Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 13, 1875, Page 4

TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. BATER OF KUPSCRIPTION (TATADLE TN ADVARCE), Poutage I'repalid at thia Ofice. .00 | Weokly, 1 you S1TR0 | Fiee o "Tot oopi WANIE: ut in each torm snd village. Epecial arrangemonts mads with such, Bpecimen coples sent froo, 5 Tn pravent delay and mistakes, be sure and glve Post. Ofiice address in fall, Including State and County. Remiitancesmay bomadeelther by draft, expreas, Post- Ot:coorder, o in registored letters, at our risk, TERNA 7TO CITT AUNSCRIDERS, Dally, doliversd, Bunday excepted, 23 esnts perwack, Dally, dellrersd, Bunday Includod, 30 conts pse week. Addre THE TRIBUNE O NY, Cornar Madieon and Donrborn-sts,, Chicago, 1il TO.DAY'S AMUSENENTS. AVIOKTR'S THRATREMadiron strest, atharn and Htate, Kngagement of Lolta. Nall and the Marchion botween ** Little an TIRATRE-! b atreot, enrner Mon. rone Verinty sntortaimmann Y o gars o HoROLACLS Iated streat, hotween Mad. OADEM 18 B Loy mont, of the Wallaco Sisters Luck." fton and Monros. 1o Combination, ** Minn EV'S_ TUFATII—Randolnh _strast, batween TR A et Kaghgemment of Mad, Janstsehot: *&hloanay Wotd. PRRAHLOUSTE—Clark 4 1 opposite Eiersaas Dot - KA3e, Mell & Wambotats” MPemreter ALT—Alndlenn stront, hntmeen Clark A e T o ae hiEattios Bengress ¥ 254 83 Blaney Quartoito. MCOORMIOR HALT—Carner North Clark and Kinzle strests. Cougect for tho Palluarmonle Club, BRUNSWICR'S WAREROOMS—Nos, 47 and 49 State strest. Liliard Tournament, Afternounand evcuing. SOCIETY MEETINGS. | ASHLALRL LODGE, No 308, A, F. & A, M.~Te, s 3y okt 100 EusTaces and wi 17 o otk dintly tnvitd, U, 11, URANE, Seo. - ATTENTION, SIn ‘Apollo Commanders, the 1 0r B, 138 W lonelaro of aday) even. . T\ ardor, iy arder of Raocurdor, Bnoclal this (1 worl: on invit LOC] 2 BUSINESS NOTICES. TO THOSE WHOSE: GIINDERS HAVE CEASED Decausg they are fow: Ga to_Dr, MCUHESN EY'S, coraor Olark and Randolph.six. Ono brico, 84a full set best gum tosth, Tocih oatracted without paln, Batiaface tlon given or maney rafunded. Che Chitags Tiibune, Tuosdey Ilorning, April 13, 1875, AeCanTsry, the famous connterfeiter who i from the custody of tho United St Marshal in Texas, was recaplured yos- texday. A better stato of things is reported from the scene of the mining disturbances in Pennsylvanin, Tho State troops will remain on the ground for tho presont, and alrendy some 2,000 miners have returned to work, with & prospect that others will soon follow. Judge MoAxvListen feels called upon to cor. rect the genoral belief that ho sent tho telo- gram ordering ‘tho relesss of Mr., Srorxzy. From his statoment it would appear: that somebody wes ‘guilty of forgery in writing and forwarding .the dispatch, upon the re- ceipt of which the Sheriff liborated the pris- onor, who otherwiso “would bave had to ro- main in jail all night and until the sssembly of tho Court in:the morning, Clently hero is a case of constructive usurpation of ju- dicinl functions, . but ; Judge MoArrasTen doosn’t geem to have worked up a very high stato of indignation about it. E— Groat stress is laid upon tho fact that the frouds in, the 'Post-Ofiice Departmont bave regultod in o saving to’ tho .Government, as tho contracts,” though fraudulently obtained, wero at lower figures than lbone‘proposcd in the logitimate bids. . Admitting this to bo true, it furnishes no reason why the Post. mastor-Genoral'siould not proscento the guilty parties with unabated vigor, for it is of tho highest’ importance that” tho corrupt ring should be broken up, and that the Dopart- ment shonld heroafter enjoy tha bonefit of n goneral competition, which can only be had . when it becomes thoroughly established that proposals for'mail service will bo received and treated in good faith, and without favor- itism or fraud., - Mr. Brzcnen;hos nenrly finished his testi- mony.: Yesterday ho devoted hisattention to Mrs. Movrron's sworn statement of her vari- ous interviows with him, and in which, upon soveral occasions, according to lier’ evidenco, Lio confeased and ‘ndmitted the: truth of Tz~ ToN's charges, Each and . every one of the material poiuts in Mni. Mourroy's recital an- der oath havo now been deniod by Mr, Beeca. En under oath, and that Iady, of whom Lo has repeatedly spolen In Lighly complimentary terms, ho now accuses of wilful, delibernte porjury. This finishes the list. According to A, Beeouer, none of the principal wit. nesses for the plaintiff aro entitled to tolern- tion in yospoctablo circles, but, on the con- \rary, they:should mow be inmates of tho Pouitentiary, serving out a sentenca for per- jury., Dut the issue'is not quite mada up, It is announced. positively that the defonse will offer Mrs, TiLToN 08 o witness, and that hier teatimony wilk bo received by the Court, unless objection. is made by the plaintifs connsel, in which latter event, it is snid, her sworn doposition will bo taken and mado public. From this it is obvious that the nature and purport of her ovidonce are known in advauce, and are known’to bein perfect accord with the sweoping denials of Mr. Breouzn. It would be prepostorous to suppose anything elso, and, ns tho plaintift can hardly be any the worse off for this sort of corroboration of Mr. Beeonen's testimony, Mr, Truron's lawyers, it is thought, will con. sent to the introduction of this new witness, especially 0s.an objection would have o tend. ency to projudice their caso, The work of providing a 12-foot channel from Prescott to Montreal will, it seems, cost Cannda more. than sho bargained for, Tho original estimate was $10,000,000. Contracts weralet on this basis, The Chief Enginoer of Public Works for the Dominion has latoly mado a new caloulation, based on the expenso of the work alresdy done, Ifo now figures the cost at $11;710,847. The contractors,” who wero obliged to " guess, rather than reck. o, the prices at which it would be safe to bid, are now nsking for incrorsed compensn. tion. Xf they pget it, the completion of the channel to .Montregl . is prom- Ised by- May, -1879,—four ,years hence, The Cavadisn Government will moke o mistake if it docs not have this channel dug to s depth of 14 foet, while the neces- sary machinery, labor, ofo,, ars on the ground. . The cost of the extra excavation uow will beouly a fraction of what must be poid for it huerenfter, asa