Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, October 3, 1875, Page 4

4 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, OCTOBER 3, 1875.—SIXTEEN "PAGES. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. s RATES OF FUBSCEIPTION (PAYABLE IX ADVAKCE). Postage Prepaid at this Ofiice. ‘whichis 15 conts & copy per year. Specimen coples sent free. To prevent delsy ard mistakes, be sure and give Post-Offie sddress in full, inclnding Stateand County. Remittances may be made either by draft, express, Post-Office order, or in registered letters, ot our risk, TERMB TO CITY BUDSCRIBEES, Daily, delivered, Sunday excepted, 25 cents per week. Daly, delivered, Sunday included, 30 cents per week. Addrees ‘THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Carmey Madison sud Dearborn-sts., Chicago, IIL AMUSEMENTS. T0-DAT. MCcCORMICK HALL—North Clark street, near Kin- . Lacture by Lobert Collyer at 3 p. m. ~ Sabject : “ This ¥arrisge Question.” T0-xoRROW. OOD'S MUSETA—3lonrgo stret, berween, Dear- ‘born an: te. Afternoon, ** East ,m' Evening, *La Tentation,” ’ MOVICKER'S THEATRE—Madizon street, between Dearborn and State. * The Sea of Iee.” HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randolph street, between Clarkand LaSalle, Engogement of the Califorais ADELPHI THEATRE—Dearborn street, corner Monroe. Vardety performazce. ACADEMY OF MUSIC—Halstod street. between Mndison and Morros. Engagement of W. T, Melsille. * The Shingaun.” INTEB-STATE EXPOSITION—Lsks shere, f00t of Adams street. PLYMOUTH CHURCH—Lecturs by James T. Fields, Subject: ¢ Longfellow.” e— SOCIETY MEETINGS. ORIENTAL CONSISTORY 524 DEG, 8-."P- B* 5% and co-ondinate bodies of the A. A. Scotch Rite will Rold a General Convention for tho purposs of confer- ring the ssveral grades from:the 4th to the 32d deg., inclosive, at their Asylum, No. 72 Monroe street, on tne afterioons and evenings of the 5th, 6tb, and fth. Candidatas for the orders will present themselves on Tuesday st 2 p. m. sharp. By order of T.T. GURNEY, Commander in Chief. D. A. OASHMAN LODGE, o, 68, A. F. & A, 3.— A Tegulsr communication will be held in their hall, ‘corner of West Madison and Bobey-sts., Tuesdsy even- ing, Oct. 5. Work on M. M. Degree. Visiting brethren oardially invited. R.J. DAUPEINEY, W. 2L ATTENTION, SIR TS !—-Stated *Conclave of Chicago Commandery, No. 19, K. T., Monday evening, Oct. 4, 1875, for business and work on E. T. Order. Visiting Sir Knights courteously fuvited, By order of the Em. Com. G. A. WILLIAMS, Recorder, §T. GEORGE'S BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION.— Tho regalar monthly meeting will be beldat their ball, 167 Wasaingion-st., on Monday_evening, Oct. 4, 1575, at 8 o'clock, THOS. BUTTOS, Bec. Sec. 1. 0, O, F.—The Chicago Baitalion excursion ticketa 10 Peor’s and return, $5._ Aoply to 8.-L. HURST, 112 East Randolph-st. The Chicags Tribune, Sundsy Morning, Octobsr 3, 1875. At the New York Gold Exchange, on Satur- day, greenbacks opened at 853, and closed at 8%} ;< The Black Hills Commissioners are on their way home. The effort to negotiate a treaty with the murderous redskins has utterly failed. After all, however, the latter, having been taught cheating by white men for some years, mesely tried to put the lesson in practice. Our dispatches chromele a fearful battle in Herzegovina. The insurgentsattacked Kleck, but were suddenly attacked ‘themselves in front and rear. Their ammunition soon gave out, and they fled. Three of them—three wkhole insurgents—were slain. This frightful caroage is appalling. Neshville was in mourning yesterdsy for Axprew JomssoN. A grand memorial service wns held. Many distingunished persons from difcrent States were present. Ex-Senator Fowrzer, of Tennessce, one of the seven Re- priblican Scnators who voted against con. victing the President of high crimes and mis- domesnors, delivered an oration in his honor lest night. There is now a prospect that the Gumsonp 5o at Montreal will be definitely settled the coming week. Complete arrangements are made far the interment of the remasins, and the dsy set for the funeral. To render more certain the final disposal of this troublesome affair, the coffin coniaining the remains will be surrounded by a dangerously-explosive substance, which will summarily annihilate both body and intruders should the grave be interfered with after burial. The war clouds grow thicker and thicker. 1t now appears that the Ameer of Afghanistan is going to coerce his feudatory, the Nier of Malmund, who is growing refractory. What with the muddle of the Skuptchina, the plot- tings of Gruics and Nivjicks, the strategic operations at Gatchko and Nitzik, the das- tardly conduct of the Pasha of Baujaluka againgt the Bashi Bazouks at Lerajewo, Zarko Pioski's operation at Vischegrad, near Novi-Bazar, and the desperate attitude of the Ehnn of Ehokand at Kragevitch, it would seem that the situation was dreadful enough without the Nier of Malmund raising a breeze. We trust the Ameerof Afghanistan, whoever he may be, will be succesaful in co- ercing his feudatory and teking the fractious- ness out of him. T TYesterdsy wns a red-letter and a gold- getter's day in San Francisco. The Bank of California opened its doors at just 10 o’clock, and paid onut and took in money, real money, through the day. A good-humored crowd poured into the bank and cheered the officers. The deposits during the day are said to have equaled the payments. One report says they more than equaled them. The suspension of this gold-paying bank lasted just thirty-eight days ; it is probable that in the end nobody will lose a cent by it; and no panic was born from it. The suspension of Jay Cooxz’s paper-payipg bank has now extended over nearly two years ; it will never resume pay- ments ; many people lost heavily by it ; and @ most disastrous panic sprang from it. The difference in the two cases affords food for thought. The Chicago produce markets were irregu- lar on Saturday. Mess pork was active and stronger, cloging at at $22.30@22.85 for Oc- tober, and $19.37§@19.40. seller the year. Lard was in fair