Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 6, 1874, Page 8

4 4 § i H § { i —- e THE_CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 6, 1874 Iy TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. P toe same rate. "oy resent delay and mistakcs, be €are and give Post Ciiice nddrees in full, including State and County, ol Ctiances may U made either by dratt xpress, Pos Tl.ce order, or in registered letters. i e P T0 CITY GUBSCRIRERS. . drlivered. Hungsy exceptea % cante per week. T inemd, Sinday incindod, 0 cents por woek. Ao THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, Chicago, fil dreea ‘Coraer Madison and Uearbora-sts. SOCIETY MEETINGS. P._IVANHOR LODGE, No.§, K. P. m e e v Eiock: B o WOUHRRLES ISMER, K. R. 5. % slor of Oriental ne us':‘z“x.', ‘3:;"5:"""" A = ™ 8 Sull attcndsnos of tha roprosontatives Kiquestod ENEVOLENT ASSOOIATION.~ icxg‘};?fis'flx' P arington.s. nledonis, 2" WWaghington-st. S BURROUGHS, Secrotasy. mor: N 1_CHICAGO COM-~ AR N0l T S MEING “eondlhvo Mosdar 59 o' o] d work oo 59 g'clnck, for business an i Sir Rnizhts ourteously iavited. BUSINESS NOTICES. NER OF, CLARK AND Tt G tmort ond best Tail sot of 2ction gien or monoy refunded. TOMORROW'S AMUSEMENTS. PERA.HUUSEClark _stroct, oppoalie SN ke Rl & Laon'a Stinaticls. \WICKET'S THEATRE—Madison strest, hotweon S rats, - Wagegement of Joreph Jefiorson. “Rip Van Wiakis," S1C—Talsted street, batween Mad- D O et e A Meatasor. Enzagement of Tha Hoodlum: or, Lifoin 'Frisco.” OLEY'S. THEATRE—Rzudoloh stroet, betweon e Labalie, * Led Astray. AMEPICAN MUSEUM-Monron strect. botween I Dearborn. ** Abduction.™ Ghe Chitagy Tribune. Sunday Morning, September 6, 1874. THE BRIBERY INVESTIGATION. The Grand Jury sesterday closed their delib- sratione. Thoy found no indictments in tho Lribers esser, for the resson, given in tho Te- port, that the evidence throughort was rodlent of perjury. Tho jury declaro thst they were eonvinced that there was corruption in tho orig- inal purchage of tho Metthaws lot, and in tho sequent purchase of tho Baldwin lot; but the choracter of tho testimony was 80 tainted with falso ewearing that they wero unablo to see tho n, and therefors found no in- Bictments, allegation of perjury is not made by implication, but with distinctness. The oo used by the Grand Jury sdmits of no T¢ s this: Thors witnesses were eritically and thorovghly ex- \d. The izannes of their denials and their pre- tended want of recolloction in matters of vital impor- tance, their manner of giving their evidence, and their ~nce at tho time, satisfied us that they gave sc testimony knowingly and willfally, They explain why they could not indict these witnesses for .perjury. Whilo, however, they wero net able toindict tho principals for bribery, or Lize witnesses for perjury, thoy close their re- port with a moral indictment, which will bo tried Ty a jury of the wholo poople. The charge they o s thus ect forth: ¥ 01t province to hear evidence on o part of (s scation, yet we couid not, upon ths e nce before ue, find any indictment; and, upon the reguest of certain pereons, permitted those persons 1o cowo before us and make their own stato- The p? Wo hourd 21 they Ead to say upon the subject, and cnt to remark that our opinion remained ed, 2nd that no cloud ratsed by the evidenco Leard wos dissipated by the explanation. The meaning of this is obvious. Mr. Matthews clhiargel that ho had entered into corrupt rela- tions nod nezotiations with certain of tho Comn- 1 Comamissioners, whom he namod, and before Lo would tostify domandod aad obtained, nnder the law, an exemption from prosceution. " The Grand Jury declare that thoy wero satisfied that were corrupt proceedinge in relation to the Matthews eale. Scveral of the Commissioners, erd oihers implicated in the Matthew nccusa- tion, apreared Leforo the Grand Jury to explain thsir connection with the transaction, but the declaro that such explanations did in suy wey change the opinion corruntion bad been practiced. This ¢ allegation that'tho explauations of tho so parties had in no way prevonted the in- sat for bribery and perjury amounts to an nccusation thet the persons it covers cannot avoid inceting it. Though the jury men- ticn 0 names, every citizen knows to whom tiin paragraphin theroport refers. The duty of s0 many of thoss persons os are County Com- ssioncrs is o plain ono. Their usefulness iu that Board is destroyed so long as this xeport ia & mattor of record. Tho Commissioners {has acoused can bo of no farther scrvico to the patlic motil that distinct allegation of ustrathfulrcss under osth is refated. not indicted in legal form, they stend cted morally with bribery end falsel:ood. Tial cbargo will adheroto them for all timo. Tiiera i3 bnt one wey to escape it, and that is to :a thir office, and offcr themaclves s can- : in Nosember. If the peo- cy czn eall themselyes w, if the implicated Commis- efoners have confidence in their own purity and {railifa), and take the popular verdict. Tothing less than an acquittal by the popular sy ever relieve them from this crushing sation of corruption and lying ; ond 1t is doubteal if evea that will. THE BEZCHER CASE IN COURT. While the public are sick and disgusted with tt:c Boechor-Tillon case, there is a gonersl con- victi-n that tho end of it will not be reached till it comes within tho grasp of & courtof law, where witnesics caa bo compelled to testify, witsre perjury can ho punished by imprisonment, “nod wikero the exbaustless resources of cross- examinalion can bo brought to bear to oxtract thn trufh from reluctant liars. A suit has been ‘began by Tilten egainst Beccher, and the papers Tizvo bien eerved on the defondant. The actual trial will probably be postponed till December. anwhile, it cannot b said tat anything has bien wbeolstely proved exeept that Beccher wrole reme estraordinary letters, and that Mrs. Ti'ton Las confessed her inability to tell the fruth. The public have divided into two partics .o the quesition. Oce party, judging Mr. Beech- er 25 they woald judge othier