piece of independ- sut work, Thentake 2 feet inore from tho bot- tom of the Welland Canal und the great in- lang watur-way of the world will be complete, Wawill tako care of the 8t. Clalr Flats aud L4 lake Barbors, If * unbalanced bids"— ** rook ezoavation, par cubjo-yard, 10 cents ; earth excavation, &3 "—nra promplly reject. cd and only honest contracts aro lef, Earl Dorreniy's seare over the cost of thisab- solntely necessary improvoment will prove unfounded. The Chicago produce marltets wereirregnlar yestorday. Mess pork was active and de-~ clined 3¢ per brl, closing at $21.35 cash, and £21,60@21.628 for June, TLard was quict and e per 100 Ibs lower, closing nt 15,25 enshy and 216.46@15.47% for June. Menta wero netive and A@]o lower, closing nt 7o for shoulders, 11jc for short ribs, and 11jc for short clears. Highwines wero quiet and unchanged, at 81,11 per gallon. Flour was quiet and firm, .Whent wns netive and jo higher, closing wonk at $1,02} for April, nd £1.06¢ for May. Corn was in fair demand, and }@Jo higher, closing at 71c for April and 783 for May. , Onts wero motderately nctivo and a shado firmer, closing at fllo for April and G2jo for AMny, Tiyo was inactive and weak, at $1,10 bid and 21,12 asked. Barley wna quiet and unchanged, at §1.03 for April and $1.00 for May. IHogs wero nctive and higher, with sales nt $7.75@9.40. Cattlo and sheep wore in good demand at firm rates. The Peorin I'ranseript has a poculiar theory about the alleged defaleation in the Grain. Inspector's oflice, which it states as follows: HARrrn gave bonds only for tho faithful dischargs of s duty as Inspector. His londemen are not tiolden for any misappropriation of surplis moneys selifeh may have coms into Lis Lands, Fusther than 1hals, the law rravides that the rates for fnspection shiall bo so fixed a8 to pay tne expense of tho oflide, and ne more, ‘There in no provision for auy surplus, nor was any surplus_ contemplated, A surplus baving acoue mulated in the bands of HARPen, it 16 a0 open ques. tion a8 to whom It belongs, - 1t cortaizly docs not be- long tothe Szate; amt if it docsn’t belong to Hanern, thiou §t wilt puzzlo tho leginlativo wincacree st Spring. flold to tell to whom it does belong, . Of course the law never intended that the Stato should mnko a®profit for revenue pur- poses of grain-inspection, and the fees were fixed ot n rate which it way supposed would about cover the expenses of the office, The receipts of .grain were so much henvier, lowever, than had Dbeen oxpected, that the fees nccumulated o surplus. But it is also a matter of course that the law nover intended that the Inspector should scoop into his own pocket any surplus that might accidentally accumulate. It will only bo prudent in the State to keep this surplus to cover any deflciency that thero may Lo in tho future when tho receipts from fees moy pos- sibly foll short of the oxpenses of the oftice. If that emergency shall never ocenr, there is nothing to provent the Stato from turning over this surplus to the school-fand or any of the Stato charitios. Tho Zranseript’s idea is simply sbsurd. THE WORK OF THE LEGISLATURE., The Illinois Legislaturo docs not formally adjourn till Thursday of this weel, but its work is conclnded. Many members are going away to their homes, and it is not likely that any more bills of importance will bo passed. In looking back over what this Legisinture hos done nnd failed to do, since it assembled early in January, wo find that it might have done much more and much botter work ; but, in contemplation of the narrow escapes that have been mado from ill-timed and pornicious legislation proposed, wo must also, conecludo that matters might have ‘been considerably worse. . One *branch of the Legisleturo has made itself conspicu- ously obnoxidus by the disgraceful squabbles that havo characterized - itsw proccedings sinco the opening, and it may be" fairly charged with a waste of time and the inel.’ dental wasto of the people's money. All this is mainly duo to the election of an undigni- fied, tyrannienl, and selfish man to the Spenker's chair, whose indifferonce to the wants of the State contributed even more to the confusion which has provailed than his perversity in ndministering pnrlinmentary procecdings. The Twenty-ninth General As- sombly of this State, 28 regards the House, will altvays bo cited as a mob, whose condunct is to bo avoided in the future; but, regarding it in that charncter, whero city shoulder- litters and brawny Grangers met, we may congratulate tho peopla that the consequences aro not moro serions. Most of the billa that have pnssed both Touses aro mensures of some merit, though many of them do not go as far as the public neod demnnded. ‘This is particularly true of the omendoient to the Revenue law, though the oxomptions from capital-stock tazntion which havo been mado "will earry with -them other intorests that were mennt to be excluded {from tho benefita of the bill. *Two tax-bills Tave been passod—one for cities and one for the general levy—which are ealculated to facil- itate tho collection of future taxes and provent professionnl tax-fightors from avading their just proportionof tha public expenditures, 'The interest bill, passed early in the session, was important and valuable in correcting the in. torprotution of tho existing statute, so-that all eapital, foreign as well as home, -may logally earn 10 per cont interest. whenever tha demnnd fixes that rate. Of:a charncter akin to thisin libernlity was the bill onabling forolgn corporations to acquire real estate sold under mortgage, and hold it for five years, Theso mensures are in the direction of encouraging foreign capital to come into the Stato, justend of driving it out by op- pressive logislation, which waa tho “first- ten. dency of the Legilature, The Genernl In- corporation nct will bo a measuro of grent benefit to Chicago, if finally ratified Ly tho people, and will prove to he so to otlier citics of the BState as they become large cenough to suffer from the * ring” leglslation of one Municipal Couneil, , Mesuwhile the wodified Mayor's bill, which gives the Mayor the power of appointing and removing, by and with the consent of the Council, all city officers not clected by tho people, and which also authorizes the Alayor to veto any item of an Appropriation bill, will afford some check against incompotent officinls and reckless tegislation fu all tho cities in tho State. Tho Ltnilroad ‘Fickot Scalpors’ bill wo are inclined to regard as a blunder ; .the Legislature might have provided proper penalties for the abuses incident to the practico knownas *scalpiug” without prohibiting all commercin! {ransac- tions in railroad tickets outside of regular sgents. 