Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 21, 1875, Page 4

THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: 'THURSDAY, JANUARY 21, 1875, a en A a TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATEN OF BURSCHIPTION (PATANLE IN ADTARCE). aii, wel Omtnae Leenald nt this OMtces | Athy, bE Mable BA .OG | Sada 93. Pe Weekly 88 | Weatt 393-68 tisof ayoarat the samc rate. ° nt delay and mistakes, be euro, and give Post. ge address in fall, ineluding Stato and County, + ereittanceamay be mac either by draft, express, Post- + qcorder, of in registored letters, at our risk. TERME TO CITY SUBSCRINEN. Jolivered, unday excepted, 2i) conte per week liverod, Runday Incinded, 20 cente per week es THE TRIBUN: OMPANT, Corner Madison and Dearborn-cts,, Chicago, Ml. TO DAY'S AMUSEMENTS. Madison atreot, between wement of the ‘Strakorch Hyata-Pronpas, * Lol IY OF MUSIC~talsted street. between Mad- ADEM We Engkgement of John McCullough, “IAGO MUSEUM —Monros street, hetweon Dear- i ar marae Nears (aa Meb-Trap.” Afters evening, OPERA-HUUSE—Clark | street, oppzsite ues, Kelly & Loou's Minstrels, ** its OF hYR THRATR dolph street, between and LaSalle, ‘*Blagnolla, LDET nN SOCIETY MEETINGS, INNING LONGE, No. eular communication this 7 hui era Ara Feanested (3 Ne peer 8 0 . Ol, A, FP. & A. Mi Keeniny, Jan. 21. ‘Dusinges of sins uokara tars ety ord eo ror CITA TT Ey Sectetacr. WR MPAN ALL WE SAY.-FULL SET TRST GUM 58. Satisfaction or niones refi Satu gv bait the usual rates. aicCHd see INDEX TO ADVERTISEMENTS. g, firat~ Clarkeat, DP PAGK-City, Suburban, and Country Real Wanta 1 Rents, Finanetal, Boreding and os nd Ostrlazea. Lost ote. 'o Rents, usiness Chanooa, Hy; ents Wanted, PAGE—Al Fallroad ‘Timo- da, otc., atc. Thuraday Morning, January 91, 1875. 'r, SH. Wuitr, of Hartford, Vice-Presi- Cent of the Charter Oak Insurance Company and its financial manager, has telegraphed to city that no further advances were ever wired on Mr, Annen’s mortgages and curilies, ag Was intimated in some of the rercnuts of the Cook County Bank's sus- japsion. Over forty Republicans refused to voto for Mr, Dawzs on the Inst Senatorial ballot erday. ‘The Deniocrats, when they saw hat changes were being made from Hoar to Hawes, wont over in o body to Canes Vitanets ADAMS ; but too late to elect him, ‘tho opponents of Mr. Dawes say that he woald never hove beon elected had the j at 17@97 1-: Ttorugerats voted for Apsxe on tha first bal- fot. Out of such conUngencies lustory is made, ‘The Republicans ix Conaecticat mominatec fur Governor yestenles Jaers Lacv> Grey, Mayor of Norwich, «#h0 gozae days ago or- Jasaluss £8 gare in honor of the Presideni’s courae en tho Louisiana question. ‘That is the way thay rebuke the Demoerntic ‘“howtese” Gorn East. The platform fully approved of the President’s Louisiana mes- s4go en Ska course of the Administration yesterday and read, but not seted upon. thrvnghoaet, Some cf the sources o! e great wealth Six:em 2 ba in the possexsion of the Chicago str-Oz0an Company was disclosed yester- => tho testimony of Mr. Scnuyier R. Stax, business mannger of the Company, . the Ways ond Means Committee. unam ‘fessed to having received $10,000 of Xo Pacific Mail corruption fund. He said he kept it all himesif, and tho prcaumption is that he put it into the Jinter-Ocean. Tlenco the easy financial circumstances of that con- cern, which, beforo the accossion of Inenam, were not 80, Mr. Inwin, the chief con: Pacific Mail affair, who has been in jail somo days for contempt of the House, has flually agreed to tell all he knows. Ile despnira of being released on any other terms before tho adjournment of the House, and his health is so feeble that prulonged con. tinoment would probably killed him, So he yields, It would be foolish to look for any big developments by Inwm. Very little money passed from his hands @irectly to Congressmen, and he will not be obliged to testify us to tho disposition of funda disbursed through agents, He may, however, if ho wishes, put the Committee in the way of getting at most of the truth. Gov, Bevenimsor aud his wifo will doubt. Tesa feel highly flattered by the resolution passed by the Mlinois Farmers’ Conyention yesterday, approving of ‘their plain, neat, ond unostentatious attire, and simple, cor. «at address" at the publio reception given to ihe Arsociation on ‘Tucsday evening. It it is not an unusual thing for the Governor and his fomily to wear “plain, neat, and unosten- tatious” clothes, and if they are generally “simple and cordial” in their manners, a resolution of approbation was altogether superfnous, ‘Che Governor and his wife will understand, however, that the Associa. tion was really pleased, und meant to aay 50 in ‘a plain, nent, and unostentatious" way. Seven United States Senators have alroady been elected this week, ond the indications are that two more will be chosen to-day, The elections Tuesday and yesterday wero as fol- lows: In Delaware, Tuomas F. Bayarp (@om.); in Indiana, Josern FE. McDoxaup (Dem,); in Maine, Hannan Hasty (Rep.); in Massachnsotts, Henny L. Dawes (Rep.); in Missouri, Francis MM, Cocxreiu (Dem.); in Now York, Fuanow Kren. wan (Dom.); in Pennsylvania, Wruxrant A, Wattace (Dem.). There is good reason to believo that Coaupren will be elected to-day in Michigan, and either Gov, Gansen or Sudge Duxny in Nebraska, But the fleld is still open aud it is any man’s raco in Minne- sota, Rhode Islend, and Tennessee. Next Tueeday, balloting will begin in the Legisla- tures of Morida, New Jersey, West Virginia, and Wisconsin. The Chicago produce markets were mod. eratcly active yesterday, and yenurally firmer and steadier, Mess pork was quitenctive and. 800 per brl higher, closing steady at £17.10@ 17.95 cash, and $18.07 1-2@15.10 seller Feb. ruary. Lard was also in moderate demand and 6@100 per 100 Ibs higher, closing at $13.27 1-2@18.30 cash aud $13.95@13,87 1.4 for February. Meats were firmer aud rather quiet, 6 1-8¢ for shoulders, 4 1-80 for short ribs, aud 9 1c for short clears, Dressed hogs were moderately