Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 22, 1875, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION (PATABLE IN ADVANCE). Postage Prepaid at this Office. . 13.00 | Weskly, 1 ©.30 1 Fir 3.00 Parta of a year at the same rate. ‘WaXTED—One active agent in each town snd village. Bpecial arrangements made with such, Bpecimen copies sent free, To prevent delsy and mistskes, be sure and give Post-Office address in full, including Stateand County. * Remittances may be made either by draft, express, Post-Offics order, or in registered letters, at our risk. TERMS TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS, Dally, delivered, Bunday excepted, 23 cents per wesk. Daly, delivered, Sunday included, 30 cents per week. Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corper Madison tnd Dearborn-sts.. Chicago, Il TO-MORROW'S AMUSEMENTS. ‘McVICEER'S THEATRE—Madison etreet, between Dearborn and State. Engagement of Edwin Adams. “ Clancarty” ADELPHI THEATRE—Dearbarn sireet, ocorner Monroe. * The Dayw of 7i6.” THEATRE—Clark strest, between Ran- * 0ld Heads and Yonng Hearts.” itreet, between John Dillon, CHICAGO, Qolph and Lake, HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randolph st Clark and LasSalle. Engagement of * The Lancashire Lass.” SOCIETY OORINTHIAN CHAPTER, No. €9, R. A. AL—Regu- lar convocation Mondsy evening. at 7:30 o'clock, J. 0. DICKERSON, Becrotary. ETINGS. ATTENTION, STB ENIGHTS !—Special conclave of Ghicago Commander, No. 19, & T, Monday evening, Aug. 34, 1873, for work on K.C, Order. Visiting 8ir Erights courteously inviled. ~ Py order of the Em. Com, G. A. WILLIAMS, Recorder. LAFAYETTE CHAPTER, No.2, R A. M.—Hall 72 ouroo-st,—Stated convocation Wonday evening, Aug. 23, 7:30 o’clock, for business and work on AL P. and ‘Dogrees. By order of the H. P. E. N. TUCKEE, Bec'y. VAN RENESELAER GRAND LODGE OF PERFEC- TION, A. & A. Scottish Rite Masons.—Tbers will be s Spocial Assembly B’l;hnndx{fl o;;xn F';"p \‘\im;_ on ths 14th Degrea. By order 3 ~P.G. ED, GOODALE, Gr. Sec'y. ATTENTION, SIR ENIGHTS OF 5T. BERNARD COMMANDERY, NO. 35, K. T.—You are ordered to appear at our Asylum Sunday, at 1 o'clock p. m., for o pu: of sitending the Tuneral of the lLste ir Enight W. H. O'Neil, of Ciricago Commandery No. 19, ET. G, W. BARNAED, Coz, ATTENTION, 8IR KNIGHTS I--The Sir Enights of CBiCAGO COMMANDERY, NO. 19, K. T., are hereby notfied toassemble at the Asylum, corner of Ran- dolph and Halsted streets, Sunday, Aug. 22 1875, at 1 oclock p. m., for the parpose of ending the funeral of our late Sir Raight Willism B. O'Neil, _8ir Knights of sistar Commanderies courteously invited to meet with us. By order of tbe Em. Com. G, A. WILLTAMS, Recorder. The Chicage Tribune. Sunday Morning, Angust 232, 1875. At the New York Exchange on Saturday the price of greenbacks opened at 884, ad- vanced to 58}. and closed at §8}. Things are quiet in Williamson and Frank- in Counties. Nobody was killed yesterday, we believe, though the returns from the re- mote districts may change this result. Now let us have 8 few prosecutions. Sheriff Nor- x15 might catch his nephew to begin with. Iown anti-hanging sentimentalism hos been tried too long in Southern Illinois. The London Board of Trade has decided that the steamer Abbotsford was lost on ac- count of an *‘error in judgment” by the Captain. He ‘is punished for his crime by baving his certificate returned to him. How long will it be before another steamship goes to wreck in the same way? Isan “errorin judgment” that involves the loss of other people's lives a trifle not worth punishing ? A doubtful story comes from Rome to the sfect that the late ex-Emperor of Austris, Frrpuvaxp, left $6,000,000 tothe Pope. The sum is said to have been paid. If FERDINAND had had it he probsbly wouldn't have dis- posed of it in this way; and if be had, his loving relatives probably wouldn't have paid it. If the tale is true, however, the faithful can make light offeringg to Peter’s Peace this year and still preserve light consciences. The original greenbacker, Jomx ILaw, ‘whose career was described in full in yester- day’s Trmoxe, laid his plan of inflation before VicTor AMapevs, then Duke of Savoy, the ancestor of the present King of Italy. The Duke was dazzled by the schems, the crazy folly of which had not then been shown by experience, but finally declined to permit Luw to carry it out, saying: “Iam not sufficiently powerful to ruin myself!” The Regent D'OrLrans caught at the glitter- ing snare and ruined France. Is the United States powerful ecough to ruin itself? A funny dispatch last night gave the infor- mation that the entire family of TrurLOw ‘Weep had been prostrated by a copper tes- kettle. In this case, they say, oxalic acid did the mischief. Copper tea-kettles are danger- ous weapons from time immemorial. One of them in the hands of a vigorous housewife has been known to work great havocin a fam- ily before this, without the intervention of cxalic acid; and a copper tea-kettle, singing ali aione by itself on the stove, has suggested punches which have sent many a brave man to bed with an aching head. Any recipe for perfect happiness which does not containsa ‘warning ogeinst copper tea-kettles will be in- complets. It is gaid that Mrs. LrxcoLy is in s fair way of recovery from the unfortunate mental mal- ady which compelled her friends, for her own good, to confide her to the restorative care of 8 private asylum. While it wonld be a great Pleasing to Mrs. Livoorx, and 8 gratefal re- lief to all her friends, to have her mental fao- ulties and strength fully restored, itis to be boped that this ramor does not grow out of any attempt to stir up scandal and discord by contesting the action of the Court. The sad afliction was too apperent to sdmit of any doubt as 1o her condition at the time she was sent to the asylum; if she has sinoe recovered the recovery ought to be a matter for congrat- ulation and not for & renewal of all the dis- sgreeable circumstances that were associated with the attack. — The Chicago produce markets were rather tame on Saturday, except in corn and oats. Mees pork was