Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 18, 1875, Page 4

* Bpecial arrangements made with such. THE CHICAGO 'TRIBUNE: -SUNDAY," JULY ' 18,* 1875.—SIXTEEN PAGES: = TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. BATEX OF SURSCRIPTION (PATABLE IN ADVANCE). , Postaxe ¥repaid at this Office. -.813.00 | Weskly, ) y 31300 | Feakrdrmer® % ndsy | Tomcopias. iguble aheet. 3.00/ Pirts of year gt the sime rate. ‘WaxTEp—Ons active agent in esch town and village, , Bpecimen copdes sent free. To prevent delsy and mistakes, be sure snd give Post-Office address in full, including Stateand County. Bemittsnfes may be made 2ither by draft, express, Post-Office order, or in registered letters, st ourrisk. TERMS TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS, Dally, delivered, Sunday excepted, 25 oents per week. Daly, delivered, Sundsy included, 30 cents per week. Address/ THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Carner Madison and Dearborn-sta., Chicago, Ill. TO-MORROW'S AMUSEMENTS. HOOLET'S THEATRE—Rndolph street, between Clark snd LaSalie. Eugagement of the Union Square Company. “ The Two Orpbana.” ACADEMY OF MUSIC—Haleted sireet, between Waaisen aud Monroe. Engagement of Robert Me- Wade, “Bory O’sore”and “ Dick Mit Dures Eyea.™ SOCIETY MEETINGS. MECHAXICS' INSTITUTE—AU hfe-members of the Mechauics’ Instiluts, of Chicago, zre barcby re- quastad to send Qucir paimes aod widross s {or che par pose of completing the List of membership, By or 3L 8. WHITCO! tary, 65 Washington-st, ATTEKTION, SIR Kfi\'lfinl'ns‘!fi:dd‘md"‘e of cago Commandery, No. 19, E. T., Monday evening, July 19, 1€75, for ielness and work on K. T. Order, Visiting Sir Enights courteously invited. Dy order of the Em. Com. G. A. WILLIAAS, Becorder. Tl Chirage Cribuge, Sundsy Morning, July 18, 1875. \ The public should be deeply grateful to the New Yorker who has carried the amend- _ments to the Postal law into the courts. He offered a book 1o be sent to Philadelphia and tendered the old rates of postage. The Post- master refused to transmit the package. An application has been made for a mandamus ,to compel him to do'so. The bill filed in support of the application makes some strong points against the validity of the express companies’ amendment to the lay. The Prince of Wales has done a very sensi- ble thing, and, as it is rare that the Prince of ‘Wales does a sensible thing, it shonld be set down to his credit. He has introduced smok- ing ss an afterpicce to English public din- ners. He set the fashion st the last dinner of the agriculturists by lighting his cigar almost 8s soon 85 he had taken hislast mouth- ful, and everyoone followed his example. “This has long been an Americn fashion, and hes proved an excellent aid to digestion, a ,promoter of sociality, and an antidote for the stupid speeches which usually follow the in- troduction of the wine and walnuts. —ee—m % The Irish gre ususlly accredited with » yenonopoly of the *‘bulls,” but the Germans .may well dispute the claim, if we accept as a }nmpla oné of the toasts proposed at the Sorvzz banguet in Berdin. It reads: } The Deutache frsu and the American girl, each so @ood i her place and way that wo acknowiedge the \guperiority of both, and seek’ through them the more parfect union and harmony of Germany and America. The sentiment was so admirable that there was no prejudice sgainst its construction, and the togst was received with tremendous cheering. It reads very much as though it had been written originally in German by an American and translated into English by a German. 1t may be taken, bowever, acs gracefol way the German sdopted to concede the superiority of the American girl, and aleo ice versa. s auvw pusiness done by the places of amuse- ment is a fair index of the times. It is worthy of remark, therefore, that, while New York City has had but one theatrs open, Chicago has had three theatres open during the past week, in addition to Barnvx's Hip- podrome, which has been visisted by tens of thousands of people. All the places of smusement have done a living business, while “ The Two Orphans,” at Hooley's, the only really meritorions attraction offered, has been playing to crowded houses. We do not believe there is a city in America that can soake a gimilar showing in the dull, heated season, in the very middle of summer. The delightfulness of Chicago weather during the summer ought to make this city the greatest emusement centre in the country at this time of the year. Our readers msay have noticed the excite- ment oceasioned abroad by au article printed in the Golos, of St. Petersburg, which gave what was assumed to bp an authoritative statement of an alliance between England and Russis, which was to restrain the ag- gressive tendencies of the German Empire. It now turns out that the statements of the Golos were the very reverse of anthoritative.” The Journal de St. Petersburg and the Mos- eow Gazetle both repudiato the assertions, as well as the inference of muthority given to them. Several German newspapers, such as the Ministerial Post, of Berlin, and the Na- Wonal Zeitung, of the same city, scoff at the 4dea suggested by the Gnk* and do not refer to England in terms that exhibit any marked dagree of fright on the part of Germany. The ways of officials are frequently past comprehension, and our Board of Public ‘Works is not always an exception. It is diffi- cult to understand, for instance, why they should order the renumbering of Wabash avenue just at this time. The only effect is to change the numbers from every 25 feet, as at present, to every 20 feet, and it can only benefit a small number of store-owners north of Congreas street, and will be of no especial benefit to them. " Yet a new Directory has Just been issued, and there will be no other for 8 Fear to come; it will be worse than val- ueless to all the residents on Wabash avenue if the numbers are changed, and & source of constant confusion. The change will involve oconsiderable expense to individusl house- owners, and we fancy it will meet with very general resistance. GaMrrTTA, though guilty of a good &eal of &illy bombast and French fanfaronnade dur- ing the lstter part of the Franco-Prussian ‘War, is entitled to the credit of the most sensible agtion taken in France for many years, in refusing