Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 20, 1874, Page 8

SUNDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1874--SIXTEEN PAGES THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUN the mouths of the leaders in the old *“War of | fair dealing on their part as of good judg- TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. RATES OF FUEECTITTION (PAYARLX I ADYAXCE). Ze Frepaid at this Office. Parts of 2 year 2t the same rate, To prevent delay and mistakes, be sure zad give Post- OfEce 2ddress in full, including Stats and County. Remittancesmay bemzde eitherby draft, express, Post- Office arder, or iz registered letier, at our risk. TERXS TO CITY BUDSCRIBKES. Daily, deliverod, Sunday excepted, 25 conts per week Daily, delivered, Bunday included, 30 conts per woek THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Comer Madison sad Dexrbos TO-MORROW'S AMUSEMENTS. ACADEMY OF MUSIC—Halsted d Mo 0. re; oatie Troupe. *La Eilio do Madzme Angot." M'VICKER'S THEATRE—Madison street. bel Dearborn and Sute.” Eagagement of Kdwia I HOOLEY'S THEATRE—Randoloh strect, batween Clark and LaSallo. CHICAGO MUSEUM-—Monroe af reet, batween Doar- born and State. ** Lancashiro Lass.™ vELL HALL—Madison streat, betweon Clack and LAty ho Cmila Urso Troupe. ARIAN CILURCH-Corner Prairie s AR atraan B G, B Subject: **To Lavgh or to Cry." SOCIETY MEETINI LADY WASEINGTON CHAPTER, No. I Anbuel communication Tuesday eveniag, Di slection of oficers znd perment of dues,” M: 3 cated . :Vrf.\?.u’m“ aay . J. FLOURNEY, Sec's. 5, A. F. aad A. M.—The heia Dec. 25 A1 Masanic KATIONAL LODGE, : d Halsted sts.zt7:30 o'clock, ‘mem’ 2anoal communication wiil bt pls, corner Randolph an cction cf oficors aud paymeat of dac Ders are bereby notisied to ba presect. A. B. STILES, Sec. ATTENTION, SI No. 19, K. A.J. QUILFORD, W. M. TR KNIGHTS I—Chicszo Command. —Anaual Conclave Monday_eveaing, lock, fer tho elsotion of officers and AU ombers ero perticularly roquest- CLATR, Recordar. LAFAYRTTE CHAPTER, NO.2 R. 4. 3L.—Hzll 72 Special copvocation Mernday ovening. Members and_Visitors S E. N. TUOKER. Ssc, st t. By order of rosent. By order o GEO. D. 4. CASEMAN LODGE, KNO. €8; Annuai communication fur olostion of ot of duer will held in U expeoted £0 bo prosant GARDEN CITY LODGE, NO. I, A. F. The anpnal communication will be Eloction of oft:cers, &c. K10 bo prusoat. Ly orderof o MASONIC.~The snnual communieation of Miriam, Cheptor, No. 1, Order of Eastern Star, will occar at Ac- Hall, 112 and 114 Ruodolph-st., Saturday evenlag, ent of dues and alection of oi- . bt 1iS.'G.F. BROWN, Soc. PROGRESS LODGE, NO, 224, 1. O. O. F.—A ipe- i megzing ill bo held o3 Slondsy corner Mitcheil and 1 zon of tho Ordor are cordinly favited to axtend, 2x azarest them, s LK ATNWEILER, Soo. BUSINESS NOTICES. WE MEAN ALL WE SAT—A FULL SET BEST £8.00. Sztisfaction or money refonded. Fill- . ratclass, insurod at very low rates. W.B. MCOHES. FOR CLEANSING THE LIVER, TO! Womach acd kidneys, it has b Dest citlzeas that Fostars Indian Healib Remewor sta S & SHARP, Wabishar. 50d Tw rored by some of our bladisan-gt., ELIS: Te Chicags Tribuue, Sunday Morning, Docember 20, 1874. ROGERT COLLYER AKD THE GEEMANS. The Fev. Ropesr Corryer, on Friday night, hed a plain, friendly talk with the Germans at Vorwaerts Turner Hall, and told them meny home trathsin his peculinrly terse snd simple manner, which will bo likely to re- ming, as-they do, from ore whom the Germans respect bothas & man and £ clergyman. Mr. Cornyer is neither e Puritan nor a Wasser-sempel in his personal beliels. Heis a latitudinarian in his faith and practice, and believes in a large degree of liberty. He is eremped by no personal prejudices, and the simple kindliness of his nature hes never been soured by theological warfare or dogmatic differences. For this renson he could go to the Germans as a friend and sympathizer and command their respect while telling them plsin, wholesome truths, Mr. Coruyee commenced his lecture with a plein statement of the reasons why he came to this country, when a young man, and among these reasons was the following : 1 wanted to be where I could fe bout my own Government, and cast a vote which ould count for 33 much zs the vote of They were more anxions about tht then wanted me to fake out my papers boforo 1 wes re: swear off from my 0id country,—for it ‘burt me 13 do thiat, sfter all, and beforo I knc's how to help run tho wachino, They hed been 250 things inio sbape, had fought for reeds salt in mach good, col el I had something years trying to pull Their brothiors and grandfathers om rgainst mine, and bought it blood, I think it cost me abont $3, and then I had all the rights they had, except I could not boa President, which is not's very desirable ofiice after il ‘when you know you cannot get it. Assuming that all foreigrers come to this country for similar reasoms, Mr. Cornyen then proceeded to trace the duties of the for- eiguer towards the country in which he set- tles and a part of which he becomes, and Peid the Germans o very handsome compli- ment 2s a nation : Of the hundreds, or perhaps thous Beve Liked with mt":n Rhese yewrs about ‘erent elementa that coma he tries, and blend with the Amorican paoesl et tomeet with the & “?m;;?dn nationality, I havo czn mar or w Who doex not givo tho pelm fo the German for indtie: the will fo take hold anywhare make things get alittle ahexd. ercto £od you every time, and . for torift, snd for witha will 50 asto Amesicans know wh That toespect when they do find yoc, They Enow you earn & doilur you kave a quarter, and put ouso and lot. Tlizt you give your children st aud kecp them warm, end send them to Youz wives prormiss 1o Ghey sou v ¥ €5 you on:yor 25d then eli Germazs aro sotent s their wives just 23 you did when the the old das3, when it was T the sea to hurl her bil- Thes know your wives don't hair, and ieave vou to o their full share, thsn their full ebare, & thoughtful Ameri- O are not going to by raising men and or wedding-day ; 10 mors use Bually than fo; lowe against Gibraitar, xit all U=y long in 2 Focking. < the iving, but taks Lold and sometimes's good deal more nd raise s famil, which makes «an wonder whetlfer by-snd-by § &t poscession of the continert ‘woizen to take the place of thoso Mr. CoLryee, after laving complimented the German in gener: 5 al, then passed t - tieulars. Ho liked S his music, his holidays, festivals, his out-door