Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 27, 1875, Page 2

McCARTY. Prof. Clarke Makes Cerlain Allegations Concerning the Bureau of Mines, Ils Connection with MoCarty and the |: Bastrop Company, The Officers of the Bureau Reply to the Statements. What the Colonel Had to Do with the Bureau ‘Ag time rolla on and discoveries accumutato, It becomes the toro avident that when Chicago 8o- cloty was fist honored by the prososca of tha gallant Co}. McCarty, it ind unsittiogly struck a perfect “bonanza” of plansibility, impudenco, and raecality, which events were to develop ure prisingly, Tho putvlication in Tor Trrnoxe of Buuday last, in rogurd to the connection of tho Colonol with the Bastrop Coal Company fraud: hag beon tho meanu of clicitfing further informa- tion sa to the extont of hia operations in this city, which Incidentally throws an instructive side-light npou tho meltods by which amindlors promote their schemos. In tho pub! cation refered Loan account was given of the manner in which McCarty aud a coufederate by tho namo of Dr. Georgo Collettso, who, like tho Colovel, professed to half from Texas, endeny- cred to place tho stock of a ssindlo known se the Great Bastrop Coal Company " upon tho London market. The areicle, upzt information received ix goad faith, gave cradit to the Amari+ can Buvean of aispes for exposing the swiudlo, and demolishing tho plaus of ite projostora. ‘This drew out TUE FOLLOWING COMMUNICATION t ta preient your tord= nrcauo, Feb, era with data roepectiug tus recent atteinpt to snindio Bnglfsh capitaliets tare rellzblo than thova 1a your Is. ext guy bE tho Zot, und less ercitl that wonderftl institution at No, 70 Dearborn w'rost, ‘For thres montha from. the eariy part of July, 1874, Dr, Collettsy acu tha frew uve of lhe gencral ofiecw ond the inner panctuin of the Buzeat, the apparently wu- reatricted cerera ty, bud wan of, tho gate, letterhead, ond engraved cuvei.ea of the Buran, sud in conntc nt attoudauce upen hin was Col, McCarty. At theay uf- fivea Col, S{cCarly was jatroduced to the aubseriher aa President of the Mureau, and as atch suroreed (ho Bastrop enterprise, ‘Tho subectiver, an Enxlisknmy, waa thus tuduced to ‘erent the Company iu Londou us Beeretary, open nefeilations for a tranafer to au Logiish compeny, usu bis intloence in forniing on Lo- ‘lish Dourd of Diracta-r, etc, Tleft Now York curly aud in Noveniber waa joined in London Provident, of the Bastrop Company, 2d hy delay iu coming to Luudon by suecsosary to havo his Ute deeds roperly amttenticated ¢ and ho dusts tor valuation, miveu by ju Septembei uz Dr. Collet ‘tho Doctor ¢ fhe ploa that { and othor documents handed mea revertaa tha Ammerican Buroxe of Mines, No, 70 Dearborn etreot, rald Varks justifying a valuation of over £3,060.- 00. ‘This dociimens was slqued by Col,’ Bc. Carty, Prealdont cf the Duroau, ‘Tne Colonel's sigua- fate ‘waa vituessed by & Mr, Chose, a Notary Pub- lic, 0 Direclor oy ‘ex-Dircctor cf the Mureau, nuit holding o desk in tuo Burenu'a office, ‘Tho ecal of the ures woe affixed to this dacitment, and the Vice Conaulate neat of Greas Hirits{u teellfed to Mtr, Chaso’s being worthy of cred:t and consideration, ‘Tho subscriber had vaspicions, but they wore qui- tied Uy ths forraldabts elucument, ant in good faith ha introduced the Dector to frends likely to advanco the interests of the oiterprice, aud i a fow days, had tho entorprice been maytbing buts fraud, a coinpany on o stock bsals of £1.000,00) would hava been flouted, Proliminary expenses bad to be mot to the tune of £8,600 to £10,040. The Doctor bad uo means; ha claimed to havoa draft on the Baresu for $100,000, and trict {0 negotiate it, Fron inquiries’ set on foot through Seot‘and Yard, Londen end Mnker- ton's, Chicago, the avcacriber and his frlends conclnd- od that it was 's ma ulficent fraud, and the foraier determined to spend nts Chrintinas day at homo, Ho sent in his realgactioa fron: Quounatown without ax- signing toaeous for Aunt stop, In recrosaiug tho Ate lantic tte Lad tho Intenso satisfaction of knowlug that up to tho 10th of Docembor not a toau in London had Deen swindled out of one cent by tie Uastrop Coal Company of Texas, ‘Tho $40,000 of tock coupled with ‘Mr. Bevsemer's natos is moobsbine, and purely on in~ Yention of the Burw u, ‘Tho plows horror of the Stock Exchange is the dveam of ono who knows uo more wbout the Loniton Stock Exchange than ¢-yearold child, ‘Tho Chfesgo capitalist referred to a a man of straw, ‘Tho Prostdent aud Secrutary of the Nurean last Thureday, Fob. 10, oxprassod to me their surprico at having no communications on tho subject from thelr London agent, Mr. E, W, Payne, and determined to at once notily hin, The publis can eliniinate from these dats the re spective virtues of unwinding Doctor and the fofty wilasion of a Mininy¢ Burecu, the fatter having fur the editor of its Journal Col, McCarty, Manayiug Director, Jato Vico-Preaidont(t), Inte chirograpbical imitator at the oxpeune of tho Hareau (vido iaat Sunday's Tn ‘UNe), and, we ins: infer, thun qualied_ for access to tho Hureai'a safe nud tho seal of tho Company, and aso of its offices by himeelf aud felluw-swindler, Noto, further, the azqviaita stmpliliy uf « Director giving ‘uty notarial acaf to a forged documenton lila Company, T tuny further cald that the Doctor claims to havo a controlling futercst in tho Bureau, end in London ex. hitiue its cort{ficcted, paid-up wlock to a very largo amount, Ithink Ihisve sliown that the Iurenu is either p sourvo of wetness to the mining interoata, or olsen fraud, Should the Uarcau of Minus at No, 7 Deurborn etrect to the great apostle of mining in tegrity it profcencs, hero faa muguificent oppurtunity to win roputation aud fame, Thereby placu inywotf at thety nervico, and undertuke to usa my best endeavors fo mako Dr, Collottag aut Gol, 3tocarty ameucble to Euguleh Jusize, jwortded the Bureau wlll pay muy, ex Ppeutes, and I will furthur uuderinke (0 cbargo nothing for my thine, Very respectfully yours, Prov, J, WW. CLANEE, Lata Socretary to the Dastrop Coal Company of Tezas, EXPLANATION OF THE NUNEAU, ‘The statemonts roferred tou tho above com- munication wero contained in‘Toz Tarsus are ticle of Suuday last, upon information recoived from tho Buroasu, Aroporter of ‘Tum ‘Turuse rey visited the offico of the Bureau, and uid tho subject before its ofticars, who aro followa: Bresidont, W. T. Richmoad; Vici President, A. Harehberger; and Secrotary, 0. 33, King, the latior being the oxocutlyo ofiicor. Mr, Ki rat remarked that, although Tue,Tarnoss article had been written upow information fur- nishod by Lim, the writer had fallen into some wmull inaccurucics, Vor iuetance, it was made to appear ‘that (Col, McCarty went to England with. Dr, Collettwo, which was not the cuse, an ho ro- matnad in Chicago foro considerable lonath of time afterwards, and the Burean lad had no Knasrloage of hia whereabouts sinoo he left the elty. ‘Tho reporter then took up tho allegations con- tained In Prof, Clarko's letter, wheropon tho fol- lowing conversation onsuod t gtisborter— Wes it true, as Prof, Clarko states, ie COL, M'canTY ‘was Introduced to hiza at tho oftico of tho Barean as ite President? Mr. King—We dia not know Clarkontall, 1 recollect that thoro waa wuch a run who camo in hore pratty often during last Auguat and Bep- teraber, but he cousorted ontiely with SlcCarty and Collotino, ie never bad» waril to way to the rovponsiolo nien of tho Buroan, nor did bo ever make any inquiry to discover whethar thoso wen were of the right stamp or uot, Heporter—Did the Burean aver mako the re- crt contahuing the valuation of tho Bastrop. foal Company's lands, which wan ehown in Lon don by Colletiso accurdiny to tia wtatomeut of Prot, Clarke's ? Mr, King—Thbe Burean RNOWS NOTHING OY ANT ever RyroRT, Ag to ite boing signed by sleCussy as wrenidont of tho Bureau, tt is autlicisus to state that do- Carty was not tho Providevt.of the Bureau, aud never wag, Such o report, if there way suy, must have boen s fraudulent