Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 5, 1874, Page 6

6 . TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. MATRS OF SOTFCRITTION (PAYABLE IN ADVAXOR). Bttt B 00| ek 5560 isteredt lotiern, at our risk, Oficooiior, oo AN Gy SuBRGRiDEB: 25 conte por wook. Tl dollvored, Bunday oteopied te por ook Dailv. aelivorod, tuudey inchudeds B santa, por o (i A ruat Madisnn and Denrhorn-ata.. Ohioago, 1t TO-DAY'S AMUSEME| 3 ' TIIATRE-Randolply strant, hotween o s AT Rateay Aflarsonn and evouing. M'VIORIIS THEATRI-Mndiron, slroct:, Yofween Neachorn and Stata, | Knigagomont of KT *“Tha Marblo lioarts,” Aftornoon an A-TOUSE-Clark - ot P R A Stk and ovontig. tade 1310 alated atreot. botwann M “"Rip Van Winkio," Afternoon and e . i stroct. botwoon “"“"-‘!E{m".’,‘;m- Aftorooon and ovpoetta * Afforaoon 1 AN Bty o Doacborn- evoning. pra———2 SOCIETY MEETINGS, 3 A M smLOW LODGI, No. 415, A, T and wfi‘}‘:‘i-“yffm &l Dogrea at Frodmason's Tiall, At o Gidings this (Baturasy) ovaning, - ¥is" cordializntiied pyorppipaE 0, 001" BUSINEST— NER OF OLARK AND i _.rifiu%l%‘ rost oad. ot 1o vut of /o hamnu.fi isfaction givan or monoy rofandod, D ieOUsiistaction givan of monsy rafandod, PROMPT AND WORKMAN- Lo EXKOUTE 1t SIMenlt, watoh ronates, s 142 Ty Fepate mil Jinis ot foralry sl sftormare; om0 N B & 00 99 Htatoust., routh Eamor af Wasliin fi'bz Chitage Teibuwe, Boturday Morntog, Soptomber 5, 1874. The Doard of Publio Works in this city has contractod for 15 miles of brick and pipe sow- eragd, to cost $203,123.80. Duch of this monoy will undoubtedly bo misspont, in the Interest of ronl estato spoculators; aud of tho romainder only a emall part wall bo judiciously placed whoro it will do the most good. Alany country nowapapers attached to the In- depondont Reform Party have takon Mr. Etter's namo from the Btato tioket, and advised their roaders to vote for 'anybody to boat him.” It terms of ropronch could kill a candidate, Mr, Etter wonld have beon out of the way long ago. Bon- edict Arnold is the favorito appellation with the conutry editors who have not wholly lost their voicos through anger. . Mayor Colvin hns refused to restore the li- ceneo of & pawnbroker suspected of being & To- ceivor of stolon goods. Ho has alzo directed tho proprictors of drinking-saloons and gambling~ establishmonts to draw tholr curtaing after mid- night, ITe has aleo drivon tho protty-waiter- girln to the wine-rooms " in tho pack part of their cellare. IIe hos made tho city assumo a virtuo though it bas it not. ——— Thero ia anothor Ministorial erisis in Spain. Zabala hns-resigned, and Bagasta has under- taken to form a now Cabinet. Tho names thus Tar announced a8 likely to bo prominent in tho now Govornment are for the most part unknown in this country, or, if known, are of only ordina~ vy consequence. Bix out of eight of tha persons entioned werd. members of the Zabala Minis- try, among them being Bagasta himself, who still retnins hia portfolio as Minister of the In- terior. The politieal significance of the chango in not oxplained in the dispatchos. ‘ Two mon have boon committed to jail for tho atcocious murdor at Ilenryvillo, Ind., recontly noticed in these columns, It will ba romombar. ed that the marder wuy accomplished by tying the 7ictim to the railrond track; and that thoro waa uo motive for it boyond a dosire to escapo punishment forrobbery. A Vigilanco Committeo hags boen Ising in wait for the murdorers since their nrrest, and it will not bo a agrprising itom of newd any of these mornings that thero has ‘Daen an oxcention in that aeighborhood not roc- oguizod by law. pat S The Pormanont Committeo of the Fronch As- ecubly lield a stormy sossion yostorday, Somo of tho raembora objected in good round torms to tho rigorous treatment of the nowspapors by ilio Govornment. It wna smd, and not deniod, in the coursc of tho debato, that ono Bordeaux Jownal wos snppresyed for intimating that Mar~ £hal Macdalion was cotdly recoived during his rccont journoy; and the Bonapartist papors wero similagly disposed of for bolng what thoy V-ul always been. MacMahon's Government I8 unmistakably drifling in tho enme direction ps TLows Napolaon's Ropublio. Noxt will como vlebiscito. ——— Tiato advices from Japan aro full of interest. The Japanees aro making every offort, and with 00d prospects of success, to prevent nwar with China on nccount of the Formosan imbroglio ; aud, in the meantime, are collecting an army for immediate sorvico, in caso tho attompts at pucification fail. There is much complaint, tho Juetice of which is not cortaiuly eatablishod, of interferenco by United Btales officials at Amoy with mousengera dispatelod by tho Japancse Ciovornmont to tho Chinose ; and the implica- tion fg that tho foroign represontatives in both countries are working to bring on a war. Wo oan undorstand how a little blood may Lo faken from those hot Orientals with proflt to the Hangrados, biack, white, and gray, who have tained admittanco there; but it s tho part of charity to keep suspiclons of this natura in sbeyance until more positivo advicos have beon reselved. Anothor ploce of nows Ly the last eteamer ia that the Blmoneski affair, a5 betwoon tho Japnnese and onr own Government, was not #oltlod, a8 ling boen commonly supposad, aceord- ing to tho oquity in tho case, The smount of tho indownity has boen extorted by our Btato Dopartment, not bocauso it is Justly ours, but + becauso tho other foreign Govornmonts havo al- rondy racoivad their shares, and it js not consid- ‘ered antorprising for the Amorican nation to hold alod! from a schomo of plundor. Tho Chiengo produce markets woro generfilly etronger yestorday, grain being oxcited, Mess povk wus quict and firm at £23.00 per brl eadly, sl £17.26 moller the yoir. Lard was dull #nd unchanged, at $16.00 por 100 ths onsh, and 114744 wollor Lho year. Moata woro qulot and slendy at ‘8370 for shoulders, 123{@13)0 for sliort middies, and 10@11%0 for aweot-pickled Lamo, Highwinos wero quiot and stronger, nt $L00 por gallon. Leke freighta were notivo and fiun, st 83f0 for wheat to DBuffalo, Tlour was auict and unchunged. Wheat was quito aotive and 1o highor, closing at 0550 aellor tho month und 9470 for Octobor, Corn way active, and 2 highor, cloalng woak nt, 12}¢0 cash and 7230 for Gctohor, Outs wore very aolive, ana 1@1360 higbor, closing at 43¢0 cash and 4950 sollor Octobor, Ryo way uclive, and A@8o Lighor, closlng at'800. Darloy was losa ctive, and woak, cloging at £ cash, and 80a for Ootobor. 