active but weak and lower, at $7.00@7,.60, Highwines were dull; 93 1-20 bid, 040 asked, per gallon. Tlour was rather more cctive, but unchanged in price. Wheat was nicderately active aud a shale firmer, closing at 88 8-40 cash and 89 1-20 for Vebruazy. Cora was dull and easier, sloving at G5 3-4e for January and 66 for February, Oats were quict and oasier, closing 62 3.8¢ eash and 62 6.8¢ for’February. Rye was firm Barley was qnict and ensier, closing at $1.25 1-2@1.26 cash and $1.26 1-2@ 1.27 for February. Hogs were dull and ir regularly lower, with sales nt 35,50@7.00, Cattle were more active and lower. Sheep were neglected and wen. a We seo the statement made that the ex. : penses ef the Government of the District of Columbia’ for this year will Lo $5,120,800, while the reecipts are estimated at $1,909,- 827, leaving a deficiency of mora than ; $31,000,000 for Congress to pay. Last year Congress paid $1,100,000 besides the special gifts aud the outlay for taking care of public prounds, Now, is this not going a little too far? Isit not about time to stop this per. petual drain upou the Public Treasury to sup- port the District "Government? - Is it not enough that the General Government take eare of all its own property there, withont aetually supporting the local Government? Congress will do well to give this matter de- liberate consideration in behalf of the people. The President sent a special message to Congress yesterday advoenting the appropria- tions asked for by the Chief of Ordnance in order to the improvement of our sea-const defenses, The Ordnance Bureau desires to ninke some experiments with rifled guns, paying therefor at the rato of $100 for each discharge ; also to change anumber of smooth. Lorex into rifled cannon, ‘Elie President, be- inga military man himself, takes a greater personal interest in these recommendations thau in almost any othors, and ho has for this reason championed the cause with some warnuth. Probably the whole truth of the matter is as wo have stated, and the rumors of war have no basis whatever. An all-important question to the depositors and other creditors of the defunct Cook County National Bank, is what ore the real resources of the principal stockholders to whom they inust look for their claims when the assets of the bank fail. In our financial column we present this morning the sub- stance of some doctments that have consid- erable significance in an estimate of Mr. B. F, Auven’s individual condition. Mr, D. D, Srencen, tho former President, furnishes a copy of the contract under which ho sold the bank to Mr. Anney, and exhibits a receipt in full from the latter for all the maturing paper Mr. Spexcen agreed to cover. We also give in tho samo colammn a list of al! the share. holders in the bank, corrected to June 30, 1874, their places of residence, oud the amount of stock held by each one. Mr. Monron’s proposed amendment to the Constitution of the United States, providing for a new method of electing President and Vice-President, was taken up in the Senato The full text of it is furnished by the dis- patches this morning. Wo regard this pieca of legislation a3 perhaps the most important lie life who hag been misrepresonted aud maligned by tho newspaper correspondents, nono who has made so many serions political blunders, none whoso ill-Iuck has so often overtaken him at critical moments of his carver, as Tesny L. Dawes. Credit Mobilier bhurt him, yet he never realized anything ont of tho Credit-Mobilier fund; the Pacille Mail scandal touched him, yot Wiitrnaw Rem now confesses that ho believes Dawns to be innocent. ‘The political blunders mado by Dawrs, to which wo have referred, were almost fatal to his Sonntorial nspira- tions, yet they proceeded from his head rather than his heart, ‘They wero the results of long schooling in the principles of party fealty, by which he was induced to afilinto and associnte with that mon- strous fungus of Republicanism, Bensastix FP. Borten. Dawes’ first mistake was in the Srusoxs affair; it cost him the succession to tho Senate immediately after the death of Susser. His second mistake was in assist- ing Butter to canvass the Essex District ; and that nearly cost him the election this week. But, when all has been said against him that can honestly be said, it imust be admitted that Dawes is nu honest man and an eficient public servant, Te is to-day, af- ter a service of fourteon years in Congress, a poor mau ; ond we do not know how thera could bo any better testimonial to his in- tegrity than this fact. His ability is well established by the position which ho holds in the Honse, nt the hend of the Ways and Means Committee, However inferior to hix illustrions predecessor he may be in mental poise, ho will at least take high rauk with his contemporaries, RESUMING SPECIE PAYMENTS. Whilo we gavo a qualified support to the recent bill passed by Congress relating to tho finances, we did so more because we approved. the sentiment of the bill than because of any faith in its efficacy to restore specie pay- ments, The chief merit of the act was that it divected public opinion to that end, and divested the timorous of the apprehension of avy instantaneous resumption. The Presi- dent, in approving the bill, zeems to have had a like opinion as to its efficacy, and henes he proposed additional legislation for a gradual advance of tho currency to par. The great difliculty iu the casoof the Unit- ed States is that we have what exists nowhere else,—a double suspension, The United States aro in default upon their de- mand notes, and the 2,000 National Banks are also in default. In England tho suspen- sion of specie payments was by the Bank of England only, In France it was the Bank of France that suspended, nnd tho same is true of Italy. There the suspension is the act of private cnpital undor the duress of commercinl distress or war. Thero the Gov- ernment, tv the extent of its functions, sids and assists private eapital in the form of banks to recover and to resumo payment. There the