documert. Reporter—’rof. Olarke atuten that tho Golvaol’s siznature on the docttiuent fas wit wowded by Mr, Chase, s Director of the Burewu. Mr, King—bMr. Chose 16 a Director of tho Bureau, avd is ciszo g Notaty Public, I presame ho coriitied tu tho Reocineness of the kignature in bis ca: acity aso Notary, but I ebould think tho designation of Prestuent aud the woulof the Burein inuot have bean subsequently aflxed, Reporter—Wuat abons the statement that the English ateel manuinctuser, ‘BXBELMKH, waa nearly caught in buy nvindle ? Mr. King—TI can prove by ct leant alx witnesees that Claiko eald iu thin olfios that Bessemer liad agreed to make a stock subscription of $50,000, and would have mado peyment bad nor the wwindle been exposed, Tho Chicagp capitaliat whom Clarke ways Ie 8 roan of utraw ja one of the emal inaccurecies that Tue ‘{nipone report contained. lu furnishiag tho information to Tus ‘Iuinuxe reporter, I woant wimply to way thuta resident uf Ciicago waa 10 London at the timo ju conueriion wisn tho uchene, and was curprined to tind out thut {twas a amudle. I bad roferenca to Sly, Clarke bim- self. Reparter—Prof, Clarke, in bls communication, implies that tho DISCOYEMY OF THE TRUE CHARACTER OY TUN ENTS UYHISIE wae due to inquiries svt ou fovt by himaclf, and ihe Kureau av late s5 Thurhday of last weolt had had no communication fron itu Loudon agenton the oct. hing—We notlfed Payue, our London agont, almost romedistely atwr the wsuling of Oollettso, We obtalued tuformuation from foras abowmng thst Collettuo was aaiodler wie should aug aps Save boen fu the Poulteutlary, thas the Baatrop Coal Company wasa myth, and that he had ret ® fovt of Jaud intha State. I wrote threo or four letiora to onr London agent, Ar, EW, Payne, posting him thoruuhly on the subject, and directing him to advertise tho rrindie to the Leudon Stock Doards, havo reason to bollove that Clarke derived hig information on the subject from tins Doren ron camo In hero few daysafter Callezteo liad lett, nnd wo posted him coresrning neeharacter of tho man and his ontorpr Doubtless he wrote to his tather fi London, and gayo him the information, We should have writinn to him ouracives, but we did not know hin addrees, Rerorter—Yor will notice that, throughout his letter, Prof, Clarke mates {t the gravasuon of his charges that ovory facility waa fuushed by tho Barean to MeUarty and Cailettse, no that io waa made theageuoy by which to promote their fraud- wient schemes, Aro the various atatements he mates tu regard to tho FREE ACCESS ALLOWED To w/CANTY Ly tho Bureau corrous? Mr, King—MeCarty certainly, mado himaclf vory {reo hers, Indeed, ho was the original pro- jector, and avalstod tn the organization ef tho Bureau. Ho was Vice-l'rerident for tho frat yoar, 20) ho aesnmed tho title of Mauaging Die Taecor, altgough there was really no saci adice, Ho haa lind no often! connection wilh the Hu- rou tor over tne yerra. slo used to Keop his papera In tho safo, rud had froo access to It nntit last July, when I was clectad Heeretary. 1 then ehiwnged tho cotapination, and closed him on: Roporter—Prof, Clarke elses that Collettno élaimad in London to have a controhing interest iv (he Bureau, aud that be cxh:bited a certifleato of pai utock to a very lige amatnt. dr, King—Collettua néver had p cent worth of interest in, tho . Any certiticna of steck fie may dispiar iv forged, 'Ehere hay bees fn blani: coriifeato tien finm the book, aud tha muy nave been used for the forg Reportoer—How about Prot. go abroud and INATITETE LEGAL PROCRSBINGS ngninzt the yaindlera i (a Durewu will pay bis € rie'a oficr ta .Ung—That Jo a yory liberal offer. As according to las own eecount, did not do- frotid the English people out of 2 ccut, how aro tney to Le mado smenablo to Justica? Af Ciarko waute a freo passage acruce tho Atlentic, he vill not get it from us. If no sould desira to send vomo one ncroze, We should not setecs him. IT Prof, Clarke wishes to toake nn isano on this ca-e, lot hin go nlcad and te will bo shown up. Reortor—When did MeCarty'’s connoel with the Bureau torminaie? Me. Kine—We diaai-nod him from tho office a8 soon as Collettgonasited, and as so.n au we bed decovered the Maud in wien the too sere en paged. He remzined around town for wome time nfler, and did not get atvay unc! bo bad mare riod. In conversation with tho Vice-Prosidout, Mr. A, Harahbergor, the royorter obtained HOME ADDITIONAL INFORMATION, showing the pinuaible eddrc#s aud eubliie qual- ity of impudence which chnractcrized the yal- lant Colonel. It seems that,when McCarty en- ganed tu tho formation of tho Barean ho did not preeont any crodentisls, but worked bia way nlong by “jav" and check, He nrofeeued to have great pooeersions in ‘Toxas, and was always going to takea Inrga smouut of stuck. Alshough ho was Vico-Presiaont for » year, oud held that ponttion by consent for @ loug tino after, and until Mr Larshberges waa olected, whieh was Aug. 24, 1874, he nuver putup a dol- Inr. It was not until Due, 6, 1874, that a meot- ing of the Diroctora won held, at which tho Dt- reotoratip held by W. 0. McCarty was tnani- moualy declared vacant. Durity tho sirst year ho was allowed a certain amonut of utcel: in con- sideration of is norvices, He kept his papows in the safe of tho Bureau, and woutin and out whenever bo choas. Last eummor ho iptre- duced Collettso to tho ofliecrs of the Baron, who recoived the etatomonts in regard to the Brastrop Coal Company in good faith, aud tho tirat thiug that mado thom aware of tho traa character of the concern wos a private letter from Tess, which was shown to then. ‘The reporter also had s conversation with UMN, J, J. CHASE, ttho is s Director of the Bureun, and who, in his capacity of Notary Public, certitled to McCarty's Higuature to Lhe fraudalont report on tho value of the Baatrop Coal Company's landa. Nr. Chane stat- od that both Collettao and AfeCarty bad dezik-100m2 in tho oltice, although thoy had pald their rent in stock cf tho Bastrop Coal Company, Ho had cortified to McCarty's signature in his notarial capacity, and without any suspicion as to the ebaracicr of tho aocnment. ‘Lue reporter waa algo infurtacd in the corso of the interview that, while conuected with the Buroau, McCarty had SET UP A JOURNAL, qwhich ho conducted on so large asncste that tho expanse conded thom to dixcontinua it after two numbers had been iesucd. From anoxamiuation of copious furnished the reporter, it appeard tase tho gallant,Culonot to hia maoy graces of mind aod person added editorial ability of no con- tompuble kind. Tho Journal of the American Bureau of Mines ts a magazine of avout quarto sizo, and with thirty odd pagey to tho uumbe.. It is bound in thick’ green glazed paper covers, an:l printed upon fing tinted paper; its tatter, meko-up, and typographical appearanco rotlect great credit “upon the tauta of tho Colons). Its two numbers boardato respoctive- ly, August and Soptember, 1873, In various conspicuous places the announcement is mado thot it ia edited by W. C, McCarty, and in tho prospectus of tho Gurogu hia nama ts displayed in heary, blacit tyne ag Managing Director," to whom tho pudfio aro invited to nddreea ali com muniowtions, In this prospectus, in which the iino Roman hand of the Colonel ix plainly dix- cernidle, itis zanouuced ax ono of tho opjecia of tho Buroau: ‘To organizo a system whereby wwe cou, with tho assintance of capitalists aud tao publir in geuoral, auppreys operations in bogua tnivlng properly and mining stocks." ‘to this en] it ts announced that a Department of Iufor- Tation bas been established, tho terms of mom- bership to which are $10 per auoum. “ho Colonol aleo states in o fino editorial in tho September nvnber, on the subject of “Speculative aud Logitimata Mining,” that A certificate from this Buroan is eqaivalent to the certitivate of o bauk cterk—it is guaranteed by tholr capital.” ‘Lhe Colonel's high catimato of tho vulus of tho certiticatey of tha Murcau caste a tino light upon his generowty iu present- iug Lin felond Dr, Collottso with ono of thom, ‘Like Josoph Burfaco 1m the ‘School for Scandal the Colonel is evidently @ ':uun of sentinont,” which makos it more tho ply tha’ eo handsome aman aud wo clegapt a writer Khould be xo biz a ravoal that evens Bureau of Miulng could not ueeay sud dod him out. ——— HESING ON SCKURZ, To the Editor of The Chisago Tribune: Srniaricny, lob, 25.