demand, but 10c per 100 ibs lower, closing at $13.45@13.50 cash, and $12.32}@12.35 seller the year. Meats were quiet and $@Jc per id higher, at S}@%4c for shoulders, 13}@18%0 far short ribs, and 13%c for short clears. Leke freights were less sactive and unchanged, at 13@2c for carn to Bufialo. Highwines were dull sud un- changed, at L.15 per gallon. Flour wes in better demand and fim. Whest was less active and daclined 2}o on options, elosing 2t @118 cash, and $L.033 sealler October. Corn was active sud frregular, closing at 5540 “ush, aad 8030 or Movemden Ounia and $@3c lower, closing at 32}c for October, and 311c for November. Rye wes active and firm, at 72c. Barley was active and 2@3c lower, closing at 99)c for October, and 97c for November. Hogs were in fairly active demand, and bacon grades wero stendy. Heavy weights declined 5c, and closed easy. Sales were at $8.00@9.00 for common to choica. Cattle were inactive and weak. Bheep ruled steady, at $3.50@5.00. Onehun- dred dollars in gold would buy $117.12} in greenbacks at the close. A practicel incident, illustrative of the im- portance which the Ohio and Pennsylvania elections have in relation to the business of the country, occurred within & day or twoin this city, and is probably but one of many that have come under the observation of business-men. An Eastern capitalist who has $16,000 invested in a Chicago mortgage, falling due in November, wrote asking the borrower to renew it. He added, however, that if it was not the intention to renew it, he hoped the mortgagor would givo him im- mediate notice of his intention to psy it when due, in order that he might make his arrangements for investing it on the spot. The capitalist gave as a reason for this un- usnal anxiety that, if the Democrats carried Ohio and Pennsylvania for rag money, his £16,000 would not have anything like its present value in sixty days after such event. 'This is s practical instance of the demoralizing effect which the dishonest agi- tation of diluting the currencyis having upon the business of the country. Itis but one of many and various indications that the imminence of the diluting and cheapening of our paper money is destroying confidence and unsettling all business relations. The statement is made that ComisToPHER Corvnsus has recently been declared holy by the supreme Pontifical authority, and that the canonization was made at the instance of the Order of the Jesuits, and mainly on the ground that he discovered America. It is carious on several accounts that this should have been done at the present time. In the first place, it is more doubtful now than it ever wes before whether CmrisTorEER Co- LunBUs was the real discoverer of Americs, and if his sanctification rests on that ground his clpim to the distinction is frail and un- certain. In the next place, it is worthy of remark that the Pope finds it necessary to go back several ¢enturies to find material for canonization. It is true that the faults of men grow small and their virtues large in perspactive, but the honors conferred on a character thathas almost become fabled would indicate & conspicuous rarity of saintly vir- tues among the recently deceased. The dis- tinetion is worthmore than it used to be before the time of Coruasus, when every country had the privilege of nominating its own saints, and when the lists grew to such di- mensions that it was found necessary to limit the selection to the supreme suthority of the Church. It may be that, in ezercising this exceptional favor in behalf of Coruvasus, the Pope intended to show peculiar grace to the Catholics of America,—a disposition he had slrendy manifested by conferring the derretia on Cardinal McCrosery. At sny rate, itis but fair to accept it as an evidence of good will Mr. Scmvrz, in his Cincinnati speech, pointed out very clearly the errors of the very common assertion that the poor men want cheap money with which to pay their debts, while the rich creditors do not want cheap money. Is it true that the poor men are the debtors of the country? To contract o debt requires credit, and credit is based upon the means to psy. Men of very small means are seldom in debt, because their opportuni- ties to become so are limited. Mr. Scmumz estimated that 75 per cent of the debts owing in this country are owed by men having large properties, while the wages class are the least indebted class of society in propor- tion to their earnings and savings, and next to them are the farmers and small business- men. Theso are not the capitalists or Lioated bondholders; and, while their indebtedness is comparatively small, they are creditors toa very large amount. The laboring people, in- cluding in that designation ail those who work for wages, daily, weekly, or monthly, are of necessity creditors, and to a very large amount. There is not a manufacturer, merchant,”or professional man who does not include among his creditors the working- men in his employment, to whom he owes wages for o month or pari of a month. On the average of half 2 month’s wages due to those employedat labor, it has been carefully estimated that there is always due the sum of §120,000,000. The same class are the owners of the great bulk of the $1,000,000,000 deposits in the savings banks, and, inclad- ing the farmers and small dealers, this class hold between two and three hundred millions of dollars deposited in the various other ‘banks and trust companies. In the aggre- gate, they are creditorsto a sum ranging from twelve to fifteen hundred millions of dollars. That immense sum has been obtain- ed by them at the cost of sacrifices unknown to the rich ; it has been obtained at the prico of blood, of health, and of strength ; it has ‘been saved by the sacrifice often of the very necessities of life. 1t ia all these people have ! The effect of an increase of the currency is to depreciate this immense credit. The fall in the value of the currency which has tsken place within the last thirty days from 90 to 85 cents on the dollar has been equal to the destruction of $75,000,000 in the purchasing power of these