Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 18, 1874, Page 4

[ TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. lll'rbfll or Invnlcmnlm! (I'AY‘:IILI I ADVANOE), mell,,.. §12.00 | Eunday.. Aoty eenens S L 00 | ooty Partaof a yoar at the samo rato, Ta prevent dolay and mistakes, bo surs and givo Post. ©Offico nddress in full, Including State and County, Roinlitancestiy bomada oithior by draft, oxpross, Port- Ofico ordor, o in registared lottors, at our riak, TENME TO CI1Y SUDBCRIBENS, Datly, dolivored, Suoday excepted, 205 conts porwook., Dally, dolivored, Bunday fnchudod, 3O conta por wook, THE TRIBUNE UOMPANY, and Deatborn-sts,, Chicago, Iit, TODAY'S AMUSEMENTS, EMY OF MUSIC—11alsted strost, botween Mad« PP DA T Vi b NVIGRERS THEATRE Mailon sisel batmson ind Biata. tinga 3 RSe Wonian ln Wiiio, W e ene of VIR HOOLRY'S THEATRE~Randalph, street, botween Ciark and Lasa The Virginian,” ~Aftornoon and svening. RAND OPERA-lOUSE—Clark streot, oppasite Brarinas Hoster nKqul\y i benta Mitnatraia. " Afiormoon and oveslog. MCCORMIOK HALL—North Clark street, cornor of inzia, DaMureka Cortcort-Troupo, iR KNI Conimulors 2450, DIG laxs of s iho hrder ‘of Tt U, ecurdor, The Chidans Tribune, Wendesday Morning, November 18, 1874. Prof. Bwing's lecture on * The Truo Cltizon ; or, & New Datriotiem for Chicago,” las somo solid meat in i Judge Murphy yestorday denicd the motion to quash the indictmont peuding ugainst David A. Gage, sud tho caso was got for trial next Tucaday. Smith, of Arkaueas, 18 zesily too ridioulous His following consiuts of one nawspaper editor, one Secrotary of State, and one United Blates Souator; aud none of these la much to spoak of. The rebellion js like the celobrated flea, which was more troublesomo to catoh than to kill. Good Republicans in this State will not regrot #o soroly as they havo up to this timo the fatlure " of Mr. McNulta to securo & re-cloction to Con- gross after they havo read the sccount, pub- lishod elsowhero in this paper, of a disgraceful sltareation in which ho wos concerned yesserday. S Tho Pacific Roilronds bove Leen proncunced comploto, and the port of tho land-grant hold In resorvo by the Government Lias been releasod. Tho pooplo are boginuiug to feel that they hevo paid roundly for these ronds; if there is any romaining obligation undischarged, it does pot belong to the Government, Judge Poland has boen sumaioned from Littlo Rock to consult with the suthoritios at Wash- Iugton in regmd to tho protensions of Suith, who sspires to tho Government of Arkansas. The Washington correspondonts are not 80 cor- tan as thoy ouco wero that the President will rocognize Smith. Everything seowns to rest upon tho opinion of Judgo Palaud. A, Caroless ness and avarico on tho part of trans- portatior ‘companies liave cost some lives al- ready, and soem destined to take mauy more bo- foro mauggers learn botter, Yesterday un ovor- loaded steamer, Iging at the New Orloans lovee, parted in tho middlo and went to tho bottom of the rivor. Dobit: thirty-five lives to avariclous managomont. According to tho Washington dispatch pub- Hshed in Tue Tninusz of yesterday, President Grant bolioves in Lord monoy, ntornsl improve- meats, and Civil-Servico Roform. Tho first and Ahird articles of thia croed will be gonerally ac- esptable i tho Tust, and all of them will bo ap~ proved by o majority of voters in tho West. But o declaration of principles which omits men- tion of civil righta and reconstruction is nob complote, It makos no appesi to the Bouth. Many merchants in Chicago will be interested im tho snnouncoment that eoveral departments of the Zion's Co-operative Mercaatile Store at Balt Lake City have boen #old cut. The dis- patch published clsewhere doos not state wheth- er tho Association i8 in financial straits or morely seoka to limit its business. Tho Zion's Co-op- erativo Asaociation is, of conrse, composed of Mormon Saints, and has o considersble credit amony busincss men in this city. Tho cont-miners in Southern Illinols, who bave lately been on o strike, decided yesterday to cowe to their employers' torms. A corre- spoudent of Tue Trinuse, sont specially to the soouo of tho atrilo, Teports that the miners bo- havod well, and that no violence was offerod to porsons or property, However, the arms fur- nished by the Btate Governmeut did not come much amisg, and possibly preventod the intim- idation of non-uuion men who had taken the places of strikers, —— The notoriously-inacourate Washington corre- spoudent of o Chicago evening ucwspapor hos iovented a rumor of war with Mexico. It is not easy to undorstond what can bo the object of o Republican journal in publishing an unauthonti- catod roport of this description, siuce its only of- Toct would be, if it should gain goneral credouce, to bring the Auministration into disrepute. The first Moxican War did not confor such laating glory upon the American name, that s socond cno would be eagerly espoused. Tt is o mistaken policy on thoe part of the Mich- igan Central Railrond Company in mecordance with which the Baltimore & Okio Company is subjected to a sorics of petty aunoyances, No obataclea that are placed in the way of the lattor Company will remain long; and, when tho bal- ane is atruck, tho Dlichigan Contral managers | will find they havae lost in pawer what they have gained in timo, Publio sympatby nlready in- olines In tho dircction of tho now Company. 