Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, February 19, 1875, Page 4

a than this thoy usually fail to comprehend. Tho practices should be co simplified that, in conxts of high aud low degree, thera should be no moro than three general classes of civil action, viz.: Jidt, which showld includo all asuumpsit, debt dauunges and contract suits ; trespass, which should covor all cases of tort, injury, or violence, not criminally prosented by the Stato; and a writ of replerin, or action for the restitution of property taken under cover of the law, enso for making confusion worse confounded in the Justices’ Courts hy retaining subtle and useless distinctions of formu of actions, TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. 1m aDvAwCR), Omics, 00 | Sanday So Patek 919-98 | eau 2:68 Parte of @ your at the earan rato, Te proven: delas and misteker, he mre and give Post. Ofees address in full, insluding State and County. ‘Heml.tancanmay bemeda either by draft, express, Post- OLcearder, or iu regtetered letters, at one risk. TERMA TO CITY AURECKINENS, Dolly, delivered, Sundar excepted, 25 couts per week Daily, eelivered, Knnday incinded. RO cents par weok Address THR TRIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sts., Ubieago, DL RATES OF KURECRIPTION (PATAY Postage Prevald at th iTS. ae uinton street, Batwees: MVICKKR'R THEATRE—Madieon atenet, betwean earborp aad Ktato, Hngacementof Ubarlotte ‘Ouauman. *"Gay Mannaring.” [C—Halsted stesot,batwean Made ACADEMY OF Bae vot Medusa Jentaschek oGheenay Waid.” anita "£0" aR. A-MOUSH—Olurk _atreet, aries Hower el & Leon's Miinasrsies row." ELPIHI THEATRE—Deerborn sirect, corner Mons Pa Wnty sutertauument “'yhe French Spy." at, be'ween Doar. [Monroe stt A Bello of tha Fanborg" and ** the She Belle of tha Sram aaiae jo Mucderers.' SOCIETY MEETINGS. b fs . Ro, 0, AP. EA. M—Stated pone se anne aa ma at Bt enioely for pizinons and work ea tho 2) rR TUCK Beo's. NTC, —t toa Sxcist by another Lodze, tho MATOS. Ortne toe Buh area aaa te BELL ie onaue Bene Gate at te Werk on Third Des SE ULAMAN, Sec. “BUSINESS NOTICES. NETTS YAVORING EXTRACTS, <THE BU- ee Tide exttdets ematvra ta tnetr portoct parity fea’ arcat strength. ‘hoy aro warranted frco from the ols olla and acide witich enter luo the ‘composl> on of meny of the factitlons fruit favors now fo the market thoy are oot val eae tata gn eter Wty ft at, Toazentrated that ‘& cumparatively anal) quantity only seal be used. The Chiage Tribune. Priday Morning, Fobruary 10, 1875, * jen degrees above zero ia tho coldest wwonther the peopla of tho Salt Lake Valloy have bad this winter, Mining operations have continued there without interruption, Tho statement is enongh to cause a Mormon eevival throughout the country. Tho Tax bill showed more strength in the Honse yesterday, Nearly every amondment pifered was voted down, and some disposition ens shown by tie Republicans to defend the pill in its integrity, ‘he naked issue, when the Hovgo comes to a vote, will be, Shall fhero bo additional taxation? When this is forced upon the House, some Republicans will bo found voting in tho negative, In the Brooklyn trinl yesterday, a brother wf Mrs, Turon took the stand, and testified moat reluctantly that ho had seen his sister and Mr, Brzonza in a aituation which aroused n him the most painful suspicions. The facts to which he testified are comparatively mimportant; but the impression produced mm his mind by appearances which could not ye described in words will have great weight, & is probable, not only with the potit jury in Brooklyn, but with the great popular tribu- tal which is now trying the case. Joun Bmianr exhibited in the British Sommons yesterday that rare moral courage which has helped a8 much os any other por- wnal quality to make him illustrious. When Dr, Kenzaty ontered for tho first time to take tis sent, and was requested by tho Speaker to ntire becansa ho bed no introducers, Mr. Bniaut immediately offered to officiate in that capacity, Tho English workingmen whom Dr, Krwgax represents, and who are tho growing political power in Great Britain, will not forget Mr. Barant's good will, if ever fhore should como a time when it can be re- paid by votes. _——— Tho virtual defeat of tho bill granting pon- tions to veterans of the Mexican War, by the vefnsal of the House Committec to roport it, will cause no great amount of suffering or re- yret, we imagine, among the people. Wo inve olrendy shown at some length in what sespect the bill was objectionable. There we really no veterans of the Mexico War rhose services, both directand consequential, tavo not beon amply paid for, so for as money can pay for them; and the nation is tot just now in a condition financially to dis- yirss money merely for the gratifcation of sentimental ideas, The Associated Prosa dispatch from Mil- woukeo, published Inst Monday morning, an- touncing tho intention of the Wisconsin Rollroad Commissioucra to recommend the wpeal of the Porrsn Jaw, and venturing the usortion that the law would bo repealed, was tery far out of tho way, Tho Commisaloncra Ud not make any such recommendation, and tt is now elmost o foregone conclusion that the bill they did prepare and offer for the modification of the law will not be paasod. Che pession of the Logislature ts almost ex- sausted ; and it will be an cagy thing for the mapporters of tho present Jaw to prevent any iction upon railroad mattors in the few daye that romain for tho transaction of business, es Mr. B, PF, Bornes is making great prepara- Hons for a becomingly grand exit from public fe. He has now in course of proparation, it sald, a spocch on Arkeneos affalys which will be the most elaborate work of his Con- greasional Life—a monument to hie sagacity tnd statesmanship, In this specch ho will (dvocate the overthrow of Gantanp and the installing of Bnooxs in power by tho Fedora! Government, On such aline of argnment wo should think Mr. Borzzn might make hepecch quite