Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 30, 1875, Page 3

a 44s THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE; SATURDAY, JANUARY LITERATURE. THE GREVILLE MEMOIRS, A JOOAWAL or THN Retaxs oF King Gronae IV. ARD Kang WitLiam [V, By tha late Canon 0, Onevn.te, Glerk of fhe Council to those Hoy ereigne, Edited by Hexny Rerve, Registrar of the Privy Connell, mo, Complete’ in two volumes, Kew York: D, Appleton & Co, Buic-a-Brao Series, CHR Greve Mewoms: A JounNat or Tix Ie1oxs oF Kixo Groxar, 1V, axp Kino Witntaa IV, By Crannes ©, P. Gnevinn, Clerk of the Council to thosa Hovereigue, Eulited by Hucianp MHexnr Broppany, into, pp. io, New ‘York : Scribner, Atmatrong & Co, ‘Mr. Charles Cavoniish Fulko Croville was tho stdest sop of Charter Grovillo (¢randson of the €fth Lord Warwick) by Lady Charlotte Caven- dish Bentinck, eldest danghtor of the third Duke of Portiand, Te waa born April 2, 4794, and was educated at Eton and Chriat College, Oxford, At the age of 18, ho was appolnied Private Socretary to Earl Datharst. A fow yours later, ho recelyed the sinecare appointment of the Becrotarystup of Jamaica, the dutics of the oflice being parform- ed by deputy, In 1821, ho obtained the poxition of Clork of the Council in Ordinary, which be hold for nearly forty yoate. Mr, Greville iad some natural fondness for Iteraturo ; not enough to lead him to a difigont culture of bia mind, but suilicient to sustain hin through life in tha rather arduous task of kenp- ing » yoluminons journal. His birth, social ro- Jations, and ofticial position, gave him tho priv- ileges and onjosment of the uppor aristocracy ; and with these ho was content until it war too inte to reform long-establiahed babita aud re- trieve a course already on tho wane. On hia death-bed, in January, 1865, ho consigned his Momoirs to thacaro of his friend, hr. Reevo, with the requoat that they should be published bofore thedanth of alt the persons concerned tn the events narrated had dentroyed their inter- ast, In compliance with this injunction, tho presont volnumes—comprising Mr. Groville's jouraal from the year 1818 to 1837—~aro now given te tho public. Thor appearsnce in En- gland has crented conalderablo agitation, as their contents touch not only the public events, but tho pablic men and tho diatinguishod women, of tho period which comes under review. ‘The author wrota with an unsparing hand, set- tung down his judgmonts and epinions in plain aud fearless terms, No porsonage was too august to be criticised and censtired by his caustic pen, ‘That divinity which doth hedzo a King hed no influenco with Mr. Greville, In truth, ho ap- Pears uover to have comprohended the senti- wuent of reverence, but regarded high and low alike, with a oold, herd, mocking, yot subtle familiarity and diecatcem. Love of jastica and Jove of truth are said by his editor to have been prominent traits of his character; and ha may havo honestly triad to ray the right thing sud prea the correct yerdict on every occasion, ‘but his worldliness bad vitiated heart and intol- lect, Ue regarded eserything with the eyo of an aristocrat and aman of plossure. Ho lost vory early tho capacity for sympathy with what is pee aud bent, and most worth having, in this hfe; therefore, hia ideas and conclusions Jack the value of fine and full appreciation of the uien and things on which they wore exerciaad. The evaudal aud govaip of society, which amuse idiera and triflera of both sexes, fill » conspicuous portion of his journals, Politica occhpy far moro epace, it is true; but most that he bas to communicate upon this subject has been condonsed into history, and, + at leaas on thin wido of tho water, his mi- nute discussion of tho current trausactions* of Govorumont will bo esteemed dull reading. It ia bis picturos of tho private life of the Court, and of the personal traita and manuors of ami- {nent individuals, and hie rotail of frosh bita of epicy tattlo nnd scandal,’that havo drawn thochicf attention to hia Memoirs, and will continue toin- vito the largost circle of renders, It {a gratifying to find that, along inthonecond volume, Mr. Gre- ville gots a glimmering sense of tho mistake he bas made inthe estimates of the trae object sud aim of lninan ambition. Hiv reader cxnuot be moro soyere in condemuation of his worldly spirit, snd his frivolous, divsipated career, an Le himeelf ie, ashe looka back upon the Pst from the vautage-ground of mature years, is deop, though vot saving, regrets for wasted epportunitica and powers, softon the disapproy- al be ‘Which, until then, Lo is iuvoluntarily re garded. ‘The first chaptera of the Memoirs are notablo for & pretty complete sketch of two wombors of tho Hoyal family,—Goorge 1Y., snd bia oldest brothor, tho Duke of York. ‘Duo exstabliskment of the Dute of Yori at Janda ia described sa the worst managed in En- gland, with » multitude of sorvants, and no one to wait upon guests; “ a vast number of horaos, nd nono to nde or drive.” Tho Duke's favorite amusoment was whist, which ho nover censod 20 Jong a8 he could find anybedy to play with him, ‘The stakes ho proferrod wera fives aud ponies, While the Duchess gonorally choxe half-crowu Whist, ‘The Duchess, who way born Princess Royal of Prussia, is Faprosonted a8 clever, wall+ informed, and dignified in mauner, refined in conversation, yet rolishing "jokes, storics, and allusions which would shock a yery nico’ per- soa." Tho Duke wus amiable, candid, and sin- cere, and loved and oaleemed by thoue about him, although his talunta were of » common order. Ie dolighted “im the socicty of men af tho world, and in life of gayety aud plossuro,” and also in “ jokea full of coarseness and indel- icacy.” The income of the Ducal pair wes in- wutlicient to support the expensos of their estab- atunont, aud thoy wate frequently distronaed to meaun to pay their sorvant: i Dpgout debi: pay ‘Baud their moss uf tho Conrt of Georgo IV., we havo the following account: “1 was lodged in the I'a- Yilion, atid dined with the King, ‘The gaudy aplondor of tho place amused mo for a little, pad thon bored mo, ‘The diuner was cold, and tho evening dull boyond all dullness, 1 tho Kiig is autiona ana any tat that form and ceromony aud, if go, it only proves that form and cere: Mony should not always inhabit a palaco, The ‘Kiug was in good louks, aud good spirits, and after dinner cut his joken with all tha coaren merrimont which is ‘his characteristic, Lord Wallesley did uot seem to like it; but, of course, he bowed aud amited like the rest. [naw noth. ing very particular in tho King’a maunor to Lady Conygham, Ie uat by hor on the couch almost tho whole evening, playing ut patienco, aud ho took her in to dinner; wut Madam’ Lieven aud Lady Cowper woro tiero, and. bo seemed equally civil to all of them. I waa cn. noua to woe tho Pavillon and tho life they load there, and now J only hope I may never po thore Again, for the novolty is nant, and I aliould bo Stpoged to the whole woight of the bore of it, without the atimulus of curiosity.” tor, Mr. Greville writes: "I'he King's in- Goleuce iw wo great that it is noxt 10 impossible to got him todo aveu the mont ordinary business, acd Knighton [Keeper of the King’s Privy Seal] ts etill the only iaun who can prevail on Lim ty six papers, etc, His greatent delight id to make thove who Lave business (o tranunet with him, oF to lay papers bofora bin, wait in bin Bus toom whila ho ig lounging with Mount Charles or auybody, talking of horses, or any {nvial mattor, aod, when be is told, ‘Sir, thers a Watson waiting, ete., he replies, “Damn Wat- aa a in wait!’ Ho does it on Purposes, and “This sooonnt evrresponds with al! = fore hoard, and contirms (ho opinion Tae bad, that « more coutemptiblo, comardly, weltinle uufealing dog doew uot exist than this King, on Whom such ilattory is voustantly lnvished<' He haw asort of capricious good-uature,—arieine however, out of no yood principle or ‘gond Tock, jug, but which ts of use to him, as it cancels ing aaah sud at small cost, along score of mis. nde ‘Ton yearg after the King's accession a Windsor'ts thusdoseribats, sae tony hls fe srtreordiuary life,—uevor gets up ull é in the Sftarnoon, “Chey come to him and open tho wine ho beagtalus atGor7o'cluck iu the morning ; bo Ureakta od; doew whatever businous Le an br t ta transact in bed, too; ho ready rs Hd Dowapaper quite through; ‘dozes three or to bx a gets upin timo for dinnor; and gore ob tweon 10 and 11. He sloepa very il mania et bis boll forty times in the night ; if us Glove te eteW tho hour, though » watch ‘banya bd x iim, he willbave his Vatet-ite-cheznbi's. b A The uame theg hia head to louk at it, wou't 3 he wants a glaus of atrete) out bin band Fevero, Ss, on the davw thoy are ji Ora are inoowmaut, and tue: their clothes at nicht, th, r in waltiugs their ‘cannot tal gl ardly le dawn He be in vrttable, and baw horribly snnoyad by other matters bewides the ithe fact is. that be is oa beast, and b es pas bewst, and hae no ides is in good healt cy Woiled, welsieh, i pits auy thing agreeable to hinuel| i B any duos attached toy! ole he hous. ‘Do expeuses of the Civil List excood the shoo ne ib every branch, ey. dan tor tas BEY wibeus ee the madep ped him, aa he calls it), makoa no show, and never ban anybody t + «_. Among other oxponses, his t ia exid to bo £4,000 or £5,000 a'year.” ‘The King died in 2839, while Mr. Greville wae traveling on the Cuntinont; and it is por- it haps not to wondered at that tho Intter makes this unfecling note in his journal: “Everybody here ta in great arm about the King [George 1Y.], who, Lhave ho doubt, in very fit. Tam nfraid ho will dio be- fore I got home, and I stiould like to he in at tho death, and wee al) tho proceedings of the now reign; but, now Lam hero, 1 must atay out my timo, fet what will tisppon,” few wooks after the King's death, Mr. Greville attended ibo malo of lis wardrobe, ‘which waa numerons enough to iil Monmontit streot, and suficiontly varione and splendid for fhe wardroboof Drury Iane, He hardly ever gave aay anything, oxcept lite linen, which was tlistributad every yoar. Theas clothes are ti porquinite of his pager, and will fetch a pretty fom, There are all the coata he han ever bad for fifty years, 300 whips, canes without number, every sort of uniform, the costumes of all the Ordora in Furopo, aplondid furs, pelinses, huut- ing coata and breaches; aud, among other tbings, a dozen pair of cordnroy breeches be had made to bunt iu when Don Miguel was hore. His profusion in these articles waa unbonnded, becanue lic nover pald for them, and Lis momory was #0 accurate that one of his pages told mo ho recollected every arti- clo of droes, no matter how old, and that thoy were alivava Liabta to be called’ on to produco some particniar coat or other article of apparel of yoara gone by. Itiv dificult to say thother in great or little things that man was most odi- ons and coulemptible.” 4 When Wilham IV. came to the throne, bia groteeque nnd ridiculous ways made evorybody Tear that ho had already violded to the malady of insanity which was tho inheritanco of hia house. Lady Conynghan and her family retired from the Hosal palaces, and tho Kine's nine natural children,—tho offspring of Mrs. Gordon, —entered into their places. But this procead- fug was not counted singalar, It was the King’s valgar, plabotan manuers that shocked his lege subjects, ife was in no hurry to pat on the dig- nity of Royolty, and ail England waa aghast nt the aight of a King on the throne with tho rough habits of a sailor avd a country gentleman. But Mr. Greville good-naturedly remarka of him: “Altogothor, he seems a kind-hearted, well mesning, no! stupid, bur- lesque, bustling old fellow; and, if he doesn't go inad, may mako a very decent King; but he exhibits oddities.” Among tho first official acts of William LY, was to inspoct the Colds. 200 Guarda, which he did *drosued in a military uni- form, ond with a great pair of gold spurs halt way up his logs, liko a game-cock, although he was not to ride; for, having chalk-stones in his hands, be can't hold the reins. ‘The Queen came to Lady Bathurat’s to seo tho review aud hold a sort of drawivg-room, when tho Ministers’ wives wore prosented to hor, nnd official men, to which wero added Lady Bathurst's relatives; everybody was ta undrces except the ofiicors, Sho is vory ugly, with s horrid complexion, but lias good manners, and did ail thix (which she hated) very woll, Bhe said the part as if sho was acting and wished the green curtain to drop." ‘The samoe day s Council was hold to swear in the Privy Councillors and Lorda-Lieuteneut, etc. ‘Tho Duke (Wellington} waa twico swora, as Con- stable of the Tower and Lieutenant of Hunts then Jersey and the new Privy Councillors, and thon tho host of Lieutenants, six or seven at a time, or as many as could hold a bit of tho Testament, I begged the King would, to expe- dite tho Lusinose, disponse with their kneeling, which ho did, and ao we got on rapidly enough; and I whispered to Jersoy, who stood by me Le- hind tho King, with hia white wand: ‘Ths farce is good, ian's it?’ as they each kissed his band, I told him their namo or county. or both; aud he hed acivil word to way to everybody, ‘invi nome to dinnor, promising to visit otbers, minding them of former visits, somnsibing good- humored ; ho asxed Lord Egromont's permigsion to go and livo in his county, ot Brighton. ‘Three days after this acono, the King drove all ovor the town in nn opan calecho, with the Queen, Princess Auguste, aud the King of Wartemborg, aud, coming home, ho set down the King (drop- at Grillon’s Hotel. The King of England dropping an- otuor King at» tavern!” One. night tho King hed ® party, and at 11 o'clock ho dia- missed them thua: ‘Now, ladica snd gontle- mon, I wish you a good-mght, I will not detain you «ny Jonger from your amusoments, and I will go to my own, which 1s to go to bed; 80 come along, my Queen!” At lus firdl speoch to the Council, the King spoke of Liu brothor, the Inte King, witu an ap- pearance of deop fepling, ‘and in a tono of voice properly softoned and subdued; but just after ward, whou they gave him the pen to men tho declaration, he sad, in his usual tone, ‘'Phis in a datoned bad peu you hevegivenmo.’” But after William bad grown accustomed to weariug tho crown, hia wits grow steadisr, and ho loarued to conduct Limnelf with a dignity somowhat botter suited to bis position, Slt he was always rough, and choleric,‘and capricious, and gave his Ministers and the people in his acrvico nv ond of trouble. Shortly beforo the lose of his reign, his eldost aon, Adolphus Fitzclaronce, gavo thi following doseription of his daily rogim: “+ He sleops in tie same room nith the Quaa: but In @ separate bed. At aquarter boforo 8 every morning, bis valet-do-chatubre knocks at the door; at ten minutes bofore 8 exactiy, ho gets out of bed, puts on a flannel dresning-gown aud trousors, and walks into hie drossing-room. Let who will ho there, be never takes tho slight- out notice of thera till he emergea from this sanctuary, when, like tho malade imayinaire, he nccosts whoover may be present with a cheerful aspect. Heisltong at his cblutions, and tukes up an hour aud a alt in dressing. At half-pust ho breukfaste with the Queon, the ladiox, and auy of his family; ho oats couple of fingers and drinks a dish of coffee, After breakfast ho roads tho Zimes and Morning Lost, commenting aloud on what be reada ip very plain terma, and wometinies thoy bear, ‘That's ® damnod lic!’ or some such romarl, without knowing to what it applies, After breakfast, he dovotea himeclf, with Hic Herbert Taylor, to business till 2, when he lunchos (twa cutlets and two ylasues of sherry); then he goes out for» drive till din- nor-time ; at dinner ho drinks a bottle of alerry, —no other wine,—and oate moderately ; he gocs to bed goon sftor 11, Ho abhors ath his Minis. tore, aven those whom ho used rathorto like for- mor! fY but hates Lord John {Inesell] the worst ofall! Whou Adolphus told him that a aiuner onght to be given for the Aseat races, ho said, ‘You know I cannot: give a dinner; Eeannot give any dinners without juviting the Miviaters, and I would rathor see the devil than any one of them in my house!’ " Royalty cuts a sorry figure in thetime of theae Memoira, and, as may be socn in the extracts we have made, Mr, Grevillo hee not hieuitated to show it in wl its deformity, Neither this un- Pleasant spoctacla nor the exbibition he males Of the nobility, in calculated to make Americans diswativded with Republican simpiteity. — air, Greville talka mach of the ** maunero those whom he moots, and gauges bis roy} pect for per- eonsin Proportion tothotrolegance; but, according to his own showing, elegant manners were uot veldom accompanied with shallow intellacta and vicious hearts, @eorge 1V, had the reputation of being * the first gentleman in £uropo.” Tho reader laa seen how he displayed Ins gentlo- manhood. Qccaslanally Mr, Greville presents one of hia titled or otherwise distinguished ac- quaintanco in an advautagoons light, but the instauces are few. Kithor there was to 00d to bo said of them, or the writer took a ‘keener pleaguro in recording their foibles and vicsn than thelr oodl7 qualition, The Duke of Wel, ington and Lord Brougham were the especial subjects of his dislike, and he devotes a Rreat: hunuy payes to wirivturea upon each, No doubt much of his criticium of these great men bas truth in it, but the reader will accopt the whole with grens revorve, ‘here is very ‘Jittle meution mado in the Momoirs of indu and woneu famous in the World of art and lettors. ‘Whe feoling of caato, which is very wtrong with Ar. Groville, forbade Ina reganling tho gifts of gouius as tho equiv. alerts of rank and title, and te could not RiACO- fully descend from fins society to the compan. jonship of the aimply wise and good. Whow in- troduced to Washington Irving, fe remarks ot bin, * Ho ta lively oud unassuming, rather vol. war, very good-bumores ;” and n, Woah ington Irving wants sprightliness aud’ more res fined manners.” ld countrymen have beou addoted to the opinion that the great cxnayiat of whom they boust was as charming « geotleman su bo was antuor, but Mr. (Izeville declares that, though he bad apent vo mauy yeata in England “he baw & bluntueis which is very tocergn to tho tonn of Kucd soviuty.” 4s Lord Hollaud's, Mr. Greville Macuulay. It was his Gret aight of the prea Kistoriuu, and, ax the couvervalion which Our curred strengthens our conception of Macaulay, wad Teveals the dinpusition of our author, we copy the ecune eulire: *' Caine very Jato, aud found a vacunt placa betsven sir dene tobingon and a omoon-lookiug wan in black. As soon ae I had tinfe to look atm neighbor, E Levan to epecutute (a8 oue usually does) aa ta who ho might be; aud, wy be did nud for. soma time open Lis ps excapt to eat, 1d vetiled that he Was some obucuye loan of teltere or of medicine perhaps acholeru-doctor. Ina eliort tima the ouversation turned upoa carly aud lato duc tion, aud Lord Holland vakd bo bad alwaya re. ark it salf-oduoated men woru peculiarly soncelted and arrogant, and eps to look dows Bon bie generality of mankind, roma unsie bely; pe ktew ; bes one day met 8 dgmorket of Gov shell go _ wea) having been at public schools, they fortned of the eonrae of grueral education, My neighbor obse ved that he thought the mort r- tantkable example of actf-education was that of Altieri, who bad reached the age of 30 withons having acquired any accompliehment save that of driving, and who was go tgaorant of bia own Inngnage that ho had to lear it liko child, bogitining with clomontary hooks. Lord Tolland quoted Jnliva Cingar and Scaligor as examples of Jato education ; ssid that the Inttor had been wotndad, and ther bo bad been married and commenced learning Grok the same day: when my neighbor remarked, ‘that le supposed hia loaning Greek wae not an instantaneous uct, like lia marriave.’ This reimark, and the manner of it. gavo tuo the notion that he war» dull follow, for it came out inn way which bor- dored on tae ridiculous, so as to excite somo- | thing like a sucer.’ I waa little surprised to | hear him continue tho thread of converration from Sealiger’'a wound), snl talk of Loyoln been wounded at Pampeluna. I wor dored! how bo happened to knaw anything about Loyoln’s wound, Having thus setiled my opiu- jon, { went on eating mv dinner, whou Auckland, who was sitting opposite tu me, addrasced my noighbor, ‘Mr. Macaulay, will you drink a glans of wino?’ I thought L should have dropped off my chair, It was MACAULAY, the man I lad been so long most curious to nse and to hear, whose genus, eloquence, astonishing knowl- edge, and ‘diversified | talonts, have ox- cited my wonder ond admiration for such a Tongth of time, and horo I had been sitting noxt to lim, hearing him talk, and sotting him down adull fellow. I felt os if ho could have read my thonghta, and tho from every pore of my fac possible not to be amusod at the tdoa. hot till Macaulay stood up that } was aware of ail the vulgarity and ungainlincnsof hie appenrauce; nota ray of intellect beams from lia coun- tenance: a lump of more ordivary clay never inclosed a powerful mind and tively imagination, Holad s cold and soro-throat, tha latter of which occasioned a constant contraction of tho musclea of the thorax, making him appoar as if in momentary danger of a fit, His manner atruck me ox not pleasing, but it waa not ageum- ing,—unembarranaed, yot not easy,—unpoliahed, yet not coarao; thoro waa no kind of usurpation of the conyorsation, no tenacit; to opition or facte, uo aasumption of superiority ; but tho vatioty and oxteut of bia information were soon apparent, for whatever sbject wan touchod upon he avinced tho utmost familiarity with it; quota. tion, illustration, anecdote, seamed ready in his handa for overy topic.” in 1834, Mr. Greville apent an evening in com- pany with Mrs. Bomerville, and jots down a record of bis impressions: “Laut night, at Miva Berry's, mot Mra, Somerville, the great mathematician. I bod boen reeding in the mor ing Sedgvick’s eermon oa eduestion, in which he talks of Whewell, Airy. 1d Mra. Somorvillo, miontioning tier as one of the great luminaries of tho preseutday. The subject of astronomy is s0 sablime that ono abrinka into » senso of nothingnoes in contamplatiog tt, and can't help regatding {hove who have mastered the mighty procosy and advanced the limita of tho scionce aa beings of another order, I could not then teke my cyen off tho woman, with a feeling of surpriso and something like incredulity, all in- yoluntary and very foolish ; but to see a minc- ing, smirsing perion, fan in hand, gliding about the room, talking nothivgs and nonsoane, and to Inow that La Placa was Ler playthiog and New- ton her acquaintance, was too striking a contiant hana not to torment tho braiv. It was Newton's mantle, trimmed and flounced by Manrodaa,” The unpublished volumes of Mr. Gievillo’s momoirs cover tho firat twouty-four years of Queen Victoria's reign; but the editor, Mr. Reaves, hints that many — yoors must, elapse before thoy oan with propriety be put into print. We may infer that the Queen is not well plensed at tha appoaranco ot the present yo.umos, which reveal so much that is diareputablo in the character aud conduct of her Royal unclos, and which slso report many things to the disparege- mont of hor own mathor, THE MIDDLE AGES. Mararany axp Revigious Lark iv Tig Mipprc Age ann Al THE Penton oF THE Renatasanoe, By Pact. Lacnorx (Dibiopbilo Jtcob), Curator of the Impe [AUrary of the Arsenal, Paris, Iituatrated with 14 Chromo-lithographle Prinus by F, Ketienstove Recastuy, end L, AvLanp, and Upwards of 4 Bugravings on Wood, 8vo., pp. O04, D, Appleton & Co. In speaking of this superb volume, our first words of praise must be given to the illusira- tions, which, for artistle merit and inetructive interest, stand among the fluest that have ever been produced for the illumiuation of a printed pare, Tho chromo-lithogranns properly come under the donomiuation of high art. Tho most delicate hand-work does not excced the clearness of their outline and the bonuty of their eotor- ing. Itisimmaterial which specimon wo eelect ag an example, Take oumbor ong, for instanco, and note tho fino tracory of tho mesudering pat- tern on tho robo of Anne