'Iho Baratoga roads will nab regain what thoy lost by encouraging sod enforcing & syatem of appression, The Chieago produce markots wore very rreg- alar yosterday, but nearly unanimous In strength rarly, aud Iater woaknoss, Mesy pork was very tetivo, closing & shade higher than on Monday, & 819,00 por br) cash, and ©18,05@19.00 sollor iho yeay, Lard waa active, and advanced 15c per 100 1by, but closed weak at $13,60@13.60 cesh, wmnd $12.90 sellor tho year. Meaty were in fair #domand and 24@¢o highor, at 7o for shouldors, ¥Z@0J4c for short ribs, and 100 for short cloars, Uizhimines wore active und easlor, cloalug at 990 per gallon, Lake freights wero dull, Flour was quiot oud strong. Wheat was tamo and Jgo lowor, cloaing at883{cacllor tho month, «nd89}{c £r: Decomber. Coin was moderataly active and @il bighor, closlng st 773{o onsh, 783¢0 THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: WEDNESDAY NOVEMBER 18, 1874. seller tho yoar, and 780 for mow. Oata wero nctivo and J¢@3¢o higher, cloaing st 403{0. Ryo was quiet and steady at 88c. Barloy was losn notive and wosk, olosing &t $1.25. On Saturday ovening laat there wns In storo In tlus clty 072,47 bu whoat, 403,114 bu corn, 276,278 bu onts, 43,000 bu rye, and 260,331 bu barley. Hogs woro activo and atrong at an averago advance of 9250 § anlad at $0.50@7.26 for common to cholco oxtra at §7.80@7.50. Cattlo and sheop wers in good domaud and wero firm, Judge Booth's chargo to the Grand Jury in re- gard to the gambling eatablishments of Ohioago was a hoalthy sliock to the rufian elomont. All dsy yostorday the proprictors of the grand sa- loons wore in tho unhappy frame of mind of o criminal who Las boon ordered to execntion. The Grand Jury's roport has been prepared, but not mado publio, Whether indictmonts are ro- turned or not, the gamblers will have the un- comnfortable assuranco that one Judge knows his duty and dares porform it. Whilo thatJudgo ro~ maina in oftico, gamblivg will be &n unsafo busi- nesa to prosocute in Ohicago. A now olemont has beon introduced into Ala- bama politics, The Domocratio State Commit- toe, in tholr addross to tho peoplo of the Btato, “decm it appropriato first of all to roturn our humble and gratoful thanks to Almighty God* for tho succoss of the party in tho rocont oleo- tion. Hithorto the moral eloment of the politi~ cal strongth of the Republican party bns been * considored a falr subjoct for the sncora and morriment of the Democtacy. Now that the Iattor has got down upon its kneos, however, wo may expect this kind of merriment to coase. It is & hopoful sign when the Democracy grows roligiona. Wo hopo it 18 not & spasm, but that it will continue, While tho Iamp holds out to burn The vilest elauer mny return, The alloged diapatch from Heary M. Cooper, Bocrotary of tho Ropublican Ceutral Commitico in Arkanens, to Seuator Dorscy, afiirming that indiscriminato arrests are bolug made by the Garland Governmont, and that a reign of terror oxists in tho Biate, provesto bo, as we eaid it was yesterday morning, s fabrication out of wholo cloth, Mr. Coopor deuios tho au- thorship of tho dispatch, sud esye he nover gont Buch a tolegram to Senator Dorsey or anybody else. He knows of but ono man who has boen srrested for political reasons, and that man kea siuce boon discharged from custody wiiliout tho infhction of any pun- isbment or the offer of suy indignity. So much for Senator Doraey's tologram. Tho incidont in- dicatos what kiud of tactics tho advooates of Smith have been compelled to adopt. A reador of Tne TRinUNE writes from Gales- burg, Nov. 14, as follows: * Why is it we con- not get your papor here from the irain-boys at the station when the train arrives? A dozen peoplo oalled for it to-day, fucludiug myself, bat tho boy had not & copy ; he bad plenty of the other Chicago papers, and told us that **if wo did not tako them wo should have to go without nny.” Yosterday it was tho same, Ouly onco this woek could I secure a copy of Tag TrinuNg, for which thore is now a largely-incrensed do- mand. Aro the train- boysbiibed to bring only the othor daille ? Tt looks like it." Aunother writes from Tonica, 16th inst., * What s the mwatter with the train-newsboys, that we cannot get any TmucNEs {rom them? Evary doy thoy give the samo suswer, ‘All sold out; baven't got any loft But why tho mischief don't theylay inalarger supply upon leaving Ohicago? Is it necousary to pass this station overy day with an armful of Times, which poople don't want, and no Tribuses, for which thero is alivoly domand? Fivo or six other mon at this station want TninoNes, but we can't got thom from tho newsboys onthe train., Somethivg lias got to bo done about it. The nowsboys have no right to digoriminate in favorof ons paper sgainst anothor.® THE UNION-PARK JOB, The Uniou-Park-addition job wes noarly suc- cessful on Monday night. It received amajority vote, but failed to obtaln the tweuty-one votes required by the charter, but camo within two votos of it. The price proposed to be paid for that triauglo of ground wss out of all proportion to its actual value. Lot it bs put up at public auction and sold on canal terms of payment, and it will not bogin to bring $100,000. The lot contaius 73,220 square foet, or something like an acro and wo-thirds. Who is there in or out of the Council who pretenda to say that gruung facing Union Park {a worth in the market $178,- 000 por acro, or tha Lalf or the third of it? The great mass of tho tax-payers regard the attempt to palm off this pleco of ground on the city as an outrageous act on tho part of Aldermen, acting with afull knowledgo of the embarrassed financisl condition of tho city, Wo havo had in tne past soveral rovelations of the ordioary practico adopted in selling real estate to tho city. In the first place, the owner puts down a liberal prico for the proporty ; to this he adds a largae per- centago for the agents who oroto wark up the catio, and anothor large fund for division amon the Aldermen who are to voto for the purchase, In tho bribery cagos tried o fow years ngo, tho publio were informed Low this distribution was managed. If twonty-ono votes wero nceded to passa job, then » sum of monoy equal to twenty- one times theamount to bo paid to csch Alderman was dopositod to the credit of some solacted per- son. Whon tho ordinance was passod, thon each poreon on the list rucolved his feo. That hay ‘boen the practico for goveral yoars, It waa car- riod to its fullest extent in the Council in ofico at tho time of the flre, It Is significantand oml. nous that the Union-Park-addition fraud re- coived ** ninoteon " votes,—the numbor onco fa- mous and now historical In tho aunals of the Chicago Common Council, ‘Wo havo described tbis property on & former cccasion, It is triangulor block, situsted bo- twesn Warrou avonue on the uorth, Ashland aveonuo on the weat, Mndison street on tho south, and Ogden avenuo on the east. It contains 78, 220 Bquare feat, or about an ore and two-thirds, "I'io valug,of this picce of ground was cstimated by Ald. Cooy at uot over $160,000, by Al Bid- well at $116,000, snd Ald, Hoath, who lives in tho neighborhood, eaid that the same amount of far moro oligiblo property could be