burden of resumption of notes, tho duty and obligation, as well as the sacri- fico of resumption, are thrown upon tho private capital and business of the country, out of the ordinary routine that has come before the present Congress, A change in the man- ner of holding Presidential elections is, in our opinion, almost essential to the preserva- tion of our national existence, and wo hope Congress will not delay to offer Mn. Mon- ‘Tax’s amendment, or one like it, for the rati- fication of the States. ‘Cho reasons for these viows have been ofton stated in the colunms of Tne Trintxe, and need not now be re- hearsed. It is shameful that the Governor of n grent Empire State like New York should desceud to mere partisauship in o public message, Yet this is what Gov. Trupen did in his mes. sage on the Louisiana complication, He de- liberately ignored the historical aecounts cf doings in New Orloans Jan. 4,05 furnished by the majority of the Legislature, by Gen. Srentpax's report, and by the report of tho Congressional Sub-Committee and the Pres- ident’s special message, Instead of that, he chose to assume that the United States troops interfered in a contested election, which was not at all the case, and utterly ignored the fact ihat the Democrats iirat called in the military. But we have two often told tho story of the Louisiana tronble to repent it now, ond only refer to it for the purpose of condemning so undignified and partisan o paper as Gov, Tr.pem prednced, The plan of holding a prize debate before the Legislature of Wisconsin to decide who shall be United States Senator for the next six years han been defeated by tho obduracy of Mr. Wasmmunn, whosays he has no sources of information on the Southern question that aro not open to the people, and refuses to declaim merely for the sake of declamation. Mr. Canrester says that, in view of Mr, Wasttnuns’s refusal, it is tho proper thing for him to de- cline; and everybody knows that Canrenter always docs tho proper thing. Nobody can tell, wo suppose, who is the parent of the iden that the best speaker on a given topic is the best representative Wisconsin can have in tho United States Senate. If, in the choico of United States Senators, integrity and pure morals, combined with rare powers of mind, are, as 1 rule, to be outweighed by pro- ficiency in the trickeries of speoch,the Ameri- eau people cannot abandon tho experiment of Representative Government any too soon, Tho iniquitous Choctaw reservation claim was allowed in an amendment tacked on tho Indian Appropriation bill yesterday by the Houso Committee of the Whole, When the matter came up in the Honse, tho wholo claiin of nearly $3,000,000 was reduced by $600,000, leaving it at tho modest sum of 82,400,000, ‘The vote on this amendment wag 130 to 98, Thon tho Appropriation bill was put on its passage, the yeas and nays were ordored, and it was re- jected by a vote of 111 to 120. Such virtue is there in a vote of record, Tho Choctaw swindle manifestly and confessedly killed the Dill. The Committees on Appropriations was instructed to prepare bill withor * the Choe. taw steal init, We can inform members of Congress who havo any further political aspivations that thia is a conspicuonsly bad year for the Choctaw claim. It has been lingering on tho stage since 1855, and wo hope will some time or other die tho death of the wicked throngh tho operation of a Constitutional Amendment for the Hmitation of claims. It is truly remarka- ble that Congressmen who profess to believe in the righteousness of this claim, and work for its allowance in Committee, yet voto against it when they are compelled to go on the record, ee We aro glad to join with the friends of Mr, Dawes in congratulations upon his elevation to the seat made vacant by the death of Cnanzes’Sumwen; and, iv doing so, we fully recognize the fact that tho clevation is com alderable, Probably there ia no man in pub. which cannot be prosperous until paymonts araresumed, In this country, however, we have the cmbarrassment of o double suspen- sion, and instead of leaving the question of resumption to the wealth, capital, and trado of the country, weall look forthe Government, which has neither wealth, enpital, or trade, to not only resume specio payments, but to fur- nish all the banks and the country with the means of so doing. Thea Government of the United States has no productive wealth, no trade, is not engaged in production, and has no resources save the proceeds of taxation levied to pay its current expenses and mect ‘objection is equally insubstantial. the interest upon the public debt. It has no occasion to issue commercial paper or dis- count bills; it ought not to be under protest aday oran hour. When it isin debt, and cannot meet its demand obligations, it should replace thom with time notes, paying for the uso of the money the lowest practicable rates of interest. ‘There is really but one way for the Government to deal with its creditors when it is not ablo to meot its demand obliga- tions, and thatis, to take up its over-duo paper, and issue in place thereof its time notesor bonds. That is really all that tho United States Government has to do with the matter of rasumption,—lcaving to the private eapital and business of tho country the bur- den and tho obligation of adjusting its affaira upon the coin basis, The United States have outstanding four hundred and thirty millions (including frac- tional) of overdue and depreciated paper, So long as this paper romains in that condi- tion, the two thounand and moro other banks will refuge to redeem their notes in coin, and will sit quietly indifferent, and, while holding the wealth and capital and money of the country and all that is available to bring about specie resumption, they wait for the Government to redeem ite notes in gold, and furnish thom with the gold with which to ro- sttme payments, Horo isa reversal of the rule that prevails in all other nations, ond it is duo to the attempt by the United States to doa banking business on a small scale, with- out