to fight a duel with the swaggering journalistie bully Cassaorac. There was a little characteristic conceit in declining on account of * his party, France, and the Republic,” but the effect is not changed thereby, and the beneficial example ‘will not be lost if he has the courage to main- tain his position. This will require more courage, as s matter of fact, than it would to fight OCassagNac, though the Iatter is an expert and professional duelist. But Gauexrra is in & position to bresk down the present necessity in Parig, which ‘would be silly if it were not so murderous, of Sghting & duel every time a journalist er Pablis an spsaks -a plain truth, Now that GAMBETTA refuses to fight, Cissaorac threat- ens to kick him on sight. Very well ; if he does, it will then be time enough for Guax- BETTA to shoot, and he may do it on the spot. If not, let hjm turn M. CassaaNac over o the police, who will attend to his case. There is no city where personal assaults are more soverely punished than in Paris, and Cassia- xac will pay dearly for the luxury of kicking his antagonist. GaMBETTA can do his coun- try more service in setting a new precedent relative to dueling in France than he can by any number of grandiloquent speeches in the Assembly. A common, very annoying, and serious species of crime, which is growing worse in- stead of better, is the theft of horses and buggies, hitched in the business partsof the city, while the owners go to their offices. A favorite field of operation is in the neighbor- hood of the Chamber of Commerce, where hundreds of vehicles are left during the course of the dny. One day lastweek sixteen -cases of stolen buggies were reported, and not & day passes when there are not several such cases. The police seem to be notably inefficient in their treatment of these crimes. They recover but a small proportion of the stolen property, and apprehend none of the thieves. Wa lnow of no single species of crime that illustrates so vividly the utter demoralization of the police force, for there is no property that may not be so readily traced, or where the loss is 8o promptly reported, and the property 8o ac- curately described. Here is & chance for the new City Marshal, whever he may be, to demonstrate his own capacity apd the in- capacity of the late Board. ] THE POLICE GOVEBNMENT. Judge McArvsTee's decision in the case of the Police Commissioners vs. the Mayor and Common Council of Chicago may be accept- ed o8 extinguishing that Board. The points presented in this case are few and plain. For the purpose of the case, it was assumed that the charter of 1872 is in force, and - the decision of the Judge follows that assumption. The charter being consid- ered in operation, it authorizes the Common Council to provide by ordinance for the cre- ation of certain enumerated offices, and. the designation of the duties of the officers to be elected or appointed thereto, and also au- thorizes the creation of all such other offices as the Council may from time to time deem required. One of the offices thus authorized is a City Marshal. In the exerciss of this power the Common Council did create the office of City Marshal, and assigned to him the general powers, duties, and functions heretofore possessed by the Board of Police. The Police Commissioners songht by an injunction to restrain any action under this ordinante pending an inquiry by guo war- rapto. It will be remembered that the Board of "Police and Fire Commissioners was creat- ed by nct of Legislature, the Commissioners being elected by the votes of the people of Cook Couunty, and their jurisdiction extend- ing all over the county. It has been object- ed that the Commissioners %vere mot *city officers " merely, but were chosen by a larger constituency, snd had a territorial jurisdic- tion beyond that governed by the Mayor and Common Council, and that, therefore, they conld not be superseded by any action of the Common Council; and, further, that the charter of 1872 was not 5o inconsistent with the act creating the Board of Police as to re- pel e Intex” On fhose pofal thees bos boen g, wid- Juoge $.Zwers refused the injunction, and Tefused to extend it pending an appeal,”’ shd Judge MoALLIsTER, of the Supreme Court, has refused to extend the injunction pending the appenl. Judge MoArursten defines the juvisdiction of Cbancery Courts to be confined exclusively to questions of property; they have no juris- diction in criminal cases, and none in politi- cal. He states that no sane man would claim that the Couris can enjoin the Legislature, and it has been long established that Legis- latures can delegate authority to municipal corporations, therefore no Court has suthor- ity to enjoin the government of s ¢ity from doing any act warranted by the power dele- gated to it by the State Legislature. He considers, and s0 decides, that the passage of the ordinance creating the office of City Marshal, and conferring upon that officer all the police-authority hitherto exercised by the Board of Police Commissioners, is within the powers delegated to the Mayor and Common Council of Chicago. He does not agree with those who consider that this Police Board and other Boards were abolished ipso facto by the sdoption of the charter. He thinks that, as in this case, action by the Council was neces- sary, and when this action took place the Commissioners ceased to be city officers. With respect to the question, What be- comes of the Police Board after they cease to be “ ity officers"? he asys: ¢ What re- mains of their ofice is not for me to deter- mine.” ‘We understand this opinion as going to the extent that the City Marshal is the legal suc- cessor to all the powers, functions, and au- thority of the Board of Fire and Police Com- missioners, 50 far as relates to the police. He says that, “by the provisions of the act of 1872, a clear plenary power over the Po- lice Depar‘ment of the city is vested in the Common Council. Ii is an authority to re- organize and control that entire department, given in the broadest language to the Council and such offices 8s it, in its discretion, might choose to create.” Under the old law, the jurisdiction of the police of Chicago ex- tended all over tbe county, and, we suppose, a8 there is nothing in the new charter incon- sistent with this part