Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, December 12, 1874, Page 3

THE CH[CAGODAILY TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13, LITERATURE. Dosoroft’s Fistory ol the Ymited states, RTORY OF THE UNITED BTATES, FROM THI B ROV Iy OF THE AMBRIGAN GONTINENT, My Grouax BANOKOPT, * Yol. X, 8o, pp. 60, Voa- fon: LAttle, Urown & Co, 1874, ‘I'ho publication of tho tonth volume of Han~ troft's History of the United States, which hap- pity conctudes tho nndertaking, i tho oceasion ot solf-congratnlation to avery earncat studont of Amoriean history. 1t is forty yonrs sinco the first volumo appeared; and, in tho monutimo, mora than a wholo goneration of mortals has pagsod nway. During thoso years, higtorieal in- ventigatlon haa shod o floud of light upon tho «questions discussod in tho onrly volumet, A puror Btylo, and mora esact mothods of istorten dis- cuesion, have come into uso; and thero ara to- day o hundred vouloua and critical inguirors Info tho fncts of our natfonal history, whero tlioro was ono in 1884, when the Initial volumo of Bancroft appeared. Tho acension for con- gratulation, in the completion of tlo work, is in 110 faot that the flold Is now open for somobody $o writo 5 standnrd histary of our conntry, which neomed to bo impracticable while this intermin- Rblo affort of Dancroft was i Progreny, Mr. Dancrott commonced the work when a young man, and with vory slondor prepnration Tor #o comprchongive an undortaling. Ho had » local and brilllant Jitornry roputation. Ho wan geoduated ot Harrard College at tho ago of 17, xud, 08 a1l Now-England scholars do, or should tlo, weut to Gormany to pursuo his .gonoral studies. Among big instritetors woro tho cole- brated bhistorinus, lleoren snd Behloswer. It was doubtless hera that ho concolved tha iden of doing for bils own country what his eminent Instructors indl done for Continontal Europe. Roturning bomoe, ho published, at the ago of 23, volume of poems, of which ho was woon oshamed. Io did all he could to suppress i, but without succens. Tho volume way cought up by tho collectors, und trensurod o8 o litorary curiosity. It accasionally pppoars in the enlos of private libraries, and brings a prico altogether out of proportion to its intringle valuo. Il studied for iho minstry, nud proached a fow sormons, Ho wns tutor of Greol for o short timo at Marvard Colloge, and then sot up a boarding-scool ab Round ill, in Northampton, o idelivered and printed occa~ sionally & Fourth-of-July oration, for which kind of writing his florid and redundant stylo was es- pecislly adapted. Ifo trauslated aud pullishod the’ historieal works of Heeren, lis fortner jn- structor ; contributed twelvo articles for the North American Jicview ; and accomplivhed olher Titurary Inbors, befara ho waa 80 years of ago. ‘About this tinio ho way seized with anambition {0 ougago in politics, and theso desultory offorts consumed for many years a large portton of his onorgies. flo espouscd the cause of tho most unpopuisr party in Maeenchusotis ; went jnto the flold a8 au activa purtlean; _attendod eancuses; cauvassed the Stato s and tan the forlorn race of Demacratic cundidute for Gov- ornor of Mansachusetts.” When tho Dorr Ite- Letlion broke ont in Rhode lslend, be spoke aud wrote in defonyo of tha cause of the insurgents. Tar this folly ha has loug since repouted, and lus changod the piates of his printed works to ahow that his ropentance wns sincore, In 1838, he _ was appointed _ by Ven Buren Collector of tho Port of Bostou ; in 1845, he wns mado Secrotary of tho Navy ; and, in 1516, Minister Plonipotontiary to tho Court of $t. Jamos, Ho has lately hoci laking & ronewed turn'at diplomacy, ns United Btates Minister at tho Courtof (iormany. His tagte through lifo ms been in the direction of palitics, which necessarily uafitted him for thad patient and judioial investigation which charac- terizes tho firat-class historian. In the midst of his political and fragmontary Inbors, the eurly volumes of his History of tho United Stutes appeated. Thelc style waa fresh nnd ornate, ovincing a literury culturo far in advauce of thut of any provious writer of American listory. sod, Dboth woll recoived and favorably criti in this conntry nnd in Furape, From tho firat, the work has been o financial guccese, No - torical writer in onr countrs Lia avorreocived so Jorgo an income from his copyright as has Mr, Taneroft. From tho first, the work wis ansumed to be tho stapdard History of the United Siatos. It, {heroforo, an su iucombleto work, went into all public librarios, and largely into private col- Jections, uud tho eate of suceeoding volumes wis assured, 'The subsjects trented in tho carly vol- umes rofated to » vemoto period, There were then fo persous competent to dotect ito orrors or to challenge the nuthor'sopinions. Siuco tha fate, historical Sociotica—Swite, county, aud fown—bavo sprung up iu all parts of tho Jaud, Cobwebbed atvics and mwusty vacords have beon ransacked: correspondenco, diurics, and contemporary statemonts, huye boon brought {0 light and, from thiy moss of historival ura- torials, farmer judgmonts have beon revarsed, yow actors bavo been brought into the ileld, and the order of ovents has beon pluced iu o now ae- pect. 1lundreds of specialists have re-cx- umined, with tho most untiring industry, and from fresh mataorials, siogle avonts or geparato yportions of our pational history ; and their re- ‘soarches have been embodicd in ecattored mouo- ographs, or in tho collections and archives of Historical Socleties. 1o will bo the futuro standard historian of our country, who will eather up tho best nand Intest iuves- tigntionn of others, bringing 1o the work a puro insto and tho highest intolligenco and critical gcumon, It as not Alr. Boucroft's faulcthat he bad not tho uso of mutcrinls and spocinl re- mearchen which have inco been mado availablo. 1t detracts, hawaver, frow tha value of his work 8 o standard history, that muny of his assumed fucts and historical judgimonts hnve ey shown to bo erronoous, Alr. Inncroft, conscious of errore, haa vainly attempted to keep paco with iho progress of historical reasareh, b his platcs, chaugiug & duto hor atatement thero, aud oftou rocasting an eutiro yage. In compnring the ourly with the later edi- tions, ono might Fuepect o was not reading tho same work, Such chunges, howevar, donot teat the cxigencics of legitimate hiutory, A historian, for instance, churges tho loss of o campaign upon the uegleot or incompotency of n General, 1t is Inter ehown that the Gencral did his duty, and that the misfortune arose from conkes over which he had no contral, A fow verbal ubanges, or tha interpolation of & now paragraph, will not umend tho record. The whole natrative of tho eampuign must bo recon- structed. Mr. Bancrolt's history, notwithstund- ing tho corroctions bo hes made, is still full of errors and misstatements. It space allowed, wo could 1)luatrate this avsortion in extonso. Mr. Bancroft's most notable errors are nat tho minor and cusnal lapses which o Ipunr on almost every pngo ; but thoy are the radical and fundamental orrors whick run through the warp oud woof of his narrative, s troatmont of the War of tho Revolution is one Immense, coloseal orror, o has idoalized the subject on n falso theary, and hay marshaled his racts to sustain: this dramatio hypothesiy. His thoory is, thnt everyt hing preat and good in the war wes done by Washington s and that every misfostune und blunder way the work of ono or moro of Dils ausocluto Gonerals, Greens, and Gates, and Hehuylor, und Bullivan, and, In short, every goneral oflicor who bad & soparaio command, wero tho scapegonts on which he hus Iaid oll the suistakes nud military dinsstors of tho war. Lo tho stateemon of tho poriod, be hos shown ple most as littlo charity, 1n order to plece Wueh- ington ou his Idenl” pedestal, o bas thought it necesrary to belittlo all {he contemporanies of Waehington, Tho descondants of hoso ma. ligned Revolutionary patriots have publicly and fully vindicated the veputations of thelr auces- tora from tho aesaulty of Hr, Bancroft. Yot ho ‘hos not nmondod his Loxt ; for tho orroms are o radical the corrections canuob Lo made without zowriting the wholo narrative, Nothing more fauciful and uureal can be found, in the flold of what is callod legitimnte history, than