men, conclude that bois guilty. Another party, appiying to him a scmowhat different standard from that which thes would eppiy to mankind generally. concludo tiat heisinnocent. When such n men os Nozh Porter, President of Yale College, doclares his belief that Mr. Beccher is mnocent, we are bound to conclude that he has reached this ppinion honestly,—~and 80 of most of thoss who bave reached the same opinion. Nevertbeless, we donbt if anotherman could bs named against whom the samo kind and ‘amount of evidence would be pronounced inredible, worthless, and unovailing. - Dr. Bacon, mn his last articlo in tho Tndepend- ent, soys that, whilo “many of us "still thlk Mr. Beecher innocent of the charge brought against him, yot it is Letter for tho world, better for Christisnity, better for Plym- outh Church, that ho ehould be proved guilty than that s lie shonld push truth out of its place and psss current in its stead. Wa think that the great mass of Mr. Beecher's support- ers will concur with Dr. Bacon in this, for vory fow persons will have the hardihood to say that Christianity is to be profited by falsehood and hypocrisy. Believing Mr. Beechor to bein- nocent, they will, therofore, welcome the issuo of tho legal proceedings already commenced as the surest vindication of his charscter, however much they may be nauseated by what has gone before. Mr, Beecher's answer to Tilton's com- plaint must bo filed, under the laws of New York, within twenty days from tho time of service, The twenty days expirc on tho 9th inst. FIRES AND FIRE-ALARMS, Since publishing a recent editorial on the new Fire-Alarm which bas been introduced with much eclal and spperent success in Now York, wo have becn made aware tiat a thermostatic Fire-Alarm of apparently superior mechanical and inventive merit has been applied in sporadic cases in Chioago with complete success. Whether it is that 6ur modest Chicago inventor has not pushed his devico with the diplomatic skill ex- hibited by his competitor in Now York, or that our Board of Underwriters and Common Coun- cil havo been blind to the simplicity, econoroy, and importance of & proper thermostatic Fire- Alnrm, we cannot say. Certainly, by some unto- ward oversight, the simplest, cheapest, and most effective safeguard against fires has been most shamefully neglected in a city that most needs its protection. Comparing the two inven- tions, we find that that of Watkins, which bas boen adopted in New York, .08 operated by a gutte-percha cylinder, the expan- sion of which by the heat of the room, when at the given tomperature, turns a hinge, which in turn works & hammer, tho striking or contect of which completes the electric current and com municates the signal. It is not at first sight ap- parent how thia mechanism can with any cer- tainty produce the signal at a definite tempora- turo, though wo presumo it does. As it works with s hinge, and is exposed to the air, it is claimed by its Chicago rival thatit is lisble to cor- Tode, snd any rusting would impair its action, rendering the signal uncertain. It would also be necessary in painting, caleimining, and clean- ing walls to #hich thia instrumentis nttached to take somo pains to avoid thrusting foreign mat- ter betwoen the signal bammer and the point on which it strikes, ms tho current would still bo suspended even if the hammer struck. Fiually, with the utmost care dust would oftencollect on various parts of the instrument sufiicient to in- terrunt its action. Fromall these objections, the Chicago Fire- Alarm invented by Mr. W. B. Farrar, of the Wostern Electrio Manufacturing Company, ap- ‘pears to bo singularly free. Wo bave never saen a simpler or more beautiful device in mechanics than the little thermostat contrived by him to avoid each and all of the foregoing objoctions. It consists of & emall thermometric bulb with one platina signal-wire passing into the mercu- ry at the lower end, and tho other projecting into the hermetically-scaled top of tho ther- mometer and reaching downward to the degreo at which the signal is wanted. Of course, when the mercury in the thermometer rises to that point, the mercury being as good an electric conductor as the platina wire, the electric cur- ront is perfected, and the signal passcs. No dust, paint, rust, whitewash, or other foreign sub- skanco can get into the thermometer between the mercury aud the platine wiro to interfera with its action. The instrument can be attached to any wall or ceiling and plastered or painted over without affecting its valuo or interfering with its work. It can only be rendered inefliciont by be- ing broken. This devico has been put up by privato enter- prise in sevoral Lotels and Jarge buildings in Chicago, both before and since the great confla- gration, and its inventor claims to haveexpended years of time and many thousands of dollars in perfecting his mechanism, ané in impressing its value on the reluctant and unwilling ears of fire- underwriters, The theory of insuranco writera prior to the great Chicigo and Boston conflagrations eeems to havo bacn that einglo fires -woro favorablo to the insurance business, and that the Boards of Underwriters, as such, had no interest in pro- venting them. The burning out of a singlo building caused thongands to insure, while only the conflagration of thoueands of buildings af- fected geriously the capital or profits of the in- surance companics, Our two great confizgrations, however, with {hat in Boston, have dono much to reverse this | sentiment, and cause uuderwriters to feel that {heir interests, a3 woll a8 those of property- owners, wonld be sabserved by proventing fires. To this change in sentimont the New York firo- alarm owes its success. Underwnters arenow willing to deduct from thoir premiums enough’ to pay for the cost of erecting firo-alarms and to provide a handsome incomo to their owners, The question begins to be discussed whother some action caunot legally and wisely be taken which will cause thermostatic fire-alarms to bo inserted compulsorily in every houso in the