wages, ravings, and deposits. Had Congress enacted & law confiscating $75,000,000 of the money of these people, there would have been an outburst of public sentiment concerning the outrage that would have hurled the Congressmen voting for it into perpetusl disgrace. But it is now pro- posed thet Congress shall legislate for the express purpose of reducing the money valus of the currency, not merely 5 cents on the doller, but S0 or 40 cents on the dollar. The effect of this will be that when thess work- men, workwomen, farmers, and traders, seek to get their money they will be paid in * Jegal tenders ™ worth 80, 40, or 50 centson the dollar. The $1,500,000,000 which is now dus to these people, if paid at this time when curreney is worth 85 cents on the dollar, would be equivalent to $1,250,000,000 in gold—that is, would purchase the same amount of property that could be purchased for that amount in gold. If the value of the currency be reduced to 75 cents on the dollar, it wogld be equal to $1,125,000,000 in gold. IXf the value of the currency be reduced to 60 cents on the dol- 1ar, it wonld be worth $900,000,000 in gold. If the value of ‘the currency be reduced to 50 cents an the dollar, the whole deposits, wages, and credits would beworth only $750,- 000,000,—&_chrinkage from its present value of 8500,000,000 = Now, it is argiied by the Democrats in | fol mansgement of the of Qhto tha 1 iigseisd £his valte-of tis Grushe | svet, that the Zues go tb the ——= back to 100 cents on the dollar would ruin | to the Becorder, there is an annual deficiency the men of small means and the wages class, because it would add $230,000,000 of value to the currency they have on deposit and due to them for wages ; while to reduce the value of the greenbacks to 50 cents on the dollar, would be a blessing to the same class, though it would blot out $500,000,0C0 of the money value of the money due them, and which is all they have to live on. We submit to those interested how far the argument is reason- able and truo. This talk about the ‘““rich creditor class” and * poor debtor class " is unmitigated bosh. The only debtors who are, 8s a class, to be benefited by cheap money are those who have invested in heavy speculations, and have to pay their debis or go into bankruptey, and the holders of questionable railroad bonds and speculative stocks, some of which are now offering in the market at 5 conts on the doller, upon which they can no longer borrow, and which they bonght at speculative prices. These people want legal tenders so reduced that people will be willing to ex- change them even for Tox Scorr’s bonds, and Jax Cooxr’s railroed stocks, and B. F. ALLeN's checks. The real creditors of the country are the laborers and producers, to whom the world is of necessity always in debt. TEE CHARTER QUESTION.’ Aspirants for the Mayoralty, and for all the various offices of the City of Chicago, as well as the present incumbents, are just now passing through a season of suspense. Upon the decision of the Supreme Court depends whether the charter of 1872 is in force at the present time or not. If the Court-shall de- cide that that charter was not legally adopted, then the election of Mayor, Treasurer, and Attorney will take place as usual under the old charter. The terms of the present offi- cers will all expire in December, and their places be supplied at the election in Novem- ber. Baut, should the Supreme Court decide that the charter of 1872 was legally adopted, and that it is now in force in this city, then the regular election for city officers will not take place. Then will arise the new compli- cation : ‘Wil there be a special election held in November for Mayor and city officers un- der the new charter to serve until there can be a regular election under that charter, or will the present officers hold over until 1877, without an election ? ‘We question whether the new complication will not be as embarrassing as the one which has been directly submitted to the Court. The question of holding over is not before the Supreme Court, and cannot, therefore, be directly determined by that body. It isa question which cannot arise uniess that Court shall decide that the charter of 1872 is in force. Should the latter decision be made, then the present officers will be masters of the situation, and can hold their places until April, 1877, despite the constitutionel pro- hibition of any legislative extension of offi- cisl terms. * We know of no greater political calamity which can befall the city than this perpetuation of a city government for eighteen months be- yond its legal term. Without expressing any opinion as to the conduct of the so-called elec- tion last April, the defeat of that charter now would rescue the city from this serious em- ‘barrassmont. The charter of 1872, should it ‘e declared not to have been adopted, may be agnin submitted to the vote of the people, and if, after a full vote of the citizens, it shall be adopted, then it would go into oper- ation in due course of time, as the Legisla- tare intended it should, at the April succeed- ingits adoption. Its adoption at this time as the law of tha city can only lead to confusion, complication, disorder, and usurpstion. THOUGHTS FOR TAX-PAYERS. There were formerly three or four offices in Cook County the profits of each of which yiclded its occupant an annunl revenue larger than the salaries of the President of the United States and Chief Justico of the Su- preme Court combined. The fees of the County Clerk, Sheriff, and Recorder, bo- longed to those individuals, and not fo the county. This system was abolished by the Constitation for a double purpose, viz.: (1) To save to the people the large sums paid to public servants, and (2) to deprive these officiels of the means, contributed by the public, of corrupting primaries and conven- ventions. So far as Cook County is con- cernod, this purpose has failed in both its aspects. Not only is the money formerly made by the officials 70t saved to the county, but the offices themselves, while they were formerly self-sustaining, havo