purchased in the neighiborhood for 98,721, The price pro- posed to be pald for it by the city Is $208,000,— loaving & margin of §171,000, Tho proporty is, withall of Unlon Park, fu the Twolfth Ward, Tho park Ia & nolghborhood park exclusively, It laof no epeclal advautago, or convenlence, or plensure to any portion of the poople of the city save thoso of portions of the Twolfth and Thir- toonth Wards, & part of the Tenth, Eloventh, and TFourteouth Wards, Ald. Campbell snd Moore, of tho Thirteenth Ward, Ald. Heath, of the Twolfth Ward, Ald. Cloveland, of the Fourteontts Ward, and Olark, of the Tenth Ward, who ropregent that immodiate neighborkood, all voted againat the transparent fraud., Now lot us ego tho localitton roprosentod by tho gentle- mon who voted for this improvement of Union Park: Sotth Diviston—TFoloy and Warrcn—3, WWest Division—McClowry, Cullorton, Hfildreth, T, F. Balloy, O'Bries, Woodman, White, Miner, Quirk, aud Eekhardt—10, North Diviston—3abr, Blout, Schafnor, Lengacher, Murphy, Cannon, and Corcoran—7, ‘Total, 19, Wo aro wholly at a loss to acoount for tho votes given by four or five of the Aldermen in tho abovo lst, Thoy ara belioved by the people gonerally to bo above bribery or oorrupt influ- onces. Their record herotoforo on all jobs and Bchomos of doubtful charaotor haa boon good and Lonoat. Wo cannot bollevo thoir votes in favor of paying such a shamoful price for this wholly unnecessary picoo of ground wore purchased or corruptly influenced. Tho most charitablo con- struotion to put on thelr sction fa that thoy wore voting in orror ae to tho actual value of the ground or tho nocosalty for ita purchaso, or that thoy allowed porsonal importunity and porsus~ aion of outsido interosted parties to ovorcomo tholr botter judgmont. . But what shall be enld of the motives sud ronsons which controiled tho votoes of s dozen of the othors? Pooplo will cortainly draw tholr own conclusions, whioh will not be flattering to tholr reputation or integrity. Itis enrprising that any of them ventured to vote for the pur- chase without haviog first countod noscs, and beon suro thoy had 21 votes cortain, and onongh in resorvo to pass it by & two-thirds voto over tho Mayor's voto, for of courso ho would havo put tho oxecutivo scal of gondomnation upon o outragoous an attack”on tho Tressury of the city. Sinco writing tho above we have ledrned some facts which may throw light on the subject. Wo are informed that this plece of land is chiefly owned by Mr, Sam Walker, aod tbat he owes tho Second Nationsl Bauk about $180,000; that the Becond Nationsl Bauk susponded, having £180,000 of tho funds of the city (D. A. Gago, ‘Treasurer,) in its possossion. Thelandis worth, if wanted, 375,000 to 8100,000. If tho city will giva 268,000 for it, then Mr. Walkor will pay tho Second Nattonal Banlk, the Bocond National will psy Mr. Gago, aud Gage will pay tho city $130,000 on account. Why not give $700,000 at once, and discharge oll his liabilities and pay Walker's debts besido ? THE REINCORPORATION PETITION. Tho petition for the reincorporation of Chicago, which Was signed by 15,000 of tho voters and tax-payers of this city, bas taken tho direction which we indicated it would in a former article, As 8oon 88 tho petition was read in the Council, tho motion wag made torofer it tothe Committoo on County Relations, followed Ly suother motion to refor it to tho Judiciary Committeo, the latter referonco being adopted, upon the absard snd insultivg grounds that more thao one-third of tho signens wore not legal voters of this city. A rosolution to fix the timo for voling on the ques- tion of roincorporation waa then reforred to tho samo conveniont qusrter, The third resolution, to Instruct the Committce to repost noxt Monday evening upon the foregoing resolu- tion, wes dofeated. Ald. Foloy capped tho cimax of impudence and insult by offering a resolution providing for *The ap- pointment of a spocial committee of three citizous from cnch dlvision of the city to open in their respective districts a placo centrally loeated, for at least ten days, to ensble signors ot tho petition presented by the Citizens’ Com- mittes to come forward and duly qualify them- solves as legal votors at tho olection therein named.” The Judiciary Committco now have tho wholo matter in their hands without any iustructions, and they will report when thoy seo fit, notwithstanding tho fact that tho siguers of this petition have asked the Council to order & ppecial olection guarantoed them by law, This Committee will delay the roport up- on the petition a8 long o8 thoy dare, and will thon report in such form that it will go to another committeo, and thus action will bu delayod until suck timo as the majority of the Council fanoy tho public intorest in the mattor hias died awsy, and then nothing more will bo Leard of it. The friends of the measure in the Council aud tha Citlzons' Association must s¢p that the legal rights of the people of thia oity aro not trampled upon in anysuch mau- nor, and if the bummers in tho Council, who are afraid thry may bo loft out in the cold, persist in thwarting the will of the people, thon let the Domocratio party be hold rospousible for it The ovly way in which the people of this city can obtain thoir righta is by constant vigilance. CONGRESBIONAL PAY. A foature of the Congressioual Balaries uct, rot ropealed, is that which provides for tho monthly pay of members-clect, upon thewr cor- tificatca of otection, boforo the assombling of tho Congress to which thoy are olocred, Tho pay, therofore, of Benators, Roprosontatives, and Dolegatea iu the Forty-fourth Congress, at 85,000 oach por annum, will begin on the 4th of March, 1875, and the sevoral monthly paymonts during pine months before that Congreas assombles (on tho first Monday in December, 1875) willeall for an expenditure of $1,402,600 out of the PublicTreas- ury. ‘This, for the supposcd sarvica of & Congress that ia mot fn service, and for tho pay of mem- bora who are at homo attending to their unsunl business affairs, is & featuro of the salaries ques- tion which the people have fully understood, and, rogardless alike of persons ar of pasty, condomn. In no othor official station are public mervants pald for sorvice beforo gorvice bogius; and o mattor-of-fact people can 800 no good