—My attention was this morning called to an account of « conversation betwoon Mr. A. O. Hosing and a roportor of tho Bt. Louis Globe, copled in ‘Lun Taipunt from tho Glove of Fob, 22, Iwas present at the tie terviow rofurred to, and desire to say thas Mr, Uosing'a remarka rolating to Senator Schurz are incorrectly atated, Mr, Mosing ahi vot says Well, Ttell you what I tuink, Titou't tak so very maued of Behurz eller au a Journaliet ur politiciau, pnd at pressat bo sone entirely to retnaiu {a tha back- broand, FE dow’t aupposs ha will esperiuuce ony great stuunt of voourrectiott Just now, but, after the next Presidential cleztion, 1 ballove lw will Gecide upun ula future couric, whetler to schieve distinction ev o politiclau, ur sutaida entirely, ut said, in substance, that be nndoretood that Schurz would writea political bitory of tho United States, to which Jabor ho was better sulted than editing a daily newepaper; and, in reintion to tbe Houater’a future polttical course, ho uaid, in substance, that Sehure would likely roinsin quict for tho present; that the Demo- cratic aud Oppoaltion partioa wero ou trials that, if thoy kethd wiacly gud with docenoy, Sehurs would hkely sot wit thom in tho noxt Previ- dential aledtiou, 3, Agntzen, ee ‘The Weather on Mount Washington. Boston Journut, ‘Tho recent oxperiuncey of the United States Signa obsesvers on Mount Wasbiugtoa have uatwally Loon quite severe, Tho past nix weeks havo been thu cofdeut on record for the Bunio space of time In tho yearapast. Tho mean tem- perature for tho month cf Jannary was minus deg, In Jovuaty, 1874, tue incan temperature wee 11,7 above zoiu. ‘Lhe menu of tho higiuct and lowest tempersturo test taonth was minus 8.5 deg, ‘The bighcut temporaturo was 20 dog,, and tholowost unuus 40 deg, The moximun yeloclty of tho .wind iecordod was 1d miles per hour, but a wind-storm which o0- curred on the (tu and 18th ute. reached a far grester volouty, the breaking of the snomoter uvfortunstely provouting a det- initerecord, Thiu month, up to the 16th inst., tho mean temperaturo has boon above zere oul: thiewdays, ‘The aiean temperature for tho £f- teen caye was minus 6.0 deg, Tho wind has reached a heavy storn and hurricans yelocity all the tizae oxcept oa threa or four days. Clonds have coverod the summit nearly tho whole me, Ou the 10h tho attwoaphere was very clear, aud tho ocean was vinible for a vast expaugs, even below Mouut Desert Island, Asuistunt Obsorver Frod De Kosher mada w dangorouy auceut of the mouutain on the 14th ingt, When ho reached the suronnt the wiud was blowluy at the rate of seventy oles an hour, aud the toaiccracure way u2deg. below zero, Win eas wore frow-ulttau, THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, IOWA. Gold Inside of Chickens a Bank. Swindling Death from Abbortfon---Tibitcal Thieves eDiscovery of Petreleun. Specitt torrcapendence of The Chiraoo Tribune, Drs Mores, In., Feb, 21—A Lorton County farmer, named Anico Itogors, of Redmon, killed, achickon a few days ago, and was surprised lo dnd, in tka mastivating apparatus, a nuggot of gold weighing 12 grains. A fow days aflor, © nelghbor killed o ciicxen, and in ite stomach was found similar, though smaller, specimen of the valuable motal, ‘Tne upacimons. wore tested by fowolera, aud pronounced pure guid. Since thon, a general alauchter is going on among tho ponltry. Dut tho queation ta, Where did the chickens find tho gold ? ASUNEWD SWINDLEM About to weekn since, 2 nan napplicd to the Fist National onk os Mt, Plearant for the loan of $1,000, with good sovurity,—roproaeating himerlf us a stock-Jealor from Loulea County. To gave the name of W. Grubb, and = offered = tho ~—snames of B.& W.Willioma ss eccurity. He was informed that ft would bo necessary to have tho security wign the note in tho presence of thu Cavhier, but waa Siunily permiited to ding a Mr. Mitty, known to the Cashier, co sftitm tho slyguitig of the note. Soon afcar, Cvubh, with Mitty, apyeared av tho bank, whea Graubb preaented n note tor &4,020, which Mitts said bo saw tho Williameos eign ag sceuhy, ‘Cho money was paid to Grubb and bo departed. Et waa afterward proved thut tha note the Williamees wigned was fur vlc only, aud tun: Grubb had forged tho one paid by the bank. ADORTION AND DEATH, About two verra ago, Mies Sda Varkor, daugh: ter of 4in Parker, at Booue, wes married to ono D. E, Dassford. ‘The marrlago proved a bed ous, ant a reparation ensued, Tho yifo re- turned to her paronta, whero she has ince ro- Hed. Amonti ago Barsford sought his wifo, onda reconeiintion was bad, alshough neainet tho protest of hor parents. Prognancy fol- lowed, and, belug coniident thas the reconcill- ation wauld no’ bo Jasting, sho determivad to ket rid of hee burdea; aud, on Thursday Tavt, the committed the criine of abortion upon Lor- folf, from the ofects of whuch who died on Lri+ day. Latoro bor death, she inade confession to n femmaie attendant that she did the uct herself, andthat her husband furnlebed the medicine uud instruments, ATIOUS THEY, A few weoks ago, ona A, G. Carson was or- rested iu Mahigon County, who wan vigorously pouting Biles which hohiadatolen, Tt appoars n box of Bibles atrived at Grinnell, consigned to amen there. Carson forrod an ordor for tho deltvory of the Lox to him, and shippod it to ‘Winterset, Madisen Coanty, and at once set ont on lia pions fraud, Since thos, o brothor of bis, C. A. Carson, bna {turned up in conuection with the fraud. It ap- qoary that C, A, Camon forged s mortpage’ on a form of Samael Widener, stoac Victor, os secunity for the Bibles, siguing the name of ©, C. Birdetto, The Ibics were bought of C, A. Lrowning, Toledo, O., and yaluod at @2,900, Jt is suppuved that C. A, Careou is connacted with tho forged telegram nnd ordar by which his brother got tho Bibles at Grinnell. fo haa Hod the country, but oficcra ara cluso on his heele, ond tho prospects ato that both thasa Vibtical frauda vil havo op- poriunily to read thelr stolen Bibles inside tho walla of tho eniteatiary. #THUGK ILD. About a year ago, considerable oxcitoment was caused in this section by tho sannouncoment of tho dissovery of an oll.woll at Saylorvillo, 8 milegnorth of tho city. Az. MeQuiston, whlto digging a well af tho foot of @ high bluff, and on the margin of a stream, wae surpiizad ty see his auger diop suddenly sovernl foot, sud, on with drawing it, 9 ctioam of oily water followad, and then a fot of nauscous gex, Gling the oir with {testonol. A lighted paper was opplied to the mouth of the well, when tha gas-Jet ignited, and throv up & steudy, brilliant jot of flame $80 fect, which continued to burn for several — hours, — until it waa checked by throwing dirt Into tho well. SnLuoqueutly tho well filled with water, und, after eoveral unsuccessful altcwpts to slot o drill, without tho vroper itcaus aud tools, the thing, wae al.andoued, ¢ A phort titna ayo Prof, W. P. Tox, » geologist, mado s thorougn examination of tho yicio~ Sty of tho well, and comes to tlio cou- clusion that there exints thero an oll-basinG miles in length end 4 miles in width, Ho fiuda tho ofl eand-rock af Pownsylvania, lo finds petroloum at various pain in soute of {ts inclp- lont forme, a8 found in tho oll-regions of Penn sylvania. Ifo flndy tho aame cavity existing bo- tow the surfaco as fey encounter in the oll- welts in Ponusylvauis, Ho roopened tho Me- Quiston well, and, at che donth of 40 fect, reached a cavity Milled with gay, which corre- kponded wita that in tho wolls in Ponnsylyauis, Lo fa decidedly of the opinion that oil in paying quantitios can be found In thia oasin by digging Geop enough below tho surfaco. Hawnere. a A GODLESS LEGISLATOR. Expulston of n Membor of the North Carolinn Legisiature Who Wenicd tho Orthodox luew of Goud. Naceron, N. O., Feb, 25.