the United Btales, the billion is & thousand million. 1t ¥ truo thas all nitions of the word “ billion™ are more or less arbitrary, and none of them ex- presses ita full etymological significance, But whun the word {s employed in couueotion with the figures which it repreuouts, au was the cass 10 the editorials reforred’ to by our correapond- ont, objectiona to its use are frivolons aod cap- tious. —_— 1¢ le & bit of torgotten history that Jsvyxnson wag formally nomiuated to the Presidency fors third term by the Logislatures of YMassachusatta, Vermont, snd Bhoda Ialand, The compliment wan the greater, inasmuch as it came when the embargo was destroying the commerce and 80 the prosperity of all New England; and Jrrsuson, mote shan a0y other man, was respoaalbls for hie plan tnat Injured the conntry as much, vela~ tivaly, then »a the bigh tari? does now. When (his particuler bit of history In recalled, anothas should be 840 zakeg oul of oblivion. 1t istrae that JRFFERION was nominated for o third term | :;u‘.‘m trus that he prompily decliaed the nom- ation. Bomebody ia abont to undertske ithe ardcous {aak of whilewasbing Bixrrsy's morsl charao- tor. This, if successtully done, will surpass sy work of the bind s} Wasbington, snd so disprove Psof, Vox Hovar's sasartion, in bis * Constitu- tional Hilatary of the United Btates," that “in * whitewasning' teudeacies and decorative ooloxs ing, Americans are uom " Paparsareto be yublished whish, 1018 sislme d, will show that e — S Birerrer's desertion of his frat wife, Hanner,' waa not all hla fanlt, acd that ho was singed against rathor then sinnin;g. After this dubiogy slatoment has baon provedd, {¢ will he in ordarte Juntify Lin illegal union with the gifted Mam Gopwin, with whom he lived during hiw firng wifo's lifo without a divorce from hor or & mar. riage with Miss Gonwiy, Dusregard of tho coy. jugal tio wen hereditary in the camo of i Gobwir family, but this in no betler exeng for 8neLLET's immorality thin the unfartunate, brave folly of Gronde 3exny Lewes ang “drorax Erior,” who llived together ms man and wifo for savoral years: without being logally married. ** Poetio Jicens o is comiog to have 3 now moauing. It usod to mean liconse to disrs. gard vorbal or motrical lsws; it means now licenss to disrogard the loyws of God and man, - - = ‘The Inter-Occan in an {nrtitation of decidndly hopgish propensitics, I'or some yoara past i bescnjoyed tho spoila of both the city anl county printing, worth quito » nico little nursber ot thouaands of dollars. I hias ouco more se. curod the publication of tho county,delinquen:- tax-list; and, not satisflad with tbis, it neoke again to obialn tho priuting for thogity, and thua chouso tho Journalott of itashara Ot +* fay,» T'o reach this and, it In workiag to get the sap. port of tho Ropublican Alclormen, oo the gronnd that it Is tho only simon-pure Republican organ iu Chieago, It bases this clalm, of conrsg, vy tho fact that it fs » zoalotta oppunent of ahaut all the prominent policiee of tho Nepoblicay National Administration! Its roasoning i this yespeot is somewhat paradoxical; buc tho J..o, +rag-baby" mast have prip in order to preacrve. ita lite, and it is not particular as te tha meang by which ita sustensuce ig procured. PFor aucl » woakly infant, it haa an nbeulthily-enomony appetits ; and its atruggles for existence are, ty oay tho loaat, ingly "anpleasant, [ S S TWe £aid, the other day, :fram privata sonrocy of information, tbat an att tmpt was to be mads to unite the Radicala and TLiberals of Enpland ot a platform, an importact: plank in which was tobs reform in municlpal government., It iy posaiblo that wo underrated, at tho time, the necessity of this reform. Jomy Bruaer ML ‘bas saveral uncomplimentary roferences toilg municipal {pstitutions of E ogland in hia * Aato. ‘blography," He speaks of the “selfish nis. managomont of local intera:stis by a jobbing any borne local oligarchy”; eays that the strupgle for municipal roform s & «qrtestion *‘on witley thera sre atrong private inteists on ono sinw, and only tho public good om. tho other™; and, furthermore, refers to * munivipal eloctions” ag *‘not only & pgpparatory school for bribory at Paniameniary elections, but sn habjtus! cover forit." These eayings are ‘woighty ovidencect tho nesd of municipal reforin across the ses. iy The Cincipnatl Commercial thinks that tle Toxas-Arizonn Rallrond swindling scheme wiil not bo helped by tho olection of Mr. hENR ma Bpeaker. It says on that pout : 1t is & mistake to assume fual Lr, Kims s th champlon of the Tozas Pocific Ballrosd scles. cause Lia was so generally supiored fu the D: cratio catictis by the delegations from the soithert Htates, They votad for hin becaaso ha wou rejardic aa sound on the financial quesiion, There ic no Avin thy In tha South with the vislonary schemse o the nflationists, They know what inflation of wu irrs deomable ciirrenoy