worthy of his pravions record, tnd ono that he will be no more ashamed of tn after life than of his pleas for Oanzs Aires end the Saxzoun crowd. In this casa, Mr, Gurixr will have tho advantage of being on the same side with a number of honest men a piece of good fortune which has not al- waya fallon to his Jot, a The Ohicago produce markets were irroga- lar yesterday, fess pork was quiot, and 5@ 300 por br] lower, closing at 818,18 cosh, and §18,17 1-2@18,20 seller March. Lard waa active, and 5@7 1-2c per 100 ths highar, clos. Ing ot $18.47 1-2@13.00 cosh, ond $10,50@ 19,52 1-2 seller March, Beats were quiet and ashade easier, at 6 1-2G@6 6-80 for shoulders, D1-2@0 5-80 for short ribs, aud 0 7-80 for short cleore, Dressed hogs were active and stronger, closing at $7.80@3.25 per 100 nr, Highwinea were ective and strong, at $1.0i@ 1.05 per gallon, Flour wes quict and firm, ‘Wheat was more activo and 1-20 higher, clos. ingot 84 1-40 cash, andl 84 8-40 for March. Corn was in better demand, and 1-10 higher, Glosing ot 63 3-80 for burch, and 710 for May, Osta were quict and firmer’ closing at 63 1-8¢ for March. Rye was quiet and steady at O00 for freuh recelpis, Backey was quist and D atendier, closing at $1.09 1.2for March, and $1.08 for April. logs were fairly active and firm. Salca at $U.40@7.20 for commen to choice, The cattle and sheop morketa were atendy, Tho Lower House of Congress adopted yesterday, without a division, ihe bill for the improvement of tho Mississippi River at ita month by the Eas’ jetty scheme. The Dill is fairly outlined in our dispntches. It is, it will bo obsorved, ono of the most reasonable and modest subsidy propositions submitted to Congress this session, Capt. Eans agrees, if this bill shall be approved, to undertake the clearing of o channol 30 feot in depth botween the Southwest Pasa and the Gulf forn gross compensation of $8,000,000. In case the work is not begun within eight months after the passage of tho bill, or if a chonnel 20 feet in depth is not mado in thirty months, or if 2 feet additional totho 20 feet sro not secured in cach year succesding the oxpiration of tho first thirty months untiladopth of 26 fect is reached, the privileges granted by the Dill will bo can- celed, ‘The Government virtually assumes 10 responsibility, and pays no profit to tho con- trator until the work is done, An appropria- tion of $150,000 per year for twonty years will, howaver, be paid for the prosecution of the work; and the total of %3,000,000 ex- peuded in this manner will, as we understand the bill, be subtracted from the smonnt finally paid to Capt. Eans or his heirs. and Harbor Appropriation bill, which pro- poses to cot cside $6,000,000 or more of the public moneys for the ourrent year toward improvements which ore not imeratively de- manded, might certainly bo cut down ona- half. Instead of this, we have tho announce- ment that a motion will bo made next Mon. day to suspend the rules and rush the bill through so that it may escape criticism and the danger of reduction, Mir, Kasgox, of Iowas,and Mr, Boncuanp, of this State, mado a strong appeal to the House on Wednesday to sustain the Government by voting %30,- 000,090 to $40,000,000 more extra taxation, and drew ao dreadful pictura of the national disaster that must ensue if tho obligations of the Government go to protest. Is thors such serious danger of this, gentle men? If there is, how can you justi. fy the appropriation of $6,000,000 to $7,000,000 when you well know that half the same is amply sufficient for ofl immedinte needa, and the rest will bo for the benefit of favorite partisan contractors, The people would bo more pleased with speeches in favor of retrenchment and cconomy than in bohalf of additional taxation to uphold tho honor and dignity of the Government. Cut down expenses and the honor and dignity of tho nation will take caro of themselves, We hava already noted the election of Joux Mrrcnes to the British Parliament as one of tho vagaries of Irish polit’es, but we think that tho election of Dr. Kenzazy, the counsel for the Trcunonsg claimant, is a more striking instance of the pecnliarities of Brit- ish politica, Itis expressive of the English admiration for pluck, Dr. Kensary was tho lender of a forlorn hope. He undortook tho ease of tho impostor ‘‘claimant” in the face of tho declared opposition of the aristocracy and tho most influential classes of the King- dom. It was quickly demonstrated that he hod nocage. Yet ho clung to his client with a foithfulnoss that was admirable even to those who believed that client to be an im- postor; and he fought his case against fearful odds without flinching, He was browbeaten ond visited with oll sorts of contumely from the Preaiding Justice, from the press, and the influential classes; and, when he was through with it, he was expolled from tho Bar by his lawyer associates, At this point there cama & popular resction, which was not devoid of 8 growing resentmont in England ngainst the lowyor class, Dr, Kenzany's election to Par- Uament at this time is a popular rebuke to tho lawyers and tho exclusive classes for at- tempting to put down a mon whose chief {fault was a loyal devotion to tho interests of his client confided to his charge. We admire the emphatic assertion of Anglo-Saxon fair- nesa made by Dr. Kenrauy's election to Par. Uament, ‘We have received communications from ex-soldiers, complaining that Injustice has been done them in an article printed in ‘Tun Tamuwz recently, commenting upon the bill to “ equalize bountics,” which was passed by the House of Representatives on Saturday last, Our correspondenta wholly mistake the position of Tux Tainowx on this measure, Wedid not oppose the payment of bounties to soldlera who had scen actual service and had suffered in the cause of their country, but wo did oppose, and do atill op- pese, syusndering the publio money by teus of millions upon the miscellaneous herd of applicants provided for by