capital or means, that it is placed in its exceptional condition, Now lot us see the effect which would follow if the Government would abundon its anomalous position of ir. redeemable-cmrency manufacturer, Instead of issuing bonds and selling them for gold with which to purchase greenbacks,J and then reissuing tho grecnbacka, and selling more bonds to take them up, and repenting that operation nntil every bauk in the United States is filled with coin and furnished with tho means of resuming specie payments, suppose it offer to the holders of the green. backs, instead of gold, which it'has not, a 4 per cont gold bond payable in thirty or forty years,—in other words, the very bond which has already beon provided by Congress for funding purposes, ‘Tho act was pussed during Mr. Boutwell’s Secretaryehip of the Treasury, providing for the issuing of 300,000,000 of 5 per cents, 500,000, 000 of 4 1-2 per cents, and 8700,000,000 of 4 por cents, to bo sold at par for coin, and with tho proceeds purchasa 5-20 6 per cent bonds, But it is manifestly absurd to expect par in gold for those 4 per cents. But they would be just the kind of bond into which to allow note-lolders to convert their green- backs. Suppose that the holders of greenbacka were permitted to exchange them for those 4 per cent gold bonds, what would be tho ef- fect? Tho frat effect would be to raise the value of the greenbacks 2, 3,or 4 per cent, and make them worth about 92 or 93 cents in gold to start with, and at tho same tino to prevent downward fluctuations. An increased, value would be added to those low interost bouds by tho new demand, and the notes would appreciate to the value of the bond, because convertible into them at the pleasure of the holder. Thore would be no great rush to convert notes into thosa bonds, Tho conversion would he gradual, and would depend upon the amounts of idle money in different peo- plo’s hands, but the procesa would go on stendily all the time, ‘ho bonds would from month to month grow in value, and constant. ly become more popular as they increased in the hands of the people. ‘They wontd bo equivalent to a kind of national savings bank for the idlo moucy of the people, paying the holder 1 per cent in gold every three months, Before all the greenbacks would be thusabsorbedand retired into those bonds, the latter would be so nenrly at par that it wouldoceasion the National Ranks no distress to resume specie payments, and no harm wonld be done to the debtor classes, But against this poliey there will bo urged two objections: 1. That it would contract the currency; and, 2, ‘That it would add to the annunl charge for interest. 'Theso objec. tions have no substantial weight. In the first place, the bonds themselves would be- come aveady aud acceptable currency. In all payments of $50, S100, 2500, or np. wards, these bonds would answer overy put- pose, aud would bo accepted aa readfy as yreenbacks of tha same amount. We had an illustration of this when the Government issued its compound interest % por cents and 7-830 time notes, which, though payable, in- terest aud principal, in greenbacks, were pre- ferred ag currency, and circulated as freely a8 the legal-tender notes, ‘There would there- fore be no contraction possible of tho availa- ble currency with which to make the larger payments, For tho smaller transactions re- quiring smaller sums the bank-note circula- tion would meot every demand. ‘The second The ad- dition of 4 per centinterest to so much of the debt represented by the greenbacks funded in these bonds would be en additional charge upon the Treasury, it is true, but the bonds would remain at home, would be held by onr own people and circulate freely among them, and the interest would be returned to the people to be used in production, and would in part bo paid in tho first instanea by tho enpital invested in them. ‘The capital in- vested in bonds which circulate as currency, and are used for the purchaso of raw mate- rial and in payment of wages for converting that materinl into articles of uso and con- sumption, contributes to tho increnso of property, and henco to the payment of taxes. ‘Tho country, however, could well afford to pay this 4 per cont interest for the additional value it would give to the national notes, and to the permaneney and stability which that value would instantly assume. The matter of additional intorest sinks into insignificance compared with the result of relieving the Goverument of tho grent, dificult, and serious labor, not only of redeeming the greenhacks in gold, but of furnishing the whole country with coin with which to resume specie pay- ments, 'The Government, by tho simple expedient of offering to the holders of greenbacks time- notes, or bonds, bearing 4 per cent, solves the whole difficulty of resumption of specie pay- ments by the Government, and places the ob- ligation and burden of general resumption whero it properly belongs, and whero in every other country it attaches, upon the banks who issue notes and who hold the money and the productive wealth and capital of the country, and through whom aro managed and con- trolled the commerce and production of the country. Itis this donble business of resumption, first by the Govornment and then by the country, that renders resumption dificult in the United States. If the United States would adopt the proper course, and the only course that a Government ought to adopt, that is, to offer the holders of its over-due demand notes time notes bearing interest, then the United States will bo free of all the embarrassment and burden of attempt- ing to purchase gold for the redemption of its own notes and the notes of all the banks, It will also escape having to furnish coin for all the importers, and al! the private banks, savings banks, and other fiscal institutions who would naturally fill up their vaults with coin out of the National Sub-Treasuries, as that would be the most convenient place for them to present their greonbacks when want- ing coin, By this simple method