become a heavy burden on the tas-payers. = Venality in politics has not » disappeared, but the offices are, oven more than they wero before, the means Of controlling nomina- tions and elections. * Formerly the individual profits enabled the office-holders to run pri- ‘maries and conventions in their own individ- ual interests; now the offices are infirmaries, sustained at the public expense, for the bro- ken-down hacks and political bummers that give direction to ward caucuses. It is worth while for the tax-payers of Cook County to look this matter squarely in the face, To begin with the County Clerk’s office, it is well known that its fees, years ago when the population w as not one-quarter what it is now and the business of the County Court and Clerk’s office comparatively insignificant, yielded fortunes to the occupants of the of- fice, from Crarrrs B. Farwerr to Jo Por- 1ax. The fees have beer somewhat reduced since then, but not in proportion to the in- cresse of business. Thers are probably 8,000 marriage licenses issued in the course of the year at $1.50 each, which require scarcely any clerical lnbor whatsoever, as the names are simply inserted in printed blanks which the county pays for. There is a mass of judgments in the County Courts for sidewalks, lamp-posts, and various kinds of small gpecial sassessments which swell the fees enormously. Webelieve that Mr. Pourax, or any other business man familiar with the revenues of the office and ite necessary expenses, would be willing to go into court and swear that the office could be managed economically and on busi- ness principles as a private enterprise, 50 as to pay all expenses and yield a profit of $20,000 a year. Instead of this, the office will this year, in all probability, be an ex. pense to the county of $20,000,—a gross dif- ference of $40,000. The office of Recorder is quite as striking an illusiration of the new order of things. AMr. Normaxy T. Gasserre held - this office four years, when its fees belonged b the Recorder. It is currently beli#ved; and we think not denied by Mr. Gasserre, that his profits in that time amounted to ai least $150,000. It is not charged mnor suppesed that Mr. Gusserre made any that. "did money out of the office not legitimatdly belong to him. we have named was the legif of about $40,000; that is, instead of making $40,000 a year over and sbove its expenses, it costs $40,000 a year over and above the fees to pay the expenses. , This is a gross loss to the county of $80,000. The Sheriff’s office belongs to the same category. Mr. Hssine was Sheriff in 1861 and 1862, when the population of the county was only about 150,000, and his profits from the fees of the office, which then belonged to the Sheriff, enabled him, if we remember aright, to buy o half interest in the Staafs- Zeitung, and to lay the foundation for a hand- some fortune, which was only impaired by fire and other private losses. It is prob- ably within bounds to say that, for many years prior to the change in law, the Sheriff's office was worth from $25,000 to $30,000 a year to its possessor. Now the population of the county is over 500,000, the business of the office has in- creased in proportion, and yet the county has to pay ebout $30,000 a year over and above the receipts to pay its expenses. In other words, there is a loss to the county of about $00,000 & year in the management of the Sheriff’s office. Thefactis that these three county officers now costthe people of Cook County about $100,000 s year where they formerly earned $100,000 a yesr over and above expenses, thus involy- ing an actual loss to the county of $200,000 & year. Why is this? We can think of but one explanation, and that is, that the officers are nsed for the support of a surplusage of political bummers and dead-beats, and that the exorbitant expenses come from two. causes, viz. : (1) The employment of a larger number of persons than is needed to transact the business, and (2) the payment of a higher. range of salaries than compelent men could be secired for if the offices were managed by private per- sons for privatagain. In this way the offices are made as much vehicles for running pri- maries and caucuses as they were before, with the difference that the tax-payers are forced to pay for their prostitution to these vile pur- poses. It is said that, in some of the offices, thers are persons on the pay-rolls who do their work ‘“at home.” It is also said that not only private individuals but institutions like impecanious newspapers are indirectly made the beneficiaries of this vicious system. At all events, it is certain that, while these offices should yield an increased profit from year to year, they are, on the contrary, an in- crensed expense from year to yeaz. The contrast wo have presented between the management of these offices while they were virtually private enterprises and the management for the tax-payers is sufficient, we think, to convince any intelligent and candid person that . thero , are gross and infamous abuses which cost the public, in actual deficioncy ' and in the loss of the profits that ought to ‘be made, at least $200,000 annually. The management of these offices on the part of the public is in the?hands of the so-called ¢ People’s Party,” or the combination of the Irish and Germans, assisted by the dis- reputable classes, to seize the offices. This same combination is proposed for this year to seize the vacant offices. If the tax-payers hope to protect themselves from a continua- tion and enlargement of the expenses we have explained, they will have to do it at the polls. There is little prospect that the Board of County Commissioners, controlled by a clique that naturally favors such manage- ment, will do anything to correct the flagrant gbuses 5o manifest and palpable on their face that they need neither investigation nor demonstration. If the tax-payers do mnot help themsalves at the polls, they will find it necessary at somo future time to resort to the extreme measures of a vigilance committee, and to re-enact the lawless scenes of early days in