of Brittany, or the admirablo drawing of tho facos and the handa of the various figures ; or mark the changeful shoon of the garments in the “Procession of Xing Rouo at Aix," and the porfect form of tho minule sara in the canopy ; or the rich and sub- duod tona of the pictura of “ Bothlehem and. the Shopherda;" or tho’ softness and seria! lightoers of tho vision of “ Tho Angols Present- ing to God the Bona of tha Elect.” In this entire collection of the chromo-lithographs, the caroful finish of all the dotails, the briltinncy of the tinting, the exactness with which it is laid ov, and tho accuracy in overy respect of the manipntation) are equally surprising aud dalight- tal. The procoss of color-printiug bas boon carried to a high tate of perfection when ancl oxquinite effects can be compasead by it. Whon we reflect that these pictures are fac- nimiles of miniatures painted on raro and precions manouscripte which we may nevor hopo to soo, their value ia greatly enlianced, and we aro doubly gratofal for the invention of = insthod by which the art of a paul age can bo re- produced ata cheap irte for the good of tho mnultituds, The wood-ongravings, ucattered thick a4 antumn-loayos through the volutno, are aino of excocding interest, Noariy all arc exact copies of old pnintingy, weulpturos, tapontrion, oud wood-cute, and bring boforo ua tho lifo of other men with # vividness and definitenons Possiblo to the most graphic description. ‘Turning from the illustrations to the Ietter- prens, our giatification in tho work ia by no moans diminished. ‘fhe author has atored hore srehieologicul treavuros that lave baenteousht With great Inbor aud aclected with ag grent care, His ta net tha loose aud rambling narrative to which we are too much aveustomed in writera Wo are compelled to gather their asntiqui- ties painfully, in detached and irregular placos, and who seem to got a eon- Meed and desultory style with tho pon in tho sano way that they make their uncertain and immethodical accumulations. On the con- trary, M, Lacroiz has arrangod his materials in a systematio manner, and prevents thom in a cor- roct and unbroken wocuenco, His essay is divide ad into fifteen chaptora, siz of which treat of the various phases of military life of tho middlo agen, under the raolos of “Foudaliam, War and Armioa, Naval Mattera, the Crusades, Chivalry, and Military Orders, The remaining chapters aro davoted to review of tho religious life of tho usmo poriod, aud bavo the following head: Liturgy aud Coramonies, The Popes, Tha Hecu- lar Clergy, ‘The Religious Orders, Clsritable In- stitutions, Pitgrimagiw, Heresivs, ‘Che Tuquiai tion, and Buriols aud Vunsral Ceremonieu, Io oach of thuse divisions the wobject under consideration fa eoncixely aud comprehensively discussed, ‘The author evidently draws his in- formation from largo and trustworthy sources, und has the art to present it in tha most availa: hte form. Toe one flaw in the finixh of his book is the lack of au indox, and that ia io, great part supplied by the methodical laying out of his aub- oct, and the copious beadinga ef the obapters. koa altogether, tho work is a most valuable, anitis a most elegout, compendium of the his tory of the middle ages. Now York: LAUGHTER, Latte Ceansice. Fifth Volume, Edited by Rosette Jounsox, Lavautes, hue, pp, 28, Hoston: Jumnoe It, Osgout & Co, Nine choice utoriou, having a sufilclent fisvor ofhbumor to entitle them tocoma under the head of “Laughter,” ara inclosed in this Inst | nambor of tho ‘Little Classics.” The firat in tho hat ia The Ohristnias Carol,” by Dickous. Can one come acrous this exquisite tale too often, or have too many oditions of it? No Mattor in what diferont forma the complate vorla of Dickens atand on the library-whell, wa exclaim, “Ab, how nica!” on secing that the “ Carol" opens this little volune, aid instant! fall to reading it, and it proves Just as freah absorbing aa though it wore tho irwt instead of tho fiftieth timo that wo have breathlessly watched for the effect of the Christmas droam on Hecooge'a icy buart, and brushed awsy the tears at sight of Tiny ‘im. ‘Tue other stories inthe numbor are of the best, Jet they foltow Dickens along distance behind: They are: “he Hauuled Crust,” by Katho- Hue Saundors; “A Dissertation Upon Ionut Pig,” by Lamb ; ‘Phe ‘foul Depravily of Iuan- imate Things,” by Mre B.A. Walker; “ The Skeleton io the Clases,” &. H. Hele; “Sandy Nera Sigsots EH. Mol - Djs sol Deeajea Dunstan Ge Be] oy tances Sy W. rions.” Cleral William Carleton, GO0KS RECEIVED, Tne Apocanres: Heveaten: Wirneta Ane Dree coronene Tite ARCAMS Tnx Fommtonn, WHICH HAVE Hrrarnro Rewainen Coxegatra, From the Latin of EMAsURL BwRDUNHORG, ‘TRO volumes, Ino, The Kotch Fdition, Philadeiphlu: J, B, Lippincott ko, Tow itn Wor ten: A Branrs. To “Patn Puay.” Ty Mea, Evista D, FN, Racin 12 no. PP. 4, Philadelphia: T. B, Peterson & Brother Anonies Drtivenep Barong tur Bririen Agvoota. {WON AMMEMRLED AT Wehvar,. Hy don Tripant, RLM. President, Teriset bythe Author, with « cond Prefaro, Replying to His Critica: and an Ape Pindad Article on Scieatine Matoriaiian, Papo, Xew Xork: B, Appleton & ¢ Srond nae SPARKS OF SCIENCE. THE GRAPE-LEAF GALL-LousE. ‘The late ravages of thin tittle Insect (Phyllosre era vilifoliv, Filch) iu grapo-groming coun- trios, threatening ontire dextriction to the vine, have directed anxious attention to the nozlous pest, and we eco ite name more aud more fre- quently montioned in horticullurst and scientifie reports. Tho insoat, like the potato-beetlo, is of American origin, and was imported to Europe, probably, on the roota of vines which it liad in+ feated, Tho first reference made to the Phyl Joxera wan by Dr. Fitch, of New York, in tho year 1856, Ton years iater, Mr. Riley, State Kuto- mologist of Missouri, briefly allndet to it in the Prairie Farmer, Aug. 1866; and, the sama year, Dr. Shimer and Alr. Waluh, lato State En- tomologist of Illinois, publiuhed their ouserva- tions regarding it. Dr. Shimer claimed that it wasmtruo plent-louse of the Aphis family,— which it really ia—whito Mr. Walsh wrongly called it @ bark-louso of the Coccus family. This rame year, 1806, astraugo and destructive disense attacked tho vine inthe south of France. and increased with such rapidity that flually the Minister of Agriculture an] Commerce offerad x roward of 20,000 francs for the discovery of au effective remedy; and # Special Comininaion was appointed to examine tha claims of those who might bid for the reward. The diseaso waa known ag pourridie, or rotting, and was noticed in the form of small cankerous apota on tho roota of the vine, whieh caused them to decay, and thus destroyed the plant, It war at last din- covered by MM. Planchron gnd Lichtenstein, of Montpellicr, that tho diseaso was produced bys louse (’hytlozera vastatriz, Planchon); and oth- er observers pronounced the insect Henticel with the American gall-loune, JAylloxera vilifalin, Stimulated by these obusrvations in Europe, the scientists, who ladalready beon studying the insect in this country, prowecuted their ro. searcher with renewed interest, and in Decom- ber, tH70, Mfr. Riley waw able to publiah an al- most complete bivtory of the Phylorvra in a long and abla article in the Entomologist and HBotanist, giving the result of his investigations, Through a correspondance with two prominent men of kcienca, conducting emultsncous exncri- monta in France, Mr. Riley was able to catablial the identity in stracture aud habits of the Enropean with the American species. Early in the epring, about the middle of May fu this Iatitude, tho longe begins to appear upon the uppor ade of the grape-leaf, whore, by sue tion and irritation, it causes the leaf to bulge out on the under sido, creating a hoilow in tho surface whero the insect rests, whieh grad- ually jucloses it wntirely, Within the gall thue made, tha Jouse deposits from fifty to 540 amall yellow eggs, Tho lice are xt firet pale yellow, and, af eoon os they are hatched, leave the gail throngh tae oritico in the upper surface of tho leaf, and, reeorting to the young aud tender foliage, themselves turn