life, his erately exposes him- the Evangelical world + “My people Poetry and ert. He delib self to the wrath of With the remark TROrning g0 to chureh and on Sy 0CR many of them go to Turng a4 T say *Go ghesd” ¢This er Tall to hear 8 sun works in the frosted d it We have it We 2re sick and dys- the art of rest. 4 ure. You are to joy. I ssy ‘Teach us, “they’ any longer, certh. We 'neede have been at work peptic. You ara to teach us We have learned how to ends teech us how to en; because I hato to say when I spesk of America and Americans, This aureole will by-and-by play abont our hends and-our heszts als be our inheritance.” While admiring the thoroughuess of the German,—that spirit which does not ask, Will w thing pay, but Will it endure,—he has xo 0, and with right will sympothy with the clannish spirit so com- mon among Germans, or their effort to Ger- manize Americans, and has no hesitation in expressing himself on this point : These Americaus hevo been working ninety-efght years at the problem of self-governmeut, Most of that time thoy have been coutent fo be governed. Shall we not sit at their feetin thie, and let them teach us? Thelr wisdom has taught them a great many things we don't know, except from books, about the conditions of freedom, Ia it wise to zay, We Xnow botter?” Thay confer their franchise of freo- ‘dom on us without one shadow of difference Lstween the musn whosa ancestors came over in the Mayflower and the oue who got his papera yesterday, Shall we plot, and scheme, aud say we are Luglish, or Irisa, or Gerinzn, and vote in hordes on that ground to have our own wey; or shall wo hlend naturally with the po- Litical 1iZo of the country, am, each man holding to his own conrictions of what s rizht, voto without " refer— ence to bis birth-place? I know the Germans, 38 a rule, vote for tho larger and moro generous purpose and for that they have onc man's thanka: but I would prefer to gpa themn blend and mingle in the whole life of the ustion, and then out of that expect to seo the truth end right win, There is much wholesome advice in ‘ixe sbove words which Germans would do well to follow, apd they have all the more force coming from an unprejudiced man and a man who admires and sympathizes with Ger- mans and German life. All concessions hith- erto have been made from the American side. The German has never mada a compromise. He has brought with hiim his manners, habits, customs, and practices, snd wherever and whenever they trench upon American forms the American must either move or yield znd accept the German. The true compromise is in the blending of the Puritanic and the Liberal,—the Americanizing of the Ger- man, not the Germanizing of the American. Grant that the Germen has & right to his festivals, his music, his beer, his Ge- muetlichkeit, why must they be made offen- sive? Why should ‘they be crammed down our thronts 2 Why should they be presented in such shape as to shut out Americans by disgusting them ? Why should they be so arranged that the American can find nothing Americen in them ? Ko two nations could sympathize more heartily than the Americans and the Germans, for no two nations have more in common ; but that sympathy can nev- er be perfect until the German pays some deference to his convictions of what is right and proper. The American has much to take from the German, but the German hes mora to take from the American THE LATEST AGONY ON FIRES, Chicago is just now agitated by a contro- versy which is somewhat peculicr. Chicago has suffered largely by fire; not only has she suffered in the way of sctual loss of property and interruption of business, but, ever since the great fire, has paid heavily in the way of increased rates of insurance caused by her liability to fire. . It is hardly necessary to recall why the fire of 1871 was so destructive, or wby the fire of July, 1874, made such progress. The explonation was very simple. A .long drought, intense heat, whole blocks and square miles of wooden buildings, including stores, dwellings, planing-mills, and wagon- furnace so placed and surrounded as to pre- vent the possibility of its firing the premises ? ‘Would he not avail himselfof every means to introduce water into the building to be avail- able in case of any unforeseen accident ? In short, would he leave any precsution unem- ployed to protect his property from fire from without, or to prevent fire occmring within ? Would he not, if be found it at all necessary, have a wafchman on the premises at night to guard against accidents and to take instant action should one occur? To do all this would not cost, even in the first instance, onc-half of six months’ extra insurance now paid because of the want of these precau- shops; still more blocks of brick end stone, buildings, filled in liberelly with pine wooden barns, pine earpenter- shops, pine buildings of every kind; every building, pine, brick, or stone, covered with pine shingle, or tar, or board roof ; every large building trimmed with a8 heavy pine cornice,—zll preparad, os if designedly, as fuel for any conflagration that might offer. From the fire we refusedto learn anything. Tt is true that two hundred millions of dol- lars, supposed to have been secnred by in- surance, perished in ja night and morning ; but the average faith in the remedial powers of insurance survived. We suppose full in- surance against fire was more universal in Chicago thar in any other city in the world. This was due largely to the unscrupulous ' character of many of the insurance compa- nies. It was no uncommon thing prior to 1871 (and it may be so yet) for an insurance company to issue s policy for $1,000 on a tenement which cost not over $600, and in- trinsically not worth §450. In all these cases the insured honestly believed that in cnse of the destruction of the building he would get the amount of the policy. In this way every cow-shed and out-house in every part of the city was insured, and the owners were edu- cated up to the belief thata fire would al- ways be profitable. In other parts of the city, where buildings were better, stocks of goods large, and risks heavy, and where the law of insurance was ucderstood, there was a clamor for more ‘water, larger pipes, more fire-plugs, steam- engines, end hose,.and an enlarged Fire Department. Now, in 1874, we have precisely the same struggle going on. In all the region where the buildings are inflammable, the