—Lho Houeo of Rop- rerontatlvee, by a voto of 45 to 31, oxnelled J. William Thorns, member from Warren County, for expresulng his nou-beliat in the oxlatonae of a God.—aAssoclaled Presa Dispatch, ‘Tho Raleigh News of tho 23d inst. gives tho following hiatory and report of tho cave up to the day Lorore the formal vote of expulsion ; THE THORNE EXPULSION CA3E. Mr. Moring, from tho Select Committes to tnveatl- gate the right of J. Wiliam Thorne, tho member froin Warewn, tos neat on thiv oor, aubmitted his report of documentary evidunco, ‘Tha tirat avidonco ogaluat Mr, Thorno was iu the shapo of « pamphlet, {veued by Thorne, defandiug in- fidelity, anu denouncing tho Curietina religion, char- actorized by Mr, Putton a3 the moat infamous produc tion he everbeard, Aftey which wae read the evi- dence of ecveral parties u Warren County, to tha ef- fect that they had known him for many years, and never heard hin dony tho oxiutencr of a God; thit be waa metnber of Progteecive Iriends, aud s director in saidehurch, Tus syidence of Thorny lilmaelf was Bortresl, He admitted that Ao beleved in a Sv= nreme Leing, and the God af tho Dible in part, out not ail of tt, Mr, Boring then staled that the Cummitteo were ‘unablo ta gree, aud thereforu aibmitted thy report to tho House, asking to be discharged frou furthor wer- View on the Cowutnittce, Mr Guilges moved that the report of the Committee ‘be reeeived, ‘Me, Vatton desired to kuow tf that would rotiove ‘Thore trom the chargea sgaiost him; if je would rove it, 20 hu thought tha author of welvewar ag the one read Inv the Clerk should two summarily expelled from this body, und if no en . o would, bo would offer ® resolution to that effect, ‘Mr. Gndger asf be did nob mean, af course, to relluve hit, but to Lring tho matier before the Touro. Uugher, colored, offered a reaniution with a preame ‘Die, elatiuy that as ‘fhorne had tesued an infamous clreular, denying the axfetenco of Almighty God, and otherwise blaspueming the Christian religion, tat be at onve ba expellod frum the Louro, Rte, Noymient moved that the matter bo portroned tI Tuesday noxt, nnd made the spectul ordor for that Ns “Wrewiagton, colored, indorsed the views of Hughes, Mr, McIver, after denouncing in fitting termus the character of thu infnous yamiphlet, favored tmme- dinte action, Musay, MeRae, Pinger, Btaple, sud Bpeara each favored postyouement, in order to givu the defendant a fale wud fmparctal tris, White they wore jrapured tovuts for erpvistou itbo denied the God of the Bute, or any part of th yot sometbiny might turn up in bie favor, Mesara, Walkor, of Richmond, aud Moring, slao of- forod reculutions of expulsion, after which tle whole mstter waa postponed till Tueaduy next, ‘The day before “the voto on tho expulsion of Mr. 'fhorne for nos bolieving all of tha Jiible, tho News—a Dittorly partisan Democratic papor —' fired thohoarts " of tho Demooraticmombera for on ozerciso of toloranco to freedom of bo- Nef in tho following styto: J. WILLIAM THORNE of wlucatlon, sian Who kas cut binaseif a! ull reeogntzed avityionu keilef, a Reputlica aud a reproecutative of the colored peuple of County, oui imo ia December Last, ove of tho auiulere of the Hi in tha General Ascenibly fron thy Cownsy dled, cnd the vacancy occasioned Ly his death waa Gilvd by the election of J, Wilnam Thorne, white Hi ypulcen,Urou taking Ia svat a4 a meraber of th Hours, Thorue declines to be qnalided in the ordinary way by tho oath akon upon the Dibio, and was wuts fered to do vo Ly uppeal or atitrmatiua, ‘Somelinio after taking his west, o reavlution wus fu- troduced into the Mouws tuquiriug lute the right of the usw memLor to a evat tu that body, aud the Come from ities: Warren W, 0, Williams, colored, fue of Representattves of Warten, iaittes on Privileges aud Liections waa izetructed to fivendeate y a report, Early Inst weuk the sepor: FEBRUARY 27, 1875. --TWELVE PAGES. substantiation of tho grounds of investigation upon | watch the charzos were Zoundnd, ‘The principal, wa belisra the roto evidence adiduoail, waa a paniplilot, publitho-t some ycare pluce by Thorie, aud adniitied by himedf to he bis own production, ‘This yom fller ‘wus addressed to one Joseph Barker, an Engiiah minister, at ove time adoubter, but who: ad had hin judgment finally and folly convinced 93 tothe trutha of “tho Christian faith, aud with whora Thorne lind invited pubity controversy, ‘Tho chal- Jengo waa itecilued, and, not to tet the world fore the senate ‘of hin opinions, they wero given to thy world in n form, Thwaa read $n tho full lenatt of ite terrible enormi- ties ton horror-aricken audience, Certalnly no rich on heard 1 this Stats by a peoe id Unsopalaticated fir their rar AW that wan puto Jn worals, ull that waa love’: lief, ell that was tender hy assoclation, all that was holy, nil that was sacred, all that was rove croneé, Wan held up to scorn aud contuniely, Tho amajeaty of tho Aluahty wer blaspuczned, the wisdom of His decrees degradcd, My yuu portrayed aa 5 cruel God, detgltiug in the cternat pordition uf tho wretch- od croatuccr Ho had thrast tipo existence, Ho was deaceibed ax a wicked God, glorying in tho compaulon. nilp of men mory than ordinarily seared with guilt 5 of ten whono lives wera stained with the blood of innocence, or whose nouls were polinted with sing of anctier kind, ‘Tha Baylor vras treated with as Hitt reverence, Tho lcligion tint Ho fnculeatea was childish, and unnulted tothe wanta cf mankind, Oa the contrary, 90 fur from being a rellglon of pea, ft by Chrietiana that {njusitce, rapuo, warfare, mumier propa anted, ‘Tho moat mural communithe in the United Htatew woro Freethinkess, ‘The mact carneat advocates afhurasn liverty wera dudidleié, Mar purer in thely Hives than Christians were tho followars of Meivaist, itienot nocevesry farther to iunirate the chur= acier of this ahowfuabie prod teonvincedl oF: ery ous who heard st, that, wh: : ut present, of fia time tb twin no God avch ca the Carichan'a Ged, such ae pin fa (he comUifathouul elauao ef dlaqu jeation, fc a cue at dats human astirs whh supersdiog sinters w a mersy. Tie on! eviaenco atldueed tn the dofensa was a cis~ vntur issued ta the peor: of Wasson Comnty mania two br three yeata auto, ht which there pes Fantewatiment.l {deus of a Bupresdo to Sho Iindog sid heathen verrer whitch ony routinontel rhapsudiat duce without hating a slagls rellziouy einotis Whh bis reiigious beler, takes i the Commitice nok thy Lowe Ut haa oniy te drequire if ihe acts fetenco of Cod,” Wo tuko it, that this plrrsao tn ye rotuetning more thin that vague files uf guert Firat Cause of (reat pelf-esistent Belng, whch tntultively preseale twuif ovento ths savegt. Even “the degls Keltevs and trenitte.” ‘Tho preambio to tho Bill of Lights uckaowlolyea a cependence upon Almighty God forthe bicesiugs woeujoy. Tile inuat mean God who directa hiimen vents, who Toves, and who cicatees, ‘This isthe Carietian’s God, and Oils fs tho God invant tu tive considsutional dlsqualitestion, We lve nodesira ty projudge tue accused. Tho ¢289 Must stand or fall on its own ments, Lus wo want somethtag more to counteract the Impreeslons by this horcbie bissphomy of ‘horue’s pan thin a mero cenerad daimtaten of the extaten-3 of i Sup.cme dt Ths msuisiou of tke Curt Tan's Goi Giciuden love and charity. tow {ku Livdiag farce of ost! aud obligatia: verde icdividuats und towards goverunients, and this da why the Couvituition regulates tie tiatter, Cho bce liel metely ma qreat Firat Cotese leaves uttuan nature to act out ite own perady und nntrustworthinea, Aud this fw the question tha Moueo lias to decide to- day, whather te aceueed belisvea in tho Vor of the Shibley or the Pinlozapher's God of Natura, Th PARSL AND GARDEN. What fuire Avo Bor-Agricuiturat kiorseeKrotueDive Isasiness Siorse— lua nnd Ronds—PigePork vie "y Iozv—Americou Pomotogical yeEarly Wututoes—izules as ‘2 s0 Prepared for The Cricaco Tribune, WITAT Fame ARE ron, There