to. gall- making. Sevoral goverations follow each other during the season, aud the process of reproduc- tion is sntertap tert ouly when the vine coases to put forth now leavos. When the femate has doun Hopouiting ozge, the object of its existence is fulfilled; it dies, and tho gall it occupiod drice up. Me will ba soen, from the immenso fecundity of the Phylloxera, that the life of s vine would bo drained by the numerous colonies feeding upon it, iu the courao of awingle season, Tha loaves which are badly attacked tur brown and drop, ony by one, untit the stock stands bare. Aus Lhe insects exhaust the nutriment afforded by the teaver, they settle on tus tendrils, potiolos, und tendor branches, and there continue their dopro- dations, Ly the ond of Septomber they find their way down to tho purts of tho vine under- ground, whore they attach themselves singly or in groupa, aud, by their punctures, canso avell- ings and knote, witch oveutually decay aud destroy the roota. ‘Che insect changes ita skin after renching the roots, avd becomes tubercied, Iv thia condi- tion it probably passes tho winler. At what tame tho winrod males aud females appear, Mr. Riley bad not discovored at the date of writing his liixtory of the Phyllozera, In cutting open 10,000 galls, Dr. Shimer found the winged insect. in bat four. Alr. Riloy recommends the rooting up io the fall of the vines which have been at- tacked by the lico, as tho surost means of ex- terminating tho pout. Ho sluo advises the pluck- ing and destroying tho gall-infosted leaves as faut ag they appuar in the spring. lurning sgain to France, whero the insect bas wrought auch tremendous havoc, we loarn that is was first obverved in tho oeighhorhood of Avix- non, in tho year 1865, a3 we have already men- tioned. ‘Lho following year it invaded tho ad- joining dopartmeuts, Vancluse aud tho Bouches des Jthone, and scon epread over a Jarze area in the nouth of Vrauce. Since it began its 1avagea in Vanclute, it hos destroyed 60,009 ont of the 74,000 acrea in that dopartment devoted to the cultura of the vine. No means Lave yet bean suggested by the Fronca wavanis which have auy effect in aluying the progress of the devastating insect. In a paver recently read before the Paris Sociato d’Acclimatation, Dr. Turrel suggests toi tho rapid increas of the Phylloxera may ba dua to the scarcity of sinall binia in tho vine dia tricts, A war of extermination han beon carried, on against the feathered tribes wiuce the becin- ning of the present century, aod a corresponding increnso of dostructive invects ina rouulted, De- prived of its foathered protectoru, tho vine hea been weakened by the attackn of the grub and otier imsect enemico, aud pradiiposed to suc- clznb 10 the suanulty of the Piylloxera, DIFHTHERIA, Ata meotiay of the Public Health Association of Now York, Doo, 10, 1474, the canes, nature, history, and proper traatment of diphtheria, wero dizcuseod bythe physicians present, A paper reud by Dr. Eligha Harria brought forward evidenco showing that diphtheria is not a now diseasc, but, undor varlous amor, has been known since the yory dawn of medical sctonca, Four contu- ties ogo it was deecribed in Europe under the titles of * putrid eore throat,” “malignant an- gina,” “angina muffoeativo,” ofc, If was this disease which earried George Washington to the gravo in 1798. Upwards of 100 yoarw azo it pre- valled oxtonsively in the City aud Colony of Now York. ‘Tho firet fatal case recorded under its present name ocenrred in Now York, Fob. 20, 1859. De- fore the close of the year, 63 douths bad remult- ed {rom the malady in that city. In 1858 aud $1459, it again prevailed in Now York in & mild form, but, in January, 1860, 14 deaths were registered in the Burosn of ‘Vital Statiativa, and tho disease became epidemic, and in certain localities excoadiugly maliguant. The obstruct from the mortality of the disease shows that, from this time until 18¢4, diphtheria had become s nerious enemy to tuman life in Now York. In tho springy of 1859 the dinsavo a) Pearod in Albany, and 2,000 cars wero recog nized In the first ton mouthe of ite prevelunce, and 179 deaths wero regiatercd. During all this period, not a case occurrad in ‘Troy, » city only 7 miles distant. During 18¢0 and 1861, diphtheniy prevailed as a local epidesatc in many tomas thronghont tho Union; aud the fact wan grad. uaily acknowledged that it was ina ceriuin way, infections, ‘Tha sctuul deaths elarged to tue diseasa in Now York In 1874 wero, up to Deo, 20, 1,606, being 6itin excess of tho oumber rege iutered in 14735, - A paper road by Dr. Leniy Smith gave a re- viow of the vatina und natuco of diplithuria. The malady is cautegions through oxhalatioud from the aurfuce and from the breuth of the pationt. ‘The theory iv pretty clearly substantiated that tho diecuse owes ite origin to the prosenoo al’ duchria,—mnall veyetable purssites. The grey- ish-white spots that appear pon intlamad wur- facta atthe boginuing of the s tirely composed of baoturia, which, if not pro- yented, maltiply rspidiy, and, by barrawiug in the tisaues, infect ibe Whole eystem. ‘Thin bro torlau theory, developed by nilcroscopical invee- tigations, iv supported By she face tbat @plithoria provails most in localities favorable tu the dovel- opment of low forms of xoimal and vegetable fife, av iu crowded aud Shy rooms, end mw tow grounds, Confirmation of the theory 16 also found in the fact that the aivease begiag in a single spot, aod quay: thea be saaily cured. it is only , io the propagation of the dieeane ia a pre- disvosing condition of the eyrtem, Macteria somotines exint iu the atinosphera without 0: Suemg diphtheria, and are eveu fonnd occasion- ally inthe mouths of well persons. aud. when breathed, sometimes cause no injney to. the lange, Those, with olber conviderations, indie cate that diphtheria ix, in certain cause, s conati> tutional malady dn its circumstances, though in the majority of inntances it ia primarily Iceel, and only eutmeqnently conutitutional. When diphtheria spreads from house to hours, or from room toroom, it ia never carried by the clothing, but by the visits of persona infected with it, Frora theno facta it is obsiouw that, in canes of diphtheris, there should be an entire soparation of the sick from tho well. Children should bo especially protected from eontact with divhther- tac patients, ‘Tho same sanitary precaution rhowld alno be edopted in treating the disease na in deating wich low fevore. THE IMPERIAL PURPLE. A short time ago, an extensive heap of refuse sholla was diecovered near Atheus, und enpposed tobes kitchentwiddeu. Snbsequent investryas tion proved that the heap consisted almost en- tirely of sapecien of murox and other phells which yield the faraous dy known as the Tyrian purple. This fact induced the conclusion that here was the site of au sucient dyeing ostabliah- ment. A inglo shell of the murex gives but a diminutive drop of tho secretion, consoquontly large numbers were consumed in the production of buts small amount of dyo, which mado it Very precious, In Cicero’a time & po:nd of wool colored with this, the anly pinple known to the aucients. cont about $173, Recanso of ile groat beauty and high cost, purpio cata to be the symbol of Imperial power. Otranto, the ancivut { Tarentnim, was one of the great inirer-fisheries: of tha Romans, anda large number of dyein establinbmiouts were locuted there. For several cantitries aftor the fall of the Raman Empire and the decline of the marex-fisherics, purple was an unknown color in Europe, ARCTIC EXPEDITIONS, Au Arctic oxpedition will start ont, under the. suapices of the British Government, during tho coming seasoa. It will consist of two veuscla.