reason why Congrous should make an exception solely in tavor of itsolf. This provision by Congress for the mauner of itsa own pay—popularly known sa tho *‘forward pay "—waa ombodied in an appropriation bill, soparatoly from sud gomo wocks boforo the §7,600 salary act (and *baok-pay ) of Mazoh 8, 1873, and was not em- braced in the ropeal of that act. 8o when Con- gross gave up the 87,600 salary and roturned to tho 5,000 salary, tho provision for forward pay was all untouched, and, unless repoaloed this win- tor, the * forward pay" of next yoar will call for an aggrogate exponditure of $1,402,500 upon the memborahip of a Gongress not yet organlzed or in aossion, . Tho moro atatoment of this fact, ealling at- tontlon to 1t, should bo enough to1usure & re- ponl, But thoro are other minor fontures which show that systom to be, in detail, a fraud on tho public. Thero are sovonteon soats in the Houso to bo fAlled by olootiona aftor the 4th of March, 1875, viz.: New Iampahire, threo, in March ; Qomneoticut, four, In Aprit; Oalifornis, four, In’ Boptembes ; Misslesippl, slx, in Novombor, Ihore has alrendy occurred (by death) a vacanoy 1n the Tonnesses dolegation. Other vacanclos, by reslguation or death, msy bo expeoted to ogour, a8 they usually lhave jocourred, among the membership-elect, Tho Balartes aof, 88 now oonstrued @nd enforoed, paye some mon (doad men) for wesvics nover to bo rondorod; others aro paid from s date pre- codlng tholr oloation ; and, i tho oases of con- teatod noats, tho man with the cortificnto gots all the **forward pay," oveu though he bo unsoated, whito ho who finally wins tho soat lgote pay ouly for tho remajndor of tho torm. Tho Tenncesce membor-elect (Col. Head) baving dlod beforo tho 4th of March, wo prosumo the pay for that scat would bo withheld in favor of the man who shall be elooted, s yoar honos, to fill it; but in 1873 aovoral membors-olect diod, whose salarics waro pald to the day of decease, sud thoir suc- cossors wore pald from a day which procedod ovon & cauous nomination to the vacant soat. In tholr most avowed ropugnance to tho enl- srioa loglslation of Congress, the pooplo Lsvo nowliore exprossed an unwillingnoss that mom- ‘era of Congress should have adoquato snd just componsatios. If $10,000 for tho whole Con- grosalonal sorvice rendered, or to bo rondored, in » torm of two yoars, bon sum upon which Con- gressmon and the people can agren, lot that sum bo oxpendod s sorvico is rendored, and only to those who sotually sorve. The * forward pay” fonturo should be utterly ropesled. And, while Congresa is about it, tho Congress this wintor would do & suitable thing to ropesl all logislation for Congrossional pay hayond the 4th of Aarch, 1876, and romit the wholo subjoct of futuro sal- arios to the now Congross, THE ' PANIC” AND THE NORTHWEST, A yoar ago s terriblo panic paralyzed tho busi- ness of the country. Jay Cooke & Co. and many other Isrge houses failed; tho banks in Now York and 8t. Louis, sud most other cities, stopped psymont, aud financial ruiu stared in the face everybody who bad any geusidorable in- dobtednoss afloat. Some of our own banks bowed befors the storm ; but more of them brav~ edat, it is bolioved, than in sny other clty in the country. From this disaster the Wost bogan to recover sooner than any othor section of the Unlon. The improvemont Las been alowly but stondlly going foiwazd, till mow but lLittle ro- moins to romind us of tho daogers aud trinls through which we wero passing ouly a yesr sgo, Tho causes which have pro- moted thia oarly roturn to comparative prosperi~ ty can bo found largely in the romunerative pricos our farmers havo recelved for their pro- ducts ; the fact that thoy had last yoar an abun- dance of thom to sell ; that thoir Eastorn and European customors wero forced to huve them ; and that the freight-chargos for tho year have boon on an averago loss than nsual. During all thieso moutha our paople have been practicing cloao oconomy. They have sold more iu vslues than they have bought, and hence some havo boen liquidating obligations, while othors huve been apeedily sdding to their wealth aud pros- posity. * 1t is now estimated by our bost informed com« ‘mercisl statiaticians that our shipments of cereals castward this year may fall Lelow those of tho last about 10 per cent. While, sinco July, the price of wheat has beon much lower than for the yoar previous, the better figures realized on corn and oats, and soma articles of provisions, will make the valuo of our exports eastward fully oqual to what they ware for the year 1873. The footings of tho values of theso shipmenta wore just sbout $200,000,000. It ia ensy to eo liow, by cconomizing in & hundred ways, tho people of tho West have probably saved some milllons of dollars during the padt year. Houce the better cou- dition of trade, and the healthier motivity smong our merchants and dealors than is alaimod for New York and other cities upon the Atlantic sesbonrd. With a right understandivg of that fundamen- tal principlo that to buy less than wo ell al- ways tends to make ua richer, and by activg rigidly in accordance with t, the West can bid defiance to all commercial crises. If our export trade, not to speak of our lumber, manufacturos, and other products, now foota up in a siogle yoor to $200,000,000, what will it be before tho contury cloges ? It might be plenssnt to teke that first shipmont of grain—seventy-cight bushels of wheat, only thirty-six yeary ago—as a basia to estimato our chances for permagens progperity in this city aud tho Northwest. — 'WESTERN RAILKOAD TRAFFIO. A Committoe which hss boen investigating the finoncial condition of tho Pennsylvania Railroad Compavy has submitted a report, part of which i8 of eapecial interest totho Wostern farmer. The Company owns or controls 8,026 miles of road woat of Pittsburg. The report on this seo- t10n nocossarily treats of tho Btates from Ohio to Nobraska as a unit. This diminishes its value, inasmuch as things that are true of Illinois are not necossnrily true of Kansas, and vice versa. Howevar, the Committoo, speaking of the wholo section, aays that its growth has beon abvormal ; that its railroads cannot be profitablountil manu- factures have gained a better footing; and that it is too far from tho Europeau, and even the