'Wo have an idea that this law will be’ declared unconsiitutional, Among the minor bills passed wers: One authorizing towna and cities to levy taxes to redeem bdnds which had been issued in favor of railronds prior to tho constitulional probibi. tion; one permitting women to become No. tavies Public, and exercise the functions of the office; one providing for an incresse of the Cook Cotnty Judges, and another for an increasd of the Cook County Justices; and a bill authorizing cities to create & firemen's and policemen's reliof fund, These, with the usunl sppropriation billy, an sppropriation of 800,000 for the State-1louso wark, and $10,- 0C0 to the Centenuial, coustituta the great bulk of, the legistation actually accomplished, . Amoug tho logislation which ought to have pasaed, but which was defaated by narrow. THE CHICAGC TRIBUNE: TUESDAY APRIL 13, 1876. minded and short-sighted sectional prejudice, was the appropriation of 270,000 to completa this year the Copperns Creekgdock and dnm, which, whon finisked, will add G0 miles of first-class atenmbont navigation to the Illinoia River. Another bill of importance which failed undor the special opposition of inter. osted parties was Mr. Boaue's Banking bill, In this matter tho Legislaturo has cpenly dis. regarded the plain requirement of the Con- stitution relative to Statobanks, as well as tho interests of tho public. On the other hand, there wero many measures introduced whose failure is n boon to the peoploe. The most striking of these wns the proposition to re- peal the Registry act, which, if it had suc ceeded, would have eatablished a carnival of fraud in popular clections in Chieago and all other largo cities. Another notable and wal- uablo failure was the proposition to exclude from Tllinois the insurance compnnies of any State that exclude a peculiar Illinois life-insurance company, of which Spenker ILA1NES i3 8aid to be tho nttorney, Tho fail- uro of the Stock-Yards bill will create disap. pointment among tho Grangers, but it is very questionable whether the bill was constitu. tional, and in any caso it would probably have done more harm than good. Hoveral bills, just in themselves, but construed to favor the railroads, are lost without doubt, The investigations with which this * Re- form" Legislaturo started out have amounnted to nothing. All the good it has accomplished in the way of legislation hins been forced from it; oll tho evil it has failed todo hns been repressed under close and vigilant criti- cism. Yet, if it had preserved ordinary de- corum, the sum of its proceedings would not liave Laen so bad; as it is, it adjourns leaving behind a recollection cf unparallcled scencs of confusion, disorder, snd violenco, and o mephitic reputntion liko that of a monngerie. THE MASSACHUSETTS TAX REPORT, ‘We are glnd to see that tho North Ameri- can Reriew criticises sharply the disappoint- ing report of the Tnx-Commission of Mnssa. chusetts,—n report which wns looked for engerly, but for which we have yot to hear one word of commendation, It is nmnzing that Prof. SreLye could have nided in pre- paring such stuff, and it is perhnps charitable to suppose that he was too busy in running for Congress and lecturing at Amherst to at- tend to this mmtter. His two colleagues, Thowas Hiuts, o Boston functionary, and Jayzs M. Banen, o Pittsfleld Inwyer and politician, are unknown outside their State,— doservedly, we should say, in view of this specimen of their abilities, Tho good part of tho report consists of papers put into an appendix, and not writ- ten by tho Commissioners, “80 mmnch of the document,” says the North American, *ns contains tho expression of the Commis. sioners’ own views mnay bo taken s the em- bodiment of all that is mean, potty, and short-sighted in tho administration of tax- laws.,” They recommend the continunnco of all the abuses for which they were- directed to find ways and means -of correction; they suggest nothing new ; -they Iny down no sen- sible principles of ‘taxation ; and they are re- sponsible for o bit of special pleading which looks like rank dishonesty. This lnst point desorves 5 word of explanation. The Con- stitution of Massachusotts contains this pas- sage: . lfim 10hile the public chatges of Government, or any part thereof, shall be arseased on polls and estates in -the manner that has hitherto besn practiced, in order that suck masecsments wmay bo made with squality, there aball be a valuation of estates within the Com- monwealth taken anew once in overy ten yoars at leaat, . - . . The Commissioners quote this passage, omitting ‘ everything from “while” to “practiced,” . giving no sign of any omis. sion, and thus making the Constitution re- quira a periodical valnation of estates for tax- ntion. They then. interpret ‘‘estates” to mean both real and personal property, and they then draw from a strained interpretation of o misquotoed clause the ‘¢ monstrous deduc- .tion" that the Legislaturo of Mnssachusotts cannotoxempt porsonal propertyfrom taxation, When the constitutional provision is quoted in its entirety it moans just one thing,—that #8 long as tho present system of taxation pre- vaila assessments shall be madoin a cortain way, but the system may bo changed at any time, If the Commissioners deliberately sup- prossed the omitted clanso and wero aware of its meaning, thoy were dishonest. If not, thoy were incompetont. In either ovent, their work is without valuo. The reader in search of what taxation onght not to be shiould read the Commissioners' skotch of what it ought to be. When he has waded through that, he will find in the appendixseveral good papers,—notnbly those.by President Error on taxing the' property of religious, charit- able, and educational- institutions, and by Prof. Pranx on oxtra-territorial taxation. ' THE OUP THAT CHEERS, + ' The use of tea has beon called o measure of civilization, but ns- everything ¢lse, from iron to 'petroleum, has had the same thing #aid of it, the complimont has not the weight