— ona tsken from the English navy, and the other probably from tho fleet of eteatn-whalers. They will bo thoroughly equipped forthe enterpris which will be under the command of Capt. Nares, of the Challange. Capt, Alfced Mark- ham, who made a voyage of exploration in Polar regions in 1873, will, it in supposed, take chargo of one of tho veseols, Tho expedition will sot out Jate in the summer, after the drift-ice baa disap— peared, and will take the ronte through Smith Sound. which is chouen a9 the most practicable, No pains will be spared to rondor tho tour fra’ fulin the various departments of scientific ro- eearch, Itis also expected that the Austrian Government will sond oue or two expeditions to the game regions, but their route will be ether througa Byitzbergen or Bebring Atraitn, AM INTERESTING DISCOVERY. Mi. Sars, son of the late distingnizhed Prof. Michael Bara, has recently contributed su intor- esting discovery to geological science. It isthe occurrence of ® dimorphic foim, with alterna- tion of genoration, in s fresh-water flea, or en- tomostracan, a spocies of Leptodora. The young born from the normal summer-ejes attain: their full erowth without any motamorphis; but BI. Sare has observed that tho young hatched from the winter-eyer are in the nauplive atate, and aro provided with a sot of provisional orgaua wholly wanting in the adult, The viaple csclo- paan eye in tho onuplius-like young perdiste, owever, in the adult. BIRDS IN NORWAY. ‘The total number of apecies of birds included in the fauna ef Norway in 250. Of these, 174 have boen observed within the Polur Circle, and 160 of the 174 have rangod aafar gorth as within the hmite of Tromsose Amt, while 150 species bee long to the fauus of Finmark proper. FAUNA OF SAVAGE ISLAND, Savage iviand. on ivolated spot in the ocean uplifted by the coral polyps, has = very limited fauna. A bat and o small rodent, intermadinte between & inouse and a water-rat, aro the only mammals yet fouud on the isiand. In addition, fow Lirda, some lizards and insects, and three eciea of Jand snuils, comprieo itw list of ani- mal inhabitants! THE EDEL WEIs3. ‘The Rev. H. Smelt has succeeded in enttivat- ing the edelweies in his garden at Willeott, near Marlborough, at a height of only 428 feet sbove theres, The plant producad eleven vigorous bioasoms the past seasou, thus exploding the Popular superstition that tho odelweiss growK ‘exclanively in ‘perilous places” among the pa. SOTANY. An annual record of tue contributions made to the literature of Bolany has been extablished in Germany, The work is wdited by Dr. Leopold Aust, Professor iu tho Polytachuic at Carlarube, with the aid of x large staff of ussistavta. The first volume, lately issued, containa a revort of all aporiane papors on Botany published during 3, —_——__—. THE TEXAS PACIFIC. ‘The Chamber of Commerce of Cincinnat! hava divided in opinion es to the propriety of asking Congross to pass a Inw indorsing $1:25,000,000 of bonds for the construction of Tom Scott's Texas, Now Afoxicu, and Arizona Desert Railway. Tho advorse report of oue-lalf the Comuittes reads aa follows: Whitlo we woutd not gelfiehly Lake a locul view of thio inntter. it seems plan to us thus Cinein- nati bas twenty tines the totarest in the 1m- provoment of the Miesissippi tion she bra in the proposed roads; snd that, while her comme: bodies are engaged in the vain offort of easi People tu the direction of the two puius, a nution of customors who have materially angisted in maling this city rich und great, may, bofore the econling auminer, be rendared homelesa aud bavkropt by an imundation from their great river, Af we thought X clearly witlia the power of the Govornmont ba wake tno indorsement die sired, and it aed ample means for meetiog tho responsibility to be asannud, wo Would not urze or even supeeet Liat todo 30 would nob pened. Cincinnati particularly, yal. we might vay even thon that our rewidoute need wot be troubled with the subject, Lut whan taere is wat a nafliciency in tho National Treamry with which to pay the necon- Bary exponaes of the Gav erament. and uf course nothing from which to ‘draw aid egsential to Souther: iutazeaty of pqculiar votue ta us it soma quite unwiea to ba projecting linca to tha rogions af ice or the dian sond delds (7) of Arizo~ DA; Or, to apezk more pbsinly, to put now tazcs cx all that & ppecutation may bo mado good toa few, members urginy this mattcr really desire to give the grestent boon to the Month, and at the lous$ comt to the Noith, ja’ them pation Con- Areas Lo cause tho Mrasxied inpt to be artificially Foutrainod from overiowit yz the grout cotton belt of the world. ‘hia will lx ing tous tho dosorvant gratitude of millionn of ywople, and will repay many times the ospanditm 2. But it might be as wed ws examine tho funda- iontal principle of Iyw bel ‘ore aukiog Conyroas to leginiate for much a yj airp 280. The Governmeut can aad ought, efter a while, toiniprove the harbors and rivers of the Souzh ne fara thoy ure of natia ost importance, wcd by doing so will faltill the m ozsure of her duty, wud will sativfy every reeso: ble mau there. ‘Tho Bouth nocds and dema ods equal luvs and fair troaimout, sud wothing more. Adventurens from thore are continually kna ching at the doors of Congrees for gratuito, }3nt ber sony of ‘foxay, to whick point the Toxa 6 Pacitio in prob ably graded to Ban Diego, thy population to the squcro inile upon that parals 21 is wo omall a to be mappreciatle, aud it cau uever bo vuld- ciently largo to be of much low U beaetivta a railroad. Sen Diego being ouly an adolat village, wad thie voiny the churaster uf the ce wutry tor lung distance to the east of it, the | Texas Pacitis cannot stup thers, It uss gooota Baa Fren- circa, bit can scarcely do £0, unlee 1 Congress, at the proper tiny, reluases tho first t aurea wo bo given now, and talos a seound lien, — If eithor of these billy should vaus, waiea itis: ob a ult likely, this courvy will have to bo taku 4, or the ansculation of oar worthy friends will ¢ sil agsio, When San Frangiavo is suachud, the n a tines willvimply draw off frow the Union 1 ‘uciile « part of a Liusiuess uot vow suficiont to Gusta it, aod al) the roads extending (his way ‘ill run on slow titco, with mixed trem, and at ne * prodit. ‘Tho full responsibility of the Govoruua ut will then ba admitted on all sides, and tho me wibera of she Chamber may heve an unwolcoie r6e7 lection of the part they took in vausug it- We think it ime tion that the pouple cais 2d a halt in thuxe mattors, aa they have doue, ara | wo trust that the wisdom of the Chamber wil shat of tha people, (slgaed) 0; W. Woonaad, Matcher of ted Coalition FAMILIAR TALK. VESSELS 14 ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL Timrs, Tho eurliont trace of vesrola equippod with sails oa woll as oare, is found among tha Fgyp- tlana, who advanced fromthe nao of boata to that of abips of rude and clumsy construction, Open galleys, impelled by oara alone, wero, how- ever, the crafta generally in use on the Maditer- ranean, by the most ancient maritime nationa. ‘These were unfitted for wrestling with winds and waren on tho open sea; hence narigation wae, for many centuries, contined to voyages slong tbe coast, ‘The kill of the naiiors wes, in these carly ages, eo slight, and their voorcls were eo unatuble, that they dared not venture ou the water inthe wintor-eenson, and they regularly bosched their ehipnevery autumn, ‘Their rato of progress, tov, was oxcaodingly alow, and a trip from the Levant to Italy wastha work of many long and tedious weeks. ‘The Jorgent yea- sels in aucient uavios hnd five banksof oara, and were called quinquemotes. According to Polyb- iny, they wero capuble of carrying 909 eeamen and 129 soldiers, Tho Joma had 100 of these sbips built on the eoast of Brutti, in the year 206 B.C., after a Cartha- gonian-model, and thereafter maintsined large Hecta of them. These galloys, like the trirerars, whieb had three banka of oars, wore provided with a short pail for uso iu favorable winds, for the relief of the rowers. ‘The crew of a tiremo numbered about 260 men, and, ina emooth rea, tho beat could be propellod and manouvered with somthing liko the apeed and ass of a modern steamboat, During the life of tho Roman Umpire, the on- ly notable improvemout in navigation was ex- hibited in the increased eizo of the galleys; and, even down to the twelfth century, there wea but ‘aitle change ia tho form and rigging of the dif- ferent classos, Attho fallofthe Roman Em- pire, the