of the old statate, that police authority over the whole county con- tinues unchanged. So far as the abolition of the Fire and Police Board goes, there will be no regrot. The friends of the charters of 1872 and 18756 all favored the abolition of that Board, which had long since cessed to be anything but an obstruction in the City Government. The President of that Board, Mr. Marx SExRIDAN, i a man of ability, and, we believe, of strict personal integrity. He has, however, failed as Police Commissioner, not for want of intelligence, but from a negligence and mis- apprehension of his duties. His administra- tion has demoralized the force. He has never had any notions of discipline. He is & man of generous sympathies. He has been hail fellow with all bis subordinates,—their com- panion, associste, and counsel, instead of their superior officer, owing & responsibility to the public for their conduct. He has deemed it n “hard” law that required an officer to bo punished for drunkenness, or for disorderly conduct, for beating a citizen unnecessarily, orforthe improper, indecorous, or brutal exercise of his police authority, and, wherever possible, has refused to punish, or if be gunished he imposed a penalty so light thad 8 served as an encoursgement rather thep ga 8 punishment. The efect has boen that officers have felt that they could do whatever they pleased, and the Board wonld treat it lightly. Complaints sgainst officers | have become so serions a thing to those who complained that they have practically ceased. While thus lenient to those under him, and to all intents and purposes reducing the force to an undiseiplined aM insubordinate body, he has been the most violent and pugnacious in his own insubordination. He has been possessed of 8 motion that his office Was constitutionally maintained, and therefore he might bid defiance to all law and all other vernmental authority. He has now run his full official life, and with his associates will step down and out of office, and as & private citizen, governed by intelligent and upright purposes, will be far more usefal to the community than he has ever been 83 a Police Commissioner. * We confess that, in being relieved of the Police Board, the public have the serious question presented to them, What will succeed it? We are clearly of opinion. that a single officer at the head of the police, clothed with summary’ powers, and himself responsible, i the wisest policy ; but this polity is exposed to the danger of an incompetent and unprin- cipled officer, responsible only 1o those whose sgent and accomplice heisin political and other schemes. We trust the Mayor will give us a City Marshal who, while personally com- petent for the duty, and a man of personal rectitude, will also be free from all responsibili- ty for, and all association with the wretched administration of the police force during the past. THE WORK OF MOODY AND BANEEY. ¢ Brother " Moopy and his melodious com- panion, SAxEEY, have concluded their mission in Great Britain, and are probably mow on the blue water resting from their labors and headed for home, to await the * Well done, good and faithful servants,” from their friends in Chicago. Time was when Chicago alone would have woven their laurels, but now the whole country will join in the welcome. The work they have done is something very remarkable,—more than that, it is something unprecedented in the annals of the religious world since the days of the Reformation. Not even Wrrrriep himself aroused such a furore and drew such crowds o hear him, although he had wanderful elo- quence and magnetism. In London alone, during the past four months, Mooy and SingEY have preached and sung in 60 meet- rule, that great revivals born of excitement and sensation have accomplished much lasting good. Nevertheless, no one will doubt the sincerity of Brother Moops's intentions, and no one can fail to recognize the manly manner in which he has borne himself before the un- usual quantity and quality of these audiences. He will, therefore, receive a most hearty wel- come home, and no one, not even his most bitter religious or irreligious opponents, will begrudge him the welcome. He will be all the more welcome because Chicago needs him now more than ever. s —— A VERY STUPID THIEF, The Cincinnati Enguirer records the ar- rest st Canton, Ohio, of a thief named Jx- rose Marker, who had committed a very heavy robbery. The property stolen con- sisted of $14,000 in mortgage notes, $300 worth of silverwars, several watches, and other property, amounting to about $20,000. The property was owned by one Mrs. Myes, and the first intimation the lady had of her loss was the receipt of aletter asking how much she wonld give to recover her property. She at once put the matter into the hands of the police, who arrested the thief. After his arrest, he disclosed to the police where the | property was buried, and it was all recovered. Mrs. Myes is mqgt certainly to bs congrata- lated ; likewise, the honest police of Canton, who have not yet discovered it is mot the duty of policemen to arrest thieves. But what shall bo said of the stupidity of this thief who was smart enough to steal $20,000 and then didn’t know how to dispose of the property and realize on it? If this thief had been as sharp in covering up as he wasin stealing, he would have sent the property at once to some Chicago pawnbroker. The pawnbroker would have received it and noti- fied the detectives that he had $20,000 of property belonging to Mrs. Myem, which that good lady coald have for a certain sum. Then the deteciives would have written to Mrs. Myer notifying her of the fact, and kindly and generously informing ber that she could have her property back upon the payment of a certain other sum. This would have been the fair thing all'round. The thief would have received enough to psy him for the risk he ran and the trouble he vas at, and would have been exempted from all fature possibility of ar- rest, instead of going to the Penitentiary, as he will now haws to do. The pawnbroket, as the *‘ middlenan,” would have been hand- ings at Camberwell, to 480,000 people ; in 45 meetings at Victoria, to 400,000 people ; in 60 meetings at the Opera-House, to 330,000 peo- ple ; in GO meetings at Bow street, to 600,000 people; and at 60 