aro a good many individuals who havo no idea that cur yoarly Agricultural Fairs are intonded for auy other pitt pose than to amuse by inere eight-seelug. ‘Tucse porous attend fora day, or maybe two, nad epoud tio principal part of thelr titno in raping about the tanta whoro fat women, animal mouctrositics, leurned pigs, target-alloys, ball-rollixg, itinerant soap-mea, alc, ete, are bawling their throats hoarse, and worrying tho wevaibilities of proper-minded people. Wesuppose theno foatureo of somo of our Falra aro intonded to keop a cer- tain part of tho alr-going miuititudo in yood hunfor ond outof mischief, Avother class may bo found wacdoriug aimlessly, hither and thither, appsariug to hsyeno othoz inotivo than to keep moving. Others, agalu, ara jutor- eated in examining cattle, lorsoy, shecy, ewino, poultry, ete, Stultonother class nay thoir ce- pecial attention to machinery. Iarm aud herti- cultural products, art-cxiibitiony, natural bls- tory, and fino arte, aro iuturesting to overy clays of visitors, The Horticultural Hall, 20d thoso dovoted to fine arts, musical inetruments, toxtite tabrice, and houzclad machine, ave oapocially thronged Ly ladies, for'ffere may bo found thes sacking Monsuro and profit, gossip ond gratulations; and oven tho flnosso of faeblovable Mirtation may bo indulged, All claskes, howovor, flock cagorly to tho amphitheatre duriug tho exhibitions in the esttle and borso rlogs; aud, duriug the triais of epacd, every availablo poiut from which the eshibltton-riagu can be scon jy crowded with ladies and goutle~ men, cagorly Iutent upon oriticising the dull bovinos or flying coursers, AGRICULTURSL HOnsE-ThoTS, gay what wo may, aro always drawlog oardy 5 and, [f proporly conducted, aro og inpocont of harm as nismmoth pumplins, tall corn, or avy other of the extraordinary exhibitions that go to make up # wuccaesful Fair. But, saya some over-seneltivo individual, horse-racing {a immoral in itself, and domoral- izing to community, We cordinily agroo to thia propotition, if tho intontion ho for any other purposs than ila only legitimintoa one—that of testing tho wpeod and bottom, the muscle and wind, of the horso, ‘Thly noblost of oll antmals, if ho be not good to draw heavy load, or paws quickly over tong distanccs, harnessed to % vobicio, or under bia ridor, is good for very iittle, Thorefoie, draugit, gud tho power of ondurance at swift work, rust bo the truo test of valuo fn 9 horus, ‘Tho ditYerence between tho racing course, and tho trinle of speod at our Pairs, should thareforo bo, that while at tho race-conrio proper, swin- ding, gambling, aud other, vile practices, bave beou pormltted, until 1: aa degenerated into an arena of rasvality, to its utter discredit, at our Felrait may be toch possible and profitable to give tho blood-horss bia fegitimate place in tho breaa,—posvible to Bhow Lid powers of onduranco ino fair and logitimats tmauner; protiable to thowe who ednme this noble auimal, aud cu- pecially so to breeders, who wish to know tiie capabilities of particular outmals, Some atralyhit- Jaced individuals think it wrong to do moro than earefully lead a» horso soperly, solemnly, aud slowly, to tho disgust of the noble animal, the mortification of hia exhibitors, aud ths diasp- puintment of every one present, oxcept a lypors critical fow, who Would square the conduct of others by their owa uarrei tinea of vision. Tho horzo was made for speed, the mola for Jaber, tho ox for food, ‘Ihe only way to teut the value of the Gratiu by his wind and bottora ; the ec. ond, by hix power to draw boavy loads continu. onvly ; and, the Int, by (he proportion of goud Leof-poluts. It iatrue sny animal may bo tole erably judged by oxperts, from ita outward ap- puarango. Moraes, liuwover, oan lexy euuily bo Judged in this way than other animale, Wao oan- not sco their tuterval orguug, and there aro abies ivabliltivs nut apparent to tho eye or oucb. ‘tho (horoughbred borwe {s the typo of all that fa active, spoedy, or enduriug, in thin nubloat of the animal ereatlun, Bpoed xod cuduranco ura the moanio of value, in tho rucer, thu trattlug- hutee, tho roadster, tho uatdlohores, or the hoike of all work, Ali thoue havo more or leva uf thorough blood, Now, ot our airs, it fa not expected that groat speed cin be made,—it bs nat necesoury,—tho track are not wuitable for this; nud yet patefactory tuats may be modu, aud fair toailalike. Is thero ony reagon why it,’ should not bo dons under proper restrictions ¢ Every wan, women, aud child, likes to cco s lioruo tindor awift’ motion, ‘tbe wtirue of tho sutdleshome, ar the action of tho roadster or trottlog-vorse, must bo takeu into account in tho award of premluma; and tho condition of cuch animal compoting, at tho end of tho test, la an important luteyer, ‘Two horses of apparent oyun fevers may etait; ot the end, ova will bo pantiug, drooping, and div trywwed,—o mere weed; while tho other, sfior a fow long brostaz, will bo fresh, and ready and enyor for anothur trial, 1c¢is only in thin way that the Judges cau make a true and correct award, All thie innst be ssenmplshod without the dis- acoful exhibitions of the raco-couree, with its thing, pooling, aud other razcalities, Tho Bpecd-test must bo on exhibition of spood aud endurance, aud, proporly conducted, ty perfectly legitiiaate, and ono of the inost intoresting varts of (ho progratomo at our Fairs, ‘Nhe draft- horse Is @ diderout eutniel, and bred for ® vory diffazent purpore, ‘Lhe teil inust bo, of course, “prado to maot the necessitlew of the cara. THE BUSINESS HORSE, wince the gencral introduction of railroads, bas acuulrad nproainonce vover before held. A demand hey alio eprung up for geveral other clavecs hava moro or less specd vombined with onieenlar enduraves, but more capeually for roadstors, business horses, and horeen of all work. ‘Thin taut will yot become the torre of Mi work, when well-bred maros, from the Ver= choron-Norman stock, croasod to thorourh brads, shall bocomo plenty onoughs and alltheao classed tnt ons thelr npoed und ouduranen to thorough blood; thelr other goad qualiti«s to crossed necessary to produce thom. Our Malrs aroua legitimate atoms for (hove olagges a3 for any other claseen o! Wo Love boon [el to write this from roving in print, but privately clreulatod. a scurrilous aud utterly untruthful attack upon tio Ulinola Board of Agriculture tor ndinit- tiug trinls of mpcod os ono of thu texts of the Llood-lursc, We were proaont at tho dixcussion befuro the Board upon the question of trials of speed. All that tendad to deroralization wos closely ecaunod, ond as care- fully guarded against as human {igenuity could nuggenh. mblora, pooling-jockeys, mon with betttng-booke, witl bo aa carefully excluded og possibio, and, if found, will bo quiotly shown tho gates, at the Ottaws Fair next fall, and, wo hope, at every othor Fair in tho Wost whero speed and bottom oro toete,—fally as niich to as will thimblo-riggora or other low gambling: ‘swindlars, FAINS ARE NOT PROJECTED in tho {utoresl of any ono olngs. ‘They abould be tho exponette of the industries of o locality, & county, o State, or a no tion, “Thoso who visit them should be eduentod to auderatand that, while that season is tobe udolas agala-timo, tha clucf object in viow should Lo self-improvement and tha ace quisoment of correct knosledgo. Tere are tha bost tovia, implements, and machinety 3 timeroved tuck of ovecy kind ; tha Lost fruity of the field, forent, und garden; and the cet mou of tho varioas localities from which gather the indus- trtal poyntintions. Oar faire ava the grand othiyitions of tho in- dustry of a povple, ‘iuey nra nos yot getting out of date,—will’ not ba goon. ‘Shoy are oxerciving a stronger moral aud ivtallectunl power than ever bofore. Indeed, the Weat iy oly just bugiunius: to got walot up to the fact that aur yearly cxpoaltions aw great dodustrisl scnemes, whan alijent-len- uuns aro the means used towatds educadng the iInaeser, Bhatl wa not, in cach anc every Stato intho West, rosolvo tuat noxt fall wo will