in moderate demand, but closed 5c per brl lower, closing at $20.75 for September, and $20.70 for October, Lard Was in better request and 5@7jc per 100 Ibs higher, clesing at £18.17}@13.20 for Sep- tember, and $18.32j@18.35 for Octo- ber. Meats were quiet and jo lower, at glo for shoulders, 11jo for short ribs, snd 120 for short clezrs. Highwines were quiet aud steady, at §1.19} per gallon. Lake freights were dull, and quoted st 2e for corn to Bufialo, Flour was quiet and easier. Wheat was less active, and do lower, clos- ing at $1.10} cash and §1.15} for Beptem- ber, Corn was moderately active, and Jc higher, closing at 66Zo cash and 67jo for Beptember. Oats were in good demand, and a@dn higher, olosing at 200 cash and 85j0 for September. Rye was quiet and easier at 77@78c for September. Barley was moder- erately active, and 13@2¢ higher, closing dull 8t $1.08 for September. Hogs were dull and unchanged. Sales ‘of bacon grades were chiefly at $7.50@7.95, and heavy weights at $7.50@7.80. Cattle were active and un- changed. Sheep were dull. One hundred dollsrs in gold wonld buy $113.25 in green- backs at the close. THE ISSUE IR 1B78. - The Ohio election of 1875 has more than an ordinary interest to political parties and to the country” generally. For along time it seemed 0s if parties would loge their dis- tinctive features for the want of opposing measures upon which to divide. What should be the issue of 1876 was becoming a perplexing question. Reconstruction had been completed; the colorline had been practically obliterated; the President had silenced the third-term cry; and there was even pesce in Louisiana. Congress had been for years grappling with the currency ques- tion and the general financial policy of the country. Buton these subjects there were no clearly-defined party divisions; the op- posing factions were composed of men of both parties. The fiercest Democrats and ex-Confederates stood side by side with But- ler and Logen in favor of inflation, ‘while other Southern Democrats voted resolutely with New England and Ohio Republicans in favor of the opposing policy. It was impossible to get up s vote on that question on which Democrats and Re- publicans would divide as parties, and yet that was the subject, of all others, in which the whole American people were most inter- ested. It promised a geographical division. In the Eastern States, the Republicans, as a body, and s majority of the Democrats, favored a return to honest money and honest peyments; these were backed up by portions of the South and West,, The people of the Western and Southern States, however, were understood—and were 50 represented—as favoring inflation and expansion. Parties were drifting along in this undecided and distracted way, demagogues seeking to make themselves conspicuous by Commaunistic ap- peals to the thoughtless. At last the attention of the country was arrested and brought to 2 calm and deliberate consideration of the subject by the President in his message vetoing the bill inflating the currency. The good sense of the people was at once directed inaclear and intelligent way to the danger which threatened the country. The President called a balt in his veto message. Politicians stopped in their drifting. Men looked at the great question and weighed the consequences to result, not only from proposed action, but from inaction. At this joncture the Democratic State Con- vention in Ohio, on the 17th of June last, startled the country by a bold and unmistaka- ble declaration in favor of an indefinite issue of gmenfluk scrip, a permanent stoppsge of specie payments, the sbolition of National Banks, and the subjection of the trade and commerce of the country to the curse of s dishonest, fluctusting, and irredeemable paper currency. It was a bold, if not a new, departure ; it was the re-enactment of the old Demccratic platform of 1868, which had been rejected by the people; but it was never- theless a startling definition of a distinct policy by the Democratic party. It left no room for doubt or quibbling. It was a declaration in the name of the Democratic party of a great State in favor of dishonest money interminably. \ The contest in Ohio ceased, therefors, to ‘be & mere contest between Arrex and Harxs. They were the selected champions, it is true, but the whole country became anxious spec- tators ; and, not content with the strife within the ropes, the battle has been going on among the spectators in every State. The Ohio Democrats have furnished the issue for 1876. If the Democrats carry Ohio, or are beaten by only & emall majority, the issue in 1876 will be upon the currency question,—a return to honest money or the increase and perpetuation of the dishonest scrip. In Ohio the Democratic party has suffered considerably by the new departurs, and the Republican party has not escaped the de- moralization. Those Republicans who dur- ing the last ten years of loose morals and in- conaiderate action of Congress upon the cur- rency question have drifted off to inflation and wild-cat and reckless speculation find themselves compelled to vote against the Re- pablican party, in order to vote for irredeem- able and unlimited greenbacks; while the Demcerats who have beeun educated in the Jacksox and BextoN docirine of hard and honest money are brought face to face with the new Democratic policy of rags. There is, however, no escape from the issue; and the men of both parties thus compelled to take gides on the currency question against their own party must either vote against their convictions or abstain from voting atall. So throughout the country. Democrats and Republicans in all the other States rec- ognize the importance of the election in Ohio. Ohio is one of the few debatable and yet decisive States. Should the rag-money policy prevail in Ohio, or be defeatel by a scant majority, then, backed by the Southern and Western States, and despite the objec- tions of the Eastern States, the Democratic party will not only enter the campaign of 1876 with a rag-money platform and a rag- money candidate for President, but rag- money candidates for Congress