d[r. Baucrofts tresument of the Witeheraft Deluslon which broke outin New England in 1092, The fullestand mont suthontio dotails of thoso scones havo buay prosorved ; and yot ho has wholly miscouceived the uaturn of tho phenomena oxhibited in the “afilicted children,"—which woro similar to Hpirltual mani- festations scon in our day,—and tha cxukes which lod to the tragleal results, 1lis theory is, that tho ohildron were actuatod simply Ly the love of mischiel ; and that the execations camas about by a conspiracy of fraud botweon then ond the ministers of the Colony, In bhis drg- watio reudering of tho subfoot, ho hag nssumed, for tho chier couspirator, & persun wha Mved 16 milus from the disturbed locality, nud sho hud no personal sequaintuuco or iutoréotrse witls tho parties concerned, Thi person und bin futhior wero tho twn most noted names in tho Colony; and tho Lest contemporary ovidence rromn that, throngh their labois and porvonal nflucnee, trinly woro stopped, and o buundred or moro imprigoned viotims were rolensed, Tho #on, Lho ullegad chlef cansplraiar, when tho con- duct of the *afilicted children" bacnme a mattor of publio notoriaty, mdvised tholr sepuvation, and offored to ho responsiblo for the care of wix of them at Lis own houso, and tho housos of s frleudy, in Bostan, This soparetion, he thought, might break up tho spoll, or charm, = or whatovor it wan. 'This oftor wan unhooded Ly tha loenl magistrates. DBofore tho trisls com- mencod, o warned the Judgen agalnat recolving “pootral tostimany,” or tho ovidonca of alloged witehes, s was dorie in England in tho trials bo- fore Sir Matthow Hala; for suchi methods, lio maid, *whil undo poor Now England, and tho rightaans silt porish with the wicke." This un- vico wan also unhooded, and tho trinls wont on alter tho English mothods, T'his way tho porson whom Mr, Daneroft makes chlofly raspousiblo for Halom witchernft and its twenty osoctitions, i fathor then wrote and printed a treatine ontitled “ Canon of Conseionco Concerning Witcheraft,” in which ho exposed the injuntica and cruelty of witah-trinla 88 thoy were conductad ; and publio nentiment, ostractad by this teatise, bronght tho trinls fo an end, Mr. Bancroft may offer, as_an_apology for tho historient blundera fnvelvod in his fauciful nar- xativo, thac ho was not tho originator of this theory ; that he found it rendy mado by aunothor hand, and adoptod it withont “giving it much or ony erltieal examinntion. Al this fs truo; and it sarves to show how little of originnl research thara is in cortuin pacts of his work, Ho has, Towovor, given his rendors_no intimaiion that 1t was borrowed, or mado referouco to the soirce from wheneo ho borrowed it, o haa tho satis- faction of knowing that his errors in the matter of Salem witchoralt have gone into all tho minor higtcrios of the United States which have apuoarod dunng tho last thirty~live yoars, and huve cast a shndow on tho roputations of the besl mon of thelr time. Mr. Baneroft's history i needlossly prolix, Ho hng written ton volunios, aud how only bronght his naveativo down to 1788, the clogs of tho Ttovolutionary War. This ia tho poriod whon tho roul lifo of tho natlon commenced, IT the porch of a houso bo s extonded, what st b the dimensions of tha edifleo itsolf when fully completed? Tho history of one’s country, ox- panded in this fushion, could hardly bo reud in tho brief spun allatted to ono human lifo. It way not Mr. Bancroft's orlginal intention to stop at tho year 1785, “ T havo formed,” ho uald in hiy originnl profuce, **the deslgy of writing o hits- tory of tho Uutted States from tho dis- covery of tho Amorican Coutinont to the “present timo." 0 oo why this deslgn’ las boen changed. The work has Vraken down_ from its own weight. Tho poriod immedisfely following tho cluse of the war wis ‘n-uguunt with groat events. The linan- ciul troublos and the fuvring of State intorasts under the old Coufederation, the organization of tha Northwest Torritory, the debates in the Con- vontion for forming » Constitution of the Unitod States, nud the action of the individual Btates thoreon, under My, Boucroft's treatnont might have mudo ton more volumes, and then his nat- rative wonld only have been carried forward liva yoars. Tmaginution falters wlhen it undertakos to concelva how the remmining olghty- six yours of our wational Jifo “were {o be “mccomplishod, Ve, thoreforo, seo & propriety in amending tho titlo of the prosont worlt, #0 tuat it should vead, ' An Introduction to the Hiatory of tho United Statos."” DProlixity is an inherent quality of Mr. Ban- erofty wlud; and yet, I there is any one thing in which e tnkes especial pride, it is in sup- posing that Le lns & closo, consecutive, and philosophical styla, Thesouro prevively tho char- actoristics of style which aro 1ot hiiy, ~ 1o wan- dora awny from bia pubjoct, und runs into side- inunes, —tnoralizig often In a emall way, and commithing o shining upliorism, now and thoew, which u bonrding-school miss wmay copy into hor playmate's album. Any Jitele fancy or fine-spun theory that bappons to sug- gost itsolf, goew iuto his fost in turgid Joli- sonian measute. Thesn flowers of eontiment and rhotorio bloom quito as frequoutly in the Inter ng in tho eurlior volumos. A collection of them wonld be droll reading. 1ere is ono from Volunio IX., pagre 419. Au Englieh goneral of- ficer, named Ifrascr, wus Lilled in battlo jnst be- fore Burgoyne's surrender. Ilo wus buried, of coitrse, and Mr, Baucroft tells us_how, and de- livers gentiment ou tho themoau follows: Amidst tho ceaseless booming of the Amerieun srtil- lery, this Order of the Bural of the Dead was strictly observed In tha twilight over i grave, Never moro ghnll Lo chuso he red deer throuzh the heather of Strath Errlok, or guide tho skl across the fatbomless Iake of Ocntral Beotlaud, or rauss over tho tuln of tho sStuerts on the moor of DrumeMossle, or dreant of oy beside glio cryatal watots of tho Novs, Dentl i thelf {0t formble; bl Lie came to Amerlea for sele Alsl advancement, und, though Lravely trite as a sol- dier, Lo died wnconsoled. ‘Hero s another £pocimen of stylo, from tho teuth volume, page 192: ‘The Father of Rivers gathers his waters from all the elouds that bresk betveon the Allcghenies and the farther ranges of the Rocky Mountrus, Tho ridges of the eastern ciiain how thelr heady ot tho nerth aud at the soutl, so thut, long befors Sclenco bocams tha camuysnion of wman, Nuturo iteelf pointed out 10 tho barbarous races Loy short portages join liis tributury rivers to thore of the Atlautic cosst, At tho otber eldv, Lils mightiest arm interlocks with the arms of tho Oregon and thy Golorado, and, by the conforuation of tho_enrth Hfeolf, marshala bighways 10 the Puclfie, Yrom his remoteet springs bo refdses to euffer hia waters to be divided 3. but, as ho bears them all to tho bosom of the occan, tho' myriads of flaga that wave above hishead aro ull the ensigus of one people, MMr, Bancroft has dono moro iu forming the conventional and claesic style of the Awmerican Callego Soplioworo than sny other writor, ko tho old Nuromborg chronicler, M, Ban- croft must begin with tho creation of things, uud carry along, with his narrative, the recital of events in avery clime, kiuf:(lnm, ‘wud nation. 