1logs wore dul), and @100 lower, with salos chicfiy at $0.40@0,95. Cattlo were In good demnnd, and rutod firm. Bhoep woro fairly activo and stoady. Mr. Ooomo— T Honr bns consenied to stand for a re-oloctlon to Congress; and now tho quostlon reonrs whother ho can scours & major- ity of tho voters in his district. Tho Worcoster nowapapors suggost tho posalbility of Lus dofeat, and remark that his nomination, as it is unno- lelted, moy bo o fatal mistake, Thoy sponk of it a8 “a rod rag to tho mnd bull,"—mosning Butlor,—nand 88 o *“sign that tho old foud ia to THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 5, 1874, torchecked this wholesomo tendenoy of Norih- orn publio opinion, and will, it not summarily suppressed and punishod, put it baok to tho iras- cible mood in which Androw Johnson left it, than which nothing could bo more undesirable to both soctions, BTATE TAXATION AGAIN, . Tho Conatitution of the Biato of 4llinols, In providing n systom of taxation Ly valuation, ro- quires that thia valuation shall 30 made by por- sons appolntod for that prePoE6 nccording to fow. Tho law of tho Stpv onncts that all visl- bloor tangible propo~y Shnll bo asscssod by Assossors spocinlly -10cted for that purposo in bo kopt up.” Tho *mad bull” has & following | oach town or cort¥ It also providos that tho in tho distrlet which is numerically roapectablo, and may bo counted on to voto agalnst Mr, Ioar. valto of ant ~road proporty and thio valuation of #+- vbpifal stock and franchises of all corpo- The dofeat of Mr. Tfoar, of course, wauld bo the | tions sbnll bo fixod by tho Btato Doard of 080 -ond of Lis political asplentions: but. - il _un otich & result binvo nevor boon "ryuflfinunn clrcumstancos. would ot 1 WO 1479 wan 6,100 and. st Ar. Hont's MM ks oarrlod tho district, in tho SORT th0 Cornor, by 1,028, yoir~ A Bpooial Committoo of tho Minnosoln Logis- Iaturo Lins oxamined tho accounts of Charlos Mollrath, ex-Auditor of tho Stato, and found in them abundant ovidonco of dofalcation. M- Tirath was cz-afficio Land Commissioner. Ho wag charged with thosalo of timbor on Innds belonglng to the Btato; and, thongh no record of euch {ransactions was found among his papers, tho Committee ascortalned from other sources that lio uniformly turncd ovor to the Btato Troasury amounts less than his recoipta by many thousands of dollara. The sum stolen is eatimated by tho Commilteo nt 887,650, Tho Committoo’ is compossd of two Ro- publicans and ono Domocrat, Itn .report is unanimous, Wo aro not surprised to learn that Mcllrath nover oxcoutod the customary bond, and that Ex-Gov, Austin, whoso duty it waa to socure tho Btato against loss, novor af- temptod to dotormine tho responsibility of his Auditor. Indeod it has becomoquito an oxtraor- dinary thing for any govornment to recover from bondsmen the sums stelan by its servants, Pablicopinion in Minnosota 1s eaid to bo much aroused by tho rovolations of Mellrath's mis- dolngs ; and the Republican party is so much in disfavor that tho chances of o victory for tho Opposition at tho noxt clection are about evonly bolanced. If this should come about, Mr. Ram- soy will bo retired to private life. THE BOUTH AND THE GOVERNMENT, Gen, Grant haa written to Secretary Belknap, calling hia attention to tho rocont atrocities in. tho South, espocially in Louisiann, South Caro- lina, and Alabomo.. Fearing that tho local authorities may not bo able to afford tho neces- Bary protection to life and property which is to bo oxpected of oll clvilized governments, ho suggests that it may bocomo tho duty of tho Gonoral Government to afford $he aid neces- Bory to an onforcomont of tho laws in thoso States, Ho instructs him to inquire whero tho disturbancoa havo boon most froquent, and whora thero is moat probability that tho presonco of troops might be neoded. Attornoy-Genernl Williams considors it his duty, in viow of tho acts of violenco committed in tho South recently, to proceed with all possiblo energy and dispatch to dotect, ©oxpose, arrest, snd punish tho porpotrators of those crimes, and instructs tho Unitod States Marshals and Attor- noys to spare no offort or oxpenso to have the criminala dotectod, arrested, and punished. From tho uttarances of tho Prosident and tho Attorney-Genoral, we aro led to bolievo that tho Unitod States Governmont contemplatos intor- foring to punish tho participants fn the Gibson County nud Coushatta tragedics. That tho miscronnts who ehared in these two terriblo crimes aro desorving of all punishmont cannot be donied, and wo hopo that thoy will moet with ‘thoir desorts abundantly. At the samo timo wo doubt vory much if it bo bost that the United Statea troops should havo anything to do with it; ond for tho following ressons: In the firat placo, tho Constitution of tho United Btates prohibits such interforonce oxcopt when requested by tho Stato authoritics In a cortain specified form. Becondly, bacauso the Stato au- thoritios are ablo and apparently willing to bring tho porpotrators of theso crimos to justico, Wo havo tho amplost evidenco that tho Btato authorities of the South dro both willing and ablo to punish tho murderers. Public opmion intho South demands their punighment. Tho negroes oud the lenders of the lato Rebollion are oliko clamorous for justico, Tho press of tho Bouth is nearly unanimous 1n its donunciation of theso deodeof violonce, Southorn business mon find it to their intorest to encourago peace and barmony botweoen tho races. Gov. Kollogg, of Louisfann, has offored o reward of $5,000 for tho discovery and arreat of all porsona implicated in tho Coushattn affair. Qov. Drown, of Tennas- 860, writes