meetings in Agricultural Hall, to 720,000 people. In the aggregate, therefore, they have held 285 meetings, or an average of 2 per day, to 2,330,000 people, giving an average attendance of nearly 9,000 people at each service. This is but a small part of the real work done, for Moopy and Sanker have ‘mot only been busy in London, but they have traversed Eng- land, Scotland, and Ireland, speaking in cities and towns. They have drawn to their services both nobles and commoners. They hsye stood up before the pessants and laborers, before the low and vicious classes and the high and educated, before trades- 1men, scientists, clergymen of all denomina- tions, literary men, members of Parliament, Lords, Earls, Dukes, Countesses, and Prin- cesses, and the Royal Egmily (all except the Queen), and including the Prince of Wales, let us hope to the betterment of his doubtfal wxdadinn havasfiim . Mhap Leva got gll the churches of the United Kingdom into a warm discussion of the secrets of their remarkable influence. They have agitated Parliament. They have stirred up the violent opposition of the high-toned and fastidions literary jour- nals like the Saturday Press, Spectator, and Athencum. 'They have invaded the classic precinets of ancient seats of learning, and disturbed their proprieties and cobwebbed conventionalities. They have taken prece- dence of every other sttraction, and made themselves the reigning sensation. They have shaken the” whole United Kingdom as’ with the rushing of a mighty wind, and have stirred up all classes of English society, from the besodden leborer in his hovel to the Prin- cess in her palace, as they have never been stirred before. . The first questions which will be asked by every Chicagoan is, How has Moopx done this? By what secret has he caused this great commotion? Has Moopysuffered a sea change into something rich and strange ? Has he become another Moopy since he left ns? ‘Where has he found these nmew powers of fascination which have drawn the multitudes about him by thousands and tens of thou- san ‘What ds it that has caused it ? People here niever ran afterMoony much. He ranked low in the scale as compared with the aver- age ministerial standard of the city. No one ever suspected he was a pulpit orator or would rise any higher than the superintend- ence of a mission school or the direction of & prayer meeting. He was a small . star with a little twinkle, liable to be obscured by any thin clond that came along; but lo! sl of a sudden, he appears 23 a blazing comet sweeping msjestically through the sky, with all the world wondering at its brilliancy, and paling all the old stars wo have been accustomed to regard as planets of the fir§t magnitude. We can only explain it on the grounds that the prophet is not without honor save in his own country. At home, we saw Moopy every day, and were so familiar with him that we took no note of the possibilities of success in his composition. We saw only the illiterate, self-opinionated, obstinate, enthusiastic, dry, and somewhat tedious, and, as Mr. CoLLTER says, * muddfe- headed,” Mocpy. We did not ses the daunt- less, unabashed, determined, concentrative, incisive Moopy. We saw Moopy as an earnest, sincere, inflexible Christian, with no great gifts, but ready to perform any hard or disagreeable work he might find to do in the ranks. We didgnot see him a3 the grand leader, with his campaign clearly marked out and moving to its accom. plishment with an irresistible determination and strength of purpose. This is what the English have seen. His labors in Chicago were evidently only the training for this work. In his wrestle with vice and sin in all their forms in this city, he was preparing himself for this wonderfully brilliant:career 28 a revivalist. And so it happened that, although in every one of his audiences there were scores, if not hundreds, of men abler, more learned, mors eloquent, more gifted in intellect, and equally imbued with piety, they gladly listened to him, and were fasci- nated with his earnestness of purposs and the simple, but direct, manner in which he sought to accomplish it, ., Moopr's work in England is over. Of course it remains to be seen what he has really accomplished in the way of lssting good,—whether he has really made the myrisds who have listened to him permanent- Ly bottar at heart, It has nok besn true, as & somely rewardel for negotiating between the police and the thief. The detective would also have receved something nice for coms- pounding a felony and letting & thief go un- punished. It sems strange that this Canton thief bad not heard of the mode of doing ‘business in Chicago. Buch an ignorant man is a disgrace tothe ancient guild of thieves. We will suppoie a case which will illustrate the Chicago system still more clearly. Sup- pose that a lavyer, doctor, or clergyman had received a wath as & testimonial. We will take the clergyman, as clergymen &re most likaly to get ‘estimonials. Suppose that he is presented vith a valusble watch from his congregation, and his name is placed con- spicuously ir the inscription on the watch. One night ls house is entered and it is stolen. A fiw weeks elapses and he mever expects to Iear from it again, whenhe is suddenly swprised at the receipt of a letter from the Ch'ef Detective informing him that he knows where the watch is, and can re- cover it for Yim upon the payment of a cer- tain sum, wy $55. Of course a pawn- broker hsa it all this time, and cannot sately dispose of it, the watch having the owner's nane engraved upon it. The clergy- man, beingunused*to the ways of the world, in the simjlicity of his soul goes to the de- tective or iends a friend to him, who asks if he knows where the watch is, and who the thief or mwnbroker is; why he does not arrest the thief or pawnbroker, and take the watch away from him, and restore it to the rightful owner. The detective quietly in- forms him that is not the system. He fan- cies that tle Mayor may be able to comfort him, so le takes his letter and goes to the Mayo. That funciionarv hears his story and looks up surprised. He then informs the gentleman that that is not the way such business is done, and, if the business wero dome that way, the efect would be that all the thieves would send their goods to St. Louis, Cin- cinnati, orPittsburg, or