1is roador i often in doubt whethor he is nob en- seged in o lintory of Lnglaud, Trance, or Spatn. e makes nothing of dropping his reador by the waysido, aud going off, for two or throo pages, into o nicely-drawn distinction bobween_the wetaphyrical theories of William Poun aud John Loeke, If wo lived in aternity, aud not in time, aud it wo were haukertng for Mr. Baucroft's opinions on all gorty of aubjects, wsnch digres- sions might bo’ proiitable, ag well ns eutertain- ing. T Linve been ablo,” he pays in the profaca of Voluma X,, ** from new materials, {o trace the division botwoon tho North aud the Soutl, aris- iug from Slavery, further back thau had oy yot been done.” Wo seo no oidonco of this in his toxt, and we aro improgsed with the measre aud muporficisl manner in which ho snbject is troated. Ho roems to huve tho ides that Siuvery might havo boon abulished by the old Conti- neatul Congress. **1t way bub 4 minority of them,” hosuya, *who kept in miund that an ordinanco of man ean uover override nalural law ; und that, in the Great Iligh Court of the Lternal Providonce, Justice forges lier weapon long beforo ene strikos.” This sontanca smu a full ood resonunt sound ; but, his- torienlty, it is sbeor nonacnse. Thut Con- gross had no more jurisdiction over Slavery —which thon existed iu all the Statos, oxcopl Magsachugotts—than it had over the guautity of tho raiufall, or tho lemporature of the sone gong. No member of that Congress over elaimed suecl & jurindiction. Thero was then (in 1781), aud for the next fifteon yoars, moro activo Anti- Bluvery sentimonts in Virginia, Maryland, Doia- ware, and Ponnsylvania, thun in auy othor part of 1ho count: Within the peried named, Stato Abolition Hoeiotisy esisted within all * thess Staten; und, in Virgina and Marylaud, thore were alvo sovoral Loval Soclolien. ~Ii iy notico- abblo that theve was no Abolition Bocioty in Massachueetls du this poriod, Of tho six- teen Abolition Bocieties then existing in tho United States, ten wero in_Btates which, ot tho outbreak of tho Nobellion of 1, wero slave-holding, and wix in States which were not _ sluve-holdmg. Wa fail (o find in Mr. Dancrofis uardive any duo recoznition of this wide-sproud Anti-Slavery sentimient, It wus suppused by the statesmon of tho timo thet Slavery would soon die ont in all tho Stutes. A Natlonnl Couventlon of all the Abolitlon Sociaties In the United States was hold at Philadelphia in Jenuery, 1784, Thesa Con- ventions meb annually for sevornl yenrs, and the Houthorn Sociotios were reprosonted in thom, The resolutions snd addresdes of theeo bodies recognized not ouly the civil, but the intellee~ tunl, oquality of the negro raco with thut of tha swhite mon, “An addross Issued Ly tho Natlonul Abolition Convention of 1705 knys: By ecuicuting theso newsborn clifzeus, samo fn tho Ngher braucbes, and ol in the nseful parts of learn- fngeund u tlie procopis of wmordliy aud raliglon, v sliall niot only do_away the repronch and ezlnmny so unjustly lavished upon nuw, but shalt confound the en- emles of trath, by eviuciig tint tho whappy woms of Aftien, fu spito of th degrading fnfluence of dlavery, aro in 10'wie faferior to thy mora Tortunsto inbubis tauts of Europe und America, Theso sentimonts woro utlurod n fow years mubtiequent to the poriod when Mr, Bancroft's tustory closed ; but the movemont ot whicl they were tha resull commenced in 1775, whoen the Younsylvanin Soviety was organlzed, e, Ban- oraft s evidently nos nwure of the extent to which Anti-Blayery soutimonts prevailod at tho Houth in tho Intter nnit of tho last contury, Il hay cortainly, in_the volume hoforo us, mnde no contribution to the evidenco on thus sublogt, Wa shnll mako an errroncous_entimulo of the valne of dir, Bancrolt's listorisnl writines, if, not- withateudting his errurs und shorteomings, some at which have boon naticed, we couclude that ho has not mado importsut contribuilous to tho tauterialy for American history. o has mudo such contributions. Mo haw earefully oxamined, and drawn largely from the public archives of Tuglawd, Frauce, Gormany, ind Bpain, corres spandeuce of Ambasssdors and Ministors of Htate, which throw tauel Jight upon our early tory, 'Cheso documenta o not history, but thoy ara tho maternld from whioly history iw mede, AMr, Bunerolt's later volumos'ara lnrgoly fillod with theso pupers, In thin crudo stuto they are dry yonding, 'Whe historinn of our ouubtry, that i to bo, will dllwul this now mat- sor, nud worva it up in o pulaiable and fustract voform, As Mr, Iuncraft prosonty thoso doge wmnents, they make liltlo or no impression on the genoral roader, ‘Whon g writor of hlulma concluden is worls, . o wa oxpect to find a General Index at tho ond of the last volumo. In our duay, it s re- gorden as a moral obligation existing hatweon the publishors of tho worl and ity patrony, that the party of tho fivst part shall furnish such ni Indox, Nothing I tho natire of ap in- des In apponded to the Tenth Vexuue, aud no pronve I8 givon that one will ba fortheoming, 'T'his omisslon is wiscreditablo to the publihers and tho author of the worl ; for it is unjossible to une, for tho uchonos of raferonco, o campilation so bulky and desnltory, withont su Index, Our copyright laws should bo #o amended that no writer of history would maintain hin priwlng.en under it unless he, or his publiehors, furnlshed a Genornl Indox, Wo hoil ontor no protest it muniar provision be applied to all writers of Law, Modlcine, Selonce, and T'heology. 1 A Germnn f3aron in Chicago. A RAMDLE ROUND 1 WORLD, 1871, By M, To Ttaron Dy 1unsen, Fornorly Ambaskador and Mine Intor, and Author of ¥ Sixto Quint,” ‘Cranslatod by 2 , Dt 657 New York : Muac- To sindy the differing phnses of elvitization oxhibited {n the United States, Japan, and China, was the purposn of Iavon 1ubner in making the cireult of the globe. 1o travaled {n tho loleuroly maunor which characterizes the movements of man of the Ot World, espucially of men of ranlc nud fortune, und gave himself every opportunt- ty of goining nn soquaintance with tho puople and the instltutions of the countrios visited, ITo took ample timo to purauo his invostigations, ond wroto n slow and ciroumstantial account of them, snited 1o peoplo vwho, Mke himeolf, ure nevor in a hurry, bat love to nunlyze, aud criti- oino, and moralizo about averything tint engages thetr atieution. hia clght montha which the trip consumed was divided about equally betweeu tho thrce nations choson for inepeotion, In addition to tho copions notes by tho way,—a juurnal of each dny's ndventurcs was scrupulously made out tho amo ovening,—on lenving tho shores of odch country, {te history aud charactor, ny des veloped uader tho suthor's earoful obaervation, wero roviowod at longth, and, it is but just to #ay, with an honest intoution to bo iwpartinl, But Baron Hubnor's narration of facts secms otalo au well us slow, 'Tho nowspapers tell the roador overy morning the world's history of the dny beforo, Bo that ovents removed but o fow yenrs from tho prosont dato noed, if they oro to bo ingorporated in o travoler’s diary, to be pre- sonted its now aepocts, sud with novel clinrmy of stylo, to have any freshucss and etbraction, We nuot sy thas Baron Huboer has the faculty of iuvouting old storles with now Intorost, or even of rolating his own improssiong in so striking a way us to make them seem partictdarly impor- tant, . 1t may amuso or instruct our roadors to know whus opluion the Iaron formad of Cluoago dur- ing his briet stay in our clty ; thereforo wo make wu extract or Lo from hin “extonded commients : Tanix with tho crowd which dragy mo on with it, 1 strive o vead fu {ho faces s Iy meer With tho same vxpression, Every onho fs fn a hnry, I It wero only o got i fow minules suoner {o Ials liome, anid by cconoiizo s fow honrs of rest, ufter baving taken tho lurgest possibie amount of work aut of the loug hawes of lbor, Every ong eectun to droad yival i his nefghbor, This erawd s the very type of isolution, The woval atmospliera {8 not chari~ ty, but vivaley, | . . T have now been threo days at Chicago, and It sooma to mollat 1havo exuuueted tho subject . o . A great wamber of fauitlies, eopueinlly nowly-movried conploy, livo ot hotels, Thlamethod saves expensoand the hotliers of houskeping, . . . Dut it hes the ducouvenl ulemutiig fue youug wife to a life of fillencrs aud solitudo, Allday long the hustaud fs ab bin ollica or in Bis conting-house, * 3o only conten 111 a3t meal-timies, and duvonra is food with the sllance sud eapedition of & Atowiug man, Then he riwlies Dacle fo his treadmill, If thero are any cliildren, they 2o 10 school when thoy ave b or ¢ yests old, by thome Holves, btk gofirg nud comiug, and pasa tho rost of thoir days exiclly aa thoy plorke,—1o ono thinkitg #lght to futerdero with their verty, Parental author- Ity 8 nil, or, ot euy vato, 6 novel excreised, A for education, fh our stnse of the word, they huvo none; but fusteietion, sl that « public one, 18 good and_ ucs ceseiblo togll, “Theso littlo gentlemen tatk loud, and aroas prond amd sbiorp as the fuli-grown inen of their ation; the young glrlé, at 8aud ¥ years old, oxcel in tho prtd of coquetry aud firlation, did promiss {0 Loy come ¢ fask? yoiug ladies, But, nevertheloes, they mauko good aud falthful wives, 1 thelr husband whould bo rich,ticy wil) help htm to rufn himnelf Dy oxuessivo extravagance in