go to these galierings with an increased purposo of loarning soniething new, aud not for tosre sight socing ? Will wo nat nek warselvea, What cun I contribute individually to iuterost othera, and watemy State, covaty, or Lacal Pair an inerona- aueects # How eno t beat promote this wuc- ? Youcando much, Will you ? WALI AND ROADS, A corrospondont uely how ho may ouild ronda and watla nbout his ho:ge and barag. Roally, this is « pretty Lard question to an- awer. Wo don’t know jttut what material you lave to build with. If it bo gravel or rock, and you want the roid to bo not only hard and smooth, but without the usual ditebes of public ruada, all you Lavo to do fa to excavato a trench, nay 18 iuehos deop, loaving the bottom antfaco wlightly crowning. f tho soll bo wot, lay a luo ut tile along tho contro of the readway, beluw tho reach of front, with ouitable outlets at onch lew plave. Fill tho space for Lbo walks, or road, fron 6 to Dinchou deep with rock, broken. tor iho fret halt of tho given depth, to the mizo of 2 incl eubss ; the upper iuyor witn stone brolon ty about an juch or lees in size. MAKE THE WHOLE coztrAct a4 posnible, by raminiuy with n heavy rammer. Now spread about dinches of five gravel ovor tho whole, havin been cnroful to keep thy tock uurdaco slightly crammy, Work tho cuszear pore tions forward iv rating, to Al the irracutariues, if any ozlst. If the geavel bo dry, taake it muiet, —uot wet,—so thatit will compact in reliing. If the gravel lo water-worn, ov mavorls, i» little diy elny—not loam or other wsil—tmay be raed with tho gravel to mako tt bind, ‘Tho surface af all rondwaove should be slightly crownod In the contro, and this convexity whould be in proportion to tho nature of tha material used; the wofter tho material, the greater tho couvesity. ‘bo roadways mide a!ao Uo provided with outlets at the low placos, for conveying away the wator. A WALK CAN BE CHRAVLY MADE on light, welt-vainod sotly, by excavating to tho deptii of, say, 4 fuches, and tilling with gravel,— raiting the coarser portiotss to the bottom, ay bee for directed, thits laying tho fino niuterial on top. Bo, good driveways may bo mado culively of gravel, inatend of stono,—always remneuer- lug, if matorlal bo ecarco, that thu inferior rock or arevel should be put on tho bottom, A goad farm-road—ono ennily kohtin ropalr, and entirely wimple iu its construciiou—inay bo mado by grading tho road-bod euiliciont- ly crowning at any season when the lund fy dry, = hon thoroughly com pact it with ‘tho hurrow and roiler, a may be rendily kept in repair by making o V- shaped scrapor, nigel-vhod, and fittins: the con- vorily of tho road. ‘This will drag tho oarth to iho contro, aud thus the whole mny roadily Lo kopt freo of weada, Suche road will be » ‘fair ene during aight or ten months of the year, The davk surfaco and the grova vorges will con- trast harmoniously, ard tho whole eifact will bo pleusiny, if the curvou ure properly planted, aud, Atany timo, gravel or other matorial may bo added to itnprove the roadway. Farmorsa inust iirt yet money abend before thoy can afford to speud it in avy but tho mout necessary improvoments, Aw cupttul rccumu, later, [¢ cannot bo oxpended to better advantaza than tu tho sdornmoat of our homer and ther surroundiogs, — iu tho = =making, rmanage- mont, oud planting of walka and dives, ‘tho tucet our prairie suils wavt Is thorough Grelnage, to mako really fue ronda durmg the soason of ordinary travel, Aud, for light travel, thore would be but a short tLoasou, say juss whou tho frost ig leaving tho xround in tho spring, and, perhaps, just betwoon fall and winter, .. ¥IG-PONK vg, NEAVY Toas, Abont tio timo that whales becaue 80 seerce that thenupply of oil for light began to fail, tho mauufacturo of lard-oll beenine au iniportaut in- dustry. ‘Thon coal-oll began to comps:o, and in turu potroleum drova both out of tho market for Ulumfoating purposos. Bofore lard-oil became no finpertant product, tha principal pork-domand wou for modium-sized pigs, thut yrould ovarage 2C0 pouuda, Lnrd-oill made o market for heavy, Yat hogs. Tho packing do- munud buy Kopt tho markot protty lively for hoavy hogs wince, “fils will continuo to be tho cago #0 far us bervelod pork is conourned; but, for ba- oon, homa, shouldora, and especially for ship- ping East for cutting on butchers’ blocks thero,and torbutchors' use here, the modal packers uso woll- faltod pigsYto11 mouths old, shat will average 200 poundd cach, Such witlatwava bring absut 10 per cont moro thau the avorage beavy hog; ° no meon matter whon it ls considciod that, by thus foeding, oncu wintering may be avoided. Wo havea ucighbor, & coimmiuslou-meschant, who, Devidos bin bualoova talont, baw a taste for farming, and who cultivates tuia taste. Lo yaarly fattons from tou to fiftesn pigs, huying thomin tho summer, at abort 3 months olde slaughtering thom at about 10 months old, or when they wolgh about 200 pounda. Ho maken ie pays morattlatentiing ho has to buy most of foot. BMALL HAMS, AND BGEAKFAYTSNACON, iathor thin eldes, wath alternate stroais of fat aud lean, are wot are cupecialiy sought for in our cityemarkets, and bring largo prices, {ally 8 contd por pound moro than tho great, fab ue pound joints, Why? Poeoplo who can alford 16 profer young, julcy moat to old, tough joints, ‘Shere were about 6,009,000 hoy wlaughtered In Chicaye duslog tho season of 1874-'75, and yet thoro ia a scarolty of heme snd baron uuch ag young, well-futted pigs mao, Ayaln, why? ‘Poo avawer fa simples Wostorn farmons have gatinto the Lobit of thinking that 2 aud 3 yesr old hoge, wolghing 409 pounds and over, fra the ones that bring the wet money. They ule running too muck {utomummoth pork. Bare reted pork ly usod Ileus wnd loa, eseops to ford navies. and laborers in rogionudiltioult of accoay, A thiilty spring pig, wintorod onca, and kept un- til it welglis 400 pouuds, will cost doublo, aud 26 percent addod, what tho 200-pound porker will, That is, the two Pipa, butcherad whon thoy weigh 299 pounds each, will bring ntove money at less cost thau tho 4Ud-pauna hog, Take your clatey sud figuva for yousselses, ond, if you cau. not make it cde out eo, The Farm aud Gur dau” will givo the figures, Btook haga will prounuly bo scarce noxt full. Te wilt poy (bis spring to tako care of all early plgr, and forco thom to an early maturity noxs winter. To those who know how, this ramindor will bo allthat will be nacossary, If thore aro auy ‘Yurcusg readers who donot, The Fara and Gurden” will toll thea) if they will make the want known, THE AMERICAN POMOLOUIOAL SOCIETY, oaie woll known, will bold {ta next soasion in Obicago, ju tha autuinn. Last week, In speak ing of tho extremo wiuter, wo waid fe would ba hard on fruicemon. It will bo bard, for it will woriounly lossen, and iu iuauy Jocalitios entirely cut off, thoir uaurce of revenue, ‘Thoy, lke the anlinals of indifferent furmery, which oke ont tho winter on tho fut they hayostored upiu mim~ tier, must subst on tho surplus guined in former voars, ‘Lis ls one of tha reaaous why, Another Je, wuticipations bad beon inade by the fraternity tast it would bo possible to bring together the groatcut show of fruit-prodccts ever mado in the Weet. ‘Chiv it will now bo uiitioult ta doz but wo batioys n persevering light ageluet insect-onotios will ouablo uur yrutemon to show wt lease what they might have doug in a fair season, —Romambar, wo have (ue wuoie country to drain from, aud whut one region may tack another may supply. Lot oll, therefore, do then best, and, our word for {t, auch a show of tho fruits of tho orchard and gardou may noxt falt bo brough? cogertiar lit the Gardon City ns waa never betoro orhibited on thia Continent. VARLY PoTsTors ought to be rorth cullivating thinsenson, They will bring money, ‘Choy aro seaeo and heen in tha Went, ard reports say Inrgo yuantities have heen frozen in tho pita and cellars trom the severo winter. Almost overy farmer thinks ho enn rate poratoes carly; and yot very for succosd. Why? ‘To get potatoes early, thoy