that bill os amend- ed, which includes artificers, mule-drivers, musicians, slaves, Indians, sailors who did nothing but cruise from port to port, and homo guards, of whom there were a dozen or more regiments in Missouri alone, who never saw any servico at all and who have already been amply paid. We opposed the bill further becouse the House mado no provision to pay the money it calla for, Now, if the bill were made to include only those who fought for the country, and the House had made some provision for the money, Tas ‘Tarmone would have favored it; but so long ag the bill includes tens of thonsands of por- sons who have no equitable claim upon the overburdened tax-payers, so long it will be impoasible to convince them that the bill should booome alow, At this time, when the Troenaury is boro, business stagnant, ond times bard, the enactment of a bounty bill which embraces from 100,000 to 200,000 per- sons who are not justly entitled to military bounties, wanld be o great hardship on the public, It is stated by tho Now York Even- tng Post that It may require one hundred and thirty-seren millions of dollars to pay all the claims which the claim-agents will trump up throughout the United Statca under the bill ae it passed the House. How is the money to be raised, and who is to pay it ? That is a vory le proposition which My, Anustgona, of LaSalle, has mado in the Legislature to abolish tho present distinc. Yon betwoen an action of trespusa and that af trespass on the case in lawsuits brought before Justices of the Peaco, The roform ought to begin, though it ought not to atop, here, There are probably ‘not ten Justices of the Peace in the entire State who can define and properly apply the diferonces botween these two actions, which have indeed becomo so vegue in many of the ramifications of our present practice that they puzzle good law. yer, Perhaps most Justicca know the dif. ferebce of application when it comes to an action fur debt, or for assault and baitery, or a replovin writs but anyiklag more subtle er Washington. nearly two-thirds of the next Honse of Repro. sentatives, and were able to make immenso gains in the Senate. the popular voice of half-.-million majority to take charge of the legislation of the coun- try. In any other country than this, the Democrats, representing the popular senti- ment at the November election, would have taken poseession of Congress in December, 1874, Under ovr laws, howevor, their official term does not begin until March, and the rog- wr session of Congress will not begin antil December next. Thio Democratic party ob- tained thelr majority by professing devotion too variety of reforms, among which may bo enumerated : THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: FRIDAY, FEBRUARY I, 18765. Certainly, thern is no ex. We are gla to t tho spproprintion of 970,000 for the completion of the Cop- peraa Creek dam has passed the Illinois Squate by a ronnil msjority. ‘The debato on it was marked by a significant sei-to belween Seuatora Casey ond Wiurixa, to know whether the friends of the bill had considered how much of a burden the appro- priation would be upon the people of his county. tion of the question, he had ciphered it ont, and found that tho proportion of the $70,000 would make Casrx’s constituency (Jefferson County) pay just $179.45, Jefferson County received each year from the sohool-fund of the State $1,759.36 madre than it paid into it, and that this yearly goneral con- tribution for the local benefit of Jefferson County was twenty-cight times ns much as that county was now asked to pay, for one year, for tho general benefit, Quoth Caszr: “Hold on; I am sntisfied,” and sat down amid laughter. have added that Cook County makes up the deficiencies in tho school-find for the benefit of Jeffergon and other Egyptian counties which oppose the improvement of the Lli- nols Miver, year 280,000 to $100,000 more than it gete from it, We have not enough schools for our echool-population, but we must, nover- theless, help to maintain the schools of the districta which oppose any improvement of the THlinois River at the general cost! This opposition to the improvement of tho Ilinoia River comes with a singularly bad graco from the men who have been prominent in the anti-railroad war, and have clamored for competition as the only meaus of cheap trans- portation. Tho improvement of the Illinois ‘will male water-way compete with roil-way. ‘This is the most effective competition poss!- ble, It will cut down freights at once throngh adistrict 800 miles long from southwest to northoast, St. Louis to Chicago, and 100 to 150 miles broad. The roads nearest the ca- nal and river will have to cnt dow a theirrates forthwith, and their action will force all roads competing with thom to follow suit. improvement is therefore of substantial valne ton majority of tho State as well as to a voat district beyond the boundaries of the State. ‘The action of our State Senats upon it was wiso and statesmanlite, Casxr wanted Wurttne replied that, in anticipa- He added that Benator Wintma might It pays into this fund each This AN EXTRA SESSION OF CONGRESS, There has orison a new controversy at ‘Tho Democrats last fall elocted They are entitled by 1, Aretrenchment of expenditures, 2, A reduction of taxes and preservation of the national credit. 3, A roform of the currency. 4. A purification of the Government, 5, Arcponl of all subsidies, and a gencral correction of all abuses. 