Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 12, 1875, Page 4

4 TIIE CIIICAGO TRIBUNE: TITRSDAY, AUGUST 12, 187D e e e e e e e e e e e e TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATTS OF SUDPCRIPTION (PAYARLE TN ADVANCR). Foatago Frepald nt this OMeo. WaNTED—One sctive agent in each town and village, Bpeclal arrangementa raade with such. Bpecimen cople sent free, To prevent delay snd mistakes, 1o saro and give Fost-Offico addresa in full, including Statesnd County. Remiitances may be made elther by draft, szpress, Post-Office order, or in registered letters, at our risk, TERYA TO CITY BURCCRINFRA, atly, delivered, Bunday excepted, 235 centa por ek, Daily, deliversd, Buuday fucluded, 31 centa per weeky Address Corner Madison and Dearlio: TIE TRIBUNE COMPANY, AMUSEMENTS. 1aSualle. Euvgagement of Company, * The Two Orphans.” ADELTHI THEATRE~Dearborn strest, ~cornor “Tha Jee-W. P ] SOCIETY MEETINGS. ‘Monroo, TI0S, J, TURNER LODOF, No. 409, A, P.and A, M.—Thero will be regular communication at Freo Mason'e ilall, 72 Monroo-rf, (Am. Es. Bldg.), thin, Buninew and work ot Thuraday, evéning at 8 o'clk. M. M. Degree. i u s, By order of W. M. JOIN E. PETTIBONE, Sec, ATTENTION, SIR ENIGUTR l—Clicago Command. T., drill every Thuraday eveniug at § cvclock,” Bir Kuights carnestly roaueated to bo prescnt, er7, No, 1 Ty ordes of the E, C. RICHARD T. FLOURNOY, Cayitain.Beneral. Thursday Morming, Auguet 13, 1875 Customs officers at the lnke ports aro noti- fied from Washington of an extensive systeim of smuggling corried on by fishing staacks, sud are desired to keep a sharp lookout for this now scheme for evading tho taridl, ——— At the New York Gold hange yester- Qny greeubucks closed at 873, after selling at §7} and 874, The contident fealing of the holders of gold mouey was caused by in- crensed shipment of specie across the ocesu. Mr. Guapstovs apponrs again in o bully pawphlet which be burls defiantly at the Charch of Rome. Hecloims that the Papacy only whits the opportunity to plungo tho wholo world into a religious war, The salo of the Right Honorable gentleman's writings on thig subject has been prohibited by the Fronch Government. A rumor oo good to bo true is cwrrent in Washington, 1t is to tho effect that young Mr. Porrsn is to rotive. Tnoxas Watsn, of 8t. Louis, is named s the now Supervising- Architect. e is in charge of the constrie- tion of the Governmont building in that city, and it is presumed can multiply 2 1.8 by 2 without mnking 7 the result. Even this slight qualification wounld bo approcinted. Tho peoplo of Chieago will bo glad to lenrn that tho roported chango is something more than & ramor. That was o plucky and sensible young lady who encountered a burglar alone aud ot night in hor home at Rouseville, Pa., on Monday ‘night, He knocked her down and ran, but gho picked herself up and blnzed away with o’ rovolver until tho villain got out of sight, ond thon, and not until then, it occurred to hor to faint awoy. Her name is Miss Rop- xnts, and she ought to bo allowed to wear the belt; and the admiring young gentlemen of tho vicinity shonld soe to it that said belt is stack full of gold-mounted dorringers. At Copenhagen yesterday tho King of Den- merk and members of the Royal family, to- gother with tho chief officers of tho Govern- went, ook port in the obsequies of Haxs CrpsTiaN ANpensey, tho Danish novelist, The funeral was a magnificent affair,—almost oy impressive and’ numerously-attonded os though a dead monarch wero receiving the lost sad tributea of nffectionato rogard und vemarstion. Tho peoplo—workmen, pensnnts, tradesmen, students, and nobles— ilocked from oll parts of the Kingdom to tako part in the solomnities, while from Ger- many and other countries came laurcl wreaths and floral offerings to deck the coffin, The doy was made one of national mourning, and the demonstration was ono of the grandest ever seon in Donmark. A slight financinl ripple wea ocepaloned in Chicogo yeaterday by the fallura of the State Streot Havings Bank, a small institution which appears to have been conducted with o view to gotting control of the largest possi- ble amounnt of other people’s money, and furnishing tho emallest possitle wmount of security to depositors in the shape of ‘eash copital or individunl responsi. Lility. The inducement for such a bank to burst would be too strong to be resisted for any lenglh of timo; and the fact that so rotten an institntion was permitted to swal- low up the hard savings of poor peopls is pitiful commentary upon the condition of the Banking law of Dllinois—a law for whichithe Democratsand Indopendonta in the last Legis. leturoshould be held strictly accountable, ‘The Trinowe earnestly and ropeatedly urged the wdoption of the excollent Banking bill intro. duced by Mr. Boave, of Cook County, and which was mnothered and killed by the dis- reputable tactics of Speakor Haings and his wob of bear-garden performers. has been devised by the Treasury Depart- ment. It consists in furnishing blunk atlida- vits, in which the heads of families arriving frow abroad are to be required to make oath as to the dutiable and nond-utiable articles contained in their well-fllled trunks, By this weand ocean stenmship passengers will be spared the annoyance of a thorough over- hauling of baggage by the revenus officials, and it 1a expected that & considerablo increaso in tariff-rocelpta will be the result. Undoubt. edly an improvement in this direction will be roalized, but i s quite con- ceivable that in not a few cases the crime of perjury will be odded to that of smuggling. Recent remarkablo instances of good, squere lying under osth Ly parties of Ligh social and religions standicg warrant this expeotation concerning Becretary Bars. | lurge, The averaged boat of o vounds gy in Sysen 5 is halfa squaro’yile; it Humanity is frail, and the templation to | might be enlarged to ten tnd tir, ,':,u’,;_ duced to a squad. Betier 6471, the forve 70w's