some other city, and the owner would never again hear from the property. The clergyman's friend goes sor- rowfully avay, and the clergyman, not being able to acvance money emough to get his watch, is still without it. ‘We havs supposed a case which illustrates the systen that prevails in Chicago. If the picture isalleged to be too highly colored, we can cte the Mayor, Marshal, or Chief Detectiveto a case in point which has come to our kmowledge not unlike the one above sketched. THE WELLAND CANAL, Those who read the description, printed in Tae Tenuxe of yesterday, of the work al- ready doae on the enlargement of the Wel- land Caral must have been struck with the completeness of the scheme and the magnifi- cence of the engineering. The work contem- plates, in effect, an entirely new canal. In- stead of the present ditch, which is only 90 feet in width at the water surface and 50 feet at the bottom, thers will be, when com- pleted, a canal 190 feet wide at the top, 100 feet atthe bottom, and 14 feet deep. This will furnish & channel for the largest ships and propellers on the lakes to pass through the canal with ease. They will be protected againet danger and annoyance by the most perfect system of embankments, and locks, and reservoirs,—the latter devised for the purpose of furnishing an immediate supply of waier to the portion of canaP lowered for passing through the locks, and thus prevent- ing a current. The locks are 270 feet long and 45 feet wide, while a propeller 250x35 feet in dimensions is one of the very largest size. The canal is 28 miles in length and has s lockage of 280 feet, and runs around Niagara Falls on the Canada side from Port Colborne on Lake Erie to Port Dalhousie on Lake Ontario. The entire canal will be fed from Lake Erie, and, to sccomplish this, the dredging of Port Colborne will be one of the mos; costly parts of the work ; the excavation at #Nis point is to be 17 feet below high-water mark, and the piers of the canal will extend 1,800 feet out into the lake. The work at Pori Colborne will cost $3,000,000. The present channel of the Welland Canal is to be enlarged to the required dimensions for aboat 18 miles from Port Colborne; from this point for 8 miles an entirely new bed will be made, which will give two independ- ent canals from Thorold to the outlet at Port Dalhousie, one for the smaller and ons for the larger Veasels, which will ingure greater dispatch for both, For a large part of this distance tha channel will be lined with mass- ive stone wallx 18 feet high, and tapering from 7 foat Liioknews at the base to 8 fost at the top. It is believed that the entire work will be completed within three years from last winter, and the cost is variously estimated at from $9,500,000 to $20,000,000. As the work is to be of the most perfect and mass- ive description, it is mot unlikely that the final cost will reach the latter figure. This enlargement of the Wellsud Canal is of the most vital importance to the entire grain and provision producing Northwest, and to Chicago as the distributing centre of the Northwest. It will farnish a permanent competition during the season to the railroads and the Erie Canal ; and, as it runs through foreign territory, is owned by foreign capital, and is constructed in the interest of Canada and Montreal, there is no reason to appre- hend any pooling of interests or other com- bination calculated to break down the advan- tages of this competition. It is sure to have great sdvantages over the Erie Canal, even if the Americans should undertake itsenlargement. To begin with, it will be open probably four weeks longer during the ses- son,—say two in the spring and two in the fall,—since it is better protected from the ice-gorges which collect in the pocket where Buffalo is located. This of itself would be sufficient to overcome the competition of a New York canal that could offer equal dimen- gions and equal equipments. Another ad- vantage the Welland Canal will always have is a gréater protection againstthe rapids than 2 canal on the American side can command, which will make a large difference in the cost of towage in favor of the Canada canal. An- other reason why Chicago and the Northwest must regard the enlargement of the Welland Canal with especial favor is, that it will be bailt with English capital, ard, as Western shippers have to pay toll in either case, they ‘will prefer to pay it to those who expect the lower interest on their investment® The dif- ference may be faixly understood wher it is stated that the Canadian toll on wheast is six mills, while the State of New York charges two cents,—nearly four times as much. © A warrant for the roughness of the work on the Welland Caml is found in the fact thut the description we have given of it was taken from the Buffalo Commercial Adver- tiser, which represents interests that sre di- rectly antagonized by the improvement, bat which cannot deny the inevitableresults. This journal says, editorially, that the Welland Canal “has a more direct bearing on the business of New York than all of the rail- ways together,” and adds : 1t 1s designed expressly to divert the immenze West- ern breadstuffs trads from the Erfe Canal to the Cana- dian channels, and to transfer_the vast importing and erporting business of New York to Montreal, The engineers in charge of the improvement state boldly that their plans have been made with these special ob- Jocts in view, and there i too much reason to fear that they will beat least partially succesafal, unless prompt and efficlent measures are devised to counter- act them. That the Canadisns are terribly in earnest in their struggle for tha control of the graln business 1s demonstrated by the substantial character of the new work and the large expenditurca which they are making on the canal. We have no doubt that all this is true, but it is none the less advantageous to Chicago and the farmers of the Northwest; and, so far a8 New York City is concernéd, we have no sympathy to waste upon it; it has merit- ed all the lossin trade that may come upon it e NEW YORK CITY IN DARGER. The “ew York World has, upon severa] occasions and in a very malicious manner, animadverted upon the exposure of Chicago to danger from fire, and called upon the in- surance companies to withdraw