Eaatern, consumer to gend its produota to thoso markots, Thoysum up their sweeping atate- ments ag follows: Wo liave thus thoso three facts bafore us ; 1. Thut thio tonidency of prices for the products ef the farm i downward § 9. That the cost of transportation cannot be safoly reduced below oxlsting ratos ; 4, That the producta of the farm from tho Far West will not, at the present rates, profitably bear railroad transportation to the East and pay tho railroad com- pauy o falr prico for ita carrlage, or the farmor & Just roward for his labor and capital inveated, The Railroad Gazlle very proporly takes jssue with the Committes on the second of theso assertions. Tho flrat, despite the Guzette's opposition, scems to ua woll founded. Tho outablished doctrino of the tendeuocy of profits to a minimum makes it probablo. The present discontent among Westorn farmers may fairly bo considered as the result of diminished profits. Tho socond of the Committoe's conclusions may, howover, bo fairly vebutted, An incromse of trafiio would certainly make a reduction of rates praoticable. The roport iigolf atatos, in another placo, that an incresso of 80 per cont in tho capital of the Pennsylvania Central has allowed an increase of 280 por cont in tho amount of froight, It is plain, theo, that it more froight ia offcred, loss ratos may eafoly be clinrged, and, it no more roads are built, those uow ia operation are sure, from the natu- ral growth of the country, to scouro moro traflie. I'he Gazelle agroes withi the Committoo's third conolusion. Bodowe. It ia important to ob- sorve, howover, that It is true only when the “ ¥ar Wost" {s concerned, aud whou grain is the thing to be transplantod, Oattle, wool, eto., can Biill be profitably carriod, Graln cannot be, an all-fail voutes, but may bo by water, The obvl- * o conoluslon, which tho Committeo naturally omits, aud tho Gazetlo apparently forgets, to draw, is that Wostern grain-growera must, if thoy would livo, huvo cheap wator-tranaports- tion, They need tho Rock Island & Hennapin Canal; thoy neod the enlargoment of tho Erio Canal; aud thoy need tho ratifloation of the ponding Reciprocity Treaty with Oanads, or the mnogotlation of » new ane by shich the provisions now propossd in regard to tho uso of the enlarged Canadlan canals by our vossols mny bo conflrmed. Auother infereace might bo tho advisabillty of rajeing cattle iustesd of grain, Tho exportation of hoof on the hoof Lina but just begun. It is capablo of indofinito oxpavsion. The owners of the Anchor Lino of oconn stoamships carried oattle to Glasgow on thoir own account in the summor of 1878, and cloarad, 5o a Glasgow motchant informs us, 100 por cont by the spoculation, Such profits are & lond call to Western land-ownera to exohange cropa for cattlo, EXPORTS OF ALCOHOL, The Now York Journal of Commarce relates & commercial griovance which cortainly calls for rollof. Prior to 1872 the oxportation of dlstilled apirits was ombarrassed by various legal roatric- tions, In August, 1873, the law was changoed, aud Amorican slcohol bocame an articlo of in- areasing export to the advantago of the manu- facturers. In 1878, tho oxport waa 50,000 bar- rels, The rapid incronse of the trado seomed to invito tho {nterferonce of certain officials, Un- der tho sct of 1872, the exportors bad to furnish abond to secure tho landing of the spirita In foroign countries. Two suroties wers required, each of them bound fu double the smount of the tax, The tax for each proof gallon is 70 conts, making $1.81 for cach running gallon. Esch so- ourity, theroforo, was bound for £2,62 on oach gallon exported. The value of the alcohol aver- agos about 50 centa a running gallon, so that tha ‘bouds wero for ton times tho value of the articlo. The exporters, bowever, managed to fiud soou- ritiea on thero bonds, and, though the trade be- onmo oxtensivo, the Government did not lose & dollar. A cbaoge was, howovor, made, and the distillers wore required to give bond for export; snd then, in July, 1874, tho law was again changed 60 as to sllow the spizits to leave tho distillory under a transporta- tion bond, which might bo exchanged at thoe port of shipmont for an oxport bond. Now comes suother change. The law says the sureties on thene bonds must be ** eatisfactory to the Colleo- tor,” but the Rovenue Departmont has issued ordera that osch surety shall on oath justify that ho ia worth the amount of the bond in unincum- bered real eatato, This strikos at tho possibility of gottinyg suoh bonds. Morchants in New York whoso notes or bouds are good for any amount at tho baok or on 'Changoe sre not intorested Leavily in real estato. Thoy havo use of their capital otherwise. Soventy-soven morchants of Now York engaged in the trado havs sskod that this last order bo roversed, and tho Department Les refusod it. The policy of the Reveouo Do- partment soems to bo to break up the exporta- tion of alcohol and to keop it at home, whilo the 1ntoreats of the country scem to point out that tho larger the export tho botter. Wo think exportation of spirita is omo of the wisest policies that could be adopt- liborally encouragad by Congress. The production of split in the Umited Btates Is very great. How much of it escapes taxation we do oot koow, but suppose the proportion must bo large, If it wore all ox- ported, the country would loso tho revonuo dorived fromit; but wo do not kuow that the national loss would bo so groat. Bpirits aro taxod beeause they are an ovil, unavoidable it may be, but not the less an evil. If the Govorn- ‘ment would encourage the exportation of spirits rather than sook to compel their consumption at homo, it would not only benefit tho manutacturer and tho grower of tho raw mstorial, but wonld benefit socloty generally. There is no reason why, with the abundanco of tho raw matorial produced in this country, our exporta of alcohol that the ed, snd should . Do may uot in time equal our exports of petroleum, aod be like that & source of nationsl wealth, far moro componsating than tho revenue now calleoted from the homo consumption. There appesars to bo no doubt that Mexican rangors aro again at the exciting and profitable pastime of ‘raiding ovor the border. Tho Gal veaton (Tex.) News gives an acconnt of arald on Los Almos, about 100 miles from the Rio Grande. bandy