San Francisco as the only means of getting rid of the public plunderers. THE COSMOPOLITAN OUTRAGE. The Cosmopolitans have defeated the pur- poses of the Jeffersonians with reference to the fall elections by determining to hold primary meetings, instead of appointing a commitiee to select respectsble delegates, as was propossd by the latter. In this matter the Cosmops have acted as might have been expected. Their organization represents the disreputable . elements of the Democratic party, as the Jefersonisns represent the re- spectable elements.. The Jeffersonians want- ed to organize a convention in a respectable manner, 5o as to secare the most honest and able men of the party for candidates. The Cosmopolitans wanted the other thing—that is, they wanted knaves and bummers for candidates. Consequently, they have placed the orgenization of this Convention and the choice of delegates in the hands of the lowest scum of the community,—the gamblers, bun- ko-steerers, confidence men, ballot-box stuff- ers, buminers, and rogues and rescals of All descriptions. These men will elect at the primaries delegates of their own sort, and these delegates will nominate similar men as candidates. Unless some means, therefore, are adopted to thwart their infamous designs, corruptions and rascalities of all sorts will be practiced at the election. The ballot-boxes will be stuffed and frauds of the most des- perate description will be perpetrated, against which the people will be powerless, as the bummers are now in power, unless they adopt measures to protect themselves in ad- vance. What the Jeffersonians will do re- mains to be scen. : They may allow the Cos- mops to run over them and defeat their efforts to purify the Democratic party by weight of numbers, and , intimida- tion, or ~they may -make 'a bold stand and resist this tide of villainy and cor- ruption which now threatens to overwhelm them. If they do the first, they will losein the estimation of the community as men de- voted to principle; if they do the second, they will strengthen themselves in the esti- mation of the community. It may be necces- sary yet for the citizens to hold a mass-meet- ing and take some measures to secure the ‘nomination of good men and defeat the plans of the bummers. In any event, the Jeffer- sonians, if they are true to their professions, have but one course they can pursue with safety, and that is to oppose this Cosmopoli- tan bummerism and knavery to the bitter end. The telegraph has done considerable to dignify the circumstances of the taking off of O'Barpwiy, *the Irish Giant,” ond in the account of his funeralgrew quite pathetic, and told us in a touching way that Jo Co- BURN, another bruiser, contributed a cross of camellias and jeponicas to deck the remains of the departedshoulder-hitter. It1snot, as a rule, courteous to esy unpleadant things sbout dead men, but in this case the attempt o elevate the O'Barpwix into & region of respectsbility should be deprecated. It is not just, either to respectable living or re- spectable dead people. The O'Barpwix was @ great overgrown hulk of a pugilist, who intimidntad ordinacy men by kis superior sixe + and strength, and bullied them at his pleas- ure. In addition to being a pugilist, he had been g felon. He had gone the whole length of the catalogue of iniquify. Although his death was occasioned by murder, he provoked his fate, for the end of such men is to be killed. He was murdered by his partoer in a drunken brawl; but, if his partner had not murdered him, he would have murdered his partner, as sccording to the latter'’s testimony he had commenced to pound him with his sledge- ‘hammers of fists,—an operation which the drunken brute would have kept up until it ended in murder. Although he was a giant in build, a little pistol-ball finished him, and it does not appear that society has suffered any such grievous loss that it should be called upon to mourn. His death was the logical and appropriate issue of his manner of lifs, and the fellow-bruisers, Cosurx and all, who covered him with flowers, which must have blushed to find themselves in company with such purity and innocence a3 O'Barpwix possessed, will eventually come to the same end. They, like O'BaLpwry, are the curse of society. While the crime of FINNELL is none the less o murder deserving of punishment, the dark record of O'Barowny should not be held up for admiration, nor should we be called upon to bestow any sympathy upon his taking off. He was a scoundrel, killed by & scoundrel, and buried by scoundrels, and the beautiful flower-cross which Mr. Jo CosurN, pugilist, placed upon him did not impart one particle of its grace or its beauty to his mem- ory. THE COMING WOMAN’S CONGRESS. The Woman's Congress of 1875 promises to be more important than either of the two preceding Congresses. The ome of 1874, which was held in this city, showed a sagacity in dealing with practical points and ignoring abstract theories that made its meetings of renl value. There was, however, a lack of good management in the direction. Some of the best papers were read to small audiences. The discussions covered too much ground to be of any notable depth. Towards the close of the three days’ session, a shrewd dress- maker turned the whole thing into a glorifica- tion of certain styles of undergarments, on which she had an exclusive patent. The pro- gramme of this year seems better arranged. There will be one especially admirable fea- ture of the Congress. This is the presentation of some really valuable statistics abount the condition of American women. The Com- mittee on Topics and Papers, of which Mrs. Juris Waezp Howe is Chairman, has distrib- uted through every town in the United States a circular which contains a number of ques- tions on this point. If full answers are re- ceived, the reports submitted to the Congress will show, with approximate exactness, how many working-women there are in the coun- try, how théy are paid, and what sort of homes they have; the number of women teachers, their pay, and the manner in which they are treated; the number