new system of 'pon-honor affdavits. mnugglo in Paris purchases will cause tho stretching of many a fair and elastio cou. soienca, The Chicago produce markets wers gener ally weak yosterday. Mesa pork was in mod. arate domand, and 5@100 per brl lower, clos. ing at $21.25 cash, and %21,30 for Beptember, Lard was dull and 10@15¢ per 100 1bs lower, tember, Moats were in better demand and firmer, at 8]0 for shoulders, 130 for shord .0 Clilcago, Tl 'S T“"m’mm"’}‘h ulge:. béhmn e Union Square \lsitor cardially {nvited to meet with was quict aud fiem. Wheat was active and 4le lower, closing at £1,23} for August, and £1.914 for September. Corn was quict and September. Oats were moro active and le Jower, closing nt 425c for August, and 3¥c for Septembar, Rye waa quict and ensier, at §2¢ for September, Barloy was dull and 3c lower, closing at 21.09 for September. llogs were naetive and 20c lower. Cattle were aetive ond exsy. Sheep wero steady. Certain dovelopments reported in connec. tiou with the failuro of DrwcaN, SHtryaN & Co., seem to reflect discreditably npon the integrity of that firm, A rumor, prevalent in New York yesterdsy, wos industriously traced by Tue T'nipvNe's correspondent, wha ascertained that “ accommodation paper” to a Inrge amount wns drawn by their clerk and accepted and negotiated by Duxcay, Sueraay & Co, nshort time previons to their suspension, Theso acceptances, purporting to bo jssued ontside of New York, and, it is snid, manu. factured to order by n confidentinl clerk, wero disposed of nmong the city banks, whero they are now held as elaima upon the nssets of the insolvont lhouse, The bitten baukers, with the reticence common to their guild, refused yesterday to nfford much informationupontho subject, but enough was developed toindieato that theso trnsactionsof Duncax, SUERMAN & Co. wero desperate cxpedients, to say the leaat, and of o choracter iu some degree cor- responding with that of the operation for which the CoiLie brothers in London re. cently suffcred the rigors of the English law. COST OF GOVERNING CHICAQGO, The Chicago Z%mes has ostentatiously de- clared itsclf the organ of those persons who protest agninat taxation, and who think it is thoe duty of the Government to support them, instead of receiving its support from them. Of this class of persons Kank Krives was the lender o fow months ago, nud, ho having fallon into disrepute, tho Chicago Z%mes haa mado iteelf his successor, The form which the opposition lo taxation now takesisina deinand that taxation shall bo reduced to such an cxtent ns to practically abolish Municipal Government. Thus, for instance, the tax levied for the support of tho Govern- ment of Chicago during 1874-5 is in round figures §5,125,000. This sum the Clucago Times, likeping itsolf to Haxrpzy, und the Municipnl Government to Cuances 1., demands shall be reduced to the payment of $1,000,000 interest on the city debt, and 91,500,000 for all other pur. poses ; and it holds oll taxation in excess of this sum to bo so illegal, extortionate, and despolic that it should Lo resisted, aud the tox.gotherer that shaoll demand its psyment onght tobo treated ns wns Cniantes L, decapi- tated by the public oxccutioner! This i demogogism to attract attention and mako peoplo stare, and is hardly romoved from that prenched by the ignomnt lenders to the more iguorant members of the Communistio socie- ties Inst full, Lot us cxamine the items of which tho Tax bill of 1876 is made up, and weo in that examination the character and variety of municipal expenditure. The first group or clnsa of these expenditures is as follows ¢ Btreol-cloyning and ropatre of py Faiug intersections of strects. City's portion of strcet-opeuinga New Jamy-poste at ptroct cornors, Chicago harbor—dredging. New bridgea. . lepatrs of brid; Balarien of bridg Keeping of tuunels, Gaw, supplios, and rapaira of prblis buildings. Card, ete., of nine parka,, Now, which of theso items, costing over half o million of dollars, could be dispensed with? We might leave the stroets uncloaned, and impassablo for want of repoir ; wa might stop dredging the river and allow it to fill up; w70 might let tho bridges wear out and fall down ; might dispense with the bridges alto. gother, and olso with the bridge-tendors ; shut up tho tunnols ; might closo the public buildings and do without gos, fire, aund other supplies ; and might lot the nine parks becomo commons ; but we question whether a dozon rational men in Chieago would think it would be economical to do so, or thatit would be advisablo in any senso to disponso with either itom of exponse in tho lst, A second clags of expenditures may bo thus sammed up: Viaducls over ratiron Eventug schools, ¥iro Departen Ttepalra of spparatua, Now boso,, Fuol, hraes, tepatrs of building Fire tolegroph.... The question in the matter of vinducts is one of publio safoty. There are thirty or forty of them now required, and the expond- iture {s for three. The human life sacri- ficed and the property destroyed for the want of them, snnually, and tho valuo of time lost by detentions, cannot be com. ponsated for by ten times the oxpenditure, wero nctive and {o higher, at $1.19 per gal- lon, Luke freighls were move nctive and tame at ic for wheat to Buflalo, Flonr e lower, closing at 70]c cash, and 71¢ for others it is regarded ag an educator ; and Ly the thousands who use it as n great benefac- tion. Wo know of no way to avoid paying the judgmonts that are obtained against the city. Anothor class of expenditares is that for the sapport of schools, which is thus pro- vided for Now rchoot Tote, el New luildings, n Reute 8 00 . 