of sobbers have collocted cotton, cattle, and horses from various parts of Toxas, and carried off their booty unmolestod. Of course whon dry goods, eattle, and other commodi- ties aro too exponsive for purchase, a cheap and practicable means of obtaining them opens upin s raid ; but the laws of modorn socioty are aingularly barren of encouragement to thia fres aud onsy atyle of obtaiuing possession, Moxiean dollara are just a8 good as gold, and the good people of Toxss would profer coin to cursos in excbange for their products. In fact, unless homp offers such attractions to the raid- ora that thoy have carried off all that is availablo in tho noighborhood, a judicions application of it to tho maraudors would be adviesble, OF courso, before cooking o baro it is pecoseary to catch him; but if the Texsns caunot mako a propor proparation for a feast of jugged Mexi- can Lire, they do not desorve sympathy. —_— Thero was an adroit robbery of an exprass car at Delawaro Station, & little hamlet on tho Dol- awore, Lackawsnoa & Westorn Railroad. Tho train stoppod at thostation for supper, rematning thoro fiftoen minutes. Tho express messonger bolng hungry locked the safe, shut the door of tho expraas car, lockod it, and bolted off o sup- por. Ho forgot the door of his caron the other sgido of the platform, Tho robber remomberod it, oponed it fu.a fow seconds, plced & tio against the car, and by main force slid the safo—s mero won box welghing 218 pounds—to jthe track, closed the door, and lugged his ponderous cap- turo away. Coming to & high fence, hio pulled down onough of it to admit the saflo, aud after dragging it fifty yards further priod it opon. Ho ‘mado a hurried examination of its contouts with a light, and scourod §3,000 in cash and jowelry, leaving nearly four times that smount in groonbacks, done up in paper in such & manner that he could not discover what they wors. Tho robbery aud examination wore com- ploted o rapidly that the train bad barely loft tho station whon a residont of the villago en- countered & man running from tho spot. A fow minutes lator the safo had beon discovered be- foro tho expross messongor had missed it, and roflectod upon his ostrich-like stupidity. The will of the late G. B. Lamar, who, bafore the War, was ono of the largest cotton-plantors and slave-ownord in Mississippi, and who mado bis namo quite genorally known by his cotton claims, was admitted to probate rocently in Now York, Ouo of tho provisjons of the will dircots is oxecutors to press his clalms upon the Gov- ornment for upwords of 7,000 bales of cotton which, ho alleges, wero illogally sclzed during tho War by tho Troasury ofloluls, and to divide $100,000 of tha amount betwoen tho Mayor and Aldormen of Augusta, Ga., and the Oglethorpe Infirmary of Savanual, to establish and sustain oup or more hospitals for colored porsons in each of uaid olttos, who have boen slaves, ana tholr doscondouts, glving proforouce to those which betonged to or were hired by Lamar himsolf, ospooially to provido for tho old, tho decropit, the blind, the doaf and dumb, the lusane, and for cavo of lying-fu fewnales for not mora thsn six weoks on onch occaslon, As those claima have beon sottled by tho Government aince the making of the will, tho prooseds, of courue, will be dovoted to tho noble and humsna purposes suggeatad by the tostator, the frilis of tholr lae succcoded remains to bo tried, tho Partios of raidors havo alao becn soen crossing the river with balos of calico and other ovidencés of spoliation oo their horses, while bor thus proving a compsnaation to the ex-slaves tor the bittarnoss of thelr former sorvitude, —_— Boaton camo noartaklug a friendlysteptoward ono of tho depandencios, Enast Boston, by moaus of an engincoring entorpriso of the description now g0 popular in Obfcago—a tunnol. Binco the fafluro of tho Massachusotts Leglslature, in 1807, to paes an aol authorizing the conatruction of a bridge across Boaton 1arbor, no active stops had boen taken toward joining tho two locslities ©oxcopt by forry, uatil Maj.-Gen, John G. Foster dosignod a tunnol for the purposo, A oharterhad boon obtaled for & tunnel undor the harbor from & point nesr Long Wharf to Enst Boston, and Gaon, Postor had obtained & furlough from tho ‘War Dopartmont, asking no more companastion than the differonce botwoon i duty and fur- lough-pay for suporintonding the work., His dosign was to construct a tunnel of shoot-iron i sections, thua dolng oway with a1l nccossity fora coffor-dam, and build & brick tunnol inside it. How this syatom of bailding would heve Unfortunatoly for Boston, Gon. Fostor's doath, a fow weals since, proventod his prosecution of the work, and loavos it doubtful whotlior any other engi- noor Is compotent to take it up whoro ho Jott it. A rumor of war wag started in Now York Saturday by the announcdment that 8,500,000 pounds of saltpotre had been ordered from Europe, snd upon inquiry it was found that such an order had actually been givon to a Pearl street firm, The fact waa that s Japanese Gov- ornmont purchader Lad been on the ground en- deavoring to buy up saltpetro in tho inferests, not of peace alone, but of war with Chia also, Tho price asked him waa too large, and ho re- grotfuuly sought the European manufacturore, who undoubtedly wers ondeavoring to buy up what thoro was,on hand in the American mar- ket. Acco.ding to Mr. Gladatone and tho cablo dispatchos published yosterday, there is more danger to be approhonded in Europo from Saint Potar than from saltpetro. —_—_— At the mooting of the Womaa's Temporance Unfon, beld 1n this city yosterday, it was reported that a ealoon-keeper who bad boen forced into business by ciroumstances was very tired of it, and would quit it i ho could be Lelpo# out of it and holped into some other. By s littlo observa- tion, tho good woman of the Tomperance Union will find numerous othor people who have been forcou futo various kinds of busincsa by circum- stances, and who would like to bo helped into somo othor,—and peopls who are much moro deserving of help than saloon-keapers. —_—— AMUSEMENTS, THE DE MUBSKA CONCERT, The second concort of the De Murska season takes place this ovening at MoCarmick's Hall with & most sdwirable programme. Those who wero detorrod by the weathor fiom sttendlng the first concort