muab bo planted — cali; and hero” is whora — moat — enilivators, except really practicat gardoners, fail, Tho ground shold roatly have Laon prepared tnyt fall, so that tha crop might bo planted jit as noon og tho frost is out of tho ground aud tho all in gaod condition ta work. Potatoes gevnlnato slowly ut any seazon, and cupocinily su ontly iu theapring. Hawevor early thoy be planted, tf thoy aco covered wo daop that thoy witl wot freozo, thoy sprou: and malo root, but seldom appear nbove ground wntil danger of frost ia over. If thoy whould, carth them tp little bofore thoy conio through. ‘the plav which wo follow, nnd whieh alwaya has worked well, is to plant in firroven, if on light eoil, Fo that they may bo covarod thrue duchoy daep, ‘Then, with a — trorso-hoo, or hilling = machino, thow np smooth ridges over tho —_rowa, if awwaeda appear, pnt on adrag, and barrow tho avil with ont roterenco to the potatocs, and o¥ often ns woods uppcar. My the ting tho potatocy aro well apreanad, the ridges will have twen pretty well levelad,—fully cnotgh so for the evopy— nud it wilt oftou bo found unnecessary co WHO hog intho evop at wll, Lven tho planting aud harvesting niay be dono by unichinery, AD manure is used tn tho till, put it over tho potnteca furtha early erup, Lut, tur a lato cio: ulwava under, Tho reason is obyiowts: Dura. our stinmor-dronughts, Ui showers will seldom enel bulow Lie manure, be it whoro it tuny, So, for lata potatoes, the nv savuld alivayo be pread broadens’ and ploac. aero of potstues bs faily as ¢: uiey are planted, au an agro at ¢ planted very cariy, tho crop i a usher raised on tho furm, MCLFs AS FARM-TEAME, I:.was John Randolph, we Lalevo, who paid ho would gosimile to ies a shea, Porhapait wos because woul waa nob cotton. We havo known mien to goa Josa distance to bo kickod by amute, Woedon's blaine tho mulo. A min hes no business fooling aroord somebsdy’s oialo that has beon sbusad auiil it hay como to regard covery olpzd it ross, ptiny always chi aod other birds, 23 viadctive enesntos, miles have sume qualities in common with tain ton; thoy love their frionds and hate the! eneaiiesa, sud thoy—Lhe muled—genarnily gat thg better of thoit exemies suouor or later. "Tho fact is, mulen sro just ae you make them. Thoy wili do anything la ronson for tho master who trea them Liudiy, aud everything unreagunable they cat fo thoso’ who abugo thom, Av fara-tonina, anywhere pant of tho Latitude of 13, thoy will do moro work thau horses, and do it far easior for their driver. ‘They do not :equire so much cara; they sitbatat on teas food ; are ateaiicr at tho plow; nnd, 94 cultivators of the great staple of tho West, corn, require almoxt nu driving, when ouco they have lowried whet vou want. ‘Yheir only ronl disability £1 the North ig, that they are susceptible to extrema cold, aul aia pore inaneutly fujured thoreby, “Chia is eusily obvi- ated by giving thom warm obolter in the stable, ond clothing when siaudiug to tho wagon, ox- posed to the cold. Lut who over saw a tule wilting nnder tho heat of tho nun? Turn o horse ont ons hot sumner-day and ho will rack tho phade. mide bis liberty, aud, ton to ovo, ho will atretch ibnuolf ont on the souti sido of tho bara ait oufoy hiusolf hugely, Abitno them, aud they will kick, If they havo to walt ton years to gut the chance. ‘Treat thom hwoanely, and thoy will woris kandly, and with bo perreetly innocent of mischief to their master or his man, Tt in true they are naturally mischievous; that you cannot break: them of, and “What cannot bo enred must bo eudured.” Pp ROCKFORD, ILL, ‘The City Water-Works—PruiteOulture nod Lin Profit Canatag Cewit and Curie 3 Special Correspondence of The Chicano Tribune, Rocxronp, Ti,, Feb, 24—Tno City Water- Works aca nearly completed, and will bo ta rune ning order by tua let of March. Already about 8 miles of 12-inch pipo has beon laid, ond onough for 4 mites more fs on hand, ready to Lo placed iu tho ground whon tho spring opens, The powor for supplying tho elty with water is furnished by four engines, of 50-horse-power cach, which aso driven by two ligh-pressuro botiers, which aro capable of driving s 600-horse-powor engine, ‘Tho works havo o capacity to cupply 8,000,000 gallons of water avery ttouty-four houra, ‘Tho wator is obtained from Itock Nivor, and will bo thoroughly fiitored,—o largo woll and filter having been constructed. ‘Tha ontire cost of tho works, when completed, will be about ¥1C0,000. Mr. Molly, tho contractor for the miachinory, saya tha buildings and work done thns fr by the city are among the bast ho laa over Heon. AMALL-PRUIT CULTURE. Smat-frolt cultura muy bo regarded an ono of tho neylevtod industries of this portion of tho State, It hos, iu fact, uulll very recently, ro- caived no attention whatever, oxcupt in feolated casor. ‘Tho sbrowd farmer, however, begins to aco there in monoy in small fruit, as well ag in bogs and cattle ; and tha’ tho qld per acre, Ho fox nn dollsry are concerocd, is in fuyor of the fruit. Ono gontleman, Mr, EB, H. Biinnor, with a form lylug adjoining the elty, hax, during tho pant fow yoars, boon proparing for fralt-cuituro aud canning on an extensive eeate, Revovtly, your corroapondent visited this farm, sud ol taiuod information of this business aud prospocta, which I will now give tho readers of Lux Larpoxr, ° Tho farm of Mr. Sitanor 13 located on tho high roldug or undulating tand adjcining the city, The woil is of binck motd, with a shyht mixturo of eand, just cnough to mule it easy to cultivate nnd quick to produce, On this farm is a fino orchard of 8,600 early Richmoud chorry trovs, 1,000 of which bore their first crop last summor. ‘Those trees are now Beven years old, and woro planted in tho orchard flve year ayo. The weaso of 1874 they averagod ono bushol of chertios oach for their firat crop, Ono thonsand more will bear tho conn ucason, and 1,600 the your ful- lowing, ‘Tho protits from — this prooll orchard aro now gimply enarmons, Tua not profit from the bonriug treos paid Interest on un lovestment equal to 1,000 per acro forthe space occupled by then; avd Mr, Skinner hopes for bettor things tian this as they come into bettor bearing. OF plum-trues, ba hag, in fing, thrifty growug order, 2,0U0. Of plunie, hg wforms we, ho is nlwave eure of an abuudant yield, as ho has a sure remedy for tho curulu and ocber evemiow of the plunt, wt In uddition to plums and chorrios, respborries pre lurgoly cuitivated,—not, however, for pnt- ting on tha market as they ripon, bat to cun thom aud supply desturs in cannad fruit, CANNING YRUIT ANJ) CORN, For a ronrket for bis tenit, Mr. Biknnor doos not dopautt on sondiuy it to tho city, but cany it. Lant soason ho canned 475 Lushaly of chorrios in Q-lb, cana, and 7G busiiels of raapbeivies,—tho ramnlnder of iis chorry-crop bolux sold yt 92.00 per bushel, to pereows who vane to his farm and bought tu quantities of 9 and U beshels cach, for their own wie, Tits cannod trult found a ready talo in Chicago at wativfactory prices, and pasvod fu tho markotay No.1 goods, In addition tu this, Bfr, Skiuner triad tho exporimont lout wea- Ron of canning corn, ‘this also proved a wace cous; ond, the coming wcason, ho will engage in it, in addition to caauing arvit, ory extousiyely, Ve how made orrangewents to pat up 00,0 cans of cormtha conung wenuou, Ife will raiso his own corn,—a cholce variuty of sivoet; make Lis awn cana; and, iu faut, doall tho work on his own premines. This shows the profit thoro iv in nronll-feuit culture; aud that, a8 far north as tho latitude of Wiunohago County, some kinds may bo culd- yoted to proat profit. It is nuduubtodly true that thie latitude fy tov wovore to cultivate applica with great success; but the fruity mon. tioned will produce prolitlc crops, Yat, of all tho fruits cultivated, thoy have roceiyod tho Icaat uttontion. And right hora E will venturo tho assertion, that nov over ono-third of the farn:era of Winne- bago County produce on their presen aw much fruit ov thoy should consume in thelr funlios, Yhia te owlug tu thu ince that thoy have epeut years of timaio endeavoring to cultivato fruit wblou iv not adaptod (o this climato, aud nog. Joct that which uot ouly produces walt, but dada a veady markot and ylolds largo protits. Ovcastoxat, —_+-——_.