of funding green- backa into 4 per cont bonds, tho duty and difficulty of resumption would be remitted to the shonlders of the banks themselves, where it properly belongs. THE LOUISIANA COMMITTEES, Although the visit of the Select Committeo of the House of Representatives to New Or- leans seems to bo somewhat superfluous in viow of tho fact that the Sub-Committee has alroady made a very exhaustive report, it will havotthe effect to present tho other side of tho question, if thera be any other side to it, ‘The Sub-Committee, it is claimed, has given 8 coloring to its report and mado it in the interest of the Conservatives; but as the Comnnitteo which is now going to inveatigate is composed of three Republicans, Messra. Hoan, of Massachusotts, Fryr, of Maine, and Wueeurn, of New York, and bat ono Democrat, Mansnann, of Hlinois, we do not sea bit that wo aro liabla to have another colored report. If tho ono obtained its facts from Conservatives, the other may obtain its facta from KeLtoaa sources, s0 that there ia Ganger that the cou. test botween the two will be transferrad into Congress just as it stanils to-day in Louisi- ana, We can hardly expect many new facts, sinco the Sub-Committce went over the ground very thoroughly, but there may bo some additional light thrown on tho aitna- tion, It is to be hoped for the sake of peace and order in Louisiana and the goneral tranquil- lity of tha country that this Select Committee will do its work as thoroughly us the Sub-Com- mitteo, and that it has not gono to Louisiona with the narrow {dea that this is a question of ‘party necessity” rather than of public interest. -'fhere is no party necossity in- volved in the matter atall, The Ropublicans do not ask or want this Committee to prepare a report with tho purpose of indorsing party action. Tho Administration doos not stand in need of any defonge. Tho President's message has settled that point conclusively, aud even the Bourbon newspapers, which a waek ago howled against it so lustily, aro now relieving it from binme,—the New York World, which is tho great Bourbon organ, evon conceding that thu President can uso troops at hia own discretion to proservye tho peace, What the country wants is on ozact statement of facts in the cage, particularly with reference to the operations of the Re- turuing Board, which is charged with having been unjust, illegal, and arbitrary. It is not lookigg for any defenso of the Pres. ident or tha Nepublican party, or for any justification of Kytroaa, or for any further upholding of his Government. The country is vick, both of Krzzo0cu and his 4+ gigautic fraud ” of a Government, which is unable to take a singe stop without the old of Federal troops, and which could not atand twenty-four hours if its bayouct props were removed, If it hall happen that the Com- mittee comes to the same result as its Sub. Committee with reference to the couric of the Returning Board, thon Congress must dind a speedy way of compelling Kettoaa to step down and out, and of restoring the Con- servative members who wera counted ont by the Returning Board to their places. If, on ihe other hand, it presents 9 partisan report, then Congress nist inke the two reports snd determine between them in some manner so ox to secure to Louisiana 9 republican form of government and to the people their rights as citizens. Upon this point the Bos. ton Advertixer, a calm and ynoderata Repnb- lican paper, saya: ‘Tho country has wad enough of standing behind TELLoaa snd upholding his Gaverament. What roe niains is for Congread todo, Let as many investigate {ug conmilttovs an may Le necessary go to Now Oricaus, Dut let ua have the truth, and let na act uponthat, A hundred outrages de not prove that the Republicans are ita majority, What people waut to know 4a the re~ mult of a fair count of the Tegal votes. No confidence is to be placed in the Anding of the Returning Board, Tt bears fraud on ite face, Loutelans has nat a truly: republican form of government, Lis ruled by a Hee turning Board, Now the tlme haa come for Congress to sct, to plavo before the country the facts in uch a way that thero riall be no wiepicion of partisanship, to require that tho coutrol of tho Btate shall bo placed where a trio count of yotos shit show ft ought to ho placed. whoever may be counted in, and rertrict {he uso of the army toate legitimate aphere. If Itepubli- cau Sonators ind Congreeamien wish to save the party they will lo ao minst eifcctually by showing that it has no toleration for fraude committed {1 ft nautc, and no favors for those why are guilty of them, ‘There are but few except the most rabid of partisans who will not indorse this view of the question, and the Commnitteo should go to Now Orleans impressed with the fact that they are not going there in the interests of the Republican party or of the Administra- tion, but in the interests of tho people of the country at largo, and of Louisiana in par- ticular. Lf they go there with any other ob- jeet in viow, thoir visit will hoentirely useless and superfluous. The country expects them to place the Louisiana question before Con- gress, so that Congress can act upon it and definitely settle it. The country is sick and tired of the Louisiana uproar and anareby, INCREASE OF THE PUBLIC DEBT, The attention of the members of Congress who propose to voto n subsidy to Tost Scorr of a hundred and more millions of dollars must havo been drawn to the striking facts relating to the condition of the National ‘Treasury, What are those facts ? 