and State Legialatures, The insne thus defined by the Democrats, and by them forced upon tha country, must be met by an equally decisive platform aud candidatesby the Republican party in favor of redeemable and par money, and a speedy re- turn toit. This cannot be avoided. The Democrats will leave no room for equivoca. tion or double meaning. The issue between the two great parties will be sharply defined, and the candidates must be men so closely connected with the policy as to leave no room for any uncertainty, Thus the Ohio election will probably far- nish the country in 1876 with the issue upon which the Presidential election will be fought. The Democrats and Republicans of the whole country will be brought to choose, #s they are now in Olio, between honest money and dishonest money,—between hon. est dollars and delusive paper purporting to be dollars,—between money that has & per- manent valoe the world over and promises that have no redemption. Republicans and Democrats will have no escape from this issne; they will be compelled to take one sids or the other. They must vote for the one thirg or the other or not vote at all, There is, however, one alternative in ‘which this issno between rag-moasy and hon- est money may be avoided, and thst is the decision of that question by the people of Ohio. Bbould the Republicans carry the State, not by & mers majority, not méraly electing their candidates, but should they THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE; SUNDAY, AUGUST 22, 1875~BIXTEEN PAGES. carry the State by such & majority a8 will necessarily imply & popular rejection and condemnation of the shinplaster platform of the Ohio Democrats, then the decision will be final, not only for Ohio, but for the country. There will beno State which will thereafter repeat the proposition, and no National Convention of either party that will commit suicide by adopting it. Sucha de- cision by Ohio will settle the question for the country. Demagoguee may prevail in small localities, but the whole country will recall the timely wisdom of the veto measure of President Grant, which arrested the general drift toward infiation and bankruptey. THIS FALL’S CITY ELECTION. The simultaneous meeting of the Jeffor- sonian Club, representing the local Demo- cratic party, and of & number of gentlemen who have been actively idontified with the Bepublican party, has outlined with a good deal of certainty the Iocal political campaign for the coming fall elechion. Each meeting, scting independently of the other, resolved upon s similar line of action. 1t was deter- mined, in effect, by both not only to hold a city election 1 November, as required by the old charter, but to run Republican and Dem- ocratio tickets. ‘We bope and presume that it was the pur- pose of both bodies to break down the com- bination of the corrupt elements of the two paorties which, under the name of the * Peo- ple’s party,” carried the city two years ago. This combination has been going to pieces for somse time through its rottenness and cor- ruption. Its principal members have been toppling each other over in the general scramble for spoils and plunder. The for- eign Know-Nothing element hos ‘ssserted it- self with so much impertinence as to disgust the more respectable Irish, German, and Scandinavian citizens as well asthe American- born. There is no organized constituency be- hind the office-holders to hold them accountable for the honest administration of public affairs. In fact, there is & general dissatisfaction on all sides with the present irresponsible no- party system, and o general desire that it shall be thrown overboard. 2 The first question that has puzzled the lo- cal politicians this year has been whether or not to hold a city election. The complications arising from the forced and fraudulent adop- tion of the charter of 1872 are responsible for this puzzle. The charter of 1872 fixes the date of the city election in April, and provides for the biennial election of the Mayor in such manner that under it Mr. CoLviy would hold his office until 8 year from next epring, or eighteen months beyond the time for which he was chosen. It is generally supposed, and with good reason, that the adoption of the charter of 1872 was favored by many members of the present City Government on account of the extension of their official terms which it would provide. But the courts have stepped in and rendered this phase of the matter exceedingly doubtful. Two of the Circuit Judges have given it as their opinion that the charter of 1872 was irregularly and fraudulently adopted, and a judgment of ouster has been rendered sagainst the city office-holders by the lower Court. The city officials have ap- pealed to the Supreme Court, but, pending this appeal, the charter of 1872 is de facto in force. If the Supreme Court shall sustain or reverse this judgment before the time for holding the fall election, there will be no further question sbout it; the election will either be held, or not held, according to whether the charter of 1872 or tle old charter is decided to be in force. But, daring the uncertainty as to the final judgment of the Supreme Court, and with a strong probability that the charter of 1872 will not be sus. tained, it is manifestly better that the people should prepare to elect & new set of city of- ficers on the regular day. A failure to do so would be to extend the power of the present city officials for two years, evenyin case the charter of 1872 were set aside subsequently to the date of holding the election under the old charter. This is the course advised by the gentle- men who met at the Pacific Hotel on Friday evening in the interest of the Republican party, and it will nnquestionably be adopted by the Republican Central Committee, who are empowered to call a convention. That Convention will be called nupon to nominate a full municipal ticket,—Mayor, City Treasurer, City Attorney, City Collector, and twenty Aldermen, one from each ward in the city. The Republican Convention can scarcely fail to be actuated by the single purpose of nom- inating the best and most