6, Establishment of peace and harmony between the whites and blacks in the South, with perfect protection to the civil and polit- fenl rights of the lattor, The people elected the Domoernts to varry out these promises and pledges, and we think they ought to have tho fullent aud carllest opportunity to begin the work, that strict justice, and a propor respect for tho expressed will of tho pooplo, demand that the present Congress shall pass o joint resolu. tion providing that tho next Congress shall bogiu its eession on the Gth of March, 1875, If the Democrats honestly the measures and redeem the pledgos upon which tho whole country is entitled to have the Wo think enrry out the people lected them, then promieed blessings at tho earliest possible moment. If, on tho contrary, the Demo- cratic party has no purpose to redeem its promises, and its programme was n frond, as is generally suspected, then the country has aright to know this fact before the next elections, now Congress until December is to nd. journ all reformatory legislation until July or August of 1874, at which timo the wholo country will ba plunged into tho excitement of the Presidential election, will thon, perhaps with justice, complain that they have not had the timo necessary to ma- ture their reformatory legislation. Meantime all the State clections of next October and November will be held before they have been required to show their hand aud present their schemes of beneficent reforms, To postpone the mecting of the ‘Tho Democrats If they oro allowed to meeton the ith of March, 1875, they can, before July, 1875, mature ol] their measurca; oan report a now and thoroughly revised system of external and internal rovenue; can mature a financial syatem elevating tho national currency to par and ridding tho country of a rather flotitious, dishonest, and depreciated paper currency; con mature the legislation necessary to purify every branch of the Government of all the frauds, dishonesty, and rascality sup. posed and charged to exist there; to repeal all subsidies of land, money, and credit to railronda, to cut down all expenditures, abolish all useless offices, roduce salaries, and place the Government generally on an economical basis. They can, during this aummer, propare and lay before the people these ovidences of their purpose and their ability to carry ontthe loud promises upon which they won the popular approval in 1874, On tho other hand, the people havo a right to know whether, in disdarding the Republi. cans in 1874, they have In fact made on im- provement, or have been ahamelossly awin- dled; whether, in transferring the legiclative powor of the Government from the Kepubli- cans to the Democreta, they have not called into power a tribe of hungry adventurers in- tent upon robbing the country, ignorant of political dutios and laws, having no union upon any gonoral policy, and really only dis- tinguished by the fact that a majority have bosue arnus agalnst the eouutey and endeay. orod to destroy it, while the othera sympa- thized and gave them all the aid aud comfort in their power. Wo insist that the Republicaus of the pres- ent Congress have no right to legislate for the futuro after having been voted out by tha people. ‘They havo no moral right, knowing the popular verdict, to keep these Demacrais a whole year from tho great work of “re. form" they were elected to accomplish. aney have no right to stand between the suf fering and distressed country nnd this now Congyess which have beon elected to abolish all abuses, reduce taxes, restore n gound cur. rency, and reduce the cust of the Govorn. ment. The Republicans who refuse to pro- yide for the mecting of Congress on the fith of March place themselves in the position of denying to the country the deliverance from alleged evils and horrid despotisms, to re- form which the next Congress was spe- cially elected. Lot tho present Congress bo just,—just to the other party and just to the people. Let the new Congress have tho opportunity of mesting, and proceeding at onco to the workof reform, Let tho country havo the ratisfaction of knowing that thoy mada no mistale at the election last fall, or the opportunity, in caso they find that they did make such mistake, of correcting it at the uozt cloction, MINNESOTA SENATONSHIP, The situation of the Minnesota Senatorial contest is beginning to grow very tedious and unsatisfactory. Mr. Rawscx and then My, Davis withdrew, in ordor to restore har- mony among tho Republicans, and still tho Intter are frittering away day after day in bitter wrangling and disgracefal fouds, there- by making it morally certain that this staunch Republican Stato, alter electing o Repnb- Nean Legislature, will sond n Democrat to the United States Senate, and thus defy the wishes of the people, Meanwhile, the Op- position canilidate, Afr. Locnnsn, has written on oily, plausible letter for the purpose of scouring the votes of those Republicans who are short-sighted enough not to sea the hook concealed in the bait, In this letter he de- fines his position by eaying : Thold that, by tha adoption of tho Conetitution of the United States, a Nstlousl Govornment was formed, and not a mere league of indecendent States; that tho functions and powers of that Natlonal Garezunent aro Usmfted by tha terms of thet Constitution, and that, 90 far aa thoso powers extend, the Nallonal Government {a superior; tat all powers not apoctally or by pinta implication conferred upon the Natlonal Government remain with the sayeral States, aud that neither Government ohould Le allowed to usurp or encroach npon the legitimate functions of the other, and that upon all quostions of donbt 29 to the pawers of either, the Suprema Court of the United States {a the final arbiter, and no right of socession or nullification exiats, A In addition to this declaration, which is tho very fandamentel basis of Republicanisin, ho isin favor of pnying the public debt; main- taining inviolate tho conatitutional amend- nonts; fixing a tariff for ravonue; resuming specio payments; and insisting upon honcsty and economy in tho management of the Gov- ernment. Those also aro standard Repub- Uenn doctrines. If Mr. Locnnen, therefore, believes in Republican principles, why does ho not come ont ond announce himself s Re- these Republican ideas? Why ublican members call him to teh Make him declare himself a Re- Publican 9:renlly betievas in theso princi- ples? T yy howover, ho will never do, If