it might truthifully have, as far as Chinn's frogrant plant is conéerned. . Tho great use of tea in the . British Isles has had much to do in checking intemperance there. The cup ‘that cheers drives‘away, the cup that inebri- ates. It is to:women what tobmeco is to men,—a mild and soothing stimulant, when used in moderation, .but o norve-destroyer when used in excess. An Eastern doctor started n crusade not long sgo,'the object of which was to persuade the gentler sex to sub- atitute beer and alo for tea. All sorts of healfhful “results wero to flow from the change, but, as the chiof crusader was n woman, the agitation was only fickle nnd mo- mentary, Ten is ono of’ the best possible objects of taxation, for a tax too smull to en. courago smuggling, or to be felt by the indi- vidual consumer, will yicld & heavy'return, almost all of which jsnet. The English tax has been successively reduced from 1,25 Hown to 12} cents a pound, and the yearly roveuuo from it is between fifteen and twenty million dollars, The Protectionists have cut off this sourco of revenue in Amerles, be- cause the Government got all the tax, ‘Tho British Isles aro the great tea-market of the civilized world, unless we consider Ruesin and Clhina ay civilized. England, Scotland, and Ireland consume 150,000,000 pounds of the tea.leaf every yoar. This is uoarly threo tines our nnnual consumptlon, In 1860 the per capits consumption in the British Isles was 2,67 s, In 1873 it bad risento 4,11 . At last accounts, it was Ligher still and the returns from the country were not all in, either, Jomy Buiy, speaking through the London ZTimes, hns grown indig- nant over tho statement that Russia gets the best teas. He says he can afford to poy higher pricea than anybody else, and he ouglt to have the choicost brauds. An ardont correspond. enco ias been going on in the London Z'%mes, from which it sppears that the dealers make Ligher profits on tho lower grades, and therefore will not import the bost, It has always been uudamigad hitherto, however, that the superior flavor of the Rursian tens is due, not ouly to their real excellenco and con- soquently higl cost, but to the fact that that excellence has not been impaired by a long sen voyage, ‘The leaves for Russin aro bronght by caravans ncross Asin, An ap- parent confirination of this is given by the fea-trade in San Franciceo. {Tho wealthy Chineso merchants of that city import the finest ten for their own uso or forretail at ex- travagant prices, but connoissents say that it is inforior ta tho sama brand drunk on Rus- sion soll, Snlt alr is injurious to the finest flavor. English nabohs would probably be willing to pay the cost of bringing tea overland from China to Ostend. The London Times snys thero is no limit to the price the wealthy classes would pay for n really first-class or- tiele. The short voyage across the Oliannel would searcely do much barm, so that En- gland may yot vie with Russin, if tho Times' hint is taken. Wa must continuoe to be satis. fled with leaves which the ocenn has robbed of their cholcest fragrance, Howaver, the Hibernian method of cooking n rodden mass of leaves in lukowarm wator offectually does awny with any necossity of getting good stufl to start with, As long as we brow ten badly, we might ns well hnve bad tea, Wo must ruefully ndmit the continuing truth of Jony Raxporrn’s sncor : * Wailer, if thinis ten, bring mo coffee ; and if this is coffeo, bring mo ten.” A NEW EDUCATIONAL AGENCY, The intellectual development of Italy is woll illustrated by its contribution of a new and original method of extending the knowl- cdge of modern langunges. The plan, wlich hins been ndopted in all the principal cities of Italy, is.deseribod in n letter from Romo to the Nation, It is a sort of philological club known as the Circolo I'ilologico e Stenografico, It was started in Tarin, and has grown up from an associntion of seven or eight young men who joined together to take lossons in the English langungo in an ovening class, The nssociation proved to be so profitable that it was resolved to extend its benofits, A room was hired, and the purposoe of the Club announced. Tho movement immedintely at- tracted nttontion, and gained the favor of the municipal authorities who gave it quarters, Beforo tho ond of tho first yenr the Club hiad 412 members, and seven living lan. gunges were taught,—English, French, Ger- man, Spanish, Arabic, Hnngarinn, and modern Greek. This was in 1869, In the 'second year tho membership incrensed to 530, and two mora Ianguages—~Russian and Portuguese ~~wera sdded. But English, French, andGer. man are thosa chiofly taught. Tho progress has been rapid and uniform ever since, During the lnst yenr the incomo was $4,200, including o’donation of $200 from the mu. nicipal authorities and 850 from tho Chamber of Commerce. At tho closo of the year 1870 separato schools for women were established, which now have a membership of. soveral lmndred.” The Club-rooms’are given up to women exclusively during four hours of the afternoon, : It has: beon found that - the women make oven grenter progress than the mon, and the explauation is that they come fresh to their studics, while the.men como in tho evening tired out with their day's labors. Thers are now philological olubs at Turin, Milan, Florence, Genon, Loghorn, Rome, Ancona, Alessandrin and Pisa, They are somothing more than language-schools, Besides tho instruction given in the various modern Inngunges, thero are classes in com- parative philology and stenography. Tho societies nlso have something of the social- club natare. Tho loading reviews, magazines, nnd nowspapors of different languages and countries are kept on file. At the Florence Circolo, for instance, thero are seventy r.' viows and magnzines and thirty-threo nows. papers, Italinn and foroign. ; It is a custom to extend the courtesies of the olubs to traveling foreigners for thirty days each, so. that strangers _megt people who spenlc their own lgnguage, and the students have the - advantage .eof - speaking, - English with Englishmen and Americans,” French with Frenchmen, German with Gormans, and so on, The organization consists of ne- tivo members and _ordinary members, ‘The formor olect tha manngors or council, and control the affairg of the Society. The Iatter take no part in the manngement, but are en- titled to all tho advantnges of the Club by the payment of §1 amonth, For thissmall sum thoy may study any one or more of tho spok- en Innguages during nine months in the year, and have froo access to the reading.