barbariau conquerors assumod the na- val power of the Mediterranean, Theodotic caured 1,000 veraels to be built for the defense of the Italian coant and for tho transport of in chatudive, Uradually the Republica of Venice, Genon, and Pies eatablishod extensive navies, aod contended with each other for sinremacy on {ho great inland sea, Theirmerchaut galleys visited tho farthont Indios, aud wowntamed a heavy trade ith all tho sich warkets of the world. "In tho veuth century, the Venetians ure esid to have bnile ships of 1,200 to 2000 tens. In 1242, the Genoero sent out a lect of 93 galleys, 30 traders, and 3 large ships, to ongage in a uaval cnatest with 110 Pisan and imperial galleys. When the Crusaders set sail to attack Conttantinople, at the begiuning of the same contury, they uad o fleet of from. 200 to 450 vessels, In the early hal? of tho thirteenth centarr, Louis IX. em- barked for tho Holy Land with » fleat of 1.800 vessola of various size. Some of them wera Ho lzcgo aa to carry 1,000 men, and others had room for the transport of 100 horse: Sleantime tho brave and bardy Norsemen had created a marino differing grontly in constriac- nee on shipboard. In 1441, darts, arrows, and Inncos, and complete rata of armor for the eail- ore, trare atitl supplied, along with guos and rounds of ammunition, It waa not antil the close of tha sixteenth centitry that navies were Cornpletely equipped for war with marine artil- ory. . SIR THOMAS LAWRENCE. Sir Thomas Lawronce, the great English por- trait painter, exhibited his artistic talont at'a ro- markably carly age. His father at one time kept the “ Black Bear” inn at Devizes, and the draws ings of the young prodigy, as he was called, wara frequently shown to distinguished gnosta of the honne, Th 1775, when tha boy was bt 6 yoare old, Lord and Lady Kenyon, with their youog non, Lord Shatteebnry, atopped at tho inn, and tho little genius was brought forwerd to anter« tain them by drasing « portrait in chalk of the young Lord. When Lawrence was but 10 yeara of age, he regularly entered tha Profession of portrait-painter in crayous, establishing himaclt at Oxford, whore he obtained constant patron~ age. From Oxford the young artint went ta Bath, and nt 18 settled in London. Tere bia Buccs Was extraordinary, aud he enon became the most popular portrai coiving higher prices for hiy work than ha:l ever before been sccorded an artisbin his depart- mout, In his goeaipy “ Memoirs,” Mr. Greville relates the story, which be hud from tho lips of Mrs. Arawvright, neo Kemble, and @ vieca of Mrs. Sid- dons, of the love-pansaza which Sir Thomas Lawrouce bad wit h the two daughtora of the Rreat acire “They wera two wigtora,” says Nr, Greville —"one tall aod very handsome ; tbo other little, without remarkable beant: » bow very tlover und agreeable. Iie fel! In love with the firat, and they wore angagead to be married. OF caurse, unter enc cirenmaisnces, he lived constantly and freely in the hose, ond, efter rome lime, the wiptrior intelligence of the clever sinser changed the curront of his passion, and sbe eupplanted the handxomo one in the af fection of the artist. 'Thoy concested the double trenchary, but one daz a note which was ine tonded for hin vew tove fell into the hands of tho old love, who, never doubting it for herself, apansd it, sad diccov- the fatal truth. From that time who droopad, sickened, and whorly ofter died. On her deathbod rhe exacted a promaisa from het maser that ene would never marry Lawrence, who firmly adhared to it. Ho contitined his rele, tions with her swith mora or less mtimacy up te the period of her dosth, tha date of which ldo hot recollect.” In. 1781, when young Lawrence was bit a bow of 34, be drow the portrait of Mra. Siddons tu tha’ ebaracter of Zere. Her eldest daughter, Saruts Martha, was at this (ima 8 soars of ago, aud. Maria, her second daughter, was aged 4. ‘The intter prew to bes beautiful wotoan, but died of consumption st the early ago of 19. Sho waa prova- bis theonoto whom Mr. Grevillo’s tory alluden aa tho vi of an unhappy attachnient for tha port inter, | Her sister survived her lesa than five yours, dying of the enmo insidioux dciveade,—consumplion,—at tho age of 29. tion from tho various styles of tho gall which prevailed ion the Mediterranean. To enable there Northorn meriners to surmount the abort, chopping ecas and swella of the At- lantic, and to puraue successfully their long roy- ages of discovery aud adventure, thoy bed bniit ships of small size, but of groat atrength, and rigged them with waila rnther than oars, The niowt that we know of the form of their vesnele rolates to their Lich prowasudaterns, which were catculated to restt the force of the waves. Ti order to keep in check the nimble ships of the Danes, Alfred employed galleys pulled by forty and stxty oars; but theso vexecis were adapted merely to coast-zervice. Latez, Mardican had a galley pullod by eighty care, When Wi iam of Normandy invaded England, bis fotila consisted of yossels of very inferior nize, ard I. sooms to have commanded a fleet af con- siderable cficiency, as, according to Matthew Paris, be was ablo to engage tho largest galley in the Moditorranean aud demolish it, ‘This huge vecasl, which ik described by tho old chrouicler, was literally fioat- ing fortress, with three musats, sfford- ing @ great ppread of canvas, seyoral banks of oars, m eastollated tower surmounting the stern, aod & vast hull. painted groan on one ede aud yellow on the other. It was defended by archers end soldiers who showered down upon the Engiigh glese yasos which, breaking when they struck, cnyeloped the attacking vessels with Greok firo. Denpite the size of this hugs Sera- cenic craft, it wos nuok by the English, aod iva ootire crew perished with it. Hing John, tho brother and euccossor of Richard 1, eutered upon tho systematic construction ef 2 navy, and eatablishod a Royal dockyard at Portsmouth, While Henry V, was carrying on bis conquests in France, he'bad o slup bust at Bayonne, of which the quaint language of tho writer of tho time neys: ‘The ateume is in hithe 96 feta: aud the post 48 fete; and tho kolo ys yn levutho Wig fete.” In 1295, 8 man-of-war was at tho bead af the feat of Francis I., which, for its splen- did adornments, fine armamont, and adnurablo eppowtments, was kuown og tho Groat Carsel. Heury VILL ordered a vease! to be constricted in avery reapect lke it, to bear him across the ea to ihe famons nieeting with the Freoch sovercigu on the Field of the Cloth of Gold. Unfortunately, the Froneh carack wae burned on the evoof ta departure to meet tho English aquadron and convoy King Henry to the Gallic coast, An ex: act modal of thin celebrate: vesnol wan butit at Vonice. sud manoed with 500 axilors ang armed mith 300 guns. This also mot with a fata! disas- ter, being overturved in a terrible hurricane and snnk in sight of thecity. p But, numoroua wud extonsive as wore the fleets assembled for various nautical exploits dur- ing the medioval ayes, they wera never crea:ed 0} sustained by the Governmenta which found ver: sion to usa them, A few yesxols were owned monareby and republic: not in enficient mumber to constitute nm meane of sttack or defense in a cou- test with a powerful enomy. Tie great foudal forda whoso ostates horderod on the cea were in the custon of keeping one or mora veu- pela fitted at their own expeose for war or for commurce, while the rch merchants of Vonico, Gonos, and othor seaport towas, cither individ- ually, or in companion, maintained flotitian of nailays and slips, Wheo, therefore, a sovereign needed the sorvices of ansvy in tho management of any outerpriss, the prosecution of w war or of scrunkda, thove of his nobles and subjects who wore slip-owners were required to arm aud equip their voseels for the accualon. 