Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 19, 1874, Page 2

v | i I | / name by mortgage on the bridge, its approaches P and appuitenanoes, an A BEPARATE PIROF OF PROPERTY, upen which the first and second mortgnage bonds feued for tho building of the rond should not bo binding. 1t gave the Company the tight to levy and oollact tolls for the usn and protection of tho bridgo, its appronches aud appurtenances, —aaying nothing whatever about the bridge be- ing & part of the continuous line of the railroad; Lut_distinetly provided that nothing fn tho net chall bo so construed ay_fo chango the enstorn terminus of the Union Pnclile Ruilrord from the + placo whoro it 8 now fized undor exivting Jawn, or to roleaso the Union Pacitle Railrond Com- pany, or Ite kuecessors, fromt ity obligations to earry tho Qoverumont mailg, troops, and snpe «+ plies, as ontabiished under exivting lnws, Ugon tho atrongth of this act, tha Company bulit the bridgo, aud tseued bondu amounting to £2,600,000 to rafso tho means necesanry, and sold them chiafly in tha London markote, with tho * distiuct understanding of thv law permitting thom to bo tha firat lion upon tha properiy, ag separato and distinet from tho balanco of tho In- wostments in the rallroad, npon whieh firat and second morlfinge bonde had beon nlready insued. Tho bridgo bonas wero nogotiated und sold in good faith, In the face of theso transactions, and contrary 80 provious luwu locatiug tho terminue, the Hougliton Uil virtually iopoten to fuvalidato the claims of tho bridge bondholders, and to deolsre tho bridzo a part of tho continuous Huo of tho Union Pacilic Railroad,—necessarily uaking them oho pieco of propetty, subject to fhe first and sccond mortgage bonds lssued to tomplete the road ; cud, by ite netion, repudiat- log the provious acts of Congross, and mnking the bridgo bonds comparatively null and void, Wo claim such actlon by Congress will bo a law in totrospeot, paseed for the purpose of invali- . dating tho righis of property, which eannot be i legal, as the Company bag done nothing to for- Feitits charter, and fanot in nraed robollion sgajust the Govornment, noither aro we at war with Groat Britnin, Tho passage of such a bill will, therefors, DX UNCONSTITUTIONAL Even wore tho bill citeetive, the lovalidation of tho bridge bonds would juvelve the Company in ondless litigation with the dofrauded bondhold- erg, sud produce no ond of diplomatis corco- spondonco between tho two Governmonts, ro- sultiog fu bad fecling from such indecisivo uction on tho part of Cougress., Henco we can 1egally and honeally come to 1o other conclusion thonithat the act of Faob. £4, 1871, is final ; that tho enstern torminua is nt Omaha; (hat the bridico ia & scparate ploco of Sropnrty, entiroly distinet from the railrond ; and that there 18 08 much propriety in nmyinfin steamship is a rail- voad-car, boestite they both requiro wheels, ‘T'hiora aro other points I might dizouss, butit 18 necdless. Lot tho mattor o carried into tho Buprome Qonrt of tho United Statos and TraTep, Mirts to Dincru-Out Goeru. From the New York World, Ono of the latest contributions to the litera- ture of the alcohol question is an eeeay by Dr, BSutherland, a Londou expert in nervous dis- orders, who, rogarding wineas* a good friend, but o bed enemy,” and recoguizing, morcover, the impracticability of total abutinenco in a social systom which includes dinner-parties, ovening ontortaimmnents with supper, otc., lays down for tho guidanco of ‘*thoso who suspect they nra taking Labitually 8 Inrgor allowance of alcohol tmlm i compatible with hoalth” thosfollowing rulod : # Alechalic stimulanta should never be taken in tho morning before lunch, Ifone be obliged to do so hibitually, it 18 cortain thit aleohol is gradually getting o bold ou the mdividual, whick ho will not ensily throw off. If, iu exceptional canes, & porson bo called upou to undergo uu- usual fatigue in the morning, and feol tho neces~ wity for & stimulant, nglase of boer may bo tlen, No ono in good besith should over take wine or spirits in tho morning. I nuy ono fear that ho 18 taking too much alcobiol, tho easicut way to himit_the quantity i and Poartys 10 drink the sawo allowaunco of tho same wino every day., T'his, for various roagons, ahould Lo brown sherry, and should bo taken a3 follows: Eituer two glasses after lunch aud iwo after dinner, or ono sud & half after lunch, tho sumo aftor dinner, aud oue with a biscuit iu the after- noon. Duiing luuch and diuner, water must be drunk, und wine talion ouly at the endof the meal, ¥ No healthy man shonld over taka moro Lhan foor glasues of wine duilv ks bis usun! allowauce, and should reduce thisto three if possiblo. ‘those who are uconstomed to wine should not tako les than this overy day, © Thoso who wikh to bocoin teotatalors should leava off nloohol very gradunily, aud tho period dm‘ing which,this reformason is brought about should oxtend ovor not legs than two yeurs. “No healthy man should over touch spirits, whether raw or diluted, oxcept undor- specially wxceptionul circumstances, as, for instance, af- tor groat exposura to wot or oold. Liquuers at dinner aro wlio to bo avoided. * Roughly epealdng, ouo tumblorfal of beor containg about the saino amount of alcohol uy ono winoglasaful of wine or Lalt o wineglussful of braudy. Ladies who oro in good loalth should take oue glass of shexry or claret at iunch; onoand n nulf ordivarily at dinner; ous slass of chum- pagne and ons of clarct at dwner parties; aud {:"?l glasees of champague with soltzer-water at alls. * Ladies in delicato liealth, whoare going to ridaiu the park, it they have bronkfusted eirly aud do not lunch until lute, wmay tase & glass of dry shorry aud n biscuit boforo starting tor thoir rido, *‘Mon, at diuner, way take a glaes of shorry with their soup, if they have not bed oue 1 the afternoon, no hoak; o glags and a bl of cham- pagno and one of Bherry or claret aftor dioner. 1f they will keep to this they may dino out ns of- tou a8 they like aud 1t wili not Lurt them. *At public dinuers the same rule should be obgorved ; but aa thore aro oceassiond on which it is almost impossiblo L0 avoid drinking 1auch, 3t is theu recomuended that thoy should elther avo n tumblerful of wator by their sido, and drink amouthful of it after overy sip_of wine, or that they should drink champaguo uud seltzer- water, halt aud balf, all through dinner, At Dails, tho rafoet drink us refreshmont in clarot-cup, DBad claret {8 the luast ofousive bad wive, A biscuit should be taken with it, Iv is astoniphing what roparativo powers there nre in & biscuit, * At suppor, under all circumstances, cham- ;Bgue should ba diluted with seltzer-water, f1bo champaguo bo questiounblo, clarot-cap whould be taken, or Leer, if it can bo yot, ** Wino shoutd never bo taken undiloted, os- ‘pecially on an ompty stomaok, when one is hot and dusty, This rule purticulwly applies to traveling, ** Brandy and soda-water should be avolded as rank poleon, Diluting tho brandy doos not des- stroy ite perniolous elfects ; and the sods-water, by fts butk, ncts most injurlousty by separating tho food from the walls® of tho “stomach, thus proventing tho gastric julee from Laving freo :Ixcconn to1t aud sesisting in tho procoss of disgos- on, *If theso rules have been negloctod, and o sovere bilious hendacho bo the result, nothing short of an emetic, which may conmst of a tubles Bpoontul of mustard in o tumnbler of hot water, will be offectual, “It n Fm’" suepeot that ho has taken had wino, and fear the yesult, itisn good plan to tako about 30 graing of carbonate of sode, on the spino night, bofore going to bel, *'The best kind of suppor to have at home I8 a bisouit and o glass of water.” In connection with the caution given above sgainst soda-water it muy bo mentioned that tho bavorage known