1. That on the ist of January, 1875, the ‘Treasury was short over $4,000,000 of the means with which to pny interest on its bonds, and had to borrow that sun. 2, That the Treasury has been so long un- ablo to make its payments to the sinking fund that it now owes that fund over $32,- 000,000. & That the condition of the Troasury is suck that, notwithstanding we.aro in pro- found pence, the Government, to mect its current liabilities, proposes an extraordinary increase of taxation to mect the current ex- penses. In view of these three solemn facts, it is proposed by the Pacific Railroad Committeo of the House of Representativo to increase the public debt by a subsidy to Tom Scorr and his ring,—-that subsidy being the guarantee of the interest on'the bonds of the Railrond Company to the sum of $40,000 per mile for 3,100 miles, or an aggregate of bonds of ono hundred and twenty-four millions of dollaral Congress proposes that the Secretary of the ‘Treasury shall stamp these bonds with a yitarantee to pay tho interest thereon at 6 per cont, or $7,200,000 annually, for forty years. ‘Tho total interest to be paid to be $288,000,- 000, The security for this ia the railroad through n desert, at the end of forty years ! subject to a lion of $124,000,000 for the prin- cipal of the bends, ‘The proposition is, to increase tho national debt to a sum represented by on annual pny- ment of interest of $7,200,000, being $124,- 000,000. The burden of s national debt, or of ony debt, is measured by the taxation re- quired to pay tho interest thereon, Tho House Committee proposes a bill to lovy an annual tax, for forty years, of $7,200,000, to pay tho intereaton the bonds of Col. Scort’s Railway Company, which Company Col, Tost Scorr says owes Co}. Los Scorr's Credit Mobilier Construction Company eleven millions of dollars already. : The whole secret of this subsidy is that Col. ‘Tos: Scorr and his associates aro the Texas & Pacific Railway Company ; and the Toxas & Pacific Railway Company has con- tracted with Col. Tom Scorr’s Construction Company to bnild the railway, being a dupli- cation of the Credit Mobilier business, Tho Railway Company kos not a cent of capital, nor hes the Construction Company ; Scorr hag been flonting tho two concerns, and finds both in debt $11,000,000, whereupon he goes to Washington and asks Congress to add $124,000,000 to the national debt by giving him the acceptances of tho United States for 87,100,000 annually for forty years, and # committee of the Houso has agroed to report a bill for that purpose, and to recom- mond its passage! That Committee consists of Messrs, Sawyen, of Wisconsin, Sypuyn, of Louisiana, Kurtxavn, of Pounsylvanin, Tlovarron, of California, Wistass, of Mich- igan, Corwin, of Llinois, McDruu, of Iowa, Wet1s, of Missonri, Bannom, of Connecticut, Sranperonp, of Kentucky, Caramer, of New York, and Nesz, of Ohio, A majority of these gontlemen have concluded that tho Government ought to incroase the public debt by londing Tos Scott $7,200,000 a year for forty years, We submit to tho Republican party, which will have until! March 4 a two-thirds majority in both Houses of Congress, that the responsibility for thia enormous addition to the public debt must reat upon that party, It cannot be avoided. It makes no differenco if every Democrat in Congress votes for the bill, the Republicans have the power to de- foat it, and upon them must rightfully rest the responsibility of the passage of any such scandalous and corrupt legislation. How can Ropublicen leaders tell tho coun- try that, while the Treasury Department on the Ist of January had to borrow over four millions of dollars to enable it to pay the quarterly interest on the publio debt, the ‘Troasury is in s condition to assume the pay- ment of $7,200,000 interest on the bonds of ‘Tost Scort's private corporation ? Congress proposes to restora the tax on tea and cof. feo, amounting to olght millions of dollars a year; yet that tax, when restored, will be wanted, every penny of it, to pay the annual interest on ‘Toss Scorr’s $12,000,000 of ‘Vexas & Pacitic Railway bonds, Congress is lamenting the inability of the Treasury to make good the deficionoyin the sinking fund, yet hero ia a Republican Committce in a Re- publican House proposing to let the alnking fund go to tho devil, and still further in- ereaso the deficienoy by paying $7,200,000 interest, in gold, on ‘Tons Scott's Credit Mo- bilier Construction Company’s bonds, The proposition is so monstrous, aud in the present condition of tho Treasury so barefaced, that the country will assume that nothing short of the most wholesale corrap. tion would have induced the passage of the bill, If the Paciflo Mail Company could pay out 31,000,000 cash to purchase n subsidy of #8500,000 0 year for ten years, how much can Scorr afford to pay for asubsidy of $7,200,000 a year for forty years? ‘ho country will watch with interest the votes on this proposition to add $14,000,000 to the publie debt. en ererecnenneens EDUCATIONAL SUFFRAGE, “Tpnorant aufrage,” said dastes Panton last Sunday, “ is government by a class ; and government by o class has beon tried and found wanting.” In tho face of this serious fact,—nono tho less serions because a man given to historical romuncing has put it into a fow words,—we anitising Americans are al- lowing ignorant suffrage to oxist and to sap, by oxisting, the very foundations of our Gov- erument. We aro making every officer, no inntter what his functions may be, hold his seat by the grace of tho ballot-box, and we oe puiting that bailot-box moro and more into the power of tho gutter and grog-shop. Our very Judges havo to pick, their soiled ermine from the kennels where human dogs riot, If this process goes on mnech longer, wo shall live in the Disunited States,—in the States torn apart and inte pieces by the dead weight of corruption, Wheu compulsory education shall hava mado a reasonable dogree of intelligence uni- yersal, universal suffrage may possibly be safe. Itisnot safe now. ‘Cho ballot is 9 trust, created by the State, given by the State, and to bo used for the benetit of tho State, not to be sold for the benefit of the trustee. The claim that it belongs to every man be- cause he has taken the trouble to be born and. to live is an absurdity, The community may rightfully require of the individual somo proof that he is fitto use the ballot before granting it to him, Some political reformers would have this proof consist in the possession of property. 