175000 2000 Canstruction of rewers, Cinaniog aud repaies of wowe 8 x| a by closing the schools, shutting off the street gas, aud constructing no more rewers. Another and important item of exponse is the appropriation— For interest on debt sud tempara and sinkig funds. Repayment of loan 1o wat Loltlegrssesimmniisinenss saniis seiss 1as BORNO, These expenditures foot np £35,110,000, leaving a small sum to cover a number of smnll items. Excluding tho interest, and tho dobt to the water fund, which was incurred Inst yosr in onlarging tho water-sorvice-pipo, we havo tho enrrent expensos for which tnxes nre to bo raised, at 4,125,000, This is a city of 450,000 inhnbitants spread over threo townships, with hundreds of miles of streets, Upon the Government rosts the ro- sponsibility of renderiug living hera endura. ble or possible. The Chieago River is our liarbor, on which depends our Inke-commereo and much of our other commerce. That riv- er is nlso the receiving-sower of tho city. Unless the river be kept freo of the filth it re- ceives, the harbor must close, Bo long nas wo havo the river open, we must have bridg- 03, with all their incidental costs, To Chi~ ¢ngo, sowers are an indispensable necessity ; without them and a supply of water, living in Chiengo would not be possible, The eity would be a pest-louse whose stenches would be stifling. Tho regular growth of the eity requires the extension of sswem and water- mains snuunlly to the districts which are rapidly filling up. Paved streets are n necos- sity, and the city must pay not only for pav- ing intersections, but it must pay for clean- g and repairing. Ialf o million of dollars is now needed to repair streots which have been too long neglected. Tho streets must bo cleaned. In a city liko this the criminal population find profitable flelds for operation. Wo must have a Polico Depnrtmont, and & large nnd cffectivo ono. Wo must in like manuer, by reason of 0,000 wooden houses, havo a large and effective Fire Departinent. Wo have suffered fearfully from the conse- quences of apoorand incflicient one. Inshort, if we proposo to have a city at all, wo must havo ono furnished with the appliances es- sential thorato,—such as police, paved streets, Bewers, water, lighted streets, Fire Depart- ment, and schools. Which of these can bo dispensed with ? In the cconomy of Municipal Governments thero is a minimum of expenditure that can. not be avoided. Like the expensos of a fam- ily, theromust bo n certain outlay., The family inust pay rent for a house in which to livo; must bave fuel, light, water, food, medicine, clothing, and farniture, They may reduco the expenditures for each of these items to tho lowest sum, but there is a min. jmum below which they eannot go, and live. So with tho city. In the list of cxpenditurcs provided by the tax lovy of this year, thoro is not an item perhinps that can be disponged with, Thore may be extravagance perhaps insome itom, but that does not affcot tho propricty of the appropriation. Take the item of sclools. Two Lundred and nineteen thousand dollars was appropriated for schiool lota and buildings. These, whon completed, will give the city o total school capacity for 40,000 children. This will be equal to 1,000 loas #00.00) 200,000 posed to be threatened, by the conl-miners at Braidwood, in Will Connty, the Governor rent Adjotant-General Hinoing to that town with n supply of arms, although no request hind been made upen him by the county nu- thorities. In that case he acted in advance of any actual disorder, whilo in the Willinm- son County caso ho refunes to Act, althongh more thau tweuty porsons liave boon sssas- sinated." MR, DELANO AND THE MARSH CHARGES, A pamphlet has been printed hy the In- terior Department, purporting to furnish the documents relating to Prof anau's chorges of frawd and mismanagement at the Red Clond Aggeney, for the use of the Investigaling Committce. Wo ocannot indorso tho plan wpou which this pamphlot was compiled, 1t seems to wet forth only Secretary Denaxo's aida of tho ense. Under thoe head of ** Prof. Mansu's Charges,™ for instance, one would naturally expect to find both of Prof, Mansn's lotters on the subject; but, in fact, neither is given, 1n lieu thereof, thero is morely n sayd: " When riot was threatoned, or sup- criticism of Prof. Marsn and the New York 7vibune, presumably from the pen of Seccro- tary DeLaxo, which imputes eelfish motiven to tho former and politieal purposen to the Intter, This is certainly not the kind of a docutuent to be printed at the public expenso for the use of an Investigating Committeo, whilo tho original text of Prof. Mansu's charges aro not given at all. Following this er parte statement of tho case is a letter from Gon, Eatown, the Commissioner of Eduention, who wns present at an inter- viow botween Secretary Drraxo and Prof, Mansm, and who expresses sutpriso that Prof, Mansnu should impute to Mr. Devavo o disin. cliuntion to expose and punish frauds ufter hearing the Seeretary express himeelf on that occasion as 80 enrnestly desirous of ascertain- ing tho real facts in the cnso. Then comes tholetter of the Seccretary of tho Interior to tho Indian Commissioners to have nu investi- gation, and finally the reports of tho Specinl Commnissioners appointad to investizate the administration of the Red Cloud and Whet- stone Agencies. Two of the Commissioners to investignte tho WALEER charges wero se- lected, according to Mr. DruaNo's own show- ing, because they wero representative men of the missionary Church authorities upon whose recommendation the Agonts were nppointed. In other words, they were committed at the outset to the policy of the Inferior Departmont under which the Indinn af. fairs are maonaged, and it is nobt sur- prising thnt they should have exanerated tho Agents whose appointmoent thoy had se- cured, and reported that the supplies wore amplo and of good quality, and that tho pres- ent policy is nccomplishing the desired re- sultsa. Tlese aro tho contents of tha pam- phlet prepared for the uso of the Investi- gating Committoo now being organized by President Gpant, and we canvot but regord itns an er parts showing, only ontitled to consideration in connection with a full show- ing on the other sido, Wo have no desiro to projudge Secrotary Deraxo