of ‘‘literary women” and their pursuits; the number of feminine doctors, regularly or irregularly educated for the profession; the mumber of “women in the ministry; the number of fem- inine students in the different colleges; the occupations of the graduates of those col. leges; the number of women engaged in sci- entific study, in agriculture, and in school su- perintendence; the number of criminal women, and the methods tried by other women to reform them ; and the associations of women for philanthropic or other pur- poses. Even these are not all the points touched upon. They will serve to show, however, the substantial value of this annua’ yathering of representatives of the women of America. Itis gratifying to see women who are bent upon doing good forsake intuition for induc- tion, and doubly gratifying that their first at- tempts at the latter are devoted to the collec- tion of statistics of this sort instead of the views of women on woman-suffrage, or the tyranny of msn, or , the Malthusian theory. The Congress is evi- dently to be managed by its brains, not its whims. It meets at Syracuse next week The session extends over thres days,—Oct. 13, 14, and 15. The representatives of Chicago are to be chosen, we believe, during the present weelt, THE MODERN PILGRIM’S PRCGRESS. There is an ancient conundrum in this wise: *‘What best describes and most im- pedes a pilgrim ? Bunion.” The second clause of the question might bo given, in view of various recent occurrences, a more fitling answer. The chief impedi- ment of the modern pilgrim is not on his body, but outside of it. It varies in kind. Now it is & stone, now a water-spoat, and now s Government. Attempts have been made to smooth the thorny path of the pil- grim by getting up excursion trains for him and selling tickets good for the round.trip, with premiums in the shape of spiritual blessings thrown in. Two yenrs ago, Lon- don streets were placarded with bills an- nouncing a pilgrimage of ‘* nobility and gen- "—phrase dear to the flunkey's heart—to the grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes. This entertainment was quite successful. Since then, however, bad luck seems to have attended nineteenth-century pilgrims. ‘When some of the faithful in Germany es- ssyed to visit Lourdes, France protested. She was apparently nnwilling to allow her ‘miraculous grottoes to be used as adjuncts to the salvation of German souls. Versailles and Berlin corresponded for s long time be- fore the thirty-four Teutonic pilgrims were suffered to join o larger band of French relig- jonists and journey to Lourdes. The Swiss digaster is another warning against travels to Christian Meccas. The 195 pilgrims who embarked in o boat meant to carry sixty dis- played such a faith in Providence that it would have been only the fair thing to have worked a miracle and saved the ninety-six who wero drowned whon the craft foundered. Tho low value set upon pilgrims by earthly courts sppears in the sentence passed upon the boatman who was responsible for the disaster. He was sentenced to nine months’ imprisonment, or less than three dsys per extinct pilgrim. The worshipers of false gods do not scem fo fare any better. Early in August, an army of Hindoo devotees was encamped in the dry bed of a torrent near an ancient shrine of Siva. There was a sudden gush of rgin, and’the torrent, springing into being, . swept out of being more than 200 of the crowd. This countryis not exempt from pilgrimages, and persons who take part - in them are Dot exempt from the pilgrim's Iot. Last Sundsy morn- ing, a Catholic pilgrimsge in Toronto was interrapted by a [Protestant mob, which bravely stoned a number of wo- men and then ran away before the police. The Toronto Mai/, after detailing the disper- sion of the roughs, remarks: ““Small bodies of the rioters remained behind to fight out their differences quietly.” Bo the pilgrimage anded 6 A feir © galet” strdet-Sghta It is to be renewed, however, next Sunday, and the mob is being organized to prevent the march of the procession. Thus, in the Old ‘World and the New, the pilgrim’s progress is as diffficnlt now as when Buxwaw, sitting in Bedford Jail, wrote his story of it. P sy ENGLISH JUSTICE. A recent case in England shows the occa- sionally unjust character of English justice. Cmarrorte EpEN, 8 poor woman who sells ‘water-cresses for a living, was arrested upon the complaint of the Rev. R. L. ToLLEMACHE for gathering cresses and trespassing upon 1ands in his occupation. The Bench, of which another clergyman, the Rev. G. CARTER, Was Chairman, imposed a fine of 2s. 6d. and as- sessed thedamnges at 6d. The fine and dam- ages were not excessive, and the woman, al- though poor, could have found means to pay them, but she is now in prison for the reason that she oould not pay the costs, which amounted to the monstrous sum of £1 183s. 64, or eleven times as much as the fine and damages. For not being able topay these law charges she was doomed to a month’s imprisonment with hard labor. There are two features of this sample of English justice which are particularly oppress- ive. Itamounts in the first instance to a persecution of the class of workingmen who may be sble to pay the fines and damages for little infractions of the law, but who cannot pay these enormous damages; and this, among other things, tends to explain the con- stant discontent which characterizes this class. This poor water-cress gatherer hasnot only to suffer the disgrace of imprisonment, but her income is also stopped, involving ‘more misery upon her when she gets out. The other remarkable feature of the case is, that the men who complained against her and the man who sentenced her were both clergymen, so that the lack of justice is accompgpied with an equal lack of Christian charity. The case is a very small one, and the woman CHARLOTTE EDEN is & poor, unknown, unimportant water-cress gatherer; but the circumstances of the case throw a flood of light upon the relations be- tween rich and poor in England—the petty intolerance of the one class and the persistent persecution