'Tho objection to this is, that it would intensi- fy tho bitterness of feeling which already ex- ists between the rich and the poor, and would give money the power which should belong tomind. Moreover, such a proviso invites fraud. A watch has beon known to make fifty voters, It might be possible to attach different qualifications to participation in dif- feyent olections, Makes grant of monoy, for instance, depend on the votes of tax- payers. Probably the best possible system of property suffrage is that of Prussia, which gives evory man a vote, but makes votes count somewhat in proportion to the taxes paid by the men who cast them, Another and abetter reform would be to require proof of intelligence. ‘Thero are difficulties connected with this, A man can be drilled in a fow days to repeat a page or two and to write his name, and collusion with the Board of Examiners can secure his being called upon to read the very passago which ho has committed to memory, In New Haven, Conn., a few yearn since, the Demo- eratic leaders always knew beforehand the section of the State Constitution which the Board would ask the candidates for the suffrage to read, and the candidates would rattle if of at railroad speed, with o noble disdain of the fact that the book might bo up-side down or opened by mistake at the wrong page. Still, an honest Board can prevent such fraud. Every voter should be required to sign his ballot. A provision of this gencral nature would purify our politics by destroying the power of the men who now control for their own evil purposes tho votes of tho illiterate, Tho Tweens and the Butnens riso to power on the shoulders of the ignorant by using the ignorant masses, Educational suffrage would, moreover, spur men into study. It would bo a palpable prize for knowledge. Yhe diafranchisemont of the uneducated yoters of to-day is inadvisable as well as impracticable. But o speedy date should be fixed for tho resumption of intelligent and honest government by declaring thot on and after such a day every applicant for tho suffrage shall prove his ability to read and write and to give somo intelligible sketch of onr system of govarn- ment and tho history of our country. TOM SCOTT ON SUBSIDIES, Mr, Tuomas A. Scorr has told the House and Senate Committees on the Pacific Rail- road the reasons why ho yearns to build the Southern Pacific Road. Thoy may ba con- dened into five: “Its construction would give great vitality to many intoresta that are now suffering, and especially would it be the means of starting mills and manufactories and employing men now idle, and give au impetus to general business,” This does not prove the expedi- ency of building the road, If the Govern- ment should bny up an indefinite amount of iron, ties, bridges, ete., and fling all its purchases into the ocean, it would give a stimulus to these same special indus. tries, but at the expense of all others. The destruction of capital, whilo it really hurts everybody, is usually on iznmediate aid to the persons who must supply the forms of capi- tal that aro to be destroyed. It cannot, how- over, give tho * impetun to general business ” of which Mr. Scorr speaks, or general business thrives in proportion to the capital of which it can avail itself, and the destruc- tion of capital, whether it bo by throwing iron and timber into the sea or by piling them onan uninhabited waste, cannot but injuro the prosperity of the country. “A loan of the public credit to guarantee the interost on 5 per cent bonds and rot the princijat thereof will ennble the companies” to produce various wonderful results. This is an ingonious attempt to persuade Congress that uo liability beyond the interest is to bo incurred. ‘The truth of the matter is this. First-mortgage bonds to the amount of about $125,000,000 aro to be issued, and the Gov. ernment is to guarantee the payment of & yer cent interest on them for forty years. This will bo §250,000,000 intorest in all, In 1915, when the principal is due, the mort. gago will bo foreclosed. Then the country, in ordor to got back anything for the $250,- 000,000 already paid, will huve to redeem the bonds and take the road. The rosult will be thet wo shall pay $375,000,000, intorest and principal, and have an unnecessary and worn- out railroad to show for it, or elsewe shall pay 250,000,000 of interest and then have noth- ing to show for it. Rut, saya Mr. Scorr; Many millions of dol- lara of increased taxation will come into the Treasury of the United States from the im- proved business” created by the Southern Pa- cific. If we translate ‘ many "into six,” the ‘“jnoreased taxation ” will fail to balance the in- terest wo will have to pay on the bonds. And, in ordor to get $6,000,000 o year in this way, the woalth created would havo to aincunt to at least $1,000,000,000. The claim is thus a palpable absurdity, “The Govornment will secure groat econo- mics in the care and uuintenauce of its troops,” etc., etc, ‘This is some trae, but mostly false. ‘There would bo a little saving in the transport of the troops and maaitions as present required, but neatly the whole Haw of the railroad would have to be guarded, nog thus a greater expenditure would be thrus, upon tho tax-payers, Mr, Scorr's iifth and final argumont is thay his road would ‘ develop” everybody ang anything, We have already amply disproved this claim by showing that tho country through which it would pass has preciony little in it to bo developed, Wo submit this presentation of the Routh, ern Pacitle job, ag made by its most strennong and astute advocate, who sees * millions in it” for himself, to the country. Tn tho light of what wo havo slrendy published on thig subject, tho hollowness of the protendeg argument is apparent, RAILWAY (COMMUNICATION ‘WITH MEX. Mexico has caught tho railroad fover, but has not yet got it bad enough to hurt, In fact, ils subvontions—'stibvention” ig the mild way of saying subsidy—seom to heyy been wisely given, A mixed Mexican ang English company is about to build, with Goy, ernment aid, a road north from the City of Mexico to Leon, an