capable men for the various positions. The Republicans under- stand that the purpose of returning to party nominations is to correct the svils that have grown out of the wild-cat, no-party move- ment. They elso understand that the Repub- lican party, as a party, will be held sccount- able for the conduct of the men whom they place in charge of public affairs, and that the result will accrue to the benefit, or turn to the disadvantage, of the party in its State and National relations. They know that victory in thecity election will depend largely upon the personal strength and character of the candi- dates, and the public confidence which they are individually ablo to command; and they will not dare to risk party defeat by the nom- ination of incompetent or unfit men. Every man who has been identified with the Republican party in the past, and who is in favor of good government in the future, will be gratified at the announcement of this programme. The Republicans are ungues- tionably in the mejority in this city when the party is properly organized and all of its members act together. The nomination of such men 88 will command t and gen- eral confidence for the control of “city affairs will certainly unite the entire strength of the party, and insure success whether opposed by the Jeflersonians, or the Cosmops,” or the conglomerate riffi-raff that has had chief con- trol of municipal affairs during the past two years. If the Republican Convention pursue the course with reference to city politics which we have outlined, and which is sug- gested alike by policy and the considerations of good government, Tek Trmsuxx has no fear of the result, and is willing that the Re- prbl.iun party shall stand sponsor for the ad- ministration of municipal affairs without shirking or dividing the responsibility. We believe that taxpayers bavo come to & fall realization of the advantages of responsible government. The suthorities at Washington have de- cided to appoint another Commission to in- vestigate and determine a3 to the present cordition of the new Chicago Custom-House building. Few facts in regard to the new Commission are yet at hand, the announce- ment being that it will be composed of seven persons of known ability as architects, to be selected from various parts of the country. Itis to be hoped that at least one Chicago architsct, who is tboroughly acquainted with Chicago sofl and its sustaining qualities in all parts of the city, will have a place on the Commission. We would suggest en- it would be a good plan to test the foundations of some of the heavier buildings in the South Division— that Commission are gaged while the in their work notably the Pacific Hotel, the Palmer House, Lakeside building, Trrsune building, and also some of the massive structures on Wa- bash avenue—which course would throw much light on the subject of their investiga- tion, as thess buildings rest upon the ordina- ry stone and mortar foundations, and have not the advantage possessed by the mors solid concrete used in the Custom-House. Lot the ‘work be thorongh and practical, and the citi- zens of Chicago need have no fears for the result. THE CEDAR-POST PAVEMENTS. Since the revival of the discussion relative to street-pavements, which is one of the most important practical topies for our citizens to consider at the present time, we have sent to Detruit for information concerning the cedar- posts which bave been substituted to some extent for the pine blocks in the wooden- pavements, We find that the Detroit Board of Public Works bave used the round cedar- blocks for the past four years, and have laid them on twenty different streets this year. No other blocks are now used at Detroit, and no pine whatever. The cedar-posts havebeen found to be much more durable, and the ex- perience of Detroit thus far would indicate that they last about twice as long as the pine blocks. The reason for this is that the decay of the wooden-pavements is due more to the rotting of the wood than to the ordinary wear and tear of travel, and it is notorious that cedar lasts longer under ground than any other soft wood. It has been noticed in the worn pavements which have been taken up that the wood has rotted to a degree that it may be scooped out like mud after being down a few years. This would scarcely ocour with cedar. Asto the wear and tear, it is believed that the round- ness of the cedar blocks would enable them to bear the pressure against the edges better than the square pine blocks. An objection urged against the cedar at one time was, that it wonld emit an offensive odor; but the ex- perience in Deiroit has proved the contrary. There is no odor whatever. ‘We give special prominence to ths demon- strated advantages of the cedar-posts over the pine blocks because thers is much new paving and repaving to be done in Chi- cago within the next year or two to make the streets passable, and it is to the interest of property-owners to avail themselves of the experience of other cities, It is the more necessary that property- owners generally should understand the com- parative methods of the different kinds of paving, because much of the work is done by private contract, and not by the Board of Public Works. In all these contracts the property-owners may dictate the character of the work to be done. Every circumstance seoms to point to the cedar-posts as much more desirable, and especially for residence streets, whero decay is more to be apprehend- ed than wear. We know of no resson why the cedar-posts should cost more than the pine blocks, and if they last twice as long, they are just twice as cheap. At all events, they ars cheaper in the same proportion as they are more durable, THE PURCHASING-POWER OF GREENBACKS. - A person by the name of Frvom—evidently not & gold-finch—hsas addressed a series of questions to Tee TRmUNE through the col- umns of the inflation organ of this city. We should be glad to answer them all, but are necessarily limited to those in which Mr. Frvcr has made himself intelligible. 