elected uot this Republican platforn, he will go-to Gongreas as a Democrat and oboy the Democratic cauens jast as if ho had never announced his belief in Ropublican principles, ‘We observe that he has caught two Repub- ican trout already by hia cunuingly-baited hook, and there is danger that he may hook some more, There is bat ono of two ways of escape from the peril of this mortifying position, viz.: for the Republican members to ngree ono candidate ond elect him ont- right, or to agrea to cast say threo ballota for all the candidates, and then drop the lowest, thon vote say twice and dropthe lowest, aad go on until only two are left, ond then unite thefe votes on the highest ond make him Senator, Tho prolongation of this contest, es- pecially after two of the most prominent candidates have withdrawn for tho anke of promoting harmony, is getting to ben public scandal, nnd can only endin tha uttar dis- aipation of tha Repoblican party, aud the eloction of a full-fedged Democrat, who will bes Bourbon in Washington, which, under the circumstances, would be the most hu. millating defeat that has yet beon encounter edinony State by tho Republicans, It is time to putan end to this absurd faction- fighting and proceed to business in a manly way, Boys, behava yoursotves. THE WHISKY TAX. Bomo vory strong arguments were adduced in Congress on Wednesday against the in- erease of 80 cents per gallon on the whisky tax proposed by the new Tox bill. Thera is no moral objection toa tax on whisky as thero ison the proposed additional tax on manufactured articles, levied for tho boneft of oclass and to the great distress of tho mass of the people. The objections to the whisky tax are purely economic, and, as ench, nro suflcient to warrant {ta defeat along with the defeat of tho protective features of the bill, the objections to which aro both moral and economic, Tho first and bost argument against the 80 cents increase is, that it will not only fail to yield additional reveuno, but, in all probabil- ity, will yicld much logs than the present tax. Though this taxis now 70 cents, Mr. Bansmia cited tho slo of whlaky in New York City at 78 cents a gallon, only three conta more than the tax, while it costa fully 73 cents to manufnolura it in the West. Some of this glaring d scropanoy mny be at- tributed to adultarition and watering, but the greater part muat ba looked for in the evasion of tho tax, The present excise of 70 conta yields three times as much rev- enue to the Government as the former tax of 83 8 gallon. Thie is not because more whisky is manufactured now than at that time, but becansa the amount of the tax was a temptation and an opportanity for defeat. ing its collection, It was cheaper to buy up Gangers, Inepoctors, and Storekeopers than to pay the tax. If there fs fraud even in the collection of a tax of 70 conta, as tho sale of whisky in Now York at 73 cents a gallon fully demonstrates, how much greater tho oppor- tunity for fraud in a tax of $1 @ gallon? Reason ond experience alike justify the belief that the Government will not colloct og much revenue from the $1-tax as it doea now from the tax of 70 cents, ‘The extra tax will do- tnoralize and defeat tho collcotion of tho excise, Another good argument against the in- crease is, that itiain the lino of discrimina- tion ageinst the West and in favor of tho Esst, Unjnst discrimination permeates the onthe measure proposed ostensibly for the purpose of increasing the xsvenua, That on whisky would not bo a fatal objection if the whole bill were not devised to this special end, Not only do tho New Kogland and the Fastern States desire that the Wost and South shall pay them 10 per cont gold increngo on all their manufactured goods, including stocka on hand, but, in addition thereto, they desire the West and South to contribute out of tholr own business any extra revenne that. inay bo required, Cincinnati, which is the contre of tho highwino trade, pays twico a3 much internal rovenno as all the Now Ene ginnd States and muro than the entire State of Pennsylvania, Tho four States of Ohio, Minols, Indiaun, and Kontucky pay three. fifths of the entire excise tax, This is why New Enplend and tho Enst desire to add 30 cents to the highwino tax, ho woakest argument presented in favor of tho exciso was offered by Mr. Kassox when ho prodnced a memorial from Peoria istillora, oxpressing thoir patriotic willing- ness to endure the extra burden of 80 cents increase on new whisky ‘if the exigencies of tho country demand it." The loyally of the Peoria distillers is only equaled by the con- tempt thoy ovidontly ontertain for Con- gressionnl discernment, All hail to tho Peorin distitlcr! Ho is willing to lie down aud dio for his country. Moro than this, Tio is netually willing to enduro an increased profit of 30 cents a gallon on his stock on hand, and therosfter swindlo the Govern- ment out of tho incrensed taxon new whisky, ashe used todo when the tax waa $1.00@ 2.00, It must be very sweot to Congross to feel that it has so faithful and devoted a peo. ple behind it as the Peoria distillers, They oppose, however, any taxon the whisky on hand. Why is that, and they so patri- otic? E THREE WITNESSES. Thoro is one person who ought to be a wit- ness, one person who wants to be a witness, and one person who has been a witness in tho Brecnen ense, who bear very peonliar rola- tions to this huge scandal, ‘The firat of thoso is Mr. Henny ©. Bowen. Thoro is a very gencral impression abroad that Mr, Bowen knows considerable about thia case, or, at lenst, that ho ought to. There has scarcely been a lead started in it that has not sooner or later run over him, coiled-up in n doposit of some kind of scandal. He has been an invoterate busybody and gossip, aud has given the world to understand that he was o ropository of eccrets more dreadful and pro- found than any intrusted to the “Mu. tual Friend.” Ho launched his thunder. bolts at Mr. Brrcurn, and intimated through