by that name in England is uyurlly really made of sods, whoreas what iy erroneously called * sode-wator" loro is elnipic wator highly chargod with carbonie acid gos, and B)nnsg It‘l‘: l;zuo&mnb llh‘lml- With this oxcaption v, Butherland's rules are quito as applicablo to bl Jatitado na to England e ——————— English Lundscnpos, Thare {8 & drawback to the contemplation of an BEyglivh landsonpo that will not st firse tuought striko tho render. It hay oceurred, how- ever, to a writor in tho Allantic. Mo saya: “Ona Frelt divadyautage for any person desiving to ook at an Lnglish landscnpe is the absenuce of good fences to it upon : ita gronud is usuall too damp to pormit ono to lio ut full loogth, X amesod vory much the rail foucos of niyown gounty, I would come to a praity prospect, and tny legs ninking undor me, I would lnok abon fov & placo ta uit. The inkospitable landscaps badnos a_singlo suggestion, There wore o atones, and a hodge, of course, was not to bo thought of.” & —_— The Nincks Going to Lenve Gourgine #rom the Newnan (Ga.) Meruld, A tax fl, fa. was prosonted to un old negroin thin county u fow duye ngo, and ho wau politely informed by tho oflicor that if 1t wus not pail very soon hia pmporl( would bo sold, ‘Phe old man hocama veory indignant, sud snid : ¢ 1 ain't wino to pay no mo taxes, Wu'a all gwine to va dis country eny way, eud go whero doy ain't no white foikw,” Whon asked whero they wrore going, he replied ; * Wo's gwino whero doy ali't no white folke, X toll yery to Rumo, or gomewbar," THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SATURDAY DECEMBER 19, 1874--TWELVE PAGES, e e e ——————— ey DAKOTA AND IDAHO. The Proposed Division Those Territories. Why the Sohemo Should Not Be Carried Out, of The Measure Not Warranted by Present or Prospective Population. Some Fncts About the Settle~ monts in Northern Dalota, 81, Pavy, Minn,, Deo, 14, 1874, To the Editor of The Chicagy Tribune: Bim: That your editorisl warning against hastily moking two now Torritorioa out of parts of Dakata and Idaho wns just, overy ono ac- «quaiotod with tho facts must know. Without injustice, it may bo affirmed that thoro is no Territory containing o larger proportion of ATUD AND WASTE LANDS thon Idabo, ‘T'his is partioularly truo of the vouthern and larger part. Itis almoat impasa- ablo; ond tho Judgo who holds & court in tho western part, at Boiso City, must travel south- ward to tho Contral Paoiflo Railrond, aud by that onst lo Corinno, Utah, nnd thenco overiand northward to the place for holding court, in the eastorn part, ‘Cho intermodiato rogion ia oue of stone, gravel, alkali, and goneral waste, which la lordly rolioved by noticosble fertility along tho Lewin or Snako River, which traverses it from onst to wost. Xt may bo botler farther north, along tho survoyed route of the Northoern Preifie Ratlrond. But, if either part {s gonorally noor, if ot alt worthlens, it ia oqually an argument ngainet votting tho other off ag & naw political diviaion, . Idsho has an aren of 90,000 &quaro miles, and I do not believoe its best-informed citizens will claim that enc-sixthof this is nrablo, or of any uso for agriculture by methoda now known ; nob oven iu irrigation practicablo generally by great oxpense, aud certainly not economically, The amell population, which inoreases vory slowly, may bo g0 seattored in diferent quartors, upon the onsos a8 it waro, or where special trudo od- vautages have drawn them, as torender thoir political relations and civil governmont inconve- nient and intercsls diverse; but theso aro nob conclusiva in favor of furthor subdivislon. If such urguments should proyail, our mountainona West would bo_subdivided like Now Eogland, and few of the divisions conld hopo over to over~ talte in population the iucreasing uumber requir- ed for one Reprosentativo in Congress. That plan would effoctunlly dofoat sny mmbl- tlon for now Htates, ndditional Senators, and more rotten boroughs, if tho presout role for admiseion be adhored to. Tho factis, that the vreaeot subdivision of our terxitorial domain is practically ABOUT TIE BEST IT COULD DE, It throws populations togethor ns much as pos- sible, and Jeaves dividing lines amid_the moun- tainous and less-occupied country. When a Ter- ritory compriges n fow isolated and remota com- munities, ay is eomowhat tho case with Idaho, oach hod its towering ambitions, its spaculativo hopes, and ita leadors iu soutiment and spacula-~ tion, If each eaunot havo tho singie Capital, it casily consenta to help the other got anothors aud ‘tho intereats of tho Unitod States aro nok thought of in tho disoussion, 8o it becomes ono of tho most simple political problems for the man deemed most compotent to offect tho dogire of all, to combino the {ntorests for his olection. ‘Tho weaker portion concodes its support to tho oldor part, and gots tho goneral plodgoe in its fayor for o division. It it is oxpoosive now for tho United Btates to carry on tho Government and Courty over tho Jargo aren, tho division will pruolically double tho expenso._ There will be two sota of aalariod officers, two Logielntures, and two exponses for ronts and other 1toms throughout. 'Cho miloare for courts and legielators will uot bo so great in ench case, but tho total will ba gronter. —More- ovor, by & good system of genoral laws, tho peo- plo of 4 ‘Ferritory havo little, If any, nced to at- tend at the Territorial Capital. The Logislaturo and Supremo Court aro tho only necossary causes, and division but slightly holps theso in- convenionees, Dakotn, howover, aske atrongly for divislon; nnd some of theeo objectluons MAY NOT AIPLY HO CLEARLY to this cage. Tho aren of the whola Torritory 1a 150,000 square miles, and ahont one-third of this is included in the groat Bluck Hilla and other Indian reservations. About onc-half of the ‘whole s of fair agricultural charactor; and this is mainly in the eastern part, about 100 miles deop, along the ontira castern boundary, The sottlement began’ and continuod chiefly on the Missouri slopo, in the southern part, where Yaunkion, the Cepitsl, in situated. Tho bulld- ing of tho Northern Paoific Ruilvoad through to tho Missouri Rivor, ncross tho northern part, started tho development of that region, which now demands a seperata Territorial organization uundor the name of Pembina. from a band of Chippown Indiang, and which has been for many yeers tho name of a num‘vronruflulvn nod now retrograde sottlomont in_the northienst oovner of tho Terzritory. The word is pronounced Pem-bi- naw, with the accent on the firat syllable, The Dbill for the new Torritory passed the Houso at the last aczeion, nnd faited in tho Sen- ato by n considerable majority. But, by Senator Tamsey's roquest, Senator Wright moved a ro- consideration, to give a chance for it passage upon more study ; and, upon that motion, action will again bo taken in tho Senate, As this is an opn question of publio interost, lot me stato the acts 1 I do not joln in the extreme criticlsm of some journals upon tho COUNTRY OF THE NOWTHERN PACIFIO. In Western Minunenota, and in Dakota, thero s o largo rich area, In Dakots, this is from 40 to 50 miles wido westward from the Iod River of tho North and throughout ita lon[;ch, It is wmainly prairie, and vory rich gonerally; is cov- oted with tho Lonviest grasa in summer ; and has nearly seven monthe of winter, or that period sshon vogetation i dormant. The railroad-con- struction aud _the spoculativa fover of tho time ntarted somo devolopiment and iuduced some sot- tlement, But a largo part of this actual aettle- ‘mont was speculative, Meon eamped and shifted I\lAeaa on tho bank of Red River, watching the ocating ongincera; and men hired by the railrond, or the speoulntivg land company it emricd, contonded nnd raced with tho freo citizons for the first chance at town-sites and contiguous