their capital from this city, if something were not done to lessen that danger. In commenting upon these unjust articles, TEe CaIcaco Tnmunm has heretofore confined its replies to showing that Chicago was spending all the money it could afford and doing much to perfect its Fire Department and increase its resources for extinguishing fire. At the same time, it has asked the pertinent question- whether New York itself was so secure against danger from fire that it could assume to dictate to insur- ance companies as to the feasibility of taking risksin Chicago. The World, however, has not seen fit to answer this question except in general terms ; but at last we have a very direct answer, coming from the New York Journal of Commerce, an old, relinble, steady, and unsensational pewspaper, which is never alarmed without cause. It appears that the Board of Fire Underwriters, the Commis- sioner of Public Works, and the Chief Engi- neer of the Crofon Aqueduct, whose knowl- edge touching the water-supply of that city and its distribhition is complete, .are agreed in the decision that the city is in great peril for the want of increased water facilities, and have asked for an appropriation of only $500,000 to make the necessary improve- ments for securing the city against imminent danger from a great fire. Upon this point the Journal of Commerce says: But thisimmense natural advantage will fall of its full valus to the city unless the spparatus for the de- livery of water is conatantly improved and kept up to the mark, It is far inferior to the requisition upon it which would be occasioned by a serious confiagration, This i8 alarmingly true of the lower part of the city, where tho mains are old and small, and the bydranis toofar spart, -But for the conveniently accessible rivers, the down-town wards would b exposed to de- atruction in the event of a fire gaining headway in 3 nhigh wind, and, of course, the whoie city would be en- dangered. Experts say that se cannot be reckonsd secure m sny portion of the city until bydrants sre put at intervals no greater than one street apart, and to thess the Croton must be supplisd by mains and pipes much larger than those now generally in use, Compared with the loss which would ensue to New York in case of 'a great conflagration, this sum is trifling, and yet, when the ques- tion of appropriation came before the Board of - Aldermen, it was defeated, not upon grounds of economy or because the appro- priation was upnecessary, but purely from political reasons and because the minority of the Aldermen cannot have a share of the patronage. The Journal of Commerce there- upon administers a severe rebuke to these racalcitrants, and intimates that the Board of Aldermen may yet be dispensed with alto- gether. . Our question now has been quite complets. 1y answered—so completely, in point of fact, that we do not need to press it any farther. ‘We havelearned from the public press of that city that many of the buildings are unsafe, and in case of a large firs would offer no ob- stacle to its progress. We have learned from the Commissioner of Rates and Surveys that, of the sixty or more hotels in that city, thers is not one which is not a fire-trap. Now we learn from the Board of Underwriters, the Commissioner of Public Works, and the Chief Engmeer of the Croton Agueduct, that the city requires additional mains, branches, and bydrants, the latter in large numbers, and that no part of the city will be securs until these changes are made. What is New York doing about it? The hotel and build- ing owners, when requested to mske the changes necessary to render them secure, re- plied that there was no necessity for it, in- asmuch as they could get all the insurance they wanted. The Board of Aldermen, when asked for s mere bagatelle to increase the water facilities of the city, refusedit. By what rules of fairness, justice, or com~ gistency, therefors, does New York assume to prejudice insurance capital againsta city which is doing all in its power, and spending every cent it can spare, to protect itsslf ? Until New York does take some steps in this direction, any farther assumptions of the sort we have mentioned will be gratuitounsly impudent and unworthy of notice, especially from the supercilious and patronizing World. MRB. GLADSTONE ON THE CHUECH OF ERGLAND, The full text of Mr., GrapsToNE's famous article in reply to the question, “Is the Church of England worth preserving?” has reached us. Although the ex-Premier an- swers the query in the affirmative,—that the union of the Church and State should be pre- served,—the tone of the article shows how seriously he doubts whether this anion of Church and State will be preserved, no mat- ter how worthy of life it may be. Then, too, the argument is singularly weak. The divi- sions in the Church of England, says Mr. GrapstoNe, are caused by adherence to forms or departure from them. Let us play that the forms signify nothing, and then we will not care whether or not they are ob- served. This might do for children, not for men. Itis precisely because the formsdo mean something, because s * priest” who looks to the east during s certain prayer of the communion service thereby signifies his belief in the Real Presence in the bread, that 2 commonplace change of position becomes s wedge to split the Church asunder. No amount of shamming can alter that fact. Mr. GrapsToNe’s remedy is preposterous. The policy of inactivity is the oxly thing, however, that he can recommend. He condemns the ecclesiastical prosecutions of the last forty years as * mischievons.” They have intenki- fied the ills they were meant to cure. In- novators should have been left alone. fn fact, the Church of England, like the late Confederacy, wants only one thing,—to be left alone. I it is not, it will be seriously endangered. The disestablisher of the Irish Church and the strong advocate of the En- glish Church says: *Itiscertain that the splitting of the Church will destroy its union with the State.” Mr. GrLapsTONE began polit- ical life as a Conservative. His first work of promigence was & book on Church and State, in which he laid down the doctrine t the first duty of the latter to rt that the luty 6 ‘was to suppo: ke Wiy the former. MacaULAY, reviewing this book, spoke of the suthor as *‘the