others that he must ‘' get down and out,” and evon instructed Mr. Tinrow to inform Bercn- en that ho must quit, and then dischargeal ‘Trzron because ho proceeded to obey instrua tions, He was one of tha signera of tha fa- mous Tripnrlite Covenant. Ho was the em- ployer of Brrcnan, also of Tizrox. He pre- tended to know a great deal about the caso at the outset; bnt when tho statements camo flying thick and fast, and tho public began to look to Bowen for the solution of the problem, Dowzy hrd suddenly disap. peared, and was noxt heard from in some far of country village, from which ha wrote moral homilies to the Zndepentdent, advising ita readers to be good if they would bo happy, and, above all, to go to meeting, When tho flurry subsided aud all the statements hod been mado, Bowrn turned up again in New York as bright and chipper as over. Now that tho tug of war has conic, he does not want to be enlled on to testify, as he is “disgusted with the whole business,” and he volunteers tho additional information thet he neithor up- holds nor condemns cither of tho contestants +n tho suit. Both sjdes scem to be afraid of him. ‘Why don't yoa como into court and stamp out theco eccusstion against Mr. Bercumn? yon know you can do it,” said ono of ‘Brrcurn's counsel to this good old) man, ‘Vory well," roplicd ho, “if you want tho whole trath, as far as I know it, you havo only to summon me.” ‘The moment, however, that he offers to come, they drop him for no other reason that wo can see than that ho wants to tell the “whole trnth.” ‘The other side chow no disposition to uso him, and thus thero is danger that this yrent and good man may not bo heard from in the trial at all, which would bo a calamity, Either Mr. Bowen knows nothing at oll about this matter, or he knows too much for the good of either side. Lf he knows nothing about it, that fact should be made epparont as soon as possible, in ordor that tho pnblic may understand he is only a vain, concaited braggart, boasting himself of somothing of which ho knows nothing, If he knows mora than any ono else, then he shonld be made to exude it, no matter whom it may affect. This is the witness who ought to be called. Tho witneas who tanta to ba enlled is V1o- onta C, Woopuuiz. She not only wants to be called, but sho is itching to be called, and for this reason wo trust she will pot be, Mrs. Woopnutt is not a woman who would throw any useful light on this dork oase, for the reason that her antecedents would induce her to place a prurient meaning upon otherwise harmless acta, that sho issocking to be a witness mercly for the purpose of inde- cent sonsation, and that her testimony would bs so prejudiced ond envenomed that it wonld not be bolieved by the jury or the public, No usoful purpoue, therefore, can be subsorved by summoning her. It ia bad enough that she should bo loft free to ply her orts agan adventuress, but it would be infinitely worse wore she called to the witnoss- stand to make o public exhibition of her prejudices, her gossip, hor obnoxious doc- trines, her vonom, and her obscene ideas, with no possibility that hor testimony will guin the public credence, This is tho witness who tants to be called, The witness who fas ken called is the widow Kary Oany, wet-nurse by profession, Her toatimony was terso, plump, straightfor- ward, aud positive, ‘hero was no hesitation, no uncertainty about her. ‘To overy question she was a Katy-did. The aggregate of hor testimony is ono of the most damaging blows Mr, Brzonxn has 7et recoived, and came with a force which seems to have rendored his counsel powerless to ward off the stroke. We know not what thoy may have in reserve, bat thas far the widow's testimony remaina un- impeached, It may bo urged by some that testimony of this kind {a apt to beunroliablo, and that servants, aud wet-nuorsesespectally,are adomoralized class, in league ogainat their mistresses, who act as spies in the house- hold, and distort innocent famillaritics into gravo offenses. There ore others who, admitting ahe may have told the truth, will still urge that thore was no harm in these Uttle innocent “iuterviews” botween Exiz.- beta and Hyexsy, Perhaps there waa not, Mr, Besouzn way havo been simply fulfilling lls pastoral duties, but we fancy there ars but few marriod men who would not proteat against such relations botween their wives and thelr postors, It may have been all right and propor that Mr. Brzores should make hia calla upon Mra, Truro in her bed- room during Mr. Tr7on’a absence, bnt it fs not, or at least wo hope it is not, the practica of many olergy, nnd the majority of husbands ‘wo prosume would vehemently protest againat such a practice, eo long as there was plonty of room inthe parlor or sitting-room. It may have been all right ond proper that Mr. Brecusrn, in his fatherly way, should take Mrs. Turon upon his fatherly knee, if such De the fact, and rest his fathorly hand upon her showldor when he inquired into the state of her feelings, and she made hor uncertain monosyllabic reply; but then itis not tho manner in which clergymon usually doport themsolver, and the majority of husbands would feel thoy had tho right to protest ogeinst it, and perhaps to oject such on af. fectionate shepherd, ti ¢¢ armis, over his threshold. ‘This is the witness who was called, We pnuso to seo whether hor testi- mony shall be impeached or explained away. MR. DAWES AND THE TEA DULY, It will bo remembered that Mr, Dawzs, in introducing the pending Tax bill, undertook to oxplain why the Committee did not recom- mond the restoration of tho tax on tea and coffee, Hesnid it was because there wore cnormous stocks of tea ond coffeo on Land, and eapecinily of tea, recently received in an- ticipation of the duty, and of which thero was a year’s consumption in the country, and that it would therefore be a yonr before the Governmont would receive any revenue from that sourca! ‘Wo stated nt the timo that Mr. Dawes must be mistaken; and now