lands, Enach clrsa got somo share, and thore were many bitter con- tosts,—somo of which, aven that for th ito of Bismarek, are not yot soitled. Then there wag ® BpundK occupation of ndjacent lands, and of the timbor-lands along the Red and Shioyenno and smallor atreams, Aftor that, {t praoctically coased, with excaptions I shall note, THE CODNTY OF MICHLAND, opposite DBreclinridee, Minn, tho torminus of tho 8t Paul & Pucifio Railyoad, hes mado u sub- stantisl and somewhat continuous progress in settlomonts along the Red, Wild Rico, and 8loux Woed Rivers ; and, st the recont elaction, with tho nid of omployes about Fort Abercromblo, polled 226 votes, This {8 one of the rich- est countion of land; has a moro ssttled population, larger in prupnman to ita voto than any otherin *‘Pembiua ;" and, moreovor, is the only Republican county ut loast that costs over forty votes, That community is agricultural, and somowhat ostablished. It will alowly sod atoadily tncroase, ” THE OLD PEMMINA is stationary or rotrograde, and so must con- tinno, Tho Hudeou Bay Company han & stare and somo enterprisn at Grand Forky, midway ho- twoen tho Northorn Paclfio Ralivord nod Peme binn; and about this sowe considerablo seitie- miont bas boen made, The voto of tho county was about 160, Dut that community is self- limited in ity development, It had one purpose and causo of oxistonco only, and that cannot greatly expand. ‘I'here aro other and smallor posta of tho ludson Bay Company,'at Frog Point and Ctoose River, farthor sonth; aud upon Goous River thevo is, for mauy wiles out, & cousidora- blo ssttlomnont, entiroly Seandinavian, drawn thera by food thnbor aud good adjncent lsuds, But this llinits itsolf alwo, ~dloreover, the Hud- ¥ou Bay Camnpany has o now Prosidont in ploce of Mr, Buith, who eucournged tho posts; and au oxaminution shows they do notpay, It {snow cur- vently renorted along liod River that thelr prop- erty will soon bo offared for sulo, aud theiv busl- uent withdrawn, Thoy havo lately peid out about 100,000 per sonum 11 wagos along the rivery sud, whito they witl incrouse the developmont littlo if thoy stay, their withidrawal (which s quite prol.mhla) will work advorsoly, Tn Cass County, YANGO~— the town at tho oronsing of thio Red Rivet of the North—i{s the most protentious community, It has the considorablo timber supply of the Red, Bhieyenne, and Maplo Rivers: and the Govern- mont balf of tho land {s taken along theso ntroams, and all within 10 miles from town on tho prairio 3 but I Lesitato notlung in snyly that thero it practically stops and has stoppod. Much of this oceupation was speculative, The praivio-olafma aro oiton abandoucd soon after itle i3 olinined, The Ratlvoad Company has sold considerablo landa, but they nre not ofton oceupted. Tho Lown of Fargo iu, In winter, practically dend. 'There i3 ono ponoral eturo, ono hardwaro atore, o Post-Ofilco nnd nows- depot, tha local Land-Ofico, n very largo and most excellont hotel, and the vemninder con- elets of numerons ealoons, Cass County polled 800 voten lant oloction, West of this, along tho road 60 miles, thora I an offort to found » colony at Worthington. Fow romain thero during tho winter, aud the futnro is uot certuinly bright, In fact, I was told it is uncertuin fndeed. Ono bundred miles brings us to Jamestown, on James River,—a small town, near which s Fort Boward, Thora is no agrioul- tural sottlomont whatover about it, and no pre- teuso of any. Thoy polled 63 votes, including all the railrond-cmployos within reach, One hundred miles furtlior” is the dashing, apocula- tive, and Lopeful DISHARCK, on tho Missouri, It makes strong pretonsions, and bears {tsolf in o manly way ; hag a good and plucky nowspaper, sud may sticceod, 1ta oxist- once is from tho tranefor thero to water-comn- munication, from the military posts and expodi- Uous, and from ugennlnuun, ‘I'ho county (Bur- loiglh) caat abont 600 yotos, though somo of theso woro from attached countios, ‘Thero i8 n yory slight agricultural population, but it hns no vigor a0 wuch, and thers i§ no particular claim mado iu this rospect. Thase aro all tho communities in Northern Dakota, aud thore aro not more than two or turoa that hayve ony kind of o pormanont and in- oreasing rural population, Theao aro Richlnnd ond Cues Countics, Most If not all of the othor gottlements on Ied River sro sclf- limited and non-progressive. ‘ho cold, long winter shrinles thom all to tho minimum of neces- nary occupation, Aftor tho tinber is occupled, tha praivios nro sottlod very slowly in so cold & rogion, dlany of tho rosideots nro railrond-on= ployes ; many othord seom to bo walting to learn whather the Tailvond will go forward with Gov- arnment subgidy, This {8 wholly improbablo; and, whon it fuils, and it the Hudeon Bay Com- ]nm withdraws, tho sctual remaining basis re- iablo to securs growth in good lands in the east- orn part, with & short summer and long wintor ; and the GUOWTH WILL BE VERY SLOW, Of the counties roferced teo, Cuus, Burloigh, and zll of any importance; aro decidodiy Dom- ocratio, excopt Richland, 'They would uudoubt- edly olect a Democratic Delegato in Congress ; awd Mr. Armstrong might ropain from Pombing, it his measuro wero sucoossful, what ho has loat from Dakota,—for he is » Domocrat, end #aid to loox to Fargo for residenco if Pembina stic- ceeds. Tho pooplo do not half-expect suocess, but look on it as a good thivg if thoy ocun got such favor out of tho ‘Goverumont. ‘I'ie Ropublioans can hardly afford to take the responsibility of tho now Territory. Tho Dep- oorntic members will doublless” opposo it, be- canso ik would give epublicaus more Federal offices to bo filled. ‘The poople of tho country can cortalnly not afford at present a singls now Torritory. If Northern Dakota bo sottlod and go forward in development, it separato oxistenco oy bo justified in o fow yoare. At prosont thoro aro abottt 1,400 votes ; and, from the large num- Der of singte men, railroad-cmployos, and ab- sence of largo rural sottlemonts, I beliovo the ropulation is not over 4,600. Thoy claimod 10,000 n yoar'ago. Outnido of tho railroad-mon, woldiors,” Government-employes at poata and agencios, there will not ko 10,000 at' tho end of another year, The voto at the late oloction wau simply & alrony bid for Goyernmont patronngo, which i the ife-blood and only solid hopo of many Territorial communities. This is not tho tiwo to subsidize speoulalive capital-cities, aud make places for hungry oflicials. ViaToR. —_—————— MECHANICS IN SAN FRANCISCO. 8% Fraxcisco, Deo, 10, 1874, - To tha Editor of The Chicago Tribune : Sm: Durlug the last eummer, and up to this dato, thoro has boon quito a rush to Califoruia of all classes of poaple, the majority landing in 8an Trancigco,—Chicago contributing thousands of skilled mechanics, No ono Lnows the condition of mechanics in Chicago Lotter than mysolf, and 10 ono would bo botter ploased to sco them como hore if they could botter themselves. But, when you take into consideration that this city fs only sbout Lalf tho sizo of Chicago, togother with the fact that thousands aro coming from all over the Union, it is easy to conceive that this placo will be overmin, ‘Lhoro aro plenty of me- chonios bioro (mora than thero is work for), and my advico to mechawuics {s, For the prosent, stay. whare you ure, Yours, otc., A. LAURENSON, —_— A Wild=Catter Answored. Hrom the Fort Wayne (Ind.) Sentinel—Democratic, For a calin, dispassionate, renily .philosophio statoniont of tho eituation, commend us to the @lobe, a littlo ovemng daily publishiod in Indian- apolis. In treativg on_quostious of finance it is somowhat more rabid than James Buchanan, Moerois & choico specimen: ‘1t seems infer- natly strunge, whilo trado and comwerco, homo and” foreign, flourished under the greenback regimo as thoy never had bofore, that unluss upccio puyments aro vesumed the busiuoss of tho country is_goiug hondlong to tho dovil, It 18 0 matter of history that thero was more ship- building, o groater degroo of prosperity, in tho United States, notwithstandiog the existonco of n torrible war, botweon the years 186% und 1869, than waa ovor kuown betore. Aud yet, nccording to the bondbolders and their mouthpiece,~~tbo President,—tho curroncy is fluctuating, aud therefore uusito to hold for logitimate transactiony roquiriuf mouey, That luet elauge is unusually rich.” Incrediblo ns it may e06In, suck idiots 08 tho writer of tho above oxtract are dolug incalculablo hurm. Thore are o Jargo vumber of workmgmen in cities, who havo no time or opportunily to iuform them- selves on this question of finance, and thorefore gulpdown without protest suything and auy theory, however monstrous, provided that it seems 10 chimo with their own desires. 