important manufacturing town in the State of Guanuaxuato. At thig point, the irrepressible American railrond, builder is to appear and complote the task of putting Mexico and the United Btates into railway communication. Mr. Epwanp Ley Puusm has signed a contract, in behalf of the Internationat Railway Company of Texas, with Prosident Lenpno of Mexico, by which that Company agrees, in consideration of q bonus of $16,000 a mile, to build a railroad from Leon to a town called Laredo, on theRio Grande, This is to be done within six yearg after the completion of the road to Leou, Only 285 miles of track will then have to be constructed in order to unite tho Mexican system with the Texan, Chiengo is 1,39 miles from Laredo, It is now connected by rail with Rockdale, 60 miles east of Austia, Tex., and Rockdalo is but 285 miles from Laredo. ‘rhe contrnet betwoon the Republic ot Mexico and the International Railway Com. pany, if carried out, will undoybtedly be of aub. stantial valuo to this country. Its executionts, of course, more or less uncertain, for the lt. public may be # Monarchy or a sot of Repub. lics by the time the Company is ready to bk. gin work, and the new authorities may n. pudiate the bargain made by the old, Mor. over, the subsidy is 10 certificates, for the redemption of ‘whit 25 per cent of the{Custom-House revenuos t! Matamoras and other points on the Ia Grande are pledged. It may not bo easy ty roalize on these certificates, and n consequent lock of cash may cheek the work. If ¢' obstacles are overcome, and tho-necessas; 2,180 miles of track finally join Chicago acl tho Capital of Mexico, the United States wil ‘bo happily rid of much of their present pendence upon Cuba, ‘Tho products of Me: ico will flood our markets, and Spain will te forced to reduco the enormous export dutirs which sho now levies upon Cuban goods de~ tined for thia country. The merchants of the United States will have a new ficld opened to them. The Chicago drummer will make lifaa burden, even in the mud-built halls of the Montezumas, Prior to tho balloting for United Stats Senator in the Novada Legislature, the ony point mado against Mr. Suanon, tho sux cessful candidate, was as to the question of residence, tho Democrats claiming that le was not 6 citizon of Nevada but of California, and offoring a resolution that the Judiciary Committee inquire into the matter and ro port, which was tabled. Thestatement frou the Ropublicnn side gives some interesting facts relative to the hero of the Bonanz: He went to Nevada in 1864, and rosided in Virginia City for some years, until tho failing health of his wife compelled him to remow to San Francisco, whore he has estab. lished o family residence. He has al ways paid his poll-tax has always registered there, votdd there, niade his roturns for assossment and paid his taxes there, and his intention, both in law and fact, is to continue a resident of Nevada On the following day, Senator Suanon accept cd the ofiico in a neat speech, in which be pledged himself to devote his influonce toe he paid fa; at + Virginia. wards the development of the mining, edy - cational, and social interests; to favor ths resumption of specie paymonta; and never to give his voico or vote for further expan . sion; nnd never to vote for any renewalst , With regard to his © the system of subsidies. position a a partisan, the new Sonator de fined his standing as follows: In this convection I may say that while T hold fa ailegiauic to tho prinetples of the great party by wh sufftages I have beou elovated to my vost in the Hen of the United States, I shall never be itaalave, Whit over I bellove to be for itu interests, as connected wilh natiousl prosperity, will have my unbosltating aup port, But no mere party measure, no mere acheme which, in my Judginent, my {njure the natioa at homo or abfoad, will aver have mny vote, No party, whip wilt over crack successfully about any head. reform 1s needed, if abuses n10 to bo checked or do away with, if mistaken aro to be corrected, I shall at du the accomplleLmout of the ous and the extension the other within party lines but I will navorendearct to destroy & Political organization which baa given mo the power to be felt iu Stato or National politics, Vho ronolution of Mr, E, Qt, Moan in favor of a bill prohibiting the arrest in Washingtoa City of any person brought to that city witness before either House of Congress, wal not unnecessary, ‘Thero seems to he littl hope that the Judiciary Committee of eithtt Honso of Congress will originate a measure of that kind in the intorest of porsonal libe® ty n4 opposed to official insolence and pride. "The House Committeo on the Judiciary hasé docided, it is stated, not to report the bill» repeal the Ponann Gag-law of the last session. ‘That Committe consists of eleven politics! lawyers, who may abuso theirplece by defying public opinion, but that law will bo repealed, aud if this Congross refuse to repeal it, he i next House will have the public approval for doing sv. ‘That Potaxnp Gag-law was ported by this same Committee, and tho fate of tho members of that Committee is remark ablo, ‘he Cominitteo consists of Burieh of Massachusetta; Wrts0n, of Indiana; Pr LanD, of Vermont; Tnesary, of New Yorks Fnvz, of Maine; Ozesya, of Pennsylvaviss Wanre, of Alabama; Wann, of Ilnois; Er pnenoe, of Wisconsin; Porrer, of New York: and Frox, of Ohio. Of these eleven me bor, Mr, Fars alone hay beon re-electe Some of them were not candidates for * election ; others were beaten in the Conver tions of thoir own party, and the others # the polls, Of tho cleven, 'nrx alono will ¥ & member of the next Ifouso, Bome them, doubtless, are in favor of the repeal ot tho law, ond for their own sake wo trast the} will make that fact Imown, and not reat under the implication of an attempt in 1085 to revive tho worut features of the Seditl law, which, so Jong ogo as 1803, were co” demnod by the uation, the Wostern Union and Atlantic & Telegroph Oowpanies, which bas already sulted lit Gan, i'd slapping cat od