- Au earthouware manufacturor at LBurvlem, Eng, who bad Deen ropoasedly flood and im prisnnod for arankennes, waa wnally put upou Hy good behavior wider bendy amounting 60 3,000, which wore furuivied; but tho mun wad noon afterwaid Lefore ths court ujeiu, oud was wont to prigon for o womb, while stopa wore taken for ahs Sort ttBS OF ae bouds, Tavee thousand dollars tus fur a drouk ts pa: “too (eur for tbo whlatle.” ape Views of Life on the Twenty. fifth Parallel. Hatural History of tho Keys---A vist to tho Dry Tortugas---Fo:t Toffercon---Dr, Mult, Corremondence of he Chi Ker Wrat, Fla, leb. 10.—Lho (her mometey has stood 69 above for two days, Tite iy lower than before (his winter, and thoy complain o¢ being cold. Umbrelles Lave teen Jat snide uny we get back to 80 tu tho oliade. Nothing can ty. moro delightful than a fow montha' residence jy * Key Wost. Vory sow como here a6 yet, Leen o4 the place is somewhat remote and cummunic. iow nat very goud. Tho “LAND oF FLowens,"" . whero Ponce do Leon senght the * fornteln of Porpotunl youth," quito equnla my expectatiars, Ono is amused at tho novel and Rubtroricct ss. pees of avery thing. ‘Tho people tere are larga Spantah and negro, with a aixture of so54) ertcru blosd. - ‘Thov nko (hi! al thlue, ‘Tas entarp. H Niue ats mthe North. M.A. aniselbs, atl di tuatny favors from thess genilemer ture of Lielueas bora ts tha avtet: metnlog the oct of fruit thab ariiva tram tho Balamas, Cala, eto,, ure guld at tho tretiy ths biyboat Ldds ror eaah, They a2 vet ene bar tho sidowalts Chicane, ans, og thy Etrecty nro vot m ama, Of icy thavo aco fow, thor lenty of veo, Leva JO tos Bids ys dros trade. en boast =o Theos vet horses, ug thoy cail thom, ans fant young mou, ‘Tho tnort tuveroecing tulag | hive sean bere are the trulls, Oranges, lemous, bauannos, plantaing, sappadilias, brerd-frais, Sat brn 3 foe stag haddock, etc, sell for one-half cout eacust wholesale. Limou, tgs, and other trapieat pro} lenty, ‘Lhe waturalst cau dad al mont. Gane is xbunid: ‘Tiers Ft finds. ‘Po the dissvpparutiacur ot ft 6 to 8; preciate @ olbk : e Hayes ftinont Las never bes fr ‘ad up, thar the material 4 vo abinds Tho number of iidigenons wpeeios fa large, whits thera nro many pecuharly Weet Indian. Pet, Dakcock ought to come here. Amiorys the trey commen here may be ween tha maguolia giana, With its maguificent tlowera. ‘The Cerasua Carp liniana, or witd orauge, Calalpa, alments, bs. nauuns, seppadillas, ond many others too numer ons to mention, Aw for tho small floves: plante it 1a no av to begin, ‘The beet way isy coms and get a smo'l ot the heaveu-distibed fre grance wafted on overs breeze, iJaving looked over tho town awhile, you yampie into tho woods, or by the veu-snote, flere may Lo found mauy interesting objet. Jn tho tino of land and frosh-woter wholly an, Qlawiina truncata, Heliz cereal Helicina t+ Liculata, 0. sebra, Tratia Flortdanue, aud 7, eimgulala, Truncatella bilabiata, ew, Outs Dbeiteh may ho ceon, afte: a biow, tho beauty znd frase barques of tie bluo Jaathina feats Lan., the wiecks of mon-of-war, or Jiysa. aud many other interesting forms, ‘rho gui erab (Limulus Polyphemur) aro common, ha the suldier crab wtalke about the whore inca: lors numbere. Thicyo are como 350 upecier ut inollusen ou tho two coasts of Florida, wis will give an idea of tho oxtout of that braneid tho Fauna. On tho Jat of Pebrinry my party . SAILED FOR TORTUUAS, CO miles weat. Wo chartered on 8-ton a.0s, with a crew of two sailons. Nona of wi h:1 ‘Leen Bo far weat; wo went down jun nor. right turaugh the Galt. I adviso poople stn weuk etomachs aud nerves nut to go to the fu. tigas for plersure. Wo had astormy thar, tit at last, on Lueday, at 9, wo arrivod uate. mn} nuchorud under tho walis of Fort Jefcuits. ‘Tuy harbor is protected by an hmmense + civeular coral-reof, over which tho wares a0 constantly breaking. The galo contin blow with increasing forea during tho time of our utay, fo that we could co but |: work, Tho Diy Tortugas are simply wover: # islands or Kandbanks. Nothing but o for st ed shrubs aro to be eecn on ony of then. tho aspect is dreary onough, ‘horeare ir beds of livinys ecrals here, in from 210 0 water, Viowed from ns umall boat thos ¢ look Niko a waving forest, and throng c « glnas one can 820, moving around atony: the, beautiful colored fish, cruntacea, aliclta, «te. I ig a night long to bo remembered, ron PEON é atands upon Garden Key, which contains sna 15 nerey, and accapies nearly throe-foi th { tho laland. Tho fort wee begun in 1840, cud bt cost several millions. It ig built of red is Aomo 40 icot in height, and cascmated furiv) tlers of heavy guna. It has nix widcy, aud ly 300 pleces of ordnance, 200, 200, end 409 paces ers, command every point of the compae). 1! tw the fort ly some 9 acres of round Wall eed ed to Bermuda grace, aud planted with cocoa-a:t palms. Ono solitary rogo-bush wastes itp. ney on tho desert air] Hero ara olegsnt yt- terg of brick for tho garrigon. ‘Thio ut cievest convista of only fivo mop, ‘Thora hy olen ii hotisy within the instoaure, During womo 4,000 prisoners wero corflned fort, was shown Dr. Sludd', ‘This {s simply o cagomate, with two wiv about 2 foot uquare. Nota ray of sags 2 could exter thera, Tho fronring in who stté floor to which Anda was chained, still to: On the docr Mudd wrote: “‘Lhoy wo cnt: here leave hopo behind.” It ts a daim;), goat Ince, nod reminds mo of my ova experienc Jhorleston Jail a8 a prisoner of war, bisa ing the fort fs a deep mont 80 fect in visi filled with wator, Escapo of prigouer' suoat [mpazelbto, Tho fow who got out pi in trying to reach the main laud, Ast tei tion, Fort Jefferson would not bo wort!: 11 = DLs ists i timo of war until’ the whole tg knoex-i ttt. ‘To garrison, tho light-Lonve keeper, a: nett fisherman, are tho solo inhabitants of theee ico Bato ty Koy ‘On Saturday sro wore glad ¢2 leave tl!) place and como back to Koy Weut, My noxt trip will Loto tho mainian’, sherol expect toiind thinga more agracable th + ié ‘Lortugas, VN — Nutional Debtes Boston Adteertiser, An Intoresting statement of the debisct tl) countries of the world lisa been propa diets * Lumton Seonoriet, und, haying Loon rapt ot commented npon ‘by the Pail Mat Go. mada the rounds of the Kugltsh pipertss) + Gppcared in the Iattor paper, Lt fu tu 0 Wm however, that’ tho figures reguri ene ovuntties ara moro correct thaw 1 purport to give the favty conc debt of tho United States, but hardly expact, siuco moro frequent 4 dutaliod statements sre published of other, Yet wo ara credi ‘ed 433,000,000 in 1973, and of 4 in 1875, whowing an incroa#o of £7,000." factinthnt tho fignres linyo been + vyersod. Jan. 2, 1873, tho national det Unitod States was 82, 102,252,000, whic! exactly £440,000,000, Un the lat J fe was $2,149 595,0U0, which is au to. £433,000,000. Tho blundor is porhs, 3 3 0+ ral ove, but It a strango Unt it ehould } ave} cartted throngh all the comments the Ha Gazelle makes without being disco Gazetig has avon the assurance to “the appuont increase in the indott. tho Unita States and the appxrent de-r the indebteduees of the Musuinn Empl to our having followed on this occasion a ent and, wo believe, more accurate pull than in 183: df tis ta a alur upoo “ur. + aidgon it la vory ingenious, but in that car Gazelta discredits Mr, Lratow as well, 104 nung tue 4 ie att dims st private tuformation tuore accurate th coulaived iu our oljlvial utateients. ar Joaving the question of sccurevy vat ¢* question, wo present tho table of Uebte and terout in 1876, leaving out the roports Like i | nteret, [00 andere) £4,601,000,020)} £189,630 | 2 We carrSet iho itgures for the United © Tho duct Juv. 1 was £439,000, 000, the ar ae fezost was $09,000,009, oF £1 0,000.009, 50% fi rato wai 4.67 por cent, or rather low pos cent, '