1. Fvom wants us to ““give a single market quotation which, when compared with other market quotations, will show that the pur- chasing power of greenbacks varies with the theoretical changes of value as we give them in our quotations of the discount of green- backs.” This is & silly demand. Mr. Fivem must be under the impression that nothing except what he calls the rise and fall of gold affects prices of produce. As s matter of fact, this is but one of the influsnces. Take wheat in the Chicago market, as an instance. It would be impossible to trace the corresponding de- crease or increase in price pari passu with the decrease or increase of the purchasing power of greenbacks, on sccount of the manifold other influences noting with or against the value of greenbacks. Thus the price of wheat is fixed in gold by the British market. Before any change is felt here in Chicago, it goes through several modifications. An increase of prices at London may be entirely absorbed by an increase in the cost of transportation from Chicago to London or to New York. It may also be inflnenced by the gold quotations in New York. If wheat shouldrisetwo cents in London, this rise might be counteracted by & varation in the exchangeable value of greenbacks for gold in New York. Various speculative tendencies might also operate to affect the price of wheat or corn in this market, and which might render the influence of the gold mar- ket apparently insignificant. It would be impossible, therefore, to fix any rule by which prices and the fluctuating purchasing power of greenbacks could be invarigbly compared. But the variation can be readily ,discerned and described by a merchant who buys foreign goods in gold when greenbacks are worth but 70 per cent and is forced to sell them for greenbacks after they have be- come worth- 80 per cent. The changes in the purchasing power of greenbacks is pain- fully apparsnt to a good many peopls in active busiress. 2. Mr. Frvon also wants to know how Tre Trmuxe knows that gold governs prices. We can tell Mr. Frxom how he may find out for himself. Let him take a thousand dol- larsin gold in one pocket, and a thousand dollars in greenbacks in the other, and go into any store ar upon any Board of Trade in this oountry. Let him ask the price of wheat, corn, barley, flour, pork, lard, or any other produce that is sold, and, after ascertaining it, ask what the seller will take for it in gold. The seller will refer to the latest quotations, and discount 10, 12, or 15 cents, or whatever the differ- ence may be. He cannot offer leather, nor brass, norbrick, in exchange in the same way. The seller will probably reply that he does not want leather, or brass, or brick ; but he never refuses gold, and he makes a new price for the product which he sells whenever gold is offered in exchange for it. We do not know of any more practical test of the asser- tion that, as between gold and greenbacks, it is gold and not the greenback that governs prices. This test teaches that the greenback will buy only in proportion to its purchasing power as measurad by gold. That is to say, it is the promissory note and not the gold which fluctuates, and because it is not re- deemed. To-day1iha sarip-dollar buys, we will say, § 88 much as the gold dollar; to-mor- row, perhaps, only § as much ; when a Black Friday comes it wiil not buy more than 3-5 a5 much ; and yet, next week, it will buy, it may be, 9-10 as much. Thus the greenback goes bobbing up and down, and rarely has the same purchasing power two successive days in the week. 8. Mr. Frvcm then says: *‘If prices have been more uniform and reliable in the United States than in Canada or Great Britain during the past three years, why are you continually complaining about our fluctaating currency ?” This is begging the question. 'We are not prepared to believe the assertion upon which his query is based; wo cannot admit that there has bsen s greater varistion in the prices of commodities of Great Britain than those of the United States within the past fow years. But what of it ? Nobody claims that an ounce of gold always buysa ton of wheat or corn, regardless of the harvests or the law of supply and demand. Perhaps Mr. Frvor could understand an il- lustration : Suppose bread made of XX flour, in loaves of one fall pound of sixteen ounces, were circulating in Chicago as currency. Then suppose the City Government should issue serip entitling the holder to one fall pound of bread of sixteen ounces upon pre- sentation. But suppose the- city uniformly failed to redeem its scrip, and it was re- deemed by the bakers and bread-brokers in loaves of various sizes, according to what they would give for the scrip,—now twelve ounces weight, next fourteen, now ten, then eleven, and so on. Then, we pre- sume, Mr. Frvom would say that it was the |- real loaf of bread of sixteen ounces, and not the scrip, which depreciated and fluctuated in weight. He would have to do so to be consistent, but when he came to feed his wife and bobies (if he has any) on loaves purporting to weigh sixteen ounces, but which were only eleven or twelve ouncesin weight, he would have difficulty in making the wife believe it, with hunger gnawing at her vitals and the children crying for more bread. THE HERMANN STATUE. On Monday last, amid a vast concourse, numbering thousands of the German people, including scholars, artists, soldiers, and musicians, the Emperor Wmrtax and the Royal family being ths nucleus of the great throng, a grand colossal monument was raised on the summit of the Grotenberg, near Det- mold, in the Thuringian Forest, to the memory of HerMaNN, known to the Romans a8 Anyuwius, Prince of the Cheruskii, who first broke the yoke of Roman tyranny, lib- erated the German people, and united them in a confederacy. The great statue is typical of Germen patriotiam, and it illustrates Ger- man perseverance and devotion to art. It tells a story nearly 2,000 years old, and it is the work of one man through a lifetime—a lifetime devoted to a lofty artistio ideal, amid the most imposing obstacles, and finally crowned with success and insuring imperish- able fame to the aged artist who commenced his work in youth and ended