-rooms, Blerchiants, lawyers, students, clerks, army offl. com, civil enginoers, doctors, pricats, account. ants, and thirty other diferent professions, are included among tho members. English, Ger- mon, French, and Spanish are most largely studied,—sometinios English and sometimes German leading in the number of studenta,: The members include mon and women of all ages, from 15 to 0yenrs, The tenchers are tha Dest that enn be scoured, and thero is also a coursa of lectures delivered by the leading Professors of tho country. A number of freo places ‘ro generally set aside for those too peortopay, . = 4 ¥ % . Italy hos herein set an excellont example for imitation in this,country,. Our populs. tion ia'of n mucl'more cosmopolitan’ charac. ter than that of ‘Italy, and " the, Gormsn, Frencely, and Spanish can bo made more use- ful, rocially, and commorclally, by Americans than by Italians, The cost of such instruc. tion on the Italian plan might be somowhat larger bera than in Italy ; but it would- still bo insiguificant as comnpared to the cost of in- dividunl study of tho languages,: ITundrods would thén enter tpon these studies .who do not, think of "it mow., 'The.class-system wonld stimnlata emulation, and tho club featura would afford n socinl attraction, Wo think the Italisns aro wise,, howover, in making the malo and fomale schools separato; flirtation and scandal would be fatal to their reputation and usefulnesy, - Wa hopo to hear of the inavguration of this systom in some of our American’ cities. 1f proporly started, it would spread as'rapidly as the spolling. matches, and it would bo n more permanent and valuablo adjunct of popular oducation. The Hartford Courant, in printing Tar Trinune's statement of the amount paid Mr, ‘TownseNp for the ‘lruToN marital correspond- enco last summer,—a statement callod out by Mr. TownsenD's assertion that Tirtoy hod deprived him of his pay by presenting theso lotters to Tae Lninunk,—concludes as fol- lows: Now, it somabody will come out snd show how much TiLzox Limsolf was pald for the lattera the mystery will be sll over, except a8 {0 Low auybody could 50 gush over such s wman, Many other newspapers have contained in. Aimations of the same nature, In generalreply toall of them, we would say tuat Ar, TiLToN never received offe dollar from Tne Cutoaso TRIIUNE, oither diroctly or indirectly, for these letters, nor for any other of the advauce in. formation and documents relative to the Bzzoues scaudsl which ‘Trx Triavas printed lash sumsier, Moroover, My, Tuzest never asked for compensation nor hinted at it, and, ns wo baliove, never dreamed of it and would not liave taken it. — e fact, waging the same war upon the national achool syatem thera that the Catholio clergy As to tha nllegation of | of this country are making upon our public “ guah,” wa noed only sny that these - letters) | fehool systom. Thoy want to control the or copions extracts from them, ns well as | publio educational fund for sectarinn pur. other information first printed in Tne Tnros uNE nbont that time, wero reprinted in overy prominent nowspaper in the country; snd that Tne TainoNe was in - constank rocoipt of telegrama from many of 'the newspapora throughout the couniry, including rome in Now York City, asking it to shara with them tho news which it waa colleeting. + ,, . A QUESTION OF BUGAR. ' The London Zimea relater a curions cnse, France, by Inying prohibitory taxes on for- oign sugars for a sorica of yoars, succeoded in giving an abnormal growth to the manu. facture of beet-root sugar within its bérdors.! An undue amount of cnpital and Inbor were' diverted to this ono industry, and the supply; wns soon far in oxcess of the demnnd, : Hav- ing done ono foolish thing, French financiers’ did another. They offeredd an export bounty, on sugar! 'Thus thoy fimst Iaid heavy taxes on the whole peoplo m order to “get sugar produced inside tho country. Then they offered heavy bonnties, to bo raised by* tnxn- tion, in order togot the surplus out of the country. 'This Iattor plece of folly still pre. vails. If a Fronchmon exporta, $100 worth' of refined " sngar, Lo gets a present of (sny) $10 from tho National Trons. ury. IHo can therofors afford . to soll his goods for £90. Tho result of this is that the TFrench sugar-refiners ave undersolling the English in the markets of Bngland. Tho British rofiners lhiave ap- penled to their Government to levy an import 1ax on those sugars equal to the French ex. port bounty, so that thoy may meot their rivals on equal terms, They appanl to polit- ico.cconomists for support,—a proof, by the way, of the power that knowledge of the higher sort is boginning to oxert in politics. The economists, howover, give not support but opposition, It is plain that however much the English refinera sulfor from tho French bounty,—and their case is undeninbly o hard one,—the English people gain by it. In faet, French pensants are taxed in ordor that English peoplo may buy sugar cheaper than tho market prico, The exporter, whom wo, just used as an illustration, sends £100 worth of sugar to England and sells it for $90 because his Government mado up tho differenco. So the $10 really, went to tho Engtish buyer, or was saved to him, which nmounts to the same thing. As long 8s France taxes her peoplo and hands tho net yield of this certain tax over to the English people, Englandis not very apt toro- talinte in order to prevent it. . 