to tho Attornoy-Qoneral of that Btato ond. to tho Sloriff of Gibson County that ho ia roady to nid thom by al the means in his power to diecover and arrest the' actors in tho troublea thero, both rioters and jail-bronkors, Ho offors them de- toctives, assoclate counsel, and additional forco, Ho offers thom monoey, logal servicos, overything in Lis powor to aid thom. Tho Loulsville Cour- fer-Journal hes boon, from the boginning, most zealous and earnost in demanding the punish- ment of tho villalus, Considering theso procla- mations, the attitude of mon of Influouce, aud the tono of the Southern press, thore is no roadon why the Gonoral Govornmont should in- torfore, unless, indeod, it should become evidont that the murdorers aro too numorous or too powerful for the State authoritios to cope with, and thot fact ehould Lo duly cortifiod by tho Governors or Legislatures of tho rospective Staton. Auy othor intorforonce would he illegal, and would have for effect only to intonsify tho animositios of all partios, and thus prolong tho vory evilsguch interferonco was designed to ouro, The nogro lns now tho rigltt of suffrago, and, whether ib way wise or unwisa to giveit to lim, it cannot bo taken from him, With the right to voto, hio should bo taught to holp himself, and to find his own place. Whon ko learns onco that ho can look for no extrancous liolp, his futura Wil Lo to o groat oxtont asgured. Tako from bim, na 200n ns posgible, tho notion that he iy to look to Washingtoi City for ovarything, and ho wil soon fall into the placo for which Nature bas fitted bim, Tho Southorn whits is not per ¢ the enomy of tha Bouthern black, IInd thero beon in the Bouth no whitos excopt Bouthorn whites sinoo tho War, tho races would hayo had very littlo trouble with ench othor, + Taling things, howaver, as we find them, we ropoat again that the Sonth must Buppross theyo digturbancos with au fron hiand, Tho North was woll tired und wickenod of tho carpot-hag vil- lamies at tho thme thoso late outrages come monced, snd wug propared to lend g Lolping hend to tho opprossod and plundered property- Lioldors of tho Soutl, 'The outrages havo goun- Equalization. The Bupromo Court of Iliinols ling formally decldod that tho State Board upon theso two points has oxclusive Jurladiction, can make its own rulos, and that its docistons, in tho abaenco of fraud, aro conclusivo, This brings ua to tho conslderation of tho quoation now pending boforo that Board aa to tho valuo to be placed on the eapital slook and franchises of corporations, It is concoded that tho Constitution roquires that tho valuation of proporty shall bo upon somo uniform rulo; that, if tho property in one county bo valued at 25 por cont ita roal valuo, nud in othor countios at 80, 40, 50, 00, or 70 por cont, this valuation shall bo oquatizod, abd a uniform standard bo adopted na thobasis for taxation. It is also concoded that $he valuo of tho taxable preporty os nasessed by tho Asucssors in 1874 {s, fn the nggrogato, about 40 por cont of the total actual valuo of said prop- erty. Tho quostion now arlses, Oan tho Btate Board preserve tho uniformity of voluation re- quirod by tho Constitution if it shall asscsa the proporty of railroads and tho capital stock of corporations ot o highor percontagoe than othor taxablo proporty in tho Biato? Mr. Dorickson, amombor of the Board, moved that, as 40 por contof tho real valuo was tho basis of nescss- ment for tho real and personal proporty of all individuals in tho Btato, the somo porcentago bo adopted aa tho basls of assessmont of all other proporty, including eapltal atook and franchisos, Another momber moved to placo tho rate at 65 por cont, bat both motions wero dofoated, 1t mny bo wholly impossiblo to resch tho mem- bornof that Board by tho avonucs of reasonm, Tho scom to regard Ohiosgo as n sort of mino, which it is thelr duty to draw upon to pay tho wholo oxponscs of tho Btate. Tho mombors 8com to think that thoro 18 n wondorful dopth in the word *franchise;* thoy rogard it as n sort of patont of nobility, a grant of apectal privilogos, a monopoly, and an inexhaustible sourco of woalth to the ownor, and for which a heavy tax should bo paid. Tho averago membor of that Board falls to parcoivo ony distinction botweon franchiscs. When throo or four mon combine to soll drugs or hardware, and, for convenience, organizo under the gonoral latw as n corporation, instond of doing buslness ng a firm, tho SBtato Board inslats that thoy hold & “franchiso " for which thoy must pay roundly. That thore aro corporations whoso chartors partske of mo- nopoly, and which ontitle ‘them to Bpo- cial ‘privileges, thero is no question, and auoh corporations, a8 horsc-railway companics, do hold; o franchiso which s oxclusivo and against common right, and honco that franchise in worth somothing in addition to tho value of tho horos, cars, and iron tvacks usod in tho businoss, But when, undor the genoral laws of this Stato, any porsons having monoy or crodit con engago in any kind of business, oitkor as individuals or corporations, and thia privilego is open t6 ovory ono freo of ‘charge, tho *f fran- ahdan? 0 dn nnty what overy athar nereon may do can hardly bo claimed to have ooy spocial valuo, Thisls truo of all branches of manu- facturing in this Stato. There is no such priv- iloge that can be exorcised by o corporation that 18 not oqually open to all other persons upon application. Tho Btate Donrd, howover, have 8 differont notion ; thoy think that tho privilego of doing businoss under tho namo of the * Brown & 8mith Cloth Manufacturing Company,” instend of ‘“Drown, Bmith & Co., cloth mannfuctar- ore,” is o franchiso of such a monopolizing ohractor as to call for vigorous taxation, Thoy thoreforo insist that the property of all corpo- rations shall poy taxos on n valuation of 100 cents on tho dollar of all thoy own, while otlig property shall pay only i the proportion of 40 conts on tho dollar, The practieal operation of this matter can bo illustrated by comparing tho tax-bill of a corporation and that of a privato