it in extreme old age. This story of German patriotism may be briefly wld. During the pre-Christian era, Germany had been harassed by Jurrus Czsas,’ Drusus, and Troerius, and the latter about the year 7 A. D. appointed Puarivs Quin- Tiuros Varus Governor of that part of Ger- many under Roman rule, who immediately commenced the work of Romanizing Ger~ many by imposing the severest punishments, levying oppressive taxes, and subjecting the people to every species of degradation, from which they had no appeal. In order further to Romanize them, he concentrated a power- ful army and marched against those tribes which were only in partial allegiance. Then HermaNN, Chief of the Cheruskii, rallied the German tribes about him, While Varus and his legions were marching slowly down the Weser, the Germans had risen from the Elbe to the Rhine, and flocked around HEmMANN. They hung upon the flanks and the rear of the Romans, harassing them and driving them into confusion, until their regular order of march was broken. At last, Varusreached the pathless forests of Thuringia, where now stands the statue of HERMANN overlooking the scene of destruction and death. In these narrow defiles he found himself smrounded on every hand by the enthusiastic German warriors. He gave up all idea of attempting to subdue the insurgents, and attempted to escape by pressing forward. Then the im- menss German hordes poured down the for- est pathways and slaughtered them by thou- sands. Three days the fight lasted, and at the end of the third day the great Roman army was annihilated. Varus, like his fath- er at Philippi, fell upon his ownsword. The Roman yoke was broken, and German free- dom was born. The Romans never again crossed the Rhine. An English historian pic- tures the consternation among the Romans when the news of the defeat reached them : ‘There waa joy in Rome when GXRMANICUS, in Sep- tember, A. D. 9, brought the news of the termination of the Dalmatian War, Music sounded in the streets, temples snd houses were bedecked with flowers, and innumerabls crowds thronged the Forum, the bridges, the public places, or stresmed along the Via Sacra to the Capitoline or Palatian Hills, thanking the gods and congratulating each ctber. . . . Five dsys hed GEmuNIoUs been in the city in the midst of a con- tinual round of festival, when, toward the evening of the Afth day, the festivities suddenly ceased and the palacesgrew atill, men kuew not wherefore. Crowds atill’ perambulated {HfY*strests, tut the musio by de- groes became silant, and » gemeral air of anx- ety, of which the cawe was unkvown, spread over the mighty city. Atlength the terrible truth was divalged. Tho Roman army in the heart of Germany was not merely defeated, but annihflated. . . « Intho Eternal City the overtbrow excited s universal horror, and was the occasion of an almost general mourning. To AvUSTUs himsslfit was a blow from which, perhaps, he never thoroughly re- covered. When intelligance of the desth of Vaxus and the destruction of the Roman army was first brought to him he broke out into extravagant and un- bounded lamentstion ; for many months he suffered his beard and hair to grow neglected, and during tha short remainder of his life observod the anniversary of the slaughter 58 & dsy of mourning and {ll-omen. It was a pitiful sight to see the master of the world, old and fesble, wandering through the proud spartments of the palstial house, sametimes dashing his gray hesd sgainst the door, sometimes murmuring, with & quern- lous volcs, “Vaxus! VAZUS! mve me back my leglons,” Thae story of German perseverance and de- votion toartis equally brief. Forty years ago, Herr Erxst VoN BAUDEL, nobleman of West- phaliaby birth and sculptor by profession, con- ceived the idea of modeling and erecting & statue to the memory of the German herc 1n the Thuringian Foreat, upon the most colossal style. The statue, which is of copper, was to be 100 feet in height, to be placed upon a pedestal of almost equal height, the whole to be placed upon the Grotanberg, the highest eminence in the forest. He was asaisted in his work by wealthy friends and public sub- scription, and year after year he labored upon his work. Most of it had to be done at the ‘base of the mountain, where the sculptor had erected a forge, and there he worked, amid all kinds of obatacles, Jith undaunted spirit. He was 85 when he commenced his work and 76 when he finished it; and the old artist, on the day of insuguration, received his re- ward in the congratulations of the Emparor, in the presence of thousands of the German people, salating him with their stormy | chers, and joining in the old German cho- rale, “Glory to God in the Highest.” It was a noble and approprinte close to the work of alife. Heo gave to Germany the largest and one of the finest statues in the world, and Germany, in the person of the Emperor, re- ceived it and acknowledged it, and there it will stand to all time, telling the story not only of the glorious exploits of the old Ger- man hero who orushed the legions of Varus and anited the Germans for the first time in a confederation, but of the German artist ‘who wrought so patiently and skillfully, and devoted his whole lifetime to its completion. The event in all its surroundings was colos- sal, and worthy of German patriotism and German art. BACE AND RELIGION. The insurrection in the northwestern provinces of Turkey, which seems to blaze with added fury every day, is a fresh proof of the fact that no appreciable lapse of time can efface the character stamped upon a nation by its race and religion. Centuries ago, the Turks crossed the Bosphorus. In 1453, they occupied Constantinople. They pushed their way after many decades of desperate fighting to the very walls of Vienna, and, when they were forced back to the line of the River Save and the Carpathian Mountains, they faced about once more and maintained their position. For more than two centuries they have had uninterrupted sway over the coun- try between the Save and the Balkan Moun- tains. They have garrisoned, taxed, oppress- ed, and ruled the” people, but they have