3 1f, by this means, s fleot of tho desired dimen- siona couid not be improvised, recone was Lad to allies and to foreign navios, oud veasole were bought, birod, and chartered for the purposo. Youe, when Louw IX, embarked on bis crue pades in 1246 and 1263, the merchants of Geuos, Venice, and Marseilles, supplied him with the necessary galleys and transporte. In 1245, Philinpe le Bel procured s fleet of upwards of $00 veswole to act against tho English in the war with Edward I.; and the Norwegians ana the Genoese helped to mako up tho imposing spurns: So, lug, the Gonoesh, centribated to the tleet equipped iu 1337 by jippo de Yslois aganet, Fanaa iil. ; to the nplondid floulia lont by Nicholas Bebuchet, at l'Ecluae, in 1340 ; and to the armada prepared by Franoia I., on tho coast of Normandy, in the uixteenth contury. 'Throughont tho Niddlo Ages, vessols Wore em- holtished with evory possible gay and fanciful decoration, ‘Mneir sails woro fre;juontly colarad with purple aud gold, ur tucy wors omblazousa with the cont-of-tums of tho eeignior wo owned thow, or, ia thy case of saurebant or Gshing-vos- eela, with tho image ot a sziut, with # ploun legend, ® sacrainoutel word, oF a sacred sigs, intended to ward of the iu- finwice of ovil spirits, Whea flaga po into use as siguals, they were cut in vartous ferni#,—anuare, brianyuler, rectangular, forked, auteo forth.—and utede of rich roate- rials, and often heavily embroidered. Uhowe in- tended for porely ornamental purpowus wero yonerally trimmed with fringes of gold and #flh, and duttored thelr brilliont folds from various puints of the yeasol. ‘Lube Normans caverol their abipe with Gags, banners, and poopante,— aumany aa 700, itis paid, sometimes, fouting from @ wlagls youel, ia adoring tho hull ot & ship, alt the art of the age was brought into requisition. Painters ugod their skill iu cover- ing ita surface with pictured stories in goid, » ated Vormilion ; poote composed motivoa ube enwoven ataid’ tie painted eymbels; and sealptore carved busty and figures to staud at the prow and stern, . ‘At jirat, shipbuilders overtuid overy ex- posed portion of the yeasel with & singe of pitch, bo procorve she wood frou Lite wetz0n of the wr and water, After = time, to 1oheve this gombre tins, 9 brighter coir, Propared, with wex, was painted over the witch. Pirates avy ered their slips with & cuxt of groou. to reudor them invisible at a dstauco; but barges of wate ana tao vessals of the nh wee resplondent in the gaudiost raiubow tints, In 1214, when the Gonouse wore al war with tho Pisats, thoy cov- ered their whips with Vormilign crommts painted. white ground, in inutution of tie arms of Monsieur Sainte-Wvorgus,” which were com- posed of *1ed eroseud Gn Bwilver ground.” In {is wiktetiath century, the hulls of whips wero ouerally paiuted red, and a paitery in blnok uad white wes sotaetimes traced upon it, or the Lull wai fogiee aud {be aor as follomng ehatelss: The new wi ‘ow! duction of guopowser wart lo comlog inte CARDINAL MEZZOFANTI. Daring 9 visit to Lologna in 1839, Mr, Charles Greville sought ac interview with the celebrat- ed Linguist Mozzofauti. Ho found him at his doak in the great room of the public librere, one of a large company of diligont readors. We give an account of the iuterview in Mr. Grovillo’s own words: “Ha received mo very civilly, and almost immediatuly toot me into another rovm, where I bed «long conversation with him, He seoms to be between 50 aud G0 year of age, short, pale, aud thin, and notatall remaknbio in countenance and mauner, Ho cpoke Dugliah with extraordinary flueucy aod correctuess, and with a very alight accent, I endeavored to dm tect some inaccuracy of expression, but could dt, though perhaps his phraseology Was occasionally incre tiff thun that of an Enghatuian would be. He gave mo, an acconat of hin baginotag to study languages, which he dil noe do till_he was of a mature ace. The first he mastered were the Greck wud Hobrevs, tho Intter on account of divinity, and atterwaid he begun tha modorn languages, sc- quitiug tho idioms of osch as ho became’ no- quainted with the parent tovgne, he had no narticular diaposition that w: child, and J was surprised kunuwleaxo of several louguages was of nu nacist~ co to him in niadtering others; on the cou- trary, that, wheu ho net to work at s freeb Inne gore’, he tried to put out of his hoad all others.. asked him of all modarn tan;mages which hie. preferred, end which bo considered the nehest in hiteratnre. He esid, *Withont donbt, the itslian.’ He thon discugned the gonius of the English language, aud the moris of otr pocta and historiavs, read, and mado me read, a@ passago of an English book, aud thcp exainined the etymoloxy asd pronuuciasion of several words, He bax unver bean out af Italy, or farther in it than Leghorn; tslks of ro jug to Rome, but says itis diifioult to leave lua library. He in vory placing, simple, end com- municative; and 1b 03 extraordinary, wath Lie wouderful koowledge, that he should nover havo written sud published any work upon lauguases.” Mozzofaul was a native of Bolugua, and waa, at the time of Mr, Groville's vieit, pulding tLe office of University Librarian. ‘Tho books in (uu library nurolored abeut. <0,00, and were ranged in asmnte of apaitments in excollent order. In 1831, Mezzafanit’ removed to Roma, ‘Two years lator he was appointed Becrotary of tho College of the Propaganda, und then Keeper of the Vatican Library. In 3458 he was raisod to the dignity of Cardival. Hin death oceurrod in lot? pba sisal are KATIE KING'S LAMENT, to Iitto, loneeutne apook ; doer s dreary moor d with love-larn look She joggud alonss And sang thi 5 ‘The! spoke te auguiats spooks erdure, Oh, whore ia lz, Oren now? Were hua that {alse, falas lover etray.2 Who used to prafte this bonny Lrow, ‘And aay my face Wan full of yrace? Alas, that I should be botrayedt ™ Eecause 2 wat not made of gaa, Of emanations, and such things, But honest rugs aud looking-glasst a arenes pad tne entold, ‘And ‘couse I had wo real wings, “« My eruel Jover jilted me, Sud celedsne false hd contd not eee That uniter ris end Jaga may be ‘The Uvetlost ghost ‘That over crossed ‘The dingy Acheroulic sea, “What did he want, the stupls, thing? Ee'poae wome vid miateris! Lize, Or Susan June Jobannab King, Rigged ont in shoddy Inported from beyond the axies! “Now I’m a good, square, honest ghost, And always w: ‘Tid Owen waties Aud raise a racket About his ears oa sure as fate” And thus this fiery littlo spook Did make things ively on that moor Of stor-diut ; as with sassy look Cha dogeed aluvy Aud sug this sung ‘Chat apoke the sorrows ghosts endure, Mew York Graphic, A Sentimental ihinocorow, A Paris correapondeut writos: ‘The Garden of Planta is mourniug the death of one of ite oldest pensioners, tue rhinoceros, which molan- eholy oyont tuvk place jnst at the moment whom the explosion of the petroloum warehouse at St. Denis startled Paria from ity morning salumbera. ‘Yno animal bad been in tho establishinont twou- ty-twro years, aad will be Greatly Mivsed by tho public. He'was of wo uusociable and irasciblo temper, and uot even his keepers vontured to take any Hiberlios with him. One day, boweyor, tho little lap-dog of the wife of the Director, ziven her by Queen Amolis, got into his bouse by squeezing in betwean tho bars of tho tren-work, Instead of killing the intruder, as expected, tho rhinoceros allowed the little creature to play with him, wcampering over bis back, biting liu neou, and playing off ail manner vf oportive tricka, Tho two became friends the ‘ wee-doggie panda sovoral hours each duy with bis undaimonatrative acquaintance, which put up patiently withall iteteazings, ,One day the rhinoverca madvercontly set hus foot on his little pot, killiug it iuatently, ‘The poor brute's grief at the catastrophe was pitixbles far two days it did not wat a particle of food." oe ‘foo Sharp to; ise Kidnapped. Prana the Hoatun Transeriot, It was in Colesvilly. Tho little fellow hed hoerd of Cbarlio Thugs, and didu't mean to Lave auy such fuss in iin ¢abe, Whon » suspicious logsiog wo asked hita to ride be acceptod, but when ho liad gone, as he thought, fer ouoagh, b imavaged to drop his hat. Not wishing to leave ao marked aa Gbjvct to aid possible purvusre, thes Inan aliqited to pick i} up, aud then the little de. qeereld wbrutexiat reaped the elas and took @ Hatie ekg aera Te y ri 8 semen, fo) ths owear to | I |