rising hope of the stern and unbending Tories.” The High- Church bias of the young man still controls the old. The ex-Premier, even while decry- ing sgitation, says that there must be no liberalizing of the Church. Any serious changes would be, in his opinion, ‘‘synony- mous with the destruction of the National Establishment.” In a word, the only possible safety for the Chburch of England, in Mr. GraupsTONE's opinion, is'a rigid adherence to the do-nothing policy. Thers are sbuses here and discontent thers, but both must be left without a remedy. Thronghout the long article we search in vain for any valid reason for preserving the “ Establishment,” thatis, the union of Church and State. Why should 23,000,000 people be taxed for the benefit of 10,000,000 (this is the very large estimate made by the author) adherents to one of the English sects? This question is not even touched upon. Mr. GrapsTong makes a good point by sayingthat his Church forms a link between Romanism and *Evangelicalism,” and so is essential to the continuity of the Christian body, but this could be said of other sects as well. Nearly every one of the many is a half-way house between two other denominations. Does #his show that all the others should be taxed for its support? The essay of the ex-Premier will probably hart, rather than help, the En- glish State Church. Few of its opponents have believed that it was as weak as its apolo- gist describes it. The style of tho article justifies the opinion 80 freely expressed by the English press. Mr. GrapsToxE speaks much stronger English than he writes. He can hold the House of Commons for hours while he talks about dry details of finance, but his written sentences are lifeless in comparison therewith. ‘We publish elsewhere as much of his article a3 is likely to interest the religions publie. A NOTABLE REFORM IN ERGLAND. A few yesrs ago, when Mrs. GARRETT-AN- DERsON, a gister of Ars. Prof. Fawcerr, wished to study medicine, she found all the English schools closed to her. Fortunately for her purpose, she had energy and plenty of money. She hired the whole staff of the best medical school in London to repeat to her the lectures they were giving their mas. culine students. She thus established a new school, with herself as the sole scholar. When she had finished the course, she ap- plied for examination o the Bociety of Apothecaries, one of the nineteen bodies suthorized to grant medical licenses. The rules of the Society only required that an applicant should bhave been instructed by * authorized lecturers.” Mrs. AxpersoN was therefore examined. She pass- ed brilliantly, and was licensed to practice. But the door by which she entered ths pro- fession was at once shutand locked. The Society of Apothecaries changed its rules, so that applipants had to show that they had studied *‘in a recognized schoal” All the nineteen licensing corporations now have this rule. All of them decline to acknowledge Li- censes granted by foreign universfties. En- glish women are therefors legally excluded from the medical profession. They can practice, if they choose, but, like all other unlicensed doctors, they cannot enter any of the public services, and cannot sue a refrac- tory patient for fees. A partially successful attempt has been mads to do away with this effect of an obso- lete prejudice. The General Medical Council of Education and Registration, which is the representative of the nineteen licensing cor- porations, was asked by the Ministry to con- sider the advisability of registering the medi- cal degrees granted to women by certain eminent foreign universities and of sdmitting women to medical study and practice in England. There was an snimated debate. The strongest opposition to the reform came from Dr. -Woop, of Edinburg, who de- clared that women did not bhave the strength of nerve and mental endurance to stand the sight of blood, suffering, and agony which were needed, snd that womanly modesty and delicacy forbads them to stady or practice the art of healing the sick. It was a Scotch speech,—well put, not lacking in reason, bitterly conserv- ative, It was argued, in reply, that the duties of nurses, Sisters of Mercy, hospital matrons, ete., 80 successfully discharged by women, all involved the disagreesblo parts of a doctor's practice ; that women wers ac- knowledged to be indispensable in the sick- room ; and that one great class of diseases conld be treated better by women than by men. The result wasa vote that ¢ women ought not to be debarred * from studying and practicing medicine. At the i the Council declared that it did noy L2 mend them to do so0. It suggested that none of the licensing bodies decided to ldr.n: feminine students, the Council itself by be suthorized to arrange courses ang o examinations for them. A bill i t be i, troduced at the next sessiondof Parliameny This reform within the lines ‘of the most conservative profession of a co; a country, and under the superintendencs oy conservative Ministry, is especiall worthy. It has doubtless been m{u;_& part, by the great success of the m.m; pioneer, Mrs. GARRETT-ANDERSON, This, however. is but the gain of the step. After the women get their dagrasy they must get their patienta. They will fnd it hard work. Male doctors wait for yepg for a remunerative practics. Women il have to wait still longer. Men will probay never employ them to any great mz and women are strangely loth o do so, The anxions wife or mother sends for & ma gy take care of her husband, hwrcmt or herself. She trusts him; she doss py trust the feminine physician next door, Bray in cases which seem especially adapted f feminine care, men are preferred This doubtless partly due to the fact that my have better opportunities for education, 3 remains to be seen whether equalizing thy opportunities of study will equalizs thy chances for practice, The WaioNER war, which has been Tagiag. beretoforson the Contivent, seems to hyyy been trausferred to England. Tre Afheneum, which is one of the most powerty and intellizent of the anti-Wagnerites, has thy following clincher : We give, as & confirmation of our statements fu iey week's notice of * Lobengrin " that Herr Waaamy theory has not destroyed the prestige of the opers, as has tean alleged most erToneonaly, s lin of the works performed during the mont of Mayatthy two Im theatres of Austris and Prosa, s given, nudy: and_“ Wiliam' Tes* o Rossna; the *Trovaurs™ of Signor Veany; “ly Dame Blanche” of BOIXLDIKU; * Der Freischat,® a0d “ Oberon™ of WEBER ; the * Nozze di Fzuee and “Flauto Magico” of iozawr; the # v and - Huguenota™ of zxa ; the Fidelio®e BrzraOvEN; the *Marta” of Herr von Fuomow; and the **Lobengrin " and “Tannhauser” of Berr WaONEE, besides six ballets, * Fick and Foer® 4 Bardanapalus,” “ Fantascs,” ** Satunells,” * Kilnar? and * Morgana.