'Tho editor of the Globe has eithor intontionully or through iguorauce made overy mischiovous nis- statewent, If it js o master of hietory that there waa more ship-building in tho country’ duriug the war than was ever kuown boforo, it i alio a matter of bistory that eomehow thav shipping hag gl disappezrod now. But tho major proposition is untrue, Tho ship-build- g earricd on during the war was for war pwpedes only, aud the uctinty in that branch of industry vias fur from belng & sign of prosperity. Thoso ships wore coustructed for tho solo purpose of deatroring lifo and proporty, and whon their fats) mission bad been accoms plished thoy wero sbandoned, and now tioy lio rotting sud rusting ot tho various nayy-yards of the country, DBut whatis tho snd truth usbout our shipplig? At the beglnning of tho war, aud at the ond of & long ern of specie-basie monay, beforo the incstimablo blossings of greonbacke had been onjoyed, our commoreial navy por- formed two-thirds of all our earrying trado, Now #ll that trado has boon surrendered to English, Treuch, and Gormun vessols, It doos notsppesr that under the "Lonoficont rogimo of tho groon- back-nonoy system that anything hus beow dono sineo tho closo of the war to rostors our navy to lts sucieut status, This culpablo neglect on the part of the Admioistsation has bLoon #e often aud Re severely criticised ss any other featuro of ite mismnanagemont, The caugg it not diftieult to find. It ig that of an irvedeemable moncy uud o senxelosy syslew of Ligh prolcctive tar(ffs. Au way montioned iu this paper o day or two since, tho high rated of ** pro- tection ” on ship-building materials, togothior with tho high pricea of labor duced by a falso curroney, huvo made it impossible to competa with foroizn nations, Wo cuunot, tharofora, build atifps. Our navigation lawa forbid tho pur- chueo of forolgn veadols, to the ond that home production muy bo stimulated. ITenco wo cun- not buy, Grosnbaclkes and protection hieve uwept our tloots from the high sens us eflectusily am the broath of the Lord swepnt away Sennachu- rib's host, Al thin i5 & matter of history,” ovon though it bo *iuforually strango.” What wze the uature of out iy greator forelyn trafilo” during tho heyday of the “flush times" of (he war? 'Ihe pgruhy“n of urms and munltions of war for which we puid out gold. This wan the euormous traffio which “modo things lively” and wdded to tho pros- any of shaildy contraotors at the oxponso of It capital whicli tho peopls of tuo nution liad for hulf a coutury boou hoarding up, ‘This vil- loluous musroprosentation of faots, thie nubstivu- tion of tho shadow for tho substunco, is the trlek of tho rug-tag mouey adyocates, Bome of them uge 1t movely na o political engine, while othors havo not tho Intelloctusl discriminstion to dotoct its fallnoy, Tho author of tho paragraph quoted above belongs, wo lave the charity to buliuyo, to the Juttor clasa, Ho does notintend to willfully misreprosont, but tho spirlt of Ane anfus is cortainly strlving mightily with him., Qoorge Potors, of Lobanau, Pa., confosses that it waw ho, und not his hovuo, that killed his wifo uixtoen years ago. Having esonpad death by puizon twlce, Liu'l ase 1t hio's ropo-proot alov; ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE. A Horso That Found the Way Whon His Rider Couldn't y Do It. llow Some Wisconsin Ants Rescucd Their Drowning Comrades The “Dark Ways” of a Florida Crow. Towser as a Detective and as o Mourner. THR IIONSE, \Editor of The Chicapo Lridunes In n recont TRIBUNE appoars a olipping e Turf, Ficld, and Farm, glving sn ac- st o porty of *Burveyora Saved by a " Asancvidenco that such iutolligonco " no monns confined to tho ** Indian ponlos,” .l following will be Intoresting to lovers of that noblo beast in general : In tho fall of 1801, wo were campaigning In Southwestorn liggouri ; and, on a very cold evou- fug, it boenmo my duty to rolicve tho chain of plckots in our front, I startod from camp with about soventy mounted moen, about an hour bo- foro dark ; made my olreuit, dropping tho nesw men nnd taking up the old; and, whon all had been rolieved, it had beconio quite dark, and a slight suow began to fall, and the wind to increase in forco. Wo woro now abott s mile and n half from camp, if wo werato follow the picket-line till wo struckthovond, but, in a direot line, not moro then half to throc-qunrters of & milo ; and, wishing to got iuto quarters bofore tho storm boeama sovero, I concluded to take a short cut for homo,—which, llke mauy an nttompted short cut, proved n very long oue ; for, aftor riding long enough to have gono soveral timen the distance, 1t bocamo apparont that wo did not know where we were, and I was forced to ackuowledgo that I was not o very good leador. Tn turn, soveral of my mon, who thought thoy could do botter, tried to load us; but sll tond purposo. It wns now nearly 11 o'oloclk, snowing and blowing n gale, with a fair gmapncz of our having to remain ous all night, hud notleed an unusual frotfuiness, and mdiaposition to sab- 1oit to my guidance, ontho part of my maro; and it flashed upon my miod liko nu iuspiration: perhaps ho can tako ud to campl W hed dis- mounted in a littlo ravine and bullt afiro, I gave the order to mount, and told the boys that 1 was going to try Botuy, and sco if she did not know moro than all of us. Wo moved out of tho raving, and, after gotting well oul ou tha prairie, I gavo hor the rain, As soou #u sho raulized hor freedom, I found her boariug off to tho left, und, m about ten or fitteen minutes, wo eaw & fire, which, on wveaung i, proved to bo the ono wo had just lott. Bho showed no inclination to go {nto tho ravine, but skirtad along tho cdge, until she roached o nar- row point, 'Llis sha leapod, and soon struck in- to 8 brislk trot ; aud, in twenty minuton wore, wo wero safo in carop, much to the l‘oy of all, for it was feared thut wo had boon bushed, On hovoral occasions subsequently, I testod Botwy's futoltigence, and alwayes with'the bost of results, Onep, haviog roturned at avening from a long scout, I found camp had been movad, aud 1 could got information only s to tho direction the rogiment bud talom, Aftor about threo hours' brisk ride, Botsy brought mo, not only to camp, but to my own company, and noyer stop- ped tUl abo stood in front of my tont. G, THE ANT. o the Editor of Il Chicago Tridune s Bm: Inoneof your lato iseues was an ac- count of the wondorful intelligence of the ants of South Amorica, I think I con contribute aomething to prove that tha ants of this portion of our Continent porsess equel intelligence, ‘Whilo rambling in tho woods on tho shores of Lake Goneva last summer, 1 discovered a com- pany of large brown suts fonsting on tho erumbs loft of a picnic-dinner. Their ropast was found on a stump, aud the crumbs of cakd ware in a littlo doprossion half an inch deop. The party probably numbered fifiy or more. In a spirit of mischioyous