in this matter. It has been decided that the final investigation of tho issuo be- tweon the Dopartment and Prof. Mansn, reln- tive to theso particular Agencies, shall be in- trusted 10 o committeo appointed by Presie dent Gnaxt, and we have faith that thoy will mako o sonrching and impartial oxamination of tho wholo matter. But it needs mo far- ther invostigation to demonstrate to our eatis- faction that the wholo policy of managing Indian affairs is false, and in owury way coleulatod to promote just such frauds os thoso which have beon charged from time to timo duving the last fow yocars. We wero convineed of this a year nndl more ago, when o number af the foremgat among tho Indian Commissioners resigned beoausa thoy wero saisfied that Indion afiairs were not ordinary public achacld in the rural diatricts. These city schools averaga nine to ten months in the year. Now, lLow much will it cost to run & country schoot ten months in the year, including teachers, salary, fual, repairs, and all the ovdinery ex- pouses ? Will it cost $1,000, or $900, or 800 cach? Exclusivo of the cost of new lote and buildings, the total tax for school purposes and could not be honestly axd efficiently sd- inistered under this system,—and this not- withstanding they favored t'ho **peaco policy ™ in o goneral way. 'The ho'nest administration of Indian affairs under the present systom would have to bo preriicated upon the as- sumption that the Agoats, as & rulo, are pury philanthropists, whersas the rule is pracisely the reverse. AMen do not, as a rule, incur tho deprivations of #rontier and wilderness life in this city is about $580,000, and this n- cludes the High-School, with ita 400 pupils roceiving an advanced education. The ques- tion of extravagance or not must bo tested by comparison. What daes it woat to school tho like number of echiolars in other districts in other parta of tho State? As to the genoral cost of the City Govern. ment, a liko process of comparison should bo followed. Peorin Is thio socond city in ILi- nola in point of populntion. Tho annual in- crease in tho populntion of Chicago is groater by thousands than tho ontire population of Poorin,-—nocessitating in the matter of, indis- pensable expanditures, such g8 streot im- provements, ropairs, clenning, lighted streots, police and firo departments, schcols, offl- ces, eto., nn incronse excoeding o pro- portionate incronss of popw'ation, ‘Tho ‘Tho ovening schools may be closed und o very deserving class of persons, who work all day, may be deprived of tho opportunily of improvement, It is truo the wholo cost of the Fire Department wny be saved. The telegraph may be torn down; tho apparatus need not be repaired; the horses need not be fed, and whon they die no others need be purchused, Hoso moy be dispensod with, aud, in fact, the Department may bo dis. banded, Wo would save the expendituro, and wo leave the reader to catimato the con- Beuences, A third class of expenditure is sa followa; Heulth Department, tncluding (te wmall. Lusuital, vacclustlon, scaviugor i':?'?.“?;’f vl of Gifal, desd Bubniste, viapprowdon of of nuisances, nad goueeal anltar Houso of Uorzectivn (Hridewell), Yolice Departiuent, G men, Coats of courta, Araareaaaress ey on $0H00 The Health Departtaent might be abol. fshed, vaccination abaudoned, the emall. pox domiciled a4 & permanent institution, the seavengers discharged, and tho stroots made the depositorics of Slth, garbnge, snd dead animals, but Lkow long would o residenca iu Chicago bo possible? In like manuor, the Bridewell may Lo closed up and the imnatw, given the largest liberty intho city, 7%,q polica force is o large one, but the city ¥, glyo much of the city might be disbanded alto gether , A fourth class of ex pondit' ren may be thus groupod ; Balurles.. ... Fublic Lilrary,., g Judguaunte sgal; 134,000 Total,....ee $3%,00 'The amoun’s paid for sataries ia for all the closing at $18.56 cash, and $13.60 for Sep- | deportment 4 of th city. Ba long.as we have Govorargent W o maust omploy oflcers and P8y Whin, Taq- Publl [1 riba, aud 193¢ for short dlanrs. Highwinos | claenee by so n:: ;u:-uu- Ebmx::{ h: Qity of Spriugfleld, with a popalation of 20,000, has an annual exper diture of $250,- 000. Tt lins uo harbor, no river, no bridges or tunnels ; it is smull And compaot. 1Its ex- penditures aro ono-twunt jeth thoso of Chica- €0, Which hna twenty-fivze times its popula- tion, and wdda to tho namber of its buildings annually twico tho whole numberin Bpring- field. Fxcludivg tvs ons million of dollars for interest, winking fund, and tho oxtruor- dinary expenditare for tho now Water-Works, tho current cxperges of tho oity in all its dopartments i8 ubout 4,000,000 ; and we suggest that it would be dificalt to find in the United Stutes o city of equal eize, simi- Inrly located, with harbor and river, and so largaly fornished with sewers, water, and poved streety, lighted, that costs less noney, or whore the aggrogate taxation is o emall. We ars in favor of the closest proctioal economy, and doubt mot that some jteras dhight have been re- duced more or logs, but to say, as the Times daes, ¥aat the expenscs of tho City. Govern- mevt could be cut down to oue-third of what tl,oy are, is simply absurd aud nonsensical. And thot sheet doos uot believe a word of what it afiirms on the subjoot. Its objeot s to humbug its readers and make the ground. lings stare. The Governor, In seeking to explaln his tar. diness of action in the Willlamson County murder casos, says that the local autboritios Lavo not called upon him for assistance. ‘This {s no recson a¢ ell. If they bave not called upon him, it is probably because the scoundrels und ruftans in the Russzra-Bur- wanes foud have so intimidated themn that they dare not. Even if they are not intimi- dated, howover, there is no reason why the Governor should not step in and prevent the rocurrence of these murderous outrages which Lave disgraced not only Willlamson