individual engaged in thie samo businoss, owning the samo proporty, having the same capital, and owing tho same amount of dobts, A B O will havo to pay taxes as follows : Real estato worth $100,000, valuod at $10,000, at 1 DOE €ONtureersrsarenstsaososersrsoss Pommonal pronerly” worlh 160,000, vai The corporation, Lowover, will bo taxod Renl ostato, samo as above..., s 400 Poraonal property, smo s Abov 600 Capltal utock, $250,000, ut 1 per con 2,600 Debts duo ration, $100,000, st ‘1 per cent.. Total tax, Lees tax on read and perannal NOUARR xsuscssvisisssmosses 53 o ,600 ‘Tho porsons who compose tho firm doing bugi~ noss under a corporato namo pay $3,500 tax on tho samo amount of actual proporty as is ownod by thio firm doiug business undor tholr pocaonal namos. Tho differencois the sonunl ponalty fixod by the Btato’ Board for tho uso of tho “franchiso” ! It s ono of tho marvols of our rovonue rystom that from this ruling by the Stato Board thoro s no appoal, and for itg nequality and injustico thore s no romedy. Trom tho daoision of tho Assossor who assoasos our landy and proporty thero i an appenl, aud a way to rodross wrongs. Tho Btato Board ig prosumed by law to have infinite intolligenco, and its declslons aro put boyond tho roach of tho corrective authority of tho Suprome Court. This power to mako property, and the stock that ropresouts tho proporty, and the dobts duo from tho company and also reprosonted in tho proporty, soparate and additioual items for taxa~ tion e carriod to the oxtent of making bavks dolng businoss with 200,000 capital, and having $1,000,000 of deposits, roport the whole sum of thoir doposits ns debts, to bo ‘taxed in addition to thoir capitall 1f tho Logislature of Tlinols had for ita object tho oxpulsion of enpital and tho prohibition of its inventmont in mauufactures or othor produot~ ivo industry, no more npt law for that Purposo could hinvo boon dovised than our Revouuo lay, “ho Board of Equalization hos the powor to ron- dor this discrimination harmloss, and at the samo timo act justly to all classos of proporty- owhers. Tho Board s notinolined that way, sud tho only romedy is in the olection of g Log- intuturo that will amoend tho luw, pr———— Lo Journol de Marsoilles ia rather “ mixed” ou tho Boooher-Tilton seaudal, It #ayg that tog- riblo troublos havo brokon out smong throo Amorican preachors, Booolor, Bilton, and Moul~ ton; that lovo-lottors writton by Btilton to Madamo Booclior Blowo have boen found in the Pposaossion of the Rov, Mr, Moulton ; that Stil- ton hag brought an action nagainet Mr. Becchor for tho seduction of his youngost daughtor Floronce, claiming 60,000 damagea ; that Mad- ame Baochor{s the mothor of Unclo om, tho bliud planist, who croatod a fow yoars B0 B0 groat a furoro ovor Franco, g * e s THIRD-TERM POLITICH, Tho Ropublican party scoms to havo grown aweary of fts Irosldent. Its platforms do not oxpress unresorvod falth in him. Tho hints about o third torm which havo boen whispered about the country havo at Jaut mot open re- buloe in Btato Conventlons, Vory veanty crumbs of comfort havo boon vouchsafod him in othor rospocta, Thoe Conucellout, Dolawaro, Alabama, Tows, Xllinols, and Ohio Ropublicans havo uttorly ignored him and his doings in thelr piatforms of 1874, Insomo of theso Statos, nnd notably {u Iiinols, such ailouco wag roally n studiod in- sult. In Indians, Mr. Morton pormitted tho adoption of an oxpression of * ontire canfdonco in the fntogrity aud honor of tho President of tho Unitod States.” Tho Indiana Tepublicans, linving administored this soothing syrup to their Presidont, steuck straight at him by adopting o financial resolution diroctly opposed to his views, In Maine, the party platform moroly spproved of ibo voto, Vormont 'and Now Jorsoy seid somo protty things. In Loulsians, tho men whom Grant's bayonots put in power wero natorally lost in admiration of his “liboral, enlightened, and just poliey” in foroign and domostio affairs, In Michigan, the party Con- vontion voted down ® resolution indorsing Grant's courso on tho currency qiteation and de- clinod to say anything about him, In Olilo, n resolution denouncing o third torm was dobated in committoo, but flnally suppressed. The poli- ticians who rulo Ponnsylvania yolled thoir dis- gust at a rosolution indorsing Grant's third can- didacy, and in bitter irony announced that thoy proforrod oven Hariranft to Grant. Ncbraska wont doad against a third torm., Kansas do- clared s Tho unwritton law enacted by tho oxamplo of the “Father of his Country, in declining a re-cloction to the Prosidential torm, {s s contracting na {hough 1t was incorporatod fn tho National Conatitution, and ought never to bo violated, All this is vory cold comfort to tho Third Tormars and their praposodnow paper to bo pub- lished daily in Now York so long as tho fands of the Indian Ring hold out. It is ovident thattho President will bavo to look outsldo of tho Ro- publican party for faturo support. Tho Demo- crata will not havo him. Tho Grangers, Farm- ors, aud Indopendent Reformers have no in- torest in him, Tho Liborals oxplicitly repudiato Bbtm. Yot ono ray of hopo romains, Drowning men will catch at s straw, and so somo South- orners are ready to cluteh oven at Grant, If ho will promise to lond thom out of their bondage. Tho Richmond Whig of tho 80th ult, snys: *If o third torm would save us from *civil rights® and dragonades and lonve us tho substanco of solf-govornmont, it would bringno terrors with it to us; we havono timo now for sontimental politics and 1mnginary blessings,” Campot-bag rulo haa made the South ripe for tho overthrow of tho Ropublio. X m—— THE SWING HERESY, Wa deniro to call tho attontion of Mr. Cyrus H. MeCormick to a valuablo article on tho Trin- ity, pablished in tho lst numbor of his paper, tho Interior. Tho author of tho artlole is Alothes, or tho Zrue Onc. Tho author's othor namo is said to bo Nathannol West. As Nathn- nnel ia an Yaraolite in whom there is no guilo, it is entiroly fittiog that ho uhould transinte Lty namo Into Grook, and call