invostigation, I dipped up in my hands o littlo wator from the Inke, and poured it into tho depression whoro the ants wero feuating. A goneral rush for dry land followed, but all were not. nimblo enough to ea- cape. Several wera overwhelmed, and struggled for lifo as auy human would. A fow of the larg- est reached the shore; but what was my aston- isiment when I obzerved that thoso who had es- caped, after shaliing themsolves, signaled to others. and both toldly plunged into the minin- turo lake, und, switming Lo the rescue of their compauions, seized and drugged them out of tho wator! Somo scomed to recover immedlately, and ran nimbly away. Othors woro nearly drowned, and tlicso wero rolled and shakon by their reseuord, jusl as drowued mon are Homo- timos trosted in imilar cused. Iwatched their oiforts with tho greatostin- toreat, for they showed such dacision, codlnoss, und bravoty thut it commauded my rospoct, ‘They uaved all but two or threo frowm o watory grave. Theao I picked out, nnd laid down on tho dry oad in bight of thio unts, They would cowme up, ono aflor the othor, touch them with thewr attenure, and, finding thoy wore dead, go (mourn- fully ?) away. 1 watched them until thoy bad all left the top of tho stump. Thoy did not—at loast while I remainod—come back sud giva thoir brothron » decont burial, ns, appears to bo the custom of their South-American follows, Tor mauy yonrs, what little timo I havo, I have watchod closoly tho montal manifestations of wnimals, particularly cats, equirrels, and horses ; sud evory year tne conviction grows upaco that their intelloctuul powers, if culti- vated, would far oxcoed Our most sanguing ox- pectations, More than this, thoro are evidences of somo- thiog moro than o * blind instinet” in plants ; and L could norrato m»\n{ strunge hnbits of cor- tain plants, which would surprise tbo unob- Boryant. L. M, Have, TIE OROW, Plorida Correspondence of the New York Sun. The crows had Lept up o racket sinco dasm, Troes and pnlmotto serab wore blaclk with them, ‘Phey alighted in camp within 10 feot of us, nnd stols the provisions tho fustant our backs wero turned, Incessantly did they acold us. It was plein that thoy wero onxious for us to break eump 80 that they might pick up what waa loft. #1Pgll about orows,” sald Moore, while pulliog his moming pips, **thoy'ro tho most knowing bird in Florida, Yes, sir, their intolligenco is aboad of tho nigger. Thoy can tell u niggor from o whito men amilo off, and they kuow n shotgun from o rifle, Thoy know that thoy are of no account, Nobody hankers after crow-meat, and uo huntor wastod powder and shot on thom, Why, I've beon huntlng ana had tha orowa fol- low mo aud point out tho game, Thoy wora willing to tako their share of the work, too, and were satiaied with the leavings, If aman only Lnows how to tako im, & crow's just ns good au adog. Whon I'vohoen jumping a bear or a deor, I'va had the crows light on tho troca above ‘om, and elug out 1 ¢ Moro ko is,old mnn, dawn be- Jow'lorat o for blm1* And 111 ghot and missed hegr them talking to ouo anothor and asymui,' thoso crows would setually got diguatod, I could + 0k, ho's on old hombro—ho don's know Low to shoot,” But if I broughy down the gawo, thoy'd Horoum nud bonnco from tho troos and sall iu for thoir divvy. “Tat tho groatont casa of sagacity In o crow that I over saw,” continued Moure, ** was on the ocoun bunch, just weross the lower end of tho loke. List yoar mo aud n follow named Crowoll wero down ?mm vatohing turtlo, Wo used to olean 'om ou o bir beum of mulogany tant lind drifted ashoro. ‘Thore wero thonssuds of crows on hand o pieking up tho ontruils nud & svooping out tho shoila. ‘They wero so noisy that wo liad to boller to undorstand one anothor. You never 0o suph & raft of crows, 'I‘lm{l woro pratty shy along in the begiuning, but they lLont gotting boldor and boldor, and by and by thoy wallo, right up o the mabogauy boum, aud stolo the cholce stenks that wo wern knving for oursclvos, Wall, whou Crowell soo that, ho bogan to gat wmed, e swors ho couldn't stand 3¢, aud he liauled up aud gavo tho orows iwo barrels of duck-shot, Ilo Imd1 In & thundorin' charge, —a pailful of shot In ench burrel, You never moo euch & sight, It had been rainihg arows the buaoh couldu's Lave bevn blacker, You 800, this waa in the morning, ~ Well, for neveral hours tho erows wore mighty shv ngaln, but along in tho afternoon they took their chances onco moro and were around thicker Lhan over. "Phoy fonght smong thamselves for the sholle and tho outradly, but they gavo tho atonks wido bustt. ‘Thoy wero smart eacugh to knaw what the shooting was for, * Well, nmong tho flock wo notleed alamo crow, with n siokly kind of » eaw. 1o hud como out from under Crowell's battery with ono log gone, Ha wau o hinrd slght, Whou vio first saw Tuim hin wing was & drooping, nud e was o limpe ingg nlong and n skirmishing aronnd tor somo- thing to cat, with tho rost of thom. Wo folt porry for him, 1t you'd kecn him, you couldn't help but feol sorry “tov, - You soo, tho othor crows didn't giva bim a llving show. 1o would linve starvod: to death It we hadu't sympathized withs bim, nnd soou that he got bis share. Wo fod him the njcost chunks of turtle, aud he got 80 tame tunt he'd hwp up within 4 or 3 foot, end alinost ant out of onr Lands, Wo used to call i Banta Avus, becuuse, you seo, Lo hind lost s log, *Well,' continuned Mooro, **for gomo timo Santa Auna turned up rogularly for his rations. Ho soamed to bo growing weak in spite of all tho bullaing up we pave bim, Oue day we misa- cd bim. Crowell folt mighty bad, Ife nlmost crlod, *Poor Santa Aupa,’save ho, *couldn’t roost any piaco but on tho ground. Homo snake hns got ‘him, and that'a tho last of him.' You seo the bird Lad got tobon grest Mavorite. I felt as bad about it os Crowoll, and no mistake, Down hero in tho wildornoss, where you den't seo n white man oncein yoars, nfellow goty mightily attuched ton crow whon he's tooial liko nnd puts confidonco fn you. Wall, all that day tho craws kept a comiug inandn ripping away at tho lights and livars, but poor Sants naver warned up, I rockou If wo talked about Lim ouco wo talked about him a hundred times, “P'ho noxt foranoon, while we wore drossing n Dbig turtlo, wo honrd o fooblo kind of a caw, aud Crowell sung out, ‘Iero's Santa Anna again, as guro a4 you'ro born !’ and suro euough thore was tho little black cusa o hnxmin‘; along on ovo foob over tho saud. Mo cocked his hond on ono side, and soemed thundering glad to oo us, Wo wore hyporcano. Wo pioked out tho richiest part of tho turtle and fed bim. Woll, good Loxd, you'd ought to havo scon that crow eat. Ho stuited himsalf o full that he coutdn't holler. Yon could seo him swoll out like u rubbar ball. Tho other crows stood off aboub 20 feet watching him, "tho little hombre got all ho wanted, and then started off, Ho limped awfully for about 16 foot, nud I heard Crowell say, *Poor littla dovill I'm afraid ho'il never gou well.' Just thon the crow stopped, und kind o shool up his wing, Thon—uas I'm alive and a sinnor—he dropped muother littlo black foot, and walked off ‘ou two lega 18 sound a8 a dollar, Tho other crows sctup & michty cawing, aud all of them Hew nway together," = “Well," inquired Hammond, * how did he got bin log thxod [t wosn't Santa Anno- at all,” Mooro re- plied. **Somo other crow had played Bnuta Ane naonug, Our crow had beon eaton upby a 'pos- wum, Woe found tho fonthers aftorward, Aud," coatinued Mooro, turniny to me, * you won't bo- liova mo, but that elory's juat as truo as the Guspol—overy word of {t."” THE DOG. From Our Dumb 4dnimals, A friend in Nowport, R. L., senda ua tho fol- lowing: *Tho owner of a fino Nowfoundland dog was bonstlug of his sagacity and watehful- noss, and among othor things ealdtos friond, *You cnunot take tho smallest articto out of my houso that the dog ehall not know of it.’ A bet was mado on tho matter, aud ono ovening, the two frionds bolug at tea, and the dog seomingly fant aaleop on tho rug boforo tho fire, the uubo- liever, after a time, slipped & tos-spoon into his pocket. Tho evoning passod away aud the thing whaa forgotton by the bipod part of the company, tenspoon, bet, and all, Lator st night, tho guest roso, bid his fricnd good-bye, and weat to tho front door, but, s ho placed bis haud on tae lock, the slocping Argus stopped botwaen, aud mildly bat firmly forbade him to go out.” Canandaigua Correspondence s the Rochestir Democral, About noon on Monday laat, John Duuphy, o rospectable citizon of this place, who was em- ployed at Deckor's biacksmith nhu%‘,! fell dead whilo ongaged in shoelng o horse. Mr. Dunphy was tho owner of o emall dog of the shopherd breed, botween which ood bis master a great at- tachmont oxisted, Every morning they both wont to the shop, and, whilo Mr. Duup f wad ongaged &t his work, tho dog remaived playing around unil about 11 o'clock, at which time ha rlwaya returned home, aud oamo back with Mre, Dunphy when sho brought her husband bis din- nor, Mrs, Dunphy wont back alono, and tho dog stayod with his master till bis daily toll was ausud. ‘Iho faithful animal followed his mns- tor's remains howe, ond took up big place under o tablo on which the corpse was laid. Al che while ho kept up s piteous whining. Aftera while, hnying boon dislodgod from lns position with great difiiculty, ho woné up-stnirs aud sh‘ctc{;ud himself upon an old cout which his lost friond was in tho babit of wonring whilo at work. IHore ho continued to give ox- ression to lis griof o loudly that the: ooked him up in & koonmel in tho ymd, along with another dog whiot always remsinod around thoe house, Next day, when thoy brought him food, be refused to partake of it. In fuct, Lie mnover did partake of tho lonst morsel of auything nfter the death of Mr, Dunphy. Yesterday fo guawed biwsolf out of the kounel nud starced for the blackwmith shop. TWhen bo reached thore he smolled around the spot whero bis owner was in tha babit of work- jug, After o while hu scomed to renlize that his kind old friond wotid nover again stand in the snmo place; that nover again would Lo speak to him and pat his shaggy ead with affectionate foudness, Ho then ran back to tha honso, and up o the stoop in front of tho door through which his mastor’s remaing woro carvied, Here e guvo utterance to his sorrow in lougd and mournful howle, and fol dead a8 suddenly, and in much tho samo mauner, a8 his fricnd expired but two days bofore. Tho mustor died of heart diseaso, but who can doubt that tho dog died of a brokon heart? ———— RETRIBUTION. 1 Alurk, perched on s bending apre: Brl melodions Taabin-hytm, | Unhieading that o thing of proy Whoelod nourward on tho wings of sia, ‘But o'er it soon 8 shadow fall, TThe song waa hushed in stifled breath And, awooping downwurd wita a sell, ‘A "hawk boro off tho bird to death, . A punter o the onrly day, 1ils coura arrestad, Idly stood, Curning tho long ond tanglod way s oy had searched in vain for food, ‘Porchance to bit a shining mark ‘Hin usoless gun wus brought to reat s o fired i—~the hawk, gorged on tho Irk, Tecolved tho bullet in lila breast, La Pont, Ind, 1874, ‘AL E. Bums, Oblong Art. New York Correspondence af the Luaton Transerint, Muny old stories aro _told in socioty in New York, relativo to tho suddenly-wealthy but un- caltared pooplo who are anxious to have pictures in their pariova, Not long since a mother_and daughtor of this olass called upon s ludy on Titth avouuo, who had traveled extenavely in Euruf.u, sod whoso drawing-reoms were lined with fino plcturcs, Bhe camo, sho said, to ask advice alout purchesing picturos, o subjoct with which sho was unfamiliar, ** What kindof pictures do you profor " asked tho lady whoso guod oDicos wera sought. “Do you wish Inuducapos, o figure plocos, or marina viows#" Tio mothor auked the daughter, The daughtor didu't know, aud finally the mother #aid sho had intonded to purchaso au oblong pleture, if tho oould tind ono in tho murket; and thought a painting would bs choapur than o wmirrorl Auothor lady who had como into possession of & brown-stano hiouso, had it furnighed wnd pictured through- out, Showmng her friendy ovor the mansion, she snid, ¢ Yonooe I havo had my pletuves matoh tho carpote sud furniture, Thoso in the drawing- room aro pinls, becauso tho walls and carpot aro pink ; whilo thoso in tho dining-room axe blue! " g A Rivhop's Olusumates, Erom {he Molls (Al Heaisler. TheRov, Dr./Chomas U, Dudloy, of Virginls, re- coutly of Baltiniore, Lias heou olectod Wishop of XKentuoky, to sucsosd Bishop Cummius, doposoed. Ahl 'fom, mfi boy, do you romomber iho VDediln” of tho University” of Virginia ? What 10[11 tinies thogo wore? Now you aro a DBishop! Iarry Coulnan §8 o Judgo,” Otey is out West doalibg faro. Not long ugo we picked up Dat- torson an tho slroets doud druuk, aud forwarded him to Misgisulppl, Arnoll, of ‘Lennoatno, turned Radios], wont to Congross, and dled, Warmoth mado Konnard a Buproma Court Jndgo of Tiou- islaua, Thompron was killed loading an Arkane sas roglment ot Bhiloh, Al the roat of nu who aro not desd or forgotton aro struggling to keep our nosod nboyo water, You alono are Bishop, 1y doar o | From the nowspapor offices of tha Qulf, from the faro-banks of tho West, from Judiolol soats, from tho studies of Profossors, aud the pulpits of the ecoloslastics, wo talio off our huta aud cheor for tho now Kontuoky Liuhiop an tho beut sonlod follow, brightest {umllou‘, truost friond, end purest aplels old Virgiuin ever gave bivih o, FAMILIAR TALK, FNOLAND TN 1573, In 176, Tondon was o city of 60,000 fuhinbit- ants. A fow of ily largo adifices woro builk of utone, or of molded brickn, which bad come into uso nenr the beginulng of the contury ; but tho groater numbor of the housws wera constructed of woad, and, with thelr gablo-ranfs, oriel win- dows, pilt vaues, and mmmmoth eimneys, gave thao atracts n quaint and pleturoaquo look, Tha streety thomgolves wero nmwow and unpaved, aud {u an abominably-filthy condition, In wet weather thoy were nearly. lmpassablo, anl at night woro euveloped u perilous gloom, ‘I'ha only Hghta that glimmored through the dark- noss, acting s kindly boacons to bolsted travolors, were tho lanthorns which public. spirited citizens hung out ot thalr yaloways nt their own oxpense. Carringes wora not inbro. Auecod until 1680, and the ounly wheeled vohiclos in uso wero the heavy, lumboringearts employed in tho transpoviation of irolght and baggage. T'he noblo and weulthy made thelr journeys, ex- ourslons, and progresses, on horacbaclk; nccom- penied with a retinue sbeolutely easontial to s~ curo them ogainst aesaulta from tho highwaymen that nfeated oven tho most populous districts of London, making travel at night, and often at'midday, o dungorous uudor- taking, ‘When tho distances to bo traversed wero not groat, tho gayoab gallauts of tho court and city accomplished th-am on foot, ploking their way in tho mud and garbage, among thoe crowd of com- mon follc who bad no altornative but to wallk. X wonder," writes oncof the gosstpn of tho time, Just aftor conobeshind corao into frublon and tho rich ‘hod loarned the luxury of riding, ''why our nobility eanmot in fair wealhor waik tho stroots an thoy were wont; as 1 huve soen the Earls of Cumberland, Essox, Shrowsbury, ete., Dosides thoso inimitablo presidents of courago and valor, Sir Franeis Drako, Sir Phillp Sidnoy.” The Thomes way ot this time n cloar stroam, and #o much in favor as athoroughfnroe thut 4,000 watormen forind croploymoant in conveying assongors and merchandisa from poivt to poiut, I‘t wag E0 far superior as o chanuel of traflic and travel to Lho ordinary roudwnys that it was