never assimilated them. Not a Slav speaks the Turkish languago in his own house. Not aSlav devoutly accepts the Turkish faith. Not a Slav but hates Turkey and the Turks. Eight generations have been born and died gince the yoke was riveted on the nation’s neck, but the hate has been transmitted from fathertoson. The land, the commerce, the productions, the very life of the Slavonic provinces has been controlled by Turkey, bt the two races and the two religions are at swords' points now as they wers two centu- ries ago. The Slav and the Turk are oil and water. If the oil burns, as it seems to be do- ing now, the water will perforce evaporate. The Turk will slink behind the barrier of the Balkans. Force and fear are the only ties between the two peo- ples. If force conquers force and cour- age triumphs over fear, the ties will be snapped asunder. If not, two centuries more will see the same state of things,—a ruling minority, a ruled majority, each fearing, dis- trusting, hating the other. Race and religion are not matters of a moment. ‘The same truth is illustrated again in Ire- land. A minority of Protestant Anglo-Saxons rules 8 majority of Catholic Celts. England, through all her centuries of occupation, has inspired no affection. The commerce of the smaller igland is almost entirely with the larger, but the ties of the pocket have not touched the heart. The North of Ireland is settled with emigrants from England and Scotland, but even this section is disaffected. To be sure, it opposes separation, but this is not because it loves England more, but the South of Ireland less. It has been infected with the prevalent prejudices of race, while its religion keeps it apart. The Celt has even adopted the language of his conqueror,. but not the beliefs, the methods of thought, the hsbits. A deeper pit than St. George’s Channel yawns between Ireland and England, —the differences of race and religion. In the United States the case is different. One race has not seized power over the heads of another. Our foreign-born citizens have come here on the same ships, by families, not by regimdnts, for peaceful gain, not for arm- ed rapine. Yet race and religion exert a powerful influence. Race-prejudice shows itself principally in cities, because it is in them that races, as such, enter politics and try to subdne and enslave each other by ballots instead of bullets. The only way in which different races and religions can exist peaceably together is under a free Govern- ment, with the ballot-box for a corner-stone, and civilization for an atmosphere. . This may prevent their being enemies, but even this will not make them readily amalgamate. It takes whole generations in this country to perfectly blend the Celt, the Teuton, and the Yankee into one harmonious social and polit- ical life. POLICE CUSTOMB AT LONG BRANCH. % On the beach at Long Branch,” they seem to have a curious way of doing things. The criminal closses mansge the police as completely as they used to do in Chicago, and even more openly. The last flagrant case wasa week ago. Sunday night, some disorderly houses wers pulled. Mbnday morning, one of the proprietors, TowxLeY, was brought before Justice Laxe for trial. TowwNLEY's friends crowded the court-room and indulged in stage-asides on the evidence, the character of the witnesses, and the chance the latter ran of having their * hearts cut out” for their temerity intestifying against MaDovarp —we mean TowstEY. The latter was fined $30, with the alternative of twenty days in jail. “Will you pay the fine ?"” ssked the Judge. *Notby a cussed sight.” The Judge instructed the Chief of Police to lock Mr. TowsreYup. * What for?” quoth the Police Superintendent of Long Branch. He then proceeded to explain his views of the matter. 41 take this whole d—d thing to be a fraud,” said the Chief, ‘“‘and you're another. I know Towwisy. He's afriend of mine. I know Towwsrex's house. It's as quiet as yours. TownvLEY ain’t agoin’ to be locked up.” The friends of the prisoner cheered. Chief Grexs then confided to Justice Lawe that he was “an old fraud,”and politely asked a feminine prisoner if he didn't lkmow his buiiness. “TT bet you do,” said she,—a very safe bet from her standpoint. The Long Branch Chief, cheered by the support of his friends, said he was bossing the police, and he meant to let Towsixy go. The latter started. Jus- tice Luxe ordered a policeman 1n the crowd to stop him. Chief Greex told him not to. He obeyed the latter. Green magnanimous- Iy offered to compromise by going bail for TowxLeY, but the senseless offer was de- clined. Then he took the prisoner’s arm, and the crowd of roughs and prostitutes jeered the Justice and marched out of the room. Laxx shrieked to Gazxx that he would hold him personally responsible for the prisoner, and Gexex yelled to Laxz that he might go to—Hsades. He used a synonym for Hades. Then Towstxy and his friend, the Chief of Police, and their mutual friends, male and female, adjourned to the former's *qguiet houss,” and the Court sdjourned in despair and disgust. ‘We have related this pleasing incident of Jersey justice becauss it illustrates the swift decadende of the American police system. The process is going on in every metropoli- ton place,—Long Branch is a metropolis in the summer. In Boston, the police force, espeaially the State Constabulary, has bsen | prove anything, search to find her. to fail L f!aflmflyu.uidto promote political schemes in the interest of political Xnaves In New York City, every day's work of the Legislative Investigating Con, mittes unearths rottenness. In P ,,: the ballot-boxes have been regularly for years with the 'connivu:ce mdn:fsf:dn with the direct help of the polics. It ig needless to dilate on the almost opan alfingce of the criminals and police heretofore in thig city. ‘We have not yet reached the public in. famy of Long Branch; but, aside from the publicity, how much differenca is there? —— A REVERERD DIPLO] > The New York Herald pnbm 8 lotter from Bismarck, Dakots, giving statements concerning Indian affairs in the Territories, It particularly refers to the movements