tenements thickly peopled, the streets narrow and unimproved ; where the planing.mills and manufactories of wooden wares abound; where the buildings are so many tinder-boxes and will burn accordingly ; where the insur- ance, such as it is, exceeds the value of the property to be desiroyed, there is an indiffer- ence to any enlarged or special expenditures for protection against fire. All this property :is for sale to the insurance companies at the prices which it is assumed the insarance com- panics have offered to pay for it. In the other districts, where the buildings are costly, and the stocks of merchandise large, and the insurance aggregates a heavy tox, there is ademand for low insurance by having a fire- engine for every block, an immense Fire De- partiment costing two millions of dollars, and generally a force equal to trampling out a fire whenever one occurs. These people want to transfer the cost of their insurance to the general tax-poyers; making every tenth man o policeman, fireman, patrolman, watchman, or telegraph-operetor. They want the means of extinguishing o fire rande so seemingly effectunl that the rates of insurance will be- come nominal. i The great mistake of both classes is that both depend on uunatural agencies. Suppose there were no such thing as insurance, and no such ngencies as a paid Fire Department with steam pumps, what would be tho matural policy of any remsonsble man? Would he expose a valusble building con- taining & costly stock of goods to the danger of fire from without, by having a pine shingle or tar roof, when, ata com- paratively small cost, he could have an unin. flammeble one ? Would he expose that build- ing to fire from without by openings in the outer walls, on aileys, and on narrow streets, when ata cost of afew dollars he could procure iron shutters for each of enid openings? Would he leave his building in dzuger from & fira in the zdjoining one, when at an almost trifling cost he conld carry his walls 3 feet above the roof,—when at a cost less than one month's extra insurance he could substi- tute for the small lumber-yard which he has on the top of his building, and eslls o Manserd roof, other material, in no way inflammable, and capable of resisting lieapand flsme ? Would he not instantly re- sort to these naturel means of defense? Would he not, before using, have sll the flues in the building examined? Would henot, take care that the joists woro protected from contaet with firo? Would he not have his tions. In a city where the governmental ou- thority was exercised as it ought to be, and these and other precautionary measures made compulsory, there wonld be but few fires, and their spread would be very limited. But the Chicago policy is altogether differant. The ono class takes no possiblo precautions sgainst fire, having a supposed guarantes against loss by the insurance companies ; and the other, with criminal obstinacy, refuses to expend an additional 1 per cent on the first cost of their buildings for permauent protec- tion against fire, preferring to pay 1 per cent per annum extrs insurance for the want of these precnutions, which, in any other part of the world, sensible men would provide anyway. The excessive insurance which these per- sons pay is, we admit, a heavy burden ; and to escapo it these persons now proposs that the city shall tax itself to maintain a Fire De- partment of imperial magnitude and of New York cost. The man who refuses to run his fire-wall 8 or 4 feet above the roof of his warchouse ata slight cost thinks the city shoald keep 8 steam-engine and a fire-com- peny, at o cost of $25,000 a yesr, to play on his roof in case the adjoining building should be on fire. The man who refuses to put iron shutters on the back windows of his ware- bouse, at a total cost of a few hundred dol- lars, insists that a fire-engine and company shall be stationed in that alley to Leep back any fire that may threaten his premises. The old story of depending upon somebody else to do what you can do infinitely better and cheaper yourself is written on every page of our history in this matter of protection agoinst fire. When tho ruins of two hundred millions of dollars of property were smoking in 1871, the proposition to prohibit the erce- tion of any more wooden buildings in the city was voted down; and the argument was then freclyusedthat, oven if fires did sweep the city, thero would be no loss ““if tho owners would keep the property well insured.” Public sentiment has progressed since then to the adoption of the measure rejected in 1871. The ignorance—we may say the stolid stupid- ity—of to-day is not confined to the old advo- catesof woodenbuildings. Itispeculiar tothe owners and tensnts of the buildings that average $1,000 a front foot in value, and which contain stocks of merchandise worth ten times the value of the building. These men ignore the laws of chemistry, and disre- gord tho plainest laws of canse and effect in 2 manner that would win the contempt of the rude architects’ of the berk lodges among the Indions. Putting a tar or shingle roof over a fivo or six-story building and stock of goods worth §250,000, anddependingona fire-sngine 100 feet helow the roof to put out the burn- ing brands, is peculiar to Chicago ; calling on the city to extingnish s blazing Mansard roof constructed of dry pine well soaked with oil paint, wher at a trifling cost the wood might have been replaced with incombustible material,—these ere the propositions, not of the ignorant, but of the wealthy, men,—the men who carry.lelf-million stocks of goods, own marble palaces with shingle or tar roofs, and place their faith in fire-engines, and fire officers at balls or off shooting ducks. OFFICTAL MISMANAGEMERT. ‘We have in Chicago s monumental pile that could not better illustrate the vacillating weekness and careless wastefulness in the general menagement of public affairs if it had not been constructed for that purpose. We refer to what is Lnown as the old Post-Office building, located on the corner of Dearborn and Monroe streets. Its history since the fire of 1871 is a series of officiel blunders. Itis typical of the radical differ- ences between the management of private affairs and the management of public affairs. Had the old Post-Office building been private property it would have earned a bandsome revenue for its owner during the three years it has been idle. As public property it has