meauns by & surrowfl exserieuse, SaM RANDALL was oomepiouously the favorite cand). date for the Speakership of Col. Twoxas A, S0 ¢7, and of overy othier schemer for tho uss of the nticnxl credit in bebalf of privata spoculations. Tho o'sctiuu of Krnn iv & dsmaging blow to their hopes, and Jemonatrates $o them that they do not cantrul &z Jority uf the Demoerats of tho, Houxe, Hore Iy somothing which, i¢ it worka aa stated, i » valuable bit of information : | ‘Tha remedy for insomnia mfl#rlled by Mr, Prane BUCKLAND Las attracted considerablo atieutjoa,on acconnt, st Jeart, of it8 novelty, Tho fact that vplane in any form lesva troces of their influesco the nat morning induced bim, ha says, to precovibe for it self—an he has aino frequently prescribod for vilers ~—oulons; aimply common rew onions. The well- known tasts of onions {s due to s pecullar emsential oil oontained in them, and this ofl has bigily woporids powers, wnich, in his Own case, Mr, DUCKLAND avers, oased with work. and frellng an inability to sleep, ractico is 10 eat two or threa small opions, the effect of which is msgicil ip produc. 1ing the dosired ropose. Huch a romody has & great ad- yautage over the stupefying drugs conimonly resorted to far this purposs, and {s syen preferablo fo the tguor opii sedat and chiorodyno of medical practive. mever falls, If much Wir.szau B, Aston might have been » very much richer man If Ne hisd sold his houses and lotr aza Jut e money in Government Thon ho could B e o Tita Gitioat Taiaose yoci 108, and Tng 3 T i up And calldd him bloased.—3t, Lous Times. The Times thinks it has sald somotbing sman in ita suver, If Astom had sold his 3,000 Louscs and lots to histenants, there would ba 8,000 more frea-holders and one less grasping land-mouop- .olist in New York City, sud tho Govoromrat would have the use of the money reprosented by tho ovargrown fortune of the decensed misor. B ——————— A Russisn papor announces that a belief in the approaching end of the world has seized un the Cossacks of ¢he Dom, Muuy, especially aged poopls, are giving up worldly afaims, wearing » shrond, and ordering tueir cofllvs On every road are heen men ropairing to dos. cow to ba censocrated priests, in order that the emallest villsge may have its own priest A.nd church, The authorities are passive, Lopiug thst the movement will die out of its own sa- cord. It has originated with the Disseuters. Tt seemn that ox-Henator DOOLITILES sclems for **housdhold suffrage,” by which every tmar- ried man is to hava two votes, baa Loon wuggests ed to, and pejected by, tho Fronch As:gmbly. The ;Jexding opponent of the schemo Lilled it with the question: *Csn it be supposed that the priess aball have oniy ono vote sud that the #o3top, i married, shall bava twa 2" ————— PERSONAL QGaribaldi's grandson {s nsmed Roms. Aay all zoadw be open to him, excephthe road to ruln] George Alfred Townsend won $2.000 oo the electionn of Bpeaker Kerr. He io tompurarily writing: on monogram papar aad driuking greeo- Mark: Twain, baviog been inyited to contribute somethdng to su Infant Asylam, offered 1o b oneof 1,000 citizenn **who shall agioe to cou tribute twa or more of thelr children to this e terprise.” : Mr. Longfellow's new paom, **Tho Masque of Paadors,” is Lighly praised by the English enite ice. JEven those who stadiously avoid being Xind, whon it i posaible ta do o, offer ouly un* quatitfiod pratse of this volume, Monours D. Conway writes ln enthusisstis texus of Walt Whitman tothe London Academy. Che ald poss is described as * A man cast l,‘,’ lu: Juge mold hoth s ta beart and bralu,” aus “ he greatest domocras that lives.” 3Mr. Bstoum, Congressmen for Conn‘ucllcll!, wvouchwd for Mr, Townsend, the pew (.ongl;lh sional Chaplain, in the Demooratio caucus. Al . forgot to mention, howaver, that the c?nd_l u was & 808 of the old original Townaend's San parills, . Gon Fremont has bought a houwse iu Naw York and will reside there permanently. lh: dalicate health still percludes the pwt)blmyuu“ his early zeturn to Parig ; and it is sald he . Sor weveral years tostall intareat in Memphis El Paso, i . The Utlon Observer teltorates tho statemen ‘that Vios-Preaident Wilson was born 28 mp-y‘- camp, The Oolbaiths, is says, balonged to fi:‘l‘ of tiwo roving tribes of vagabonds who ws thelir headquarters in Sirafford Couaty, New Huopehire. s Tl'wead's eacsps was stracged, pertsps “:u . Mcsously, to take place on the dayueb for ! apoual dinner of the New Yock Press Club. ’hl:: ox-Boas will be glad 1o learn in bis exile m“n spotlea ab least ous good dinnes for many of bis mnst nrelenting perseoutors. . The New York Nalion ssys: “The quahty of the sympathy or admiration for tho m; Rdgar A. Pos, which has just expendeq itse! upon a monument in Balimare, sould bave ba\:v;: perhaps more dily abowa by provilding suilal tood, olstblag, and s homs for bis oaly Al.m:.. Bosalia, who kas just dlsd 1 8 alaiip-bous,