3 The frightful pictiare painted by the Brit- ish pugar-refiners of the evils of getting sugar too cheap does not seem to appall tho averngo Briton. In fact, he rather likes'it, ‘T'his argument .is_on a par with that of. our own Protectionists, They shrink from the thought of tho.awful results of our buying' goods for hinlf of what wo pay now. It fol- lows, of course, thatif we got things for, noth. ing,—~if other nations toiled and slaved in order that we have' our ‘material* wants, antisfled without, cost, labor, or trouble, aud might dovote’ ourselves to intellectunl joys and tasks,—then univorsal misery and bank. ruptoy would result! This reductio ad ab- surdum is sufficient answer to English sugar- rofiners, nnd why not also to Protectionists ? The former deserve sympathy in their fight ngainst a Government which taxes millions of people in order to allow their rivals to sell sugar below the cost of production’; but, if Franco porsists in its sbsurd course, the best thing for them to do is to use their eapital +| and the labor it employs in producing the commodities which are Lo be exchanged for French sugar. Mleanwhile, they will not per- sunde their countrymen to levy duties on sugar by telling them they are really buying it too cheap, and ought to stop such mou-’ strous conduct forthwit] * 'NATIONAYL 8CHOOLS IN IRELAND, ~ Tho national schools of Great Britain wero ostablished about forty years ago. The system includod Ircland ng well as England and Scot- Iand, and since’ 1837 .tho’ gradts of public money for educational purposes have been junder tho administration of, the National Commissioners of Ireland.. The system: has not made as much progress in Ireland as in England, because the Irish people have' not contributed to the educational fund in the samo proportion as tho people of England. While the appropriation of the General Gov- ernment to tho support ‘of the national schools in Ireland has been larger in propor- R tion than that for England, the Irish people, in consequenco of poverty, havo dona loss for thomsolves. The rosult has Leen poor pay for teachors, and correspondingly ~poor teachers. Tho ayernge salaries of teachors in England h,.flld, in Scotland £103, and in Ireland only £43, whichis less than 85 a woek, Nolwithstauding this "notable disadvantago, and the attitudo of the Catholio clergy to thoso schools, the system has had great influ. onco on pppular education. The report. of the Commissioners for 1873 shows that thore ‘waro then .7,050 schools in operation, with an enrolled attendance of 1,010,148 pupils, .Of these, 804,922, or four-fifths, were Cnth. olics; nbout half of these)had exclusive. ly Catholioc teachers,: and.the other half iwere under ‘teachers partly , Catholic and partly Protestont.- Theso’ national schools aro distinot and soparate from the parochial schools, managed by the Christian Brothers, so thnt four-fitths of the number of pupils may be sald to reprosent the proportionate inorenso in edueation and {ntelligence in Ire- 1and since the establishwent of - the national schools, . Travelers in Ireland who bave had ‘an opportunity to note- comparative evi- dences of popular intelligence at_an interval of gaveral years,’also bear testimony’ to the incrense nnd spread of primary education, and’ thogroater genoral interost in educa. tional mattors, © . 3 ‘I'his educational growth is the direct vosult of the national system, and has been attained in spite of the opposition that system has en- countered from the Catholieclergy. Had the systom enjoyed the approval of the clergy sud the co-operationof the people, tho results would have been infinitely more satisfactory, and Dr, LyoN Pravrats could not have made tho statement ho did in Parliament recently, that from Y0 to 40 per cont of the population of tho Catholic counties cannot road and write, that only 45 per cont of the children of schiool age are envolled, and only one-third of this number in aversgo attendance, . In 1862 the Oatholic Bishops of Ireland openly de- clarod against the systom, and began to un. dermine it by forbidding the local school committees to employ tho graduates of the Normal Schools for teachers. As a conse- quence, but & small proportion of the teachers are vregularly trained, and a largo proportion of the schools, have passed under the control of seatarian teachers, whose qualifications are more dogmatio than educational, The clergy of Irelaud me, in pokos. . Having oscaped the hardships inci- dent o oue Govarnment religion, thoy desire to'place (hemarlves under the yoke of an- othor. * Their presont efforts are in the diree- tion of establishing tho Catholio Church in Irelnnd to fill. the vacanay ocoasioned by the disestablishmont of tha English Church, ‘Tho sorious disadvantages. likely to result from the undermining ‘of the non-sectarian nationsl schools in Ireland aro obvious onough in & genoral way, Tho succoss of the Church in this particular will cheek the prog- ross of primary education and the spread of information among the people. But there aro'spocinl disadvantnges in the case of the Irish people. The concessions they have re. ceived from the British Government havo ne- compsnied the intellectus! development and educational ‘progress of the Irish people, and it-would’ not- bo difiicult to fraco & dircct connection botween them, Within tho Inst fow years, when the results of tho nationnl sichiool system have become apparent, Ireland has hiad- the advantago of the Tenant nct, whereby tenants aro ontitled to tho improve. ments they make, or compensation therefor, [ at tho expiration of their lesso. Still onrlier, tho act for the sala of jncumbered estates en- abled thousands of Irishmen-to acquire Iand ' of their own. " Thero hes boen an extonsion of tho franchise, nnd also tho disestablishe ' mont of tho Anglican Church in Ireland, - Mennwhilo it is nugcited that four-Bfths of tho money exponded on the national school system in Irelnnd is appropriated from the Im. perinl budget, ThusGreat Britainasa wholo is contributing first to the sprend of education in Ireland, and then contributes now privi- leges and opportunities suited to n more ad- vanced condition of popular intelligence. In viow of these faots, it is strauge that tho peo- plo of Ireland. will permit tho clergy to dic- tato, tho practical overthrow of an educational systom that has dona so much for the ad. vancemont of their country in intolligonco and liberty. TAXATION, v Clippings from Hontesgwien, " [0ARLES Dr. BEcoxNDaT, Diron de MONTESQUIRY (born 1689, died 1;65), ia beat known to posterlty by bis great work entitled 4 L'Esprit des Lofe.” It has served aa n storehonne of learning for the statesnien of cvery country, * My business {s not to make peaplo read,” tho attbior says, #but to maks them think,” To make poople think, then, we quote from Hook XIIT,, on ‘faxation, some auggestivo passages, It will be no- tced that MoNTEsQUIXD 8 & warm advocatoof indiroct taxation,} V' The'public rovenucs aro s portion that ench subject gives of his property, in order to securo, or enjoy, the remainder, . 