himself Alothes. Mo haa given us s absolutely oxhaustive articlo on tho Trinity. That tho publio moy soo that the sub- Joot hns at last beea takon up by a man who isn porfoct master of it, wo quoto & fow passogos from tho articlo in question: * In that Essonco (of God) in tho Etoroal Act and Property of Pa- tornity, tho Etornal Act and Property of Filiation, tho Eternnl Act and Proporty of Procossion.” ** God, plus Potornity, oquals First Porson of tho Trinity. God, plus Filintion, oquals Sccond Per- son. God, plus Proceasion, oquals'Third Person,” Whoreby wo perceivo that hero is aman who knows what ho is talking sbout. Prof. Bwing's Trinity is doclared to be o monstrous * Plotinian Ennondity in Unity.” And, as if that woro not enough to damn him in tho cotimation of all good citlzons, Alothes goos on furthor to declara tlnt this man Bwing's ‘Lrinity * is only a Trind- ity, a Modalism, not o Hypostatical Trinity, or Trinity of Porsons.” “It is Monarchisnism.” “It is eimply Unitarianism.” It is Swoden- borglanism.” “It is ecssentinlly panthoistic.” But we havo quoted enough to show tho oxceed- ig great valuo of this arliclo. 1t will not only sorveas o corroctive of horeay, but it may bo mado to act o8 a mighty regenerativo forco upon human gocioty. Our suggestion to Mr. McCormiok, who Is known tobe abundant in good works, ia that ho should tnko upon himsolf tho exponse of print- log and cireulating this erticlo a8 a soparato tract. It would be an oxcollent tract to put into tho haunds of tuo unconvertod, espectally tho heathon. In tho light of its clear statoments, 80 fully rovealing God, they would probably at ouce repent. But if they should not, it wonld thua bo mado oloar to all that thoy ought to Lo punished to all oternity. In either ovont, “tho causo of truth ™ would bo powerfully aided, e —— Lnot winter, the facts and the possibilitios of co-oporation wero disoussod at longth 1n tho col- umns of Tue ToouNe. We thon urged upon the working-classea tho importance of trylng to do something for thomeolves, outsldo of and bo~ yond tho daily drudgory to which isolated work- ingmon aro doomed. Wo rhowed thom what their fellows in Europo had dono. Wo Iaid bo- fore thom many plans, oll of which had boon tostod by falr trial across the Atlautic, o warnod thom, howover, that productive co-opotne tion voa far more difficult and costly than dis- tributive. Wo ndvised thom to try to combine with their employors, rathor than ngainst them, ‘Wo roitoratod tho trnth that co-oporation, to unc- cood, roquired confidonce, capital, and honosty among tho co-oporators. Four schemes for co-oporative stores wore put undor way in Obi- engo.” Ono fallod beonuso the man who had it in ohargo waa takon slck, A tooond eamo to unught becauso tho would-bo manager wishod to uso tho namo of co-operation for Lia pergonal gain, A third burdoned itself with a propesterous totnl- abstinenco proviso, anad now drags out a slekly lite. The fourth wes ubandoned because the promise of profits by co-operative produotion was moro glittering, Tho carpontors who had tho mattor undor consideration, despite advice of woll-wishors, .xofected tho snfo store for the risky shop. Whon tho groat strike of tho journoyman shoemalors bozan in thiy oity, ‘wo urged upon masters and mon tho advisability of forming limited partnorships on the plan which tho groat Lnglish conl and shipbuilling and nowapapor firms of Briggs Bros., Tox, Hend & Qo., and W, I Smith & Co. bavo found o profitablo, Tho masters would have nono of it. "Lhe men, aftor squandoring in on usoloss strike tho funds that would havo started thom in busl- 1050 on thoir own nccount, took half of our ad- vico and got up for thomaolves. Without monoy, without crodit, without confidence in oach othor, thoy spoedily abandoned the strugglo and ro- lapsed into thelr old Land-to-mouth way of living. Thia summary lenvos only the carpentors’ as- soclation to bodiscussed, It started oft gally, with a gooaly numbor of subscriptions on its books, The workingmen in chargo of it foll blindly into troublo and oxpongo abiout tholr In- carporation. This troublo at tho outset shool thoir faithin cnch othor, Only twonty-nine shares woro takon in tho now company. Iowever, work was got and affaims woro golng on well, whon bickorings botwoon the mombora brought on dis- astor. Lho mon could not boar that ono of thom- golves shiould direct thoir work, Whon his or- dora displonsed thom, they sulked and stood stil, Tho roturn of somo of them to England wealk- oucd tho aesoclation, Embozalomont of funds and entanglements in law-suits woro tho coup-do- grace. Tho compnuy collapsed. It wont to wrock on tho vory rooks which Tnr Tnmuxsg of Inst winter mappoed ont. ‘Wo liavo skolchoed tho history of co-oporation in this olty at such Jongth in ordor that working- men may in tho futuro avold who fatal errors of tho pust. Tho principlo atill holas good. A gross disrogard of common songo and common honesty has Been the bano of co-oporation in Chbicago. It would bo the bano of anything anywhero. In Qrest Britain, Franco, Bwitzor- statosmnn is ono who would call war messures 8ood in times of poace, and givo usan inconvert- iblo owrrenoy forover, and plenty of It. Tho Poople of the United Btates oxpoct to hoar Phil- adolphin givo a more sensiblo oxprossion of tho ‘viowa of hor businosa mon on the finanelal ques- tlon to the world, — LEGISLATIVE MANNERS, Tho roquisitos of sucooss in lifo have boon dofined to bo mind and mannors. Tho allogod fact may oxplain tho lack of success in tho pro- ocoodings of tho Forty-third Congress, Tho trostmont of tho currenoy question removed tho lnst lurking susplolon that the mombors woro rich in mind, . Tholr treatmont of each othor Lins boon euch that wo woro obliged, somo time ago, to suggest tho expodlenoy of providing a Cham- bor of Porsonal.Altercations. Our roverod law- ‘makors have continuod to pass publio examinn. tions o tholr command of Billlngegate, Tho suggestion of o correspondont of the New York Zvening Posf, that tho M. O.'s should drop sham titloa of rospect