County but the whole Btate, In this con- neation the Springeld Rerister vere aptly among the Indiuns out of pure bonevolenge, nnd the temptation to fraud la so great, and the contomnpt for the rights of the Indians so goneral, that it is scarcely possiblo to escape nbusos of tlie worst deacription. Socrotsry Deraxo's mistako, to pat the case mildly, has been a persislont defense of the system, evidently with a conscionsmess that ovory exposare is damaging to the system. He is to blame for not innugurating tho vigorous prosecutions that Becretary Brasrow has made upon tho whisky.thioves and Begretary JewmuL apon the mail-con. tructora, 1t s not tho exposure of abuses, but the nbuses thomsolves, that hurt the country and tho ruling party. It is only their exposure and punisbment that can save theparty and satisfy the country, Tho Intorior Department has boen beset with more than its share of temptations for a numbar of years. It hod the supervision of the con- struction of the Pacltio railroads, in which so much fraud and raseality have boon since un- carthed. It has had the msnagement and dispensation of the Pensiona Burean, in which there have been so miany opportunities for frauds and corruption, and so woll improved. It controls the Patont Oftice, which is largely run by lobbying, and {8 replete with jobu of tho worst kind. Finally, it bad the Indian Affairs put upon it, subject to the control of Congreasmon, who have used it to roward their bummers and henchmen. ‘The effect upon the Interior Department of these numerous Incentives and temptations and opportunities for fraud has beon domoral- izing, and we believe that the time has come when it is absolvtely imperative that there should be wuch a reconstruction as would clther make sweeping chunges in the Depart~ ment or else rolievoe it of some of its responsi: bilitles and temptotions. A good way to bo- gin tho latter policy would be to transfer the Indion Aflairs to the War Dopartment, which has pmple time and ample resources in the army to mausge it at a less cost to the na- tion, and to the greater benefit of the In. dlans. Such a tranafer does not mean o gen- eral Indlan war by any means; but we bo- love that it would secure a fair and honest distribution of supplies, and a more effsctive disciplining of the yuffians whether among: the Tndiane or among the whites of the froa- tler. The rule among the army officers is that they are honecst and houorsble men; there are scarcely exceptions enough to prove the rule. They hold tkelr positions for life; #hey rarely Love any desire to grow rich; they are extremely chary of their reputations; their education and associations discounten- ance what politicians aliow to pass for propor- enough dealing. These ciroumstances, and the fact that the Iuterior Dopartment is ale yeady burdened with o many responsibills then of a paonniary natare, have Jong since suggented tho transfor which a thorough in- vestigntion of Indinn affairs may pessibly lead to. ————es THE BLACK HILLS REFORTS. Tho Jnter-Ovean i cxercising ituell in & very uncomlortable and unnecersary maunoer relative to ‘I'ur ‘I'ninune's remarks ubont ite coursg in the Black Mills Lusiness, 1f it Lo any comfort to the condnctors of that paper, wo may inform them that Tue Trmuxe will in the future denounce them as severely ns it lins in tho past, if they lend themselves to such n disreputnblo course again. The Inter- Occan announcetl diccoveries of gold in the Hlack 1Tills when there wore none. It printed statements to tho effeot that miners were taking out gold in lnrge (uautities when they wera not enrning their salt, 1t led the pub- lic to understand that fortuncs wero to bo made in Black 1lills mining when thero was no nuthority forauch a deduction. It excited n clnss of susceptible people to rush out there without any knowledgo of what they wore doing or what was in store for them, by publishing glowing statements which were false, storien that woro grossly sensntional, and reports that wera lighly colored, for a purpose. At lnst, under the reproofs and ad- monitions of Tue Trinuxe, ite conductors and correspondents altered tho tono of their editorinls and letiors to moke them cor- respond somowhnt with the truth, ns told by the members of the Governmont sciontifi expedition, and the editors of that paper nade p prominent retraction of all the hlo- vintion thoy had uttered, and declined to commit themsclves any furthor in tho matter wmntil they should have posi- tive ovidenco. Tnr 'Frwune has mode positiva evidenca tho milo from tho outset. It has stated relinble news, and left thn people freo to make their own de. ductions, at the samie time warning them not to be misled by ontside appearnuces or state- ments of prejudiced or unintelligent partics, If it shall appenr that gold exists in the Blpck Hills in payivg quantities, Titr Tnin- unz will be as quick to announce the fact ag any other newepaper, but until that fact is eatnblished beyoud any possibility or doubt, it will not say so or ndvise people to rush thero in crowds, Tho letter in Tur Turoune to which the Jnter-Ocean olludes states that **the country is not yet proven to bo ns rich as Californin, but compares favorably with Colorado and Montsna.” Even upon the strength of this statement, we would not ad- vise people to erowd into tho Black Hills, If o couniry is not richer than Colorado, a dollar's worth of gold will cost a day's labor, TEEZ CONSTITUTIONAL DOLLAR, ‘When Trostas I Bevtox—‘Old Bullion” ~was fighting for honost monoy, he was fond of using tho phraso ** Constitutional cur- rency ” as n synonym for gold and silver coin. Many of tho political meclals issued in count- loss numbors: at that time have the legend, * 0ld Duilion—Constitutional ~Currency," upon them. JacmsoN referred with pride, in his farawell nddress, to his succoss- ful cfforts to restoro *'the Constitutional currency of gold and silver.” Preaident and Senntor were right. The only ‘*‘dollar” recognized by the Constitution of tho United Btatos is o gold coin of 25.8 grains, ono-tenth of which is alloy, and & silver coin of equal value, The Constitution (Art. I, 8cc, 8, Olauses 2 nnd 5) suthorizes Congress ‘‘to borrow monoy on tho credit of the United States " and to coin money [and] regulate the valua thereof.” Under the first clause the Suproma Court hold the issue of paper notes valid, as it Leld tho legnl.tender provision valid under the *war.power,” Tho greonbacks wero like the bonds, in that noither sort of paper was monoy in itself, but each was n wny of borrawing., The only essentinl differences botween them wero that the bonds bore in- torest nnd wero cxchanged for money which was in turn exchanged for commoditica, while the groenbacks bore no intorest and wero diroetly exchanged for commodities without the interposition of any roal money whatever, Tho socond provision, anthorizing Con. gress to * coin monoy,” confers no authority to print protemded * money.” * Coin" does not mean *print.” I refers to a spocial method of treating motals, and hos no mean- ing outaide of thia, 'This viow of the case is indirectly sustnined, too, by tho first clauso of Sco, 10 of Art. I of the Constitution. This clause enumerates some of tho powers denied to tho Btates. Ainong theso is tho power *‘to coin money [and] emit bills of credit.” If, ns is often nssorted, the suthori- zalion to coin mouey gives Congrees the powor to issuo bills of credit, pro- hibiting tho Btates to coin monoy would in itself prohibit them from omitting bills of credit. Tho fact that tho lattor prohibition is tacked on to the former shows that coining monoy and issuing billa of credit are two very diferent things, and that the Constitution means what it says, and only what it says, when it empowers Congress to coln (nok emit) money (not bills of credit). Btill anothor part of the Consti- tution can bo quoted In support of this proposition. Tho mixth clause of Art. I, Beo. 8, cmpowers Congress to punish ¢ counterfeiling the securities and current coin of tho United States.* Hero is on ex- pressed distinetion botween the coin and the paper of tho country. It is made in the noxt sontonce to the one whioh confers the power of coinnge, and is thereforo in tho naturc of cumulative proof. Agaln, as Cranxdox N. Porren shoyed, in his argument before tho Supreme Court, in the legal-tender cases, the sonso in which the framera of the Constitu- tion used the word ** monoy ” cannot be dis- puted. The country had just emerged from universal disaster wrought by » ncrip curzency that was finally repudiated, and the members of the Constitutional Coanvention of 1787 meant by *money"” hard, metallic, coined money, which possessed intrindo value, and not roft, paper, printed notes, without intrin. slc ‘ralue, and convertible into nothing of woith, ‘The only money recognized by the Consti- tution is, then, coinod procious metal. It romaing to be seen how thio authorily intrust. od to Congress in this respect by the AMagna Charta of American libertics has been nsed. Tho answer to this query is found in the Coinsge act of 1873 (U, B. Rovised Btatutes, pp. 607-700). Wo quote: **The money of the United States shall be expressed in dol- lars or unils, dimes or tenths” eto, And sgain: “Tho gold coins of the United Btates shall be a one-dollar plece, which, st the standard weight of 25.8 grains, shall be the unit of value,” eto. Thus Constitution and laws combine to make the gold dollar of 25,8 graing (nine yarta in ten pure gold) the unit and stand. sxd of our oonstitutional money. Every ¢ freenback note, lisued ea s means of bor. rowing (uot making) money, and made a oo g1altendar oply by virtue of the undefined fi0d indofinable “wor-nower.” must he m. decmed with money, which menns gold dol- lars of 23.8 grains each, Wo must redeem our foreed loan or * war-powor” dollars with constitutionnl dollars, O DISRAELI AND O'CONNELL. Forty yenrs ngo, Bexaasuy Dismarns firat made his appearance as n eandidato for Par- linmont. Tho borough which had the oppor- tnnity offered it of returning him wns High Wycombo. At that time the revolutionary **lny " waa the tost profitable for young men making their ontry into political life, Mr. Disnatwr, whoso whole carcer has Leen one continuous illustration, perfeet enough to make Darwix and SreNcrr rojoico, of adap- tation to cirenmstances, allowed tho electors of 1Tigh Wycombo o suppose that lio was in favor of radical, not to sny revolutionnry, measures, o conducted lis campaign with the skill that has never dererted him beforo hie entored on his present bungled duties, Not only were his own speaches strongly fla- vored with proletarint pepper and sana culotte sanco, but tho testimoninls in his favor which wera thrust into overy voter's hand were signed by some of tho most noted agitators, first of whom wns Dastc O'ConNELL. ‘Thren years alterwards, when Disgarut so- licited tho sufirage of Taunton, the times had changed, and he with them. o wasa a Con- servative, and consequently a bitter enomy of O'Coxnsxrt, whom ho denounced from the bustings as *“an incendiary nud a traitor.” ‘Tho gugo of battle was soon taken up. Q'Cox- nELn, spenking in Dublin o fow days after- wards, styled tho present Premicr n “liar,” snid that his lifo wns “a living lo,” snd wound up his philippic Ly the tho famous sarcasmn that his cromy, so far ashe knew to tho contravy, was tho * heir-at-law of the impenitent thief who died upon the eross.” 