city. Owners object to putting them into their own houses on the ploa that_ their ineortion would be mearly worthless unless their meigh- bors also adopt them. Each owner thinks Lis own property safc unless sot {Ira to by bis neighbor’s carclessuess. What wo need, there- foro, for tho effectual prevention of fires in any city, and especially in a city of 50,000 wooden ‘buildings like Chicago, ig that the Board of Un- derwriters shall first mako such a deduction from insurance rates ou buildings suppliod with an efficiont fire-alarm £5 shall enable & responsi- blo. manufacturing company to insort the fire- alarm into every building freo of cost to its own- er or cccupant, aud then that the City Govern- ment shall require it to bo inserted in overy room in every house in_ the city. Tho objection lLss been mised to any auto- matic or thermostatic eystem of fire-alarm that it will negessarily give rise to many falso alarms. It is said toat the number of instances in which & thermostatin the ceiling of a room will measure 120 degroes, when tho temperature of ths room as a wholo is not above tho ordinary, is very great. This may be so. Dut on the whole wo believe the labor of the firemen m running to theee talso alarms would bo far less than the labor of fighting for hours against extensive fires, which, had the fire-alarm been inuse, would have been attacked during theix first fivo minutes of beadway, inatead of at the ond of from forty minntes to an hour. THE EXPOSITION ART-GALLERY. The promises of the Art Committeo of the Exposition that they would give to tho public one of the finest galleries of pictares ever col- lected in this conntry bave beon more then ful- filled. Aided by tho intelligont and skillful ser- vices of Mr. Derby, tho well-known connois- scur, thoy have gathered nearly 600 pictures, representing the American, English, French, German, and Italisn schools. Althongh only sbopt ono-half of the pictares are hung, thare are on the walls alrerdy in the American school picturos by De Haas, Eldred, Le Clear, Ream, Koy, William Hart, Martin, Bristol, Church, Cass, Du Boia, Inness, George L. Drown, Hill, of Boston, Guy, Halberton, ‘Whittredge, Sonntag, Morviller, Hays, McCord, Gay, Nicolls, Rondal, David Johnson, Beard, Eastman Johneon, Julic H. Beors, George Hall, Parton, Bricher, Do Luce, Willcox, Moran, Har- voy Young, Shattuck, Huntington, Bierstadt, Story, and Norton; of the French school, Ge- romo, Troyon, Cabaillot, Guitlemin, Noterman, Dovy, Boutibonne, Bongercau, Pabst, Comte Calix, Castiglione, Ambery, Bangniot, Toul- moucho, Poerus, Kuvaszegfile, Sauvage, Perrott, Coomans, Porignon, Raffscli Loyendecker, Leray, Merle, Saudin, Gambs, Sain, andDe Coninck; German school, Beinke, Jschaggony, De Bylandt, Boyachlag, Brockoki, Carl Hubner, ‘Winterhalter, Voltz, Gerard, Gabriel Max, Klom- back, Oehmichon, Mosserns, and Schutz ; Dus- seldort school, Herzog, Hornemann, Unter- bergen, Sonderland, Litschaner, and Dablon; Italisn school, Ricei, Borrani, and Pitiara. Among tho great pictures already hung aro *“The Prodigal Bon,” Hay's * Buf- falo at Bay,” Huntiogton's ** Republican Court,” Winterhalter's *‘Sussnns,” RMerle's “ Right Path,” Do Hana' * Storm,” Bierstadt’a Wind River,” Gerome’s * Turkish Merchant,” Inness' “Sunset Behind §t. Peter’s,” Shattuck’s ¢ Mid- summer,” Toulmouche's * Nosegay,” a largo sheep picture by Verboeckhioven, “The Poor Weavors of Silesia,” by Carl Hubner, Brown's Bay of Naples,” Gabriel Max's ‘* Anatomist,” Compto Calix’s *Pauvre Amour,” Hornemann's « Birthdsy,” Herzog's * Ningara,” Voltz's “Laudscape and Cattlo,” Sain's * Recreation in Capri,” and Story's Dreaming by the Ses.” These aro only a few of the magmificent worlks in this collection, and we have cited thom only to show the general character of the works. As ws have said, only abont one-half of them are hung, and many treasures of art are still in their cases waiting their turn. There can bo no doubt that the Art-Gallery will bo the great fea- ture of the Exposition. Tiis haa been accom- plishod only by tho rigid dotermination of the Committee to, esclude dsubs from the Gallery, & multitude of which -have been of- fered. They have shown neither fear nor favor in thig respoct, and their action will bo indorsed by all the well-wishers and patrons of art in Chicage. Such o caliection 26 this is destined to have 2 happy influence in‘srousing the popular attention once more and lifting art out of the dopths iuto whioh it has fallen since tho fire. It will inspize our own artiats to rénewed exertions, and it will do & groat work in educstion. Such » gallery as this was nceded at this timo. THE WARNINGS OF CASSANDEA. Wo have alroady called tho sttention of our readers to two articles by W. R. Greg, entitled tho “Warnings of Cassendra® and “Eocks Alead,” published in the Contemporay Revfew, in which ho points out the dangers threatening England. Tho first rock shead is the political ascendancy of tho masses csused by the lato Reform bill; the second, tho probablo and proximate industrisl declive of England con- sequent on the gradual exbauslion of its coal- beds; the third and Iast, tho divorco between the National Creed and the highest intelligence of tho nation. Itis of this lsst we wish to speak now. Mr. Greg begins by remarking that the relig- ion of & nation ought tobe the embodiment of its highest intelligence, in the most solemn. mo- ments of that iofelligence. Those who be- lievo in tho ‘eupornatural omgin of religion, or who hold that religion bad its beginniog in & rovelation from God,—which is tho same thing;—will perhaps tako issuo on this point with Mr. Grog.. They may claim that tho ombodiment of & nation's highest intelligence can aspiro to no highor character than that of materisl science, betwéen which and rovelation thoy find » differenco as groat s is at all con- ceivablo. Deny, however, they will not, that a nation's religion, if not tho embodiment of its bighest intclligence, should not bo in conflict with thatintelligence. A nation’s religion should Do, as