and speak frank ly of thole follows by roforriug to thom as *The Hon. Salary-Grabbor from Kan- 88, “Tho Hon. Bankrupt Inflationist from Lilinols,” *Tho Hon. Thief from Ponnsylva- nis," oto, hna not boon fully earriod out, al- though an sppronch to it has boon mado. But our Congrossmon may gain in maoners, Incredible as it may scom, othor Jogislators aro ‘worso in this.rospect than ours, Tho * politost poople in thoworld” doposit thelr politensss at tho ‘Asgombly doors, It would bo out of placo withir, Bo far sa vituporation Is concornod, they aro worso than tholr American follows. Correspondence trom Frauco informa us of the tumaltaoftho presont Assembly,but fow aroawaro that tho doliborations of nearly all proceding Leogialaturos in Franco havo boon marked and marred in tho samo way. Undor Napaleon, tho ! land, Italy, Austris, and Gormany, co-opora- tion has been the workingman's groatost blosa~ ing. That this {8 not tho caso in Amarica, American workingmen havo * themsolves to blamo, Yot tho fault is not wholly thoirs, Elsowhero, cemployors have dono much, many of them vory much, for thoir mon, Elsowhoro, men of prominence have heartily aided such movements. Tho roporta of tho annual co-opo- rativo congresees of Great Britain contain somo of tho best names of Eurppe. In thia country, omployer and ominent man look askant—and tho workingman drifts toward the Commune, FINANCE, Heary Carey Baird, of Philadolphis, has boen writing to tho Inquirer of that city o lottor for tho inatruotion of his countrymen, contrasting the recont financial policies of Franco and tho United Btatos. No ono would possibly discovor ihat that was tho intontion of his lottor did he not inform us in largo-lottered hoad-lines that it was. TIndoced, it wonld bo bard to tell ‘why his Iottor was written at oll, or what he hoped to gain by writing it. Mo sooms to condemn both tho Fronch ond American financial polioy. Indeod, he does condomn both; ond this in epito of tho fact that they are dinmotrically opposed tho ono to tho othor. But, stranger yob, Mr, Baird nowhoro tolls us why eithor policy is not right, or why ho condomns both. Tho only moral ho would havo us draw from all ho eays is, that both Amarican and Fronch logis~ Iators aro iucompotont to doal with financial questions. Ho beging by donbting whother, a8 80mo eny, a national dobt is n national blesslng, Ho has sonse enough to recognizo that, althongh prosperity may accompany & nattonal debt, it does not follow from it and is not produced by it, and that prosperity may be found where thoro aro no national dobts, Aftor Justitying tho is- suo of our greenback currenoy during tho War, ho eays that it might naturally have been in- forzod that a measuro which had proven itsslt so poworful and g0 benoficent in tho hour of nation- ol trisl, amid war and destruction, might be cqually so in building up what the War Iad pulled down. And Mr, Baird scomss to think that the groonback is equally boneficont and oqually good in war and ponco. Now, us o war monsurc tho issuo of greonbacks may have beon expedient, whilo ag 8 porco mensuro it would bo very bad. Or doos Mr. Honry Carey Baird beliovo that noy and all mengures good in wer are equally good in poaco? Tho tearing up of o railway-track, or tho bom- bardment of a city, or tho destruction of human lifo, may bo resorted to 88 o war measuro. Not 80 a4 peaco megsurce. The passago of the Legal-Tendor act was, howover justifinblo undor tho circumstances, a3 disastrous as anything olgo dono during the Rebollion. It was & war monsure in the worst sense of tho word, We suppose wo shall hear of Mr. Baird's ndvecating other war measures in timo of peace in the cal- umna of the Ingutrer, Lot the good poople of Philadelpbia look out for their hoads if his viows find aupportors, Mr. Daird objects apparently to the use of languago which donominates tho greonback a *forced loan,"” * irredoomablo papor,” ete., oto. Wa would agk Mr. Daird whether tho issue of our legal-tender currency was not, on his own confosslon, nccessary, becauso no voluntary loan could bo obtained at tho timo it wns made, Wo would asl him, too, whethor the groonbaok is redeomablo; and if it bo not, we wonld like to Lear his objection to its being called * irrodoom- ablo.” Wo havo Lad tho groonback now o good number of years, yot Mr, Baird 8038 wo havo had nino years of sociotary paralyais. It is nmus- ing to lear tho oxplanation ho gives of this paralysis, It was all enused, ho informs us, by tho offorts mnde to rotiro thoe greonbacka! Mr, Bairdmust bo a vory nimblo, clastio youth to be eblo to jump so romarkably woll—at conclu- slons. Franco's financial polioy has boon liko anything bat our own. Tho Franco-Prusslan war hod incrensed tho fanded debt of Franco by the end of 1872 §1,049,000,000. In Beptomber, 1870, tho Bavk of Franco susponded epocio paymonts, Tho clrculntion of tho Bank at that timo was £602,000,000, whoroau in tho month of June pros vious it hnd been only £276,000,000. Tho Gov- crument borrowed 806,000,000 from tho Dank of Frauce. Ii hao paid back $183,000,000. Tho Bank haa reducod tho eiroulation of its notes from 703,000,000 in Octobey, 1873, to 495,000, 000 in Juno, 1874 It hns ncenmulated from £145,000,000 to $235,000,000, And, besides all thig, it has pald off an indonnity of $1,100,000,~ 000 to Gormany. Most poople who know any- thing of tho princlples of financa will 8ay that ihiu 1 8 protty good whowing for Franco. Dut 3. Baird dooa not viewit in this light. Franco, ho tells us, euffors from hor flnancial polioy by tho discontont of hor poopla end tho completo paralysls of tho businoss of Paris, Tlad tho Dank of France not withdrawn ity inconvertiblo curronoy to the full oxtent of it ability, all would bavo boon lovoly, just aa all would havo boen lovoly in this country had no« body ever droamt of contraction and callod tho greonback *inconvertiblo,” Buch boing A, Daird’s viewa of flnnnos, wa aro not Rurprised at lig viows on utateomauabip, Iin jdosl of Corps Legislatif waa slmost dally the scono of angry outburst, despite tho bountoous rowards for coniplianco_with tho Imperial will, and tho sbundant pumishments for bittor oppoaition, Dot the Assombly of 1848:40 perhaps sinned most griovously. Onorow overtho Conscription blil of 1840 ‘hos’ pssod into history. Tho Marquis do Quorhoont was sponking Iaborionsly on the bill when M. Doutro yolled: Don't talk Ike an old woman!” “Who fa tho imbecilo who said that?” o all say it; you'ro an imbecllo,” ghouted n dozen of M. Doutre's frionds. This was tho mpark that fired tho train, Tho As- sombly stood on ita rospactive logs and Jabborod and howled. - A frantio Rosalist shrioked: *Ir any ono would givo ma a pistol, I would firo it into thot pack of wil boaats!