'The next step in tho controversy was n challengo from Dis- narri, ** From word to blow * was the fagh- ion in high circles then. No answer was ro- turned, O'ConNeeLn's son, Monrasn O'Cos- NELL, was n sort of a fighting sccrefary for his father, whose duty it wns to take np auy duels for which his parent had no time to ac- tend to. Dimsmauet now wrote hun, and nsked whethor ho was prepared to * resume tho viearious duties of yiclding satisfne- tion for shrinking sirc,”—a sentouce that sounds like on extract from some one of the Premicr's novels. It is thissort of stuff which the Marqms and the Dnke in- Gulge in, when the Visconntess bestows u anillion-dollar ring on ono sud denies o simi- Inr gift to the other. When the sou declined to do the polysylleblo thing roguested by Disrirer, the lntter wroto a Jong serced of vituperation to tho father, in which ho prom- ised to give him asound thrashing. Witk rare discrotion he omitted to speerfy time and place, and was therefore never obliged to try to fulill the hasty promiso. Tho quarrel was nover ended,~—not even at the grave of the Liberator, And this is why the great speech- moker of England toak no part in the O'Cox- ~ErL Centennial. e — FROTECTION NOT PROTECTING. One of the Now Enginod manufacturers, Mr. Epwarp ATrsNsoN, in the July number of Harper's Magazine, states tho fuct that those special branches of industry which aro now the most depressed are the most protect- od by the Government. An ultra tayiff sheet denfes this statemont of Mr. Artrsson sud calls it *“false and pettifoyging,” but that doos not make it so. It calls the tarilf of 1846 a * partial free-trado tarill,” which isthe fact, but it will ba news to thoso old enough to remomber that that tanff **brought ruin upon tho country,” On tho contrary, the country onjoyed unintorrupted prosperity doring tho whole ecloven ' years the toriff of 1846 continued on the stat uto. Our imports and oxports stendily increaged, moro than doubled, between 184G and 1856, Immigration poured into the country, the now States filled up ropidly, and ship-building and railroad-construction moved forward with grent stridos; surplus capital wns accumulated everywhera; tho Mexican War debt was paid off ; and the wholo nation prospered in epité of the wretched banking systems which provailed in most of the Wostern and Bouthern States, but the tariff had nothing to do with that. In 18567 it was found thnt the tariff of 1846 ‘was producing too much revonue,~more than was needed to support tho Government, which was then out of debt. Wheroupon it was ngreed by common consent of all parties to reduce the tariff abont one-fourth, and to largely extond tho frac-list, for tho expross purposs of roducing tho rovenmo and of rolieving the econsumers of un- necessary taxation, This tarif change, which went into cffeet in 1857, lasted wmtil 1861, when the necessities of tho Govornment required heavier tazation, Un- dor this ** froe-trado tarilf " the imports and oxports of the United Btatos still furthor in- cronsed, whon the year before the War thoy attained their maximum, having reached the figure of $350,000,000, which until that time was unprecedentod, Bonator MonniLy, of Vermont, the father of tho existing ultrn tariff, admittod on the floor of Congress ginco the close of the Rebell- jon that in the years 1859 and 1860 the man. ufacturing industry of this country onjoyed ita grontest dogreo of prosperity, whichshows that & bigh tariff is not neceusary to tho pros- perity of domestic manufactures. Monrniry, voted for the reduction of tho tariff of 1840, Te sald that *“any bill which would have the offcct to reduce the thon excessive rovenues would rocelve his voto,” Tho bill to reduca tho tariff of 1848 not only received the support of Mr. Monsmwy, then a member of the House, but &lso of the following New England Benators, viz. : Aruy and Jawuxs, of Now Jersoy | BrLL, of New Hampshire; Fos Ten and Toucey, of Connectiout; Wiraox and Svamven, of Massachusotts. If o high tariff is conducive and roquisite to the prosperity of the country, itisnota little singular that wo hod tho terrible finan. cial panio of 1878 after twelvo years of ultra tariff, and {n the midat of the highest pro- tective dutios of any civilized nation in the world. As to the effoct of the panio on the protected branches of msnuacture, Pig-Iron Kxrrxy's spaeches draw a more frightful pic. ture than anything wearo sblo to write. He demonstratos vory clearly that ¢ proteation " does not protect, Of a character vastly different from Secre- tary Dzraxo's pampllet ls a lotter ad. dressed to Prof. Mimsm by Mr, Wi 1ax Warsn, of Thiladelphis, s member of the original body of gentlemen who were sp- pointed by President Gmaxr 08 the Indian Commisslon, Mr, Wrras ocomes to the sup- port of Prof. Mamaz, to whom he gived crodit for **stirring up the pross and pecple to do tardy justice to the Indians by ascer taining to what extent they aro fraudnlently or wropgtully treatod by the Interlor De- partment.” In his letter, which we print slsnwhere, My, Wxran annonoees his inten. e e e e e et e P e e e e e tion to furnish Herien a of com. munieations upon subjecls of peculing internst, including the origin and work of the Indinn Commission § the powers and verul tn of Tnvestignting Comumissions raised hy Sweretory Drnano; Hecrotary DEuAne's fimorwledgo of frawds in the Indinu servico ; histcry of the exisling modes of nominating Tudinn Agents and their resporsibility to the Chimreh nnd to tho Government ; a sleteh of the Red Cloud Agency ; and . genoral sum- tming up end somo remedinl suggestions, In tho tirst lotter, treating of the origin ang worlt of the Board of Indian Commimioners, Mr. Weesn briefly sketchea tho trinla and trilvalations encountered by the Boardin theje offnta to check tho dishonesty and frauq practiced by tho Tudisn Ring, and ho tells hove the Ionrd was shorn of many of its ex. pocted functiony and denied any control over tho Indian spproprintion. On this ne. * coumt Mr. Wrisn withdrew from the Board, wnwilling to incur responsibility without the power to correct abuses. Ho ro. fers to the appointment of Viverst Couvea 4 tia0 Board's Secratary and excentive officar, whaose exposure of frauds that the Interior Department seemed unwilling to cheok led to Lis removal upon the demand of Sceretary Drasxo. 