dress; but they will accept isery with equal calinness sud resignation, and {ly nta tho pawe follles nu of ald, thomorent thora is o change lu the wheel of fortune, Tho *Lomo™ of tle Anglo-Sazon race, g0 dear fo thoir hearts, 13 ouly o socondiry consideration iu tho Lives of their consius huyond the kens, ‘Everywlero womuti 18 tho object of o respacttul gal- Iantry, which might bo called chivalrle If fl were leas trivoldus, aud waleh sometiniea becomes even gro- tesquo aud ridiculons, For exsmple, I am eitting fn ouv uf thoko tramiay-cars which cross sl the principal shioeln of tho great towns, A fop of o paraol or i fon rouses me from my meditations, or pecliaps from sleop: sud T aco atuudiug rieht in front of me s young woma, who looks at o from bead to foot, with an imperinl, baughts, sud evan uugry exproseion, Iwuke W to tho situution, and hasten 10 give Ler my scat, which oho takes ot 'once, without deiguiug to” thunk mie, evon by look or & smile, The coussquence i, that I am obliged to perform tho reat of my jouruey atanding in a most uncomfortablo position, aud to hoit on by a leathor strap, whick ia fustened for that pur- pozo aloug the rovt of & carrluge. . « o “Tho Amcrican woinan bearé the slamp of the poel- tion i which xhe [s placed and tho atmosphere uronnil lier. Asa young gir), she naturally fodlows tho jue clinations of her wox, which aro uot, s Wit us, regue lated and controlied by the teaching and example of s mother, Shv wishes 1o pleae, ind, if she is_naturally Hively, ehe will bacoms ¢ fuzt s thut i, she will laugh load, und, by wmari separiees £ud plaiuat looks, Wil andeavor to nttract and rotatn round Lee iho greatert possivle number of young men, But this vulgar co- quetry, however farring 10 good taste, rarely goes be- yond acertain potut, ‘Murried womew It America are, as a rillo, unoxcen- Uguable, ¥ they aro too foud of drees, it fs geuerally thelr husbauds Wwho wish , IF they ure often oo abroad, i 33 that they have nothing to do b hotae, 1t thoy ave rather freo aud eusy, it fs thot such munuera ure allowed iu sociely, ILJs after ull but bad taste,— not a sfn, Their minde are geaorully well cultivated, for they read o great deal, sud thut” uot ouly novels but Eniglish classic nuthors and oncyclopodias, . . . As u whole, fumily 1ifo s heaithy anil pure, and Ameri. can womienl aca Worthy of tho respect and considera- tion of which they are the objectr, Dresy-Iteform. A Sruwes or Liotunea Driive oN Dugss 4k 1T Avvrors run JnsuTn oF Woen, Lidited by AbuA Gootn Woogson, With [lustratiots, 16mo,, pp. 203, Bos- ton: loberls Brothers., he subject of dross-reform camonp for ape- cinl dweussion bofora the Woman's Club, lioa- ton, during tho spring of tho prosent year. Iv in a question on which tho minds of thought- ful women in America huve beon deeply exer- ¢iod for soms timo past, and, in an organization devated {o the study of tapies eftecting woman's welfaro, it would usturally dowmand its dne shara of attention, Tivo womon—four of them phy- sleians of acknowledgod abllity wnd position— wero invited to address the Club on this mattor, which they, above most othors, would Le ox- poeted to trost with wisdom and understandivg. The lectures—which ware dolivered by Dra. Mary J. Safford-slake, Caroline L. Hastings, Mercy B, Jackson, Aurilia B, 1luynos, and M, Abba Uoold Woalson—iero ¢o offoctive in pro- moting the cauno of dress-roform amionyr their lcavery, that it way determined to roproducs them in book-form, that their influenve might extond without a linut. 1ienco tho presont vol- tuns, whicts, in uddition to the lectures, containy un introduetion by Mrs, Woolson, and an up- pendix, in which axplivit direetions uro l;wnn for sutting ont and making, according to the ot improved plan, tho various gavinents constitnt- ing & woman's ordinary wearing-apparol, “I'ho tono of tho lectures ia moderate, Thora ia no demund that woman shall sacrifico in her costitme the {dua of comuliness to utilisy, or to liealth evon, ‘Choro in simply n plain, earnest domonstration of the ovils of {ho prosont mode ol drees in voggue with womon, sccompaniod swith practieal and sensilio suggostions for_avaiding these ovils by Introduclug ouwily-ndoptod ehaugors in the cat and disposition of cortnin artivien of fomiuino uttive, The denwncintion of corsots, punniors, ligh heoels, cosmotics, and false hair, 18, of course, soveros bul, agaiust the study of neatnees, hounty, sud attraotive olfoct, in the srraugomont of * the outer raiment, nothing whntayer s sl Indood, n lndy of fashion might adopt cvery roforn advised, wd the fact nover by noted by her most eritieal frionds, Thus thera is hopo’ thut thesn roforms wilt ulti- wately find thelr way to the favor of all womon who we vano enough lo doesire health and strongth for thomselyes and thow offapring, BIoonArIeAL SKETOHES BisbLAvGH, 1m0, Now Yor. By ianLy Ana K, Bults & i o, Ar, Neadiaugh s by nature n puglist. As M, Bhiol enid of O'Connell, the Irish patriof, ho is “un wwbulatory rlot,™ Tom Hayors and tho Tionicia Boy " wore not wore theranghbred bul- lles thau ho,~the ouly difference botweon him and the memhers of tho prize-ring bomg, that tho ono assnults and abuscs with his tonguo, while tho othiors rolyupon {hoir fsts, All (ho 4amo, tho normel condition of tho thryo is aptly dosetibed by Lho nlang phrage, fighe." 1t happened, in Mr. Bradlaugl's catly boyhood, that ho foll fu with somo inwtidol writings, 'I'hoir aontrovorsinl tono Just Lit his weangling splrit, atd ho woized upon thoir doctrlies forthiwith ag exnctly tho instrumonts With which to creato o perpotun! disturbanes in socloty, and proveke tggatust Liwaolf a houtito Teoling that would cul- minato {n froquent cnconntors of the fiorcost oharactor, Tvor sinco that Juvenilo perfod it his lifo, Mr. Bradlaugh's predileotions have been abundantly eratified, sud o has conslantly moved iu tha midst of o vialynt tnrinoll. 5 Tho wan ia to bo rogarded aa ono of the many curlons phonomenn of lmmnn nature. lio e no more oxist unleas inan attltudo of antego fem agalust some iden or measure, thun ho ean oxist withont broathing. Socloty is learning to Thoar with moro and motro patlenco such trying in- flictions; Lo lot thom wante their forcos aud woar themselyeu out, without intorforouce, save whon thoro f vonl dagor of tholr snbverfing institu. tions that aro the safeguard of the community, Mr. Bradlaugh's virulent warfave agalust the tenots of the Christinn roligion can work thom yory littloharm, Jlu 8 too savago and spitoful in Nils attacks, Io dofents himself. Like an angry man or & fanatie, ho loses renson, and plunges mudly and blindly, brulsing himgelf woreo than the objects of his attack, ‘Clio cxeays in tho prosent colloction are paor specimons ~of litornture and Jogle, Thoy can satiefy only tho ignorant wmind, or ono that in- clittes porelatontly toward Athelsn, and deserve notieo motely becauso thelr antbor Lay, by dint of n_resoluto course of aggrenston, ncquired n Rrood deal of notarioty, and giveu his conntry- moen consldorablo annoya: Khymes for Children. RIYMES AND JINGLES. Auibor of @ Ilans Briiker,” o pp. 271 Now York: Berilnor, Avmstrong & Co. OUILDHUOD-SONGS. ' "1y Luwy Lancox. Tilus- froteil 2o, pp, 30" Bosion: Jamios 3. Orgood ; Co, Tho “Mbymes and Jingles” which lrs. Dodgo, the editor of St. Nicholas, hag contributed to that magezine during tho past year, have been gatbored, with tho beantiful ongravings that il- lustrated themn, into » charming holiday-bool for littlo children. No paius have boon sparat by tho publishers to mako the worl attractive, and thera really hns not been o mora elegant volume produced, for ofd or young, this sonson. A host of pictures, roplete with spitlt and dainty sootiments, nro scattored through tho pink- tinted pnges. Wo note two—**The Guardian Augol " and * Tho Frost King"—that aro par- tieularly fine in concoption. The futter rises evon to tho height of sublimity. As for tho Jinglos and thymos, they are full of playful con- Coitu; yot, whon they are nltogether cmpty of gense, tho words trot along in such a jolly moasura that little ebildron’s ears can’t ‘help baing tigkled with the movement. Luoy Larcom's * Songs * are for rondors of o somowhat older growth. Mout of thom lave, like tho *Jinglos," appoared bofora in juvauile mngazines, Thair author has Jong beon » popu-~ Inrwriter for Lhe young, and hor poems wero for yonrs a favarito feature of Our Young Folks. Dxquisite illustrations accompany the * Songs » in thetr present edition, Indeed, tho two vol- umes ara 80 equal in -attractivencss that they might bo given to a couple of hitilo oney in the sume family, and neither child would bave reason for fooling that tho other had been the moro fortunatoly favored. poiling for a Dovar, John Quincy Adnms, MEMOIRS OF JOHN QUINUY ADAMS: Coxens- 150 PORTIONS OF iy DIARY FLOS 1795 TO 1842, iled Ly Cuanups I'naNcis Apams. Vol IIL,, Bvo, pp. 060, Vhiladelphia: J. B, Lippincott & Cor “Flio portion of Mr, Adams' diary published 1 this volume covers the brief poriod extonding from Aug. 7, 1814, to Juno 14, 1817. The first six months of this term wore spent by Mr. Adama ay Qhent, fu concluding, with Commisaionors ap- pointed by both Goyornmonts, tho requisitions for peace between Englaud and the United States. At tho termination of this business, Mr. Adams ropaired to Parig, whore he passed an oveniful throo months, during which Louis XVIIL abdieated tho throne, and Napoleon, re- turning from Elba, resumed the Emperorship of France. In May, 1815, Mr. Adums way sppoiut- od Miniater Plenipotentiary to Great Britain,—a posliion which he held for the tollowing two yoars, 30kt journal recordling thehistory of this poriod is profuso in details concerning My, Adams’ movements, and the conduct of tho atlairs with which he wag connected. In respect to informa- Lilon upon thesd pointy, itis as full xs conld ho de- sired, As regavds intelligonce of contemporsry eyents and personages, it is disappointing, Mr, Adaws hed it in kiu power to ke his jourual brilliant with accounts_and ancedotos of the il- luatrious foreigners with whom. it was his goud fortune to meet, but he choso ratlier to fill ity puges with particulara roferring aimost oxchit- sively to himself, » good purt of wiich are to- drously conmenplaco utd ingignitieant, Nover- thelean, au wo have asid, it furnishes » minnto, oven wicrorcopic, blogrephy of Mr, Adame, and, in future yeara, muy bo of signal use as o bistori- cal authority, clences THE INTERNATIONAL SO1ENTITIO SERIES, AN- IMAL MECHANISM : A TaraTiae oN TREREATHIAL ASD ARnian LucoyorioN, By E, J. Mopuy, Pro-* feavor at the Callege of France, und Member of the Academy of Moulcino, With 1217 Ilusirations, Drawn and Eugeived wnder the Direction of the Auther, Ihmo,, pp. 233, New York: D, Appleton 1 Co, NATURE SORIES. POLARIZATION OF LIGHT. By WILLIAM BROTTIWOODE, AL A. Lk, D, ¥\ R, 5. 12mo,, pp, 129, Doth theso volumes illustrate the exceoding coro that is boing taken by authors and publish- ors to rondor tho digovorics of Scienco attract- ive and intolligiblo to the multitude. The first is an uble and thorough discourze on tho forces and orguus brought into play in torrestrial and norial locomotion, with an esplanation of the ingenious and complicated npparatus devisod for studyiiyg the modes of prograssion used by bi- eds, quadrupeds, insects, sud birds, Tho vab- cct is one of curious intorest, and, under tho tenching of Mr. Moroy, unfolds n vast amount of yovel intarmation. The engraviugs used in the work ars ndmirably executed. % Tho cesny on tho polnrization of light grew out of a serics of loctures delivercd by the au- thor to tho laborors in hiy ompioy, and honce is ag simple nnd familine ng a disonssion of a topic In Physfcal Scionce coulil well be. It is neatly yublished, aud illustratod with colored platos and {lno wood-cute. LibosalaChrintlan Songs. AL IATTH ¢ ELECTIONS OF HITNN IER BACRED Touss OF tne LingbAL CUUNCH IN AMERIOAT 113 BIOUNAPHICAT, BEETCHES OF THE WIITENS, AND wIri HINTOuIoAL AND ILLUSTAATIVE NoTkd, By Aurngo P, PuryAu, Smull 0ctavo, pp. G56. Noston: Ruberts Jirothors, Littlo nood be added to its descriptive title to defiue tho scope and plan of this work, Tt will bo-of speoinl intorest to tho profossors of Lhu Tiheral faith, to whoso tastes in hymnology it particularly appoals. Upwards of soventy au- thors avo roprosented in the colleation,—among whow we note Lonefellow, llolmes, Brymut, Plerpont, Burleigh, Lunt, Migginson, Algor, and Bprague, willh mauy othors searcely loms known in the walks of litoraturo. Many writors whoke fame rests upon prose compositions bave oceusionally given vont to a passing inapiration, # mood of exalted devotional feoliug, in tha langungo of song. Somo of theso cholco Iyrivy that bavo sprung from s brain not dovoted to tho cnlture of pocsy aro among the fnest ox- amples of thelr kind, und - elogquently volco mute Toelings thut ub timos struggle for oxpression in avery mind, 2 ‘I'ho biographieal alkotohes nnd historical notos aro useful features of the work, and add much to its popular value, Aeibileal yolopeain. POTTEIVS COMPLET) BIBIICAL ENOYOLOPEDIA, Tadited by tho Rov, Wiriiast BLacaiwoob, D, D., LL, Dy Anthor of * Dlackwaod’s Comprehensive Alds to ibo Hiudy of the soly Bible) of, With Valuable Gontribitionn by Other Euiuent Divines, With nearly 4,000 Fino WMustrative Engravings, Folio, Philagtolphti # dobf £, Potter & Co, "his groat work draws graduully towards com- plation. Whe Purts, which will probebly uot ox- tond beyond tifty, havo alrendy rosched numbor ‘Thirty-two, briwging the dictlonary down to tho feri LPuteivinus, In all rospects, tho worl con- tinmen to maintaln it hieh wtandavd of oxcel. lence. It will, whou couclisdod, muko s vahiblo, an woll as ornamontal, accassion to tho aludent's library af Biblical and historical litorature, ‘Che Christinn in ks Worldly Helu= 5 tonsk, I OUIUSTIAN IN THE W D, W, Pauser,” 10mo,, pp. Lrotliers, 1ty tho will of tho luto Hon, Richard Flotchor, of Toston, o fuud way provided for & prize of #0500 to Lo offered Dicnutally for the best onvay on the truths of the Ohristlan religion, and on the duty of its professors $o exhiblt tho Leauty LD, Dy (ho Itov, Toston ; Itoberls of godlinoss In thalr lives and convorsation, In answer to the aunouncoment of this fact, tha prosont ossay wes acnb in to Lhe committes of uwnrd, and reeeived the prizo promisod, "Tho'thosls 18 divided jnto oight points, vz, ¢ L, Tho Btatoment; IF,, ‘I'ha Method; IIL, 1V., and Vi Lrinciples; V1., 'The Ohriating tu Prayery: V1L, 'Tho Ohwistisn it His Tecrentiony; VIIL, ‘The Olnisbinu in 11ia Businesy. It iy, tukon as o whole, n calny, cleas, ond logleal oxposition of the Christisn's fuith aud piopor coursa of con- duet in rll tho exporloncos and ciroumstances of ovary-day life. ARCIITEOTURE FOI GENLRAL STUDENTS, By Canouivg W, HontoN, With Deseriptive Thustra. flonn, “19mb., pp. 287, Now York: MMurd & Toughton, ‘I'lvis yolumo has heen propared by the author, n teacher of Garrott Inntitute, with o view to supplying, in oue branch of Art, tho orying nced of anitablo toxt-books jn the atudy of * Art- Criticlsm." After o proliminary chapter on the engontial rmr&q and atyles of o bullding, tho work glves & concifo deseription of the differont orders of architecture that Lnve prevallod asmong olvillzod natlons in the vodrae of the world's hstory. In eonstructing this account, caroful roferenco hing beon ruado to the rolation oxlsting Dotwoon the varfons ordors, and that which con- nects thum with tho uationul lifo out of which thoy grow. T'hso hool will not only be useful In tho olass- raom, bul tho travelor and tho gonoeral reador will flud. it an aid to tho comprohonsion of what- over Bpecimen of architecturo como undor their observation, % Lotos=Lenven? Correspondence of The Chicado Lridune, Boszox, Dec, 4, 1874, * Of making many books thero is no end,” rung the proverb ; aud tho prosout soason ha boen oxcoptionally prolifie in books, and in good books. But thoro i8 always * room for oue more,” provided that one has chatncter and in- dividuality ; and suich a ono #s about to bo of- ferod by o J3oston house, William F. Gill & Co. Tha idan of publishing a book writton exelu- givoly by membors of tho * Lotos Club,” which, as i woll known, includes many of the best Amierican and English authors, originated with a member of tho Club, nearly two years sinco, "The gorm fructified slowly, for novel enterpriscs are not wont to run smoothly; but, at Inst, the worle was got well in hand, and is now, after o yoar of incessant labor, placed boforo tho pub- lie. Tor varioty, tho work, as comploted, will not quite equal Nonh