mado uso of wherover tho ocoasion parmitted. ‘'Pho old Norman or Anzlo-Norman wall that encireled a portion of tha city was still in o tolorablo stato of presorvatiou, from (ho L'lnmes at Lhe Tower to the Thamos ab Blucklriars, In tho interior of the dwellings of the great, walnscot and havyings weore giving way to plus- tor, Glasy was nob yet common in common hougos, nnd in the windowa of lordly mausious was 80 careully prized that, in tho ‘absenco of tha family, the anhios woro taken out aud stored away for vafo keoping. Wo read in the *Burvey of Alnwick Castlo, 1367, ** Bocause throush ox- trome winds the gl of the windows doth de- cuy and wasto, it were good the whole leights of ovorio window nt the departure of his lordshippe, nud during tho time_of Ins lordship’s abreice, woro taken down and luid up in safety.” Carvod furnituro was now coming iuto ropute, but had not yet been manufactured in tastoful or nxtistio styles. In fino houses tho immeuso chimuoy- piccon woie somposed of caryed wood; bat, in all tho dwetlings built about 1700, tho spluy of tha parlor fireplace was covered with tiles of Dolit pottery, which wore somotimes white, but usually covered with Biblo scenos, rudely drasn und colored. A Sumptuous tables glittered with silvor-plato; but enrthenwaro was scarco and of the conrsest charactor, Glass cups and mirrors had been in< troduced from Vonico, aud porcelain was import- cd from China and Japan in small quantitics; but wood was still tho materiul for most domes- tic utensils, ond cups and spoous were of horn when not of gilver and gold, IXnives wero ns yet n luxury, and forks by no meens univorsal. A lurigo sali-collar divided tho tablo when rogalty and nobility sat down to their dinner, which was sorved ab onzly noou, Above tho salt wero tho seats of honor, and the placo where choico viands and oxpensuro 'winos cirenlated; while bolow it tho bumblo guests, the clergy, and retainers of the houso, contented thomselves with plain food, washod down with home-brewad ala, Carpets lad not ontirely displaced tilos and rushes, ovon iu 8’ palaces; and, in Queon Eliztabsth's dining-lioll “and nudionce- chombers, o dhick gpread of rustes was euffored to lie for wueks—nuay, montha, togethor—with- out o frosh 1onewal: & noisomo brooding-place af foul odore, and deadly pestilenco. St. Paul's (Cathedral was o favorito placs of re- gort for the fashionables of the day, aud, from 10 to 12 in 1110 morning, and from Yto 6 in tho nftornoon, ita nisles prosented a zuy and nu- smatod speotaclo, Thore, young and luxurious idlers mot to goenip, nud “make sppointments, nud traneact triling uffaira of business, mnd to diaplay, whilo sauntoring up and down, their joweled rapiers, * thoir silk cloaks and sconted doublets, their Ilalian laco ecollurs and spengled plumes, their peach-colored hose, fringed guitars, aud goldon spura, Fuletafl says of Bar- dolph, *I Lought him at St. Paul's,” in allu- son to the custom of bartering uud bribing which prevaled wittin tho old Cathedral-walls. Whou quarrels aroso among tho hot-hendod gallauts usecmbled there, tho tomb of Warwick aflorded tho endangored party n socred asylum, Tho churcbyard of St Paul's was tho prinoipal placa for the pale of books, Tho modern bookutoro was not yet in existouco, Among other curioun fashious of the titnes was that of handing round rosemary at funorsls, and wine in churchea aftor woddings. B Goutlovomon on dress-occasions wora attired fn huge fardiugalos aud stavchod ruffs, with per- fumed gloves huvivg air-holes stampod in the polin, and **vast fans of ostrich-fosthore, sunk 1n handles of gold or silver half a yard long, tho littlo wirtor hanglug from tho girdle, and tho coquettish love-lock thrown over the shoulder, with o flower fastened at the end.” 1t must be acknowlodged tho pic- turo strikingly recalls tho bello of threo centurics lator, It was tho Earl of Oxford who preeoutod Queen Llizaboth with lior first pair of enbroldered gloves, 'Thoy were decoratod with tufts of rose-colored sill, nnd were itmported from Spain. Hor st pair of silk hoso crme from Flandors, but hor elockings of a common quality wero knit in England, the invoution hiv- g origluated in Scotteud at tho commencemont of tho ceotury. Of Elzaboth's oxtravuagmnt wardrobo overybody knows who kas read of ber 80 wigs and 8,000 dresses of marvolous material and manufacture. In tho inventory of these Inst aro * silks ombroidered witth birds, bozsts, boes, caterpillars, spiders, flies; suakos, and grusshioppors, suny aud fountaing, trecs and clouds, tnd ono allegorically covered with oyes." Imagine tho buughty Queen attited in ono of theso oxtraordinaty robes, with tho gorgoous and clnborute accogsorics combined ju tho costume of tho perlod; and low widely does tho figuro diffor from that of any baiburous Oriontal po- tontato of the hinetoonth contury ? It is diffcult to concoive tho tedioua affoctn- tions in speec and munners thiat wero in vogue among tho bigher cluwsos, Thorubury, fu Ins * Shakepeare’s England,” givos an amusing seeno oceurang betwoen twosimpering and cos wmonious fops who hinve ronched a doorway sim- ultanouusly, and, with profuse bows aud flour- wlios” of lollow politoness, contend s to who suall yield the other precedoneo ¢ s Mg yours, girl ™ & With your example, sir]"” # Not I, sic 1% Tt iu your vight!" * 1y no ponsible meana 1" “ You Liavo tho way!" *¢As I nm uoble|” * Au Low virtuous!® ** Pardon mo, sirl * * I will dio tirut 1" * You nro 6 tyrant in courtosy!” Al which id tinally endad by somo third party intervening with : 1 1'd rather be unmanuoerly then troublesomo. By your leavo, sir 1" Ludiea were also infeoted with the pedantry of tho ago, and variod Lhiolr trufing talk abuus ainds tors of the toilutto, or tho lust bit of g"ml" with gravo discourso in Latin or Grosk, or diligent roading in those learnod louguagos, and in Tronch ond Italion, Queon Lilizabath conned hor Grook Tastamont duly, aud_instructed hor Jadies, while bending over thio oinbroidery-friame, an tho loto of cluenio authors, With Ler coun= solora of Stato and tho accomplished memberd of Ler Court, ov with the orudito Profostors of Cambridgo und Oxford, sho converscd fluoutly in Latin, When lovors visitod thair lndicn, the mutual talk wan in a stillod, exaggoratad sl tull of ligh-flown compliment and ridiouloud bombuut, In tho year of which wo aro writing (1670), Elizubeth’ was {3 years of ago, nnd in tho _umluf. of her ton yoara' lelution wifl tho Dule ("Aten- oon, the youngest son of Cathovine do Madici, and still’ Incking o yoar of bin majorlty, Cocil, Lord Burleigh, tho tututo utatesnan who lield tho oftien of S.oxd Tronauver duriig twonty-gaven yoar of bor yotgn, was i the be.l}l yeur of Lils 3go, Loicoator, “tho Gypuy Lww,” whom Bilza- buth loved, but comld” nover britye horuelf to marry, was two years her jusior, aud therotore 41 ; while his hLuY.nnn, tho futuro Bl of Fuses, who wan, strangely enough, to succeod him in ihie afteotions of' Lis Hteyal mistross, veas at play with oall aud lite, o chill of 9 brlof snwmors,, Sy Waller Ralufih, # youug inan of 4, bad atol, roturned from e Low Oouncrics, wheva ho had bocn Jouding miplestance to tha Dutol in tuais strugelo with Lo Spanish invadors, and was now studying law in the Inner Templo. Dhillp Hidnoy, o tiavaled and accomplished geutlenan nt 22, was ulready ackuowledged tho chiof omament of Blizaboch's Cowrt, Bir Freancls Lrako hind ronched tho primo of 1ifa, 87, and was making a whort stop in Lngland, prior Lo his third voynio of discovery In the Wostein Ilemisphoro. “I'homnn Louckvillo, Loid Iuoke hurast, celobratod in letters as in nifalvy of Btato, Joint uuthor of the Hret Englih tragedy, ** Gor 'duhua. or Ferrox and Porrox,” and Lord Iligh Lveasurer after DBurleigh, was throo yonrs younger thau the Queen who lionored lim ns hor