we have the testimony of statistics and donlers to show that the stock does not much exceed two or threo months’ consumption. The Govern- ment would begin to collect a duty on tea by tho 1st of Blarch if the tax were restored. Tho wrong which the Honse Ways and Means Committes have dono the country by rofus- ing to put back the tax on ten and coffoe, if any new tax is requirod, is manifest from the following points : 1, The market for two year3 pnst has boon declining constantly, aud dealers hare bought os sparingly as they could. The re- sult is that stocks on hand are much smaller than usual, 2, No stocks havo beon bought on specula- tion, since thore has been no confidence in tho restoration of the tax. A yenr ago tho jobbors went in heavily in the expectation of the tax being restored, and they wera thon disappointed. They are now in tha position of the burnt child, and they have this year avoided the mistake they mado Inst year. So far as Government revenue {8 concerned, therefore, no tax could have been levicd which would have produced so prompt and reliable s return, 8. A telegram from Shanghai dated as lato as Feb. 3 showed that the export of grean ton to date was 3,700,000 pounds less than at tho same time Inst year, owing to the late season in Chine, ‘Che amount of tea in ves- sols and duo befors March 1, about the time the tax should Lavo gone into effect, does not exceed 1,500,000 pounds, So the Govern- mont would have received o tax on tho bulk of the China crop of this year. 4, The stock in tho hands of the im. porters Fob. 1 (and the jobbers and dealers havo searcoly any) was lesa than 10,600,000 gounds, Add to this 8,000,000, which might possibly be received before March 1, and “hera would bo a total stock on hand of 13,600,000 ponnds, As the annual consump- ‘ion of this country is from 52,000,000 to Gt,000,000 pounds, thera would bo consider- ably Icss than three months’ stock which would pay no duty, ‘Mr. Dawes ought to be more careful in do. termining the sources of his information. EELLEY AND COX ON THE TARLFY, Weduesday’s debate on tho new Tax bill was marked by two very noteworthy proposi- tions, by which two men—one a professed Protectionist and one a professed Free- ‘Trader—stultified themselves, Mr. W. D, Kenuey moved to amend tho bill by providing for the remission of tho tax on spiritzof wins which wero especially pre- psred for industrial use, The Housa, ap- parently resolved to out-Hurod tho Perod of protection and slaughter more inno- cont industries than even ho bad tho heart to tax out of oxistence, reject- ed the amendment, Mr, Enunrr thus comes beforo the public as an opponent to tho taxn- tion of raw materials. Itis difiicult to grasp this astonishing fact, but {t isa fact neverthe- less. Pig-lron Kexiez hos shown a grain of gense on the tarif¥ question ot last, Mr, Kexter's argument is that spirits of wine aro usedin a number of important industries. Very trac, Aud that taxing them would there. fore increase the cost of carrying on these in- dnstrics. Trno again. Therefore, in order to encourage the prodnetion of manufactured wealth, aspirita of wine should not be taxed. This is a convincing argument. It proves the absurdity of taxing raw materiala. Mr, Kexzzy, to be consist- ent, must now opposa the levying of dnties on pig-iron, rails, coal, lumber, salt, bleach- ing-powders, wool, raw silk, flax, juto, anda thousand other raw materials which are now taxcd so onormously by our tariff. The duties lovied on thom make the persons who ‘uso them as raw materials expend so much money that they cannot afford to undersell their foreign rivals, and are therefore slut out of tho markets of the world. Tho lead- ing Amorican manufacturer of edgod tools testificd at Washington, last year, before o Congressional Committee, that ho was obliged to use Swedish steel for the edges of his tools, because no other steel was good enough; that when the daty on steol was levied for revenue and not for (mlsoalled) protection, ho exported his goods all ovyor the world and undersold English manufacturers in the English market; and that the presont high duty on steol hos effectually protected his English rivals from his oosypetition by making hia goods too costly to be sold ontside of the home market, Tails are one of the raw materials of railroads, Their ex. cessive cost under the prexont tariff has nodded hundreds of millions of dollars to the cost of our railway system, and thus mao necessary tho high fares and frelghts of which the farmers complain go bitterly, Pig-iron and coal enter, diroctly or indirectly, into every manufacturing industry. If Mr. Kenrer’s argument in behalf of splrits of wine ig correct, as it is, it shows a fortiori that the dutics an iron, stoel, coal, wool, flax, lumber, and many other raw materials, should ‘be removod or cut down toa revenue stand. ard, Tho High-Pricat of Pennsylvania pro. tection cannot escape this conclusion by quibbling over the wneaning of ‘raw meteri- als,” It fa true that labor has beon spent upon the pig-iron, steel, rails, coal, ete,, but comparatively more labor has been spent on the spirits of wine, If the latter cam be rightfully called “raw ma terials,” se they are by Mr Kairay rrr [ae el ee SS a and can safely be by anybody, much ean our examples be so styled. Anything eq which Inbor is to ba spent ia a raw TaAter{a} to the laborer and his employer, although is may bo the final product of other lnborerg and employers, Wheat isa final prodnet tg the farmer and a rw material to tho miller Flour ia a final product to the miller and row material to tho baker. Mr. Ketazy 4; thus pinned down to the record. Ho hns con. fessed’ the wrongfulness of lovying high da, tios on imported raw materials, Now let hig. apply to other eases his words,—or ent them, Whilo Kruey jumped from protections to free-trade, “Sunset” Tox took the back, track into tho protectionist camp. Hoe more) to increase the duty on champagno froin 8 gold