shiould not misa this opportunity of hearing the great csntatrica and tho excellent artista who accompeny her. It is many & yoar since wo have had such an ensewnbls of concort talent hore, and such romarksblo success both in & vocal and ipstrumental poiut of view. Iwa do Murska ls an artist who descrves the com- phment of & house crowded with the musical connoisgourship of the city. She hes stood in the front rank of the great singers of the world for wany yoars, sud it is douvtful whotber thora {s another singer now living who can compete with hor in tho execution of tho bravura style of music. Such an artist should moet with a most cordis! grecting. The othor artists are deserving the same compliment. Not to hear Brags's 'cello playing will bo a misfor- rotensions to musical evening will be as tuve to thoss making tasto, The programo followa: PanTL 1, Trio, In A, for plano, violl o irely M ) 2, Bong—" It Qught Not ‘Thus to Ba Nerr Theodore Habelmann, 3. Violoncello solo—* Sponde di Bavens,” Braga. 5. Violin olo—* Le Strogn Jions. Lmile 6. Cavatina—* Ganarentola™, Signor Ferrandi, FART 1L 1 Duet, for plano and YOl .. oevesasiressas Mme. Carrenc-Sauret and Mo, Sauret, 2. Agis, 4 Pre-auz- Olercs" for soprund snd vio, 3. Violoncello salo, Signor Gaetano fOraga, 4. Bong, “Tho Wanderer ... cov. o Herr Theolore Habeimann. 5, Piano solo, * Bilver Bpring” e, Curreno-5 6. Duat, “ Don Pasqualo™. Mlls, Tiwia de Suraka e NOTES AND OPINION. In Ponneylvania the Prohibition vote is very nearly the Democratic majority, viz.: Ropublic- au, 272,616; Democrat, 277,195; Prohibition, 4,692 ; Domocratio plurality, 4,679, Tho Legis- Inture is Domocratio. Havo tho ‘‘atraight Pro- hibltionists ® gained anything ? —The Richmond Whig of Nov. 14 gives the full vote in Virginia, for Cougross, &8 follows : Democrat, ,700 {ewsry. Jobiison, Harbour, aud Ao o depondent Democrats, supported by Republicans,] ~In the First (Paducah) Diatrict of Keutucky, Judge Boon, Demoorat, is elocted to Congress by tho meagro plurality of 82 votes over Oscar ‘Turner, Independent Farmors' candidate. Col. Thomas J, Pickett recolved the Republican vote, ~The Bloomington Pantagraph says of the Axkangas situation: Bmith's elsim #won’t hold water,” We have had abundant instances in thi couniry of Constitutions framod and adopted with ull sorts of icreguiarities, but which bave nevertlieleas bosn recognizod as binding by the Goneral Govornment and everybody else, the Yola of the people giving them vitality enough ta dvercomo all objoctions of & formal and {echnical nature, Tho adoption of 4 new Constitution {a in tho nature of a Zovolution it i the highest act of popular sovereignty ; and the fuct of ita adoption by the people ia the Con-~ stitution’s all-suflicient warrant for being, President Grant is not likely to give suy sorioua cousideration to *Governor ¥ Smith's application ; nor, sa we think, should ke, —TItls already remarked that the tonurs of pover in the United Btates Souate, by the Ro- publicans, all othor conditions boing unchanged, depends on the lives of aix Senators now in old sgo or jufirm health, and behind whom are Dem- ocratio Governors, or Domocratic Legialatures, or both. —The Democrats of Migsouri, who are to name Schurz'a successor, are beginning to talk of Gratg Brown, John 8, Phelps, Gon. A. W. Doniphan, and othera. Gou. Phalps waa tha gocond cholcs when Bogy went in, two years sgo, —Reoturns of the Missouri election, nearly com- plete, givo Hardin 85,804 majority for Governor. Goutry earriod two Congressional Districta in the Govornor vote, but the Ropublican candidates for Congress wera beaton in both. ~The total vota of Tonneauea for Governor dous ok oxcoed 168,000, ‘or 24,000 less than in 1872, Maryland's vote i lesa than 55,000, show- ing that the ontire decresas is on the Ropublican side. —Tho Quinoy (Ill.) Whig is disoussing with & corrospoudont tho question whethor Probibition should bo an {ssue in politics. The Whig takes tho negative, and says: Not but that the proposod remedy would be desirs- Dlo if it wers practicablo s but it ia not, aud for a uum- ber of reasona wisich we have not time now ta euu- morate, Cortain it is, that all the offurts that Luve boon made for a quarlr of & contury past lo enforco Trohibiiory lawy have been suficiently fruitlos and nuavalling’; and if, as many temiperauce-lecturers aro 0 the babl raukeunees is on tho in. { of telilng ws crease, then 1d cortuinly seam Lo ba tho part of s o e poana abasors 10 1458 & 56w Guck in their efforta agulnst {ntemporsnoé. —Tihie Republioans of sev=r -:Lta thoir groat injury, hava mada m "6ue . o liquor uostion. ‘Ihe more \legovugn thus quention, ?fio mora likoly wlll Yhey bo Lo foll of .::;mh.L 0 polis. uus el awy are ] noxions umf Demoous 4 urx,mmdl sud thousands of Germaneuy , who will ot with the Domo« arata rathor than: hiave thelr besrvations oud ahort, () Timdde THE LECTURE SEASON. Opening of the Y. M, 0. A, and Star Courses. Eloquent Lecture by Carl Schurz on Educational Problems, What He Finds Wrong in the Edu« gation of Girls, Prof. Swing Speaks at MoCormiok Hall on the True Citizen. d A New Patriotism for Chicago. CARL BOHURZ, LEOTURN IN THR Y. M. O. A, COURSE ON "EDUCAs TIONAL PRODLEMSH," The Hon. Carl Schurz lectured, under the auspices of the Young Men's Ubristisn Associse tlon, boforo & vory Iargq sudience in tho First Congrogational Olurch, corner ‘of Ann aod Washiugton strests, last eveniog, on * Educas tional Probloms.” The spoaker did not come mencoe until 8 o'clock, tho intorval being please antly omployod by the church organist, who played gomo vory boautiful seloctions. Tho locturer was introdused by Dr. Hyde, of tha Y. M. 0. A,, who made & briet apology for nof maating tho audience in Farmel) Hall, au it was not ready yor. Adelside Phillips would sing thore next weok. SENATOR 80HURZ, on coming formard, was recoived with loud choers, He hopod tho audionco wero not trained in tho beliof that public lecturors wero smusing. He would not indulgo in rhetoric, but would spoak in plain torms. In no conntry was educa- tion so much discussod s in the United Statos. They looked upon education, for example, ns & purifier of public morals, A better general edu- catlon was alwaya pointod to as the romedy for ovory moral il When tho question, however, aroso as to