Mr. Greg expresscs it, in harmony with tho richest expericoce, the deopest thought, the widest culturo, the finost inbuitions, of the best end wisest minds of its citizens. I Evgland, and, indeed, in nearly all Christian countries, 3ir. Greg holds that the highest intelligence, or what is considered tbo highest intelligence, is not in harmony with the nation’s creed. It is cither openly rejected or quietly ignored. Where it is not repudiated in express terms it is held with about 8y much: tenacity as if it did not oxist. i Thatin this divorco of the intellect of tho country from its creod there lurks great danger to society, a littlo consideration will show. Tho tuinkers of a peoplo, 25 s all oxperience has demonstrated, never fail in the end to inocalato the nation with thoir thought. The most emi- nent thinkers of England are not beliovers in tho Established Cburch, and scarcely in the Christian Teligion. Tho educated classon of the country are fost ceasing to bo belisvers. Alr, Greg say that probsbly a majority of the operat- ivo classcs in towns aro total unbeliovers ; and that, instead of being the reckless and disreputa- ble, thoyaro tho most ekillful, the best edu- cated, and steadicst of the workmen. Tho Ieaders of tho artisans in England are skeptica too. Mauufacturing artisans and citizen la- borers ard ifi tho same category. How far tho skepticism of these different classes ex- tends is, .of couree, an important part of tho inquiry a3 fo what its influcnce will bo on England's futaro. It s certain, how- ever, that it is more exteasive and decper rooted smong the workingmen than among tho higher classes. Literary men and etndents, given to the weighing of evidence, may hesitate to declaro themselves unqualified disbolicvers. The cascis ditferent with the hory-banded workingman, to: whom & stoné is a stoze, and a thing cither is or innot. There is, indecd, nothing to arreat the goread of skepticism among tho artisaus, mo- chanics, and Iaborers of Englend. And what nogt? When the prolotariat shall no longer believe in God's existence ; whon they shall no longer accept as infallible truth that God has in His inscrutable designs pro- scribed their hard lotin this world, and that | thore is 8 foture in whick He will re- dress all prosont inoqualities betweon man and man; when, in other words, 2ll their views con- corning this lifc and the hereatter havo changed, and changed radically, will not the views of what their aim ia this world should be change also? When they hold no longer that God has prescribed their present sovere lot, will they bear it a8 patiently as they donow? Whon they conceive that not God's fore-ordination, but monoy-power, has mado tbeir employers greater then themsolves, will they keep their hands off their employers’ property ? When tho Inboring clasees haye reached this point in their rejection of Clristianity, there is evory renson to believo that they will fall like ripe fruit into the arms of the Commume or tho International, _whero most othors whoso views of the Lere- after have changed bLavo fallen elready. ‘When men who have beon taught to be virtu- ous becauso their etornal welfaro is at stake are told to be virtuous in spito of tho fact that there isno such thing to be gained as cternal salvation, and only becauso the bosom of the bad man is & hell of etormy passions, the motive may not bo found adequate to produce the dosired offect. Nothing has 8o contributed to maloe the maes of 1men resigued to the inconvenioncesand miscries of their lot in tho world as the Christian doc- trino of o compensation beyond ; and nothing will 80 tend to change the whole face of our erviliza- tion as a fixed and firm deuial of the reality of that compensation. i Say what wo will, the foundation of tho pres- ont English civilization, of it laws, its wholo socinl ystom, is Christianity, or the eanction which they havo from Christianity. Take away the foundstion and the eystem will most likely come to the ground. And this remains true whatsoover view wo take of the character of Chrristianity ; whether we allow it to be of & di- viue origin or not. What is true of England in this regard is true of every country in Europo. Itistrue in & modificd senso of our own coun- try. That tho danger threatons is plain a3 thosun in heasen; but is there no remedy? Can nothing be dono to break the fall? Some- thing may be dono; and yot, considoring the stage of average human dovelopment, it may bs doubted whothoer anything will be done effectnal- Iy. Efforts maybo mado to convince all men that virtue is its own reward, and should be fol- lowed for its own sake ; and to malke tho incqual- itios of human fortune less than thoy aro and bavobeen. Theso measures, howover, will not prevont the ultimate crash consequent on a total change among men in their views of what they aro, why they ara here, and whither thoy ato going. They may help to build up after the ruin, It is vaintohope that they will provent it. How soon the great revolution will take place itisidle to epeculate upon. It mey not como for cevturios; but its eigns are oven mow all sbout us. THE CAARITY FAIR. = Tho Indies of this city who have in charge tho various departmests of tho Charity Fait, whick they proposo to give in November for the bencfit of the Hohnemaan Hospitel, aro already busily at work, and their roports iacicato that tho Fair will bo ono of tho most novel as well as saccesi~ ful entertoinments ever given in Chicago. Tha committces are composed of the most promi- nent ladics of the city, who havo acceptod their position withoat referonco to their predilections towsrds any particular school of medicine, and thioy aro working together In genorous rivalrs, sctuated only by tho common impuise of charity. Tho purpose of this Fair is to enlarge the facilities of tho Homeopathic ospital in this city, and to open ita doors free to all tho deserv- ing poor who may nced medical and surgical treatment. At presont tho hospital has rocm for 120 beds, one-balf of which are already fur- nished. The manrgers