® Tho President, M. Dupin, was a Ropublican. Holost his tempor ot this outery, and sang out: “Wild bonst yourselfl X ecall you to order!” Tho Right turned on tho Presldent liko ono man. “ You ineult us; bog our pardon,” was tho ery. M. Dupin gropod for his hat. When the Prosidont covors himeolf ‘the Assembly, by Fronch par- lamentary law, is sdjourncd. No hat could bo found. Tho distractod Prosidont called: “ Lond mo & hat, somo ono!” The Left tried to hand it to him. Tho Right crowded around him, kooping oft tho Ropublicans, and eatching tho hats that tho latter throw. Finally ono mombor of tho Loft packod ks hat with papors, ad flung the hoavy missilo ovor the heads of tho Right. AL, Dupin made a gracefal fly-catch, thrust tho hat on his hoad, declared the Asgeme bly adjourned, growled out: Baly, & pack of bonsts,” and left his seat. There wero also milder affrays. Count Koranflech baptized with 8 glasaful of sugarod wator o Deputy of the Left who came wunder the tribune ond shook his fists at him. Princo Plorro Bonaparto varied the monotony of dehato by boxing his opponent's cars. Thors wero procodents for such secnos. In 1824, when AL Manuel was supposod to bo defonding rogicido, the Right roso toits foot and shonted Trai. tarl” Boms of its mombors advancod toward the epeaker with such threatoning gosturos that ho fled from tho tribuno, Tho wildest oxcosses were in tho days of the TFirst Assombly, when the guillotine was tho standing threat, and when throats wore apt to bo veriflod. Tho British Parliament {8 by no means irro- proachablo in its behavior. It hooted down Diarnoli when ho mado his maiden speoch, and wrung from him tho famous and plucky retort : “You may laugh mo down now, but I will make you hear mo yot.* Only n fow montha 830, Bir Oharles Dilke was ecroamed into silence by rowdy mombors. His efforts to criticiso Royalty wero intorrupted by crowing, and braying, and whinoying, and all tho other noises of thio farm- yard, until not & syllable of his spocch could bo hoard. 1t -appears, thon, that our Congrossmen aro 1ot alono sinful in this mottor. It scoma necos- sary to have lawa forged in a white hoat of pas- sion. And yot a view of what forelgnor hng called tho great Amerlcan bont-gardon is nog caloulated to mako tho cltizen rovoro tho rulers L and hig follows havo choson. S THE ENGLISH MERCHANT MARINE, England still malntains hor position as a Ppro-crinontly maritimo nation. Tho lntost ro- turns relating to her merchant marino show it to bo in o vory satisfactory condition, What its magnitudo and how rapid ity inerease may bo #oon from the following figures fumished by the English Nationn! Board of Trade. Tho tonnago of ships ongaged in tho foroign trade of the United Kingdom has boen multiplied six times ina poriod of thirty-five yoars boginning with 1838, Tbis includes tho tonnage engagod in- wards and ontwards, The proportion of ton nago bolonglog to the Uuited Kivgdom omployed in forolgu trade wag, in 1838, 70.6 por cont. In 1872 it was 09.3 per cont. Allowing, however, for the fact that in 1854 Parliamont effoctod a chango in tho mothod of mensuring vesgol, and that then oud aftorwards stopa were taken to cloar tho Dritish rogiator, it willbo seon that thoro may bo uo exaggoration in tho stutomont that tho re- sult was & diminution of tonnaga by about 400,000 tons, Thus in thirty-fivo yoars thoro bies boon eareoly any diminution in tho propor- tlon of British ships engnged in the trado of tho country with tho rost of the world, Aftor tho English tonnago ongagod in English foreign trado,—i. e., oithor bringing Englaud foroign Boods or carrying English goods to foraignors,— the Gorman 18 tho largost, and yot the Including vessels in baltast an woll as thoso car- rying cargo, that they comparo na 07,0 and 84.3, Iu tho yoar 1831 tho total shipping of the ontiro British Kingdom moasured 2,600,203 tona, In 1872 & wes 7,215,820 toow. In 1sal tho total sbipping of our own country meagured 1,292,608 tonn, In 1872 it wan 4,081, 057 tons, which Is Pproportionatoly moro rapid than in England. England is far slioad of ug in stoam tonoage. In 1872 it roached 1,640,080 tons, whilo ours wos only 177,680, Tho stoam tonnago of England {s incronsing much moro rapidly than tho othor. e ———— RAILWAY-ACOIDENTS In ENGLAND, Wo have boon having a resplte, for n shors timo, from the horrors of rallway-ncoidenta, with tholr concomitantaof maimed and smashod and parboilod presengers. Tho honding, *Great Disnstor on tho Erfo Ralrond,” which Eastarn Ppapors aro snid to Liavo had stereotypod for cone atant uso o fow yoars ago, has not appoared so coustantly of Into. Patont’ brakes, satoty platforms, improvea mothods of coupling, and Pporfectod means of communication botweon all Partaof tho train, have groatiycat down tho por- ocntago of denths nmong travelors by rall. Tho English ronds, slow to adopt any improvemonts of Amorican origin, and thereforo out off from the best and tho Iatest, havo recontly bogun to deatroy lifo ot a rato whioh strikos tho Dritish mind aa somotbing fosrtul, although the killing of 1out of ovory 11,381,800 passongers docs not soom capoclally appalling on this sldo of tho Atlantio, Themaln sufforers in England are tho railway omployes, of whom 1 out of 833 18 killed and 1 out of 213 Injured annually, Thero {a an Englizh ofictal, Capt, Tylor, whois charged with tho investigation