® In Venics seven oper:s werspm formed ~the “ Mignon,” by M. AsuBouw Tuouw; 4 The Merry Wives of Wiadsor,” by Orto Niows 4 Oberon,¥ by WeEEs ; * Bomeo and Juiiet by . Gouxop ; “ L'Etale du Nord,” by Mrraamm; ug Wagnerian champions bers aould be o in thelr asuertions about the decay of Itaiias md French opera. . This is hardly » fair statsment, Wacwrzbu ‘written bus three oparas which are m the staad- ard repertoire—** Tanohauser,” * Lohesgns® and the “ Flying Dutchman,” while the otbw combosers represented above have written scores of operas which can be drawn upon sad must te drawn npon because people will have vansty. 4 repetition of Veapi's, Berirai's, or Dowizar 'T1's operas would cot be toleraled any mare thay of WaaNER's works. Perhaps, however, one of the beat tosta of success may be stacisd uom the treasurers’ books and last season inthe United States, whila neither Vzaor's, Bruiryr's, Dusizermr's, or Gouxop's works paid for the expenses of their representations, Waosm'y » Lohengrin * netted larga profics to the man- sger every timeitwssgiven. The citationof operas by various composers as sgainat s hind ful of works by one manis not s fair compansa. ‘Ware there as many operas and ai maoy oo posersin the WaoNer school as in the Itviu and French schools, then the contrast mightte drawn with justice. An Associated Press dispatch from Ssn Fooe cisco dryly conveys the information tbatCol STRINBERGER, the United States Commissiooe, has been chosen Prime Miniater for life of tba Navigator Llsnds.” Kurchermore, the mms hamorist adds, *and he has accopted the poc- tion.” The gallant and mysterious Colonsl, thus enviably provided for at the public expeass of his compatriots, is keenly remembered in S Francitco, where he used to spend with & lava band the income he denved through some we discovered channel from- the United Sistas Tressury. Of late yoars he has perpatuslly ra up and down the esrth on * mssions” of which the diplomatic results have been n precisaly inverse ratio to the smount of money expanded to promote them. Fired by avague piojd of annoxation, which was to supplement our Arctic property in Alasks with some conl reef sweitering in mid-Pacific, Col. Stxixzxacmd mansged to extort the use of & sloop-ol-vi {rom the Government, and recently set out o his mildly-predstory excursion with s full cargo of rust-eatec muskets and 8 few bundred weight of ball cartridges. The Navigsi Islands, better known as the Salmosn group, waere the boundary of bis ambition. Thitherbs took himself and his munitioos of war, and, st ter realizing the absolute failure of every L tempt to establish an American ++ protectorats” gracefally compromised with fortune, and, to quote the dispatch, ** acceptod the position [ Prime Minister.” All thiogs considered, # looks like the shrewdest ecomomy to depctt every vague Plenipotentiary of the STRvszzan order to those baimy islsads, in which Bara Groa's sort of diplomacy can be exarcised at & minimom of hurt and cost to the Amarican peo- pla We desire to draw particuiar attention {08 prescription whioh bas been printed by tha Sd entific American, which is s2id to have provad 8 practical and efficient remedy for the chrosis love of strong drink. Itis described as follows: Thers ia s prescription tn uss in England for 0 cuze of drunkenness, by which thousands are sid # Dhave been asaisted In recovering themaaives, Tho = celpt came intonotoriety through the efforts of Joud Vox HaLL, commander of the Grest Eastern ! He bad falien into such habitual most earnest effarts o reclaim himself proved ing. Atlength he sought the advice of an emise physician, who gave bim s preacription,—wbich b8 Toliowed faithfully for seven morths, and at the @4 of that time had lost all desire for liquor, aithoughb® bad for many yeurs been led captive,—which he sur- wards publishied, and by which 80’ many. :'xvo boen sssiated to reform. u follows: . 1rom, five rrains ; ini-water, eleven arachmd opirit of mutmea, ons draehm ; tois @ dig. T8 properstion acte 12 4 sémulent and toale, and partsh y supplies the place of the accustomed liguor, s34 prevents that absolute physical and moral pr that followa & sudden breaking from the uss of stisd Iatirg drinks. We can scarcely concelve that the Scient{® American would have printed this withoat beog eatsfied of its efficiency. We commend ib therefora, to the consideration of our phynsists and drupgists. There are many men sddicted (& strong drink who are worthy objects of commiss eration, lost beyond their own mental and mare al powers for recuperation and reform. If theré is anything in the world that can he'p them 088 of theslough of despond in which they&nd themselves, it ia & blessing which ought ¥0 be dispeminated. ——————— Every large daily paper in recelpt of news telegrams from sll parts of the couotry is more or lees at the mercy of its correspondents in re- spect of the truthfulness of the news forwardes iD this maoner. It is the aim of Tax Txmo™ to employ noue but relisble correspondents. and topublish nothing but trathfal pews. Occasion ally, however, we are made the victim of crcom stances beyond our control. Buch was the 238 in the matter of an alleged outrage apon oy woman near Joliet, sn sccount of which aF peared 1o our isene of July 14. The correspond ent who sent us the dispatch mentioned. as oo of sparty of men who committed tba brutf outrage, Mr. WizLiax Kxaz, s freight-condocio on the Chicago & Alton Rulrosd. Having take Fains to inquire into the facts of the case, ¥ bhave sscertsined that the sccount, so far 88 ° related to Mr. Kxuz, waa an absolute falsebooc baving nofouodation in fact, and not even & suf gostion of truth. Mr. Kxza was not consecte with anv such brutslity, if sny occurred, whic is by 0o msans clear, a8 the charge reats mere. i