desire to supply the fall quots, inasmuch s patients oro tarned oway dsily for the simplo Jack of the menns with which to take care of go many spplicents. Dur- ing the existenco of this hospital, short as it has been, it has dome o great work through tho liberal contributions of a for frionds, tho help of tho Relief and Aid Bociety, and resources derived from public and social entertainments, a8 well s from such patients as could afford to pay for » home, with nursing and proper care. Theso contributions, however, aronot saficient to carry ot the liberal and generous prposes of the managers, and this November Fair has been de- vised to moct tho emergency by tho charitable ladies of the cits, who have organized tho work into departments, 1s follows : Tancy worlk, Mrs. H. J. Willing, Chairman ; plain sowing, Mrs. N. F. Merrill ; infants’ and children’s depnrtment, Mrs. Gen. W. E. Strong ; toys aod amusoments, Mrs. A. N. Eddy; floral department, Mrs. John Duckingham ; household art, Mrs. Franklin Mec- Voaghi ; books, magazines, and stationery, Mrs. G. F. Harding ; tho conntry etore, Afrg. IL. F. Waite ; tho pationts’ fablo, rs. N. AL Wheoler; rofreshment dopartment, Mrs. . D. Groy. The Mospital Bazaar, a paper of six- teen octavo pages, will bo issucd daily during tho Fair, under tho editorskip of Mre. KatolN. Doggett. The Exccutive Committes and the 1adics ot the boads of departments will probably ‘make special sppeals to the public for donations and contributions, and they onght to mect with a most liberal responso. This hospital ia an ju- stitution which sbould not bo alloked tolsa- guish in its operations for want of funds, when tho calls upon it areso constant and imperative. There i3 no nobler or mora humane object to in- epiro tho human hoart than & freo Lospital for the sick poor. Every ono ought to lend a help- ing Liand to the philanthropic ladies who have entered g0 nobly into this work. THE KILLING OF MRS. WAGKER. The case of the killing of Mrs. Wagnerisecem- iogly ona of tho most remarkable that ever defied police investigation. Btanding at the front door of her danghtor's house, inbroad daglight, pleas- antly cliatting, sho received o bullet whick: passed ontirely throngh her body, and thence through a /paling of the feice. No buman being wes ia sight at the timo. In front of the premises -stretched the open prairie. The wound was fatal, and sho dicd in less than fifteen min- utes. Thore waa a boy out on tho prairie tending some cows, and his nttention was at- tracted by the fact that two pelicemen were prac- ticing pisiol-shooting at o mark. The mark was tue irooden stringer of the railrcad track over a ditch. This boy, when he heard of the Lilling of Mrs. Wagner, reported the pistol-practice of tha policemen. Tho officars were bunted up, and ac- knowledged tho fact, and one of thom stated that oue of tho balls fired by him had missed the target. The pistols used by tho of small revolvers. . The ball that killed Mra. Wag- ner cannot bo found, 50 that no comp: be made of it with the balls in the piztol. Now comes tho extraordinary fact thatths distance from the point where the policemna stood when firing and where Mrs. Wagner stood | when killed was over 600 foct, This itis claimed, issuch an extraordiary performanco on tho part of the pistol as to render it wholly improbable that the lady was killed by the bullet fired by tho policeman. Tho policeman When firing was pretty nearly on a level with Mrs. Wagner. Yet sho was ghot in tho body, and with such forco that the bullot passed through her, and then through a board in tho fence. It is claimed that the natural depressionof theball would have brought it to the ground lonz beforo it could have gone 600 feot, oven supposing it could have beem projectod that far st all. It these phys- ical facts are such &s to render it improbable that the victim was killed by the policeman’s bullet, then arises the question, Who killed her, and whero did the bullet come from? Ex- cluding the theory that sho was killed by the policeman, then tho killing is wholly anacconnt~ ed for. Thero is not a circumstsnce of any Lind pointing to’ s shot from any other direction. The matter, therefore, becomes one demanding a thorough investigation, It ought cortainly to be eusceptible of proot whether that particular pistol could project s ball st any elovation 600 feet, and whether a bullot at that distanco could have force enough to pass through s human body snda fence-board. These important pointa ought to be, as wo suppose thoy can bo, definitely dotormined. If tho affirm- ativo bo established, then the eircumstances leavo littlo doubt that the lady was killed by the oflicor. If tho nogativo be cstablished, then it follows sho was 'killed by = pistol-shot fired by some other person, who onght to be hunted up. If it- be shown that Mrs. Wagner was shot by tho policeman, then it indicates a ‘skill in handling a pistol hitherto wholly unknown among the police force. Itis no uncommon tlung for a policeman to empty tha six barrcls of his rovolver at a distance of ten or twonty fet st & burglar, and fail to bit him. Ninety-nino shots out of s hundred fired by the police fail to hit the person fired at ; and now comes the fact that o policeman can kili at 600 fect, without seeing the person whom he killed. This homicide is 5 most deplorablo affair. The lady was an excellent woman, and her death suddon and shocking. The loast that can bo done i5 to have the case thoroughly in- vestigated. Itisduoto justice and to tho offi- cor that th trath be elicited, nod the responsi- bility placed whero it bolongs. S ——— BUNDAY LAWS IN THE EAST. Tho Sabbatarian Iaws of Maesackusetts and Penosylvania have recently been beforo the courts. Tho decision in each of the two cases is an argument for the repeal or amendment of the law. InOctober, 1372, Michael Connolly, of Boston, was ont of work. Ho hesrd of & man living in South Boston who might give him em- ployment, and started to seo him. It was the evening of tho 6th of October. The **draw " of the