of § reverend gentleman named Jomy W. Myr. CEETT, who bears with him a letter from the Commissioner of Indian Affairs authariz; him to visit the agencies of the Sioux on the Upper Mississippi River, and of the Crows and Blackfeet. These agencies are under the charge of the Methodist Episcopal Church, He iz by this letter directed to make reports to the Department, and also to send itemizeq accounts of his expenses. The revsrend gen. flez:n bas attracted considerable attention in that country by his sin; i It is stated that when rquz?;dm gate certain charges against an agent he ro. fused, but he expressed a willingness to goto the agency and pray with the agent. He ig an enthusiast upon the subject of Christian. izing the Indians. The reverend delegats thinks he has been successful in his -diplo, matic dealings with the Indians, and in g talk with a half-dozen Indians at Fort Peck concluded what he thinks is a treaty, which treaty he exhibits. The paper is signed by an Indian called ““One Strike Alone,” 2nd the following is given as aliteral copy of the docnment : Foxt Pxcx, July 9,1875.—1 Jomy W. Mazowerr, In- @ian Deligate to Moatans in the intres of Peacs to the &loux Nation and { will notify my Government s ance of the young Men’s falk that they will goto Bull's camp for Payment and Frenship for toss sbouta satling our Troubles for all faturo time Jomx W. Mucx xrr, Indian Deligate to Montsns from Washingian cty ONE STRIKE ALONE The Indian Department seems to be the grand resort for 2ll manner of persons who wish to travel and see the country at the pub- lic expense. The Territories are swarming with agents bearing all kinds of commissions, These persons send bills for their expenses, and, in some instances, for salaries, which bills are paid by the Goverament. Al thess gentlemen are expected to make reports cer- tifying to the admirable manner in which In- dian affairs are administered, not only by ths Commissioner of Indian Affairs and the Sec- retary of the Interior, but by their subordi- nates. These gentlemen are expectcd to ses nothing but what is commendable, and, of course, can repart nothing else. In this cass, the Rev. Mr. MaTcHETT seems to have goze farther than these travelers generally do, and has negotiated a treaty which deaerves to be- come historieal, even if it fails tobe accepted as a model of diplomatic literature. YOUNG WOMEN AND YOUNG ITH. The despair of modern society is how to live. TLaye is no problem in domeetic econ- omy more complicated or aggravating. It is puzzling the heads of two classes of people, in two different ways, and these two clesses comprise the whole community, viz.: the married and the unmarried. The merried are struggling over the problem how to reduce expenses 50 that they can harmonize brezd and butter and clothes with the ke :ping up of appearances—that is, live in astyle cor responding with that of their neighbors, and ot the same time meet the bills of thg mil- liner, the butcher, the baker, and tho candle- stick maker; how they can educ:te their daughters up to the standard of po- lite culture which i8 now escential to an entree into good society, cloths them in the latest modes, and other- wise obey the imperious behests of fashion, and at the same time not overlap the narrow margin of the weekly stipend ; how to go to Saratoga or Long Branch a month or two in the height of the season, wearing pwple and fine linen, and living in elegant ease, and at the same time meke the family books balance. This troubles one class of married people. The larger class, howerver, is puzzled how to get along at all, without any aspiration to- wards luxury. It never even dreams of going to watering-places. It makes no effort to keep up with the extremes of fushion. It lives in comparative plainness. Iis daughters never see the inside of s fashionable boarding-school, it docs not drive on the boulevard, or get a nearer view of the opera than the gallery. And yotit is just as much harassed in its attempted solu- tion of the financial aspects of matrimony. The other class—the anmarried—is still larger, and its woes are still more painfal. It shrinks from the married state because it eannot afford to enterit. The average young man of common sense, enjoying his single- blessedness, and able to support himself comfortably upon his salary snd bave something over for plessure, is appalled at the expenses of marriage, end shrinks from that condition of so called double-blessed- ness which only doubles ,responsibilities, cares, and expenses, and will leave him every year with a balance on the wrong side of the ledger. He wants to get married. Thereis no greater fascination for him than the orange-blossoms and honeymoon of Hymen; ‘but how can he afford them? The orsnge- blossoms smell sweetly, but their fragrance is costly. The wedding outfit is very besutiful, especially upon & besutifol figure; but Low is it to be paid for? The honeymoon shines with s soft and dreamy light which is very enticing, but it is an expensive moon, and when it sets the ex- penses do not set with it, but go on increas- ing.faster and faster with - each new mood that comes. Itis all very well to call the young man a coward; to charge him vith playing billiards, and smoking cigars, snd drinking ‘“‘emashes,” and fooling away monsy upon unnecessary luxuries, but this does 5ob The fact still remains thst hundreds and thousands of young méB are afraid to venture into mumisge becanso it costs so much, and this of course involves the sequitur that there must bo hundreds snd thow- sands of young women doomed to waste theit sweetness on the desert air, and pass thei® lives in the loneliness of virgin solituds, gither wasting their lives in vain regret o, woaring them away in the hard drudgery of female occupations. Al this iz sad, and ought not to be. Msr risge is the summum bonum, and a hsppy home is the loftiest, noblest, and sweetest re- sult that any man can achieve. Far every man there is 8 woman waiting somewhers, and it only requires careful and persevering ‘When the two co8 they were never knowi togother, in moutual recogmition. 1 ‘6