of the other. No wonder that the English laborer is sullen, fractious, and discontented with his lot, when even the pul- pit does not hesitate to grind him down into the dust by a rigorous application of fEnglish law. The existence of this fact is an unan- swerable reply to the glowing pictures of En- gland which some writers have drawn of late. "OUR OBSERVATORY. The Dearborn Obeervatory is nmow in good workiog order, the money raised by subscription a few months ago having been judiciously ex- pended in rebuilding & portion of the structure, in refitting the telescopes, and in other work rendered necessary by the fact that the institn- tion and its instruments had lain idle for sever- al years. Itisnow oneof the best-appointed Observatories on the Continent, and prepared to commence a career of usefalness when permit- ted to do so. The magnificent “eqnmril!." which only a few years ago was the largest in the world, is ready to scour the heavensin search of new objects, and to find cut new facts about objects the existence of which is already known. The fino transiz ipstrument is ready to re- sume the work of cataloguing the stars, snd farnishing the correct time daily. for the use of ecientists and business-men. A wire bas baen laid connecting the Observatory clock with one in the city, which pulsates with the meas- ured tick of the time-piece every minute in the’ twenty-four hours, recording accurately the flight of time; and & fine chronograph has been se- cured for mechanically recording the instant at which stars cross the meridian. All has been done that could be done with the fundsat the disposal of the Astronomical Society, sed she Dearborn Observatory is & place in wkich the people of Chicago msy and should feel pride equal to that taken in reviewing our progresa in the commercial world. ‘We have said that the Observatory is prepared to enter on @ career of usefulness. It is only partially usetul as yet. Before it can fulfill its mission it must be endowed. There is at pres- ent no money in the treasury of the Astronom- ical Boctety with which to pay current expenses of warming and lighting, to ay nothing of pro- viding for the work of scientific research. The Obsaervatory is now open only on two evenings of the week, for the entertainment of subscribers to the fund,—the Sacretary of the Society giv- ing that much time to the task, in the hope of inducing others o swell the ranks of member- ship and the exchequer. But this cannot slways last, and it is not desirable that it should. ‘The Observatory ought to be conducted by tho best procurable talent, which shonld be fairly compensated, 08 in other institations of the kind. The present arrangement is only of tho ‘mekeshift order,—the best possible under the circumstances,—but far rrom what it ought to be. The entire time of | two men, and not the leisure ‘moments of one, shoud be devoted to the use of the instruments at the Observatory, which are novw chiefly employed at intervals to gratify cu- riosity, and not to increase our lmowledge of astronomical facts. The Society has uodertaken to rsise an en- dowment-fund of $100,000 for this purpose. It has made little progress in that dircction s yet. The first fruita of the effort lie before us in the following document, gigued by a member of the Board of Trade who does not wish to have ‘his’ name mentioned in print: The undersigned hereby ogrees to pay to the Endow- ment Committee of the Chicago Astronomical ociety the sum of 1,000, either in cash on demaud, or by notes payable in Aive years from date, with interest at 8 per cext per annurm, payable aunuslly in advance. For $500 subscribed the donor shall be entitled to ‘name one Life Director, snd for each $100 additional a Iifo member of the Soclety, entitled (with family) to the use of the Observatory un each Tuesdsy and Thursdsy evexing. ‘No part of this subscription shall be due and pay- able until st least $30,000 shull have been sutscribed ; nor unless such an amount shall be made up on or be- fore tho ist day of April, 1876, The gentleman hera referred to states that he considers this to be simply a bet on his part that tners is not public spirit enough in Chicago to subscribe the amount of 50,000 within the time specified. He haa oven had the audacity tosay thag he does not expect to be called upon forthe moneg. Itiato behoped thathe will be mis- taken. There ought to be enough appreciation of the value of scientific research in thia city to make up the sum of 50,000 for such a purpose ina few days, tosaynothing of six months, That amount is understood to have been pledged towards the erection of & mew club- house within two or three weeks. Sure- Iy such an mstitution as our Obsorvatory should not languish for Iack of an amount which each ons of Bcores of our citizens could donate without inconvenience. If it be true as (weo think) Jaxe EDGEWORTR Wrote, that ** He builds too low who builds beneath the skies,” there can searcely be a nobler object than this, outside of feeding the hungry snd clothing the naked, to which the well-to-do citizens of Chicago can con- tribute. We may 2dd thas the Society is willing to sccept donations to any amount, but does not wish to take notesin the above form for sums of less than $100. O The hardy mariner, out upon the lake in this baimy weather, occagionally findsin his heart to trill aroundelay to the ““Zepbyr,zephyr,” ete. Bat the zephyr is a good deslof a fraud, after ali; and the hardy mariner knows it. It is 8o deceiv- ing and fickle. i New Mexico is not often troudled by too much water. Theinhabitants have little use for it, and the wise economy of Nature is strikingly shown by its spariog supply. Thers wass de- pistare from dhis tuls, boneves; id Wis middls af Soptember, at the little town of Los Cruces, A water-spout burat there one Saturday afternogy and was followed by another on Monday, Tighty houses were destroyed. The loss s cal. culated at $150,000. Fortunately and strangaly, 0o lives were lot. * —_— FPERSONAL. Naryis M. Sett, of Bombay, India, ias the Palmer. a1 pukhot A. W. Burlingame, of