bridge was swung open. It was undergoing ropeirs. The city oflicials, with most culpable negligence, had not barred the way, or put up say notice of the condition of the bridge, or even lighted the lamps. The night was vory dark. Connolly walked off into the water. He came very near drowning, and was seriously injured by tho shock of the fall and by the des- perate cxertions necessary to save himself from death. He was sick for along time. On his rocovery bo saed tho city for tho oxpenses of his sickncss, and for damages for the loss of em- ployment, and for permanent injury to his health. seems like o plain case, but Con- nolly lost his suit. The 6th of October was Sun- doy. Tho counsel for tho city plead that tho Scbbath law of Massachusetts forbade all travel- ing upon tho first day of the weok, oxcopt for “ charity™ or as o “workof necessity,” snd that Connolly could mot claim damages for an sccident which happeacd in consequence of his violation of the law. This ples could not bo le- gally overthrown.” The Superior Court gave o decision for tho city. In Peznsylvanis, Judge Piorson, of tho Har- risburg district, has just decided, on a test case, that & man who solls any article of merchandise on Sunday can bo fined for each and every salo. It is said that's Sabbatarian organization is ebout to try, under this ruling, to closo overy ghop that is open on Sunday in Harrisburg, Theso cases, and especially the firet, can have 10 good result. They will only breed bad blood. Tho Sunday statutes aro relics of 2n age which believed in a moro strict obaervanco of Sunday than the great mass of Christians would now in- dorse, and which held to 3 quasi union betwosn Church and State such =8 ninety-nine men out of a hundred would now repudiate. It is npatural that thero should bo some objection to their repeal, because they involve a verbal rec- ognition df tho Christien doctrice. It isa question worth considering, however, whether theo somewhat imaginary good of such & recogui- tion is not much more than counterbalanced by the eubstantial harm done in putting peoplo who suffer through thego laws, and people who aro shocked by the manifest injustice dono in cases like that of Connolly, 1nto entire opposition to the Church that upholds them. ALL ABOUT A TOMBSTORE. When tho Pope publishes a ball against sucha comet as ho solemnly believes this nineteenth | centary to be, a seasation of amiablo derision pusses over tho Protestant public mind. The Protestant public mind does not fol called upon &t thia doy to exert itsclf boyond that. Leaving this etill somewhst powerful potentate over spiritusl ignorance, we might trace this flaunting of a preposterous Drotension all the way down, by ebort and inereasingly amusing steps, until o como to tho accredited lunatic in tho Penn- sylvania asylum,. who dons his crown of thorns, makes a sceptre of his boot- jack, and secs in bis ecclesiastical mind's &yo the kingdoms of the earth crouching st his fcot. In this descent of tho scalo of graduated arrogance wo could contemplate St. Michsel's Criclict Club of Englandmaking 3 rule, * in obe- dienco to their clerical diractor, not to play ball with o dissenting club,” and accordingly backing out of their engagement with the Andover Club, although how that Joliy lot of bese-ballers are ideatified with the sin of non-conformity has ot been mado to appear. Thon we would pause to meditato upon tho Rev. Mr. Heard, who, accord- ing to his Lord Diocesan, camo ** perilously near doing evil that good may come,” by preaching 1 a Non-Conformiet pulpit. Nor would we find thia spectacls any more diverting than that of tho several American fragments of tho church, every one repudiating the credontials of every otnor, and perpetually ** Resolving ™ that they vall mot exchange pulpits, or join in the Sapper, with one another, lest in some unguard- ed moment they should do so. But nobeds of this species ill wo find quito so entertaining just now as tho Vicar of Owston Ferry. Tho Vicar of Owston Ferry denies the right of & Woslesan to say in an epitaph that it refers to the “danghter of the Rev. H. Eeet, Wealeyan Mrigter.” The Vicar of Christ—not tho ono at Rome, but the one at Owston Ferry— declored that no such damage shonld be done to the escatoheon of tho Church of England as to sallow & tombstons in her church-yards to confer tho title of *Rov.” upon a Methodist exhorter. And the Bishop of Lincoln indorsed the Vicar of Owston Forry. And this Vicar’s name is Smith, —the Rev. G. E. Smith. Mr. Ecet appealed to the Primate, who, not knowing the position of His Lordship of Lincoln, replicd that ho ‘would bo surpriced if thet Bishop did not con- cur with him (the Archbishop) in * consider- ing the Vicar's objection one that ought not to bo made.” MMr.Keot communicated this to Lord Bishop Wordsworth, who maintained, in reply, “thet “ the title of Rov. should not bo conceded to nir. Kect on o tombatone by ministers of the Charch of England, who aro the resporsible guardians of tombatons literatare. And His Lordship was quito tight, if ho thonght by so doing ho was ruuning the title into tho ground. 8o tho dead little girl is donicd the right of be- ing designated as having beon the * daughter of 8 Wesleyan ministor.” Ecclesiastical Christiani- ty smilod not on hor humble birth ; hencs no snimated bust—oxcept that which will overtako the Church of England all the sooner for such acts ng these of ber “Bishops and other clergy.” The Wesloyan Conference has resonted the fngult, and is following it up with & committee, which isurged by the London Times to bring their griovanco into court. Tho Times indulges in tho invective which it knows 80 well how to uso upon undignified dignitaries, and declares that *‘nothiog but a mysterions ‘pleasure, only to be understood by actual oxperi- ence, can induco men of ordinary intelligenco and tasto to parade the world in tho grotesque garb of an English Bishop.” Thia will be dis- heartening, to eay tho least, tothat ecclesiastical party in this comntry which is understood to have