'Tho samo tactics were atleinpted with Conyen's successor, but the Board ro. fused to yomavo him. Mr. Werst alludes to tho subsequent discovery of n systom of frauds earried on with tho connivauce of the Interior Dopartiment, and to the result of the niission of Bastorn WaLxen, whoke foithful ruports of tho dishonesty practiced ot the Ted Clond nnd 8potted Tail Agencies se- cured for him the most mnlicions persccution at the hands of Socre. “ary Drravo and g\ssistaut-Socrotary CowaN. Tho ramoval of Warken wes de- manded, but the Board indorsed and retained him until all the original members rosigned, which step, nccording to Mr, Wrrait, wiw not taken until they bnd * lost confidance in the officera of the Intevior Department, and per ceived that they had no power Lo rostrin wrong-doing.” The ex-Connnissioner docs vot expect reform from tho present Bonrd, which, hie says, in its innocencey oven doubis tho existencu of any Indian Ling! Mr WeLsit prowises in a futare letter to devote somo aitention to Mr. Cowan's * libelony at- tecks "-to wenken the force of Prof. Manan's testimony. 'The first lotter forms an im- portaut contrilution to tho bhistory of the Indian frauds. Subsequent emans. tions from the same pon will be looked for with interest as coming from a gentleman who for years devoted much at- tention and valuable servico iu connection with the Indinn question, who ean bring for- ward the results of long exporience and watelful observation, ond whose standing is stich a9 to command for him respectful cone sideration and attention. Tho Amarican manufacturer knowy that free trade ‘meana un enornious Wiscrimination agatnst bimaolf i Wlaown marbels, Mo nows that fros trado means vulu to himself, becauso tha foreigner would put down {lo prices aud drivo him out of buslncss.—Eoentng Journal, Did the free-trado tariffa of 1816 and 1857 “ruin” our manufacturers and * drive them out of businesa"? Did they causo an “ onormons discrimination against the Amer- jcan mnnufacturer”? Jusmin Monums, of Vermont, the father of tho present tariff, doclared on the floor of Congross that in the years 1859 and 1860, when the tariff wns nt ita Jowest point and the free list largest, the msnufactories of tho United Stntes were 03 prosperous o8 any year in tueir history. So far from being * drivenm out of business,” they wero driving European manufactures out of the American market, and not only that, but were successfully come peting with them in the markets of the world, which did not look much like ** ruin,” If o high tariff is such o shicld and protection to manufncturers, and such A blesaing to the publio, is it not a little remarkable that it did not ward off the panio of 1873 and protect our mennfncturers from prosirhtion and bank- ruptey ? The foct is it is in injuryto the pros-, pority of the poople, and of no real value to tho manufacturing industrics of the coun- try. A BTRAY OENTERNIAL Tho quiot that followed thp first storm of cen~ tenoial colebratione has bean broken by s ‘stray * gloritteation at Gloucester, Masa, A hundred yeara ago, Ang. 8, a British ship-of-war, the Fal-! con, was cruising off Glonceator. Two schoon~ ors tried to slip by it Into tho harbor of thab town. One was intorcopted mud melzed. The othor ran aground near tho shore. Thres boats put oft from tho frigato to capture hor, Tha townspeople rowed out to dofond hor. A gon- oral engagemont ensucd. 'Tho Falcon poured two or thrao volleys Into Gloucestor, but soon hiad touso all her guus in dofending horself.: Aftor somo hours' fighting, the Americans mada s clean sweop, and took possoasion of frigato, schooners, boats, and crew, Half-a- dozeu mon wero killed on both sidos, * Under God,” ssys s contemporary acoount, *our littls party at tuo waterside did wondora.” We should tbink so. Judging from the centennial recard, #a far as mado up, the poar showing made by tho British pavy in the War of 1812 was dua to; tho faot that most of the vessels crigioally In is hiad beon oaptured by Yankeo fishermen at Oas-) tino, Providenco, Portamouth, Qlouceater, and, tho reat of the centennlaizing seaports. [‘re]n-s diced minds might doubt somo of tho stories, but the nfan of Gloucester have s voritable relio| of their fight on hand, in the shape of one of; the caunon-badls that struck tho mooting-houso. Tt is womawhat noteworthy that the ex-Ropre- sontativo of Gloscestor, XMr, B, F, Bursxn, took! no part io the celcbration. It was not slways, thus, When Essex County was in the habit of biounally stultifying itself by sending B. F. B.| to Washington, the latter returnod s spesch for overy vota, He spoke at town-meetings, snd school-commencements, and dinnors, and even stooped to enliven christenings with his revolv-' fug eyo and cutting wit. Lhisis all chaoged now. Qloucester want back on Bxx aod D¢ roturoa the complimont. He proferred sposk- ing at the O'Coxwmiy celebration, The reason why 4 not hard to find. The Eusex County vots will never send him to Congress agaln, but he thinks the Irish yote may make him Governor of Maussaobusetts, . —_——— In*view of the lste depressing maws from Senator TausamaN, Mr. G. WasnuvaToN ORILDS, A, M., bas construoted the following beautiful elogy for the exclusivo use of Old BrLu ALLs ¢ Now I miss my lovely nephew, Who 4o ofea spoke me falr] He didn’t k| ao Lrue o Liua clim| e golden stalr. oae o Cutlaruia. It 1a understood that Senator Truaaax will aloah around in Oalifornia good deal betwseen now and the Jst of September, Democracy thers embraces no principles repulsivo to an honos’ man excapt the doctrine that the ralroads ought to own and oontrol the Btats. Thisle a familisr axiom to Benstor Tuvmaax, Mesnwhile, O iy Arexy will coneolo himaelf aa best ho cas, and preach rag-money and antl-monopaly in Olio, while his nophaw preaches on gold for the Contral Pacific Bailroad Qompany in Californin. —_———— The Frenoh Catholics of Montreal intimidated the Oity Oouncll from makiog vacoipation oom< pulsory by sianing them oub of thelr guar! he other day. n this asas 1§ s nok the ¢