New York, registareg yesterday at the Palmer. rk, Tho Mendelssohn Quartette Clab of Boston are at the Palmer House. George L. Chase, of Hartford, Conn., arrised at the Palmer House yesterday. R. Macfeely, Washington, D. C., waa an n rival yesterday at the Grand Pacific. The Hon. Hiram Griawold, of Lesvenworth, Ean., is stopping at the Palmer House. Gen. Thomas Y. Vincent and Col. A. F. Rock. well. U. 8. A., are stopping at the Grana Pacitie, J. R. Hilliard and George Paterbaugh, of Peo. ria, were registered at the Grand Pacific yestan. day. * Nathan J. Newwitior, United States Conw st Osaks and Hiago, J&pan, is at the Grand Py. citic, The Denver T'ribune sunounces that Senatoy Logan will return to Colorado within » forg. night. The Hon. Charles Francis Adams, Jr., Rel road Commissioner of Massachuselts, is regis. tered at the Tremont House, Nilsson, the singer, 15 getting atout. But she ia not so proud +¢ she waa, though her voics ha mora body to it than formerly. Dio Lewis talks of a tour around the warld, What if he should gooff ata taugent? They we might ail get intoxicated—with joy. Every attempt to put Washington on the stage bas resulted in a ridiculous failare. Hs was too truly good for any actor to portray. Mr. H. B. Ledyard, Assistant Genetal Superin, tendent and Chief Engineer of the Michigag Central Railroad, is stopping at ths Tremon} House. The California papers are pitching into Rossp ter W. Raymond—our Rossiter >—for neglecting his duties a8 United States Mining Commis eioner. The Tolodo Blade tells a story of & littls giny who eaw her mother in party-dress and ex. claimed: ‘Why, mamma, you look as finaas & hired girl.” Mr. J. Esaias Warren has been suggested for the vacant place in the Board of South Park Commissioners. He wonld make s very excel- lent Commissioner. The Rev. Olympia Brown, the famous Uniren salist woman preacher, has been acquitted of the charge of unministerial conduct. Whatis " un. ministerial conduct,” generally speaking ? The Rev. Mr. Revels, says the New York Sun, is just now engaged in giving a close shavets sinners in Mississippi. He nused to be s barber, and was afterwards s Ucited Statea Senator. The Rev. Mr. Murray’s atallions took prizes &8 the Windham County (Conn.) Fair. So it seems tbat ministers’ horses, like ministers’ sons, are a little bit ahead of all creaion. Eh, Robert? ‘Washington people claim that their city stands at the head of American creation in ths extent and variety of its floral decoratjons, * windaw and front-yard gardening,” etc. ‘That claim may pass. Every suicide is a scene-ghifter, but evary scene-shifter, unfortunately. is not s sulcida The St Louis Globe Las discovered this much. 1Its Shakeperean editor has applied fors patet on the ides. Andy Johnson amassed $175,000 in an unsm suming sort of Way; and nobody has ever beas found to say that he was & rascal. Withhim honesty was the best policy, though not “My Policy.” Emperor William of Germany is living s vigos ous old age. He wasin the saddle dusing the whole of both dsys of the recent Sedsn soni versary, and gatloped up and down the flald & the head of his staff ag briskly as ever. Lienard’s Siege of Paris.” now being paintsd for the American Centennial, will cover anime mense canvas—ssy 50 by 1,060 feet. It is s ‘monstrous work, and willibe almost more tec- riblo than ths reality which it represents. Perhaps Ar. Watterson, of the Courier-jours nal, is & judge of gentlemen. He ssys thers will be st lesst one gentleman in Wianobago County 20 long as Secretary Kimball, who stirred up the Jeff Davis pow-wow, remains thers. 1t that Buffalo girl tells the truth, goisg ® everlasting smash is the ssme thing a8 golng Vassar College. All the girls there “smash”® and are “*smashed.” A sour mash it must % sometimes—when they aro dissppointed in lova Lord Alfred Paget, of the Prinoe of Waled staff, bemoans his sad fate in being obliged %o go to Indis. Hebaa felt it his duty to ordsr eleven pew uniforms for the occssion; udmy Lordship's purse is not much larger than his wit. Tietjens changed her name to Titiens a8 9002 18 ehe arrived in New York snd discovered thst & great many common peeple with their named in tha directory spelled it with s “*1.” Profer sional people have their dignity and individusll- ty to maintaim. Salvini raked in $25,000 in his laat London et son. He is said to be now worth about 317500 mostly made by playing Otheilo. There are me who would smother their wives fcr hall tbesumh and keep ap the performauce as loog 83 the ms terials held out. Walt Whitman has been looking about Phily delphis. The papers say that, although his step waa feeble, his conversation was aa buoyant ad genial aa before hia recent severs illness. p: 4] wore & broad Spanish sombrero, and his sivee- ‘bair streamed underneath. Jacob Mayer, the manager of an extessim mining and steel company in Germany, has bee queathed his entire fortune, valued s 91,000,000, to the Catholic Church. He reserves a life 1+ nuity to his widow, which, after her desth, 18 disposed of in the same manner. The first thiog that & minister tries bis baod st when he leaves the pulpit is junnl’-'fl‘_ i and some who bave got Into trouble Wi lasving the pulpit dabbls in mewspsper ¥ork Witvess Henry Wara Beecher, Adi Mo ray, and Florence McCarthy. Denver people are arousing and mskiog preparations to receive President Grant o8 tbe 7th. Pittsburg also is arousing for the lll:! purpose, and several other cities, . 5 miles opart, are joining in the excitemed Mesnwhile Chicago, which is always wide s¥its is ready to receive the Presid lent at any time. President Grant and party arrived a$ Cheyesot by epecial train at 8 o'clock yesterdsy mornisg breaktasted st the Inter-Ocean Hotel, belds B ception, took carriages sod drove around city for an bour, after which they took & specil train sgain and proceeded on their joarasy e ward. HOTEL ARBIVALS. L] Palmer Houss—Thomas Thowmpeon, Dublin; L' Snaw, Indianapolis; wnu-mn.nnun,xa-m.v 4 odore Drew, Minaeapols: Jumes . rouy T, 3 er, waukeo ; Beott, IM - Gocrgo Caradine, New Jork... T, S § e i H 12 T