simply been a bone of contention, and a profitless eyesore, just as the fire left it. After the great fire of 1871, the Post-Office was one of two buildings in the burnt-district of the South Division whose walls remained standing and sufficiently secure to be put into shape for immediate and permanent oc- cupancy. It was the property of the United States. The Post-Office was temporarily lo- cated in Buxlington Hall, and remained there until achurch on the corner of Harrison street and Wabash avenuo could be adapted toitsuse. A very few weeks longer would have sufficed toroof theold building and arranged it to admitof the roturn of the Post- Office to its old quarters, for which it wounld have afforded ample sccommodation, The advantages of such i course were obvious. It would havebeen much nearerthe centre of pop- ulation than at Harrison street. Itwould have bad an important influence in bringing general business beck to its old location. Finally, the building would have been roofed over and rendered serviceable for about the same amount of money which the Government agreed to pay for one year's rentalof the church. The latter was leased for o termof years at an annual rental, we believe, of $25,000. And then an addition was built to it which cost §20,000 more. The failure on the part of the United States offi- cials to utilize the old building was the first blunder of the series. How much the various combinations for the location and building of 8 new Custom-House and Post- Office hnd to do with this blunder, we will not undertake to say. It may heve been due simply to the lack of judgment and want of economy charncteristic of most men who give up their private affairs to manage public affairs. It was o serious and costly blunder all the same. After the building had remained idle so long, depreciating in value by reason of its uselessness, and similmiy affecting all ad- joining property, a plan was conceived for the purpose of putting it to some good ser- vice. It was proposed to make an exchange between the United States Government and the city, the former ceding the old Post-Office lot with the building in consideration of s vacant lot owned by the city on the South Branch for which there was no present usa. This exchange was expressly effe 1 for the purpose of turning over the buildii ; o the Public Library. The advantage to the city was so great thet the proposition received the ‘universal approval of the -Common Council, the Board of Education, and the people of Chieago, and Congress was induced to sanc- tion the trade to promote so laudable & proj- ect. If thero had been the slightest doubt that the building would not be used for the purpose designed, it is quite certain that a stipulation would have been made in the act of Congress that it should be used for the Public-Library Building, and in caso of fail- ure that it should revert to the United States. As the lot exchanged by the city belonged to the School Fund, it was necessary that the Post-Office building should be deedsd to the Department. When the building came un- der the control of the Board of Education, that body ignored the equities of the con- sideration which had led to the exchange, and proposed to make the terms so severe that the Public-Library Board had to give it up and find quarters clsewhere. Here was an utter ignoring of the fact that the School Fund and Public Library are the property of the same people, supported by the samo tax- payers, and created for the benefit of the same population. The Board of Education acted as though it wero & corporation of another State or city, and represented an entirely different interest from that of the Pablic Libvary. Here was another blunder that could only have occurred under the mis- manngement of pnblic affairs. * After this the old Post-Office building re- mained as useless as it had been before, until it was suddenly annonnced that it had been rented to a theatrical mannger for some un- defined sort of show-house. The publicwere informed that the building had been rented for three years at $7,000 a year, the lessee in- curring the expenss of improving the build- ing for his own use. At the end of three years, or perhaps before thet time (for Chi- cago has already as many thentres as she can well support), the city will have an estab- lishment on its hands that can be used for no purpose of its own, nor rented for business purposes. Had it been understood that. the building would be rented on reasonable terms ond for a series of years, we have no doubt that it would have been taken and re- modeled into a storage or business. house that would have had a general and lasting value for the city. it is now, the Board: of Education owns 2 theatre building with a Mansard roof which is being covered with inflammable material in direct violation of law, and which will be a constant mensnce to the best business portion of the city. Here were three years of idleness and wastefulness, including & betrayal of trust, and, finally, reaching a misappropriation of the building which will make it nearly asuse- less as the cmpty walls have been, and only increasing our dangers from fire. Had the property belonged to a private individual or corporation, it would have been earning a large amount of money all this while. Its best purpose mow is to serve as a notica to public oficials—National, State, and Maunici- pal—to manage their public trusts more os they would their own interests. THEZ WAT OF TEE ROSES. We may fairly call the quarrel between the contending factions of the Good Samaritans the * War of tho Roses,” if SHARSPEARE is right : For women are aa roses, whose fair flower, Being once displayed, doth fall that very hour. Thers is another warrant for it. The con- tention of the Good Samaritans threatens to be as long and fierce as that of the Houses of York end Lancaster. We do not propose to wear cither the white rose or the red rose in our buttonhole. ‘A plagne o’ both your Houses,” say we. Tho people of Chicago are s heartily tired of the dissension as were the peoplo of England of that other War of the Roses, which lasted thirty years. It is time to put a stop to it. We want no truce. We demand an unconditional surrender of all sides to the public for the public weal. The present strife, conducted with all tho mali- ciousness and bitterness of women in snger, is a disgrace to the city as seen from outside, end an