Webster's Quarto Dictionary ; but its contonts aro, probably, moro varied thau those of any almilar collection by tho saine num- Lor of authors, Thero aro poems, storics, and esunys, Lo the numbor of thirty or moro differont subjeots, Thoro are full-pege dratvings, half- page dowigns, title-viguoltes, aund ornamental initials, to tho number of a hundred. The "esthetic and the popular tasto nro about cqually mot by this work; and that rosult is scl- dom aitained oven when espocially almed at. Iu this caso, it is sccured through the epecious ac- cidout_of circumsiances. No suthor was in- formed of tho intont of his brothor-syritors. Tach liad his specinl study to mako for this work, and oach hms turnod ont his part as inde- dontly as it painting a spocial picture for sn itfon. ‘The tout-cusemblo is & beautiful nlm:un:, symmaotrical, yob varied in its component varts, 1t s not thoe provinee of & critio to make com« parisows, Tho quahty and ustro of difterant goms. \'m" in immoasurablo degrace, yot each hiay sndividusl and unique charactoristivs. It may with proprioty bo eaid that noatly all the writ- ars have, in this boulr, displayod their powers in anew vein, Johh May has sonrod from the depths of dialoct verse to tho heights of heroic poesy in his ideal poem, * Liberty." ‘Whitelaw Roid unbends from his wonted resorve {0 writo of hig Lotos-eating dayain tho sonsu- ous land of the pine and the cyprese. Wilkie Oolling throws off tho mautle of thoe fatalist, and, in o truo romanco of Euglish life, posints in graphic outlines the torriblo wrangs perpotrated in Ingland undor the cover of the Commissions in Lungcy, * Petroloum V. Nasby” diops his bad spolling and iuvestad orfliography, and tolls o geuuinoly-humorous story of olerk-lifo in the letropolis 1. B, Oleokt, who has made toputation of lito by his singuiar writings np of spiritual puenomens, gives s valuable con- {ribution to tho listory of American Stavery, in “How Wo Hung John Brawn.” John Brougbam, the gonial dramatist, monuia trom his pusteboard throne to that of the art diving, and, in tho * Hymn of Princes,” givosto tho world ona of the most stivring pooms that havo boen written sinco Tennyaon's *¢ Chargo of tho Light Brigado.” ‘ennyson himsolf conrib- utes o part or himsell that his admirers will dearly prizo,—an suiograph lotter in which ho soeapts the dedication of the book. * Mark "I'wain " is mora like Liis usual solf, but moroe ox- {ravagantly norous than ever, in lis *Tn- countor with an Interviower,” The volume has other treasures, n_ dotailed montion of which would trospass koo largely upon your valuable space. l'flm mechavical production of tho book will sratify tho most fastidious of Liook-connoinsours, ‘I'ha dosign of the covers closoly follows the olassio Bgsptinn stylo, and, without snocking wood tauto, is brightly’ ornamental. The papor in thick, strong, aud glowing with that ripe tint o rofrentiug to the ove. “I'ho work 18 destined to enjoy moro than an epemeral popularity, and, it id to bo hoped, may eventually beiesued in such editions s Sill bring it within tho reach of those who upprociato itsoe- ful rather than elogant books. p Y Hoolw FRucciveds E, ESSAYS ON NELIGION, Dy Jons Stuane i ow York ; Ienry Hull & Oo, PuigsT AND MAN, Dy , Author of ©* Tho Iifad o iho Fast," ete. 13mo,, p. 404, Now York: Asa K, Tiutts & Co. STORIES FOR OUILDREN, By Bloven Sophomores, §0Varo 16mo., hp. 38, Boston: Roberts Drothors, THE RING OF NO-LAND. By I, L. Faumon, Ane thor of * Bludo-oGrubs,” cto,, etc, Paper, Now Yorl : Larpor & Drothors, 35 conts, e . Feriodicaly Rucoived. Dlackwaod's Mrlprln'lw for Noyvembor (‘The Toonard Seott Publishing Company, Now York). Contents: * Modern Stiontiflo Matorinlism ;" " Tho_Story Valentine, and s Drather™ (Purt X1.); he Abode of Snow (Part IT1)—~ ‘I'he Valloy of the Shadow of Death;” * Dritish Aesaciation, 1874 " (poom) ; ** Prunsian Military Maneuvros;” * Ancient Classics—Latin Litor- aturo;” “ No Highlands This Year” (poom); " Lord Dolling's Lifs of Lord Palmoraton," Alding for Decomber (New York). Ilustra- tions: Winter, Bpring, Sutmer, Autuma; An O1d Mill in the Jurs Mouatajngi Caught: Tho Rivals ; Winter I'astimes; The First Loswon; Mary of the Wild Moor; Horo's Your Christmus- Dinner; The Zackenfail, Doliemia ; What Koops Him # 8L, Asaph Cathedral (threo sngravings). Chicago Tcacher for Decomber (Alfred Kirk), tlinois _Schoolmaster for Dec¢omber (John Cook and Edwin ¢, Hewott, Normal, TIL). American Agricultuyist 'for Decomber (the Orango Judd Company, Now York), Literary World for Decombor (3, K. Orocker, Doston). Amerioan Historical Record for Decombor (ol B. Potter & Co., Phuludelphin). Voice of Masonry for Decembor (Balloy & Brown, Chicugo), : American Naluralist for Docember (Peabody Academy of Helonee, Satow, Mass,). (Working Work” and Play for Decombor Church Prblishing Company, New York), Catholic Fawily Almanac for 1876 (Catholie Publication Boctoty, Now York), Curront numbors of Littelt's Living. Age (Litiolt & Ciny, Boston) nnd Ar))wlunx’ Josrhial (D, Ap- ploton & Co., Now York] e THE CYNIL'S CREED, For tho crown of our life, as it closes, Ts darknees, tho print thereof dust] No thoru go as oo 1a 0 Foscs, And 1ovo 1% morn cruot thsn fist, Tiime turns the old duye to derislon, Our loves juto corpres or wives ; And nireingo and desth aud diviston Nake barreu our lives, —~Nwinburie, Extraorvdinary Scona in & Clhinrchs An oxtraordinary scoun_ovourred recontly at Zion Chapol, Nottinghwin, England, The appoint- ment of Me. Langlovd us minister is disputoed by a seotlon of tho oo rogution, B, Laugtord ontored the pulpit ou tho morning of Nov. 16, in #pito of o request thut he would not do so, und conducted the worvice, but in thoovenlng tha opposing bady ohtainad posuossion, oud Mr, Liuig- ford was stopped b tha pulpit steps, llo thou Kavo ont a liynm, in which purt of thoe congrega- tion Joinod, the opposition purty i tho samo tiute starting another hymn, thus produsing groat discord, Mr. langford began to preach, und the wihwister appointed by the opposition party coms menced readiug n pralm, My, Langtord prouched his sermon \vhfic his appononts wore singing, tod by the karmonium, Homo police oftleors wora in ultondanca, bt no violonco oceurred, Quo of the Comuittee of Managoment romarked that Mr, Langford was opposed undor legal advice aud-“'to further the oause of Obrist," L 874---TWELVE PAGES. FAMILIAR TALK. TIHE ADX OF THE FIRST NAPOLEON, The recontly-publishiod journal of Mr! Charlos Groville furnfsjios pomo interesting partioulars rogarding the non of Napoloon L, which wore communieatod to the nuthor by Princo Esterhazy, It fa woll known' thiat tho (U!-fated Duko of Relch- stadt died of consumption, 3t the carly ago of 215 nnd tho iden tas beon gonorully autartainod tbnt tho physieal feobleness from which ho suf- ferou through alt his lifo was accompanied hy a correaponding wonknoss of mind. Lator histo- rlang, howeyer, oscuping from the projudices that nffectod tho contemporaries of Napoloon I., lmve corrceted this improssfon, declaring that tho hoy posscesed & vigorous intellect, groat intonsity ot foellug; and that, had his ®ie boon prolonged, ho would undoubtedly have DPiayed a conspicuous part in tho woild's hiatory. "Lhis opinion is corvoborated by tho ovidenco of Princo Hstorhinzy, who says the Duke was giftad with wncommon talonts and possessod o tower- g mmbltlon, Mo ndored tho namo of lis Tuther, and rosonted with bitternesa tho Indiftar- auco with which Marin Loniss regarded the fato of the Iimnperor, by whom her shallow natura Tind never boen deeply stirrod. Tho Duko ovinced grent alfoation and gratitud for hfu gtund fathor, ol vod iy ‘ranz L, who ondowed him with the stato and rovenues of an Austrian Prince, and hud him tenderly reared and highly educated. Although the {(n\aer serupulonsly abscryod Tiis obligatfons to Louis Phulinpo, be #oerotly ndmired the goulus_nud amvition whicl the kon hind inhiotlted from Napoleon. The boy delightad in milltary oxorcinos, aud had hia fathor's artof ingratinting himuol? with tho sol- afors, who hold him as their idol, His thoughts wera {ucossantly upon France, and he pored day and night over tho hiatory of tha Emnumr's aplondid enraor, . Whon he heard of tho flight of Louls VIIL, ho oxclained with poignant ro- grot, * Why was I not thore to tnke