por dozen quarts to $9, and from $3 pep dozen pints to $4.60, Tho Houso agreed ty the amendment. Cox said, in supporting j that ita adoption would insuro an increase revenue of $676,000! The truth of the ms ter is, that ita adoption will ont down tho my, enuc instead of incronsing it. Such on enoe, mous tax will put an additional premian oy smuggling, It will diminish the demand tq, imported champagno, and eo check the in, portation. It will groatly stimulate thy manufacture of the variona poisonous a coctiong now made, bottled, and | in this country under foreign brands, 4 theao three ways it will lesyen the lawfal ty, portation of champagno, and thorcfore lessey the revenno dorived from it, Itis trno thy articles of luxury not produced in this cou, try should poy hoavy duties, but thera fs 1 point at which tho duty defeats its own aig end decreases the revenuo instead of incress ingit. Mr. Cox has forgotten this fund, mental theorem of rovenue reform, If}; wishes to amend tho bill in a sonsible wy, let him mova tho restoration of tho taxon ty and coffee and the reduction of the tres ty all raw materials, Ha would then be on th, side of not only revenue reform, but the pris ciples of political econom: THE GAMBLERS! ESOAPE, Tho cose of Justice Dacorrr is a remat. able one, ond, if the facts turn out to bey alleged, an unprecedented ono. ‘Tho lawd this Stato makes gambling nn offense puns. able upon conviction after indictment, fj alxo authorizes the municipal authoritiesty panish gambling by summary proceeding ts foro Justices of the Pence. By o decisions tho Supreme Court, a conviction by oitherd these proceedings is & bar to any farthe prosecution in the other form, Ordinarily, whon gamblers are arrested, they havo o hes. ing bofore the Police Justice, who goneraly holds them to bail to answer before the -¢ Criminal Court, but thero have bean fnstaney where tho Justice has disposed of the cas by fining the accused. At the last tena d tha Criminal Court there wera several coy whero tho indicted gamblors had to be acquit ted upon their producing the record of afr vions conviction before the Justice of th Penca, On Wednesday, when McDonatp was pd upon his trial before the Criminal Court, presented a transcript from tho docket of Ics tilee Dacarrr, showing his previons os vietion before that officer, beon postponed ot tho instance of thes ensed froma previous day when this recor might have been pleaded, Jndgo Witzua sont for the Justico to produco his doczt ‘Tho transcript presented to the Court was 2d a. fair copy,—that is, it ind been changed fs some particulars, whather to cormect an acted mistuko or otherwise was not clear. Thee planation-ywhich was avery thin one~wy that the paper presonted was a transcrip) from a docket which had not beon is foot written up. By this transcript it appeared thot MoDonarp had bee tried and convicted beforo Justia Daauerr, but when this had occurred ni somewhat in doubt, Considering the discs sion of this subject which has taken plecoia * the papers and by the Court and public pre eoutor, tho action of Justice Dacoert it disponing of the case, instead of sonding it bofore tho Court, is very surprising. ‘This it : on the ngumption that the proceeding befor him actually took place siuco the agitation o the snbject in the courts. IF this action oa his part actnally took place zinoa the export of the fraud in the courts, then it is od eaying too much to congratulate the publi on tho fact that in the list of Justices now nated for reappointment the name of Justict Dacarrr does not appear, Other Justiow may profit by his example, PINOHBACK DEFEATED. The Senote yosterday, after a continu session of twenty-cight hours, voted to by the resolation, admitting Prscrpace ton cot, on the tablo, by a vote of $9 to 22, or nest twotoono, This remult is what Tm: Tasos ina nll along suggosted as the proper cnt The objection was not to Pimcnnacs, nor 0 his color, but to admit him involyod a recog nition of what the President and the Com mitteos of both Houses of Congress hat? condemned aa 8 “gigantio fraud.” Te Sonate could not stultify its previod action by voting to admit Prrcanich claiming to havo been elected by & Kra1oca-Durert Legislature, Some of tH ableat and purest Republicans in tho Sent refusod to sanction that gross fraud. Esty yesterday morning Senator Epsvnps, at Vermont, an able lawyer, whoso Republics iam will not be questioned, moved to ant As tho trialld = \ | } t \ fF tate for tho resolution admitting Pricuat a declaration that there is no constituti Government existing in Lonisiana,and dirt’ ing a bill to bo reported providing for’ general election in that State by the peP. thereof. No vote was taken on this ameo* ment, but it indicated the jadgmont of tho Republicans who would not yoto to admit # Senator elocted by the fraudolont Legisistut of 1872.3, Finally, the Pricuvacs pats / finding the case was hopeless, permitted 4 vote, and tho resolution was lnid on the table by on immense majority of all the Senstot ; present. If Pavcwpace failed to bo tr by the present Senate, ho will havo still Ins a chance in the next Senate, when 9 nam of his present supporters will bo # by men of different opinions on this Loulsiso8 question, ‘Tho rejection of Prvomuct: ‘Lough not an express, is an’ iunplied, * to recoguize the logality of the Eat Government, which, therefore, is toler only as a de fucto Government. The farowell engagemonts which Mist ed Loire Cusian fa now playing moan not me tlt the retirement of shat Ieay, but tho loss t stage of one of the groateat dramatic contr o tlous of modera timos,—the sara hie rot is pesaiblo that it will o in Chicago in wuch » manner as {0 public totorest, Like Jervgnson’s /'P ui Winkle, Keax’y Louis XZ, Buerom's EGOS and one or two other notable drametio eats Meg Merrities hay become Listorical [a ba fideation with Muse Cosurmay, It kee Be O stexe for a quarter of a contury uoder the ~ Of ex Lipersoaation, asd with bét