unmitigated nuisance ns tolerated at home. Thers waos never a raison detre for the Good Samaritans. They were organized ostensibly for the purpose of fostering a doubtful charity,—that of reforming aban- doned women. - We question the efficiency of co-operative repression of this evil. It is like the vice of intemperance in that, all the per- sonal, moral, religious, and social adverse in- fluences failing, it will bardly be eradicated by any public and ostentatious system of re- form. If anything was to be accomplished in this direction, there were already enough institutions to take charge of the matter. The Catholic- Sisters conduct o home of this nature under the name of ** Good Shepherds™; the Protestants have s similar place of resort called the * Erring Women's Refuge.” The discipline of the former, being more rigid, has probably cnabled it to do more in the way of rescuing young women and mere girls, who have fallen but ara not wholly abandoned, than the more lax administration of the latter. Both are subsidized out of tho fines at the Police Courts. More practical charities than either for the relief of ruined women already cx- isted in the Foundlings’ Hospital and the Lying-In Hospital ; for they furnish relief to those who might be unable to earn an honest living with the burden they thus dispose of. There ‘was, therefore, no demand for the organization of the Good Samariten Society in tho first place. Subsequent events have proved that the organization has been mainly o vehicle of notoriety for some of the women connected with’it, though we do not doubt that many ladies joined it with pure motives and an honest desire to be of service to n most wretched class of creatures. But others began by flocking to the newspaper offices for noticesgd their chief nim was to get their nam®F beforo the public. An in- sufficiency of official position in the Society . was probably the occasion of the first dissension. Then came sccession and the organization of another Saciety, to provide more offices. Not long after there was still enother division, and now there were three Sacieties) each having a list of officers as long as it conld be made. Still there was conten- tion ; evidently not yet enough offices to go round. We cannot undertake to follow the infinite ramifications of the divisions and sub- divisions of the Good Samaritans. We only know that, for some months prst, there has scarcely been nday when the newspapers have not hed the announcement of some new off- shoot or querrel. At lest it hes been neces- sary to call in the police to keep the two fac- tions of one of tho main branches from seratching out each other’s eyes, and pulling out each other's hair, and tearing each other’s clothes, and otherwise defacing ecach other's fair foatures sud garments. It must be an edifying spectacle for the women-candidates for reform. 'Wo should think the Magdalens would begin to doubt. whether reforw is so desirable os it is represented, and to wish that the Sameritans had passed by on the other side. ‘We commend to the leaders of thetwo factions the questions SmaxsrrazE put into personnel of tho regiment is excellent. and devotion to our native heathen, should be destined to go into the channels of worldly fry-pans, without snything to distinguish them from the fruit of other hens who do the Roses”: Pran.—Hath not thy roso a cankoer, Somerzet? Bou.—Heth not thy roso a thorn, Flantaganet? Meantime let us have peace. Let all the Good Samaritans withdraw and go into some other branch of reform. Wo would com- mend domestic reform to their attention; for charity begins at home. Thoy may possi- bly console themselves with the thought that they have afforded aunother demonstration of woman's unfitness for the administration of public affairs. But they must be content with this. If we cannot have an abandon- ment of the whole scheme, then the respecta- ble women associated with it (of whom there are many) should immediately sever their conmection with the Society. They cannot afford to lend their fair names and good graces to an organization that has destroyed all its possible usefulness by internal strife and a disreputable notoriety. OUR VOLUNTEER TROOEFS. The pubiic may not be generally aware that a military organizatiop of young men of this city has been- effected, and is known as the First Regiment of Illinois Militin. Six of the ten companies have already obtnined their complement of eighty-four men each. The The members are all young men from 20 to 20 years of nge, of respectable parentage, educa- tion, and of personal good habits and char- acter. The War hias educated a large class of thoroughly experienced officers, and the regi- ment has shown its good sense by electing its officers in every caso from these vetorans. To organize s regiment of soldiers is attended with considerable expense, and more so than these young men can ressonably be expected to bear. ‘This regiment is not, as we understand it, a mere organization for holiday purposes, to attend picnics and junketings. Tko men who composo the regiment have no time for such purpose. It isintended as an organiza- tion for the training of a body of men as citizen-soldiers, who, in case there should ever be need of force to suppress disorder and enforce the laws, may be relied upon as always subordinate to and at the command of the State. In case of a riot in this city, the Governor now would have to order to Chieago to preserve the peace such odd companies of militia s he might be able to pick up in Sangamon, McDonough, Kane, Coles, or other counties in the State. It is proposed to organize this regiment and main- tain it as a first-class military organization, always ready, always efficient, and always worthy the respect of the public. It costs, on an average, to uniform these men, $50each. The young men give their time and services without pay, but the tax for uniform is more than ell can stand. We suggest, therefore, that those of our citizens who can afford to do so contribute of their means ; let each farnish the ariform for one, two, three, or ten men, and thus get the six compenies already organized into uniform. There would be 1o lack of men to £ill all the ten companies—each 100 strong—were it not that the purchase of a uniform is beyond the reach of those who will join it. This is not an appenl to public charity ; it is an appeal to the self-interest of property-owners as well as to public spirit and pride. Instead, in case of a riot, of appealing to the Governor for a regi- ment of odds and ends from all parts of the State to protect life and property here, the City of Chicago can at lenst afford to put uni- forms upon those of her own sons who have voluntecred to serve in this regiment to en- force the lawsin emergencies. Can property- holders afford to refuse the necessary assist- ance and encouragement which this military organization requires ? SURDAY EGGS. The New York Obserrer prints*the follow- ing letter from a California lady to the Pres- Dbyterian Board of Home Missions : 1 inclose Misafons. weeks 260 T resolved ¢ you €175 for the Board of Home This money was raved 13 followa: A fow at all the eggs laid by my fowls on Sunday should be sold and tho mozey put into tho Treasary of theLord, The inclosed is Sunday ezg- money. Being the wifo of & homo missionary 1 nend it to you for the Board of Home AMissons. 