of all railrond accidonts. Tha comploto fulfillment of hin task is impossiblo, bocauso the companies, dospito stringont lawa ogainst such concoalment, do all thoy can to keop tho misbapa of thoir trains secrot. Tho Board of Trade, ropresantod by Capt. Tyler, in- veatigatod 247 nceldonts during 1878, Its roport statos tho cause of ovor 240 of thom and points out tho romedy. Tho causes may bo summod up undor & fow heads : Carolosanees in constructing rond-bed and roll ing-stook ; ' Nogloct of noeded ropairs; Disobedionco and ignorancs of rules} Overwork of omployes. Tho last is a raro causo of disaator, althongh the fack of overwork is pnlpsblo. Mon hava ‘beon kopt ot thoir posts for thivty hours without intormiesion. In one case, when a hoavily-load- od pagsongor oxpress running at tull spoed was ewitchod into o freight train on a nide-track, the switohman had not been relioved for nineteen houra, - Half-awake, ho had pushed tho ewitch iwo inches too far. Tho noglect of rules, through ignorance or otherwiso, is a prolife sourco of dieastor. But the two main canses aro tho first two onumorated, Thoro is great carolessnoss in construction. Curves are too sbarp, Bldo-tracks aro too short. Bignal ma- chinory ia defoctivo. Enginos and cars nro not constructed on approved principles. Ono oceidont was coused by tho broske ing of & tiro of wroughtdron. Tt shonld have boon steol. Eight or ton wora caused by tho ingocuro attachmont of tiren .to wheols, A number might have boon provont- edif tho passengers conld lave signaled tha engineor. But the English roads which deign to provide any menns of communication botwoen tho locked-in passongers nnd the ongincor ine closo the boll-cord in glnas which has to bo broe kon bofore tho cord can bo pulled. Tho objeet of this is to provent pnssengors’ pulling the cord foralark, The rosult is that tho conncetion cannot bo tested, and is often found defactiva whon thero ia noed of it. Tho fact that tho coma Ppanios havo boon bold responsible, in somo suits, for thoir negloot to nvail themselves of tho Intest improvomants, may 16ad fo n cliange for tho better, so far ns tho adoption of Amorican Invontions s concormed. When road-bod and rolling-stock bave onco boen constructed, tho railway managers seom to regard both as immortal, Ropairs are shockingly neglectod. In stating tho causes of theso accidonts, Capt. Tyler 8ays: “The en- gino [which had burst] had boon bought from another company and was protty nearly worn out. , . This wogon [{. e., cor] had been previously running with at loast oue-third of its axlo fractured. . . Tho nxlo, which had run 115,000 miles, showed a fiaw through two-ffths of its section, opposite the koy, in tho shepo of & half-moon.” For all theso four clnsscs of causes tho com- Panies aro directly roaponsible. Thoy can avoid ovorworking their ormployos by hiring enough of them. 'They can eoon atop disobedienco of rules by dismissing overy man guilty of it, whether or not disastor has followed his disobedionco. Propor precautions will provont ignoranco. Care- lessness of coustruction m1d negloct of ropaira are of courso directly ohargyeabla to tho men at thehioad of nffaire. Tovestrgntion, like that of Capt. Tyler, may do good by arousing ]’mpulu. indignation, aud so scaring tho combanies inta somo rogard for thelr procious Frolght of lifo, but a vigorous inapection, entiraly indopoudent of tho ronds, would bo the most effevrtual means of provention. Thoro is no doubt that thoStato, Doth in Eugland and Amorica, may wightly on- forco puch inspaction. Tho railroad company that solls 4 pagsengor-ticket tacitly consouts to uso duo cars and precaution in tranaporting the buyer to Lis destination. If it breaks tho con- tract and kills him, no money damages can com~ pensato his wifo and childron. Becauso the ouro is g0 ineilicacious, tho provention should Lo thorough. e} Judgo Basil Hamilton, the Kalumazoo cento- nariay, has juat died at the advancod ago of 103 years, presorving his facultios cloar to the last, and poncofully ending s poaceful lifo, 'Thero wore gonio indarosting facts about tho old gontle- nman. Ho was one of a family of twonty-throo children, Bix of his older brothors murched trinmphantly forth to fight the British under tho leadorshin.of Washington. Tho'old gontio- mau himselt had known the Father of his Coun- try, had voted for his mocond torm, and had Gorman iy only onc-tonth the English, It will surpriso our romders, porhaps, to learn that tho Norwoglan s nlmost oqual to the Gor- an, and that the Fronoh isloss than half tho Norwogian, Tho American tonnago engaged in English forelgn trada is foss than the Fronch, and not moro than ono-third of tho Gorman, ‘Che Increaso during the last thirty-five yoars of tho Norwogian tonnage {s somothing remark- able, It has incroagod fourtoon-fold during that poriod, Comparing tho Dritish tonnage engagod in British foreign trado with ths Amoriean ton- nage in Amorican, foreign trado, wo flud, attor voted for overy Presidont over since. Ho was marrled at 19, fn the yoar 1790, cloping with a girlof 10, with whot ho lived until tho year 1857, Thoy twaln wero man and wife for sixty-sovon yoms. Tho now-fangled inatitution of divoreo kad not boon hoard of in timo to ruin thoir lives and divide thoir Louso- bold, and for thoso many yoars there had boen o dangor of u soparation dut by doath alona, During thoso years of unfvgerruptod happinesa they had saventoon children, )f whom eight aro utill living, Thoro aro also szhty-ono grand- cbildron and a numbor of greak-grandehildron, At nearly a4 oan bo estimated, thea fruit of tho Stillwoll was 220 sonly, The monwntous svonts claudestino union of Bakll Hamilton and Martha of history whioh oconrred in his lite to change the apparont dostiny of tho world ‘sppenr dlin oud shadowy In the past, Born Myrch 15, 1771, ho was oldor than the Ropublio, Waahing~ ton waa farming at Mount Yernon ; Jofforson wag 28 yoars of age; (leorge III, was on tho English throno; Nelson was a midshipman ; tha futuro Duko of Wollington was & baby In arms;