1 To fix those rovenues in a proper manner, re- gard_ should.bo had both to tho necesaitian of tho S:ate’ and to tliose of the subjsct. The roal wants of .the ydople onght nover to give way to tho imaginary wants of tho Btate. p . The publio rovennes should not bo moasured by the peopla's abilitios to give, but by whet thoy ought to giva. ‘4« Whon the {uhabitants of Stato are all free subjects, and each man onjoys his proparty with a8 much right ae the Prince his sovereiguty, tnxes may then bo lald either on persous, on land, on morchandise, on two of these, or on all together, . ' In the taxing of lands it {s customary to make lista or registers, in which tho different classes 1 of cetates aro’ ranged, But’ it is very, diffioult to lmow these differonces, and still more so to find poopls that are not: intoreated in mistaking thom. Hore, tharsfore, aro -twosorts of Injus~ tice, that of the man and that of the thing. If somo subjeots do not pay enough, the mis- chief is not so great; their conveniouco and ease turn always to the public advantage; if " somo private peoplo pay too much, tholr ruin ro- dounda to tha publio dotrimont. If the Govorn- ment proportlors its fortuno to that of individ- uals, the osse and convenienoy of ths lattor will soon make ite fortunenge, Tho wholo dopends upon a oritlcal moment. Bhall the State begin with impoverishing tho subjects to enrich itsalf, or had it better wait to be enriched by its sub- Jecta? Which shall 1t chooso—to begin, “or to ond, with opulonco ? - 2 " - Tho"duties’ felt" least by the people are thoss on merchandiso, beckuse they aro not domanded from them in form. They mav ba 8o pradently managed that the peoplo thomaelves shall hardly know they pay thom. * For this purposo, it la of the utmost cohsequence that tho person who gelln the merchandive’ should pay the duty, ITe I8 very nenstble) that he dacs not pay it for him- gelf; and tho consumer, who pays it in the main, confounda 1t with the prica. - Bome authiors have observed ithat. Nero. had abolished the duty of tho five-and-twentieth part arising fcom tho sala of slaves;and yet ho had only ordsined thal it should be paid by the setlor tuatead of tho pur- chasor, - This regulation, which lefc ths impost entire, seemod nevertheleas to suppross it. There aro two - Btatea in Europs whers the brower alono pays tho duty, in tho othor it is levied iodiscriminately upon ail tho consumora, In tho first, snobody- foels the rigor of the {m- poet; in the second, it is looked upon na & griev- aoco, « In the former, tho mnbject is seusible ‘only of the liberty hie has of pot psyiog; in tho Iatter, he feels only the nocossity that compels Mmtopay., . . . - 1 In order to maxe the purchasor confound the price of the commodity with the impost, there must bs some proportion between the impost sud tho'valus of the comxodity, It in & ganersl rule that taxes may be hoavier in proportion.to the libarty of the subject, i Inmoderato governments, there ie an jndem- nity for the wolght of : the"taxzes, which in lib- orty, - In deapotio countries, there is an equiva- lent for Liberty, which is the lightness of the taxes, i A ! Tho natural tax of modorate goveruments is the duty laid on metchandive, As this is really paid by the cousumer, though advanced by tho morchant, it is a‘lden which the latter has al- ready mada to the former. ' Hence the morchant must be cousidered, on the one aide, as tho gen- eral dobtor of the Btate, and, on the othor, a8 the creditor of every individual. Ho advancesto tho Btate the duty, which the consumer will at gome time or other refund;. aud he has pald for the consumer, the duty which ho hes adyauced for tho' merchandiss. In England, s merchant really lends to tho Government £80 or £00 for every tun of wine ho jmports. | It in no loujrer customary with us to give the appellation of s gresc minister to s wise dis- peuser of the public rovenucs, but to & porson of dexterity and cunuing,’ who s clever st finding out what wo call tho ways and means. It is no unusual! thicg to sce Governments mortgage tholr funds, even in time of poace, and ta employ what they call extracidinary mesas to ruln themeslves,—means s0 oxtraordinary, in. deed, that such are hardly thought on by the most extravagaut young spendthrift, A well-regulated Governmont ought to met aside, for the frat artwlo of its czpense, a de- terminate sum (o suswer coutingent cases, It 1s with the publio ss with icdividuals, who are sulned when thoy lveup exzactly to thelr fn. como, —_——— Gov. Tiuoxx has received fitting .enoourage ment and suppors in his attack upon tha Canal Ring from the poople of Rochester. That aity, v is wall koown, {a the headquartera of tho Riog, It s the place of publication of the only newspapor in the Htate which defends the Ring, and it is the native vlace of Mr, Janvie Lomp, the most consplcuous Ring-contractor, There, it anywhers in the Btate, we shiould expect to #nd publle sympathy forthe casal-men, The 2486 4has 18 Lo o8 40 be found there s most sesse imposts are vory heavy on lauors ; in one the euring and gratifyiog, A publicmaetiag was | sl Baturdsy wight to oxpresa confidance iu Go,, TiLuey, atil promiss him support, The nllum,]: snco was large, and quite irrospective of Darty, Reaolution s woro adopted in arroemant witly u..' apirit of th o call, cloalng as foljowa: \yq ga,, dor to Gov , TiLDEX tho heariyand cordinl thauky of this moating for thoimportant work ha pay 0 well begury, and ptedge to him our united Wup. Port till £ eyatom of atealiog, 80 Jually cop, demnoad, ¥ e broken up," e The {lo 0. Rowranp HAzasp, Indepeudent cay didato for* Governor of Ithodo Ialand, has pub. lished a- card in which Le naes the tolloning laneuago : * 1 Ttral 7 spprehend thin movement, it is ol aimy 5 petsonsl content, uor 18 8 1o I regaid.d from o por, sonul stau Jpoint. ' On (e contrary, it Ia the tudigisg; protentof tha communily agaiust the uss of ity m,. chinery fo r incre personal oiide, sgainat the try.yer fraud, and . briliery af the professioual politiclany, coj £abls ofticos of thy S oo F¢ mlt WhiGh Svary it SR i e ot ean contel uplata with satlafaction, R + HAzAR: > was candidate bofore the nnpnbum Conventt on for tho rogular nomination ; g, fatling tos get It, ho orgauized & bolt, The cqp, saquencisof lus action is the thiowing of gy, olection for Govornor and Lioutonant-Gavargy