designs upon tho * grotesque ”. parapher- Dalia of tho Mother, not togay the Grandmother, Church, and threaten to fight it out on tho clothes-ling, if it takos all the rost of the summers, As is generally the case with thosg bumptious ecclesinstics who throw stones, His Lordship of Lincoln ig found to be living in a glass house himself ag respecta his titular ds2- oration. His signatare of “ Lincoln” is chal- tonged. It belongs, mot to him, but to the Duke who was to that particular manor born. Nor should we fail to add that this “ Right"” Rev- erend Father roceatly deduced sm argument againat cremation from the premise that it would | embarrass, if not indefinitely postpons, tha Rosurrection ! LAW REFORM IR ENGLAND. In August, 1873, tho Parliamont of England peseed an “Act for tho Constitution of a Sa- prome Court, and for other purposes rolating to the ndministration of justico in England.” This is to take effect on the 1st of November, 1874, and will accomplish & rovolution in the entire Judicial system of England. The American eys- tem was, in the beginning, & copy of the En- glish. From the foundation of our Government to tho present dsy thero hos been a constant straggle to modernize tho practico of the courts, and the changes that havo been mndo, not being radical but simply pateh-work, have really wrought confusion instead of amendment. The English system has worked admizably and har- ‘moniously as & system; all its parts wero consist- ent. That system was the work of centuries, and the code of practico and pleading hes furnished themes for tho ablest commontaters and tho most distinguished Judges. The law and its practice, and the wonderfal variety of forms High Court of Justice. The High Court is toby ~ divided into ecctions, each acting with o) Jurisdiction, snd sitting independaatly. Bog. ness will b assigned under rales of the Coy, The new law abolishes the distinetiong b ! tween procecdings at law and equity, o that thy: : samo Court may administer toth simultancongly, & Parties to o suit at law may oblaia the el & ‘which at presont would have to bo sought byg | bill in oquits. In enita at law, tho Court may enforeo equity Just as it may now in & chancery casc. Forms of pleading sre in like substantinlly sbolished. Plaintifs file thep compleiot, and the Court has full POFer over ) forms and processes, and can administer justiey * ‘without referonce to any technicality of pleyg, ingor distinction. of suits. All the ingeniony dm-_icas for delay or evasion aro SWept vy, Teating tha Court unombarrassed by the lums o pleading. It will be considered somowhat romarkably in this country that these two Courts will perform tho entire business of England, tho populatiny of which is msinly engaged in manufsctures sy commeorce, and numbars 26,000,600, The whaly number of Judges in the two Courts will by thirty; while in Iinois alone we hive, including the Bupromo Court, sbout. forty Judges huriyg tho same jurisdiction of these Englich Courta, - If wo take the whols United States, tho numbey - of courts, compared with thoss of England,is ¢ atartling. We have a Fedoral jodiciary eom.’ - posed of over fitty District Courts, nine Girens § Judges, and nino Justices of the Supreme Court. We havo thirty-sevon State Saprems Courts, composed of an svorag of fis equivalents, numboring many hundreds. Yetay our courta have all the business they csn atrend ! to; tho dockets aro crowdod, and the Juiges wholo time occupied. All of which goes fo - provo either that we are a far moro litigion people than the English, or that onr system of jurispradence can bo remodeled with a graf, saving of time and expense, - HOW T0 LIVE ONE HUNDEED YEATS, Tt has been said that the human frame, s machino, is perfect; that it bears no mak within it by which wo could prodict its docay; , 2 that it is apparently caleulated o go on foraver © and that only by experienco bavo e leumel that it will not do so. A French writer hy tersely remarked that, usually, men do not die~ - E they kill themselves. There is 5 grost deal of - E 4] trath in this latter, and there 18 & great deal of - encouragement in the former saying, That om organism is 80 perfect that the seeds of decsy are not observebls within it, affords groucd £ hope that man may add to tho aversge pumber of-his years. And this is rondored all the mom probable as it is well ostablishod that the aver.’ age of human life is longer by a very considerabls fraction than it was a century ago. Ao English: physician has lately published a work on thi ‘means of prolonging life after middle age. I common with & great many of his professios, MMr. Gardner, the physician referrea to, seama fi. belisva in the possibility of man’s adding to his years. Flourens has formulated” the law of pataral organic life, and cisimed that it is capable of estension to five times the: period of growth, Assuming this law f, bo true, man's nataral years shoald be from 90 to 105. Dr. Gardnor appears to have fully coincided with Flourens. Reasouing from the analogyaf anesthetics, be seos no canse to despair of tha discovery ultimately of & gennine elizir ti. Meanwhile, be would prolong tho reign of south by tranquillity of mind, sobricty, and uniform *. of action, and tho nicey of ths distinctions, bave furnished a literature which ranks among tho highest in the English tongue. The do- mand for reform has, Lowever, beon locg and persistent, and et last has found an answerin what ia known as the Supremo Judicature act of 1878. Tho present system includes : 1. The Judsicial Committee of the Privy Coun- ¢il, which is composed of persons who hold tho placo ex officio. 2. The High Court of Chancery. This Court hes several divisions: (a.) The Courtof Appeals in Chancery, with two Judges. (b.) The Vice- Chancellors’ Courts, thres in number. (c.) Tho Master of the Rolls Court, onc Judge. Tho cost of theso Courts, with all their clerks, regis- trars, examiners, etc., is £176,202 & year. 3. Court of Queen’s Bench. Ono Chiet Justico and four Puisno Justices. 