my chanco?" A singlo anecdoto ropented by Estorhinzy shays that tho ubgorbing paesion of” the Duke's soul ovorpowered all the propeunitios of his age: e wau to nke bis first appearanco fn publio ol a il ut Lady Cowloy's (o which he bod sbown grent suxlety to go), and was burniug with impaticngo to amuse himself with danciug aud Wrting with the boaws tus bo hud adired in tho Praf from 9 {u tho evening to 6 tlio noxt morning, hio devoted himsalf to thusy Mnrshals, and converaed with them swithout cens- 3ng. Tnongh ho know wail enough nli tho odfim that attached to Marmont, 1ie sajd o him that hio was to happy of having the opportnnity of moking {he ag~ qualitance of ouo who had boeu among Ls fathor's carlicst companions, and who could telt i 0 many Intereeting details of his carlier daye, Marmont kub- equenily‘either did give, or waa o havo given, Lim fcasons {1 sirategy. Most touching nro_tha last, dospniring words of the boy, sddrossed to Iis mother as ho lay dying i the Talnce of Schonbruun: *Ich gebo ubter, meino Mutter, meino Muttor!” It way for thiy that Napoleou broke the hesrt of Josephino and married Marin Louiss, that ho misrht huve & son who should be King of Rome and Ing successor on tho throne of France. And the Loy was tulien from It wt a fguder ago, al- most Loo soon 1o recognize him, aud brought wp among his onomies, with tho splopdor bocoming o Xiug's son, but in reality fettored }iko a pris- ouner, and closed his shorl, ernmpod, frotted earcer at the Imperial tomb in Vienna, whick opened to yecoivoe him s fow months afser ho Lad attained his mnjority. YOPULATION AND MARRIAGE IN FRANCE. M. Block's recont volumes of statistics on Frunce, an compared with other nutions, give gomo curious information with rogard to the population of that country. It appears that tho French have insoneibly put in practice the theortes of DMoulthus nud alher political cconontists who have taught thut, to eccura the prosperity of a country, its population mnst be kopt within rigid bounds, Tha population of Tranco has been nearly stationary for tho lnut filty yonrs, snd cortainly tho woalth which the paople bove discovered since the war'lins as- tonished tho world, Whether the ono fact is not tho sequenca of tho othor, is s quostion worthy of consideration. In 1806, tho vopulation of Yranco was 20,000,000, In 1821, it Lad swelled to but 30,000,000 ; in 1871, to but 95,000,000, As, between these lost datos, Trance had lost 2,000,000 in the Trovinces of Alsace aud Lor- Tuing, and L guined 700,000 by tho anuoxation of Nico nud Savoy, tho teal increaso iv Lot population fn theso fifty yesra was 7,500,000, Aud this sugmentation did not arise {from any mereasio in tho number of hirths, but from the oxtondod duration of lives in France. In 1833, the numbor of births way 816,000. In 1870, it way 943,000, Thiy shows that, as timo has pro- grossed, or, in tho words of M. Ilock, *ad on- lightenmeut has incrensed,” the number of Dithy decrease in proportion to the population. It lso shows that the average lougevity of the pukxulutiun has incronzed. As M. Block justly argues, tho conditions of lifo in France havo improved. There ig less destitution, less risk in perilous occupations, and greater wodieal skill in the countor- uction of disesse, As everywhers olko, more male childron sre bora in Franco than fomale children, and yet there are al- witys moro women than men making up the poputation, But the difference in the Yroportion 1o less than in otbor countries, und is being con- stantly reduced. ‘Lhus, in 1871, tho proportion atood 49,81 men to G0.19 womon, ‘This result is one of thoe indiroct proofs of the prosperity of the uation, ns it indicutes that tho men ara losy sud loss lisble to death from want, disease, and davgerous voeations. ) With rogard to marringa in Trance, M. Block tostifies thut bore again the pooplo exerciso good senso, 'Tho grenter patt of them do indeod warry, but they are coutent to wait until their cironuisgancos nesurs them u rensonsble and per- manent suppore. The average age at Mhich Trenchmen marry i8 81 io Paris aud 30 in the weat of France, _ Tu theso lata marriages, i the opinfon of M. Block, lles tho primo secret of Frauce’s prosperity. A REMARKABLE ANDIAL-TRAINER. In the yeur 1731, in Perth, Scotland, was born the most remariuble ntimul-traiver in the world, 1iis nume was Bisset, and in early life be became a journoymau-shocmaker ; but baving o great fondnesy and faculty for wanaging nuimaly, he noon guvo himself up ontirely to this occupatiou, His first Buccees in educating brutes was with s horgo and doys,whom he tanght to perform muny curions feats, Ho noxt tried his skill upona coupla of monkoys, who soou learncd to dance on a rope, drinls to the company, ride and loap on the baoks of horses, and go fi:mugh intricate dances with their oquully-sccomplished compan- iou, tho dog. 'Threo young cats wore tho suce cceding subjecta of Blssot’s tultion, and these were inutructed to play upon dutelmors, appar~ ently readiug from music-books before thew, while they squalled a voeal accompaniment in three differont keys, or tones, producing alfo- gothor a chorus whoso piercing efloct the musi- cal may porhaps mnsging, . Tho fuma of Bisset's loarncd animals sprend rupidly, ond ho was finally jnduced to exhibit them iu London, A place in tho Inymarkot wis secured, and tho * Cats’ Oporn ™ advertised. Crowded honses responded to the advortismont ; and tho horso, the dog, the monkoys, and tha vats wenk through their respoctive’ parts amid groat applauso, In a briof timo the skilitul trainer fouml himaelf in possassion of £1,000 ay tha reward of lis novel onterprius. Encouraged by this succoss, Dissot sought other pupils in the nuimal Kingdom. Among thoso wus u loverot, which he taught to bout the time of soveral morches with his lind legs. Cauary-biras, nnele, and sparrows, caught tho trick of distinguishing tho hour and winutes of {ho day, and of spolling tho nnmie of nny person ju their audionce, §ix turkoy-caoks were mado to go through a couutry-dunce ; und, ln & single month’s timo, a turtlo learned to foleh and carry likon dog. _A gold-tish came to the surface ot Llis call, and fod from Lis hand, und answered in varlous otherinterestiug ways, Bissot's call upon 1ts mteltigonco. At \nu‘(th tho mastor brought his ingonnity to buur on that most obstinato ‘of all animals, the pig. 1o noarly mot Lis mateh this timo; but, attor & paticut discipline of n twolvomonth, gen nnmun-plgur wus rendorod dovilo ns a spaniel, and oboyed his toncher's every command, This supront croature could spoll, east up accounts, tell tho thmo of day, kueol aud make obelvanca to tho upactntors, nud otherwiso conduet liimaolt lke & gentloman of purts. But such oxtraop- inaty porcing wisdom could bo accepled as n natural phenomonon by the ignorauce of tho ugo in which it dwelt, and it begoan to bo whis- pored that Disset, who taught anumale to do all ut sposk, was in longuo with tho Dovil. This was enough to rouse the splrit of perscoution ; and one night, while the learnod plg was oxhibe iting his tricks in Banolagh, Ireland, tho mob, hended by stupld ofiicinl, broke iuto the root, dostroyed the apparatng with which DBiesett worked, and nssauitod him und hig plg so yivne tontly that they brrely oscaped with thoir lives, Thiy'evont wau followed voon after by the death of Dissob; but whother the odim that foll upon bim &8 o suspooted nocromancor Lind anytulug to do with hfs domliss, our Informant doos not toll na, A ORABTLY SPECTAULE. 