1t will be fallowed by similar donations Lereafter, There is something very touching and pathetic in the thought that the Presbyterian hens belonging to this good California lady devote one day in the week to laying picus eggs for tho Home Missions. As the Obsercer indorses both the hens and the eggs, it es- tablishes the ebstract right of hens to work Sundays, and we have little doubt that here- after these particular hens will cackle louder than ever as they review their religious lays, and will pride themselves over the other worldly hens of their neighborhood, whose eggs, instead of contributing to the cause of Home Missions, either hatch unconseerated chickens, or garnish the tables of the children of this world on undevout toast. 1t seoms o pity, however, that these eggs, 1aid for such a cause, by such devout hens, born of such a kindly spirit of benevolence trade and finally land in angodly kettles and their Sunday work without any reference to the character of the day or the necessities of the Home Missions. There should be some way of indicating these eggs. A hen engaged in lnying eggs for the Presbyterian denomi- nation should be as sacred as the white cow of Birmab, the cat in Egypt, the wolf that suckled Roxurus, and the goose that saved TRome and her eggs. As other denominations will go into the business of Sunday eggs now that the Presbyterians have commenced, there is still more need for these distinctions, a8 Prof. Parroy, for instance, would not want to eat eggs laid by Prof. SviNe’s hens, and eggs Inid by Ropeer Corryer's hens would give Dr. Kirrrepoe the dyspepsia. There iz another point of interest in this Sunday-egg business. The Obsercer, spesk- ing of the Home-Alission business in general, SAYS: Thia a 5 very pretty instance of Christian benev- olence, and, having mentioucd it, we hzve oniy to add that not one-helf the amount pledged to pay the dobt of Homo Miesions and sustentation, by indiriduzls and presbyierics at the last Asacmbly, has been receiv- ed yet, Not onelalf tho moncy dotually plodyed! Thia ehows how little dopendenco can be placed on oral pledges made when men are specially excited. To these delinquent and untrustworthy presbyteries snd Presbyterian individunls we commend these patient and devont Cali- fornia hens engaged so quiotly and unosten- tatiously on Sundsys giving up their sub- stance, and even offering up their hopes of posterity upon the altars of. Home Missions. Will not these unfaithful subscribers have pangs and qualms as they contemplate the picture?* Go to the hen-coops, ye sluggards, and consider the woys of Dame Paprrer! It is little less than on outinge upon the hens that they should be espacted to make good the deficit of lazy Christians. . The snnouncement that the railroads run- ning out of Chicago to the Eastward. have determined to make up their local passenger rates on the basis of tiree cents to the mile is an indication not so much of s disposition to or the guilt of the candidate. American aforesaid would sneer at the argu- this most convenient method of whitewash- ing blackened rcputations. Every now and then, some political Rre Vax WiNkrLE pats in tho old plea, and is lnughed at for his pains. Alr. FErNaxpo Woop refers to his re-election as a triumphant proof that he does not derive part of his income from gambling-houses ; but the wicked world, sad to say, does not secept FERNANDO'S proof. Burrem, having claimed purity for some yenars on the strength. of his biennial * indorsement " by the Essex Distriet, is a little puzzled now to show why his impurity is not to be inferred from his failure to got last man to try tho ancient dodge is StoweLr, of Virginia. STowELL is charged, Congress. that topether, and argues that this (re-elec- tion) proves that that (charge of corruption) is untrue. trust, for SrowELL’s sake, that he has some better explanation to offer to the Committee on Naval Affairs, which is abont to investi- gato the alleged bargain. acted as brokers in cadetships too long. . e news of compogition and organizztion i Tho chimo of Bt. Sepulchre’s Cluzcl, London, | smang all othier parts of thountzal. 2 Now. 0 S has tolled the knell of many hundred vietims of | ticulsr combisation of orginds cleeedf? B0, pait dow has suffered seserely from the flying tones of the athletic youth of Christ's Hospital; and chant as time passes. Amcrica. Among the monster organ pipes nevertheless Joux Sxirm whose likeness is on- Zraved on every Government i bearer 35, Thera lies J:l;sv?:;w Rorthe roligious twilight of an English chyrey” ¢ 4 ful of the prosy sermons, or the musicq] kind, oF tho_quivering organ tones aboyg yoy 0% him. The Hartford Couran, iy ,“d this cx:rcnmnhnl:e, unfortumte’ly ':re to s circulating paragraph, pathatip or 1“ Heaey 23 the reader may choose to regard it ectiony Tostone marks tho gravo of Jors Surrg, . - - Xt_hu paid dearly for this TParagraph, received thirty-soven emphatic denip thas trach, and ninoteen excited indmdm‘,hh,“ d peared in person to demand g corTecti . Courant publishes soveral of the legier: 128 man writes from Exminston, M, tour 102 SiTa roposes beneath 3 hanggpe . JOTF erccted by his fellow-goldiors of anklux third Regiment Maino Afilitia; thy per 0 rolict of Jom Sxrrra insistaupan the pry ofacutof his tomberscted by her Lol ment. Had the railronds been disposed to listen to the complaints of the public, they" would have taken this action long since, and have saved themselves much