4. Court of Common Pleas. tico and six Puisnc Justices. 5. Tho Court of Exchequer. Baron and five Puisuo Barons. 6. Court of Probate, Divorce, and Matrimonial Causes. Ono Judgo. 7. Admiralty and Eccicsiastical Conrts, con- sisting of ono Judgo in Admiralty aad soveral Judges in the varions braoches. 8. Court of Dankrupicy. Oue Judgo. Tho other courts of Epgland are local, con- eisting of City Courts, Courts of Burgesscs, County Courts, Police Courts, Session Courts, Criminal Courts, ete. Tho eight coutts first montioned sre, under tho new act, to be consotidated into s singlo court, with two grand divisions. The first of theeo is to be styled Mer Majesty's High Court of Justice,” and the other Hor Majesty’s Court of Appeats.” ‘Tho High Court of Justicn isto bo composed of the Lord Chaucelior, Lord Chicf Justice, 3Master of tho Rolls, CLief Daron of thio Exchequer, the Vico Chancellors, the Puisno Judges of tho Queen's Bench and Com- mon Pless, Judgo of tho Court of Pro- bate and Divorce, and the junior Barons of the Exchequer Court. The Lord Chancellor i8 to preside, and in his absenco the Chief Jus- tico of England. Theze Judges arc tranaforred from their present conrte, which are abolished, to this Court, and al! fature appointments are to be mado as Justices of Her Mnjesty's High Court of Justico,~—though the titles of Lord Chief Justico of England, Master of tho Rolls, Lord Chief Justico of Common Pleas, and Chief Bsrop, are to bo reizived. Allthe Judges are to Lavo equal juriadiction and authority; tho per- ‘manent number of Judges of thia Court is to Lo twenty-one. “Tho Court of Appeal will consist of nine Judges, to be appoiuted, togother with the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Chief Justice, Master of tho Rolls, Chief Justico of the Common Pless, sud Lord Chiet Baron,.who are to bo members of tnis Court ez-officio. To this Court 3 among its first members aro translerred tho prosent Judges of Appesl in Chancery and somo otters. Tho salary of the Lord Cbancellas is to bo £10,000, Master of the Rolls, £6,000; Chief Justice of Englnnd, £8,000; and Chief Justico of Common Pleas and Chief Baron, £7,000 each. The eala- rics of all the othor Judges axe fo bo £5,000 each. 5 Tho High Court cf Justice will exerciso all the juriediction of the presont courts of law. The Court of Appeal will have the jurisdiction One Chiof Jus- One Lord Chief worry. Dr. Duncon Gibbs, who has wriitens work on the physical condition of centenarisns, and who had personslly examined six perscnd” over 100 years of age, confirms Dr. Gardners views, in this lstter respect st lesst: In all gix, Dr. Gibbs found the Ilung: porfectly whole, also tho heart. All six bad § temperature. He would have no oms frefae’ § £t # good “ bellows-power,” a5 ovidenced by tho firm- noss, sonorousness, and clearness of the voica In each tho cartilage st tho top of the windpipa was in a vertical position. Tho skin waa in esch: instance tough and silvery. Thero was oo cs, of enlarged or fatty heart. Tho digestion wt perfect, and eo was the calmness of mind. The. bodily senses ahd mental facnlties were unim: paired. Drs. Gardner and Gibbs agreed that? climate was unimportant as regards longesity When bordering on old ngo, the advies giver is to stay at home, to. ke wearm, to have plessant occupation, to takoproper, exerciso and diet, to avoid starch of potato, mlt: hquor, and cheeso. Dr. Gardner woold m dertake to loy down rules by observing Whidki cach one could make himself & centenarisn. T, task is an impossiblo one; and yot his adricsis: not wholly to be disregarded. It may, if st pelovsly followed ont, mako contepariams of us all, vwhich perhaps would be great misfortuna for the world; bub-B will bo, calculated to make sexagevarians of those who might havo died mn their thirties or forties. ' If & man would add to his yesrsJet him take caro of his lungs by properly exenis: ¢ ing them, of his heart by avoidiag al? undae ez-- citoment, of his brain by cultivating tranquillliy.” Lot bim bo temporato and pay a proper regard: & to tho cleanliness and temporature of his pe £on, and he will have done more for himself the' s doctor and tho, wholo pharmscopeis cands g I ko will do all this, some futuro Dr: Gib may find bim, 2t tho nge of 100 or thérer bouts, with lungs and heart perfectiy whele with good * bellowe-porer,” o firm, clear, & sororous voice, With tough and eilvery skinj #d-: the cartilege at thatop of Lis windpipein axeth cal position, and with his senses aud his focalis 26 keon as those of o man in his prime—with bt children and Lis children’s childsen around i Virtuo is tho basia of longevity, as of indi prosperity and national greatness. A singular breaklown in o political way 74 that of the Hon. W. H. Ray, memLer of G5+ gress from the Teath District of this Stale: 3 Ty was elected in 1572, by several thousand B Jority, was a good Ropregentativa, took cara thsb the right men were mado Postmasters,aud tharo F was no poeaible reason why he ehoald not bort- nominated for the second torm Ly his party- T3 claction of delegates was pregressing fararstif. for him, when bio was 8o indiscreot a5 10 WAk his own sca cadst to West Point. Mr. Raylf s banker and o man of influenco, certainly was tho most availablo Bepublictn iz tho district. But such way the upiversal dis at thouse of his ofico to promota hia own famdy interests, totho oxclusion of all othors, that vbe? tho Convention met even tho faithful P rmasters deserted him, and ho bad but a fow 8% tering votes. . It may perbaps be consoling to Mr. Bay® Inow that thero is but littlo prospect of 18 election of tho gontleman sclocted by the 0o vontion in preferance to himsolf. Tho is composed of Mercar, Hancock, McDopoagh Henderson, Schayler, a0d Warren Connties. ¥ 1873, tho Farmers had 509 majority in Merh 200 in 3icDonough, 900 in Henderson, while 2 Hancock Connty the Democrats had 400 mjo of the prezent Court of Appeals in chancery [ and jn bankruptey, and of ‘appeals fram the i £5.; In Schuyler County the vota stood : Fa: 4. 941 Dayuilican. 163:. Pasocata, i3 B