intothe Logtslaturo, and tho probable choles ¢ Lirpirr, the regalar Republican candidate, M thoro wias no indopaudent opposition to the g, publica 1 candidates, sxcopt thoso for Qovernyy sud Lis.utonant-Governor, and as the Loglalay, will Bes.t tho rogular nomivoos, It is diflicult i f00 whiore *the indignaut protest of [ coma ulky” comes in, PERBONAL, - BruatiT Rongox is to atar io BRET HART's nyy play. 1a this why the charactor he will asnzy i Starbotile? A sister of FaxNy Davesronr ia & new Amey. can pritna donns, nnd bas playod Violelz |y “ La Tr:aviata™ at Tarin, Now York olopemont: * Doar Pat I am goiny to Baltimoro wiln Wrtwis. Farowell Axxy' Wirrtz was 16 and ANNIE was 14 Mr. Ruswaten. a Goorgia editor, Ia saig b an oxcha.nge to be running fo tho ** last ditep? He must bave como down considorably lately, The Frinceas Mantk, wife of tho Cotot of Flandera, hasason. Wonder if ho will evtey tho dlsesnso which troubled ** our army fn Fly dara,” Tho Cincinnati tan-yard in which that dreadts) eremation murder was perpotrated is bauatelby & ghoat who throws his calciued skull s} i truders. . Congre:ssman Housk, of Tennesses, lost th prizo fn s Nashvils spolting-match on “kar. p-o-t.” Icshowod that his uppar story vasua. furnisherl. Alr, J. O, MoMorury, Gonoral Buporintended of thie Chicago & Alton Railroad, Laes gose i Now York with his family, Hewill reum i about twid wesks, ; A Wanhington correspondent describos the Tlon, Braxox B, CIITIENDEN &8 *a Conuectieat. boru Yaukeo, throe-fifths iciolo aud two-filths tropical sunshine,” Bwinponxe bas nbandoned the Amorons m tame coniparod with soma (to him) Wesiea literatuns, and haa sobored down to ** Tho Prog. ress of Hnarapeane’s Stylo,” Clargy mon should avoid any connectlon wilh tho ruling mania. Mirron observas that “Ny nightly trance or breathod *mpell® inspires (b palo-syod priest from the prophatic coll,” Alrs. Evizanern OApy SraNTOoN statad agalo, at Logansport, the other day, that, knowly what ahe did about Beeenrr, she would be nu. prisod {f ho assertod his funocenco auder oath, + Mrs.' Poparns, the courageous Englishwonmn who has tmen ruling tho London cabmen, bn onriched tho langunge with a new vorb~t podger, . which siznifios to act like Mrs. Povstt with all that it tmplies. What aro Lucca aud Nizssoy and tho otherfex eign pritao donne going to do about it 2 By thelt exorbitant demauds they have kilted tho Amerd. ean gooso which Iald their golden ogge saf nobody. will taks them. A young. California farmer, still unmared, writes tobia old friondatn Ouios ** Theararepli. tyof glrls bore, but thoy ain’t wath h—l-room fcr » workiog man, Al they think of i fizedrert and running with other mon.” Tho St Louls Republican condomna the worl **versiclo " of courss. The man who stolo Vi aiu's paragraphs without giving credit mourne! his line * Hos ego vorsionlos focl, tulit ali boootes," o tha samo wlcked epirit. In s moment of onthusinsm BanN ahoutel to bis congratulatiug Bridgoport friends: M7 frionds, this {6 o proud moment for me, sull feol a8 if ovory ouo of you desorved a separsiy czgo.” As before remarked, biz1e biz. A Catholic pricst in Troy, N, Y., eits in ss» loon of that city all day, mud the numbor of e , who drop in just to seo tho timo or fnquls whore Bauri lives betokons the prassing noel of a public timoplece aud a revisod diretory. Trench draggists aro down on ML Loomit who saya thoy soll for 35 cents & medicioe et costs thom a-ceot and a half, Their fudigoaticn {s based on the fact that tho medicine cou? them 8 cants, and thelr profits aro only 800 pit cent. [ JuLiax TAWTHORNE says of & imeensobautt plpos It s liko woman's Liesrt—ns soft,si 1ight, as brittle, and za enigmatic, and oply tim and use ocan prove it true” And, vl woman's heart, its adorers prefar the colored variety. * : The oldest practicing Iswyor In the world & tho Hon, EuezsT Hrnamo, of New York, whos now 98 yoars of ags. Ho was admitted to 1t Darin 1708, and was & Judge of tho Marict Oourt when NaroreoN BoNapanrx was msld ' Emperor. Omanzrs 0'Coson studied law Wi him, v . Le Journal des Elrangers, of Parin, mangtnn‘ the following Chicago poople in Parlst L:ul‘- Banxzs, W, A. Bonp and wife, L. G, Fianxs &0 wite, 0. D, Hawex, P, J. Hroows, I. P, Bt 1a0D, B, B. Howgxs, Jaakg Loxo, Xavisn L. 018 MarTIN Ryzrsot aud family, Mise Ceand oty and B. A. D, Vor.x, " r. GanoiNgs, of the Acadomy of Muslo, I8 I: have o bonoflt at which a number of “m‘:l managers will play. T, W, Davit. mMADSRET I the Momphis Thestre, will play I)ol%flmfl’l; Ly one act of **Londou Aesurance”; W. ll.a( i manager of the Indisuspolis Academy of ,':'“ will play the fourth act of *licletieu. o Mraoit, of Buffalo, Jomy ErraLen, of (‘llwl core flflou MiLxs, of Cincinonti, aro also expec! 0, : S FOTEL ARRIVALS. 5 Tramont Mouse—T, 8, Osvoy, Whseling § O, LIl medieu, Now York; Thomas 'Nickerson, Hoaldni.c T, Tuttls, Now York ; W. E. Lyon, New v, i, Wartieh, Now Havene 1, O, Lyous, Keokuk} & ateon, Philadelplln s J, , Whitney, Dac a1 fp Enaworth, Toledo ' 3, White,' Baflalos, Oyyg Eltinger, 'Olevoland; G Wo Cuseey Lafayelis Werthsimer, New York: W, @, Ewiug, g.m Stherman Tlouse—John 0. Rothy albzuy & I $C8ica; biam, Manohsator, Englacd; AL 8, iloldiag, LWGHS Dudley I, Herioy, Mipnesota; Dr. A de G Howon; 8, W. fm, - Fitsvirgs O G tp gmmné B :nxmfu,’ o "}fl'fin i e o, Ban Frapolsco; J. B " Puirbanke, O, D lig, Now Yo b7 Sey. Dololt; B Hoyle, Gatveston T, I3, Satley, Dulolt; D, vell, ‘vnmmgmu‘ ey 05, Muu}a, New viks L% Iszke, ViFgiu Daizy, §i8 obu £, Roberts, Loulsvillo.. .ar..nuflgfiv{l L Graves, Dubiique ; Martin Coiiius, 8t. Lo Mooreliead, Now York; O, C. Cole, Cisvelan 2 G, Yobectudu, A, B, Lict, Grand Wapides Jucho Kaily, Bonduiky ; 8, Appletois, Boatonj Be S ppop Pulladelp T, ticed Jolipis A. O ok, OB} W, W, Hos Yorks Rev, icorwe W. Bapl o U A3 A, U, Bus nslng; Jar ' WreOuAls oton, Qelpliag’ J. B, Treat, Wisconsisis J. Eo M50 s Jand A Cochraute, Complon i iy N e e Yirict M. Guney Alsbuuna: B i;u’,:,i Oinclunitl 3, B. Dodge, New Yorks O 0 b, Briugteld . Fulmer, House— Do We 8 gird oo “’““;\\f“h'“%:fu; B L’- > H, Thed, orks Wo ‘Chalheinter, m",}.,'f.‘lnm‘ [ e i omow?e; O ii.'ll: Boyd, o el Dubuque ; J. Spelugheld W, tescld W. Tehiney, Boaton 0, Bweet, St. Josep! v limore; A, rroaz0, NO S Bn]llnlfddi W, T, Major, ey 1600, 8.0 ¥rauol § de W nmé H, “Lawia, Leusvile) f =1 14