bickering. We are inclined to think, however, that a new light has broken in upon the American rail- way managers, who are - beginning to under- stand that low rates attract business and in- crense the revenue. It is truc of all things that people avail themselves of what they desire in proportion to the cheapness with which they can obtain it. The man travels on business, or takes his family off for pleasure, at a reasonable rate of fare, who would remainat home under an escessive tariff. It-was demonstrated by the Delgian oxperiment that a reduction of passenger rates on railroads to a reasonable figure will sufficiently increase travel to ennble the rail- | fortnight of his domise at great cost. :“m“"l roads to make more money at the lower rate | B tho Rebol army 63:8 his name way gyt Suvrra, and that heis baried under than they were sble to malko at the higher. | O 4 il ‘granit, fl‘ba American people are 'm\tuxally s travel- :;x:h;iml:g:fl!;nil::‘n:x l:‘;el:‘u‘:;“g{“dm: ing people, and the rule will opply n this | thatical, thoy augeset a caation s P country even more emphatically than in En- | lesancss of statement to which tns ,.';;:: rope. If the railroads will make up their lo- cal passenger rates on a basis of three cents a mile, and through rates lower in proportion, and keep at a regular tariff, the public will be satisfied. paragraphist is undaly prone, P, S.—All communications on this sy} should be sccompanied by atcel engrareq o> grapka of J. 8., {0 prove the genninenegs o writer's claim to say anvthing abont him, L e e TR JOHN STUART MILL OF [RELIGION, Tnnee Essavs ov Rruicow, Mirr. Now York: enry Hoit ?&“}?f"" Tho uitersnces of great men, on thy gy questions _contomporary with themselyay always interesting and alwass signifioss, ey osting, as thio exhilition of their inost ety siguificant, baceuse they show what sl lessor men, with the same intellectus] um:: cies, will, by a slower process, give to the Py problems. The human miad hay i luxg by which it is govormod, a3 iavarisble ay fhe which presido over physical nature. Moo star, ing with the same premises must, it they resson. corractly, reach the same conelnsions, Thers aro thonssnds of modern thinkers who may rexg their religious future in the pagesof Stransg’ last book. And tharo are others, though nof g0 many, who, followicg out the pumi;m which they hava adopted, or grown into, or im| will azsume the preciso attitedo toward the ro, ligious guestion that John Stuart My} oceapies in the book beforo us. The maases of hy. manity move slowly; but they morve over the same road as their more gifieg brethren of guicker pacs. This ago has Proe duced no man more skilled in the art of think. ing by rule than John Stusrt Mill. X0 meaever thought more feaslessly. Noons, even by the confession of his enomies, ever sought after truth more eagerly or honestly. - In an aga like this, it eannot but be inatructive to examine thy resnlts reached by such & man oo the momentony quostions of Roligion and Morality, on the Xet ural Law, on Ged, Immortslity, Revelation, ete, The three essays in which thess sabjects arg discnssed by Mr. Mill aro entitled, respectively: Nature; The Utility of Religion; and Theism, Mr. Mill, in the Izst-named esezy, discusses the evidencos of Theism ; whether there & a God or mot; if thero bo ane, what aro His gualities or attributes; the immortality of the soul, and the evidences of revelation. In the investigation, Le never loses sight of the ecientific method; and the essays are, in consequenca, 21 axaminge tion of the religions convictions of the Coristisn world by the processes of Induction and Dedne- tion. This adds to their significance, since tkey are thus made to answer tho icqairy: Whatha Science to say of Religion after it has tested i «2laims by the same means by which it testa the claims of Chemistry or Natural Philosophy? Tho essay on Theism is the last in order of s quence. For gake of conveuicncs, bowever, m shall consider it first. The problem of Natural Theology, Mill definet to be that of God's existence ; and he approsche s it merely a3 a scientific inguiry,—for tha res~ ©on, doubtless, that he believes that in that wa; only should any question be spprosched. Ho asks whether the theory which refers all the phe- nomena of Nature to the will of & Creator is con- sistent with tho ascertained resnlts of Beience; and anewers, that thero is cne concention of Theism cousistent, snd another inconsistent, with the general truths of Science. Theideact s God governing the world by acts of variabls willis inconsistent, while the ides of & God thet governs it by invariable laws. is consistent, with them. The phenomena of Nature, he argues, tako place according to general laws ; therefor2, if thera be a Creatcr, His intention must havs been that they shonld so take placo; and, 1 being the case, there is nothing in scientific ex- perience inconsistent with the belief that te laws of Natare aro due to a Divine Will, or thif overy ovent which takes place results frozs specific volition of tho Premding Power. T he shows thero is nothing in Science to disprore the existence of a God. Whether there isao thing to prove it, is altogether another questics. ‘I'he argnment for a First Cause, says Mill, docs not ostablish tho existence of & God. Not every thing, but every event or change, must, 80 far we know, have a Cause. The permanent in Ns- ture we do not know to be an effect at all. Inall the changes of matter, Science discovers 8 Fel* manent element, Force ; and to this, if to aus- thieg, we must assign tho character of Fimt Cause. 