countelor, Hishop Hooker hnd entered into suered ordors ;. but, like most catlow preuchiors, ue %) had attracted no espocial notice, Shakspeave, 12 years old, wua a pupil in the froo gruinmar-school at Biratford; und Francls Bacon, iu his 17th yonr, was pursutug o studont's courso ot Canhridze, Tho poot Bpensor was thia yonr mada Maotor of Arts at tho samo Uni- veinity, having astalued the nzo of 23, and waa wenving rhymes for *'Llho Shephoardos Calon- dar,” whion ho publishod in 1679, ' Itaro len Jonson " waa an tnmato of the nursery, u 2-yoar- old habg, and, when he lifted up biy voica, jirobe ubly manifentod no divine instinet for riyyth or messuto, Drayton wan 18 yonis of ngo; Mare lawe waa 14; and Dosumont nn infant i swad- aling clothes, Stow. wus diligently expaudinz his. Curoniclos, oviginnily fssiuod in 1601 ; aud Liollinshed wes propating to publisl, tho oneus inue year, the firus odition of ‘hig,—tho * Blieke &peira edition,” o eallod from its having np- E“m the grony dramatist with materials for Lila ustorleal playn, Mary, Quoon of Sooly, had boon elght years her barsh cousin's prisoner, aud wag ut preesng longuishing m Boltun Costle,—o surpassingly buauiiful woman, desplto hor 34 yoars aud lioe wny pront worrows, Her mon, Jnmes VI, of Seotland and Jamos I. of Eugland, had cone cludad bis {irsat deeado, aud wam studying tho classica nndm; the famous wcholar, Glorgo Bachanan, Willlam of Ornngo, horu tho samn veut us Llizabeth, waa fighting with inerediblo ravery, und with frooh prospects of succoes, for the livorty of tho Netherlands, In Frunco, Honry 111. sat on tho throno vaented two yeuwrs beforo by his brothor, Charles IN.; and, wiilo his mothur, tho infemous Cathering do Mediei, rulod tho Stato, pussed Lis doys and nights 1 tho witdest orgiou. 1t way this year that Titian_dlod at Venico, at tho oxtromo fgo of 903 but Taul, of Varongun, still in tho moridinn of life, 46, wus puinting Fm;uouu canvasos for tho luxuvious Venctinu, ¢ wun thin yoar, t0o, o go back to Eugland again, that the famous astrouomer and nstiolo- gor, Dr. John Dee, vhio cast nattvitics nnder the patronago of Leicester uud Llifabeth, aud wio Was Buid to bo owployed by the latter au n upy at forargn courly, dieguived in tho charactor ot a neeromancer, beeuno the victim of aninturiat. ed mob, which, iu tho boliof that lio was nn civia- sary of tho Dovil, brokoe into i conrtry o deneo ut Mortinko, and destroyod bis fuamiture, chomical npparatus, and valuablo libraty, and barely sufferad himuolf and family tu cucapo violent doath. THE BOOK-TRADE IN GLRMANY, RUSSIA, AND SOANDINAVIA, ‘Wo aro indebtod to ** Hurat's Lifo ani Litora- turo in the Fathorlund " for tho following intere coting table of books publishod in Germany in 1872 and 1873 187! Encyelopedias, Tistorfca of Literature, Bibilography,eessss ‘Thoologs, Law, Politics, snd Stat Medieltic'and Voterinary Practice, Natural Scicaces, Chemlatry, and. e 857 000 Philosophy’ sidie 180 151 Tudagogleal Belance, * Beliool - Books, . L,%8 1,014 L2 387 Old_ Clansieal ‘and ** Oriental "Worl, Archiologyand Mythology. & 438 Modern Languayes, 0ld Geria: 837 6 3 &0 Geography, ‘Cravela 61 859 Matucutics, Astronomy, FEC It Military Selenco, Munagoment of HOTGCS,ovovavioasrevesonsune 18 14 Trade and Commerea, . 483 81 Architecture, Marht Minfug, Navijatio 250 a1 Hunting, Oulturo of ¥ 77 20 ‘Agriculture, Horlfculturo, 276 810 Belles-Lottres, Novels, Poe! DraMiRuaeseeses. seceisisaranes 098 o’ |, Tino_ Arts, Tuinting, Music, Bfenogra- R ke o420 01 Topulir’ Yampiiiets, Paper” Novels, Al 209 203 G 19 [7%] 590 200 220 m 1, ‘Tho statistica for 1874 show an increaso over 1878 of 11 per cent. In Russia, the book-trado ia still in & primitive condition, Thero are 413 bookstores in thoState, but the publishing business is confined nlmost oxclugivoly to St. Potersburg and Moscow. The Stato rosists tho establisbmont of nn nterna« tional copyright ; and tho following offleial sta- tistics, given in the Moscow Gazetle, of the im- port and export of books for the paut five yeara, plsinly show the reasons why: Ruoles, Bookr, maps, and musle were sxportedin 1866 to the swount of, wnen 04,697 Imports of the sumo amounted 63 In 1867, 8,81 Tnports In 18t Import In 1869, sxporis Ting POrts... . In 1870, xporis. TRIPOTtseereovevavevarne The publishing statistica of Boandinavin areas follows : Inhal- Pub, Hooke itants, Citfes, Housrs, stores. Denmark, 00000 75 0 119 02 Nt 4 60 124 Vre 160,000 Teotand bas two publiehing housss,—one in Beikiarilk, and ono in Akuroyi. —— A SUNSET-PICTURE. Opal tints, and & rad, red glow From tho eky wbove to tho wave below; Silver fringes to mate of gold; Turple curtains, that, kalf-unrolled, Bliow ‘:llmmn of amber and pearly-gray, And pinks and Ulics that etrow the way For the royal car of the Kiug of Day, With rim and hub of gleaming gold, O'or shining rulls of erystal bovwled, Qlitter and flash Like biirning stoel Bpokes of firo in the rolling whoel, With pouels of dismonds in scn(iiant dsray Transplendont glaro of & dazzling Liazs, With tangloa supord of tho welour-1ayd The charlot specds without o far, Without n rustle, or crask, or baty Through measuroloss tields of azurcline, Wiih nauglit to rival it glory seen,— With uwnght to qual ita matchloas flight, Breoping on from tiio wondoriug siult, Liko o stcady sbip with a chaugeles: helm, Awag, swag to the midnight-realm, Till tho radiaut vialou thu shiades o'ersehelm, Jany JOSSPUINK Bissnzzy _—— Duent Courtesvs Toy H. Hoopoer writes to tho Philadolphia Press from Pariss * A plenslug incident which is illustrndivo of tha peenlior unature of . Freuch politoness way roceutly oarrated to mo by an American gentlomun, who wad & witneas to tho wholo seeno, A shiort 1imo ago the Luchess do Mouchy was roturniog to Lranco from Ingland, whithor sho had gouo to_pay u visit to tho ex- Tanpregs st Chinellurat. Tt 60 chancey that tno Dukio do Rouchefoucanld-Bieaceis, lato Am- Lagsador from Franco to Eugland, was w passonger fn tho pauo train, accompanied by his wholosnite. On arsiving on board tho misarablo littto chunnol boat, the Duchoss discoverod thnt evory stateroom ou bonrd had boon ongaged (or thio Duko und Lis attondants, It was Fuiniug in torrents, and, not wishing to have the hornble atmospliero of tha close nnd stully cutin, sho fent & meysobEer to tho Dulo to roquest of him tho uso of ono of thontateraoins whioh had bocn geeured for his sorvants, With truo Fronch gourtesy, o rofusad, and tho bouutiful Duchicas, wrappod in 0 watar-proof olonk, unt fu tho pour- {nyg rain during tho whole of tho two-how' voy- ayo. 'Pho Ionupartist principles of tho lndy wora probably the causo of the gontleman's ro- fural ta oblige her, Lut it 1s hard to lmotine a state of party feoling in tho Unitod Statea which would lead an American gontloman tond trekta waman, and a beuutiful one at that.” — Itatring Alatonds in Oniiforuin, Erons the Sunta Barbara (Cal) Indez, Mr, Olmmted, of Cavpoutoris, has finlihed pleking his crop of nlmondy, Ho will uave tfrom i orchaed (his sorgon over fivo tons of the K- guedoo, or soft-slioll ohmonds, Mr. Olmeiod's orehard s only four years old, and of course n not yet in full’ bearivg, Hig trecs hore & few nuts when two yours old, Ihe thwd yeur ths averago yiold to ono trea wag about five poun o, 'wo rows in the orchurd, covering gronnd oqu:v= alent ta 3 ncrow, thut rocoived great vara in planting and_ apecinl eulture, producod 2,010 pounds of dried_almondu, 'This ylold, at tho wholesalo Ban Franclico market-price for tha soit-shell alinoud, will give Mr, Olmsted about 4210 por uere, aftor paying all oxnonsos of tho vour's _oultmo, gathering, sacking and market g, Mr, Olmeted Leopa the ground olear, oul- tivating nothiug batweon tho troos, nor allowing wootls to &‘""’ up to rob thom. The treok uf shutll Un ot Jaagh 20 foet atiatt oaols wagy