what was TIE DEST YORM OF POPULAR EDUOATION, how few were prepared with auy practical idea on the subject. Education should pot only ba 80 directed as to store up epecific things {n thoir minds, but also Ao a4 to enable them tv work, snd live, and baar themselves Io tho world. Their ane cestors had been, porhaps, well enough edne cated for thoir day, but what suited thew did not suit us, and conssquently the education of modern times should bs oqual to tho nocossities of the goneration. The man of todsy had to kmow very much moro than his great-grandfather knew, and yob the time for learning apposred to bo as brlef as inold times. How, then, wss tho time at the disposal of tho now ganeration to bo bost employed? Of courno upecifio things had to be learned, but thoy should bo abla to eay how they were to go shead with thelr learning after thoy had lert the school or tho University, The young mind should receive fire and impulse from early training. IN HIS OWN EIPEMENCE of his education in Wermany, he had to ssy that bo acquired much knowledge which had sinca boon lost, but hedid not, thoreforo, considorthat his timo wasthrown away. He hadloarned the dis- cipline of mind which was carried into the busy walls of every-day lifo. He did not wish to bo understood as holding that apecific points wero of no use, They were. That was not tobe de~ uiod ; but thero was no doubt that the pupll alwsya learnod much more outelde of tho schoole Louso than within {t. Then thero came up tho ~ quostion of TRAINING CHILDBEN T00 YOUNG. The question was always asked, **1low are yon golog to teach & mors baby?* It had been re- Inted of John Btuart Mill that his fathor had mude him learn Greek at a vory early ago, and people hold that if young Mill had not been gifted with an extraordinarily strong mind he would have been rendered an idiot by his early oducation. It wan just as rational to hold that the brain of an American baby who could apeak German would be destroyed. * Tha child waa aps to learn from the very earliest dawn of itsrea- son, and could be gradually brought along withe out etrain or excitemont to loarn more and mors, In some the perceptive faculty was much more doveloped than in others. This could bo seon by tho excolleuce in datsil of somo, Ono peraon coula look upon a tree and not be able to doscribe it, bocauso he was nnacquainted with vegetable Tawe, whila auother, who had bean sraned, could fell all about it.” A lady could meat another lady in the I‘IBUE‘ and, aftorward, would be able not alone to tell what she wore, by a singulsr process of the might be able to correctl estimate tho cost of the materin! [Laughtor.] It was a pity ibat so much uvatural intalligence could uot be devotad to bot- ter usos. Fathors and mothers ebould oultivato the percoptivenessof thoirchildran. Theyshould snawor their childish questions in regard to proper_objects that presont thomselyes. This method of education was mutually benoficial. Fathers, mothors, brothers, aud aistors, in thus training the infant, also tralued thelr own Tinds, Haviog taken tho infant out of the firmb stags, but also, mind, THX SOHOOL 408 was next approached. How was the achool 6du- cation to bo ratiouslly carried on ? The locturer said that there woro some oustoms in the school which wera inimical to Intelligence. Astronomy, montal philosophy, and other text-booke of pone dorous names, wero placed in the bauds of pu- plls, and, strango to eay, the pupil who recited 1is Jesson most literally correct, nflb\'ufllflghlny language of his own, was considered tho best scholar. No system' could bo betler devised to foster and cultivate human stupidity. fLaugh- ter.] Tho boy or girl forgot all about what cost #0 fuch troublo, For example, thero might bo 2 Suoation as to whst & cloud was. Oue bo, on’ tho dsy of examinstion, might be able to tell all —about it~ from the words of tho text-book, Another boy might not remember & word of tho taxt, but could tell the vanorous nature of & cloud. Ask these bwo, a few dayd farthor, the ssmo uoutions, and i6 would bo found that tho specitic urchin had o good chauco of becoming & first-clags dunce while the unspocific boy, although B it awpvard at ist, miglt dovalop into & vory brilliant man. Tl reminded him of an anecdoto in onoof the works of Goothe, where ho introduces s boy BO full of learning Yost Do hiad teally forgotton who his own fathor Wi [laughter], aud Lis siro, in wrath, sont him to s monastery, whore it wasnot needful to lorn suythiog that was useful, 'Tho locturer then procosdod to deal with other branohos of specifio oducation, FOLLOWING ONE PECULIAR LINK OF EDUOATION was to be deplored. Knowledge should ba mado a8 goneral sa possiblo, Tortunately for the masges of tho ninoteonth century, popular ‘books Tore. g0 common that all could'be auppliod at littla cost, and the grand opportunity should not be neglooted huhe rislug goneration, Such Xknowlodgo might useful when the boy might develop, by & process of political evolution, itto au Aldermin, or, perhaps, a member of Con- Fross. [4pplauso and fmghter.] fho locturor fivocated the founding of popuiar Ubrarios whenever and wharover possible, Nothing could bo grander in tho way of oducation, and ho not bolieve that there would bo auy opposition to such a sprend of knowledgo. ONE OF THE QREAT ODETAOLES in the way of oducational progress \waa the mise erablo pay whioh toschess recoivod, not only in Awerica, but in avery other country that he know of. Horoa self-sacritico was uok the food in wlhich ‘to nourlsh o _progrossivo education. “Foschors could not bo first-ofsss uutil thele pro- fusslon was so remonorated as to make them satisfled to remsiu in it during thelr aotive iite. ‘Mr. Sohurs then procseded to deal with the uestion of B EDUCATION. FexaLn 2 ANl bravehes of knowloige ehould be open to them, aud thoy should be oucoursged to be delf- 1oliant in thelr battlo of lifo, not alona in teach- iny, but in medioino, law, or whatover other l:m- Tokkion the lady might choose to fallow. (Ap- | suso. plm nn]e thing, however, ho could not agroe with tho moro advanoed femalo_thinkota of tho age, aud, at tho risk of being considersd old fos gy, be would aay that ha balloved it was nobgood Tof woman to be alone, [Laughtar aud cliers.) Hat natarsl tastloy was 90 gob suusied 8sd bae