3Mill will not edmit that Mind is the ouly possible Cauge of Force, for Will doas not create Force, and it prodaces motien only by convertiug into motion an smouat of Fores which already oxisted in other forms. Henco Volition does not correspond to the i%ea of First Cause. So far us humau expedeace goes, Forca kos all tho attributes of 8 thing eternal and uncreated. Nor can it bo said that Will is cocternal with Force, and the afig\n{lfl! of th:o order of the universe; for chemical actian, electricity, heat, etc., cqually witn Viill, bave the power of origination. Tho necessity of & TFirst Cause, therefore, affords no foundation ‘o ‘Pheism. Nor docs Intnition prove the num&’f:! of a Firat Cauee ; and, if 1t did, other agendied than Will might lay claim to the character, for reasons hinted at nbovo. Besides, Matter 20d Force had no beginning, and therefore nevied no First Cause ; since tkat Which never hrds beginning needs no Cause to produce it The argument for Theism from }'2: general assent of mankind, Mill g.,‘ no stronger than the last. To thinker, tho srgument from other peflr“: opinions has littlo weight. The ideaot 3G cannot be held to be instinctive, even by (B8 most extremo Intaitionist, because-evideac suflicient to engender it is universally adi to exist. Tho argument from Conscionsnesh likowise, is fonnd to be untenable. All ‘Lz argements evado scientific tests, aod awim judged by tho established canons of Indoeti 80IME DEMOCRATIC TESTIMONY. We printed in our last issue the substance of aletter from MMemphis to the St. Louis Republican, giving a statement of facts rela- tive to the situation in Mississippi, more par- ticularly to the recent troubles and wholesale marder of black men at Vicksburg. It must be remembered that the St. Louis Repubdlican is a Democratic newspaper, and has no sym- pathies with the negro or the Republican par- ty, and, of course, is not likely to have any prejudices in favor of the colored man. What are the facts as stated by this Democratic pa- per? First, that therecent troubles in Vieks- burg grew out of the desire of some Demo- cratic politicians to obtain control of the local offices. Second, that the Bour- Lons went into the election campaign with & thoroughly armed organization to carry the municipal election, and sue- ceeded by overawing the colored men. Third, after having carred the city, they deter- mined tooust the county officials whose terms lad not expired. TFourth, they compelled every white man who had his name upon the colored Sheriff’s bond to withdraw it, and thereby vitinted it. Fifth, when new bonds- men wero obtained, they tampered with the Grand Jury and the Board of Supervisors, and preventeditsapproval. Sixth, they then forced tho Sheriff to leave and sign his res- ignation npon peril of his life. As soon 88 the opportunity was offered, he re’ called his resignation, and cclled upon the citizens to aid him in holding his office. Then commenced a negro hunt, and sixty or seventy negroes were butchered in cold blood. Thisis the story ss told by a leading Democratic paper. If told in this manner by a Republican newspaper, it would be disbelieved and hooted at by the *‘Con- servatives” ; but, coming from a Democratic source, not favorable to Republicans, and lenst of all favorable to negroes, it more than confirms what has been said of this massacre as one of the first steps on tho part of the ex-Rebel * White League” to drive Republic- ans out of the State of Mississippi. When a Democratic paper says “Tho White League want the offices, and, believing they never will be able to control them through the ballot, they are determined to take possession of them by brute force,” is it not time that the United States should step in and assist the State Government to preserve order and guarantee its citizens their personal and ‘political rights? If thishelp is not furnished, how long will it be before anarchy will reign in Mississippi ? ANTEDILUVIAN ARGUMENTS. Just after the War, when loyalty was the greatest thing needful, a number of persons considered it to be the one thing needful. A man csught with his hand in a State or County Treasury would strike an attitude and proclaim that he had commanded a colored company during the great conflict for human rights. Rings of carpet-bag rogues issued millions of fraudulent bonds in the South on the strength of services more or less mythical. Henee arose the theory that “ indorsement” by the people at the polls cleansed a politician from all sin. The idea puts a premium on corruption, since the *“in- dorsement™ can often be got by dividing the spoils of successful knavery between the candidate and the caucus which conveys to him the popular vote. The abuses of the theory have long since secured its rejection. The average American regards the election of o man under suspicion as a proof that his constituents think that he hes been unjustly accused, or that he, although guilty, is better than his opponent, or thet his corrdpt gains will be shared with them, if he is re-elected. ¢ Indorsement,” then, may imply the belief of the constituency in either the innocence The average ment that it proved anything, least of all the indorsee’s innocence, as antediluvian. Politicians, however, are loth to abandon indorsed in 1874 The among other peccadilloes, with having | 17 Nature; sold a cadotship in the Naval School at ;:Z:gi:‘;v";";m;;{,‘;fif:ifi‘;m T s Aunapolis to one Scmoorcmart for $1,000, | (ore init, althongh ho acds that the fores 1 cash in hand. SrowELL has beon re-elected t0 | woperplly overratod. It is ssid, for instasch that the structuro of the eyo proves3 du}sflf’; mind. Tiie argument in Mill's own words {8 ¥ besutifully stated, and we reproduce :z.:'n:- The poris of which the eye is compos ! cano;nnns which constitute tho arrangement of %’: Farts, resembio oo another in this Vers remA ) property: that they all conduce to enabliag tROXLL tosce. These things beingas theyare, seca: if any of them wera different from » tho nimal, for the most part, would either 0L ¥ wonld not’ ses_cquaily weil. And this marked resemtlance toat we can trace am ferent parts of thia structure, beyond the gen Therefore, STOWELL puts this and We really fail to see it. We Congressmen have Iind, in every instance, 3 begi o x'ued:':rm, havo been brougut togather by 8 Cti% Causes. ‘The number of instances is UMDERILL, Rreater than this, by the priuciples of indacii? "o, Tequired for the exclusion of 3 s carrence of independent causcd, ing tecunically, for the elimination o are, therefore, warranted by the in concinding that what brought a et o getlier ras som Catiro cummot Lo them, = Sumnicl 28 the_elements agre S Stance of conspiring to produce sighty (T rome connection, by way of cau ta jer Cause which bmx‘w!:t s‘x.fi tmfl‘ S acs ot precedemh the hangman ; its gloomy etained-glasa east win- its chimes ring ont the guarters in o melodious Rich in tradition is St. Sepnlchre’s Church, both for Englaud and whick lie horizontally upon its flooring is a curi- osity. Itisseimpla slab of marble, raised to the memory of Jomx Sarrm, the original Jomx 2. ht, o Sanrs whose life Pocmanoxtas did not save, but | i O8MIPN & o) 3 pliting together of 154 TEAY e vone 32 iEn sy, can only be camnecied W3