'Tho City of Bordenux hoauts of an oxtraordis nory and uniquo oxhibltion, which, howovor, the reat of Lho world will not grontly covol. While cortain changea wora balng madein tha cemetory surrounding tho old Chureh of Et. Miokel, nt the beginuing of thiy contury, agmo Braves wera opened, and tho bodies Inid bire. 1t was then discovored that, by roason of the poeulisrly nne taoptio nuturs of tho oarth in which they were buriod, theso bhodies hnd beon convertod into ver- itablo mummics, They wore, therofore, hotsted out of thoir quiot graves, carriod futo tho crypl undor the holl-towor of the church, ranged up: rlght fu o ghastly line, and convortod into 8 “dumb ghow” for tho edifieation of the peping crowd. A ulight fea roonron tho privilego of "gazing upon this grim wpoctacle, nud throngs of inquisitivo slghte soers avn{l thomuolves of the opportunity, A cold-blooded fallow, with s candlo fixed on the ond of n atiok, according 10 the custom in wines wvollnrs, acts the part of ehnwman, and rovealy 1ho interesting foaturos of hisoxhibition by rape piug and flmm()lng the bodies at various points, to rmvo that thoy aro porfootly zountd, tongh nx leathor, and not I the least brittlo,—fust ni hix comrade in tho menngorio pokes up the animaly to make them growl nd give. eprctators the full worth of their money, Meanwhilo lto discourson on the character and condition of the wretchied mnmunics whilo they waro fn life, aud when ench probably would have mado him bitterly rito the wnsult of o familinr towch or word. *Heo horo, gontlomon,” ho rattles on with tho utmost aue susauco, tapping ono of tho bodics nearest him; “lhera Iy a vory tall man; ses how pows orful his musclos must have boen, and Yt oxcellent calves ho hna now! Tho noxt in the body of s youvg woman, Remark the ox- cellent preservation of her chomine, thongh it was burlod 400 yoars ago;, and seol it {8 trimmed. with Incol 'Who noxt, gontlomon, fs o priost; You can sea his soulane, with th buttons on it. Thora ts 8 woman with a dreadful chusm in hor Drest; #ho Lind n cancer, 'The next fonr are n family Yn[unucd with mushrooms; observe the contortions on their faces from the coliques thoy sullorod, Hou noxt a very old man, with s wig still awry upon iy pato, ‘Tbo noxt is a poor miserable that was buried nlive. Seo how lis head i turned to ono aide, nml the body haif- turned round, in the frantic offort to get'out of tho coflin, with his month open and gasping." And ag ho goes on down tho line, compellivg onch piteous victim in tarm to oxposo tho gries #ome yourets that woro hid in tho asylnm of the grave for centurios, to ha mm'nilcnkl{xdmg;;ud forth ot last for tho smusoment of £ho valgar multitude, YANKEE AND ENGLISI IDIOMY. _ Tho London Spectafor tnkes up an articlo on Yanlkeo {dioms In the Now York Tumes, snd adda therclo some suggestivo comments ou the pro- sumable derivation of severa! expressions cited, Tho Amorican writor notes tho oddity of the adjootivo “handy” ns sppiled to oxon that ara well treinod and essily managed; and his com- montator remarks that the probable menning of tho word ia * amonable to the drovor's hand," or “well-in-hand,” as is said of horses, The common use of tho torm I8 in tho senso of ‘‘near,” or **conveniont to the band;" and this meaning {8 not far removed from that of **con- veniont to tho hand," in tho sonse of *““manago- able,” which, tho Speetator adde, *'is ouly Latin far *haudy,’ aftor all.” On_tho phrase, * fore- honded,” " which is the Yankee siang for “well-off™ nud equivalent to tho elang torm in English, “warm,” the Specfator snys thak this ia almont idontical with the Euglish'idiom, * beforohand with the world,” suvo that tho Yankoo idiom curtly cuta oif tho explanatory clauga * with tho world,” With tho Bnglish, tho idiom includes an ides of time, and is in- touded to describo & mun who doos work in ad- vauce of his needs,—i. o., who snves, ** ¢ Fore- handed* looks,” eontiunes tho Speclalor, *asif it had moro reforenco to tho graup of mind which gains success by streching out 3 Linud boyoud the immediate #spot, 50 uB to u pute the condi- tionw of tho futuro ; aud tur covresponds rathior moro_closely porhaps with Yaukeo entorprisn then the iden ombadied in ono * hoforehand with the world,” which rognrds wimply tha eavingd to Lo mado out of *over-timo, " MUDERN LaYPT, Tho following briaf tabla of statistics, lutoly publivhed, givea a summary account of tho ma- tarial prosperity of Egypt. The caunlry lins at presont 5,400,000 inhabitants, and 7,204,640 acres of arable land, of which 4,635,000 aro under cultivatiou, Thelsnd-tax oxceeds, on the averago, £5 per acro. The ux,ponntlon of cotton in 187 amounted to 398,258 bales, woighing 2,161,648 owls. The exportation of sugar roachod 884,020 cwts, The traftic by the Hues Caual in 1874 comprised 1,171 steamers, measur- ing 2,035,270 tons, of winch 72 per vent carried the Dritish flaz. The number of passongers trapgported was 05,085, Tho receipts of the Qaual Compauy oxceedod $4,500,000. i dndi e THE LOVE THAT IS “ GOLDEN." No! Not with turbulence; Not with the fres aud weary of doubts Not with uncertaiuty compansed abouf ; With woolng aud coaxing to-day, And thvwusting nd erossing to-motiow ; Not with light laughter and pls Or too much troubly aud sorrow ; Or vexed tears, scorching the longing eyes; Or pititul glances, or ponitent sigle,~ Would I have'lovo, Yoi Caltm and carnest, good and true, Mellowed by tenderness through sud through Tiver the saino, vet ever new Quiotly watcbful 3 brooding abov, O'er mo, and round me—such fhe loye— Huch the love ouly I care to huvo: Datlent and reatful, boly, caln § Lifo's pulss and brath— Pouriug tuto afl wounde » bal, Enduring till death, ~Tinsley’s Mugazine. ——— ‘Thoe Empress Yosephine’y Handkers chilel. A corrospondont of the Purls American Regis- fer writos: “1 hiave 80 often heard French per- sons eriticise the unwillluguoss of Englisk and Amorican Jadies to namo cortain_srticles of tho fominina Lollet, that T was quite delighted o few days ago, in }.mmalng somng old clironicled, to find out that it was possible for tha Froneh to bo quite as prudish as we. ' Until tho reign of the Empross Josophine a handkerchiof was thought in France so shocking an objoct that a lady would mever have dared o uee i€ beforo any ono. Tho word ovon was cavefully avoided in refined couversae tion. An sctor who wonld have used n handkerchiof on the stage, ovon in the nioail tearful moments of o ply, would have been unmereifully hissed ; and It was only in tho bes giuning of the presoot century that a celobrates actross, Mile, Duchosnoise, dared toappear with »_handkorchiel in ber hand, Having to apent of this handkerchief in the courae of tha ieca kho never could summon enough cournge o call it by its true namo, but referred to it as a light tigetio, A fow yours later a trauslation of ano of Shakaponre’s plays by Alfred de Vigny having booun acted, the word handkerchief was uacd for tho iret time on the stego amidat crioy of indignation from a gront part of the houso. T doubt if eveu to-day Fronch clegantes would carry handkerchiefs 1f tho wifo of Napoleow L Imd not given the signat for adopting thom. The Empress Jogephiua, although really lovoly, bad ugly tooth. To conceal thom, sho was in the habit of carrying emall handkorchiofs, adorned with costly laco, which sho continu- ally ralsed grnceful(ljy 10 her lips. O course all the ladies of the Uourt followed her example, and handkorchiofs huve rapidly becomes an im- portant aud contly part of the feminine toilet ; so_much eo that the price of a singlo handkor eliiof of the troussonn of tho Duchoss of Jdin- l!.m»;:x would muke tho fortuue of u necossiicus amily = S A Rotel with Four Number Sixteons, Among those who went down to San Francisco from Sacramonto, says the Union, to attend tha race, was Dave D, It wus with great dillioulty thut ho obtainod a room Satmduy ovening, il tho large Lotels helng crowdod, "but flnully ha securadl ono in an establishmont on Third siveet, and thon went with some other Saciamontans to tho thoatre, etc,, returning to the hotel ot a protty Iato honr, Auneudmg to his roony, he oponed tho door and entered, but to his surprize found & woman in posscssion bafore lum. Bhe dldn't scem to bo very much pleased, jmlgin“ from the mavnor in which shoyolled *Muraor | Police! Laudlor-r-r-a!" ote. "Davo ondoavored to oxplain, but she didn’t want any explanation, and porsistod in shoutiug vigorously, ** Landlord, there's o wan In my voom? llelp! Murder!™ Qo oupants of other rooms bogan to make thelr ap. poaranoe, and Davo, not rolisbing tho idea of an. awering oo many quostions, rushed to the offica of tho s'mml. and inlangu :fi“ more omphatio than polite inquired of thoe clork what in Ban Franeig. ¢oha mount by pulting anolhor person in his room, ‘Tho elork, who wes of tho Teutonio per- sunslon, responded thut ha lLiad not done o, nnd inquirod whit roont wus weant, % What room ! roarod Dave; ** why, No, 10, that I engujced hours ago, and whoro thore's a woman churgln around i wilid a8 # Janatic.” Ol 1" afsonlate tho elegk, oxplunotorily, *dor fv four No, 10's in dls boue.”